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Soc, Andrija. "Rationality, values, and voting: Deliberative democracy and deliberative education". Theoria, Beograd 59, n.º 3 (2016): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/theo1603081s.
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This paper has four parts.1 In the first, I discuss criteria for determining whether outcomes of individual and social choice are relevant. I examine the criteria listed in Arrow?s theorem and how they pertain to Arrow?s conclusion that there are no rational outcomes of social choice. In the second part, I discuss values that democratic institutions ought to embody. I try to show that the procedural system of voting does not always embody such values. I then examine differences between procedural and deliberative democracy, the latter being proposed as a potential resolution for the problem of irrationality of social choice. As empirical research shows, however, the level of deliberation is still fairly low. Because the success of deliberative democracy lies in its efficient implementation, in the fourth part of the paper I argue that the best route toward implementing it is not in discussing how deliberative process ought to work, but in developing deliberative education programme.
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Saha, Lawrence J. "Do Private Schools in Australia Produce More Active Citizens?" Educational Practice and Theory 43, n.º 1 (1 de mayo de 2021): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7459/ept/43.1.02.
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The focus of this paper is whether type of Australian school attended makes a difference in student engagement in political and civic culture. Recently private schools have been said to “undermine cohesion” in Australian society. Similarly, it was argued over two decade ago that Australian private schools have skimmed the elite students from the government sector and now “impart to their pupils values and preferences of the culture from which they are drawn”, namely the dominant culture. Using data from the Youth Electoral Study (YES) survey, this analysis examines whether Australian students in government, Catholic and Independent schools differ in six political domains: voting commitment, positive attitude toward voting, political knowledge, political activism, political trust and civic volunteer behaviour. At the bivariate level, students in private schools generally show higher levels of political engagement compared to students in government schools in all domains. However, when family and school variables are controlled, the differences between these students in voting commitment, political knowledge and volunteer behaviour disappear. However students in Catholic schools show significantly higher levels in positive attitude toward voting and political activism. The effects of Independent schools disappear for five political domains but a significantly high level of political trust remains. Explanations for these patterns of outcomes are put forward, and directions for future research are explored.
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Gainous, Jason y Allison M. Martens. "The Effectiveness of Civic Education". American Politics Research 40, n.º 2 (8 de noviembre de 2011): 232–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532673x11419492.
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Past research has explored the effectiveness of civic education in America’s classrooms. We build on these efforts using a survey of American students to test whether civics instruction enhances students’ political knowledge, political efficacy, and their voting intent. We refer to these outcomes, collectively, as democratic capacity. Recognizing that not all classroom experiences are created equal, we break new ground by exploring the degree to which the effectiveness of civic education is conditioned on variation in instructional methods employed by teachers. We also examine how variation in students’ home environment affects the effectiveness of civic education. The results suggest that civic education seems to influence democratic capacity only for those students who come from less privileged backgrounds and that teachers who use a wider range of instructional methods appear to deter the stimulation of knowledge for these students while simultaneously boosting their efficacy. We discuss the implications of these findings.
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Ayimoro, Oluwatoyin Dorcas. "Voter Education on Radio as Determinant of Voting Pattern of Indigenous Elderly Women in Akoko Land, Ondo State, Nigeria". American International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences 1, n.º 2 (8 de diciembre de 2019): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.46545/aijhass.v1i2.127.
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Indigenous Nigerian society respect and believe so much in her elderly. Males and female elderly are transmitters of traditional norms and values in a sustainable manner in each community. As such, they are the sage and kingmakers appointing, decision makers through careful and flawless selection from character check overtime, delving into family history and divination of the traditional oracle. After coronation, such leaders are never corrupt; they live up to expectation by promoting the wellbeing of the masses. However, this practice has been eroded by colonization and westernization for a democratic way of appointing leaders through voting; as such countries design voter education for her citizenry. This study thus examined voter education as a determinant of voting pattern of indigenous elderly women in Akoko land through these research questions: (i) what is the demographic characteristics of the elderly women in the study area? (ii) What kind of voter education programmes is available on the selected radio stations? (iii) What is the level of participation of the women on the programme on radio? (iv) To what extent has the women benefited from their participation in voter education programme on radio? (v) How has the voter education received influenced the voting pattern of the women? The study adopted the descriptive survey research through multi stage sampling technique by purposively selecting sixty indigenous elderly women from areas of the four Local Government ( Okorun, Ese, Agbaluku, Iwaro-Oka, Supare, Oba, Erusu, Okeagbe. Findings of the study showed that voter education in the study area impacted minimally on the respondents resulting in their skewed knowledge and voting pattern (Grand mean 2.71+2.46+2.19+2.13=116.9/4=29.2). It is recommended among others that voter education should include indigenous education, a larger coverage and quality.
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MEIER, KENNETH J. y AMANDA RUTHERFORD. "Partisanship, Structure, and Representation: The Puzzle of African American Education Politics". American Political Science Review 108, n.º 2 (10 de abril de 2014): 265–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055414000148.
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The 1982 amendments to the Voting Rights Act targeted electoral structures as significant determinants of minority representation. The research regarding electoral structures and representation of constituents, however, has produced conflicting results, and the continued application of some of the provisions set forth in the Voting Rights Act is in doubt. This article addresses the impact of at-large elections on African American representation and reveals a striking and unanticipated finding: African Americans are now overrepresented on school boards that have at-large elections when African Americans are a minority of the population. Using the 1,800 largest school districts in the United States (based on original surveys conducted in 2001, 2004, and 2008), we find that partisanship changes the relationship between electoral structures and race to benefit African American representation.
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Friel, Valerie y Cathy Fagan. "Citizenship: A Challenge to Teacher Education". Citizenship, Social and Economics Education 3, n.º 1 (marzo de 1998): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/csee.1998.3.1.17.
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This paper considers issues of democracy and citizenship firstly as they can be historically situated as part of ‘Scottish consciousness’. Whilst recognising Scotland's membership of the unitary state which currently characterises the United Kingdom, it goes on to point up more recent divergences in relation to the political, social and economic contexts of education in Scotland. The course process within which the research was pursued is outlined, and the salient features described. It is argued that in terms of reported behaviour in relation to a range of indices, for example voting behaviour and factual knowledge of policy processes and the machinery of government, the cohort described might legitimately be considered as less than active citizens, and to that extent dubious educators of young citizens. However, a more process oriented approach revealed more hopeful findings at the level of principle and values. Differences in the citizenship debate as between Scotland and England are noted, and implications of the research for teacher education and citizenship education in Scotland are suggested.
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Kroshus, Emily, Kenneth L. Cameron, J. Douglas Coatsworth, Christopher D'Lauro, Eungjae Kim, Katherine Lee, Johna K. Register-Mihalik et al. "Improving concussion education: consensus from the NCAA-Department of Defense Mind Matters Research & Education Grand Challenge". British Journal of Sports Medicine 54, n.º 22 (10 de septiembre de 2020): 1314–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-102185.
