Artículos de revistas: "Emergency Route"

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Conaill, Mita O. "Emergency route". Nursing Standard 20, n.º 18 (11 de enero de 2006): 70–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2006.01.20.18.70.c4034.

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Conaill, Mita O. "Emergency route". Nursing Standard 20, n.º 18 (11 de enero de 2006): 70–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.20.18.70.s55.

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Lee, Jongdal. "Route Optimization for Emergency Evacuation and Response in Disaster Area". Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers 34, n.º 2 (2014): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.12652/ksce.2014.34.2.0617.

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Douglas-Moore, Jayne L., Luke Hounsome, Julia Verne y Roger Kockelbergh. "Outcomes in urological cancer are strongly influenced by route to diagnosis". Journal of Clinical Urology 10, n.º 1_suppl (enero de 2017): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2051415816685628.

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Introduction: The Routes to Diagnosis study has recorded data on new cancer diagnoses since 2006. The route to diagnosis of urological cancer influences outcomes and factors including gender, age and deprivation are implicated in affecting the way in which patients present. Materials and methods: Data were obtained from the National Cancer Intelligence Network Routes to Diagnosis study. Every new cancer case is assigned to one of eight routes of diagnosis, seven of which are applicable to urological cancers. Data from 2006 to 2013 are described in this report. Results: Two week wait is the most common route to diagnosis of bladder and testicular cancer compared to prostate, renal and penile malignancy in which routine general practitioner referral was the most common route. Two week wait referrals are associated with the best survival, and emergency presentations with the worst. Emergency presentation increases with advancing age but is also noted to be a significant route to diagnosis in patients less than 50 years. Bladder and renal cancer are more common in men but the route to diagnosis varies with gender. Increasing deprivation increases emergency presentation but has minimal effect on two week wait and routine general practitioner referrals. Conclusion: National data on the impact of route to diagnosis of urological malignancy have been described for the first time. The effect of age and gender on route to diagnosis and consequently cancer outcome has been noted. To enable earlier diagnosis attention must focus on extremes of age, patients with penile cancer and the most deprived patients.

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Zaman, A. G. M., Sajib Hasan y Mohammad Samawat Ulla. "Evaluation of TSP for Emergency Routing". International Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science 13, n.º 1 (8 de febrero de 2021): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijitcs.2021.01.03.

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The paper considers the symmetric traveling salesman problem and applies it to sixty-four (64) districts of Bangladesh (with geographic coordinates) as a new instance of the problem of finding an optimized route in need of emergency. It approached three different algorithms namely Integer Linear Programming, Nearest-neighbor, and Metric TSP as exact, heuristic, or approximate methods of solving the NP-hard class of problem to model the emergency route planning. These algorithms have been implanted using computer codes, used IBM ILOG CPLEX parallel optimization, visualized using Geographic Information System tools. The performance of these algorithms also has been evaluated in terms of computational complexity, their run-time, and resulted tour distance using exact, approximate, and heuristic methods to find the best fit of route optimization in emergence thus contributing to the field of combinatorial optimization.

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Chan, W. y C. Armenakis. "3D Building Evacuation Route Modelling and Visualization". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-2 (11 de noviembre de 2014): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-2-221-2014.

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The most common building evacuation approach currently applied is to have evacuation routes planned prior to these emergency events. These routes are usually the shortest and most practical path from each building room to the closest exit. The problem with this approach is that it is not adaptive. It is not responsively configurable relative to the type, intensity, or location of the emergency risk. Moreover, it does not provide any information to the affected persons or to the emergency responders while not allowing for the review of simulated hazard scenarios and alternative evacuation routes. In this paper we address two main tasks. The first is the modelling of the spatial risk caused by a hazardous event leading to choosing the optimal evacuation route for a set of options. The second is to generate a 3D visual representation of the model output. A multicriteria decision making (MCDM) approach is used to model the risk aiming at finding the optimal evacuation route. This is achieved by using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) on the criteria describing the different alternative evacuation routes. The best route is then chosen to be the alternative with the least cost. The 3D visual representation of the model displays the building, the surrounding environment, the evacuee’s location, the hazard location, the risk areas and the optimal evacuation pathway to the target safety location. The work has been performed using ESRI’s ArcGIS. Using the developed models, the user can input the location of the hazard and the location of the evacuee. The system then determines the optimum evacuation route and displays it in 3D.

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Lakshay, Amit Agarwal y Nomesh B. Bolia. "Route Guidance Map for Emergency Evacuation". Journal of Risk Analysis and Crisis Response 6, n.º 3 (2016): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/jrarc.2016.6.3.3.

