Tesis: "Expressive Prose"

1

Mehta, Divya. "Expressive states : the gendered nation as literary text and narrative". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/59793/.

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2

von, Rettig Anna. "Translating Expressive Prose using CAT Tools : An investigation into discerning the effects of segmentation in student translations". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Tolk- och översättarinstitutet, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-104351.

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Computer Assisted Translation tools continue to become more ubiquitous, but translation students do not necessarily receive much training in using them, and may therefore find translating when using them very different to translating freehand. An experiment was conducted where a three Master’s students were each asked to translate two texts; one in a CAT tool and the other freehand, and the resulting target texts were inspected to determine whether they may have been affected by the segmentation performed by the CAT tool compared to freehand translations of the same text, and if so, how. There were indications that in certain cases, such as very long sentences, the CAT tool may act as a visual aid, and also indications that certain students may be more prone to follow the segmentation provided by the CAT tool than others. However, the influence of personal translator style and translator’s habitus cannot be disregarded and as such the differences that are apparent cannot be entirely attributed to the CAT tool.

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3

Hohlfelder, Cynthia Anne. "Modes of expression and representation in modern Greek women's prose from 1938-1987 /". Connect to resource, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1219786950.

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4

Hohlfelder, Cynthia Anne. "Modes of Expression and Representation in Modern Greek Women’s Prose from 1938-1987". The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1219786950.

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5

PLATTNER, DUBALLET VALERIE. "Expression et prise en charge a l'age pediatrique des polyposes digestives". Nantes, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NANT102M.

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6

Noel, Janet Ariana. "Candidate Genes In the Gut and Pancreas of Diabetes-prone Rats". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24084.

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Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder, targeting the β-cells of the pancreas. Processes occurring in the gut and pancreas are inferred to be involved. The pre-diabetic expression signature in these tissues is largely uncharacterized. HYPOTHESIS: Spontaneous models of T1D, the LEW.1AR1/Ztm-iddm rat (LEW-DP) and BioBreeding diabetes-prone rat (BBdp) exhibit a distinct transcriptional signature prior to T1D onset. Transcriptional profiling was used to elucidate the expression signatures of the LEW-DP gut and BBdp pancreas. The LEW-DP gut displayed decreased expression of markers of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. The LEW-DP rats showed an upregulation of markers of pro-inflammatory signaling when fed a diabetes-promoting cereal diet compared with LEW-DP rats fed a protective hydrolyzed casein diet. Prospective pancreatectomy was used to analyze T1D development in the BBdp rat. Significant upregulation of β-cell markers Reg3α, Reg3β, and Trim26 was observed in pre-diabetic rats. Thus, it was shown that environment modifies the transcriptional program and the transcriptional profile is programmed early to affect T1D development.

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7

Lin, Yvonne S. "Variability in CYP3A expression and metabolism : influence of genetics and probe substrate selection /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7966.

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8

Kliner, Shelbie B. "Empirical Characterization of Variability Among Affymetrix Probe Set Expression Summaries by Sequence Fidelity". VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd_retro/175.

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Microarray technology provides a quantitative assessment of the number of gene transcripts gene using a high-throughput hybridization assay. Reliable detection of gene expression therefore requires reliable design of probes used in the hybridization assay. It is noted that microarray gene expression measurements are often characterized by variability, even among a series of technical replicate arrays. Therefore, sequence verification, used as a low-level filter to exclude probes exhibiting sequence inaccuracies, has previously been shown to reduce gene expression variability.Building on this work, the effects of sequence- and annotation-based filtering methods were quantified, and shown to be effective in reducing microarray variability among a set of technical replicates. Further, appropriate thresholds for filtering are recommended. A significant interaction in an analysis of variation model was found when a combination of sequence- and annotation-based filtering methods were explanatory factors, suggesting the use of the combination of filtering methods might be most beneficial.

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9

Koschorreck, Katja. "Expression, Charakterisierung und Optimierung mikrobieller Laccasen für die Biokatalyse". [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-38663.

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10

Ji, Yuan. "Expression of granulocyte colony stimulating factor receptor in rat probe development, detection of anatomic localization and regulation of receptor expression /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972227784.

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11

Pacelli, Anna. "Development of a PET probe for the imaging of COX-2 expression in cancers". Thesis, University of Hull, 2015. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:15192.

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The COX-2 isozyme is overexpressed in several kinds of cancer, including colorectal, lung, breast, and oesophageal cancer. High levels of COX-2 are usually associated with poor prognosis and advanced disease. Furthermore, studies have suggested that co-administering COX-2 inhibitors along with classic chemotherapy can improve disease outcome. Therefore, COX-2 is an attractive PET imaging biomarker for patient stratification. A first library of potential COX-2 inhibitors with a 5,5-diphenyl hydantoin core was synthesised and screened for its affinity for COX isozymes. This structure was chosen for its novelty, its potential to improve the biodistribution of the tracer, due its lipophilicity, and its possible in vivo metabolic stability. However, these compounds showed no affinity for COX-2, therefore its further development into PET probes was no longer pursued. A second library with a 1,5-diphenyl imidazole structure was designed and synthesised, based on previous literature data with optimistic IC50 values for COX inhibition. A candidate for fluorine-18 radiolabelling was identified, therefore nitro and trimethyl ammonium triflate precursors were synthesised. A variety of conditions were tested for the fluorine-18 radiolabelling reactions, which identified the trimethyl ammonium precursor as a better choice. Further experiments, however, are needed in order to fully optimise the conditions of the reaction and to calculate the specific activity. In conclusion, two libraries of potential COX-2 inhibitors were designed, synthesised and tested in order to develop a PET imaging probe. A possible compound was identified, precursors were synthesised and radiolabelled with fluorine-18 in a variety of conditions, though further tests are necessary.