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Early disclosure of possible concussive symptoms has the potential to improve concussion-related clinical outcomes. The objective of the present consensus process was to provide useful and feasible recommendations for collegiate athletic departments and military service academy leaders about how to increase concussion symptom disclosure in their setting. Consensus was obtained using a modified Delphi process. Participants in the consensus process were grant awardees from the National Collegiate Athletic Association and Department of Defense Mind Matters Research & Education Grand Challenge and a multidisciplinary group of stakeholders from collegiate athletics and military service academies. The process included a combination of in-person meetings and anonymous online voting on iteratively modified recommendations for approaches to improve concussion symptom disclosure. Recommendations were rated in terms of their utility and feasibility in collegiate athletic and military service academy settings with a priori thresholds for retaining, discarding and revising statements. A total of 17 recommendations met thresholds for utility and feasibility and are grouped for discussion in five domains: (1) content of concussion education for athletes and military service academy cadets, (2) dissemination and implementation of concussion education for athletes and military service academy cadets, (3) other stakeholder concussion education, (4) team and unit-level processes and (5) organisational processes. Collectively, these recommendations provide a path forward for athletics departments and military service academies in terms of the behavioural health supports and institutional processes that are needed to increase early and honest disclosure of concussion symptoms and ultimately to improve clinical care outcomes.
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Nwankwo, Cletus Famous. "Determinants of voter turnout in Nsukka Council of Enugu State, South Eastern Nigeria". Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 45, n.º 45 (22 de septiembre de 2019): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2019-0027.
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AbstractVoting is becoming of significance in Nigeria, as in many other countries in Africa. Although Nigerian electoral politics has attracted full attention from scholars, there is little research on the factors that determine voter turnout in the country at the local level, especially the South-East geopolitical zone (GPZ). This paper is a stepwise logistic regression analysis of the determinants of voting in Nsukka council in Enugu State, South-East GPZ of Nigeria. The results show that age (0.230), education (0.532), marital status (1.355), political trust (1.309) and partisanship (˗0.570) are significant predictors of voter turnout. The effect of age, education, marital status and political trust on voting is positive and statistically significant, but partisanship has a statistically significant negative relationship with voting (p<0.01). The paper highlights the importance of local level geographical differentials in the factors influencing voting in Nigeria.
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Handlin, Samuel. "Survey Research and Social Class in Venezuela: Evaluating Alternative Measures and Their Impact on Assessments of Class Voting". Latin American Politics and Society 55, n.º 1 (2013): 141–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2013.00187.x.
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AbstractThe ascendance of the left in Latin America has sparked new interest in the politicization of social class. What factors should scholars consider in choosing and constructing measures of social class in survey research? To what degree can measurement affect results? This article evaluates several common measures in terms of validity and reliability. It then shows that alternative measures produce strikingly different results when examining class voting in Venezuela’s 2006 presidential election. Simple measures of household income or wealth, which fare poorly in validity assessment, suggest minimal levels of class voting. Various socioeconomic scales that also incorporate data on education and, in some cases, weights for household composition, suggest very high levels of class voting. The article provides guidelines for evaluating measures and illuminates the debate on class voting in Venezuela. Scholars have reached contradictory conclusions while using different measures, but the decisive role of measurement has gone unrecognized.
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Silver, Brian D., Barbara A. Anderson y Paul R. Abramson. "Who Overreports Voting?" American Political Science Review 80, n.º 2 (junio de 1986): 613–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1958277.
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The effects of respondent characteristics with regard to the propensity of nonvoters to report that they voted are examined by analyzing the vote validation studies conducted by the University of Michigan Survey Research Center in 1964, 1976, and 1980. Previous research has suggested that vote overreporting derives from the respondent's wish to appear to engage in socially desirable behavior. This earlier research suggests that the only respondent characteristic that is strongly related to overreporting is race; measures of socioeconomic status and of general political attitudes are said to be at most weakly related to the tendency to exaggerate voting. These earlier conclusions are incorrect. We measure the extent of overreporting for the population “at risk” of overreporting voting: those who did not actually vote. Respondents most inclined to overreport their voting are those who are highly educated, those most supportive of the regime norm of voting, and those to whom the norm of voting is most salient—the same characteristics that are related to the probability that a person actually votes. Blacks are only slightly more likely to overreport voting than whites. The pattern of relations between education and vote overreporting is opposite what would be found if those who falsely reported voting fit the typical image of the uneducated, uninvolved, “acquiescent” respondent who is concerned primarily with pleasing the interviewer.
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Agran, Martin, William E. MacLean y Katherine Anne Kitchen Andren. "“My Voice Counts, Too”: Voting Participation Among Individuals With Intellectual Disability". Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 54, n.º 4 (1 de agosto de 2016): 285–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-54.4.285.
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Abstract Despite a strong societal commitment to ensuring that individuals with intellectual disability (ID) fully participate in their communities, few people with ID vote. Little is known about voting experiences from the perspective of people with ID. In-person, semistructured interviews were conducted with 28 adults with ID (Mage = 37 years) to obtain their input on voting. Constant comparison and content analysis methods were used to characterize themes. Results indicated that people with ID are interested in voting and desire to be included in the voting process yet receive little education on political issues or on how to make voting-related decisions. Support from family or service providers and self-advocacy facilitated their ability to vote. Implications of these findings and recommendations for future research are discussed.
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Richards, Meredith P. "Gerrymandering educational opportunity". Phi Delta Kappan 99, n.º 3 (23 de octubre de 2017): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031721717739597.
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Gerrymandering is known best as a tool to manipulate boundaries for voting districts, but school districts have long used the same tool to manipulate school boundaries. The author used geospatial techniques — mapping various kinds of demographic data onto school boundaries — to examine public school attendance zones and their effect on students. The author’s research yielded several key insights. Like congressional districts, school zones are highly gerrymandered; the gerrymandering of school zones serves to worsen the already severe racial segregation of public schools, but affirmative gerrymandering can effectively increase diversity and reduce racial segregation.
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Sheikh, Rashidul Islam. "Analysis of the Determinants of Public Education Expenditures in Bangladesh". Journal of Public Administration and Governance 9, n.º 3 (10 de septiembre de 2019): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v9i3.15419.
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This study based on the well-known theories of public policy analysis, economics, as well as public finance through empirically exploring and examining the determinants of public expenditure on education in Bangladesh. It is postulated, for the purpose of the research that education expenditures are determined by multidimensional factors. Economic-demographic, decision-making, political, and new institutionalism theories are therefore been studied, along with the concept of education. This research identified as well as computed education expenditure by types along with levels of education as per the distribution of government budget and the education system of Bangladesh. The results disclosed that education financing policy in Bangladesh is primarily determined by the previous year’s expenditures. Indirect tax also increased the total education expenditure as percentage of GDP. This is what in line of incrementalism theory and fiscal illusion or voting bias model suggests, respectively. Furthermore, total populations and government effectiveness has the positive impact of types as well as levels of education expenditures; implying that government of Bangladesh taken under consideration only certain factors and neglects to incorporate the importance of economic, governance and educational determinants while allocating education expenditures.
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Hambali, Hambali, Hariyanti Hariyanti y Ahmad Eddison. "The model of voter education of women-based democracy volunteers". Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan 18, n.º 1 (1 de abril de 2021): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jc.v18i1.33224.
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This study aimed at describing the model of voter education of women-based democracy volunteers in Pekanbaru City and Dumai City. Democracy volunteers are partners in the General Election Commission, who deliver electoral information to the public. The voter education model consists of the strategies used, the material delivered, the methods used to provide knowledge, raise awareness, and increase women voters' political participation. This research employed a qualitative approach with descriptive methods—the informants in this research selected through a non-probability sampling method with a purposive sampling technique. The data validity testing technique used triangulation of data sources. The research findings show that (1) the strategy used was the mapping of target communities and personal communication with community administrators; (2) the material presented included voter requirements, the number of candidates in the 2019 simultaneous elections in Pekanbaru City and Dumai City, introduction of ballot papers, and procedures for voting; (3) the method used was lectures using props in the form of ballots. The female voter is strategic, seeing from the quantity and regulation in Indonesia.
