Tesis: "Edible insect"

1

Lomaliza, Kanda. "An insect-food reactor for human food supply". Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22364.

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2

De, Lange HC, Averbeke W. Van y van Vuuren PJ Jansen. "Human preference for, and insect damage to, six South African wild fruits". African Entomology, 2005. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000943.

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Throughout history, harvesting of fruit from the wild has played a role in the livelihoods of people in South Africa. For the San, who lived in South Africa for thousands of years, wild fruits were a staple food during parts of the year (Fox & Norwood Young 1983). Among the Bantu people, who entered South Africa about two thousand years ago (Hammond-Tooke 1993), agriculture was the main way in which food was acquired, but they also collected food from the wild. Especially during times of hardship, when cattle herds were decimated or crops were destroyed, they relied on hunting and gathering of fruits and edible plants from the wild for survival (Shapera & Goodwin 1959; Stuart & Malcolm 1986; Bundy 1988). European people settling in South Africa learnt to use and appreciate wild fruits (van Dyk 1988). In the rural areas of the Southern African region, the utilization of wild fruits as a source of food has persisted, especially among black people (Walker 1989; Shackleton 1996; Rossiter, Pellegrin et al. 1997). There is increasing interest in the domestication and improvement of selected fruits, and their utilization as orchard crops, marula (Sclerocarya birrea subsp. caffra) being the prime example (Nerd et al.1990; Holtzhausen, Swart & van Rensburg 1990; Nerd & Mizrahi 1993; Geldenhuys 2001; Taylor 2001; Barton 2001). Research into the wild fruits of South Africa has been mainly botanical or anthropological.

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3

Šťastná, Martina. "Nutriční přínos cvrččí mouky". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401864.

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Edible insects have been part of the diet of many countries across the world for several decades. It is becoming increasingly popular in the europian developed countries, mainly because of the content of nutritionally important substances. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the characterization of edible insects in terms of nutritional benefits, explains the reasons and method of breeding edible insects. For the analysis of nutritionally active substances, flour of house cricket (Acheta domesticus) was used. A. domesticus belongs to the representatives of insects legalized from 1.1. 2018 on the EU market. Of the significantly nutritional substances, proteins, lipids, fatty acids, fiber and selected minerals were analyzed. In this study, optimalization of vertical electrophoresis SDS-PAGE was performed to determine protein fragment sizes. In the second part the influence of acricket flour addition protein bars was investigated by sensory analysis. In the experimental part that was found that cricket flour contains protein, lipids and fatty acids in significant amounts. It also contains important minerals for human health such as magnesium, potassium, iron or zinc. However, the sensory properties of protein bars for consumers were not very attractive.

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4

Johansson, Hanna y Johanna Gustafsson. "How do edible insects fly among Swedish consumers? : Exploring consumers’ evaluation of edible insects as a meat substitute". Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40182.

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Purpose: The purpose of this qualitative research paper was to explore how consumers with an environmental identity evaluate new, environmentally friendly substitutes for meat, with edible insects given as an example. Problem: An increasing number of Swedish consumers show an overall negative attitude towards consuming meat, mainly due to environmental concerns, and express this by identifying themselves as vegetarians or flexitarian. Edible insects possess the potential to become an environmentally friendly, nutritious and innovative meat substitute in Sweden. Although the demand for new environmentally friendly meat substitutes is high, the intentions of consuming edible insects are low in Western societies. This causes researchers to ask why this conflict is. Methodology: In order to fulfill the purpose and to answer the research question, a qualitative research approach was adopted. Eight semi-structured interviews were used in the empirical data collection process. The chosen target group was vegetarians and flexitarians of Generation Y, and the sample was chosen through judgmental sampling. Findings: This empirical study examines an extensive confusion and conflicted standpoints among consumers when evaluating edible insects. However, the authors examine a high willingness and positive attitude towards consuming edible insects. Five key factors that influence the evaluation of edible as a meat substitute have been identified: the animalistic qualities of insects, if insects are perceived as meat or vegetarian, if edible insects are ‘green’, proof and facts, and what product category edible insects belong to.

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5

Silow, Carl Axel. "Edible and other insects of mid-western Zambia studies in ethno-entomology /". Uppsala : Institutionen för allmän och jämförande etnografi vid Uppsala universitet, 2021. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/2440377.html.

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6

Coufalová, Eva. "Zoonotic Aspects of Edible Insects in the Czech Republic". Master's thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-257068.

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As a population in a world rises, and as conventional breeding seems to be as terrible as the worst nightmare, there appears necessity to find some of alternative sources of "meat". Yes, it's also good opportunity for vegetarians to add every essential amino acid to their diet. Entomophagy can be helpful with improving and ensuring food safety and food security, which is related with new world conception One Health and food -- borne diseases. Potential of insects can be well utilized, but only if they are farming properly, with right biosecurity plans and keeping sufficient hygiene and correct storage. Deeper we go in exploring insects and its good side, perfect nutritional value (FAO, 2010) we also strike on potentional hazards of its consumption. This work will be focused on microbiology (mainly fungi) and parasitology (nematodes) of given specimen in Indonesia, compared with Czech studies.

