Artículos de revistas: "Ecology. Dinoflagellates. Atlantic Coast (Ireland)"

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Horton, Thomas W., Barbara A. Block, Alan Drumm, Lucy A. Hawkes, Macdara O’Cuaig, Niall Ó. Maoiléidigh, Ross O’Neill, Robert J. Schallert, Michael J. W. Stokesbury y Matthew J. Witt. "Tracking Atlantic bluefin tuna from foraging grounds off the west coast of Ireland". ICES Journal of Marine Science 77, n.º 6 (29 de julio de 2020): 2066–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa090.

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Abstract Pop-up archival tags (n = 16) were deployed on Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABT) off the west coast of Ireland in October and November 2016 (199–246 cm curved fork length), yielding 2799 d of location data and 990 and 989 d of depth and temperature time-series data, respectively. Most daily locations (96%, n = 2651) occurred east of 45°W, the current stock management boundary for ABT. Key habitats occupied were the Bay of Biscay and the Central North Atlantic, with two migratory patterns evident: an east-west group and an eastern resident group. Five out of six tags that remained attached until July 2017 returned to the northeast Atlantic after having migrated as far as the Canary Islands, the Mediterranean Sea (MEDI) and the Central North Atlantic. Tracked bluefin tuna exhibited a diel depth-use pattern occupying shallower depths at night and deeper depths during the day. Four bluefin tuna visited known spawning grounds in the central and western MEDI, and one may have spawned, based on the recovered data showing oscillatory dives transecting the thermocline on 15 nights. These findings demonstrate the complexity of the aggregation of ABT off Ireland and, more broadly in the northeast Atlantic, highlighting the need for dedicated future research to conserve this important aggregation.

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Jackson, David, Sandra Deady, Daniel Hassett y Yvonne Leahy. "Caligus elongatus as parasites of farmed salmonids in Ireland". Contributions to Zoology 69, n.º 1-2 (2000): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-0690102007.

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Infestation patterns of Caligus elongatus on farmed Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout were investigated at several sites along the west coast of Ireland. Parasite abundances were examined in relation to host species, farm location and season. Differences were found in the relative prevalence of infestation between salmon and rainbow trout. Caligus elongatus generally contributed more as a proportion of the total lice burden on rainbow trout than on Atlantic salmon. Evidence of possible parasite transmission from wild fish stocks was found at a number of sites where marked seasonal changes in parasite abundance were observed. A wide size distribution of adult female Caligus elongatus was found at a number of sites.

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MCCARTHY, ALISON M., SARAH GERKEN, DAVID MCGRATH y GRACE P. MCCORMACK. "Monopseudocuma a new genus from the North East Atlantic and redescription of Pseudocuma gilsoni Bacescu, 1950 (Cumacea: Pseudocumatidae)". Zootaxa 1203, n.º 1 (15 de mayo de 2006): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1203.1.2.

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The validity of Pseudocuma gilsoni B|cescu 1950 has been questioned in the past. The recent discovery of material in Irish waters, and in the North Sea, confirms the presence of the species in the North East Atlantic and provides the opportunity to present a full redescription. A new genus, Monopseudocuma, is erected to accommodate the species. A neotype is designated from the West coast of Ireland.

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Horton, Thomas W., Barbara A. Block, Rachel Davies, Lucy A. Hawkes, Duncan Jones, Hannah Jones, Keith Leeves et al. "Evidence of increased occurrence of Atlantic bluefin tuna in territorial waters of the United Kingdom and Ireland". ICES Journal of Marine Science 78, n.º 5 (17 de abril de 2021): 1672–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsab039.

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Abstract Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABT, Thunnus thynnus; Linneaus, 1758) is an ecologically important apex-predator with high commercial value. They were once common off the coast of the United Kingdom (UK), before disappearing in the 1960s. In regions lacking commercial fisheries for ABT, such as the UK and Ireland, spatial data can be scarce. In these cases, sightings and bycatch databases can offset information shortfalls. Here, we document the reappearance of ABT into territorial waters of the UK from 2014 onwards, and increased occurrence off Ireland. We analyse a novel, multi-source dataset comprising occurrence data (2008–2019; 989 sightings and 114 tonnes of bycatch) compiled from a range of sources (scientific surveys, ecotours and fisheries). We show an increasing trend in effort-corrected ABT occurrence in (i) the pelagic ecosystem survey in the western English Channel and Celtic Sea (PELTIC), (ii) an ecotour operator, and (iii) the Irish albacore fishery in on-shelf and off-shelf waters. Sightings of ABT by the PELTIC correlated with modelled abundance estimates of ABT and the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation. These data demonstrate that sightings of ABT have increased off the UK and Ireland since 2014, following the same increasing trend (2010 onwards) as the eastern ABT population.