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Hasan, Widya, Asmawi Asmawi y Najmuddin Rasul. "KOMUNIKASI BUDAYA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PARTISIPASI PEMILIH DI KOTA PARIAMAN". Jurnal Antropologi: Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya 20, n.º 2 (2 de enero de 2019): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jantro.v20.n2.p179-189.2018.
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Downward trend voter participation in the election of the Governor and Deputy Governor of West Sumatra Province in Kota Pariaman needs special attention, because percentage of voters who use votes at polling stations is still a benchmark for the amount of public trust in the elected regional heads through the election mechanism. Therefore is needed communication pattern that can provide understanding and educating the public about the importance of exercising voting rights during elections. Like a pattern of socialization that puts forward a cultural approach (Local Wisdom) that can inspire people to use their voting rights at TPS. This research method is descriptive qualitative that aims to understand and interpretation the meaning of events, interactions and human behavior through communication with cultural approaches. That form of 'Ciloteh Lapau' which is one of the media for election socialization and education to increase voter participation in Kota Pariaman.
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Agran, Martin, Fred Spooner y Colleen Robertson. "Ensuring Quality Education to Promote Transition: A Summary of Existing Studies". Inclusion 6, n.º 4 (1 de diciembre de 2018): 258–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/2326-6988-6.4.258.
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Abstract The American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD) hosted the National Goals in Research, Policy, and Practice working meeting in August, 2015, to identify key national policies, priorities, and practices to serve and support students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) at the secondary level. The purpose of this article is to extend the discussion of several topics discussed at the meeting and suggest future research areas in the areas of: academic instruction; social skills training; balancing/aligning academic, functional, and transition education skills; importance of health and safety skills; extending common core standards to include functional and transition skills; teaching and realizing self-determination skills; preparing students with IDD for postsecondary educational opportunities; weighing the respective benefits of inclusive and community-based instructional activities; and promoting citizenship (teaching voting skills). To ensure quality secondary-level programs for students with IDD, the authors recommend that the above content areas be considered.
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Pogodzinski, Ben, Sarah Winchell Lenhoff y Michael Addonizio. "The Relationship Between Open Enrollment and School Bond Voting". Educational Administration Quarterly 55, n.º 3 (29 de octubre de 2018): 510–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013161x18809343.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify an association between student mobility through open enrollment and voter support for school bond proposals. Specifically, we hypothesized that higher percentages of nonresident enrollment in a school district and resident exit from a district would be associated with lower levels of voter support for bond proposals. Data Collection and Analysis: We utilized publicly available data on bond proposals placed on ballots between 2009 and 2015, publicly available data from the State of Michigan for information on percentages of nonresident enrollment and resident exit, and publicly available data from the U.S. Census Bureau for data on district resident characteristics. Regression analysis was used to identify associations between nonresident enrollment and resident exit with the percentage of “yes” votes on school bond proposals controlling for community and resident characteristics. Findings: We failed to reject the null hypotheses, finding no statistically significant association between nonresident enrollment and resident exit and average voter support for school bond proposals, ceteris paribus. Implications for Research/Practice: We laid some groundwork for reconceptualizing the relationship between open enrollment policies and communities’ willingness to support local public schools. This has potential implications for both local- and state-level policies regarding enrollment issues and issues of school finance. As local boards continue to struggle with budget shortfalls and mounting capital needs, they may need to further weigh their own communities’ interest in supporting local public schools in the wake of increased student mobility in and out of districts.
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King, Samuel Olugbenga. "INVESTIGATING THE MOST NEGLECTED STUDENT LEARNING DOMAIN IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A CASE STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON STUDENT BEHAVIOUR AND EMOTIONS IN UNIVERSITY MATHEMATICS LEARNING". Problems of Education in the 21st Century 72, n.º 1 (25 de agosto de 2016): 31–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/16.72.31.
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Do students’ emotions and behaviours influence their learning in mathematics classes, and if yes, how and why? Based on a qualitative research design, evidence on how the use of Electronic Voting Systems (EVS) has influenced students’ emotional and behavioural engagement with university mathematics learning is presented. The results show that the use of EVS enables students to diagnose their level of understanding of learning material, relative to the rest of the class. EVS use also helps, in real time, to stimulate, maintain, and re-focus student attention during mathematics instruction. A favourable perception of the learning environment as being altruistic appears to have influenced students to emotionally identify and align themselves with mathematics learning goals. There is enhanced interactivity in EVS-facilitated lectures, including positive student competitiveness, while the EVS anonymity utility also enhances increased student participation rates. However, a major disincentive to student engagement is the use of EVS-based mathematics questions with low cognitive demand. This research is a contribution to how specific educational technology-based interventions influence student engagement. Key words: emotional/behavioural engagement, digital natives, EVS/Clickers, engineering mathematics.
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Leary, Sam y Andy Ness. "Teaching research methods to undergraduate dental students". Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice 18, n.º 2 (1 de abril de 2021): 94–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.53761/1.18.1.7.
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The provision of undergraduate statistics teaching varies across UK dental schools, but some challenges are faced in all schools. These include the need to (i) demonstrate the relevance of statistics to dentistry, (ii) address the phenomenon of statistical anxiety likely to be experienced, and (iii) deliver the teaching with a limited number of statistically trained staff. Our objective was to design a research methods course that combined epidemiology and statistics teaching for undergraduates at Bristol Dental School (University of Bristol) that was clinically relevant, focused on concepts and interpretation rather than calculation, and was sustainable, using new technology to enhance learning. The research methods course was introduced in 2008, extensively developed over the next two years based on student and tutor feedback, and has run with only minor updates ever since. The aim of the course is to introduce year 2 dental students to the skills needed to practice evidence-based dentistry, i.e. understand and critically appraise published research. Basic epidemiological concepts, different types of study design, summarising and interpreting data, and choosing appropriate statistical analyses are covered. The course is introduced by a face-to-face lecture. This emphasises the relevance to future careers, and pre-empts the feelings of statistical anxiety by presenting evidence that exam results for this course are not associated with having achieved an A-level in mathematics. The rest of the course is delivered using the flipped classroom approach. Didactic teaching is in the form of nine e-lectures, each lasting 20-25 minutes. These are split into chapters to allow easy navigation, and include pop-up questions. Small group (up to 10 students) structured tutorials (one per e-lecture) are used to reinforce the material covered in the e-lectures, drawing on real clinical examples from research publications. They are interactive, and also include e-voting quizzes to allow the tutors and students to gauge the level of understanding that is being achieved. At the end of the course there is a revision session and written assessment, which must be passed before students can progress to year 3 of the dental degree. Approximately 70 students take the course each year, split into eight groups, and tutorials are based on pre-prepared materials. Tutoring on this course provides an attractive opportunity to gain teaching experience, with only a modest investment in time. Therefore, it has always been possible to recruit enough statisticians or epidemiologists in the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol to act as tutors. At least 89% of the students have passed the exam on first sitting each year, and all students have passed their re-sit exam. Marks ranged from 50-86% in 2019, and similar ranges were seen in previous years. Student feedback is consistently high, with virtually all students rating all components of the course at least satisfactory, and high percentages rating them good or excellent (e-lectures and tutorials were rated to be good or excellent by 72% and 95% of the students respectively in 2019). External examiners have been very complimentary, and only ever requested minor changes. Hence it has been possible to run a sustainable research methods course that engages students’ interest and produces excellent learning outcomes.
