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1
Nortjé, Alwyn Emile. "A local government's executive authority in respect of "municipal planning" / by A.E. Nortjé". Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1260.
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The Development Facilitation Act' came into operation on 22 December 1995
and it inter alia provides for Development Tribunals to be established in the
respective Provinces to consider any land development application.
The DFA did not, however, repeal the various provincial ordinances2 which
applied in the respective former provinces. Thus, the Development Tribunals,
as a provincial body and established in terms of a national act, are currently
taking decisions on any land development application, whilst you also have
municipalities who take decisions on land development applications in terms
of the old provincial Ordinances still in operation. In other words, two decision making
bodies from different spheres of government taking decisions on
development applications in the same area of jurisdiction.
Not all the Provinces established these Tribunals. However, the establishment
of these Tribunals in those Provinces that did adopt such an approach and
them taking decisions on any land development application, even if the land is
situated within the jurisdiction of a municipality, has now lead to an
intergovernmental dispute between such municipalities and the respective
Provincial Governments. This is certainly the case in the Gauteng Province.
The dispute stems from section 156 of the 1996 Constitution of the Republic
of South Africa3 which states that a municipality has executive authority in
respect of and has the right to administer the local government matters listed
in parts B of schedules 4 and 5 to the Constitution.
It is the functional areas of the powers and functions of provincial and local
government that are listed in these schedules with part A confined to
provincial government and part B to local government. Schedule 4 contains
the functional areas of concurrent national and provincial legislative
competence and schedule 5 the functional areas of exclusive provincial
legislative competence.
The problem arises in that these schedules list the functional areas without
any detailed definitions of each functional area. There seems to be a
considerable overlap between provincial and local government functional
areas. This lack of clarity, in practice, creates confusion about who does what
and who has authority over what.
One of these functional areas listed in schedule 4 part B as a local
government matter is "municipal planning". On the other hand schedule 4 part
A lists "regional planning and development" as well as "urban and rural
development" as functional areas.
Because of the above mentioned overlap of the different functional areas,
municipalities are arguing that it has the exclusive right to do "municipal
planning" in its area of jurisdiction, in other words, the exclusive right to take
decisions on all land development applications in its area of jurisdiction, whilst
the respective Provincial Governments are arguing that it does not have such
an exclusive right based on the fact that "urban and rural development" have
been included as one of its functional areas.
The Tribunals established in terms of the DFA are, therefore, taking decisions
on any land development application submitted in terms of the DFA, even if
the land is situated within the jurisdiction of a municipality, as it is of the view
that such authority falls within the ambit of "urban and rural development" as
one of its functional areas as a provincial body.
This paper will endeavour to explain the confusion that currently exists around
"municipal planning" on the one hand compared to "urban and rural
development" on the other.
It will also try to put a definition to "municipal planning" and then lastly it will
analyse whether a local government's executive authority in respect of
"municipal planning" is being compromised or impeded by national and/or
provincial government.
This will be done with specific reference to the DFA and the powers and
functions set out in it and the Development Tribunals established in terms
thereof, compared to the provisions of especially the Local Government:
Municipal Systems Act, provisions of other relevant local government
legislation relating to town-planning and the Constitution.Thesis (LL.M. (Public Law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.
2
Fletcher, Kimberley Liane. "The Collision of Political and Legal Time| Foreign Affairs and the Court's Transformation of Executive Authority". Thesis, State University of New York at Albany, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3620215.
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A dynamic institutional relationship exists between the United States executive branch and the United States Supreme Court. This dissertation examines how the Court affects constitutional and political development by taking a leading role in interpreting presidential decision-making in the area of foreign affairs since 1936. Examining key cases and controversies in foreign policymaking, primarily in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, this dissertation highlights the patterns of intercurrences and the mutual construction process that takes place at the juncture of legal and political time. In so doing, it is more than evident that the Court not only sanctions the claims made by executives of unilateral decision-making, but also that the Court takes a leading role in (re)defining the very scope and breadth of executive foreign policymaking.
3
Shero, Phillip A. "Embedded Leadership| The Role of Gisu Clan Elders in Uganda in Supporting and Limiting Executive Authority". Thesis, Regent University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3632014.
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Research has identified a problem of executive authorities in Africa that operate largely free of accountability and/or balance of power, often resulting in oppression, tyranny, or other abuses of power. In response to calls for greater understanding of indigenous African leadership (Littrell, 2011), this dissertation used problem-focused ethnographic methods to investigate characteristics of Gisu/Masaaba clan elder leadership in East Africa, specifically as elders interact with executive authority. Elders are a tribal form of leadership wherein leaders are embedded in the community but lack political power. The research question asked: What are the modalities indigenous to Gisu culture, specifically from elder councils, that facilitate accountability and balance of power in African governance, and how could biblical descriptions of elders be useful in the Gisu's self-perception and construction of elder-based leadership? The study (N = 49) employed participant observation as well as directed observation and interview-based participant listening with elders, youth, and government leaders to produce rich qualitative data. After coding emergent themes and categories, thick descriptions of Gisu clan elder leadership formed a foundation for analysis. Emergent themes were first analyzed using indigenous typologies and then using analyst-constructed typologies before being interpreted to present an indigenous portrayal of traditional Gisu elders' characteristics, concerns, actions, and modalities. Research data provided support for elders' facilitating accountability through speaking directly to the leader, escalating complaints to higher authorities, and taking the case to the public; the data also offered support, to a lesser degree, for elders facilitating balance of power related to executive authority through formation of supraclan bodies such as the Inzu ya Masaaba and Elders Forum as well as through persistently utilizing the modality of elders' voice to call for reform. Drawing from the research data, the author offered suggestions for how biblical descriptions of elders could be useful in the Gisu's self-perception and construction of elder-based leadership, specifically addressing two threats to elder self-perception and construction of elder-based leadership by way of reclaiming important traditional aspects of eldership.
4
Conley, Benjamin J. "A Critical Examination of the Bush Administration’s Expansion of Executive Authority During the “War on Terror”". Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1114624821.
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Mackay, Christopher John. "Large housing organisations : a comparative study of the Hong Kong Housing Authority and the Northern Ireland Housing Executive". Thesis, University of Ulster, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390163.
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Katoma, Fillemon Ndangi. "The role of middle managers in strategy execution : a case study of a local authority council". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/957.
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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Successful strategy execution remains critical for any organisation. Yet many organisations seem to have difficulties in implementing their strategies, especially in the public sector. This study explores the role of middle managers in executing organisational strategies in the local government sector. The study adopted a qualitative research method and followed a case study strategy, using a local authority council (LAC) in Namibia. Using semi-structured individual interviews, I interviewed 10 middle managers, selected through applying purposive sampling and representing diverse characteristics of the target group. I introduced a theoretical framework consisting of four research focus areas to guide the study: the value-adding role of middle managers, the key enablers for middle managers to execute strategies successfully, the key processes they follow and the key tools they use to implement corporate strategies. I also conducted a critical literature review on the above focus areas. The findings suggest that middle managers interpret, communicate and translate organisational strategic goals into actions in their value-adding role as champions, synthesisers, facilitators and implementers. The results of the research study also indicates that communication and the availability of resources are key enabling factors, whereas systems, structures, policies and communication channels are key processes impacting on the middle managers' effective implementation of corporate strategies in this LAC. In the same vein, resources – information technology (IT) in particular, performance management systems and laws – were found to be the key tools. Some disconfirming evidence also emerged from the study, suggesting that some middle managers play a value-subtracting role, characterised by disruptive behaviour and being bogged down in routine duties. This research study is, at best, an explorative one, as it used a limited sample. Further research is necessary to gain more in-depth insights about the different roles of middle managers and their influence on strategy generation and implementation versus the role of top/senior managers. As the study employed a case study design, the generalisability of the findings is also limited to this LAC. Further, while I aimed to give a trustworthy account of the experiences of the research participants, many factors may have interfered with the processes of fair collection and interpretation of data, including personal emotional involvement with the topic, presuppositions formed from reading the literature, and various aspects of the interaction with the research participants. Further research is therefore needed to validate the assumed relationships that are expressed in the thematic map. This study is of value to the LAC in that, in the present context of this organisation, top management formulate the organisational strategic goals (vision, mission, strategic thrusts and objectives), with little involvement of middle managers. The study records the views of middle managers, indicating that there is a gap between the agenda setting and leadership of top managers and the observed roles of middle managers. Yet, effective strategy execution requires constant feedback, commenting on and questioning the strategy in order to facilitate understanding. Middle managers thus correctly argue that continuous dialogue and interaction with senior managers increases the alignment of their tactical initiatives with top management's conception of corporate strategy.