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12

Rosel-Zwobada, Jacqueline. "Représentation et expression dans la prise en charge des troubles de l'acquisition du langage". Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05H032.

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13

Dashti, Mohammed. "Integrated genome sequencing and gene expression analysis in the Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6106/.

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This research project attempts to identify the genetic determinants of SHRSP/Gla phenotypes by using mRNA and micro(mi)RNA expression profiling data, in combination with the genome sequence of the SHRSP/Gla and WKY/Gla, to facilitate human translational studies for hypertension and vice versa.

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14

Wang, Shue. "Probing Single Cell Gene Expression in Tissue Morphogenesis and Angiogenesis". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/560919.

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The fascinating capability of cellular self-organization during tissue development and repair is a central question in developmental biology and regenerative medicine. Understanding the dynamic morphogenic and regenerative processes of biological tissues will have important implications in biology and medicine. Nevertheless, the elucidation of the cellular self-organization processes is hindered by a lack of effective tools for monitoring the spatiotemporal gene expression distribution and a lack of ability to perturb the self-organization processes in living cells and tissues. Multimodal modularities that allow both single cell perturbation and gene detection are required to enable a new paradigm in the investigation of complex tissue morphogenic processes. To address this critical challenge in the field of developmental and regenerative medicine, we are developing a multimodal gold nanorod-locked nucleic acid (GNR-LNA) composite for single cell gene expression analysis in living cells and tissues at the transcriptional level. Using antisense RNA sequences, we design LNA probes for detecting specific molecular targets in living cells. The LNA probes bind to the GNR spontaneously due to the intrinsic affinity between the GNR and LNA. In close proximity, the fluorescent probes are effectively quenched by the GNR. Therefore, a fluorescent signal is only observed when the specific target thermodynamically displaces the LNA probe from the GNR. Furthermore, the GNR also serves as a transducer for photothermal ablation. Thus, we established a novel modularity for imaging the spatiotemporal gene expression distribution in living cells and tissues. The single cell analysis capability of our techniques enables us to adopt a unique approach to study the tissue regenerative processes during normal development and diseases, and this will have a profound impact on regenerative medicine and disease treatment in future. Moreover, we applied this GNR-LNA probe to explore the endothelial cell mRNA dynamics during capillary morphogenesis. Three different types of cells were identified due to their different roles during endothelial cell capillary-like formation process. Our findings indicated that the endothelial cell behavior is directly related to the Dll4 mRNA expression, and Dll4 expression in ECs determine the cell fate. Our GNR-LNA probe enable us to investigate the correlations between Dll4 mRNA expression and cell behavior during capillary morphogenesis. Experimental results indicated that: (1) When the endothelial cells aggregate, the cells migrate with certain displacement, the Dll4 mRNA expression decreases. (2) When the endothelial cells sprout, the cells migrate with small displacement but the cell shape changes to an ellipse shape, the Dll4 mRNA expression begin to increase. (3) When the endothelial cells elongate and form cell-cell contract with adjacent cells, the Dll4 expression decreased to a certain level and keep stable until the cell activity change to another stage. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated endothelial cells compete for the leader cell position during wound healing, collective cell migration, and tip cell formation during angiogenic process. It has been demonstrated that endothelial cells compete for the tip cell formation through Notch signaling pathway. However, how the mechanical force regulates tip cell formation is still unclear, and if mechanoregulation of tip cell formation through Notch pathway still unknown. Mechanical and chemical regulations of tissue morphogenesis and angiogenesis are being investigated in both in vitro capillary-like network formation assay and in vivo mice retina angiogenesis assay. Here, we investigated the mechanoregulation of mechanotransduction of tissue morphogenesis and angiogenesis using both in vitro endothelial cell tube formation model and in vivo mice retina blood vessel development model. Our results demonstrated that (1) Notch pathway negatively regulates tip cell formation: inhibition of Notch pathway (DAPT) enhances tip cell formation, induces Dll4 and Notch1 activity, activation of Notch pathway (Jag1 peptide) inhibits tip cell formation, suppresses Dll4 and Notch1 activity. (2) Mechanical force negatively regulate tip cell formation: (a) Decrease mechanical force via Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632, myosin II inhibitor Blebbistatin, or laser ablation, enhances tip cell formation and induces Dll4 activity through mediation of Dll4-Notch1 lateral inhibition, (b) increase mechanical force via traction force inducer Nocodazole and Calyculin A, suppresses tip cell formation and inhibits Dll4 activity through activation of Notch pathway. (3) Mechanical force negatively regulates tip cell formation partially via mediation of Notch pathway. Mechanical force is necessary for tip cell formation and negatively regulate tip/stalk selection via Dll4-Notch1 lateral inhibition. Interruption of mechanical force enhance tip cell formation via suppression of Dll4-Notch1 lateral inhibition, thus resulting the increase of Dll4 expression. Enhance of mechanical force inhibits tip cell formation via activation of Dll4-Notch1 lateral inhibition, thus resulting the decreases of Dll4 expression. All these finding wills have great significance for various biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, cancer, and drug screening.

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15

Orvoen, Hadrien. "Expressions faciales émotionnelles et Prise de décisions coopératives". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0032/document.