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Cline, Kelly S. "Sharing Teaching Ideas: Classroom Voting in Mathematics". Mathematics Teacher 100, n.º 2 (septiembre de 2006): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.100.2.0100.
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How do you get your students to take an active role during a mathematics class? For instance, how do you get them to form opinions and to participate in discussions about difficult concepts? There is a large body of education research demonstrating how active learning methods can be very effective, especially in comparison to traditional lectures (e.g., Bonwell and Eison 1991; Davidson 1990; Dees 1991; Hagelgans et al. 1995; Norwood 1995; Springer, Stanne, and Donovan 1999). Even when supplemented with demonstrations and PowerPoint, lectures encourage students to be passive observers, and passive students rarely learn. Classroom voting is a powerful technique promoting active learning. It engages every student in the material, and it can easily be incorporated into an otherwise traditional class. This technique breaks students out of the passive-receptive mode and requires them to participate, creating a more effective learning environment.
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Cline, Kelly S. "Sharing Teaching Ideas: Classroom Voting in Mathematics". Mathematics Teacher 100, n.º 2 (septiembre de 2006): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.100.2.0100.
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How do you get your students to take an active role during a mathematics class? For instance, how do you get them to form opinions and to participate in discussions about difficult concepts? There is a large body of education research demonstrating how active learning methods can be very effective, especially in comparison to traditional lectures (e.g., Bonwell and Eison 1991; Davidson 1990; Dees 1991; Hagelgans et al. 1995; Norwood 1995; Springer, Stanne, and Donovan 1999). Even when supplemented with demonstrations and PowerPoint, lectures encourage students to be passive observers, and passive students rarely learn. Classroom voting is a powerful technique promoting active learning. It engages every student in the material, and it can easily be incorporated into an otherwise traditional class. This technique breaks students out of the passive-receptive mode and requires them to participate, creating a more effective learning environment.
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Ades, James y Jyoti Mishra. "Education and Crime across America: Inequity’s Cost". Social Sciences 10, n.º 8 (26 de julio de 2021): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10080283.
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Much of current research on crime and education has focused on the effect of minimum dropout age on rates of crime. Combining the FBI’s uniform crime reporting database and district finance data, we study the longitudinal relationship between crime in every town/city (whose police department has reported crime statistics) and its school district spending in years 2003 to 2018. We combine over 213 datasets to control for population, density, wealth, education, employment, cost-of-living, race, law enforcement, and voting history. Additionally, we also look at teacher salary, teacher engagement, and student chronic absenteeism. Using linear mixed-effect modeling, we find an overall average of 2.35% percent decrease in property crime for every $1000 more a school district spends per pupil on education. Moreover, a $1000 increase in education spending decreased property crime nearly four times as much as a 10 percent increase in per capita income. We also looked at the range in district spending in towns/cities and counties whose students attend multiple districts. We find that for every $1000 difference in district spending within a city, property crime increases by an average of 3%; interestingly, violent crime decreases by 3%. When we lag variables of education quality, allowing these effects to playout, we also find that for every 10 percentage-point increase in chronic absenteeism among students, violent crime increases by 4%. Importantly, we find no such effect for property crime, suggesting a distinct mechanism of education on violent crime. Additionally, both law enforcement and unemployment explain little variance in crime. Our results demonstrate a robust relationship between education funding and reduced crime across America with regard to amount spent per student as well as equity in spending.
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Prainsack,, Barbara. "Voting with their Mice: Personal Genome Testing and the “Participatory Turn” in Disease Research". Accountability in Research 18, n.º 3 (mayo de 2011): 132–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08989621.2011.575032.
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Haberman, Rebecca, Lourdes M. Perez-Chada, Evan Siegel, Anthony M. Reginato, Dan Webster, Vinod Chandran, Jessica Walsh et al. "Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Clinics Multicenter Advancement Network Consortium (PPACMAN) 2018 Annual Meeting Summary". Journal of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis 5, n.º 2 (24 de marzo de 2020): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2475530320913879.
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The Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Clinics Multicenter Advancement Network (PPACMAN) was established to optimize the clinical care of patients with psoriatic disease through multidisciplinary collaboration, education, and innovative research. This article is a report of the 2018 PPACMAN Annual Meeting held in New York City, on December 8, 2018. At this meeting, attendees discussed the benefits and challenges of combined dermatology/rheumatology clinics and PPACMAN ongoing project updates. In addition, collaborators participated in breakout sessions and plenary voting dedicated to achieving consensus on terminology for preclinical psoriatic arthritis studies, one of PPACMAN’s main areas of interest. The data obtained from this voting exercise were used to draft a formal Delphi survey that is currently underway.
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Gasman, Marybeth, Dorsey Spencer y Cecilia Orphan. "“Building Bridges, Not Fences”: A History of Civic Engagement at Private Black Colleges and Universities, 1944–1965". History of Education Quarterly 55, n.º 3 (agosto de 2015): 346–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hoeq.12125.
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HBCUs traditionally build bridges, not fences, for their neighbors.–Barbara S. FrankleIn its truest sense, higher education is aimed at fostering academic achievement and educating students for good and productive citizenship. With this purpose in mind, over the past few decades there has been a proliferation of research on civic engagement. Although substantial in size and reach, the civic engagement literature is limited in terms of depth and scope. Many scholars working in this area have sought to define civic engagement as well as service learning; service learning is believed to lead to greater civic engagement and to increase educational attainment by some scholars and practitioners. Of note, this scholarship aims to defend civic engagement by providing a philosophical justification for it, reclaiming the historic civic purpose of higher education, or providing an assessment of student outcomes, including participation in protest, voting knowledge and behavior, and the impact of service learning. The civic engagement literature also demonstrates the level of engagement among undergraduate students and provides in-depth case studies of college and university initiatives to engage local communities throughout the nation. Scholars of civic engagement have focused on many different types of majority institutions, including small private colleges, state universities, land grant institutions, and private research universities. Most of these studies draw on how the unique histories of these various sectors of higher education position them for civic engagement work as well as the institutional efforts to engage local communities.
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Qiang, Jue Xian y Yun Liang. "The Design and Implementation of Interactive Response System Based on RFID and MAS Technology". Applied Mechanics and Materials 182-183 (junio de 2012): 716–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.182-183.716.
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Modern education has put more and more emphasis on the importance of interaction between teachers and students in the classroom. One of the main directions of the digital learning research is interactive technology. This paper has designed an Interactive Response System for classroom instruction based on RFID and MAS technology. It is a technology platform, including teacher control side, students voting machines (one for each student), receivers, and supporting software.
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CESARINI, DAVID, MAGNUS JOHANNESSON y SVEN OSKARSSON. "Pre-Birth Factors, Post-Birth Factors, and Voting: Evidence from Swedish Adoption Data". American Political Science Review 108, n.º 1 (31 de enero de 2014): 71–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055413000592.