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7

Egan, Bronwyn Ann. "Culturally and economically significant insects in the Blouberg Region, Limpopo Province, South Africa". Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1002.

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Thesis (PhD. (Zoology)) --University of Limpopo, 2013
Edible insects have been used as a nutritious food source by mankind for millennia, but in the modern era their use in more industrialised and western countries has dwindled. In the face of concern over the global food security crisis, scientists are urging investigation into edible insects as an alternate food. This study contributes to this global initiative by investigating entomophagy in the Blouberg area of the Limpopo Province, South Africa. The research develops a database of Blouberg edible insects, documents the importance of entomophagy to the people of Blouberg and for the wider community, and investigates aspects of the biology, ecology, socio-economics and nutritional value of a key species harvested in the area. Semi-structured questionnaires were carried out between 2007 and 2008 amongst households in the vicinity of Blouberg Mountain. Nearly 91% of the households in the Blouberg area consume insects. The most important reasons cited for consuming insects are that they are a traditional food, that they taste good and that they are a free food resource. Twenty eight species of edible insects were identified to at least genus level. Education was more important than income in influencing whether or not insects were consumed in a household. Households with lower education scores were more likely to consume insects than those with mid-level education scores. However, those with low income scores consumed a greater quantity of insects than those with higher scores. Similarly, those with low education scores consumed more insects than those with higher education scores. Pasture land was the area most preferred for collecting insects, with crop lands second in importance. Natural vegetation was not a preferred collecting habitat. Most households (78.57%) believe there has been a decline in edible insect consumption in recent years. According to the Blouberg insect collectors, edible insects are also on the decline in Blouberg and most households are unhappy about this. The lepidopteran, Hemijana variegata (bophetha), which was targeted for more in depth research, was found to be univoltine in the field, with caterpillars emerging in early November. The caterpillars feed predominantly on Canthium armatum and to a lesser extent on Pyrostria hystrix. They take four weeks to develop, burrowing into the soil to overwinter as pupae to emerge as adults in late spring. The development of the moth is profoundly influenced by temperature at all life stages and ceased below 17ºC and above 35ºC. Temperatures between 23ºC and 29ºC were most favourable for growth. The food value of the bophetha caterpillars was found to be high. The protein value of traditionally prepared caterpillars is 45.5%, with carbohydrates at 11.86 mg/100 g and fat at 19.75%. The caterpillars are not as rich in vitamins as fruit or vegetables, but compare favourably with beef. Traditionally prepared bophetha were found to be contaminated by two bacteria and one fungus, none of which are dangerously pathogenic to humans. Bophetha are traded between Blouberg villages at costs equivalent to other edible insects in South Africa (R10.19 per cup). Almost one third of Blouberg inhabitants sell bophetha, with this percentage decreasing to about 10% in poor seasons. Households collect between 3 and 3.5 litres of bophetha per season. Blouberg households are of the opinion that knowledge about edible insects is important enough that it should be included in formal education as a way of ensuring that the younger generation assimilates aspects of this knowledge despite cultural changes. The results of the study emphasise the importance of natural resource use with respect to edible insects in a marginalised community.

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8

Mawere, Munyaradzi. "Forest insects, personhood and the environment: Harurwa (edible stinkbugs) and conservation in south-eastern Zimbabwe". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12842.

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This study critically examines the possibilities for the mutual, symbiotic coexistence of human beings, biological organisms (a unique species of insects), and natural forests in a specific environment, Norumedzo, in the south-eastern region of rural Zimbabwe. Based on ethnographic fieldwork undertaken in the aforementioned region between December 2011 and December 2012, the study interrogates the enlightenment modernist paradigmatic oppositions such as science versus indigenous knowledge and nature versus culture and as such forms part of a major epistemological shift in Anthropology towards rethinking the binaries created by enlightenment modern thought which have for so long served to confine anthropological attention to the social. The study advances the argument that modernist divides/binaries are artificial and impede understanding of environmentalities, especially of relationships between social ‘actors’ in any given space, given that mutual relationships and interactions between humans and other beings as well as between diverse epistemologies are an effective proxy of nurturing ‘sustainable’ conservation. The study demonstrates how some aspects of the emerging body of literature in the post-humanities and relational ontologies can work to grasp the collaborative interactional space for different social “actors” in the environment through which knowledge communities can be extended. Given that the post-humanities approach advanced in this work focuses attention on relationships among people, animals, ancestors, and things, it rethinks the enlightenment modernist division of the world into subjects and objects, that is, into humans and things. Rethinking those divisions enables fresh conversations between the [Western] sciences and other knowledge forms especially indigenous epistemologies. In this study, the rethinking of those divides is facilitated by an anthropological exploration of the social interconnectedness and mutual interdependence of rural Zimbabweans, forest insects known as edible stinkbugs (harurwa in vernacular) and the natural forests which, in fact, are critical to understanding the eco-systemic knowledges upon which livelihoods of many rural Zimbabweans are hinged.