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Les comportements sociaux coopératifs sont longtemps restés un obstacle aux modèles de choix rationnel, obstacle qu'incarnent des dilemmes sociaux où un individu suivant son intérêt personnel est incité à exploiter la coopération d'autrui à son seul avantage. Je détaillerai tout d'abord comment la coopération peut apparaître un choix sensé lorsque elle est envisagée dans un contexte naturel et réel. Un regard à travers l'anthropologie, la psychologie et la neurobiologie conduit à appréhender la coopération davantage comme une adaptation et un apprentissage que comme un défaut de rationalité. Les émotions jouent un rôle essentiel dans ces processus, et je présenterai en quoi les exprimer aide les êtres humains à se synchroniser et à coopérer. Le sourire est souvent invoqué comme exemple d'un signal universel de coopération et d'approbation, une propriété intimement liée à son expression répétée lors de tâches collaboratives. Malgré tout, on en sait encore peu sur la manière précise dont le sourire et les autres expressions interviennent dans la prise de décision sociale, et en particulier sur le traitement des situations d'incongruence où un sourire accompagnerait une défection. Ce point est le cœur de l'étude expérimentale que je rapporte dans ce manuscrit. J'ai réalisé deux expériences confrontant les participants à un dilemme social dans lequel ils pouvaient investir une somme d'argent auprès de différents joueurs informatisés susceptibles de se l'accaparer, ou, au contraire, de la rétribuer avec intérêts. Les joueurs virtuels étaient personnalisés par un visage dont l'expression pouvait changer après le choix du participant: certains affichaient ainsi des émotions incongruentes avec leur ``décision'' subséquente de rétribuer ou non l'investissement du sujet. Malgré les différences méthodologiques, ces deux expériences ont montré que les expressions incongruentes altéraient la capacité des participants à jauger la propension des joueurs virtuels à rétribuer leurs investissements après une ou plusieurs interactions. Cet effet s'est manifesté tant au travers de rapports explicites que dans les investissements effectués. Dans leurs détails, les résultats de ces expériences ouvrent de nombreuses perspectives expérimentales, et appellent à la construction d'un modèle unifié de la décision sociale face-à-face qui intégrerait les nombreuses connaissances apportées ces dernières années par l'étude des grandes fonctions cognitives, tant au niveau expérimental, théorique que neurobiologique
For few decades, rational choice theories failed to properly account for cooperative behaviors. This was illustrated by social dilemmas, games where a self-motivated individual will be tempted to exploit others' cooperative behavior, harming them for his own personal profit. I will first detail how cooperation may rise as a reasonable --- if not rational --- behavior, provided that we consider social interactions in a more realistic context that rational choice theories initially did. From anthropology to neurobiology, cooperation is understood as an efficient adaptation to this natural environment rather than a quirky, self-defeating behavior. Because pertinent information is often lacking or overwhelming, too complex or ambiguous to deal with, it is essential to communicate, to share, and to trust others. Emotions, and their expression, are a cornerstone of humans' natural and effortless navigation in their social environment. Smiles for instance are universally known as a signal of satisfaction, approbation and cooperation. Like other emotional expressions, they are automatically and preferentially treated. They elicit trust and cooperative behaviors in observers, and are ubiquitous in successful collaborative interactions. Beside that however, few is known about how others' expressions are integrated into decision making. That was the focus of the experimental study I relate in this manuscript. More specifically, I investigated how decisions in a trust-based social dilemma are influenced by smiles which are either displayed along a cooperative or defective behavior (``congruently'' and ``incongruently'', resp.). I carried out two experiments where participants played an investment game with different computerized virtual partners playing the role of trustees. Virtual trustees, which were personalised with a facial avatar, could either take and keep participants investment, or reciprocate it with interests. Moreover, they also displayed facial reactions, that were either congruent or incongruent with their computerized ``decision'' to reciprocate or not. Even if the two experiments presented some methodological differences, they were coherent in that they both showed that participants were altered in remembering a virtual trustee's behavior if the latter expressed incongruent emotions. This was observed from participants' investments in game, and from their post-experimental explicit reports. If many improvements to my experimental approach remain to be done, I think it already completes the existing literature with original results. Many interesting perspectives are left open, which appeal for a deeper investigation of face-to-face decision making. I think it constitutes a theoretical and practical necessity, for which researchers will be required to unify the wide knowledge of the major cognitive functions which was gathered over the last decades

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16

Bourjade, Marie Thierry Bernard Hausberger Martine. "Sociogenèse et expression des comportements individuels et collectifs chez le cheval". Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2008. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/896/01/BOURJADE_Marie_2007.pdf.

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Thèse de doctorat : Physiologie et biologie des organismes, populations, interactions : Strasbourg 1 : 2007.
Texte en français et en anglais. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. p. 219-239.

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17

Bourjade, Marie. "Sociogenèse et expression des comportements individuels et collectifs chez le cheval". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/BOURJADE_Marie_2007.pdf.

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Ce travail porte sur l’influence des congénères dans la régulation du comportement social chez le cheval. Nos résultats montrent que le comportement social des jeunes chevaux de Przewalski est associé au ratio jeune/adulte du groupe et que le développement du réseau de relations s’accompagne d’une différenciation des relations des jeunes avec leurs différents partenaires. Une approche expérimentale sur de jeunes chevaux domestiques en présence ou absence d’adulte indique un effet de l'interaction de la présence de ces deux types de partenaires dans la sociogenèse des jeunes. En outre, les compétences sociales, en particulier le rang hiérarchique des jeunes étalons permet de prédire leur succès reproducteur précoce ultérieur. Cette étude met également en évidence différents processus décisionnels collectifs impliqués dans les déplacements des familles de chevaux de Przewalski. La coordination sociale des groupes y est affectée par des facteurs individuels, sociaux et environnementaux
This study deals with the role of social influences on the regulation of social behaviour in horses. The results show that the behaviour of young Przewalski horses correlates with the young/adult ratio of the family and that the development of young’s social preferences occurs with a differentiation of relationships according to interacting partners. An experimental study on young domestic horses in presence or absence of adult partners indicates some interacting effects of both partner types on the young’s sociogeny. Additionally, a predictive link between stallion dominance rank in all-male groups and their subsequent paternities suggests there are functional consequences of males’ social skills. A second investigation enhances different collective decision-making processes in the movements of Przewalski horse families. Indeed, the social dynamics of movement patterns are affected by individual, social and environmental factors

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18

Ramos, Silvana de Souza. "A prosa de Dora: uma leitura da articulação entre natureza e cultura na filosofia de Merleau-Ponty". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-07122009-142545/.