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Van Pham, Hai y Philip Moore. "Emergency Service Provision Using a Novel Hybrid SOM-Spiral STC Model for Group Decision Support under Dynamic Uncertainty". Applied Sciences 9, n.º 18 (18 de septiembre de 2019): 3910. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9183910.

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In emergency scenarios service vehicles must identify potential route(s) and use the best available route. However, route identification requires intelligent decision-support systems which generally use non-traditional approaches with tools characterised by flexible non-hierarchical structures. Conventional models using group decision-support systems have been applied; however, when used in smart urban environments, emergency response services have limitations in their ability to identify unobstructed paths (routes) in dynamic operating environments. In this paper we introduce a novel path planning method for autonomous vehicle control in emergency situations. The proposed model uses self-organizing maps in an integrated Spiral STC algorithm termed the: Hybrid SOM-Spiral STC model which uses hedge algebras and Kansei evaluation in group decision-support. The proposed model has been designed to quantify qualitative factors using sensor derived data processed with human sensibilities and preferences in emergency decision support. The experimental results show that the proposed model achieves significant improvements in group decision-support under dynamic uncertainty. We posit that our novel approach holds the prospect of improvements in the provision of emergency services.

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Dongare, Shruti. "Review on Indirect Emergency HealthCare". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, n.º VI (30 de junio de 2021): 3159–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35635.

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Indirect Emergency HealthCare is a mobile application which is developed in Android using multiple technologies and platforms. This project mainly provides the communication between Ambulance and various devices such as people on the roads or in the route of the ambulance Traffic Signal, and Computers in Hospital. This application also uses to book the ambulance and can make a call depending upon the situation. The user application (informer) can track the ambulance location through GPS at the same time people on the upcoming route of ambulance can get the alert message and alarm like a siren on their smartphones before 0.5 kilometers to make a path clear so that ambulance can get the fastest route to save the life of the patient.

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Brachman, Micah L., Richard Church, Benjamin Adams y Danielle Bassett. "Wayfinding during a wildfire evacuation". Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 29, n.º 3 (24 de diciembre de 2019): 249–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-07-2019-0216.

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Purpose Emergency evacuation plans are often developed under the assumption that evacuees will use wayfinding strategies such as taking the shortest distance route to their nearest exit. The purpose of this paper is to analyze empirical data from a wildfire evacuation analyzed to determine whether evacuees took a shortest distance route to their nearest exit and to identify any alternate wayfinding strategies that they may have used. Design/methodology/approach The wildfire evacuation analysis presented in this paper is the outcome of a natural experiment. A post-fire online survey was conducted, which included an interactive map interface that allowed evacuees to identify the route that they took. The survey results were integrated with several additional data sets using a GIS. Network analysis was used to compare the routes selected by evacuees to their shortest distance routes, and statistical hypothesis testing was employed to identify the wayfinding strategies that may have been used. Findings The network analysis revealed that 31 percent of evacuees took a shortest distance route to their nearest exit. Hypothesis testing showed that evacuees selected routes that had significantly longer distances and travel times than the shortest distance routes, and indicated that factors such as the downhill slope percentage of routes and the elevation of exits may have impacted the wayfinding process. Research limitations/implications This research is best regarded as a spatiotemporal snapshot of wayfinding behavior during a single wildfire evacuation, but could inspire additional research to establish more generalizable results. Practical implications This research may help emergency managers develop more effective wildfire evacuation plans. Originality/value This research presents an analysis of an original data set that contributes to the broader body of scientific knowledge on wayfinding and spatial behavior during emergency evacuations.

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Greenberg, Michael I. "Emergency Drug Administration via the Endotracheal Route". Military Medicine 153, n.º 10 (1 de octubre de 1988): 509–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/153.10.509.

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Kobayashi, Akira, Kiyohito Yamamoto y Takuma Hayashi. "Selection of Route of Temporary Irrigation Water Supply Line with GIS in Emergency Situation". Journal of Rainwater Catchment Systems 14, n.º 1 (2008): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7132/jrcsa.kj00004978339.

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Kang, Hee Jin, Dongkon Lee, Jong Gye Shin, Gyeong Joong Lee y Jin Choi. "Interactive Escape Route Control for Passenger Ships Using Emergency Lighting". Marine Technology Society Journal 44, n.º 5 (1 de septiembre de 2010): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.44.5.1.