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suksesvolle strategieuitvoering bly van deurslaggewende belang vir enige organisasie. Tog is dit oënskynlik vir menige instansie moeilik om hulle strategieë ten uitvoer te bring, veral in die openbare sektor. Hierdie studie ondersoek die rol van middelvlakbestuurders in die toepassing van organisatoriese strategieë in die plaaslike regeringsektor. Met behulp van ʼn kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetode en ʼn gevallestudieontwerp, is ʼn Namibiese plaaslike regeringsraad ('n sogenaamde LAC) onder die loep geneem. Semi-gestruktureerde afsonderlike onderhoude is met tien middelvlakbestuurders gevoer, welke tiental deur doelgerigte steekproefneming gekies is en die diverse kenmerke van die teikengroep verteenwoordig. Die studie word gerig deur ʼn teoretiese raamwerk met vier navorsingsfokusgebiede, naamlik die waardetoevoegingsrol van middelvlakbestuurders; die kerninstaatstellers vir middelvlakbestuurders om strategieë suksesvol in werking te stel; en die kernprosesse wat middelvlakbestuurders volg, sowel as die kerninstrumente wat hulle gebruik om korporatiewe strategieë uit te voer. ʼn Oorsig van kritieke literatuur is ook op elk van voormelde fokusgebiede onderneem. Die bevindinge dui daarop dat middelvlakbestuurders, in hulle waardetoevoegingsrol as kampvegters, sintetiseerders, fasiliteerders en toepassers, organisatoriese strategiese doelwitte vertolk, oordra en in dade omskakel. Die navorsing bevind ook dat kommunikasie en die beskikbaarheid van hulpbronne kerninstaatstellers is, terwyl stelsels, struktuur, beleid en kommunikasiekanale die kernprosesse is wat middelvlakbestuurders se doeltreffende inwerkingstelling van korporatiewe strategieë in die LAC onder beskouing beïnvloed. In dieselfde trant blyk hulpbronne – veral inligtingstegnologie, ʼn prestasiebestuurstelsel en wette – die kerninstrumente te wees. Die studie lewer egter ook teenstellende bewyse op dat sommige middelvlakbestuurders inderwaarheid ʼn waardeverminderingsrol speel, omdat hulle ontwrigtend optree en in roetinetake vasval. Hierdie navorsingstudie is hoogstens ondersoekend, met ʼn beperkte steekproef. Verdere navorsing is dus nodig om ʼn dieper insig in die verskillende rolle van middelvlakbestuurders en hulle invloed op die formulering en inwerkingstelling van strategie teenoor dié van top-/senior bestuurders te verkry. Aangesien die studie van ʼn gevallestudieontwerp gebruik maak, is die veralgemeenbaarheid van die bevindinge ook beperk tot die onderhawige LAC. Voorts, hoewel die studie 'n betroubare weergawe van die navorsingsdeelnemers se ervaringe probeer gee, kon verskeie faktore met die prosesse van billike datainsameling en datavertolking ingemeng het, wat persoonlike betrokkenheid by die onderwerp, vooronderstellings uit die literatuur, en vele aspekte met betrekking tot wisselwerking met navorsingsdeelnemers insluit. Die aangenome verhoudinge in die tematiese kaart moet dus deur middel van verdere navorsing bekragtig word. Die studie is van waarde vir die betrokke LAC, aangesien die topbestuur van die organisasie tans die organisatoriese strategiese doelwitte (visie, misie, strategiese fokuspunte en oogmerke) sonder veel oorleg met middelvlakbestuurders bepaal. Middelvlakbestuurders kon dus deur hierdie studie ook húlle menings lug, waaruit duidelik blyk dat daar ʼn gaping is tussen topbestuurders se agendabepaling en leierskap, en die waargenome rolle van middelvlakbestuurders. Doeltreffende strategieuitvoering verg egter deurlopende terugvoering oor, kommentaar op, en bevraagtekening van die strategie ten einde werklike begrip in die hand te werk. Middelvlakbestuurders het dus gelyk dat voortdurende gesprekvoering en wisselwerking met senior bestuurders nodig is om te verseker dat taktiese projekte op middelvlak in pas is met die topbestuur se gedagtes oor korporatiewe strategie.
7
Williams, Juan-Pierre. "Assessing the independence and credibility of the national prosecuting authority". University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7351.
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Magister Legum - LLMMembers of the National Prosecuting Authority (NPA) are required to be dedicated to the rule of law. Yet, recent and past decision-making has caused instability in the functioning of the NPA. The decision to prosecute or not to prosecute involves the exercise of discretion. The NPAs use of this discretion has been called into question on numerous occasions which has resulted in the erosion of its independence and credibility. There are constitutional and legislative provisions in place to guide prosecutors in the decision-making process which allows for a measure of accountability. However, the link between prosecutorial independence and accountability for decision-making is not clear when looking at recent and past decisions by the National Directors of Public Prosecutions. Therefore, an evaluation of the instability in the office of the National Director of Public Prosecutions during the period of 1998-2018 will be discussed. The research discusses the unwarranted intrusion on prosecutorial decision-making. Furthermore, external interfering has resulted in the loss of public confidence in the functioning of the NPA. The administrative duties of prosecutors are guided by constitutional and legislative procedures. Hence, the research will identify whether these procedures are efficient for the effective administration of the NPA. Key to the already mentioned will be providing recommendations on how to create stability in an institution that has been surrounded by instability for the past 20 years.
8
Behrendt, Silvia Katharina. "The international health regulations and the executive authority of the World Health Organization during public health emergencies of international concern /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000292640.
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Tošnerová, Monika. "Exekutivní dekrety v parlamentních systémech: případ Itálie". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201696.
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This thesis analyzes use of extraordinary legislative instruments with a special focus on executive decrees. Executive decrees are analyzed in terms of their theoretical definition and their practical use in connection with other executive and legislative powers. The main part of the study is dedicated to the case study which analyzes the frequent use of executive decrees in Italy. The aim of the thesis is to determine causes of this phenomenon, examine how the use of executive decrees affects the democratic functioning of parliamentary democracy, and to find general tendencies of use of executive decree power across different political systems. The study therefore contains also a comparative analysis of the Italian case with other chosen countries - Argentina, Brazil and Spain, whose constitutions also allow executive power to promulgate decrees.
10
Calvert, Vanessa Yvonne. "Relationship between the executive and legislative authority in South Africa with reference to the role of the leader of government business in the legislative and oversight processes". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5177.
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Masters in Public Administration - MPAThe relationship between the executive and the legislature in South Africa is determined by the Constitution. The study focuses on the separation of powers in a single party-dominant system and examines the role of the Leader of Government Business in parliamentary processes. The Leader of Government Business is appointed by the President in terms of Section 91(4) of the Constitution. The role is outlined in the terms of National Assembly Rule (150), while the functions have been developed over time since 1994. Though an executive function an office in parliament was established to act as conduit between the executive and the legislature on matters relating to the legislative and oversight processes. The office mainly fulfills its role by monitoring government‟s legislative programme and ensuring that government‟s priorities are achieved. Over the past 15 years, the office of the LOGB has developed into one that performs a dual function supporting both the executive and the legislature. Parliament relies more and more on this office in executing its oversight responsibilities with regard to the functions of programming in ensuring the availability of the executive, tracking matters of executive compliance and tracking vacancies in institutions that support democracy. The study employed a combination of research methods. It used a desk top study approach by consulting relevant literature on the subject matter. Interviews were conducted with both politicians and relevant officials in the South African Parliament and the House of Commons in Britain to gauge their perceptions, knowledge and experiences in respect of the role of the executive and the legislature in the legislative and oversight processes. Reports of Portfolio and Select Committees on deliberations during the legislative and oversight processes were consulted.
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Pypers, Elain. "The state capture of independent institutions: An analysis of the National Prosecuting Authority, 1998-2017". University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6722.
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Magister Commercii - MComThis thesis focuses on the National Prosecuting Authority (NPA) of South Africa between 1998 and 2017, by looking at whether it acts as an independent institution and if it strengthens the quality of democracy in the country. The research addresses various sub-research questions such as, what is independence? What is a quality democracy? Is the NPA able to foster democratic accountability? It further assesses to which extent executive influence and leadership instability affect the independence of the NPA, by looking at the relationship between the executive – the state Presidents’ and government officials – and the NPA, over the years, in terms of the law practiced. And lastly, whether the role of ANC has affected the NPA. These questions arise out of my interest to understand the NPA in terms of its constitutional mandate and how it impacts democracy. The principal concepts used to date indicates that democracy comprises several procedural norms. These democratic norms – accountability, the constraint of executive power, the separation of powers, and the rule of law form the bases for my research study; while other integral factors include independence, state capture, and dominant party systems. The research methodology for this thesis incorporated qualitative research, a case study, and triangulation. The research also included interviews, with Advocate Shaun Abrahams, Dr Silas Ramaite, Advocate Vusi Pikoli, Advocate Glynnis Breytenbach, Mr Steven Swart, Mr Lawson Naidoo, Mr Paul Hoffman, Dr Jeff Rudin, Professor Lukas Muntingh, Professor Lovell Fernandez, Mr Gareth Newham, and Advocate Mike Pothier as the interviewees. The data analysis and synthesis suggest that the lack of oversight of the NPA alongside the political dominance of the ANC has allowed for an infiltration of political influence within the institution resulting in the selective prosecution of high-profile cases. The data highlights the blurring of lines as a result of state capture which has tainted the NPA’s independence. The importance of this research study lies in the relationship of the NPA and democracy, as an erosion of the NPA essentially correlates with the weakening of democracy. Therefore it is vital to protect our independent institutions, like the NPA, as they strengthen our democracy, assist in upholding the rule of law and the Constitution.
12
Addinall-Biddulph, Charles. "'The same authority as God' : the U.S. presidency and executive power in the works of Thomas Pynchon, Philip Roth and Cormac McCarthy". Thesis, Durham University, 2015. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11283/.