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FRYDAY, Alan M. y Pieter P. G. VAN DEN BOOM. "Lecidea phaeophysata: a new saxicolous lichen species from western and southern Europe with a key to saxicolous lecideoid lichens present on Atlantic coasts". Lichenologist 51, n.º 3 (mayo de 2019): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282919000070.

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AbstractThe new lichen species Lecidea phaeophysata is described from rocks close to the coast in Italy, Portugal, France and Ireland. Distinguishing features include Porpidia-type asci and simple paraphyses that are fuscous brown pigmented in their upper section. Its systematic position is discussed but is unclear as molecular data are lacking (all collections are c. 20 years old). Therefore, we chose to describe the species in a broadly-circumscribed Lecidea rather than erecting a new monotypic genus. A key to saxicolous lecideoid lichens present on Atlantic coasts in Europe is also provided.

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Whyte, Callum, Keith Davidson, Linda Gilpin, Elaine Mitchell, Grigorios Moschonas, Sharon McNeill y Paul Tett. "Tracking changes to a microplankton community in a North Atlantic sea loch using the microplankton index PI(mp)". ICES Journal of Marine Science 74, n.º 1 (18 de agosto de 2016): 311–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw125.

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Microplankton plays a vital part in marine ecosystems, and its importance has been recognized by the inclusion of microplankton community composition in regulatory frameworks such as the European Water Framework Directive and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive as an indicator of ecological status. Quantitative techniques are therefore required to assess the environmental status of the microplankton in a water body. Here we demonstrate the use of a method known as the microplankton index PI(mp) to evaluate changes in the microplankton community of the west coast Scottish Sea Loch Creran. Microplankton in this fjord has been studied since the 1970s, providing a data set spanning four decades. Our analysis compares an arbitrarily chosen reference period between 1979 and 1981 with a period between 2011 and 2013 and demonstrates that between these two periods community structure has changed considerably with a substantial drop in the numbers of observed diatoms accompanied by a rise in the number of autotrophic/mixotrophic dinoflagellates as well as an increase in the potentially toxin producing genus Pseudo-nitzschia and that these are related to changes in both the intensity and timing of local patterns of precipitation. The PI(mp) is shown to be a useful and robust method to visualize and quantify changes in the underlying structure of the microplankton community and is a powerful addition to the toolbox of techniques needed to determine the health of our seas.

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Delmas, D., A. Herbland y SY Maestrini. "Environmental conditions which lead to increase in cell density of the toxic dinoflagellates Dinophysis spp. in nutrient-rich and nutrient-poor waters of the French Atlantic coast". Marine Ecology Progress Series 89 (1992): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps089053.

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MANDIĆ, MILICA, BRANKA PESTORIĆ, OLIVERA MARKOVIĆ, MIRKO DUROVIĆ y DRAGANA DRAKULOVIĆ. "Plankton community of trafficked ports as a baseline reference for Non Indigenous Species arrivals. Case study of the Port of Bar (South Adriatic Sea)". Mediterranean Marine Science 20, n.º 4 (20 de diciembre de 2019): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.19135.

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Plankton (ichthyo, zoo and phyto) communities were studied in the temperate shallow waters of the Port of Bar, one of the main cargo ports on the south-eastern Adriatic coast. Sampling was undertaken in February, April, June and October 2015 at 12 stations using the BALMAS Port Baseline Survey protocol. The research was conducted to determine the presence of invasive and potentially toxic plankton species in the port.The most dominant species of ichthyoplankton were eggs and larvae of families Engraulidae, Bothidae and Sparidae with a dominance of Engraulis encrasicolus, Arnoglossus laterna and Diplodus annularis. In addition to ichthyoplankton, sampling of phyto and zooplankton was performed to estimate the abundance and diversity of species.The most numerous zooplankton species throughout investigated period were Penilia avirostris, Euterpina acutifrons, Oithona nana, Acartia clausi, Centropages kroyeri, Paracalanus parvus, Oncaeidae and larvae of Bivalvia. One very unusual occurrence was the spawning of parrotfish Sparisoma cretense (Linnaeus, 1758), a species with Atlantic origin and tropical affinities, whose presence throughout the Mediterranean has shown an increasing trend over the last decade. The most dominant species of phytoplankton were the diatoms Chaetoceros affinis and Chaetoceros spp., Asterionellopsis glacialis, Pseudo-nitzschia spp., Thalassionema nitzschioides, and dinoflagellates Gymnodinium spp. and Prorocentrum triestinum. The potentially toxic species from genus Pseudo- nitzschia reached an abundance of 104 cells L-1. Toxic dinoflagellates Prorocentrum cordatum and P. micans reached values of 103 cells L-1.Although there were no HAOP species found during the survey, presence of several potentially toxic and toxic phytoplankton species whose impact is not sufficiently known indicates the necessity of introduction of regular monitoring activities and definition of preventive protection measures.