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O presente trabalho objetiva oferecer uma leitura da articulação entre natureza e cultura na filosofia de Merleau-Ponty. Em primeiro lugar, mediante o estudo das obras dos anos 1940, mostramos o caráter problemático da manutenção de uma perspectiva da consciência que impede o filósofo de dar conta da não separação entre fato e essência. Em linhas gerais, mostramos, por um lado, que a Structure du comportement e a Phénoménologie de la perception comportam uma concepção de natureza entendida como plenitude e atualidade; por outro lado, a aparição do cogito tácito responsável por unificar as operações expressivas deixa claro que o simbólico só pode ter lugar na ordem humana. Em segundo lugar, investigamos como a reabilitação do conceito de natureza (atrelada à discussão sobre a historicidade do sentido, iniciada nos anos 1950) permite a Merleau-Ponty conceber o Ser natural como vida e como avanço criador. Este movimento permite alastrar a expressão a todas as dimensões da experiência desde as naturais até as culturais de modo que a cultura possa ser engrenada à produtividade da natureza. Por fim, mediante a análise do problema da intersubjetividade em Merleau-Ponty, discutimos como a compreensão de um Ser relacional pode ensejar uma teoria da individuação e do reconhecimento. Para tanto, centramos nossa leitura na apropriação merleau-pontiana de alguns elementos da psicanálise. Trata-se de mostrar que o corpo humano carrega matrizes simbólicas opacas ou um sistema de equivalências carnais que guiam o desejo do sujeito e sua conseqüente formação, de modo que a experiência humana assim como o Ser no qual ela se desenrola guarda sempre um avesso de latência cujo desvelamento exige um discurso interrogativo que encontra seu modelo na experiência psicanalítica.
This thesis proposes a lecture on articulation between nature and culture by Merleau- Ponty´s philosophy. At first, through the study of his work in the 1940s, we show the problematic character of the maintenance of the perspective of consciousness, that impede the philosopher to do then the binding between fact and essence. On the one hand we show that the Structure du comportement and the Phénoménologie de la perception contains a conception of nature as plenitude and actuality; on the other hand the arising of the tacit cogito responsible for unifying expressive operations quite clear that the symbolic have place only at human order. At second we investigate how the rehabilitation of the concept of nature (that is linked with the discussion on the historicity of meaning in the 1950s) makes Merleau-Ponty to conceive the nature being as life and as moving-on. This movement make possible to spread the expression to all dimensions of the experience from the nature to cultural one so that culture can to be in gear to productivity of the nature. At last, through the analysis of the intersubjectivity by Merleau-Ponty, we discuss how the comprehension of relational being can to offer a particular theory of the individuation and of the acknowledgment. For this we focus our lecture on merleaupontian appropriation of some elements of the psychoanalysis. It show that the human body load opaque symbolic matrix or a system of flesh equivalences that guide the desire of the subject and your following building, so that the human experience as the Being into that which it to unroll itself keep always a imminent meaning, which designation require a interrogative discuss, which model is founded into the psychoanalytic experience.

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19

Le, Grézause Esther. "Um and Uh, and the expression of stance in conversational speech". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC149/document.