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This thesis aims to interrogate the role and representation of the United States presidency, presidential figures and avatars, and the question of executive power more generally, in the works of Thomas Pynchon, Philip Roth and Cormac McCarthy. Observing a gap in current criticism of these authors, and American literature generally, I propose that the presidency/executive provides a new and important way of mapping these authors’ work. In this I seek to build on Sean McCann’s work on this area in A Pinnacle of Feeling. My project situates itself in a historical framework, investigating the extensive network of historical evidence that each author uses in their conception of and dialogue with the presidency and executive power. My argument takes Pynchon’s portrayal of George Washington, the United States’ semi-mythical first president, in Mason & Dixon as its starting point, then proceeds to consider a range of texts before finally discussing the presence of Ronald Reagan and the rise of corporate power in McCarthy’s No Country for Old Men. I posit that in each of these authors’ work, the executive power is present simultaneously as an embodied and a “phantom” force, shaping the narrative and subjective individual experiences even when characters are not expressly engaged in political activity. A complex relay between embodied and phantom forces is apparent, with the identity and even physicality of individual presidential figures and avatars substantially affecting the operation of this power, amid a nuanced dialogue with the nation’s historical narrative. This dynamic occurs across these authors’ work, although they have divergent political and literary approaches. This thesis aims finally to establish this framework of executive power as a fundamental aspect of these authors’ writing that is vital to understanding their thinking about the United States, its history, and socio-political context, which could ultimately be extended to many other cultural and literary texts and their producers.
13
Miso, Fundiswa Thelma. "The role of council committees in promoting financial accountability: A case study of Stellenbosch municipality". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_4038_1363691629.
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Municipal councils are vested with the legal authority to promote financial accountability in their respective municipalities. To accomplish this responsibility, municipal council establishes committees to enable a structured and coordinated mechanism through which it can promote financial accountability effectively. However and despite the available legal and institutional mechanisms established to enable council committees to promote financial accountability, the lack of effective financial accountability in municipalities has persisted. This study focused on the role of council committees in ensuring financial accountability. It was guided by the following research questions: What are the major factors that contribute to financial accountability at local level, what is the role of council committees in promoting financial accountability and how can council committees be strengthened to play an effective role in Stellenbosch municipality&rsquo
s municipal financial accountability. Stellenbosch Local Municipality was used as a case study for this research. The data was collected from primary and secondary sources. Primary data was sourced from members of relevant council committees through structured and unstructured interviews. Secondary data was obtained from relevant municipal reports, internet sources, government department publications, journals and Auditor - General&rsquo
s reports which contributed to the reliability, validity and objectivity of the findings. The findings showed that political instability, a lack of a culture of accountability, lack of clearly defined authority for accountability, lack of relevant capacity and willingness are some of the major factors that have impacted negatively on council committees from promoting effective financial accountability. The study opens up the possibility of future research to include a wider number of municipalities.
14
Hamer, Herina. "The functionality of a district municipality as a transport authority : the case of the West Rand, Gauteng Province / Herina Hamer". Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1357.
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Gladden, Paul Robert. "Rule-Governed Behavior: Investigating a Structural Model of Influences on Adherence to Rules". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/145591.
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Behavior-analytic accounts of rule-adherence behavior suggest that rule-governance is a general class of functional (i.e., instrumental) behavior maintained by social consequences (Baum, 2005; Malott & Suarez, 2004; Jacobs et al., in prep.). Evolutionary Life-History (LH) theory suggests that LH strategy may underlie variation in rule-adherence behavior. Based on an integration of these two theories, a theoretical structural model of rule-governance was developed and tested. The structure of this model was used to develop follow-up experiments to test particularly salient links in the model. Consistent with theory, the structural model indicated that slow LH strategy directly and indirectly (through increased moral emotions and increased executive functioning) contributed to strength of rule-governance. Two experiments failed to replicate previously demonstrated effects of executive function depletion or moral identity priming (on moral behavioral outcome measures). Further, self-report measures of slow LH strategy, executive functioning, and rule-governance did not predict prosocial (donating) or rule-defiance (cheating) behavior in laboratory tasks. The limitations of relying solely on either self-report or behavioral tasks of unknown external validity are discussed.
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Montay, Benoît. "Doctrine des fonctions de l’“Executif”". Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020083.
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L’analyse des fonctions juridiques de l’État, telle qu’elle a été développée à partir du XVIIe siècle, notamment par Locke, est demeurée dans l’ensemble assez pauvre et a été soumise à des tensions peu propres à favoriser l’élucidation sereine des difficultés qu’elle soulevait, en particulier dans les débuts de la Révolution française. Il en est résulté une véritable vulgate philosophico-juridique établissant trois fonctions – législative, juridictionnelle, administrative – qui ne cadrent guère avec la diversité des activités de l’État, singulièrement la fonction administrative ou « exécutive » conçue d’un point de vue organique comme une catégorie résiduelle embrassant l’ensemble des actes juridiques et des actes matériels de ce que l’on ne saurait nommer « Exécutif » qu’avec la prudence des guillemets. Le propos de la thèse est donc d’offrir une méthodologie que l’on pourrait dire « réaliste » afin de construire une typologie complète des fonctions de l’Exécutif en distinguant les infinies manières d’édicter un acte juridique ou de commettre un acte matériel. Au terme de cette typologie, dont la summa divisio oppose les fonctions internes aux fonctions internationales, il apparaît que cet organe exerce ou participe peu ou prou à l’intégralité des activités de l’État. Des actes aux fonctions et des fonctions à l’essence, cette thèse se propose enfin de qualifier la nature d’un « Exécutif » qui ne saurait être réduit à un simple « pouvoir », au sens où l’on entend habituellement ce terme, mais qui est encore et surtout une « autorité », autorité désormais fragilisée et concurrencéeThe analysis of the legal functions of State, as it was developed from the seventeenth century, notably by Locke, has remained generally rather poor and has been subjected to tensions not likely to promote elucidation of the difficulties it raised, particularly in the early days of the French Revolution. The result was a veritable philosophico-juridical vulgate establishing three functions - legislative, jurisdictional, administrative - that do not fit very well with the diversity of the activities of the State, particularly the administrative or "executive" function conceived from an organic point of view as a residual category embracing all the legal acts and material acts of what can only be called "Executive" with the prudence of the quotation marks. The purpose of the thesis is therefore to offer a methodology that could be called "realistic" in order to construct a complete typology of the functions of the Executive by distinguishing the infinite ways of enacting a legal act or committing a material act. At the end of this typology, whose summa divisio opposes the internal functions to the international functions, it appears that this organ exercises or participates more or less in the whole of the activities of the State. From actions to functions and functions to essence, this thesis proposes finally to qualify the nature of an "Executive" which can not be reduced to a mere "power", in the sense in which one usually hears this term, but which is still and above all an "authority", which is now challenged
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Pypers, Elaine. "The State Capture of Independent Institutions: An analysis of the National Prosecuting Authority, 1998-2017". University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6515.
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Magister Commercii - Mcom (Political Studies)This thesis focuses on the National Prosecuting Authority (NPA) of South Africa between 1998 and 2017, by looking at whether it acts as an independent institution and if it strengthens the quality of democracy in the country. The research addresses various sub-research questions such as, what is independence? What is a quality democracy? Is the NPA able to foster democratic accountability? It further assesses to which extent executive influence and leadership instability affect the independence of the NPA, by looking at the relationship between the executive – the state Presidents’ and government officials – and the NPA, over the years, in terms of the law practiced. And lastly, whether the role of ANC has affected the NPA. These questions arise out of my interest to understand the NPA in terms of its constitutional mandate and how it impacts democracy. The principal concepts used to date indicates that democracy comprises several procedural norms. These democratic norms – accountability, the constraint of executive power, the separation of powers, and the rule of law form the bases for my research study; while other integral factors include independence, state capture, and dominant party systems. The research methodology for this thesis incorporated qualitative research, a case study, and triangulation. The research also included interviews, with Advocate Shaun Abrahams, Dr Silas Ramaite, Advocate Vusi Pikoli, Advocate Glynnis Breytenbach, Mr Steven Swart, Mr Lawson Naidoo, Mr Paul Hoffman, Dr Jeff Rudin, Professor Lukas Muntingh, Professor Lovell Fernandez, Mr Gareth Newham, and Advocate Mike Pothier as the interviewees. The data analysis and synthesis suggest that the lack of oversight of the NPA alongside the political dominance of the ANC has allowed for an infiltration of political influence within the institution resulting in the selective prosecution of high-profile cases. The data highlights the blurring of lines as a result of state capture which has tainted the NPA’s independence. The importance of this research study lies in the relationship of the NPA and democracy, as an erosion of the NPA essentially correlates with the weakening of democracy. Therefore it is vital to protect our independent institutions, like the NPA, as they strengthen our democracy, assist in upholding the rule of law and the Constitution.
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Mattiacci, Noëllie. "Le directeur financier". Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTD044/document.
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Suite aux multiples crises économiques, le directeur financier est devenu un acteur majeur au sein de l'entreprise. Ses missions ont incontestablement évolué. Au départ, il exerçait des missions comptables garantissant une gestion financière efficace. Aujourd'hui, il occupe des fonctions stratégiques nécessaires au développement de l’entreprise. Cette diversité des compétences lui permet d'avoir une vision globale et transversale de l'entreprise. Malgré son rôle prépondérant, aucune étude n’a été menée concernant la détermination d’un statut juridique du directeur financier. Notre analyse a pour objectif de clarifier la fonction du directeur financier. A partir de l’observation de la réalité, l’étude statique de ses fonctions complétée par une analyse dynamique de leur exécution, nous a permis de dégager un statut juridique commun à l’ensemble des directeurs financiersFollowing multiple economic crises, the Chief Financial Officer has become a major player within the company. Its missions have unquestionably evolved. Initially, he performed accounting missions ensuring effective financial management. Today, it occupies the strategic functions necessary to the development of the company. This diversity of skills allows him to have a global and cross-enterprise vision. Despite its leading role, no study was conducted concerning the determination of the legal status of Chief Financial Officer. Our analysis is aimed, to clarify the function of Chief Financial Officer. From the observation of the reality, the static study of its functions supplemented by dynamic analysis of their execution, allowed us to identify a legal statute to all financial managers
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Braga, Ricardo de João. "O processo decisório legislativo na criação e reforma do BACEN e do CMN em 1964 e 1994: incerteza, cooperação e resultados legislativos". Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4591.