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AbstractMaritime accidents lead to massive loss of life and property. In the case of passenger ships, the potential for damage is especially high. Although the Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) of the International Maritime Organization has recently increased the regulation of passenger ship safety, serious accidents continue to occur.A large passenger ship (e.g., a cruise ship) is very wide and contains a complex population of passengers; it is difficult for crew members to be aware of each passenger’s location and idiosyncrasies. Such knowledge could be used by crew members in normal conditions to control the passengers, thereby avoiding dangerous scenarios. In an emergency situation, the same knowledge can help crew members control the flow of escape and help passengers, including handicapped persons, children, and the elderly.In this paper, we examine the use of emergency lighting and wireless sensor networks to create a new methodology for interactive escape route control. The sensor network consists of a wireless system (i.e., ZigBee) that collects raw data from each passenger. These data are then used to determine escape routes, which are communicated to the crew via emergency lighting. We also include simulation results of the proposed interactive escape route control for selected scenarios.

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Cattermole, GN. "Should N-Acetylcysteine be Administered Orally or Intravenously for the Treatment of Paracetamol Overdose?" Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine 16, n.º 2 (abril de 2009): 106–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102490790901600209.

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Introduction Paracetamol is the most commonly used drug in deliberate poisoning. N-acetylcysteine is the standard antidote for significant acute paracetamol overdose, but the route of administration varies between countries. This review aimed to find and appraise those comparative studies which would help answer the following question: in patients who have taken an overdose of paracetamol requiring antidote, is there any difference between intravenous and oral N-acetylcysteine in mortality, hepatotoxicity, adverse drug reactions or cost? Methods A literature search was conducted using Medline and other databases. Relevant papers were identified and appraised. Results One animal study and seven comparative clinical studies were identified and appraised. The quality of the evidence was generally poor, and there was no clear difference in outcomes between the two routes of administration. Conclusions Without evidence of advantage for one route over the other, routine practice should not be changed. However, after 30 years experience, both routes appear to be effective and safe, and in countries where intravenous administration is the standard, it would be reasonable to consider the oral route as an alternative when intravenous access is problematic. There is a need for prospective, randomised trials to determine the relative effectiveness, safety and cost of intravenous and oral formulations of N-acetylcysteine.

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Zou, Yang, Shuliang Zou y Changming Niu. "The Optimization of Emergency Evacuation from Nuclear Accidents in China". Sustainability 10, n.º 8 (3 de agosto de 2018): 2737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082737.

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An emergency evacuation route is an important component of emergency rescue of for nuclear accidents. A reasonable evacuation route can reduce evacuation times and protect people’s life. The evacuation route of the nuclear power plant is abstracted into a network diagram and a mathematical model of evacuation optimization route based on the graph theory and the parity of spot diagram method in this paper. Road traffic capacity and other external factors that may affect emergency evacuation are considered in the time weight factor for each road. Finally, an example is given to verify the feasibility of the model.

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Grzybowski, Piotr y Ewelina Szpakowska-Peas. "Flight reconfiguration system – an emergency system of the future". Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 92, n.º 9 (1 de mayo de 2020): 1393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-03-2020-0052.

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Purpose This paper aims to describe the idea and partial result of research on flight reconfiguration system (FRS) which is to be used in case of pilot incapacitation while performing the single-pilot operations for defining and guiding an aircraft to a safe destination. Design/methodology/approach Multiple problems with the development of emergency systems which could deal with crisis on-board occurs, e.g. definition of emergency destination which is dealing with the thread, ensuring that route to an emergency destination is safe, avoiding of air traffic and making sure that aircraft performance limitations would not be exceeded. FRS is a sophisticated hardware design, gathering data from aircraft on-board systems, commanding autopilot where to go and informing air traffic on crisis on-board. Developed algorithm analyzes data from onboard systems, internal database to calculate potential safe places and best routes to them. Multi-criteria decision-making is used to choose the best of them and execute it when needed. Findings Algorithms and hardware were tested in a simulated environment. An exemplary research experiment oriented on finding emergency destination and flying to it in the Software-In-The-Loop environment was presented. Research limitations/implications Currently, the use of the system is limited to use on-board of well-equipped CS-23 class aircraft and is limited to use in good weather conditions. Practical implications The use of FRS will in case of emergency constitute a new category of emergency maneuver, used for dealing with no-human pilot available on-board situations – autonomous emergency destination finding and route execution. Originality/value This study helps in the introduction of multi-stage decision-making to autonomously reconfigure route.