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Le chapitre 1 sert d’introduction à la thèse, pose les problématiques et les méthodes, remet en perspective les enjeux et annonce le plan suivi. Le chapitre 2 définit les principaux types de disfluences (cliniques et naturelles), résume les études principales conduites sur les disfluences, et présente les différents points de vue sur leur rôle dans le discours. Le chapitre 3 dresse l’état de la question sur le statut des deux pauses pleines (fillers) um et uh et montre comment plusieurs études récentes accréditent l’idée d’une différence pragmatique, voire fonctionnelle, entre ces deux "fillers", qu’il convient donc d’envisager comme des marqueurs. Le chapitre 4 revient sommairement sur le concept de "stance" (prise de position, évaluation), établit sa définition dans cette thèse et dans le corpus ATAROS, puis présente l’état de la question quant à la détection automatique de "stance" dans les corpus oraux. Le chapitre 5 caractérise les deux corpus étudiés, ATAROS et Switchboard (SWB), et établit leurs contributions. Ce chapitre présente les méthodologies d’annotation des corpus, les deux versions de SWB, ainsi que la méthode suivie pour construire une interopérabilité de ces deux corpus pour l’analyse de um et uh. Le chapitre 6 analyse la distribution et la durée des deux marqueurs dans SWB et ATAROS en fonction du genre des interlocuteurs, de l’authenticité de la conversation, et du nombre de conversations auxquelles les sujets participent. Ce chapitre montre que um et uh ont des durées et des distributions différentes et indique que les marqueurs ne sont pas utilisés au hasard. Le chapitre 7 se penche sur la production de um et uh dans SWB, et sur la perception des deux marqueurs en comparant les deux versions des transcriptions du corpus. Les principaux résultats montrent que um et uh sont plus souvent oublis que d’autres mots fréquents tels que les mots fonctionnels, et que les transcripteurs de SWB font plus d’erreurs sur uh que sur um, suggérant que um joue un rôle discursif plus important que uh. Le chapitre 8 interroge la relation entre la prise de position ("stance") d’une unité de parole et la présence et la position des marqueurs dans une phrase, et révèle que ces deux dimensions sont dépendantes. Le chapitre 9 évalue la relation entre la prise de position d’une unité de parole et la réalisation acoustique de la voyelle des marqueurs, comparé à la même voyelle dans d’autres mots monosyllabiques. Les résultats indiquent que les valeurs de "stance" affectent avec différents degrés la réalisation acoustique des marqueurs. Le chapitre 10 incorpore les résultats des expériences précédentes dans plusieurs taches de classification qui testent les traits les plus importants pour prédire automatiquement les valeurs de "stance" en fonction des paramètres correspondants à um et uh (traits lexicaux, positionnels et acoustiques). Ces expériences montrent que les traits pertinents aux marqueurs affectent la performance du système et que les meilleurs résultats de la classification sont obtenus lorsque les traits lexicaux um et uh sont présents, et lorsque leur position est prise en compte. Les résultats aussi indiquent que différentes propriétés acoustiques améliorent les scores de prédictions. Le chapitre 11 conclut la thèse en résumant les résultats des chapitres 6 à 10, en soulignant les impacts de cette recherche, et en indiquant les futures pistes de recherche
Chapter 1 introduces the dissertation, establishes the research questions and the methodology, questions the stakes of studying the markers um and uh, and lays out the study organization. Chapter 2 defines the main types of disfluencies, clinical and naturally occurring, summarizes the state of the art on the topic, and presents the different positions on their discourse role. Chapter 3 establishes the challenges regarding the fillers um and uh and summarizes studies that support the idea of different pragmatic and functional roles, suggesting that they are markers rather than just fillers. Chapter 4 introduces the concept of ÔstanceÕ (i.e., evaluation, opinion), establishes the definition used in this study and in the ATAROS corpus, and briefly summarizes the state of the art on automatic stance recognition in spoken speech. Chapter 5 introduces the two corpora used in this dissertation, ATAROS and Switchboard (SWB), and establishes their contribution. This chapter presents the methodologies for the annotations, the two versions of SWB, as well as the methodology adopted to construct an interoperability between the corpora to analyze um and uh. Chapter 6 analyzes the distribution and the duration of the two markers in SWB and ATAROS depending on speaker and dyad gender, on the conversationÕs naturalness, and on speaker participation. This chapter shows that um and uh are different from each other, that they have different distribution and duration cues depending on the variables, and therefore indicates that they are not used randomly. Chapter 7 focuses on the production of um and uh in SWB, and on the perception of the two markers by comparing two transcription versions of the corpus. The results of this chapter show that um and uh are more often missed than other frequent words such as function words, and that SWB transcribers make more transcription errors on uh than on um, suggesting that um plays a more important role in discourse than uh. Chapter 8 investigates the relationship between stance and the presence and the position of um and uh in an utterance, and reveals that the presence and the position of the two markers is dependent with stance. Chapter 9 looks at the relationship between stance and the acoustic realization of the vowel of the markers, compared to the vowel of other monosyllabic words. The results indicate that the stance values affect the vowel realization to different extents. Chapter 10 consists of a classification experiment that incorporates the findings from previous experiments to find out which features pertinent to um and uh (lexical, position, and acoustics) improve the systemÕs performance. The experiments show that the features associated to the two markers impact the systemÕs performance and that the best results are obtained when the word unigrams um and uh are not filtered, and when their position is included. The results also indicate that different acoustic features improve the scores. Chapter 11 concludes the dissertation by summarizing the results from chapters 6 through 10, underlying the impact of this study, and addressing the future directions of this project

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20

Tyminski, John P. "Androgen receptors in the bonnethead shark, Sphyrna tiburo : cDNA cloning and tissue-specific expression in the male reproductive tract". [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002128.

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21

Mishchenko, Marina. "Réciprocité et expression de confiance en situation de prise de décision chez les personnes avec un Trouble du Spectre de l'Autisme (TSA)". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB242.

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L'enjeu de la thèse est de rendre compte de la sensibilité des personnes avec TSA aux différents niveaux de réciprocité dans un contexte virtuel de l'enfance à l'âge adulte. Pour cela, nous avons utilisé deux paradigmes (Cyberball ; Trust game) permettant de faire varier le caractère explicite du contexte social. Notre objectif est de mieux rendre compte de la capacité des personnes avec TSA à différents âges à ajuster leurs décisions au cours d'un jeu virtuel en fonction des attentes de réciprocité sociale. Dans la première étude nous examinons les capacités de discrimination entre trois profils d'interaction qui correspondent aux trois niveaux de réciprocité (coopération, équité et exclusion) ainsi que la réponse implicite et explicite des enfants, adolescents, jeunes adultes et adultes TSA face à ces attitudes. La deuxième étude réalisée chez les participants tout-venants propose de vérifier le poids de deux facteurs, tels que la motivation de gain et motivation d'appartenance sociale, susceptibles de favoriser la reconnaissance des niveaux de réciprocité et l'ajustement de son comportement. Dans la troisième étude nous testons les capacités des adolescents TSA à résister au biais explicite de nature sociale (réputation) et à adapter leur comportement conformément au niveau de réciprocité des adversaires dans un jeu économique en utilisant le paradigme bayésien. La reproductibilité des résultats en recherche sur l'autisme ainsi que l'amélioration des paradigmes existants en utilisant de nouvelles méthodes d'analyse sont discutées
How do individuals on the Autism Spectrum respond to different levels of reciprocity during social interactions? The aim of this dissertation is to describe decision making of ASD participants in the social context across different ages (children, adolescents, young adults, and adults), using two experimental paradigms (Cyberball; Trust game) In a series of three experimental studies we: 1) assess the ability of ASD individuals to discriminate between cooperation, fairness, exclusion, and to adopt reciprocal behavior by analyzing their implicit and explicit responses; 2) compare the motivational effects of gain and social affiliation on the recognition of different levels of reciprocity, in typically developed individuals; and 3) test the influence of reputational bias on reciprocal behavior in ASD adolescents using a Bayesian approach of decision making. The use of new methods to improve existing paradigms and to respond to challenges in ASD research are discussed

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22

Pouzadoux, Marie-Laure Goronflot Lionel. "La prise en compte des volontés de la personne malade en situation de fin de vie analyse qualitative des pratiques des médecins généralistes de Loire-Atlantique et de Vendée /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=58786.