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9

Rovai, Dominic. "Insects as a Sustainable Food Ingredient – Utilization of Carrot Pomace, Identification of Early Adopters, and Evaluation of Mealworm Acceptability". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2021. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2316.

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Insects have been proposed as a sustainable alternative to livestock to help feed the growing population. Edible insects such as mealworms require less land and resources and can utilize food by-products to grow. While insects are consumed by over 2 billion people worldwide, they are not widely accepted in developed countries like the United States because of their unfamiliarity and the perception of disgust associated with entomophagy. The objectives of this research are to 1) grow mealworms using carrot pomace and determine an optimum diet for growth and nutritional composition, 2) identify and classify early adopters of insects, and propose a product form, and 3) assess the acceptability of frozen, ready-to-cook mealworms with early adopters. A response surface design was used to evaluate the use of carrot pomace in various percentages in the substrate and as the moisture source in a mealworm growing system. Mealworms were grown under controlled conditions in a climate chamber until they began to pupate, and statistical models were fitted to predict mealworm mortality, weight, days to pupation, protein content, fat content, and moisture content. An algorithm in Design Expert was used to optimize mealworm growth based on maximizing mealworm weight and minimizing mortality and days to pupation, and the optimum diet was found to be 36% carrot pomace in the substrate with carrot pomace as the moisture source. Early adopters of insects were identified through a survey using Red Jade Sensory Software. Participants were segmented using partitioning around medoids clustering algorithm based on responses to questions on willingness to consume insects in a variety of forms. Four segments were identified: No-thank-you’s, Hideaways, Daredevils, and Peekaboo’s. Daredevils, Peekaboo’s, and Hideaways are early adopters of insects in the nonvisible form, and Daredevils and Peekaboo’s are also early adopters of insects in the visible form. Based on these insights, frozen, ready-to-cook mealworms were selected to target Daredevils and Peekaboo’s as a product to serve as a sustainable alternative to traditional livestock protein. Participants from each of the four segments were shown a video of mealworm cooking and asked their willingness to buy the product and the motivation behind their response. The majority of respondents were unwilling to buy this product, driven by unfamiliarity and the perception of disgust. However, over half of Daredevils were willing to buy the product, driven by the novelty and ease of preparation. Marketing a product towards this group may be a feasible route for entry into the market and increase the familiarity of edible insects, thereby contributing to long-term acceptability.

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10

Coutinho, José Maria Pimenta de Castro de Souza. "Insects as a legitimate food ingredient : barriers & strategies". Master's thesis, reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/26191.

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Só a simples ideia de comer insectos já é suficiente para impulsionar repulsa em relação à entomofagia. Uma categorização cultural inadequada deste hábito alimentar tem vindo a ser cultivada pelas sociedades ocidentais. As diversas abordagens sobre a divulgação de invertebrados como um legítimo hábito alimentar têm sido mal aplicadas. Os esforços educacionais não alcançaram nenhum êxito. Com o fim de enfrentar esta aversão cognitiva relativamente aos insectos é imprescindível uma mudança radical no plano estratégico. Esta pesquisa qualitativa explicativa tem como objectivo uma plena compreensão teórica, e metodologicamente sustentada, dos impulsionadores psicológicos e culturais que levam às suposições negativas da população. Ao desmistificar os preconceitos e as falsas premissas através da normalização da entomofagia eliminar-se-á a imagem nociva e incoerente de repulsa que se posiciona na mente dos ocidentais. Estratégias psico-culturais juntamente com a ciência gastronómica devem ser levadas a cabo quando este produto é introduzido num mercado onde o insecto é considerado um alimento culturalmente inaceitável.
The very idea of eating insects is the greatest booster of the revulsion feeling towards entomophagy. An inappropriate cultural categorisation of this eating habit has been cultivated by Western societies. The various approaches on promoting invertebrates as a legitimate food habit have been misapplied. Educational efforts have been made unsuccessfully. To address cognitive aversion toward insects, a complete change in the strategic plan must be established. This qualitative explanatory research aims at a full theoretical, and methodologically sustained, understanding of the psychological and cultural drivers that lead to the negative assumptions of the population. The demystification of prejudices and imaginations by promoting normalcy of entomophagy it will stamp the harmful and incoherent disgust image out of the Westerners’ psyche. This study underpins the psycho-cultural strategies along with gastronomic science that must be carried out when this product is introduced in a market where the insect is a culturally unacceptable food.