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Mei, Yanlan, Ping Gui, Xianfeng Luo, Benbu Liang, Liuliu Fu y Xianrong Zheng. "IoT-based real time intelligent routing for emergent crowd evacuation". Library Hi Tech 37, n.º 3 (16 de septiembre de 2019): 604–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lht-11-2017-0251.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to take advantage of Internet of Things (IoT) for intelligent route programming of crowd emergency evacuation in metro station. It is a novel approach to ensure the crowd safety and reduce the casualties in the emergency context. An evacuation route programming model is constructed to select a suitable evacuation route and support the emergency decision maker of metro station. Design/methodology/approach The IoT technology is employed to collect and screen information, and to construct an expert decision model to support the metro station manager to make decision. As a feasible way to solve the multiple criteria decision-making problem, an improved multi-attributive border approximation area comparison (MABAC) approach is introduced. Findings The case study indicates that the model provides valuable suggestions for evacuation route programming and offers practical support for the design of an evacuation route guidance system. Moreover, IoT plays an important role in the process of intelligent route programming of crowd emergency evacuation in metro station. A library has similar structure and crowd characteristics of a metro station, thus the intelligent route programming approach can be applied to the library crowd evacuation. Originality/value The highlights of this paper are listed as followings: the accuracy and accessibility of the metro station’s real-time information are improved by integrating IoT technology with the intelligent route programming of crowd emergency evacuation. An improved MABAC approach is introduced to the expert support model. It promotes the applicability and reliability of decision making for emergency evacuation route selection in metro station. It is a novel way to combine the decision-making methods with practice.

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Liu, Linfan, Huajun Zhang, Jupeng Xie y Qin Zhao. "Dynamic Evacuation Planning on Cruise Ships Based on an Improved Ant Colony System (IACS)". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, n.º 2 (19 de febrero de 2021): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9020220.

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The emergency evacuation route planning of cruise ships directly affects the safety of all crew members and passengers during emergencies. Research on the planning of emergency evacuation routes for cruise ships is a frontier subject of maritime safety. This study proposes an improved ant colony system (IACS) to solve the evacuation route planning of crowds on cruise ships. The IACS, which is different from common single-path ant colony system (ACS) evacuation algorithms, is used to solve the multipath planning problem of crowd evacuation from cruise ships by considering crowd density and speed in the model. An increasing flow method is introduced into the IACS to improve the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. Numerical experiments show that this method meets the requirements of evacuation analysis guidelines for new and existing passenger ships (MSC.1/Circ.1533)and can effectively and efficiently plan the emergency evacuation path for cruise ship crowd.

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Mu, Haibo, Yubo Song y Linzhong Liu. "Route-Based Signal Preemption Control of Emergency Vehicle". Journal of Control Science and Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1024382.

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This paper focuses on the signal preemption control of emergency vehicles (EV). A signal preemption control method based on route is proposed to reduce time delay of EV at intersections. According to the time at which EV is detected and the current phase of each intersection on the travelling route of EV, the calculation methods of the earliest start time and the latest start time of green light at each intersection are given. Consequently, the effective time range of green light at each intersection is determined in theory. A multiobjective programming model, whose objectives are the minimal residence time of EV at all intersections and the maximal passing numbers of general society vehicles, is presented. Finally, a simulation calculation is carried out. Calculation results indicate that, by adopting the signal preemption method based on route, the delay of EV is reduced and the number of society vehicles passing through the whole system is increased. The signal preemption control method of EV based on route can reduce the time delay of EV and improve the evacuation efficiency of the system.

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Salika, Theodosia, Gary A. Abel, Silvia C. Mendonca, Christian von Wagner, Cristina Renzi, Annie Herbert, Sean McPhail y Georgios Lyratzopoulos. "Associations between diagnostic pathways and care experience in colorectal cancer: evidence from patient-reported data". Frontline Gastroenterology 9, n.º 3 (20 de abril de 2018): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/flgastro-2017-100926.

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ObjectiveTo examine how different pathways to diagnosis of colorectal cancer may be associated with the experience of subsequent care.DesignPatient survey linked to information on diagnostic route.English patients with colorectal cancer (analysis sample n=6837) who responded to a patient survey soon after their hospital treatment.Main outcome measuresOdds Ratios and adjusted proportions of negative evaluation of key aspects of care for colorectal cancer, including the experience of shared decision-making about treatment, specialist nursing and care coordination, by diagnostic route (ie, screening detection, emergency presentation, urgent and elective general practitioner referral).ResultsFor 14 of 18 questions, there was evidence (p≤0.02) for variation in patient experience by diagnostic route, with 6–31 percentage point differences between routes in adjusted proportions of negative experience. Emergency presenters were more likely to report a negative experience for most questions, including those about adequacy of information about their diagnosis and sufficient explanation before operations. Screen-detected patients were least likely to report negative experiences except for support from primary care. Patients diagnosed through elective primary care referrals were most likely to report worse experience for questions for which overall variation by route was generally small.ConclusionsScreening-detected patients tend to report the best and emergency presenters the worst experience of subsequent care. Improvement efforts can target care integration for screening-detected patients and provision of information about the diagnosis and treatment of emergency presenters.