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Esta tese analisa o processo decisório legislativo nos casos da criação e reforma do BACEN e do CMN em 1964 e 1994, ocorridos no âmbito de planos exitosos de combate à
inflação (PAEG e Plano Real, respectivamente). A definição de um formato institucional para a autoridade monetária é uma escolha dos legisladores em termos da produção da política
pública de responsabilidade daqueles órgãos, que em ambos os casos foi importante na busca da estabilidade de preços. A partir da Teoria Política Formal utilizaram-se dados primários e
fontes secundárias para construir modelo e hipóteses que consideraram as dimensões de interesse geral (combate à inflação) e de políticas particularistas/distributivistas (crédito rural e representação privada no CMN). Concluiu-se que em ambos os processos a iniciativa do Poder Executivo foi fundamental para o resultado final, contudo, em ambas as situações, mesmo durante o ano de 1964 (período militar), o Legislativo teve papel relevante na definição do formato final de ambas as decisões. No primeiro caso houve uma barganha entre os Poderes Executivo e Legislativo para aprovação da proposta, que envolveu concessões no sentido de garantir representação privada no CMN e a institucionalização do crédito rural. No segundo caso o uso da Medida Provisória caracterizou uma forma diferente de coordenação entre os poderes, em que a MP atuou para diminuir a incerteza em relação aos resultados do plano e às alterações na composição do CMN e assim permitir a aprovação da matéria. Os resultados da tese, favorecidos pela comparação de dois períodos diversos do sistema político brasileiro, colaboram com a análise das relações Executivo-Legislativo, sobretudo ao
valorizar os instrumentos legislativos do Presidente da República e a forma de equacionamento da incerteza nos processos decisórios. Ainda, permite-se um maior conhecimento da realidade legislativa durante o ano de 1964, quando, ao menos para a Reforma Bancária, não se pode falar de solapamento dos poderes e prerrogativas do Congresso Nacional pelo governo militar.This thesis analysis two legislative decision making process that created and reformed BACEN and CMN in 1964 and 1994, occasions of successful economic stabilization plans (respectively PAEG and Plano Real). The institutional form of the monetary authority represents a political choice to perform certain public policies, what was important to achieve price stabilization in both cases. A model based on Analytical Theory was build and it used primary data and bibliographical sources to test hypothesis. The model and its hypothesis considered general interests (stabilized prices) and particularistic interests (private representation at the monetary authority and loans to agricultural activities). Results showed that the Executive Branch was important when initiate both legislative process, however, the Legislative Branch was important too, even during the Military Government initiated in april 1964. In the first case Executive and Legislative branches swap support, when Executive Branch conquered a new format to monetary authority and Parliament got private representation in the CMN and the building of the rural credit policy. In the second case, the use of provisional decree (Medida Provisória) made results of stabilization process and CMN reform safer, what could coordinate Executive and Legislative branches in a different way and put the Parliament pro-reform. The thesis results are important comparing two periods of Brazilian political system, which improves the knowledge about Executive-Legislative relations. Legislative instruments of Executive Branch and the management of uncertainty are central elements in this comparison. Besides, the thesis increases the knowledge about Brazilian Congress during the first year of Military Government, showing that for Bank Reform Parliament was important and could influence the institutional format of the monetary authority.
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Chui, Chi-leung Victor. "Chinese perception of organization and authority /". [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1987. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12335289.
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Roubínková, Dana. "Management obcí:stavební materiál organizační architektury obecních úřadů". Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-163057.
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The aim of the dissertation is to analyse the issue of the dynamics of the self-government´s aims and the statics of the state administration´s aims in establishing the formal organisational structure of a municipal authority. The second aim is to identify the prevailing formal and informal organizational structure occuring in the respective types of municipal authorities.
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Murphy, Kris. "A THEORY OF STEERING COMMITTEE CAPABILITIES FOR IMPLEMENTING LARGE SCALE ENTERPRISE-WIDE INFORMATION SYSTEMS". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1458218732.
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Petraitytė, Jolita. "LR Vyriausybės darbo grupių veiklos analizė". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110705_130946-10638.
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Šiandien į „viešojo valdymo“ sąvoką įeina viešosios politikos formavimas ir viešasis administravimas, vykdomoji valdžia ir jos stiprėjimas, tarnautojų, piliečių ir jų grupių įtaka formuojant politinius ir administracinius sprendimus, viešojo ir privataus sektorių partnerystė ir t.t. Svarbiausią vietą Lietuvos Respublikos vykdomosios valdžios institucijų sistemoje užima Vyriausybė. Ji yra aukščiausioji valstybės valdžios vykdomoji institucija Lietuvos Respublikoje, įgyvendinanti vykdomąją valdžią šalyje ir vadovaujanti šios sistemos institucijoms bei koordinuojanti jų veiklą. LR Vyriausybė, spręsdama problemas ar rengdama įstatytumus, jų projektus ir pan, sudaro darbo grupes konkretiems klausimams spręsti. Pasitelkus visas įmanomas priemones ir veikimo būdus galima sumaniai ir pagrįstai kurti, įgyvendinti bei taikyti įstatymus, spręsti konkrečias gyvenimiškas situacijas, sudaryti ir įgyvendinti reikalingas visuomenės vystymo programas, tačiau vis dar atsiranda kliūčių sprendžiant valstybinės reikšmės klausimus ir problemas.
Šio darbo tikslas – aptarti viešosios valdžios struktūrą, veiklą, išorinį poveikį, bei politikos tinklų tipus teoriniu lygmeniu bei išanalizuoti vienos struktūrinės dalies (darbo grupių) veiklą, išsiaiškinti Lietuvos Respublikos valdžios institucijose susidarančių politikos tinklų tipus ir jų reikšmę valstybei. Iškeltos 3 hipotezės, jog mokslinėje literatūroje trūksta LR Vyriausybės darbo grupių veiklos reglamentavimo, sudarymo, kandidatų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Nowadays, the concept of "public authority" includes public policy formation and public administration, executive power and its strength, also the influence of civil servants, citizens and their groups on the formation of the political and administrative decisions, public-private partnerships, etc. The Government has the most important place in the Lithuanian system of executive authorities. It is the supreme executive body of state power in the Republic of Lithuania, which is implementing the executive power and leading the institutions of this system coordinating their activity. While solving the problems and drafting the laws and their projects Lithuanian government establishes working groups to tackle specific issues. Through all the possible means and methods of operation the laws can be implemented and applied quite sensibly and reasonably, dealing with specific real life situations, creating and implementing public development programs, however there still are barriers dealing with the issues of state interest. The aim of the research – to discuss the structure, activity of public authority, external impact on it, types of policy networks at the level of theory, to analyze the activity of one of the structural parts (work groups); to clarify the types of policy networks established in the Lithuanian government bodies and their implications for the state. There are raised three hypotheses: (1) in the scientific literature there is lack of regulation of activity of... [to full text]
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Nowases, F. "The role of middle management in strategy execution at the Roads Authority (RA)". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96212.
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ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The importance of strategy execution in an organisation cannot be downplayed because without it
the sustainability of the organisation is at stake. Merely having great strategies is not sufficient as
the implementation is the key to direct the activities of the organisation. Middle management plays
a central role in strategy execution and any disconnect between them and the top management is
bound to lead to organisational failure of effective strategy execution.
This research study was based on the role that middle management play in the execution of
strategy at the Roads Authority (RA). Semi-structured interviews were used to interview ten middle
managers of the organisation, who were randomly selected through purposive sampling.
The findings reveal that middle management is failing to play the requisite role of interpreting and
translating strategy into actions. The findings further indicate that there is a leadership disconnect
between them and their supervisors. They are also facing challenges of questionable strategy
alignment within the operations which is causing ineffective resource allocation.
In addition, the results indicate that the enabling tools such as the performance management,
business systems and allocation of resources are falling short of assisting middle managers in
strategy implementation.
Lastly, these findings can assist the case study organisation to understand the strategic
transformation process at middle management level and to review it for improving and to take
corrective actions.
The research study was an explorative one and used a limited sample, hence it will be necessary
to do further research to get more insights about the potential roles that middle management could
play in strategy formulation and the contributions they currently make towards it. The findings of
this study can also not be generalised as they are for use only by the case study organisation.
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Goodwin, Neil. "Determining the leadership role of health authority chief executives in the english national health service". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632815.
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This thesis explores the leadership role of chief executives of National Health Service (NHS) health authorities in England. Implicit in the exploration is whether the chief executives have a leadership role at all since the NHS is a public service managed by government. As such it is government that specifies the main operational and strategic targets for the NHS for chief executives and their organisations. The research is conducted against the backdrop of the general leadership, public sector management, and network and networking literature. The latter is included because it potentially provides a bridge between the emerging network-based working of NHS management today and the leadership and public sector management literature A qualitative, case study approach to the research is adopted using as its basis the implementation of the main component of the 1997 Labour government's policies for the NHS. This is the introduction of primary care groups that for the first time in its history will formally involve general practitioners (GPs) in the corporate management of the NHS. This is a significant development because GPs are not employees of the NHS but independent contractors. Research is undertaken in four of the 99 English health authorities. Analysis of the research results revolve around three propositions, formulated to explore tlie environmental aspects of the chief executive's role, whether leadership is found and if so, what are its key characteristics. The thesis ends with a discussion of the research outcomes in the context of some contemporary literature on research approaches to organisational change, aspects of leadership and networks such as power and trust, and leadership development.