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11

Savijärvi, Riikka y Lovisa Gundersen. "Ätbara insekter - en framtida pusselbit i Sveriges livsmedelssystem? : En kvalitativ intervjustudie om involverade aktörers inställningar till införandet av ätbara insekter i Sverige". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Miljöförändring, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-165870.

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En växande global befolkning och tilltagande problem med klimatförändringar är starkt bidragande faktorer till ett ökande behov av mer hållbara och näringsrika livsmedel, varav ett livsmedelsalternativ som har presenterats är ätbara insekter. Konceptet med ätbara insekter är relativt nytt i Västvärlden och speciellt i Sverige där engagemanget inom fältet fortfarande är väldigt begränsat. För att bidra till en eventuell marknadsintroduktion av ätbara insekter har ett litet antal involverade aktörer en central roll för frågans utveckling. Därmed är syftet med denna studie att analysera hur involverade aktörer ser på marknadsintroduktion av ätbara insekter i Sverige. Syftet är även i ljuset av forskning om ätbara insekter och tidigare debatt om genmanipulerade grödor (GMO) bidra till en vidare diskussion om möjligheter för användningen av ätbara insekter i Sverige. Analysen och slutsatser från studien visar att aktörerna ser positivt på en marknadsintroduktion av ätbara insekter både som livsmedel och foder, men endast som en väldigt begränsad del av Sveriges livsmedelssystem. Utifrån aktörers syn och även tidigare forskning är det möjligt att introducera ätbara insekter på marknaden. Det finns dock även flera faktorer som kan hindra marknadsintroduktionen i Sverige. Exempelvis träder en ojämn konkurrenssituation mellan länder fram i analysen som ett möjligt hinder för införandet: en del länder som Nederländerna har kommit längre i processer i fråga om ätbara insekter, vilket kan minska motivationen hos svenska företagare och andra aktörer att utvecklas inom branschen. Orsaken till detta är diverse tolkningar av den ursprungliga förordningen för nya livsmedel (EU) No. 258/97 som innebar oklarheter angående ätbara insekter.
The climate change and the growing global population have led to a need for new, more sustainable, and nutritious sources of food. Edible insects are one of the presented alternative solutions to cope with the problem. The concept is relatively new in the Western world, especially in Sweden where the involvement in the field is limited. In order to contribute to the market introduction of edible insects, the dedication of different actors in the field has a central role in this issue. Consequently, the aim of this study is to analyse how actors involved in the edible insects network perceive the market introduction of edible insects in Sweden. The aim is also to contribute to a further discussion on possibilities for the use of edible insects in Sweden in the light of the introduction of GMOs. The analysis and the conclusions from the study show that the actors have relatively positive perceptions of a market introduction of edible insects both as food and feed, though only as a relatively limited part of the national food system. Based on the actors´ views and previous studies there are opportunities to introduce edible insects to the Swedish market. However, there are several factors that can hinder the market introduction in Sweden. For example, competition between countries has been highlighted as a possible obstacle: the original novel food regulation had led to different interpretations between countries concerning edible insects, which included differences between Western countries in possibilities to introduce insects to the market. Countries such as the Netherlands have more conducive market conditions and have already had insects on the market for several years, while in Sweden the market is still negligible, which can lead to lack of motivation to develop this branch of industry.

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12

Simonsson, Clara. "Konsumenters attityder till att äta insekter och odlat kött : En intervjustudie". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för arbets- och folkhälsovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-23624.