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Burgert, James M., Andre Martinez, Mara O'Sullivan, Dawn Blouin, Audrey Long y Arthur D. Johnson. "Sternal Route More Effective than Tibial Route for Intraosseous Amiodarone Administration in a Swine Model of Ventricular Fibrillation". Prehospital Emergency Care 22, n.º 2 (14 de septiembre de 2017): 266–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10903127.2017.1358782.

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Rahman, N. Vinky y Lenita Aulia Sinaga. "Analysis of the Evacuation Route Effectiveness Based on the Hotel’s Visitor Evacuation Speed (Case Study: Grand Kanaya Hotel, Medan)". International Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 3, n.º 3 (18 de noviembre de 2019): 283–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/ijau.v3i3.3743.

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The territory of Indonesia has geographical, geological, hierarchical and demographic conditions that enable disasters or emergencies, whether caused by natural or non-natural factors. When an emergency occurs, evacuation must be carried out as quickly and effectively as possible to minimize losses. Evacuation Emergency conditions are things that need to be considered by every building manager. However, until now buildings are still often found that are operating but have not met the requirements of building function worthy certificates. The hotel building is one of the buildings that need to be considered is the emergency response system and its evacuation route. The hotel building is a vertical residential building that has many users and activities, so it requires an optimal evacuation route. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of evacuation routes in hotel buildings and recommend proper evacuation routes for a hotel building. A descriptive study was conducted to determine the existing conditions and simulations using Rockwell Arena software to determine the visitor's evacuation speed in hotel buildings. The results of the research and simulation of Rockwell Arena software indicate that the evacuation path in hotel buildings has not been sufficient so that design recommendations are needed to improve the effectiveness of evacuation routes. This research can be used as a reference and consideration for finding out the problems that exist on the evacuation routes in hotel buildings.

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Haghani, Ali y Haiying Qiao. "Snow Emergency Vehicle Routing with Route Continuity Constraints". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1783, n.º 1 (enero de 2002): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1783-15.

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FANG, Yuan-min, Jie CHEN, Chun-long AI, Chun-liang ZHANG, Shi-yong ZHOU, Xia-jiang FU y De-mao GU. "Real-time emergency route generating algorithm in tunnel". Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 21 (diciembre de 2011): s637—s641. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326(12)61654-9.

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Khalid, Ruzelan, Mohd Kamal Mohd. Nawawi, Md Azizul Baten y Nurhanis Ishak. "Analyzing and Optimizing Pedestrian Flow through a Single Route in a Topological Network". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, n.º 2.14 (6 de abril de 2018): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.14.11152.

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In emergency cases, people are typically recommended to use the shortest route to minimize their travelling time. This recommendation may however not yield the optimal performance in the long run since the route may be over utilized after a certain point of time and this situation eventually causes heavy blockages. This paper thus measures the pedestrian flow performance through all available single routes in a topological network based on relevant arrival rates. The performance was measured using an M/G/C/C state dependent queuing approach which dynamically models pedestrians’ walking speed in relation to their current density in a route. The analysis was based on an imaginary network consisting of various routes and topologies. For each route, its performance in terms of the throughput, blocking probability, expected number of pedestrians and expected travel time was first evaluated. The performance was then compared to each other and also compared to the flow performance if all available routes were utilized. The results indicated that the shortest route did not necessarily generate the optimal throughput and that the utilization of all available routes to flow pedestrians generated better performance. The optimal performance could be obtained if the arrival rate was controlled at a certain level.

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Yang, Y., Y. Mao, R. Xie, Y. Hu y Y. Nan. "A novel optimal route planning algorithm for searching on the sea". Aeronautical Journal 125, n.º 1288 (20 de enero de 2021): 1064–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aer.2020.146.

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ABSTRACTEmergency search and rescue on the sea is an important part of national emergency response for marine perils. Optimal route planning for maritime search and rescue is the key capability to reduce the searching time, improve the rescue efficiency, as well as guarantee the rescue target’s safety of life and property. The main scope of the searching route planning is to optimise the searching time and voyage within the constraints of missing search rate and duplicate search rate. This paper proposes an optimal algorithm for searching routes of large amphibious aircraft corresponding to its flight characteristics and sea rescue capability. This algorithm transforms the search route planning problem into a discrete programming problem and applies the route traceback indexes to satisfy the duplicate search rate and missing search rate.