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Tomaiko, Thomas Andrew. "Improving the U.S. Navy's execution of technical authority through a common risk management and technical assessment process". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2008/Sept/08Sep%5FTomaiko.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Systems Engineering Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2008.Thesis Advisor(s): Matthews,, David F. ; Roberts, Benjamin J. "September 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on November 5, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 89). Also available in print.
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Harris, Rockia K. "Getting Back Up Again: A critical-interpretive exploration of African American women C-suite executives coping with microaggressions in the workplace". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1563437075414441.
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Barry, John C. y Paul L. Gillikin. "Comparative analysis of Navy and Marine Corps planning, programming, budgeting and execution systems from a manpower perspective". Thesis, Monterey, California; Naval Postgraduate School, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/2322.
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"S. Dooley: Tertiary Reader"Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited
This study provides analysis, conclusions and recommendations to assist the Deputy Commandant (DC), Manpower and Reserve Affairs Department (M&RA) and DC, Programs and Resources Department (P&R) in structure and process decisions concerning Marine Corps Manpower budget execution. DC, M&RA is the owner of the Marine Human Resource Development Process (HRDP) and the Military Personnel Marine Corps (MPMC) appropriation sponsor, while the DC, P&R has budgetary (1517) authority for MPMC budget execution. In contrast, the Navy has both sponsorship and 1517 authority within one cell at N1. By comparing these two services' organizational factors and Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution Systems (PPBES), relevant differences surface, conclusions are drawn, and recommendations offered for improvements. Recommendations include realignment of 1517 authority within MPMC execution, and the melding of the Programs and Budget Branch of Manpower Plans Division, M&RA with the Military Personnel Branch, Fiscal Division, P&R (RFM). This new office will be responsible for all facets of MPMC programming, budgeting, and execution.
Captain, United States Marine Corps
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Sabil, Mariem. "L’autorité renforcée des accords multilatéraux sur l’environnement : essai sur la nature, la place et la fonction de la procédure de non-conformité". Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30106.
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Les accords multilatéraux sur l’environnement sont généralement caractérisés par leur autorité normative atténuée en raison des difficultés pour les États de garantir leur application effective et efficace. La procédure de non-conformité, expérimentée pour la première fois par le Protocole de Montréal sur les substances qui appauvrissent la couche d’ozone et étendue depuis, tente d’apporter des solutions appropriées aux particularismes de cette branche du droit international public. L’étude de son développement, de son évolution et de sa sophistication à travers sa nature, sa place et sa fonction permet ainsi de déterminer si cette technique exécutive contribue au renforcement de l’autorité des accords multilatéraux sur l’environnementMultilateral agreements on the environment are generally characterized by their normative authority diminished because of the difficulties for states to ensure their effective implementation and efficiency. The non-compliance procedure, for the first time experienced by the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer and extended since then, attempts to provide appropriate solutions to the peculiarities of this branch of public international law.The study of its development, its evolution and sophistication through its nature, its place and function and to determine whether this technique helps to strengthen executive authority of multilateral environmental agreements
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Signat, Carine. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire du juge et l'inexécution du contrat : étude de droit comparé franco-allemande". Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020050.
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La question de la mesure du pouvoir du juge s’impose lorsqu’on souhaite comparer l’étendue des pouvoirs du juge dans différents ordres juridiques donnés. Or force est de constater que les pouvoirs du juge sont appréhendés sous diverses notions dans les systèmes juridiques nationaux : il est fait tour à tour référence au pouvoir souverain d’appréciation du juge du fond, au pouvoir facultatif du juge, à son pouvoir modérateur, discrétionnaire, arbitraire. Toute la difficulté de la comparaison réside dans l’absence d’un instrument de mesure uniforme. A l’échelle supranationale, le terme anglais « Judicial discretion » constitue souvent le point de départ de discussions et d’analyses comparatives sur les pouvoirs du juge. Cette notion à forte coloration doctrinale sert de critère de mesure de l’ampleur des pouvoirs du juge dans les systèmes juridiques respectifs. On entend par pouvoir discrétionnaire le pouvoir donné au juge de choisir entre deux ou plusieurs décisions également conformes à la légalité. Le critère du libre choix est au cœur de la notion du pouvoir discrétionnaire du juge. Le pouvoir discrétionnaire constitue ainsi la forme la plus libre du pouvoir exercé par le juge. Bien qu’elle fasse office de dénominateur commun, la notion de pouvoir discrétionnaire est diversement entendue en droits français et allemand. Il en va ainsi en particulier à propos des notions-cadre et standards : ces derniers confèrent-ils au juge un pouvoir discrétionnaire ? Les réponses divergent d’un système à l’autre, ce qui a un impact sur l’image qu’on se fait des pouvoirs du juge. Une fois ces malentendus dissipés, reste à déterminer la part faite à ce pouvoir dans les suites de l’inexécution du contrat : exécution forcée en nature, délai d’exécution et révision, résolutionHow to measure a judge’s power? This question is necessary, when it comes to comparing the extent of the powers of a judge in various given jurisdictions. It has tobe noted, that the powers of a judge are gathered under diverse notions in national legal systems: successively, references are made to the sovereign judicial authority of the judge, the unfettered discretion of the lower courts, the authority to modify the legal situation, the discretionary power, the arbitrary power. The challenge in the comparison lies in the absence of a uniform measuring tool. On a supranational level,the English term“Judicial discretion”is very frequently the starting point for discussions and comparative analyses regarding the judge’s power. This notion serves as criteria to measure the extent of the judge’s powers in the respective legal systems. Discretionary power means the power given to the judge to choose between different decisions that are all conformable to law. The criterion of freedom of choice is in the center of the judge’s discretionary power. The discretionary power is the most powerful authority of the judge. It is common sense that the judge has a discretionarypower but the meaning of this term is differently interpretated by the national law,especially by the German and French law systems. This applies especially to the standards provisions or“open-textured”provisions : do they grant the judge a discretionary power? The answers vary from one system to the other, which has an impact on the image one has on the judge’s powers. Once these misunderstandings are dispelled, it remains to determine the proportion this power has in the consequences of the non-performance of contract: specific performance, delay inexecution, revision and termination
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Galal, Sayed Mazin. "Le pacte d'actionnaires en droit égyptien sous le prisme du droit français". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2021/document.
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Les pactes d’actionnaires, conventions adoptées par les protagonistes des affaires internationales, répondent aux attentes des administrateurs et actionnaires quant à la circulation des actions et des parts sociales. Par contre, hors le marché règlementé, la liberté contractuelle accordée à la société – et actionnaires – de recourir à ce type d’arrangement contractuel, se heurte à la réalité légale et jurisprudentielle qui demeure la seule source de droit régissante cette convention. En optant pour la conclusion d’un pacte d’actionnaires, aucune disposition légale, notamment article de droit, ne régit cette convention. Ce contrat reste donc soumis aux règles de droit commun. Cette particularité accorde aux protagonistes une certaine liberté de rédaction, ce qui créé une originalité quant à la forme, au fond et aux effets de l’application du pacte. Reconnu, dans le monde des affaires français – tant par le législateur français que par les praticiens et protagonistes, comme étant une des formes adaptées à la gestion leurs sociétés, le législateur égyptien découvre encore cette forme contractuelle. La mondialisation, culturelle et commerciale, a non seulement permis de rapprocher entre les commerçants afin de trouver des solutions créatives quant à la conclusion des pactes d’actionnaires, mais aussi aux législateurs, autant bien français qu’égyptiens, de trouver des solutions quant aux problématiques qui s’opposent aux praticiens lors de la négociation, la conclusion ou même l’exécution de ces contrats. L’objet de cette étude sera d’examiner les particularités des pactes d’actionnaires dès la phase des négociations, passant par les phases de conclusion et exécution, jusqu’à la phase conflictuelle. Cette étude visera le modèle français, ayant déjà avancé sur ce domaine, en le comparant au modèle égyptien qui commence à se familiariser avec cette pratique. Bien que ces deux exemples demeurent toujours en voie d’évolution, le recours à ce type de contrat révèle des particularités et difficultés lors de son application, ce qui incitera les protagonistes à trouver des modalités novatrices permettant une mise en œuvre plus efficace de ces contrats et répondant à leurs attentesThe shareholder agreements, considered as the one of the major contracts concluded by and between the actors of the international affairs, meet the expectations of the companies’ directors and shareholders regarding the transfer of stocks and shares. Nevertheless, outside the regulated market, the principle of contractual freedom accorded to the company - and its shareholders - to resort to this type of contractual arrangement, faces both legal and jurisprudential realities, which remains the only source of law governing this agreement.By choosing to undertake a shareholder agreement, no legal provision, including article nor law, governs this type of agreement. This agreement is therefore subject to the dispositions of the applicable general law. This feature gives the parties some freedom on drafting the agreement, which affects the form and content of the contract and produce its effects on the contract’s application. vWhile this agreement is frequently used in the French business practice - both by the French legislature and by practitioners and shareholders, and considered as one of the forms used to manage the companies, the Egyptian legislation is still discovering this contractual management form.The cultural and commercial globalization has not only helped traders to find creative solutions by entering into this agreement, but it has also helps the French and Egyptian legislations to find solutions as to issues that oppose practitioners during the negotiation of the contract, its conclusion or even during its execution.The purpose of this study is to examine the features of the shareholder agreements starting from the negotiations phase, through the conclusion and execution phases, until the conflictual phase. This study will focus on the French model, having already progressed in this area, compared to the Egyptian model that begins to become familiar with this practice. Although these two examples are still in process of evolution, the use of this type of contracts reveals the peculiarities and difficulties in its implementation, which will encourage the parties to find more innovative methods for more effective implementation of these contracts in order to meet their mutual expectations
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Fipa, Nguepjo Jacques. "Le rôle des juridictions supranationales de la CEMAC et de l'OHADA dans l'intégration des droits communautaires par les Etats membres". Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020030/document.