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Replacing meat from animals with cultured meat and edible insects might reduce the impact on climate and the environment. That said, in order to fulfill their function as a sustainable food, insects and cultured meat would need to be consumed, on a wider scale and with a real-time reduction in meat consumption. The aim of this study was to explore consumers' attitudes toward consuming insects and cultured meat, whilst gathering an understanding of what consumers, themselves, believe to be acceptable to consume in the future. Fifteen individual semi-structured interviews, of both men and women, were conducted outside a supermarket in central Sweden. Data was transcribed and analyzed thematically. The results highlight that for some respondents, insects are perceived as alien and undesirable, while cultured meat was perceived as too unnatural to be eaten; whilst others expressed both reluctance and a curiosity towards cultured meat and edible insects. Most respondents believed they will eat less meat, more vegetables and vegetarian protein in the future, and might try insects and cultured meat in hidden forms such as in sausage. The conclusion was that consumers had a mixed attitude toward eating insects and cultured meat.
Enligt FN och FAO måste matvanorna i västvärlden ändras eftersom de inte är hållbara. Jordbruket orsakar utsläpp av stora mängder växthusgaser, och köttproduktionen står för den allra största delen av dessa. Ätbara insekter och odlat kött kan vara alternativa proteinkällor till exempelvis kött, de är mer miljövänliga med avseende på koldioxidutsläpp, vattenförbrukning, markanvändning och energiåtgång. För att livsmedlen ska fylla sin funktion som hållbara proteinkällor så krävs det att de konsumeras av befolkningen. Syftet med denna studie var att studera svenska konsumenters attityder till att äta insekter och odlat kött, samt att undersöka vad konsumenterna själva tror att de kommer att äta i framtiden. Studien är kvalitativ med en fenomenologisk ansats. Data insamlades med hjälp av intervjuer. 15 personer i olika åldrar deltog i studien, varav 8 kvinnor och 7 män. Resultatet visade att det finns en blandad attityd till att äta insekter och odlat kött. Insekter upplevdes som främmande och äckligt, och odlat kött som alltför onaturligt för att ätas. Det fanns både en tveksamhet och en nyfikenhet hos respondenterna till dessa alternativa proteinkällor. Hos de som hade en positiv attityd till att äta livsmedlen uppgavs miljövinsterna som främsta anledning till att konsumera dem. Hos de som hade en negativ attityd angavs känslor av äckel som främsta anledning till att inte konsumera insekter och odlat kött. Om insekterna eller det odlade köttet var dolt såsom i korv kunde vissa respondenter tänka sig att äta. Faktorer som ett fördelaktigt pris, god tillgänglighet och att produkter baserade på odlat kött och insekter är godkända enligt livsmedelslagstiftning, påverkade respondenternas villighet att konsumera dessa. Respondenterna trodde framförallt att de kommer att äta mindre kött, mer grönsaker och mer vegetariskt protein i framtiden. Slutsatsen är att det finns både positiva och negativa attityder till att äta insekter och odlat kött. Viljan att konsumera produkter baserade på dessa livsmedel verkar öka om livsmedlet är dolt, såsom i korv. Detta gäller både för insekter och odlat kött.

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Coutinho, José Maria Pimenta de Castro de Souza. "Insects as a legitimate food ingredient : barriers & strategies". reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/18720.

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Só a simples ideia de comer insectos já é suficiente para impulsionar repulsa em relação à entomofagia. Uma categorização cultural inadequada deste hábito alimentar tem vindo a ser cultivada pelas sociedades ocidentais. As diversas abordagens sobre a divulgação de invertebrados como um legítimo hábito alimentar têm sido mal aplicadas. Os esforços educacionais não alcançaram nenhum êxito. Com o fim de enfrentar esta aversão cognitiva relativamente aos insectos é imprescindível uma mudança radical no plano estratégico. Esta pesquisa qualitativa explicativa tem como objectivo uma plena compreensão teórica, e metodologicamente sustentada, dos impulsionadores psicológicos e culturais que levam às suposições negativas da população. Ao desmistificar os preconceitos e as falsas premissas através da normalização da entomofagia eliminar-se-á a imagem nociva e incoerente de repulsa que se posiciona na mente dos ocidentais. Estratégias psico-culturais juntamente com a ciência gastronómica devem ser levadas a cabo quando este produto é introduzido num mercado onde o insecto é considerado um alimento culturalmente inaceitável.
The very idea of eating insects is the greatest booster of the revulsion feeling towards entomophagy. An inappropriate cultural categorisation of this eating habit has been cultivated by Western societies. The various approaches on promoting invertebrates as a legitimate food habit have been misapplied. Educational efforts have been made unsuccessfully. To address cognitive aversion toward insects, a complete change in the strategic plan must be established. This qualitative explanatory research aims at a full theoretical, and methodologically sustained, understanding of the psychological and cultural drivers that lead to the negative assumptions of the population. The demystification of prejudices and imaginations by promoting normalcy of entomophagy it will stamp the harmful and incoherent disgust image out of the Westerners’ psyche. This study underpins the psycho-cultural strategies along with gastronomic science that must be carried out when this product is introduced in a market where the insect is a culturally unacceptable food.

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14

Andersson, Carl-Philip. "What influences the Swedish opinions on entomophagy". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-97144.

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This study is an introduction of the learning of key aspects affecting Swedish people’s acceptance of edible insects, in Växjö and Gothenburg. The study aims to assess the attitudes of people towards edible insects. Public general knowledge about edible insects as well as their perception about benefits that comes with insects is explored. This study tries to contribute to the introduction of edible insects and to get a deeper understanding of how you can influence people’s attitude toward insects. To understand the Swedish acceptance of edible insects this study makes use of the Theory of Planned Behaviour, which is a theory that tries to predict behaviour based on attitude, social pressure, and perceived control over the action. By studying these three categories and the addition if it is morally right or wrong to consume insects, the paper tries to identify what influences the perception to improve it long-term. To get an in-depth understanding of the categories affecting behaviour and perception, this study will make use of semi-instructed interviews. The study will establish three criteria for sampling, gender, age, and education and aims to collect adequate information by using snowball sampling.