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Колодкин, Владимир, Vladimir Kolodkin, Борис Чирков y Boris Chirkov. "System for Adaptive Control of Emergency Evacuation in Case of Fire in a Building". Safety in Technosphere 6, n.º 4 (18 de diciembre de 2017): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5a2907cc4f32d7.65348137.

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In this work are discussed the problems of emergency evacuation in case of fire in a building. Has been proposed a model of controlled evacuation based on minimizing the time for evacuation by the routes which are safe for people. The necessity of designing a system for adaptive control that automatically designs evacuation routes for the people in a burning building has been justified. For the route design purposes has been put in a function defining the possibility of safe evacuation on route segments depending on the state of environmental parameters in the building. The presented system of adaptive control supports the possibility for management of people evacuation from the building in case of fire in the real time mode. System operation modes and conditions of transition between them have been considered. Software and hardware implementations for the system have been proposed. A method for system’s relative efficiency estimation has been presented, and the efficiency of the system for adaptive control using the said method has been demonstrated.

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Wilson, Melissa A., Brittany L. Fouts y Charles J. Harding. "Investigation of Stethoscope Technology for En Route Care". Air Medical Journal 38, n.º 1 (enero de 2019): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2018.09.004.

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Wilson, Melissa A., Brittany L. Fouts y Charles J. Harding. "Investigation of Stethoscope Technology for En Route Care". Air Medical Journal 38, n.º 3 (mayo de 2019): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2018.12.004.

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Luo, Jian Feng y Tian Shan Ma. "An Evaluation Method of Route Risk for Regional Emergency Logistics". Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (diciembre de 2012): 1536–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.1536.

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Based on the route risk analysis of regional emergency logistics and combined field investigation , a two-level indicator system of emergency logistics’s route risk, which consists of time risk indicator ,safety risk indicator , information risk indicator,flexibility of the scheme indicator. The higher-level indicator is regarded as t he class of lower-level indicator.Within the same indicator class, principal components analysis method can be used to reduce indicators .The weight of index system are decided by improved analytic hierarchy process (IAHP) evaluation method on the baisi of careful investigations, Then the evaluation process of regional emergency logistics ’s route risk is set up by fuzzy evaluation method,which overcoming neglection of both subjectivity and objectivity.

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Zhang, Ya Ping, Cheng Ju Song, Zhi Chao Yang y Wei Zhang. "Research on Route Selection Model of Road Network Emergency Evacuation under Ice and Snow". Advanced Engineering Forum 5 (julio de 2012): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.5.144.

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The route selection of road network emergency evacuation is of great practical significance for possible emergencies in future. Based on analysis the principles of emergency path selection, the paper considers urban roads, which meets certain basic conditions as evacuation after the initial choice, take the traffic capacity, intersection density, vehicle delays in the intersection into consideration, and establish the route selection model of road network emergency evacuation under ice and snow.

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Jiang, Dong Qing y Qun Xiong Zhu. "Research on Emergency Supplies Scheduling Problem with Robust Optimization Approach". Advanced Materials Research 694-697 (mayo de 2013): 3462–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.694-697.3462.

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This paper study multiple warehouses emergency supplies dispatch problem. Emergency dispatch vehicles route problem is different from traditional vehicle route problem, it does not take minimization freight, driving distance or driving total time as the goal, but take a minimization unmet needs and delay time as the goal. We use robust operator to transfer multiple warehouses emergency dispatch model into robust counterpart model, and verifying the correctness of the model with number experiment.

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Gai, Wen-mei, Zhong-an Jiang, Yun-feng Deng, Jing Li y Yan Du. "Multiobjective Route Planning Model and Algorithm for Emergency Management". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/565403.

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In order to model route planning problem for emergency logistics management taking both route timeliness and safety into account, a multiobjective mathematical model is proposed based on the theories of bounded rationality. The route safety is modeled as the product of safety through arcs included in the path. For solving this model, we convert the multiobjective optimization problem into its equivalent deterministic form. We take uncertainty of the weight coefficient for each objective function in actual multiobjective optimization into account. Finally, we develop an easy-to-implement heuristic in order to gain an efficient and feasible solution and its corresponding appropriate vector of weight coefficients quickly. Simulation results show the effectiveness and feasibility of the models and algorithms presented in this paper.

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Wang, Ze, Haiqiang Yang y Linglin Ni. "The Effect of Regret-Based Risky Route Choice on the Traffic Equilibrium for Emergency Evacuation". Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (10 de octubre de 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8858302.