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This article analyzes a rich Swedish data set with information on the electoral turnout of a large sample of adoptees, their siblings, their adoptive parents, and their biological parents. We use a simple regression framework to decompose the parent-child resemblance in voting into pre-birth factors, measured by biological parents’ voting, and post-birth factors, measured by adoptive parents’ voting. Adoptees are more likely to vote if their biological parents were voters and if they were assigned to families in which the adoptive parents vote. We find evidence of interactions between the pre- and post-birth factors: the effect of the post-birth environment on turnout is greater amongst adoptees whose biological mothers are nonvoters. We also show that the relationships between parental characteristics, such as education, and child turnout, persist even in the absence of a genetic link between parent and child. The regression-based framework we utilize provides a basis for the integration of behavior-genetic research into mainstream political science.
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Supap, Sakda y Chantana Viriyavejakul. "Adaptation of Collaborative Learning and Synectics Learning System for the Development of a Virtual Classroom for Educational College Creative Thinking at Roi Et Rajabhat University". Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 10, n.º 4 (1 de julio de 2019): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mjss-2019-0055.
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Abstract This research is aimed at Developing a virtual classroom model using shared learning and syntactic learning To develop creativity of the College of Education students Roi Et Rajabhat University by researching and developing 3 steps of research: 1) Create a virtual classroom style using shared learning and Synthetics learning to develop creativity of the College of Education students Roi Et Rajabhat University. 2) Study the results of using the virtual classroom format by using joint learning and synthetics learning to develop the creativity of the College of Education students Roi Et Rajabhat University. 3) Presenting a virtual classroom using shared learning and Synthetics learning to develop the creativity of the College of Education students Roi Et Rajabhat University. The sample group consists of undergraduate students, Bachelor of Education Program Roi Et Rajabhat University Early Childhood Education Select by group sampling method (Cluster Sampling) The experimental group consisted of 30 students studying with a virtual classroom model using common learning and Synthetics learning to develop the creativity of the College of Education students Roi Et Rajabhat University with a control group of 32 people, normal students, statistics used to analyze data such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation Non-independent test statistics and independent test statistics and statistics for testing the relationship by value Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Upon completion of the comparative study of achievement and study the satisfaction of students towards learning in a virtual classroom model Data analysis using mean, standard deviation T-test, the research found that; 1. Virtual classrooms using collaborative learning and synthetics to develop the creativity of the College of Education students Roi Et Rajabhat University is comprised of 6 components, namely 1) Learning system on virtual classroom 2) Communication and collaboration tools 3) Media content and learning resources 4) Student and instructor roles 5) Large group and sub-group 6) Learning Evaluation for the learning process together with 3 steps: 1) Process before class 2) Procedure during study consists of sub steps, which are 2.1) preparation for learners 2.2) classes consist of activities in large groups; stimulation and pulling ideas to create motivation, telling purpose, review previous knowledge, learn and present lessons, set the topic of the work by voting, point out learning methods and join activities in small groups (Activities in small groups set topics by voting, prepare and seek information, brainstorming, create works presenting work within a small group, comment vote to vote in large group showing comments, votes, votes and 3) evaluation 3 to 5 qualified persons assessed to certify the virtual classroom format by using mutual learning and learning of synthetics teaching to develop the creativity of higher education students in the field of education, education, science and related fields. There is a comment on the model developed by agreeing the most.
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Vašátková, Daniela. "Teoretická východiska politického brandingu: představení modelu voliče orientovaného na hodnotu značky a jeho metodologické ukotvení". Středoevropské politické studie Central European Political Studies Review 19, n.º 2 (1 de agosto de 2017): 164–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cepsr.2017.2.164.
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Since the 1960s, voting behaviour in advanced democratic states has undergone substantial changes. From this period, the transformation of social structures, increased education, and the expansion of new technologies in the field of mass media, among other things, are evident. The transformation factors that affect the voter and his choice are sooner or later reflected in new theoretical concepts describing electoral behaviour, whether it was the theory of party identification, voter choice based on issues or rational choice. So far, however, none of the theories have adequately reflected the effect of consumer-style thinking on electoral behaviour. A new trend in political marketing – political branding – aims to correct precisely this deficiency. Due to the fact that the relevant research in the field of political branding and its impact on the voting behaviour of individuals is still in its infancy, we are faced with a lack of robust theoretical foundations. The text thus aims to clarify this situation by gathering and analysing existing branding concepts, pointing to their strengths and weaknesses. Also, it contributes to the theoretical discussion by linking research on political branding to existing theories of voting behaviour, asking whether the related branding concepts are able to explain the voting behaviour of voters as well as whether they are open to further amendments and modifications.
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Angelita, Chrisantya. "Kesetaraan Hak Warga Kolok sebagai Wujud Integrasi Sosial Warga Desa Bengkala". Humanis 25, n.º 2 (27 de mayo de 2021): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jh.2021.v25.i02.p14.
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Deaf mute villager in Bengkala village is called as kolok villager. In Bengkala Village, kolok villager as disabled community is not getting discriminated by society. This research intend to study about equality rights for kolok villager in Bengkala Village. Theory used in this study is Functionalism Structural Talcott Parsons. The research method are interview and observation. The result shows that kolok villager are accepted by Bengkala Village society. Because basically normal villager and kolok villager are related. The equality rights are art right, education right, economy right, and voting right.
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Palamarchuk, Olha. "Effective management of the universities with the role of academic staff (practices of Ukraine)". International Scientific Journal of Universities and Leadership, n.º 8 (20 de noviembre de 2019): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31874/2520-6702-2019-8-2-49-62.
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The article deals with the participation of scientific and pedagogical workers in the management of Ukrainian universities. The statutes, regulations, codes of the five leading universities of Ukraine are analyzed. It is revealed that higher education management in Ukraine is carried out by the Academic Council of higher education institutions and self-government bodies. It is noted that in accordance with the statute of the universities, the direct management of the activities of the university is carried out by the rector. Scientific and pedagogical workers take part in university management and rector's elections. It is established that in the universities of Ukraine there are constantly functioning commissions (organizational, attestation, budget, commissions on ethics, education, science), which include scientific and pedagogical workers, and who deal there with questions in accordance to their expert issues.
The codes of values of the universities of Ukraine that are consistent with the moral principles and norms of ethical behavior in the system of governance of the universities of Great Britain are analyzed. It is established that the main functions of scientific and pedagogical workers are participation in financial, administrative decisions, approval of educational programs and curricula, decision making on the organization of educational process, in determining the terms of training at the appropriate levels, adopting the main directions of conducting research and innovation activities, participate in the assessment of the scientific and pedagogical activities of structural units, consider many other issues related to the activities of a higher institution of higher education the bottom of his statute.
The main functions of the Election Commission and the Organizing Committee are the organization, preparation, conduct of the voting, and the establishment of the voting results of the rector of the University.
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Galais, Carol. "How to Make Dutiful Citizens and Influence Turnout: the Effects of Family and School Dynamics on the Duty to Vote". Canadian Journal of Political Science 51, n.º 3 (21 de marzo de 2018): 599–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423918000021.
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AbstractExisting literature assumes a link between voting and individuals’ political socialization, but no study has explored how political upbringing affects the most important attitudinal predictor of turnout: the duty to vote. Following previous research about the formation of attitudes related to the electoral process and social norms, this study focuses on the socialization agencies and dynamics that might first instill the belief during childhood that voting is a duty. The study also intends to contribute to political socialization theory by adopting a longitudinal perspective, by building upon developmental psychology theory and by simultaneously considering the two main childhood socialization agencies: family and school. A series of multivariate models confirms the role of family's socioeconomic status, parental engagement with children's education and non-authoritarian parenting styles, a positive effect that appears stronger than the effects on duty observed for Catholic schools and schools with democratic governance.