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15

Masár, Martin. "Zpracování vybraných druhů jedlého hmyzu pro potravinářské účely". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-449738.

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Táto diplomová práca je zameraná na nutričné zhodnotenie vybraných práškov hmyzu zo svrčkov domových, z lariev múčiara obyčajného a potemníka stajňového a jedného potravinového produktu na báze hmyzu, ktorý bol tiež vyvinutý ako jeden z cieľov tejto práce. Okrem základných nutričných analýz boli použité aj ICP-OES pre zistenie obsahu minerálov a GC-FID pre zistenie zloženia mastných kyselín. Tiež bol stanovený obsah hrubej bielkoviny pomocou CHNSO analyzátora a stanovený obsah EAA. Pomocou PCA analýzy sa úspešne podarilo rozlíšiť vzorky jednotlivých hmyzích práškov, ktoré potvrdili rozmanitosť jednotlivých druhov hmyzu a vďaka projekcii do roviny hlavných komponent je možné vidieť, v ktorých nutričných parametroch sa najviac líšia. Bola tiež vykonaná senzorická analýza novo vyvinutého produktu na báze hmyzu s prídavkom prášku z potemníka stajňového v porovnaní s konkurenčnými produktmu. Súčasťou práce je aj rozsiahly spotrebiteľský prieskum na vzorke 2 019 účastníkov, týkajúci sa vnímania entomofágie v Českej republike a na Slovensku, ktorý sa uskutočnil online.

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Caputo, Gennaro. "Il degrado delle strutture in legno". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/11204/.

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Pham, Mai Quynh. "Estimation of a longan stink bug, Tessaratoma papillosa in Son La Province, Vietnam". Technische Universität Dresden, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A32485.

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Many insects are considered as potential sources of food for humans because of their high content of protein, fat, minerals and vitamins. Tessaratoma papillosa Drury, a stink bug of longan tree has long been consumed by many people in Vietnam as a supplemental source of nutrition. This insect is one of the most severe pests of longan tree. The use of this insect as supplementary nutrient could actively reduce the pests on longans, contributing to increase productivity and quality of longan fruit. The aim of this paper is to estimate the volume of mature and young Tessaratoma papillosa on longan trees in Son La Province, Vietnam.
Nhiều loài côn trùng được coi là nguồn thực phẩm tiềm năng của con người vì chúng có chứa hàm lượng cao protein, chất béo, chất khoáng và vitamin. Loài bọ xít nhãn Tessaratoma papillosa Drury, từ lâu đã được nhiều người dân ở Việt Nam sử dụng như là một nguồn thực phẩm bổ sung dinh dưỡng. Loài bọ xít nhãn là một trong những loài gây hại nghiêm trọng nhất đối với cây nhãn. Việc sử dụng loài côn trùng này không những bổ sung chất dinh dưỡng cho con người mà còn góp phần chủ động giảm loài sâu hại trên nhãn, góp phần tăng năng suất và chất lượng trái cây nhãn. Mục đích của bài viết này là để ước tính khối lượng trưởng thành và ấu trùng loài Tessaratoma papillosa trên cây nhãn ở tỉnh Sơn La, Việt Nam.

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(9739430), Felicia G. Hall. "BIOACTIVE AND ALLERGENIC PROPERTIES OF EDIBLE CRICKET (GRYLLODES SIGILLATUS) PEPTIDES". Thesis, 2020.

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and their risk factors remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in North America. Food-derived bioactive peptides (BAP) have been shown to play a role in regulating physiological pathways of CVD risk factors including hypertension, diabetes, and chronic inflammation. Common sources of BAP include dairy and plant proteins. In addition to being an alternative protein source, it is now accepted that edible insect proteins can also confer health benefits beyond nutrition. However, as with any novel protein source, allergenicity remains a major concern surrounding edible insect consumption.

This dissertation aimed to: 1) Evaluate the bioactive potential of peptides from an edible cricket species and; 2) determine the effects of BAP production methods on immunoreactivity. First, peptide-rich extracts were generated from farmed food-grade crickets via enzymatic hydrolysis techniques with the commercial protease Alcalase™. To measure the in vitro bioavailability, cricket peptides were also subject to simulated gastrointestinal digestion (SGD). Peptides and their digests were tested for relevant bioactivities and active groups were further fractionated by chromatographic methods to identify the major peptides responsible for the bioactivity. When tested for in vitro antihypertensive and anti-glycemic properties, cricket peptides were found to inhibit the activities of angiotensin converting enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase-4, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase. The anti-inflammatory potential was expounded using RAW-264.7 macrophages and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Cricket peptides (after SGD) effectively lowered NF-κB, MCP-1, and IL-6 production in cells without affecting their viability. Proteomic analyses identified 18 sequences from the enriched cationic peptide fraction that showed the highest activity. Three novel peptides were identified via molecular docking, as potent ACE-inhibitors and binding was similar to that of the commercial drug captopril. Key binding characteristics included interaction with hydrophobic amino acids (Phe, Pro, Leu) near the C-terminal position and coordination with Zn (II) ions near the ACE active site.