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Following the research on human decision-making under risk and uncertainty, the purpose of this paper is to analyze evacuees’ risky route decision behavior and its effect on traffic equilibrium. It examines the possibility of applying regret theory to model travellers’ regret-taking behavior and network equilibrium in emergency context. By means of modifying the utility function in expected utility theory, a regret-based evacuation traffic equilibrium model is established, accounting for the evacuee’s psychological behavior of regret aversion and risk aversion. Facing two parallel evacuation routes choice situation, the effect of evacuees’ risk aversion and regret aversion on traffic equilibrium is numerically investigated as well as the road capacity reduction from natural disaster. The findings reveal that evacuees prefer the riskless route with the lower travel time as the increase of the regret aversion degree. The equilibrium tends to be achieved when more evacuees choose the safer route jointly affected by risk aversion and regret aversion. Moreover, an optimization model for disaster occurring possibility is formulated to assess the traffic system performance for evacuation management. These findings are helpful for understanding how the regret aversion and risk aversion influence traffic equilibrium.

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35

Jain, Jenil. "Shortest Path for Emergency Services: A Comparative Analysis". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, n.º VI (10 de junio de 2021): 426–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.34974.

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In emergency situations, choosing a wrong route or farther end point may increase the travel time. Discovering the shortest path between the start and end point in a road network is a difficult task. This paper provides an analysis of a few path finding algorithms like Dijkstra’s and A-star with various heuristic functions, used to find the shortest route. We also propose a system which can be used in case of emergency situations like accident, theft, etc to reach the emergency destinations as fast as possible, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) based system and leaflet.js.

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36

Newsom-Davis, Thomas. "The route to diagnosis: emergency presentation of lung cancer". Lung Cancer Management 6, n.º 2 (noviembre de 2017): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/lmt-2017-0004.

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37

Moore, B. D., R. R. C. New, W. Butcher, R. Mahood, J. Steward, M. Bayliss, C. MacLeod, M. Bogus y E. D. Williamson. "Dual route vaccination for plague with emergency use applications". Vaccine 36, n.º 34 (agosto de 2018): 5210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.06.039.

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38

Tashlykov, O. L., A. N. Sesekin y S. E. Shcheklein. "Route Optimization Methods for Response to Radiological Emergency Situations". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 972 (22 de noviembre de 2020): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/972/1/012004.

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39

Jinesh, G. G. y A. M. Kamat. "Blebbishield emergency program: an apoptotic route to cellular transformation". Cell Death & Differentiation 23, n.º 5 (11 de marzo de 2016): 757–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cdd.2016.26.

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40

Chang, Chir-Ho, Ro-Yu Wu y Jin-Ling Lin. "A DUAL ROUTE PLANNING FOR UNKNOWN SCALED EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT". Journal of the Chinese Institute of Industrial Engineers 26, n.º 3 (enero de 2009): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10170660909509136.

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41

Singh, Puyam S., Rosly B. Lyngdoh, Dibyajyoti Chutia, Victor Saikhom, Bhargav Kashyap y S. Sudhakar. "Dynamic shortest route finder using pgRouting for emergency management". Applied Geomatics 7, n.º 4 (23 de julio de 2015): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12518-015-0161-4.

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42

Shaaban, Khaled, Muhammad Asif Khan, Ridha Hamila y Mohammad Ghanim. "A Strategy for Emergency Vehicle Preemption and Route Selection". Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 44, n.º 10 (17 de mayo de 2019): 8905–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13369-019-03913-8.

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43

Song, Dongwoo, Haejun Park, Changhoon Bang, Rob Agnew y Virginia Charter. "Spatial Familiarity and Exit Route Selection in Emergency Egress". Fire Technology 55, n.º 6 (10 de abril de 2019): 2269–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10694-019-00858-0.

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44

Celık, Turgay, Cengiz Ozturk, Sevket Balta, Sait Demırkol y Atila Iyısoy. "A new route to life in patients with circulatory shock: intraosseous route". American Journal of Emergency Medicine 34, n.º 5 (mayo de 2016): 922–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2016.02.035.

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45

Aitkenhead, A. R. "Drug administration during CPR: What route?" Resuscitation 22, n.º 2 (octubre de 1991): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9572(91)90011-m.

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46

Lebon, J., F. Bégin, R. Fleet y A. B. Tanguay. "P077: Subcutaneous fentanyl administration for pain management in prehospital setting". CJEM 18, S1 (mayo de 2016): S104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2016.253.