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Almodóvar, Ana, Graciela G. Nicola, Daniel Ayllón, Clive N. Trueman, Ian Davidson, Richard Kennedy y Benigno Elvira. "Stable isotopes suggest the location of marine feeding grounds of South European Atlantic salmon in Greenland". ICES Journal of Marine Science 77, n.º 2 (25 de enero de 2020): 593–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz258.

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Abstract Historical data on the oceanic distribution and migration routes of southernmost Atlantic salmon Salmo salar populations from Europe are almost non-existent, as no rigorous tagging initiatives have been conducted. Here, we used stable isotope data (δ13C and δ15N) of historic scale collections to identify the potential marine feeding areas of the largest salmon population in the Iberian Peninsula. Data were compared with published datasets from Northern Ireland, Wales, south England, and northeast UK coast, which correspond to series between 15- and 33-year long within the time period from 1958 to 2009. Temporal covariation in sea surface temperature, primary productivity, and δ13C values suggests that feeding areas of Iberian salmon are located around Greenland, both in the Labrador and the Irminger seas. Furthermore, δ13C values of Atlantic salmon from Canadian rivers reported in the literature are similar to those found in individuals from Spanish rivers. Our results suggest that Iberian salmon follow a westerly migration route towards Greenland instead of following the easterly branch of the North Atlantic current into the Norwegian Sea. Characterization of feeding patterns and migration routes might help to understand the causes of ongoing population decline and establish targeted conservation programmes for threatened Iberian salmon.

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Ryan, Conor, Pádraig Whooley, Simon D. Berrow, Colin Barnes, Nick Massett, Wouter J. Strietman, Fredrik Broms, Peter T. Stevick, Thomas W. Fernald y Christian Schmidt. "A longitudinal study of humpback whales in Irish waters". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 96, n.º 4 (9 de enero de 2015): 877–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315414002033.

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Knowledge on the ecology of humpback whales in the eastern North Atlantic is lacking by comparison with most other ocean basins. Humpback whales were historically over-exploited in the region and are still found in low relative abundances. This, coupled with their large range makes them difficult to study. With the aim of informing more effective conservation measures in Ireland, the Irish Whale and Dolphin Group began recording sightings and images suitable for photo-identification of humpback whales from Irish waters in 1999. Validated records submitted by members of the public and data from dedicated surveys were analysed to form a longitudinal study of individually recognizable humpback whales. The distribution, relative abundance and seasonality of humpback whale sighting records are presented, revealing discrete important areas for humpback whales in Irish coastal waters. An annual easterly movement of humpback whales along the southern coast of Ireland is documented, mirroring that of their preferred prey: herring and sprat. Photo-identification images were compared with others collected throughout the North Atlantic (N = 8016), resulting in matches of two individuals between Ireland and Iceland, Norway and the Netherlands but no matches to known breeding grounds (Cape Verde and West Indies). This study demonstrates that combining public records with dedicated survey data is an effective approach to studying low-density, threatened migratory species over temporal and spatial scales that are relevant to conservation and management.

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Hernández-Fariñas, Tania, Dominique Soudant, Laurent Barillé, Catherine Belin, Alain Lefebvre y Cédric Bacher. "Temporal changes in the phytoplankton community along the French coast of the eastern English Channel and the southern Bight of the North Sea". ICES Journal of Marine Science 71, n.º 4 (28 de noviembre de 2013): 821–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fst192.