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La Cour de Justice Communautaire (CJC), la Cour des Comptes Communautaire (CCC) et la Cour Commune de Justice et d’Arbitrage (CCJA) sont les trois juridictions supranationales créées respectivement par les traités de la CEMAC et de l’OHADA pour renforcer les nouveaux processus d’intégration économique et juridique des Etats membres. Dans la mesure où ces juridictions exercent un contrôle juridictionnel déterminant de la norme communautaire, le premier contrôle étant effectué par les juridictions nationales des Etats parties, la conception, l’organisation, le fonctionnement, les caractéristiques, les rôles ou compétences de ces juridictions nouvelles ainsi que la destinée des décisions qu’elles rendent dans leurs fonctions strictement judiciaires ou dans celles accessoires d’appui à la procédure arbitrale, présentent un intérêt digne d’une recherche doctorale. S’il est apparu que des jalons supplémentaires d’efficacité des nouveaux processus d’intégration ont été plantés par la création desdites juridictions, il a également été constaté que des pesanteurs d’ordre juridictionnel, structurel ou fonctionnel continuent d’en retarder la vitesse de croisière. Les solutions que nous avons proposées pour surmonter ces difficultés se regroupent en une réorganisation des juridictions communautaires, une répartition claire des compétences entre elles, un renforcement de la procédure de contrôle du droit communautaire, une vulgarisation permanente du droit de l’intégration, une revalorisation des titres exécutoires, une clarification des fonctions du juge d’exécution, une restriction du domaine de l’immunité d’exécution, un réaménagement des procédures de recouvrement, une formation continue des acteurs de la justice, une amélioration de leur condition de travail et de vie, une résurgence de l’éthique morale, une réelle indépendance de la justice… C’est dire que l’étude met un accent sur les obstacles qui entravent les nouveaux processus d’intégration et propose des solutions pour parfaire les textes législatifs et leurs interprétations jurisprudentielles, dans la perspective d’accélérer le développement économique des Etats concernés en particulier, pour une meilleure prospérité globale des économies mondialesThe Communautary Court of Justice (CCJ), the Communautary Court of Account (CCA) and the Common Court of Justice and Arbitration (CCJA) are the three supranational jurisdictions respectively created by EMCAC and OHBLA treaties to reinforce the new processes of economical and judicial integration for their member States. In the measure where these jurisdictions are competent to exercise a juridictional control, by determining the communautary norms, the first control being carried out by the national juridictions, the conception, the organisation, the functioning, the characteristics, the roles or competences of these new jurisdictions and also the destiny of the decisions they rend in their strictly judiciary functions or in their accessory functions of supporting the arbitral procedure, present an interest worthy of a doctorate research. If it appears that the supplementary Milestones of efficiency of the new processes of integration had been installed by the creation of the said jurisdictions, it had also been observed that the gravities of jurisdictional, structural or functional order continue to delay the speed of cruise. The solutions that we have proposed to overcome these difficulties involves the reorganization of communautary jurisdictions, the clearly distribution of competences between them, the reinforcement of the communautarian law control procedure, a permanent vulgarisation of integration law, a revalorisation of executary titles, a clarification of immunity of execution domain, a development of the recovery procedures, a continual training of judicial actors, and improvement of their working and living conditions, a resurgence of moral ethic, a real independence of the Justice… This means that the study put a stress on the obstacles which hold up the new processes of integration and propose solutions to perfect the legislative texts and their jurisprudential interpretations, in the perspective of accelerating the economic development of the concerned States, for the best global prosperity of the world’s economies
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Baron, Elisa. "La coaction en droit pénal". Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40049/document.
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Le coauteur est traditionnellement défini en droit pénal comme l’individu qui, agissant avec un autre, réunit sur sa tête l’ensemble des éléments constitutifs de l’infraction. Pourtant, il est permis de douter de la pertinence de cette affirmation tant la jurisprudence comme la doctrine en dévoient le sens.En réalité, loin d’être cantonnée à une simple juxtaposition d’actions, la coaction doit être appréhendée comme un mode à part entière de participation à l’infraction. En effet, elle apparaît comme un titre d’imputation à mi-chemin entre l’action et la complicité, auxquelles elle emprunte certains caractères. Autrement dit, elle se révèle être un mode de participation à sa propre infraction. Surtout, son particularisme est assuré par l’interdépendance unissant les coauteurs : parce que chacun s’associe à son alter ego, tous sont placés sur un pied d’égalité. Ces différents éléments, qui se retrouvent dans sa notion et dans son régime, permettent ainsi d’affirmer la spécificité de la coaction tout en renforçant la cohérence entre les différents modes de participation criminelleIn criminal law, the co-perpetrator is classically presented as an individual who, acting jointly with another, gathers all the constitutive elements of the offence. However, one may harbor doubts concerning the relevance of this assertion since both case law and legal scholars denature its meaning.Actually, far from being limited to a mere juxtaposition of perpetrations, co-perpetration must be understood as a full mode of participation in the offence. Indeed, it appears as a form of imputation halfway between perpetration and complicity, from which it borrows some characteristics. In other words, it proves to be a mode of participation in one’s own offence. Above all, its particularism is provided by the interdependence between the co-perpetrators : because each of them joins forces with his alter ego, all are placed on an equal footing. These elements, which are found both in it’s concept and in it’s regime, demonstrate thereby the specificity of co-perpetration while strengthening the coherence of the different modes of criminal participation
34
Ntsele, Christopher Ernest Mandlenkosi. "Functioning of the Kwa-Zulu Natal Joint Executive Authority : a generic administrative analysis". Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/6033.
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This study was concerned with the analysis of the JEA using
the generic view of public administration. It comprised of
the study of reading material on the JEA, Kwa-Zulu Natal
Indaba, Buthelezi Commission, NPA and Kwa-Zulu, and interviews
held with public officials of JEA, NPA and Kwa-Zulu.
The results revealed that JEA is not a usual regional
administration with identified land of its own, However , in
its unique position of being a part of two separate regional
administrations, it is a fully fledged public institution
endowed with all activities of public administration, namely:
functional activities, generic administrative processes,
auxiliary functions, and intra-generical phenomena.
Most of all, the study revealed that in its unique position,
JEA is a second phase in a process where the third and last
phase is a strong single regional administration in Region E.
To pave the way for this final phase the recommendations urge
the JEA:
* to broaden the Ministers' Forum to include three "own
affairs" Ministers who , if still existing, will be
affected by the move to a strong single administration in
this region;
to be pro-active
in bringing closer liaison
rendering similar functions
among
in the region
* to include research into a Future strong single regional
administration as one of the JEA goals;
* to gear the secretariat to the Ministers' Forum to
undertake this research ;
* to finance the research From the Joint Revenue Fund or to
approach both the Republic and Treasury and Kwa -Zulu Treasury to authorise over-spending on research ; and
* in filling the remaining vacant: posts, to consider public
officials knowledgeabIe in research work * to streamline existing procedures of different regional
administrations in order to determine uniform procedures
best suited for a strong single regional administration
of the future in Region E.Thesis (MPA)-University of Durban-Westville, Durban, 1993.
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Kitamirike, Emmanuel. "Executive agencies and the public decision-making process: a case study of Kampala Capital City Authority". Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23428.
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Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, University of the Witwatersrand, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Management in the Field of Public Policy
April 2017The study examined the legal framework establishing Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA) as well as actor interactions within the agency policy process, with an ultimate aim of ascertaining the extent of public decision-making. The study was structured around three main components: an in-depth investigation of the literature on agencification; an application of the institutionalism theoretical framework; and an applied case study approach to examine the extent and context of policy decision making within KCCA. The major finding and indeed central argument is that despite the creation of a central policy-making role enshrined in the law establishing KCCA, the policy outcomes are not influenced by the elected leaders but rather by the central government and as such, there is limited public decision-making. This study has empirically shown that the creation of a matrix agency structure with multiple reporting and accountability centres was a symbolic move intended to dupe elected leaders with superficial status and authority, but in essence, without any real powers to demand policy changes, let alone, be able to sanction bureaucrats for their actions or inaction. The study further affirms that bureaucrats managing KCCA affairs, to a great extent, not only play a policy implementation function, but also disproportionately influence the shape of policy as a consequence of the discretionary powers bestowed upon them by the KCC Act (2010). The paper concludes by highlighting that agencification as one of the new public management (NPM) approaches has increased institutional and policy complexities that alienate citizens and citizen groups from the decision-making process. This reality challenges the existing literature on agencification and New Public Management which claims that once we structurally disaggregate and create semi-independent agencies, then we see bureaucrats who are more accountable to citizens.
MT 2017
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Barclay, Darion Jerome. "Strategic planning and budgeting in the Mining Qualifications Authority (MQA)". Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2878.
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Following extensive research into mine health and safety fatalities by the Leon Commission in 1996, the Mining Qualifications Authority (MQA) was established as an organ of state. The study focuses on the relationship between strategic planning and budgeting and how well these concepts are implemented within the MQA.
The study found that there is definite alignment between the budgeting and strategic planning processes of the MQA. The strategic planning process in the MQA is well-formulated through an annual strategic planning session.
The strategy identified is that Board and Committee members with no financial management experience should attend the training course specifically developed by the University of South Africa (Unisa), namely “Roles of a board in the management of public entities” and the MQA should play a more central role in health and safety through the development of health and safety programmes aimed at reducing fatalities.Thesis (M. Tech. (Public Management))
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Kuo, Jen-Sheng y 郭任昇. "Reviewing an independent executive agency in the light of the constitution－focus on the necessity of setting up, authority and organization". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90710696638360521683.