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Kaira, Mustapha. "In situ molecular profilling of the microenvironment of breast carcinoma". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-265258.

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High stromal PDGF receptor B expression was shown to have strong prognostic value in a studyinvolving over 600 breast cancer patients however, the molecular role of the receptor in tumordevelopment remains unclear. In this project we studied the spatial distribution and expressionlevels of a panel genes and markers associated with PDGF signaling, in breast cancer tumormicroenvironment (TME) using a newly developed technique -in situ sequencing. The techniquerelies on padlock probes which we validated with corresponding RNA sequencing, microarray,and immunohistochemistry data. Our results showed that high PDGF receptor B mRNA colocalizedwith markers of two pathways, TGFβ and Hedgehog signaling; this suggests that theymight contribute to the PDGF-receptor B-driven tumor growth. We also showed that stromalPDGF signaling is stimulated predominantly by tumor cells. Finally, further expression profilingof each individual gene revealed that CXCL14 was mainly expressed in the stroma, ACTA2expression was enriched in the tumor/stroma boundary while the stem-cell marker, OCT3, wasexpressed in the interior of the tumor cells.

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24

Oyama, Atsushi. "Up-regulated TGF-β mRNA expression in splenic T cells of high IgA-prone mice : a murine model of IgA nephropathy with glomerulosclerosis". Kyoto University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/150601.

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Fakhoury, May. "Pharmacogénétique en pédiatrie : 1-Expression du complexe CYP3A/P-gp dans l'entérocyte humain : 2-Implications des polymorphismes pharmacogénétiques dans la prise en charge des leucémies aiguës lymphoblastiques". Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05P625.

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La variabilité interindividuelle dans la biodisponibilité des médicaments est principalement due à l'âge et aux polymorphismes pharmacogénétiques. A- Projet de pharmacologie fondamentale portant sur l'expression du CYP3A/P-gp dans le duodénum humain : - au cours du développement (localisation et ARNm - lors d'une inflammation systémique (maladie de Crohn). B- Projet de pharmacologie clinique et pharmacogénétique chez les enfants atteints de leucémie aigue lymphoblastique (LAL) : - évaluation de la variabilité de l'activité de la thiopurine S-méthyltransférase (TPMT) en cours de traitement de maintenance - estimation des paramètres pharmacocinétiques de population du méthotrexate (MTX) et sélection d'un modèle prédictif avec 2 prélèvements (H24 et H48) - impact des polymorphismes génétiques (enzymes de métabolisme et protéines de transport des anticancéreux) sur la survenue d'effets indésirables: résultats préliminaires obtenus à l'hôpital Robert Debré (France) et Hôtel Dieu de France (Beyrouth)
Xenobiotic disposition in the organism is highly variable among individuals and due to the impact of age and pharmacogenetic polymorphisms. A- Fundamental pharmacology project concerning the expression of CYP3A/P-gp complex in the human duodenum : - throughout post-natal development (localization and mRNA expression) - during systemic inflammation (Crohn's disease). Clinical pharmacology and pharmacogenetic project in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (LAL) : - evaluation of the variability in thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) during maintenance therapy - estimation of the pharmacokinetic parameters of methotrexate (MTX) and the proposal of a limited sampling strategy (H24 and H48) - impact of genetic polymorphisms (metabolic enzymes and transport proteins of anti-neoplasic agents) on the occurrence of side effects: preliminary results of two hospitals, Robert Debré (France) and Hôtel-Dieu de France (Beirut)

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26

Marin-Lamellet, Claude. "Eléments de réflexion sur l'interface conducteur âge-systèmes d'aide à la navigation : expression du vieillissement sur la prise et le traitement d'informations visuelles en situation d'attention partagée". Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10021.

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L'introduction d'ecrans embarques a bord des automobiles necessitera de la part du conducteur la gestion d'informations nouvelles en sus de la tache de conduite. Cela amene a s'interroger sur les modalites de presentation de ces informations, compte-tenu des capacites fonctionnelles specifiques aux personnes agees. Nous avons etudie en laboratoire l'influence de parametres physiques de presentation de l'information en situation d'attention partagee (entre une tache de poursuite et une tache de detection reponse a des signaux directionnels) sur des sujets jeunes et ages. Les parametres de presentation de l'information etudies ont ete: le type de contraste, la valeur de contraste, la taille des signaux ainsi que la position de l'ecran presentant les signaux par rapport au champ frontal de vision (15 et 30). Les sujets ages ont montre des temps de reponse aux signaux sensiblement equivalents a ceux des sujets jeunes mais ils ont obtenu un taux de bonnes reponses inferieur, surtout en situation d'attention partagee. Les caracteristiques physiques des fleches ont influe sur les temps de reponse, mais pas sur le taux d'erreurs, et ce quelque soit l'age. Par ailleurs, les sujets ages n'ont pas mis en uvre, dans la situation d'attention partagee, des processus de traitement de l'information equivalents aux sujets jeunes. En effet, si ces derniers ont traite les informations relatives aux deux taches par recouvrement temporel, les sujets ages semblent, eux, avoir effectue un traitement sequentiel des informations

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27

Benabderrahmane, Sidahmed. "Prise en compte des connaissances du domaine dans l'analyse transcriptomique : Similarité sémantique, classification fonctionnelle et profils flous : application au cancer colorectal". Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00653169.