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Abstract Long-term trends in the phytoplankton community along the French coast of the English Channel and southern Bight of the North Sea were studied and related to physico-chemical factors and large-climatic indices. Phytoplankton and hydrological data were acquired through three transects. Sampling took place between 1992 and 2011 as part of the French Phytoplankton Monitoring Network (REPHY) and the Regional Nutrients Monitoring Network (SRN). Trends in time-series were identified with dynamic linear models tailored to environmental monitoring data characteristics (e.g. irregular sampling frequency, missing data). Temporal and spatial patterns in the phytoplankton community were explained with a partial triadic analysis. Relationships between the phytoplankton community composition, environmental factors, and climatic indices were assessed using a redundancy analysis (RDA). The analyses revealed long-term changes in the community composition, characterized by a temporal structure that remained common to all transects. The abundance of some groups of taxa such as the one composed by Gymnodinium and Gyrodinium, as well as the group of Pseudo-nitzschia increased during the study period, whereas the abundance of other taxa as for example Guinardia and the group of Coscinodiscus and Stellarima globally decreased. More generally, the proportion of dinoflagellates relative to diatoms increased. Trends in environmental variables were also observed in most sites and related to decreases in nutrient concentrations and an increasing trend in salinity. The RDA indicated that the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index and salinity were the main factors defining the temporal structure of the phytoplankton community. This suggests that variations observed in the phytoplankton community are linked to hydro-climatic changes in the coastal environment.

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Rodríguez-Pena, E., P. Verísimo, O. Tully, L. Fernández y A. Martínez-Lage. "Differences in prevalence of multiple paternity in the spiny spider crab Maja brachydactyla in two localities that differ in female fecundity, fishing intensity, and management measures". ICES Journal of Marine Science 78, n.º 5 (29 de abril de 2021): 1697–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsab060.

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Abstract Many marine species are under high fishing pressure, which can cause alterations in their mating systems and the structure of their populations. The spiny spider crab Maja brachydactyla is a commercial decapod on the east Atlantic coast. In Galicia, the most exploited region in Spain, the landing of ovigerous females is prohibited, favouring exploitation focused on males. The removal of males, especially the largest ones, may lead to sperm limitation and a reduction in the average size over generations. In these cases, polyandry can work as a mechanism to protect females against sperm limitation and to increase genetic diversity and effective population size. This study analyses the multiple paternity in M. brachydactyla in two localities that differ in female fecundity, fishing intensity, and management measures. Our results showed multiple paternity in this species for the first time, with a moderate bias between sires. However, the frequency of multiple paternity was almost seven times higher in the intensely exploited Golfo Ártabro (NW Spain; 69%) than in Carna (W Ireland; 10%), where exploitation levels and female fecundity are lower.

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COLLOCA, FRANCESCO, DANILO SCANNELLA, MICHELE LUCA GERACI, FABIO FALSONE, GIUSTO BATISTA, SERGIO VITALE, MANFREDI DI LORENZO y GIOACCHINO ΒΟΝΟ. "British sharks in Sicily: records of long distance migration of tope shark (Galeorhinus galeus) from North-eastern Atlantic to Mediterranean Sea." Mediterranean Marine Science 20, n.º 2 (5 de junio de 2019): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.18121.

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The study reports information about the recapture of two tagged adult females of tope shark, Galeorhinus galeus (Linnaeus 1758), in the central Mediterranean Sea (south coasts of Sicily) in 2014 and 2017. The two females were tagged in North-East Atlantic, respectively in Scotland in 2009 and Ireland in 2015. The Scottish specimen was a 175 cm female increasing of about 10 kg in body weight and 37 cm in total length during its 1967 days at liberty (5.39 years). The Irish one, was a pregnant female of an estimated age of 15-17 year which spent 248 days at liberty increasing 14 cm during this period. The growth rate of the two specimens was therefore between 6.8 and 7.8 cm year-1, faster than the annual increments of adults suggested in previous studies. Previous tope recapture records in the Mediterranean Sea were limited to the Alboran Sea, coast of Valencia and the Algerian coasts. The two tope females recaptured in the Strait of Sicily provided the first evidence of long distance entrance of NE Atlantic tope in the Mediterranean Sea. The well known occurrence of mature females and juveniles in this area of the Mediterranean suggest the hypothesis of a migration of adults female from their feeding grounds in north eastern Atlantic to lower latitudes up to the Mediterranean Sea for parturition.

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MYERS, ALAN A. y JAMES K. LOWRY. "A revision of the genus Orchestia Leach, 1814 with the reinstatement of O. inaequalipes (K.H. Barnard, 1951), the designation of a neotype for Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas, 1776) and the description of three new species (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae: Talitrinae)". Zootaxa 4808, n.º 2 (2 de julio de 2020): 201–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4808.2.1.