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碩士臺灣大學
法律學研究所
95
An independent executive agency set up according to law is a brand new attempt in Taiwan’s constitutional framework. It is relatively independent from the Executive Yuan. Taking the current constitutional, political deadlock between executive and legislative powers and the innate incompatibility between independent executive agencies and principles of separation of powers, politics of accountability and administrative unity into consideration, the establishment of independent executive agencies would be likely to bring up more constitutional difficulties and political turmoil. Based on these understanding, this thesis holds not only a strict, but also cautious manner toward the establishment of independent executive agencies. After carefully examining the purpose of forming an independent executive agency, this thesis categorizes independent executive agencies by “the necessity of establishment”. The “absolutely inadequate” category contains those dealing with matters involving the core areas of administrative unity under the Executive Yuan (including the fundamental administrative business of the Executive Yuan, and policy-integrating agency) and President’s power on national security policy. Any independent executive agency set up to deal with these matters is unconstitutional. On the other hand, the other “admittable” category can be further divided into “the standard” and “the non-standard” independent executive agencies according to the appropriateness of establishment. The standard independent executive agency, also the most fit one as an independent executive agency, shall meet the following requirements: （i） the regulation of human rights concerns the political participation of citizens; or（ii） the demand for political neutrality is much more stronger than other executive agencies; or （iii） the administrative business has less need of policy integration and cross-departments negotiation. The difference between the standard and the non-standard independent executive agencies lies in the level of independence of “authority” and “organization”. To which level of independence of authority can an independence executive agency be is discussed through the following four parts. This thesis suggests that the core element of authority independence is the exclusion of the ad hoc instruction beforehand from the Executive Yuan . This kind of independence shall be possessed by both the standard and non-standard independent executive agencies on the subject of authority. The limitation of authority independence is the authority to propose a statute or a budgetary bill and the status to petition for an interpretation from the constitutional court, that is, no independent executive agencies may possess independence in this authority field. As to whether an independence executive can enjoy the power of the exclusion of ad hoc review in legality and propriety of the Executive Yuan, and the power of making general policy or drawing up statutes varies between different categories of independent executive agencies. The key issue on the part of the independence of the organization is the personnel appointment and removal power of an independent executive agency. The core areas of the executive power is more confirmed by the opposition between the executive power and the legislative power in the current Constitution and the J.Y.Interpretation No. 613. If the legislative power interferes with the personnel nomination of an independent executive agency, it will not only encroach on the core areas of the executive power but violate the principle of separation of powers, and will destroy the principle of politics of accountability and administrative unity and thus violate Article 56 of the Constitution. Hence, unless through the amendment of the Constitution or except the standard independent executive agencies, the Legislative Yuan can not by the operation of law possess the personnel consent power according to the interpretation of the Constitution. Since the core areas of the executive power may be encroached on because of no regulation regarding personnel removal currently, in order to ensure the independence of an independence executive agency, conferring the premier a restricted personnel removal power stipulated by law will be an acceptable scheme. Finally, the suspension rule in Article 4-II of the Public Functionaries Discipline Act is also reviewed in this thesis.
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"Identifying a national leadership skills training and development strategy for leaders within sector education training authorities (SETAs)". Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/142.
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The South African Government launched a skills development initiative in February 2001 to be led by leaders of twenty five Sector Education Training Authorities (SETAs). This study identifies a strategy and the transformational leadership competencies to be included in the strategy to develop the SETA leaders.Dr. A. Lategan
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廖雲宏. "The Strategy of the Administrative Executive Jurisdiction of the Coast Guard Authority - Study on the Necessity of the Co-operation of Maritime Law Enforcement of Cross-Strait". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y6rf84.
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"MUTUAL MONITORING AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE". Doctoral diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.14763.
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abstract: Mutual monitoring in a well-structured authority system can mitigate the agency problem. I empirically examine whether the number 2 executive in a firm, if given authority, incentive, and channels for communication and influence, is able to monitor and constrain the potentially self-interested CEO. I find strong evidence that: (1) measures of the presence and extent of mutual monitoring from the No. 2 executive are positively related to future firm value (Tobin's Q); (2) the beneficial effect is more pronounced for firms with weaker corporate governance or CEO incentive alignment, with stronger incentives for the No. 2 executives to monitor, and with higher information asymmetry between the boards and the CEOs; (3) such mutual monitoring reduces the CEO's ability to pursue the "quiet life" but has no effect on "empire building;" and (4) mutual monitoring is a substitute for other governance mechanisms. The results suggest that mutual monitoring by a No. 2 executive provides checks and balances on CEO power.Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Business Administration 2012
41
LAI, CHIH-MING y 賴志銘. "On the “Crime of Obtaining Property by Fraud Utilizing Opportunities Arising from Authority” Stipulated in Anti-Corruption Act: A study focusing on the system of chief and deputy executive officers’ special allowance". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43u9ts.
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碩士銘傳大學
法律學系碩士在職專班
106
In Republic of China (Taiwan), the purpose of chief and deputy executive officers’ special allowance system is to provide more flexibility for expenses of chief and deputy executive officers in entertaining and gifting related to their duties. However, after being implemented over years, a comprehensive act is not enacted yet, and the running of special allowance system is largely based on executive orders and explanation about rules of application, usage and reporting. Because there are no clear and specific regulations, and in practice, accountant units of administrative agencies only check documents for application of chief and deputy executive officers’ special allowancestandard and paper review of chief executives’ expenditure vouchers, when there are arguments about “for duties”, and prosecutors prosecute against chief and deputy executive officers for the Crime of Obtaining Property by Fraud Utilizing Opportunities Arising from Authority, judges hold different opinions in decisions. In practice, it is difficult for prosecutors to prove illegal intention, utilization of fraudulent methods to cheat account staffs in approving relevant expenses of the defendants which causing harms suffered by administrative agencies to satisfy conditions of the Crime of Obtaining Property by Fraud Utilizing Opportunities Arising from Authority, unless there are clear and substantial illegal conducts. The study includes a review on the development of system of chief and deputy executive officers’ special allowance, relevant explanation and orders, and an analysis of court’s decisions and prosecutors’ prosecution process in cases relevant to chief and deputy executive officers’ special allowance. In order to facilitate works of agencies, it is recommended to review problems related to administrative agencies, congress, and school chief and deputy executive officers’ special allowance and draft an Act of Special Allowance after taking account of factors such as jurisdiction, nature of works, extent of duties and fairness.
42
Van, Schalkwyk Andre. "Totstandkoming, ontwikkeling en funksionering van metropolitaanse munisipaliteite in Suid-Afrika, met spesifieke verwysing na die stad Tshwane metropolitaanse munisipaliteit". Diss., 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2559.
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Text in AfrikaansThis dissertation is focused on questions on how the metropolitan municipalities, with specific reference to the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality (CTMM), originated and developed. Against this background, the study consists of a theoretical exploration of the nature of the metropolis as a feature, as well as specific concepts related to it, an investigation into the most important metropolitan problems and an outline of the historical complications regarding the origin of metropolitan municipalities. In addition to this, personnel matters, financial relations and systems, the integrated development plans, ward committees and the role of councillors within the context of the CTMM were also investigated.
Public Administration
M.P.A.
43
Schneider, Robert August. "The impact of authority and agendas in the management of public authorities studying the relationship between public transportation authority boards and executives /". 2006. http://etd.utk.edu/2006/SchneiderRobert.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2006.Title from title page screen (viewed on Feb. 01, 2007). Thesis advisor: Michael R. Fitzgerald. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
44
Lai, Mu-sung y 賴木松. "Research on of national responsibility derived form the military’s executing public authority". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71879218794271359918.
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碩士國防大學管理學院
法律學系
100
Abstract Soldiers protect their country with weapons’ military are not also the symbol of sovereign rights’ and the foundation stone of social security. The most important mission of military are as follow：guard our country 、our people、keep territorial integrity、strengthens sovereignty and guard our country。But with policy adjustment and transformation’ we reduce early hostility and tension with our long enemy country mainland China。Recently with improvement in cross-strait relations’「no warfare」 makes the assignment and strategy plan gradually transforming to 「active defense and effective intimidation」。So‚in order to manage massive human resources’ not to speak routine training’ out military gradually add a wide variety of missions’ there new missions based on policy adjustment and trend variety from disaster rescue 、health inspection and quarantine 、charity-hospitals、or even attending nation wide or country wide festivities’ the items are growing and all-inclusive。 During each regular missions and support missions’ it’s hard to avoid trespassing basic human rights when enforcing authority‚once similar occur’ not only do damage to military power’ also to human rights。Based on the principle of country's of rule of law protecting human rights，concerning about the 「national duty」caused by public affairs，was gradually developed a issue that provide food for thought or concern，and it’s also thoughtful that how to balance between accomplishing missions and save human rights when carring public affairs and authority enforcing。 Key words :Military、sovereign rights、authority enforcing、national duty、public authority、countrys of rule of law、basic human rights
45
Chmelíková, Martina. "Dělba státní moci na příkladu České republiky a Francouzské republiky se zaměřením na postavení hlavy státu". Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-335052.
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1 Abstract: The division of state authority ilustrated on the example of the Czech Republic and French Republic with the focus on the position of the head of the state Key words: separation of state authority, constitutional laws, the legislative, the executive, the judiciary, the head of state, presidential system, parliamentary system Abstrackt: This thesis addresses the historical separation of state authority which is illustrated on the example of the Czech Republic and French Republic, especially on the position of the head of the state. The goal is to identify the identical and differing characteristics of the presidential status of both republics. The thesis is divided into three chapters and into a sub-chapters. The first chapter explains the development of the decomposition of the state authority from the first theoretical thoughts to the practical incorporation into the political system. The Second chapter describes in separate sub-chapters, the division of the state authority in Czech Republic and France. Third chapter is dedicated to the position, mandate, election and the competencies of the head of the state in both countries. Subsequently the gathered information is summarized in a sub-chapter, where the identical and differing characteristics of both presidential functions is discussed.