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L'analyse bioinformatique des données de transcriptomique a pour but d'identifier les gènes qui présentent des variations d'expression entre différentes situations, par exemple entre des échantillons de tissu sain et de tissu malade et de caractériser ces gènes à partir de leurs annotations fonctionnelles. Dans ce travail de thèse, je propose quatre contributions pour la prise en compte des connaissances du domaine dans ces méthodes. Tout d'abord je définis une nouvelle mesure de similarité sémantique et fonctionnelle (IntelliGO) entre les gènes, qui exploite au mieux les annotations fonctionnelles issues de l'ontologie GO ('Gene Ontology'). Je montre ensuite, grâce à une méthodologie d'évaluation rigoureuse, que la mesure IntelliGO est performante pour la classification fonctionnelle des gènes. En troisième contribution je propose une approche différentielle avec affectation floue pour la construction de profils d'expression différentielle (PED). Je définis alors un algorithme d'analyse de recouvrement entre classes fonctionnelles et ensemble des références, ici les PEDs, pour mettre en évidence des gènes ayant à la fois les mêmes variations d'expression et des annotations fonctionnelles similaires. Cette méthode est appliquée à des données expérimentales produites à partir d'échantillons de tissus sains, de tumeur colo-rectale et de lignée cellulaire cancéreuse. Finalement, la mesure de similarité IntelliGO est généralisée à d'autres vocabulaires structurés en graphe acyclique dirigé et enraciné (rDAG) comme l'est l'ontologie GO, avec un exemple d'application concernant la réduction sémantique d'attributs avant la fouille.

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Flores, M?rcia Lunardi. "Corregula??o da publicidade infantil : uma poss?vel solu??o para os conflitos entre livre iniciativa, liberdade de express?o comercial e prote??o integral da crian?a". Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2018. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/8039.

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This study aims to analyze the extent to which the Brazilian constitutional order allows the State to limit the freedom of commercial expression and free initiative in favor of the principle of the integral protection of the child. To this end, the relationship between children, consumption and advertising, within the context of a capitalist and hypermodern society, is verified. A possible form of regulation of children's advertising should therefore be considered, in light of the theory of the linking of individuals to fundamental rights as a means of guaranteeing the full protection of the child and the preservation of the right to freedom of commercial expression and free enterprise. The investigation of some regulatory models in force in the international scenario, such as the Quebec, Spain, United Kingdom, United States, France and Italy systems, was necessary to search for parameters suitable for harmonization between the interests of free enterprise and freedom of expression with the need to protect children. The starting point was the Quebec system because it is a more restrictive model for children's advertising. European elected models, on the other hand, present a greater dialogue between self-regulation, state legislation and civil society. The US system has a greater emphasis on self-regulation, but there is room for State action through regulatory agencies. The comparison of international models with the Brazilian system of self-regulation of advertising has shown that the Brazilian model lacks a greater dialogue with the State, as well as more efficient ways of protecting the child in relation to exposure to advertisements. The Brazilian constitutional order, while at the same time consecrating free initiative and free expression, adopted as a paradigm the integral protection of children, giving priority to their interests. It is possible, therefore, to have a greater state action in defense of the child's interests in relation to advertising. In order to equalize the advertising market and its right of free initiative and expression and child protection, co-regulation is a viable alternative, imposing limits that obey the criteria of reasonableness and proportionality.
O trabalho busca analisar em que medida a ordem constitucional brasileira permite ao Estado limitar a liberdade de express?o comercial e a livre iniciativa em favor do princ?pio da prote??o integral da crian?a. Verifica-se, para tanto, as rela??es entre crian?a, consumo e publicidade, dentro do contexto de uma sociedade capitalista e hipermoderna. Assim, cabe avaliar uma poss?vel forma de regulamenta??o ? publicidade infantil, ? luz a teoria da vincula??o dos particulares aos direitos fundamentais como meio de garantia ? prote??o integral da crian?a e a preserva??o do direito de liberdade de express?o comercial e de livre iniciativa. A investiga??o de alguns modelos regulat?rios vigentes no cen?rio internacional, dentre os quais, destacam-se os sistemas do Quebec, da Espanha, do Reino Unido, dos Estados Unidos, da Fran?a e da It?lia fez-se necess?ria para a busca de par?metros aptos ? harmoniza??o entre os interesses havidos na livre iniciativa e liberdade de express?o com a necessidade de prote??o da inf?ncia. O ponto de partida foi o sistema do Quebec em raz?o de ser um modelo mais restritivo ? publicidade infantil. J? os modelos europeus eleitos apresentam um di?logo maior entre a autorregulamenta??o, legisla??o estatal e sociedade civil. O sistema norte-americano tem maior ?nfase na autorregulamenta??o, contudo h? espa?o para a atua??o do Estado, por meio de ag?ncias reguladoras. A compara??o dos modelos internacionais com o sistema de autorregulamenta??o brasileiro da publicidade deram mostras de que falta, ao modelo brasileiro, um maior di?logo com o Estado, bem como formas mais eficientes de prote??o da crian?a com rela??o ? exposi??o aos an?ncios publicit?rios. A ordem constitucional brasileira, ao mesmo tempo em que consagrou a livre iniciativa e a livre express?o, adotou como paradigma a prote??o integral da inf?ncia, conferindo prioridade aos seus interesses. ? poss?vel, portanto, haver uma maior a??o estatal em defesa dos interesses da crian?a frente ? publicidade. A fim de equalizar o mercado publicit?rio e seu direito de livre inciativa e express?o e a prote??o da crian?a, a corregula??o se apresenta como uma alternativa vi?vel, impondo limites que obedecem aos crit?rios de razoabilidade e proporcionalidade.