Immunological reactivity was measured by IgE-binding from shrimp-allergenic patient sera to antigens present within cricket peptides. Our studies demonstrate that immunoreactivity was impacted by enzymatic hydrolysis, depending on the conditions and heating source used. Tropomyosin (a major shrimp allergen) was extracted from both untreated crickets and protein hydrolysates, and verified as the major reactive protein. Tropomyosin reactivity decreased (under both partial and extensive hydrolysis) or retained (under conditions which prevented epitope cleavage). However, using microwave-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis was effective at decreasing tropomyosin reactivity in all immunoassays tested (IgG and IgE). Proteomic and immunoinformatic analyses revealed prominent allergen binding regions of cricket tropomyosin available for cleavage during enzymatic hydrolysis. Conserved antigen regions showed greater homology with other crustacean species, but not with other well studied allergenic insect proteins (i.e., cockroach). Lastly, LC-MS/MS and FT-Raman spectrometry suggests that reactivity was affected due to distinct epitope cleavage within the protein instead of decreased antigen extractability/solubility.

The findings of this dissertation support that edible cricket proteins are a potential source of bioactive peptides for functional food or nutraceutical development. Additionally, using protein extraction methods such as microwave-assisted hydrolysis seems a promising tool for minimizing the immunoreactivity of the allergen present in this edible cricket species.

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Moore, Alexander Jackson. "African fungus-growing termites and other insects for human and poultry nutrition". Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4531.

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Food insecurity can contribute to the advancement of diseases such as growth stunting and HIV/AIDS. A holistic approach to addressing food insecurity includes reviewing local resources; including indigenous food stuffs. Six studies investigate the potential of insect nutrition to meet dietary needs in rural South Africa. A novel trapping method for Trinervitermes sp. is examined by parameters of time, sustainability and bait used. Local grass (Themeda triandra Forssk.) seemed to be the most effective bait, being significantly more attractive than loose mound soil (p=0.01), wet maize stalks (p=0.01) or cardboard (p=0.05). The trapping device was demonstrated as an effective tool in assessing the feeding preferences of Trinervitermes sp., which compete directly with cattle for grazing food resources. The chemical composition of Macrotermes natalensis alates (winged, wingless and fried), soldiers, and Odontotermes sp. alates (wingless) was determined. Alates were rich in fat, ranging between 49.2-60.6% (dry matter basis). The protein content ofM natalensis and Odontotermes sp. alates compared favourably to pork and chicken. Alates were high in glutamic, aspartic and alanine amino acids and low in methionine, serine and threonine. Amino acid digestion for broiler chickens was high, ranging between 87.6-96.1%. In an era where rural and urban cultures are rapidly merging, entomophagy may be discarded as an embarrassment or nonsensical practice. The high nutritional content of M natalensis and Odontotermes sp. should be publicised both to increase the awareness of their high quality as a food source for both poultry and human consumption and to avoid the abandonment of cultural practices that make sense.
Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2004.

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Soares, Alexandra. "Determinantes da aceitação do consumo de pão suplementado com adição de proteína proveniente de farinha de insetos". Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.2/8028.

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A FAO considera que os insetos como alimento humano e animal, devem ser considerados como uma fonte alimentar alternativa e pertinente, devido a fortes pressões ambientais, rápido crescimento populacional, insegurança alimentar, e procura crescente de proteína animal, atualmente existente. Nos países ocidentais a aceitação de insetos edíveis é considerada muito baixa, devido a fatores como neofobia, nojo, e ser considerado como algo invulgar. O principal objetivo deste estudo foi a avaliação dos determinantes da aceitação do consumo de pão, suplementado com proteína de inseto. Foi realizado um inquérito online a consumidores regulares de pão, e concluiu-se que a neofobia alimentar apresenta uma forte correlação com a escala de nojo, sendo a neofobia a mais indicativa e que influencia mais os resultados obtidos. Através da aplicação de um modelo de regressão logística binária às respostas obtidas, concluiu-se que que o melhor preditor de aceitação do consumo de pão com incorporação de proteína de insetos, é a própria disponibilidade para consumir insetos. Outro preditor é o género, pois o sexo masculino apresenta uma aceitação superior de experimentação, assim como quem consome variedades especiais de pão.
FAO considers that insects as human and animal food should be considered as and alternative and relevant food source due to strong environmental pressures, fast population growth, food insecurity and growing demand for animal demand, that currently exists. In Western countries acceptance of edible insects is considered very low, due to factors like neophobia, disgust and being considered very unsual. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the determinants of bread consumption acceptance supplemented with insect protein. An online survey was conducted on regular consumers of bread, and it was concluded that food neophobia has a strong correlation with the disgust scale, and neophobia is the most indicative and influencing the results obtained. Through the application of a binary logistic regression model to the responses obtained, it was concluded that the best predictor of acceptance of bread with incorporation of protein insects, is the availability to consume insects. Another predictor is gender, because males presents a superior acceptance of experimentation, as well who consumes special varieties of bread.