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Background: Intravenous (IV) and Intranasal (IN) route for analgesic administration cannot always be used to provide adequate pain management in pre-hospital setting. Objective: In a rural and suburban pre-hospital setting, studying the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of the subcutaneous (SC) route for fentanyl administration by Basic Life Service-Emergency Medical Technician (BLS-EMT) for pain management, with the support of an online medical control (OLMC) center. Methods: Retrospective study of patients who received subcutaneous fentanyl and were transported by BLS-EMT to an emergency department (ED). Safety and feasibility were characterized by collecting vital signs, Ramsey sedation scores and adverse events following fentanyl administration, and effectiveness was evaluated by changes in pain scores. Parametric and non-parametric tests were used for statistical analyses comparing age groups (<70 & ≥70 years old) regarding transport time. Results: Pain scores ≥7 were found in 288 patients (14-93 years old) who were eligible for analgesia. 249 (86.5%) of the 284 (98.6%) who received subcutaneous fentanyl were included for analysis. At baseline, no difference (p>0.05) in pain scores pre-fentanyl between groups even if patients<70 years old received a significant higher dose of fentanyl than those ≥70 years old (1.4±0.3 v/s 0.8±0.2mcg/kg, p<0.05). Post-administration pain score decreased significantly while proportion of patients achieving a pain relief increased significantly (p<0.05) regarding transport time (15, 30 or 45min) to ED. Adverse events were present in 1.6% of the patients [hypotension (n=2; 0.8%), nausea (n=1; 0.4%), and Ramsey score>3 (n=1; 0.4%)]. Conclusion: Under the supervision of an OLMC center, subcutaneous fentanyl administration by BLS-EMT for pain management seems to be a feasible approach, with a safe and effective route without major adverse event in pre-hospital setting. Pain relief increased with longer transport time. Further studies are needed to determine the benefits of SC route when compared to other administration routes in EMS.

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Leaby, Akeel Kassim, A. Yassin, Mushtaq Hasson y Abdullah Rashid. "Towards design strong emergency and COVID-19 authentication scheme in VANET". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 21, n.º 3 (10 de marzo de 2021): 1808. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i3.pp1808-1819.

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The wide use of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) in the last decade hasled many researchers to find efficient and reliable methods to obtain the desired benefits and offer services, such as healthcare and traffic management. However, VANETs suffer from security issues represented by authentication and data integrity. In thispaper, we propose a robust mutual authentication scheme based on elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), cryptography hash function, and a pseudonym. The proposed work was twofold in focus: first, on healthcare in emergency cars which use VANETs, and second, on overcoming security issues, such as resisting familiar attacks (e.g. insider attacks and reply attacks). Because of the serious situation generated by the worldwide outbreak of the Covid-19 epidemic, we also found this research valuable in supporting global efforts to combat the rapid spread of this virus, by finding the safest and fastest routes to epidemic treatment centres for medical staff, assistance teams in medical operations, fumigation control, and all work teams associated with disease control. This research attempts to contribute by proposing a special signal used to define epidemic teams. The best route, fast route can be chosen by using VANETs infrastructure. This scheme also deals with metric security features, such as key management, data integrity, and data privacy. In the communication and computation cost, we noticed that our proposed scheme achieved good results compared with the related works.

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48

Liu, Yu Jie. "Optimization Mechanism Modeling for Emergency Evacuation in Group Incidents". Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (febrero de 2014): 3224–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.3224.

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The paper mainly discusses the emergency evacuation when group incident occurs. In crowded areas, group incidents will result in disorder of flow information, nonlinear and catastrophe of flow density and motion direction. The traditional evacuation route guidance only selects evacuation route for orderly, smooth flow density variations, in which nonlinearity and mutation of the flow information cannot be reflected. Therefore, once the Group incidents occurred, the stability of the model will be destroyed. To solve the problem, the paper proposes an emergency evacuation method based on path collision probability estimation model. Simulation results show that this algorithm can improve the speed of evacuation.

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T N, Dr Chethanananda, Dr Mamatha H S, Dr Sagar G C y Dr Shashank M R. "Intraosseous Route with Epidural Needle for Emergency Intraoperative Resuscitation and Reversal in Pediatric Emergency Surgery". IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences 13, n.º 3 (2014): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/0853-13323233.

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50

Hwang, Jun-Su y Young-Bok Choi. "Route Exploration Algorithm for Emergency Rescue Support on Urgent Disaster". Journal of the Korea Contents Association 16, n.º 9 (28 de septiembre de 2016): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/jkca.2016.16.09.012.

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