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The amphipod genus Orchestia is revised. It now includes 10 species of which three are new: O. forchuensis sp. nov. from north-eastern North America and Iceland., O. perezi sp. nov. from Chile and O. tabladoi sp. nov. from Argentina. Orchestia inaequalipes (K.H. Barnard 1951) is reinstated. The type species of the genus, O. gammarellus is redescribed based on material from Fountainstown, Ireland and a neotype is established to stabilize the species. The species was originally described from a garden in Leiden, far from the sea. Its true identity is unknown and no type material exists. Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas, 1776) is shown to be a sibling species group with members in both hemispheres of the temperate Atlantic as well along the Pacific coast of South America. A hypothesis for the establishment of the current distribution of Orchestia species is presented that extends back to the Cretaceous.

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O’Connell, Michael y Karen Molloy. "Mid- and late-Holocene environmental change in western Ireland: New evidence from coastal peats and fossil timbers with particular reference to relative sea-level change". Holocene 27, n.º 12 (1 de junio de 2017): 1825–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683617708447.

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The results of radiocarbon dating and dendrochronological investigations of timbers (mainly pine and oak) preserved in coastal peats on the Atlantic coast of mid-western Ireland are reported. These are complemented by the results of pollen analytical investigations, including a detailed pollen profile from Lough Atalia, a brackish lake located within present-day Galway city and immediately to the east of the medieval town. The results from the fossil timber investigations show that pine stumps exposed on coastal intertidal peats in mid-western Ireland date mainly to ca. 3000 BC, that is, they are coeval with the so-called ‘pine flushes’ on blanket bog in western Ireland. Many of the oak timbers are considerably older while an oak on peat in Turlin Bay, near Silverstrand, persisted until ca. 2100 BC. This fossil timber record, taken in conjunction with the pollen records, suggests conditions very different to those pertaining at present, including absence of direct marine influence because of relative sea levels (RSLs) that were probably at least 2 m, and possibly up to 4 m, lower than at present. Mid-Holocene conditions were less stormy, and lower precipitation and/or higher evapotranspiration facilitated tree colonisation of peat surfaces. Intertidal peat layers at Salthill show that present-day RSL began to be approached at ca. AD 500. This agrees with the evidence from An Loch Mór, Inis Oírr, which indicates that salinity in this brackish lake began to increase noticeably at/immediately prior to ca. AD 1000. A notable feature of the pollen record from L. Atalia is a yew ( Taxus)-dominated woodland phase of ca. 600 years duration centred on 2550 BC. A major and widespread expansion of yew at about this time is a distinctive feature of mid-Holocene woodlands in western Ireland.

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Smith, Alan, Andrew Cooper, Saumitra Misra, Vishal Bharuth, Lisa Guastella y Riaan Botes. "The extant shore platform stromatolite (SPS) facies association: a glimpse into the Archean?" Biogeosciences 15, n.º 7 (13 de abril de 2018): 2189–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2189-2018.

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Abstract. Shore platform stromatolites (SPS) were first noted at Cape Morgan on the south-east African seaboard. Since then they have been found growing discontinuously in rocky peritidal zones along the entire southern African seaboard. They have also been found on the southwest Australian coast, at Giant's Causeway in Northern Ireland, and more recently at Harris on the Scottish Hebridean Atlantic coast. In this paper SPS occurrence and SPS potential as analogues for Precambrian fossil stromatolites, as well as potential stromatolite occurrences in shore platform regions on Mars, are assessed. Sub-horizontal surfaces promote stromatolite development, while tufa develops on cliffs and steep rocky surfaces. Tufa and stromatolites are end members of a spectrum dictated by coastal topography. Extant SPS occur on well indurated shore platforms in high wave energy settings, often around or near headlands. They can be associated with boulder beaches, boulder ridges, storm swash terraces, coastal dunes, and peat bogs. In contrast to other extant stromatolites, SPS are produced primarily by mineral precipitation, although minor trapping and binding stromatolites do occur. From a geological perspective, SPS develop in mildly transgressive siliciclastic settings in various climatic and tidal regimes. We suggest that SPS could be preserved in the geological record as micritic lenses on palaeo-shore platform surfaces. SPS share many features with Precambrian stromatolites and are a valid modern analogue despite the widely different atmospheric and oceanic conditions of the Archean. We suggest that terraces associated with former oceanic or lacustrine flooding surfaces on Mars are potential targets in the search for palaeo-SPS on Mars.

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Ecology. Dinoflagellates. Atlantic Coast (Ireland)"

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