46
Mavanyisi, Hafusi Jonathan. "The nature of political control over the bureaucracy with preference to the Northern Province". Diss., 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/696.
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This dissertation focused on the nature of political control over the bureaucracy with reference to the Northern Province (1994-1998). Bureaucracies are controlled in various ways. Mechanisms aimed at ensuring public accountability towards ministers, national assemblies, the courts or ombudsmen may be instituted. The civil service may become politicised, so that it shares the ideological enthusiasm of the government of the day. Counter-bureaucracies may be formed to create an alternative advisory service and to strengthen the hand of elected politicians. Should the bureaucracy be subjected to political control? The reality of 'government by officials' may function behind the facade of representative and democratic accountability, which is the precise reason why control over bureaucratic power is one of the most urgent problems in modern politics and public administration and why no political/administrative system has found an easy solution to this problem yet.
It is against this background that answers can be found to the question of whether the bureaucracy should be subject to political control and how such control should be exercised. Research questions which could herald possible solutions to the problem, were pursued. The study describes, analyses, and evaluates political control over the bureaucracy as an integral part of public adminstration and an essential ingredient of representative democracy.
The dissertation also investigated the difference between the variables of the political and the administrative systems state-related structures and institutions and the ideological grounding of state-related concepts that influence the milieu of political control over the bureaucracy. Among others, the study determined the nature of the bureaucracy, provided a picture of how bureaucracies function, and described the factors and institutions that influence the interaction between the political and the administrative systems in terms of political control.Public Administration
M.P.A. (Public Administration)
47
Li, Yu-Sheng y 李有生. "Research on the Conversion of Labor Dispatch to Labor Contract: A Case of an Administrative Execution Authority". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f33g99.
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碩士國立東華大學
公共行政學系
106
The Taiwanese government has introduced the work pattern of atypical employment for a period of years. Since the Administrative Enforcement Agency was established, it keeps using a lot of atypical human resources to deal with the heavy workloads, and among all kinds of atypical human resources, the most stable and useful atypical human resource for the agency is dispatching employment. According to an investigation report of the Taiwanese Central Government on the use of dispatching employment by the Ministry of Auditing in February, among all Taiwanese Central Government agencies, there are 11 agencies, including the Administrative Enforcement Agency, whose dispatching employment ratio is between 50% and 59.99%. . In recent years, under the supervision of the Legislative Yuan, the Control Yuan, and the pressure of public opinion, government departments have decreased the use of dispatching employment. In 2016, President Tsai’s labor policy also mentioned that the use of dispatching employment by the public sector should be gradually reduced. According to Article 24 of the Atypical Employment Protection Law, the government agencies must not own dispatching employees more than 3% of the total number of employees. Therefore, with the theme of " Research on the Conversion of Labor Dispatch to Labor Contract: A Case of an Administrative Execution Authority", our study analyzes how Labor Dispatch System was transformed into a Labor Service Contract System. Our study finds that the most important difference between Labor Dispatch System and Labor Service Contract System is the existence of command and supervision authority, which also affects whether Labor Dispatch System can be converted to Labor Service Contract System. Our research further finds that if a work item or content can be specified with a clear scope of work or a standard work flow or presented in a quantitative way, it can be easily converted into a labor contract; if the work of dispatching assistant is within the core competence of the organization, some of the work content can be set out with a clear scope, standard operating procedures, or presented in quantitative terms. This part can be easily converted into the Labor Service Contract System, and others are hard to be converted. In addition, the exercise of the command supervisory power will also affect the agency’s willingness to switch. All units of the agency, no matter the core units of the agency or not, claims that there is a need to exercise the command supervision power.
48
Coetzee, Marius Gideon. "The relationship between managerial motivation and sense of coherence". Diss., 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/677.
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The purpose of this research is to determine whether a relationship exists between two constructs, namely managerial motivation and sense of coherence and to determine whether any variance exists between two groups of people in terms of the mentioned constructs.
The study was conducted on a total sample of 124 employees of the Agricultural Research Council (ARC) which was divided into two groups, namely managers and supervisors in view of the position they held at the Agricultural Research Council.
The results of the study indicated that a significant positive relationship exists between the dimensions of managerial motivation and the dimensions of sense of coherence of the total sample. There is also a significant variance in terms of two dimensions between the two groups, namely power motive as dimension of managerial motivation and meaningfulness as dimension of sense of coherence.Industrial and Organisational Psychology
M.A. (Industrial Psychology)
49
Богатырев, Х. М. y H. M. Bogatyrev. "Развитие методики комплексного анализа локального стратегического экономического комплекса как элемента интегрированной оценки эффективности региональной исполнительной власти (на примере республики Ингушетия) : магистерская диссертация". Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/42470.
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The purpose of the study is to develop a comprehensive analysis of local strategic economic complex, as part of an integrated assessment of the effectiveness of the regional executive authority (the example of the Republic of Ingushetia).
Relevance of the research topic. A significant place in the economy of any region are leading the business structure, influencing the formation of a profitable part of budgets of various levels, to ensure employment and social infrastructure development, attracting foreign investment and so on. From the efficiency of interaction of the regional executive authority with the largest representatives of the business depends on the level of social -economic prosperity territory.
The elements of scientific novelty presented the following results for the defense:
Permission for the concept of scientific revolution local strategic economic complex that allows the subject of the subjective, the evaluation of which should be taken into account when analyzing the effectiveness of the regional executive.
The technique of the complex analysis of local strategic economic complex, which includes an analysis of individual companies and the integration of the data that allows you to evaluate the statics and dynamics of the development of key business organizations in the region.
Improved methods of evaluating the effectiveness of an integrated regional executive authorities, taking into account the impact assessment of the local strategic economic complex that allows a more accurate and balanced manner to evaluate the activity of the subject of federation leadership.
The mechanism of systematization and objectification assessment of the regional executive power, representing a professional social control that will not only build a power system of assessment, but also to develop a number of civil society institutions in the territory of his actions.
Obtained by the author in the course of the master's thesis results can be used by governments, NGOs, and other stakeholders as a methodological basis for assessing the effectiveness of the regional executive authority.Цель исследования состоит в развитии комплексного анализа локального стратегического экономического комплекса, как элемента интегрированной оценки эффективности региональной исполнительной власти (на примере Республики Ингушетия). Актуальность темы исследования. Существенное место в экономике любого региона занимают ведущие бизнес-структуры, оказывающие влияние на формирование доходной части бюджетов различных уровней, на обеспечение занятости населения, развитие социальной инфраструктуры, привлечение внешних инвестиций и пр. От эффективности взаимодействия региональной исполнительной власти с крупнейшими представителями бизнеса зависит уровень социально-экономического благополучия территории. Элементы научной новизны представлены следующими результатами, выносимыми на защиту: Введено в научный оборот понятие локальный стратегический экономический комплекс, что позволяет субъективировать предмет, оценка которого должна быть учтена при анализе эффективности деятельности региональной исполнительной власти. Разработана методика комплексного анализа локального стратегического экономического комплекса, включающая анализ отдельных предприятий и интегрирование полученных данных, что позволяет оценить статику и динамику развития ключевых бизнес структур региона. Усовершенствована методика интегрированной оценки эффективности региональной исполнительной власти, учитывающее влияние оценки локального стратегического экономического комплекса, что позволяет более точно и сбалансировано оценить деятельность руководства субъекта РФ. Предложен механизм систематизации и объективизации оценки региональной исполнительной власти, представляющий из себя профессиональный общественный контроль, что позволит не только построить систему оценки власти, но и развить ряд институтов гражданского общества на территории его действия. Полученные автором в ходе выполнения магистерской диссертации результаты могут быть использованы органами власти, общественными организациями, и прочими заинтересованными лицами в качестве методической основы оценки эффективности региональной исполнительной власти.
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Cele, Priscilla Thandeka. "Women in the maritime sector in South Africa : a case study of the Durban unicity (specifically, the National Ports Authority and the South African Port Operations)". Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2407.
Texto completoResumen
This study is aimed at examining issues and concerns that relate to women in the maritime sector in South Africa and to determine the perceptions of employees, both males and females towards women in the maritime sector and women in management in general policies and programmes aimed at eliminating gender discriminatory practices are critically appraised. It examines international contributions, which are used to make comparative analysis with South African Port Operations and National Port Authority. Durban has been chosen because it is one of the biggest Maritime cities in the Southern Hemisphere and in the African continent. Women have been disproportionately represented in the higher management structures previously. This study therefore assesses how these past imbalances can be addressed; so that women can best enter and succeed in this sector, especially those who currently hold senior positions. The impact that gender equity practices have on human resources planning is examined. The study uses two broad research methods: the primary data analysis and the critical review of literature. A mail survey technique was undertaken with 60 subjects randomly selected. A stratified random sample was used to determine both male and female perceptions. Data was analysed using SPSS programme. Theoretical perspectives relevant to women and management concerns are summarised, that is, the psychological tradition, culturally biased perspective, the entitlement/empowerment framework, the bargaining approach and the feminist political economy perspective. An overview of the national dynamics in South Africa, especially in relation to affirmative action imperatives, and implications pertaining to women in management is also undertaken.Thesis (MBA)-University of Natal, Durban, 2003.