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Prasetyawan, Wahyu. "Ethnicity and Voting Patterns in the 2007 and 2012 Gubernatorial Elections in Jakarta". Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 33, n.º 1 (abril de 2014): 29–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810341403300103.
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This paper evaluates the dynamics of ethnicity and politics in the 2007 and 2012 gubernatorial elections in Jakarta. Previous research has mostly emphasised the negative impact of ethnicity on politics in the reformasi era, particularly through ethnic polarisation. By closely evaluating the major ethnic groups living in the mega-city, i.e. the Javanese, Betawi and Chinese, the author shows that the relationship between ethnicity and voting patterns is an intricate one that is not static, particularly if one evaluates a commonly overlooked but crucial factor – the time frame. The author argues that ethnicity continues to play a role in elections even though it is less significant than education and flood variables. The relationship between ethnicity and voting patterns is thus very dynamic, being related to the political context at the time of an election. The findings in this paper open up new questions on ethnicity and politics in a plural society like Indonesia.
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Golonggom, Zulkifli, Heru Nurasa, Entang Adhy Muhtar y Caroline Paskarina. "Social Analysis of Policy Implementation Regional Head Election Voter Registration in North Sulawesi Province". Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences 4, n.º 2 (29 de mayo de 2021): 2976–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i2.2007.
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This study analyzes the social implementation of voter registration policy in the regional head elections in North Sulawesi Province in 2017. According to the eligible residents in the constituency, the process of voter registration through voter list update to produce a voter list is completely fulfilled voting rights. Thus, during the vote, those who have the right to vote can exercise their voting rights. But in the course of the trip, the administrative activities of the preparation of voter lists by the Voter Data Update Officer (PPDP) conducted Matching, and Research (Coklit) encountered obstacles, voter data collection in each village clashed with the constraints of population indifference to be registered as voters and the obligation of recording electronic ID cards, the socio-economic condition of the community that the majority as farmers prioritize their time and needs with agricultural activities and on the other hand the migration of population because of duties and jobs and work and education outside the electoral district.
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Schutte, Johann. "The future of student life: participating". On the Horizon 25, n.º 3 (14 de agosto de 2017): 177–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oth-05-2017-0025.
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Purpose A research project exploring emerging student needs explored six aspects of student life: living, learning, working, playing, connecting and participating. Participating is explored here. This aspect focuses on the ways that students may become active citizens by participating in civic life. Insights are gained as to how students may engage with universities and governments and how they will contribute to the public sphere. Themes such as voting, (h)activism, transparency and digital strategies to improve governance are explored. This paper aims to summarize two scenarios about the Participating domain from the Student Needs 2025+ project and highlight implications for the future of higher education. Design/methodology/approach A modified version of the University of Houston’s “Framework Foresight” method was used to explore the future of six aspects of future student life. Findings The ability of students and citizens to innovate and affect change should not be underestimated. The maker movement and the “life hacking” meme are symbols of the hidden societal energy available to governments to improve the world and solve our pressing issues. For this to be effective, the role of the hacker, and hacktivism in general as a form of civic participation, should be reframed as a positive contributor of change. The relationship between governing bodies and activism is at a crossroads. The current age of interconnectivity offers tremendous potential for governing bodies to include civil contributions and innovation in a powerful, net-positive way. However, the status quo is so often the opposite and those who are being governed are perceived as a threat. There is a need for key players and leaders to creatively act according to innovative paradigms and principles that strategically reconcile the hacked and the hacking for the greater good of society. Research limitations/implications In terms of research limitations, the paper is focused on the needs of students and does not purport to be an exhaustive analysis of all of the issues influencing higher education. It views the future of higher education through the lens of students and their emerging needs. Originality/value This paper explores student life in its totality as a way to more accurately identify student needs in the future.
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Sabir, Muhammad y Aris Aris. "Gender in the Perspective of Islamic Shari'a and Constitution (Straightening the View of the Relationship between Women and Men)". Al-Maiyyah: Media Transformasi Gender dalam Paradigma Sosial Keagamaan 14, n.º 1 (29 de junio de 2021): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35905/al-maiyyah.v14i1.734.
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In this research discuss about the relationship between men and women. In the existing reality, women are still marginalized since ancient times until now. This is due to the influence of understanding on religious texts and various other factors so that the differences in the relationship between the two can be seen in all aspects of life. The research method used is library research. In this study, it is argued that in the perspective of Islamic law, the relationship between the two is the same in terms of identity to the creator (worship of mahdah and gairu mahdah) as well as in the constitution that everyone has the same rights on politic, law, voting, and education. Everyone without exception has protection and right in the law.
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Nursyamsi, Pirman. "Segregasi Sosial Pasca Pemilu 2019 dan Pentingnya Pendidikan Multikultural Islami". Tsamratul Fikri | Jurnal Studi Islam 14, n.º 1 (13 de junio de 2020): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.36667/tf.v14i1.382.
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The following research aims to describe the following matters: (1) Post 2019 Election Social Segregation in SMK Bakti Karya Parigi (2) The Importance of Multicultural Education in SMK Bakti Karya Parigi. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive method. The data collection technique is by way of observation, interview, documentation study, and literature study. Furthermore, the research phase consists of pre-field stage, field stage and analysis phase and data interpretation. From the results of the study it was found that: (1) Post-2019 Social Segregation in the SMK Bakti Karya Parigi environment both in the school environment and in the dormitory environment has never happened, because all students, teachers and the local community tend to be accustomed to differences of opinion from any aspect, they seemed accustomed to the diversity and harmony that existed and seemed unconcerned by the heat of the country's democratic space that occurred after the 2019 elections, but they continued to work together in giving their voting rights in the 2019 elections. (2). SMK Bakti Karya Parigi as one of the pioneers of multicultural education in Indonesia has given a good example to the community to be able to respect and respect each other's differences so that people will not be easily provoked and manipulated by people who want to divide the unity and integrity of the people. Multicultural education for the community is very important because from the multicultural education the community will be able to understand differences, both in terms of religion, social, and culture.
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Quaranta, Mario. "Repertoires of political participation: Macroeconomic conditions, socioeconomic resources, and participation gaps in Europe". International Journal of Comparative Sociology 59, n.º 4 (agosto de 2018): 319–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020715218800526.
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The European economic crisis has stimulated a great deal of research linking contextual macroeconomic conditions and political outputs, as conventional and unconventional political participation. Nevertheless, such research has often treated forms of political participation as independent from each other, overlooking how citizens can choose from combinations of political actions to influence politics in contexts with varying levels of macroeconomic performance. This article, instead, focuses on two common forms of participation – voting and protesting – and studies whether engagement in “repertoires” of participation – the “disengaged” (abstaining and not protesting), the “duty-based” (voting and not protesting), the “protest” (abstaining and protesting), and the “all-round” (voting and protesting) repertoires – varies according to countries’ macroeconomic conditions in Europe in 30 countries over time. This article also considers that the effect of macroeconomic conditions on repertoires of participation might depend on citizens’ socioeconomic resources – such as education, employment status, and income – with consequences for participation gaps or inequalities. Using multilevel models and data from seven rounds of the European Social Survey, this article shows that in contexts where macroeconomic conditions are worse, the probability of engaging in the “protest” repertoire increases, while the probability of engaging in the other three repertoires does not depend on the economy. In addition, the article finds that participation gaps narrow in the “disengaged” and “duty-based” repertoires in contexts with poorer macroeconomic performance, while the gaps in the “protest” and “all-round” repertoires do not change across contexts with different economic conditions.