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Oppong, Beatrice Bosompemaa. "Mopane worms and household food security in the Limpopo Province, South Africa". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/11380.

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The main objective of this study is to examine the potential contribution of households’ involvement in mopane worm activities (harvesting, commercialisation and consumption) to households’ food security in the Mopani District of the Limpopo Province. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire from a stratified sample of 120 households, 60 of which are mopane worm harvesters. The Binary Logit Model was used to determine households’ socio-economic factors affecting participation in mopane worm harvesting. The results revealed that gender of the household head, age of the respondent, households’ size and the level of income per month increases the probability of households participating in mopane worm harvesting whilst distance to the market and food expenditure as well as religion (belonging to the Zion Christian Church) decreased the probability of being mopane worm harvester. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) model was used to identify households’ socio-economic factors that determine the rate of commercialisation of mopane worms within harvesting households. 53 percent of the households commercialized their harvest. The model identified that gender, harvesting experience and income from mopane worm sales are the main factors determining commercialisation within harvesting households. The Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) was used to determine household food security status. The result revealed that about 20 percent of the harvesters were food secure, while 80 percent where food insecure. In addition, about 12 percent of the non-harvesters were food secured. An OLS model was also used to examine the impact of mopane worms in the food security status of the households in the Limpopo Province. The results revealed that age, education level of a household head, level of income, income from mopane worm sales and frequency of consuming mopane worm/day improve the food security status of households whilst households’ size and the distance to the market worsens the food security status of the households. The study found that about 48 to 60 percent of the households to be adopting less pervasive strategies like asking neighbours/family relatives for help, borrowing money for food and selling mopane worms for cash to protect their food consumption and over 70 percent adopted strategies like reducing food intake, portion size and eating less preferred food were adopted to modify their food consumption. The findings indicated that policy priorities should be focused on the promotion of harvesters associations for collective marketing and creating an enabling environment for sustainable harvesting and commercialisation.
M. Sc. Agric. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg 2013.

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Nethanani, Zwannda. "Understanding spatial structuring and the role of domestication in the development of sustainable harvest techniques of Mopane worms (Gonimbrasia belina)". Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1447.

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MSc (Zoology)
Department of Zoology
Mopane worm (Gonimbrasia belina Westwood) is an indigenous edible insect that periodically has population eruptions in Mopane tree (Colosphermum mopane) dominated vegetation. This insect is a valuable source of food and has become an economic commodity for commercial harvesters. Despite its importance, little is known of the population dynamics of mopane worm. Considerable attention has been paid to the nutritional and social dimensions of mopane worm consumption. However, anecdotal evidence suggests there is a decline in the spatial extent of their distribution due to unsustainable utilization, land transformation, and commercialization. This is paralleled with a decrease of harvest yield, thereby affecting local communities, commercial harvesting operations, and market product availability. Partial domestication of this species may be a way of ensuring sustainable and reliable utilization of this edible insect because it improves natural survival rates. Here I explore mopane worm ecology by mainly focusing on understanding spatial structuring and the role of domestication in the development of sustainable harvest techniques of Mopane worms (G. belina). Spatial structuring of mopane worms was investigated at both a fine (10m x 10m) and medium-scale (1 km2) at sites with and without commercial harvesting. Mopane worm populations were experimentally treated through transplant experiments and manipulating access of predators to 1st – 3rd instar larvae. The role of tree characteristics (height, canopy volume and number of stems) on both spatial and experimental treatments were explored using generalized linear mixed models. Moran’s Eigenvector Maps (MEM’s) were used to represent spatial structures at various scales and the role of soil. Relative to control, seeding of worms was successful in establishing new populations in unoccupied areas while transplant and application of sleeve nets had no significant effect on larval survival. Populations at sites where no harvesting takes place were spatially structured, while this was not true where commercial harvesting takes place. Canopy volume also accounted for egg packets distribution although the relationship was ambiguous. The density of larvae increased with an increase in sodium concentration in soil. Seeding of the population provides a viable option for the sustainable utilization of mopane worms and educating people on how to domesticate mopane worms. This study also highlights that populations of mopane worms are not only clumped in time but also in space and at various spatial scales.
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Tesis sobre el tema "Edible insect"

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