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Bürgi, Regula y Philipp Gonon. "Varieties Within a Collective Skill Formation System: How VET Governance in Switzerland is Shaped by Associations". International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training 8, n.º 1 (12 de marzo de 2021): 46–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.13152/ijrvet.8.1.3.
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Context: International scholarship and policy tend to depict national structures governing Vocational Education and Training (VET) as uniform and devoid of internal differences. This macro perspective neglects the numerous processes at the meso and micro level that shape the structure and content of VET. This article focusses on professional associations (meso level) in Switzerland to examine the heterogeneity of governance of individual VET programmes that can exist within one country or one collective skill formation system. Approach: Drawing on insights from historical institutionalism and research on corporatism, we argue that these differences are the product of the characteristics, traditional practices and styles of reasoning of the various associations involved in VET governance. Our analysis is based on expert interviews and governance documents in two vocational areas: Electrotechnology and food services. Findings: We identify and decode an array of cooperative practices and show that collective skill formation has a different meaning for different associations and, correspondingly, different occupations. Collaboration with state actors, unions, VET schools and single firms, as well as voting procedures, differ considerably between associations. Furthermore, we find that these different modes of governance are determined by associational characteristics such as size, level of professionalization, location and established cooperative practices, as well as traditional styles of reasonings. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the decisions taken are not always the product of current day training requirements but of historically grown associational characteristics. Thus, path dependencies are to be considered not only at a macro level but also at the meso level. There is a multifaceted variety of governance approaches beneath the classification "collective skill formation system". Associations are key in defining VET content, working life structures and collectivity.
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Jarvis, Sharon E. y Jay T. Jennings. "Republicans Should Vote: Partisan Conceptions of Electoral Participation in Campaign 2016". American Behavioral Scientist 61, n.º 6 (mayo de 2017): 633–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764217720481.
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Research has identified differences in partisan communication styles, cognitive processing, values, and cultures. This article assesses if there are also differences in how Democrats and Republicans conceive of electoral participation. We submitted 1,730 open-ended responses from a 2016 survey prompt soliciting thoughts and feelings about voting to computerized content analysis. Findings show that Republicans employed more confident and less negative language than Democrats in their responses. Additionally, a close read of the Republican statements reveals how they expressed that their electoral participation matters. Our conclusion addresses how the traditional ideals often associated with the Grand Old Party may make them a more duty-based constituency valuing voting more than their less conservative peers.
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Amiruddin, Amiruddin, Apriza Noer Ramadhan y David Herdianto. "Securing Web-Based E-Voting System Using Captcha and SQL Injection Filter". IJCCS (Indonesian Journal of Computing and Cybernetics Systems) 14, n.º 3 (31 de julio de 2020): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijccs.57416.
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The electoral system is very necessary in the democratic life of students, especially to elect a senate chairman in a higher education environment. The use of conventional electoral system is slow, inefficient, and insecure compared to that of electronic-based because it requires a long time for the registration to implementation and counting of votes; use a lot of papers; and it raises the potential for manipulation of ballot papers. In this research, we developed a student electoral system that is safe from non-human participants and electronic-based called e-voting. The system was built with a web platform using PHP and MySQL programming applications. The system development method follows the System Life Cycle (SLC) which consists of the stages of planning, analysis, design, implementation, and testing of the system. This system implements a security mechanism in the form of verification using captcha and SQL injection filter and is implemented in the activities of Komisi Pemilihan Umum Mahasiswa (KPUM). System testing to measure the suitability of implementation with the needs was done using a blackbox method. The result of this research is an e-voting system that satisfies the prevention test of SQL injection and non-human participants attacks
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Petersen, George J. y Paula M. Short. "An Examination of School Board Presidents’ Perceptions of Their Superintendent's Interpersonal Communication Competence and Board Decision Making". Journal of School Leadership 12, n.º 4 (julio de 2002): 411–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/105268460201200404.
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Using research focused on interpersonal communication theory, this exploratory investigation examined school board presidents’ perceptions of their district superintendent's interpersonal communication competence in his or her role as chief executive officer and advisor to the board of education. Interpersonal communication theory suggests empathy, listening, and versatility are effective and compelling elements of persuasion. Specifically we investigated the attitudes and opinions as well as the covariance between the board of education president and their view of the district superintendent's interpersonal communication competence and its influence on school board voting decisions. Results from the investigation suggest that board decision making is closely related to the attributes of empathy, listening, self-disclosure, the absence of social anxiety, and versatility. Further, a statistically significant relationship was discovered between the overall interpersonal communication competence of the district superintendent and the support of board members on board agenda issues that have immediate consequences on the actual school system.
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Odoom, Daniel, Ernest Opoku y Edward Gyamfi. "Ballot Paper Wastage in Elections in Ghana: Reflections of Electoral Commission Officers and Voters in the Jaman South District". International Journal of Technology and Management Research 1, n.º 4 (12 de marzo de 2020): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.47127/ijtmr.v1i4.34.
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This paper investigated the reflections of Electoral Commission (EC) officers and voters in the Jaman South District with regard to ballot paper wastage in elections in Ghana using descriptive exploratory research design. Purposive and convenience sampling techniques were used to select 172 respondents for the study with questionnaires, structured interview and interview guide as the research instruments. The study revealed that elections were conducted to help select leaders for the nation and to help ensure that leaders are accountable to the people. Policies and ideologies of candidates were found to have little influence on how persons vote. Factors such as protest voting, low public education on elections, and high level of illiteracy were responsible for rejected ballots in the district. Rejected ballot paper was a cost to the EC officers and the voters in terms of resources, time and energy especially during periods of run-offs. The study recommended that the government effectively collaborate with the EC officials in the district to implement policies that will increase voters’ appreciation of issues underpinning democracy. The EC officers in the district should properly collaborate with the National Commission for Civic Education (NCCE) to provide adequate public education to enable the electorates in the district to have a proper understanding of basic electoral issues.Key words: Elections; democracy; democratization; disenfranchisement; rejected ballots.
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Suwardi, Suwardi y Azis Budiyanto. "Abstentions Phenomenon (Golput) Direct Local Election". Jurnal Bina Praja 12, n.º 2 (16 de diciembre de 2020): 203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21787/jbp.12.2020.203-212.
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The phenomenon of the "Golput" occurs in each election fluctuation, sometimes up and down, sometimes influenced by various factors. This research uses the literature study method by summarizing some documentation related to Indonesia's phenomenon of abstentions. Factors that cause voters not to give their voting rights are political, ideological, and identity factors. But abstentions can also be influenced by an improperly organized election system. From the results of this study, someone behaves abstentions from the technical aspects due to voters' technical constraints. It prevents them from exercising their right to vote, for example, having other activities at the same time on election day so they cannot come to the voting place. Golput is a person's attachment to voting in the general election process based on psychological factors, sociological factors, and rational voter factors. On the political aspect, abstentions have reasons such as distrust of the party, and candidates do not believe in a better chance. Meanwhile, if viewed from one aspect, identity can see based on religion, education level, age, gender, etc. In terms of faith, a person decides to abstain because party is expected not to be elected as a candidate. For example, Christian tends not to choose a party that carries Islam, such as the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS), the United Development Party (PPP), and others. In contrast, most nationalist candidates or political parties are considered less representative to accommodate their aspirations. Then abstentions will be the final choice taken.
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Yair, Gad. "Douze point: Eurovisions and Euro-Divisions in the Eurovision Song Contest – Review of two decades of research". European Journal of Cultural Studies 22, n.º 5-6 (26 de junio de 2018): 1013–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367549418776562.
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The Eurovision Song Contest is an annual international competition held by the European Broadcasting Union. The present article provides an updated review of the academic literature devoted to the study of the Eurovision Song Contest which in the past two decades developed into a serious and rich academic field with four main areas: (1) studies of imagining a unified Europe – wherein I review research devoted to cosmopolitan European visions and nation branding; (2) studies focusing on gender and what is often referenced as gay or ‘camp’ features in the Eurovision Song Contest; (3) studies of Euro-Divisions which focus on political bloc voting and cultural alliances – exposing consistent and persistent rifts and coalitions in the celebration of European unity; and (4) studies making use of Eurovision data as a cultural seismograph for explaining external phenomenon like economic trade and political conflicts. Two decades of study of the Eurovision reveal that the ideal of unity is persistently challenged by national and cultural commitments. While commentators often deem the Eurovision Song Contest to be a silly kitsch show of musical mediocrity, this review proves it to be an appealing and productive area for the serious study of European civilization and its discontents.
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Treiblmaier, Horst, Abderahman Rejeb y Andreas Strebinger. "Blockchain as a Driver for Smart City Development: Application Fields and a Comprehensive Research Agenda". Smart Cities 3, n.º 3 (7 de agosto de 2020): 853–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/smartcities3030044.
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The term “Smart City” denotes a comprehensive concept to alleviate pending problems of modern urban areas which have developed into an important work field for practitioners and scholars alike. However, the question remains as to how cities can become “smart”. The application of information technology is generally considered a key driver in the “smartization” of cities. Detailed frameworks and procedures are therefore needed to guide, operationalize, and measure the implementation process as well as the impact of the respective technologies. In this paper, we discuss blockchain technology, a novel driver of technological transformation that comprises a multitude of underlying technologies and protocols, and its potential impact on smart cities. We specifically address the question of how blockchain technology may benefit the development of urban areas. Based on a comprehensive literature review, we present a framework and research propositions. We identify nine application fields of blockchain technology in the smartization of cities: (1) healthcare, (2) logistics and supply chains, (3) mobility, (4) energy, (5) administration and services, (6) e-voting, (7) factory, (8) home and (9) education. We discuss current developments in these fields, illustrate how they are affected by blockchain technology and derive propositions to guide future research endeavors.
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Mann, Christopher B., Gayle A. Alberda, Nathaniel A. Birkhead, Yu Ouyang, Chloe Singer, Charles Stewart, Michael C. Herron et al. "Pedagogical Value of Polling-Place Observation by Students". PS: Political Science & Politics 51, n.º 4 (16 de mayo de 2018): 831–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096518000550.
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ABSTRACTGood education requires student experiences that deliver lessons about practice as well as theory and that encourage students to work for the public good—especially in the operation of democratic institutions (Dewey 1923; Dewy 1938). We report on an evaluation of the pedagogical value of a research project involving 23 colleges and universities across the country. Faculty trained and supervised students who observed polling places in the 2016 General Election. Our findings indicate that this was a valuable learning experience in both the short and long terms. Students found their experiences to be valuable and reported learning generally and specifically related to course material. Postelection, they also felt more knowledgeable about election science topics, voting behavior, and research methods. Students reported interest in participating in similar research in the future, would recommend other students to do so, and expressed interest in more learning and research about the topics central to their experience. Our results suggest that participants appreciated the importance of elections and their study. Collectively, the participating students are engaged and efficacious—essential qualities of citizens in a democracy.
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El-Boghdadly, Kariem, Morné Wolmarans, Angela D. Stengel, Eric Albrecht, Ki Jinn Chin, Hesham Elsharkawy, Sandra Kopp et al. "Standardizing nomenclature in regional anesthesia: an ASRA-ESRA Delphi consensus study of abdominal wall, paraspinal, and chest wall blocks". Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine 46, n.º 7 (18 de junio de 2021): 571–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2020-102451.
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BackgroundThere is heterogeneity in the names and anatomical descriptions of regional anesthetic techniques. This may have adverse consequences on education, research, and implementation into clinical practice. We aimed to produce standardized nomenclature for abdominal wall, paraspinal, and chest wall regional anesthetic techniques.MethodsWe conducted an international consensus study involving experts using a three-round Delphi method to produce a list of names and corresponding descriptions of anatomical targets. After long-list formulation by a Steering Committee, the first and second rounds involved anonymous electronic voting and commenting, with the third round involving a virtual round table discussion aiming to achieve consensus on items that had yet to achieve it. Novel names were presented where required for anatomical clarity and harmonization. Strong consensus was defined as ≥75% agreement and weak consensus as 50% to 74% agreement.ResultsSixty expert Collaborators participated in this study. After three rounds and clarification, harmonization, and introduction of novel nomenclature, strong consensus was achieved for the names of 16 block names and weak consensus for four names. For anatomical descriptions, strong consensus was achieved for 19 blocks and weak consensus was achieved for one approach. Several areas requiring further research were identified.ConclusionsHarmonization and standardization of nomenclature may improve education, research, and ultimately patient care. We present the first international consensus on nomenclature and anatomical descriptions of blocks of the abdominal wall, chest wall, and paraspinal blocks. We recommend using the consensus results in academic and clinical practice.
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Naylor, Ryan. "First year student conceptions of success: What really matters?" Student Success 8, n.º 2 (22 de julio de 2017): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ssj.v8i2.377.
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Success at university is a complex idea, with evidence that what “counts” as success is conceived differently by students and academics. This study contrasts two methodologies (“Likert-type” ordered response and quadratic voting, which does not appear to have been applied to education research previously) to identify which factors are important in university success to first year health science students. Completion (passing subjects and obtaining qualifications) and achievement (getting good grades) were the most important factors in both methodologies, but important differences were found between the two in the relative importance of four factors, particularly in the importance of a sense of belonging and personalisation of study options. Contrasting data from the two methods potentially separates factors students think are vital from those that are important but not essential—a distinction which is concealed using Likert-type instruments alone.
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Laveay, Fraser, Coy Callison y Ann Rodriguez. "Offensiveness of Native American Names, Mascots, and Logos in Sports: A Survey of Tribal Leaders and the General Population". International Journal of Sport Communication 2, n.º 1 (marzo de 2009): 81–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2.1.81.
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The pervasiveness of media coverage of sports teams with American Indian names and imagery has arguably supported stereotypical beliefs of those referenced. Past research investigating opinions on sports teams using American Indian themes has been inconsistent in findings and drawn criticism for lacking valid samples of Native Americans. Through a survey of National Congress of American Indians leaders (n = 208) and random U.S. adults (n = 484), results reveal that Native Americans are more offended by sports teams employing American Indian imagery, as well as more supportive of change, than is the general public. Investigation of how demographic characteristics influenced perceptions show that although age and education level have little influence, political party affiliation does correlate with opinions, with those voting Democrat viewing the teams with American Indian names, logos, and mascots as most offensive and in need of change.