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Medeiros, Nathalia Maira Cabral de. "An?lise filogen?tica e funcional de dois genes de reparo hom?logos a AP endonuclease em cana-de-a??car: ScARP1 e ScARP3". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12627.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
The genome of all organisms constantly suffers the influence of mutagenic factors from endogenous and/or exogenous origin, which may result in damage for the genome. In order to keep the genome integrity there are different DNA repair pathway to detect and correct these lesions. In relation to the plants as being sessile organisms, they are exposed to this damage frequently. The Base Excision DNA Repair (BER) is responsible to detect and repair oxidative lesions. Previous work in sugarcane identified two sequences that were homologous to Arabidopsis thaliana: ScARP1 ScARP3. These two sequences were homologous to AP endonuclease from BER pathway. Then, the aim of this work was to characterize these two sequence using different approaches: phylogenetic analysis, in silico protein organelle localization and by Nicotiana tabacum transgenic plants with overexpression cassette. The in silico data obtained showed a duplication of this sequence in sugarcane and Poaceae probably by a WGD event. Furthermore, in silico analysis showed a new localization in nuclei for ScARP1 protein. The data obtained with transgenic plants showed a change in development and morphology. Transgenic plants had slow development when compared to plants not transformed. Then, these results allowed us to understand better the potential role of this sequence in sugarcane and in plants in general. More work is important to be done in order to confirm the protein localization and protein characterization for ScARP1 and ScARP3
O genoma de todos os organismos sofre constantemente a influ?ncia de fatores mutag?nicos que podem ser de origem end?gena e/ou ex?gena, estes podem resultar em danos ao material gen?tico. Se esses danos n?o forem corrigidos pode levar ao aparecimento de muta??es. As plantas por serem organismos sesseis est?o continuamente expostas a estes fatores. Considerando isto, os organismos (animais e vegetais) possuem diferentes vias de reparo de DNA para manter a integridade do material gen?tico. Dentro destas vias, h? a via de Reparo por Excis?o de Bases (BER) que ? composta por diferentes enzimas, e dentro dessa via h? a enzima AP endonuclease que ? alvo deste estudo. Trabalhos anteriores em cana-de-a??car identificaram duas sequ?ncias de cDNA hom?logas a esta prote?na que foram denominadas ScARP1 e ScARP3. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar estas duas sequ?ncias por meio de an?lises filogen?ticas utilizando sequ?ncias presentes dentro do reino Plantae, e de an?lises estruturais dos genes de AP endonuclease por an?lise in silico e por plantas transg?nicas contendo cassetes de super-express?o. Al?m disso, foi realizado transforma??es e a obten??o plantas transg?nicas de Nicotiana tabacum contendo cassetes de super-express?o em orienta??o anti-senso. Foi tamb?m analisado a rela??o filogen?tica de genes DNA ligase I presentes no organismo vegetal de estudo. Os resultados obtidos permitiram verificar que as sequ?ncias ScARP1 e ScARP3 correspondem a uma duplica??o, provavelmente devido a um processo de duplica??o do genoma como um todo (WGD) que deve ter ocorrido no grupo das gram?neas (Poaceae). Refor?ando estes dados, foi verificado um poss?vel direcionamento da prote?na para organelas diferentes, sendo que a ScARP1 pode ser encontrada no n?cleo e a ScARP3 em mitocondrias e/ou cloroplasto. Com rela??o as plantas transg?nicas contendo o cassete em orienta??o anti-senso foi observado que estas apresentaram crescimento lento quando comparado com a planta selvagem (n?o transformada). Al?m disso, seu fen?tipo abrange altera??es morfol?gicas no crescimento foliar, baixa estatura e diminui??o na produ??o de sementes. Entretanto, ainda se faz necess?rio a obten??o da linhagem homozigota para aprofundar essas observa??es. Desta forma, estes resultados permitem compreender um pouco melhor do poss?vel papel da enzima AP endonuclease em cana-de-a??car e em plantas

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30

Lullien, Valérie. "Expression des genes vegetaux pendant la differenciation des nodosites de luzerne (medicago sativa)". Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30238.

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Analyse des polypeptides obtenus par traduction in vitro d'arn messagers extraits de racines non nodulees, de nodosites fixatrices d'azote ou de nodosites non fixatrices. Etude de l'expression des genes codant pour les leghemoglobines et analyse de l'organisation de ces genes chez medicago sativa, des hybrides somatiques, et chez des legumineuses apparentees. Utilisation de sondes d'adn isolees d'autres especes de plantes pour suivre l'expression des genes codant pour des proteines connues pour jouer un role dans la symbiose (glutamine synthetase) ou les interactions plantes-microorganismes (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, chalcone synthase, extensine)

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31

Baron, Agnès. "Etude de genes contenant une homeobox chez la souris : caracteristiques structurales, analyse transcriptionnelle dans l'espace et dans le temps chez l'embryon et chez l'adulte". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13033.

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La decouverte de l'homeobox: sequence d'adn, presente dans plusieurs genes jouant un role decisif dans la formation des structures de la drosophile et conservee dans des organismes aussi differents que les annelides, la souris et l'homme. Isolement de gene de souris contenant une homebox, en criblant une banque d'adn genomique. Six homeoboxes groupees sur une distance de 75 kilobases ont ete isolees, demontrant que la structure en complexes rencontree chez la drosophile et l'homme est conservee chez la souris. L'analyse de l'expression des homeo-genes a montre qu'elle etait restreinte a certains jours du developpement embryonnaire et a quelques tissus de l'adulte, specifiques pour chaque homeo-gene. Ceci suggere que les homeogenes pourraient avoir un role de regulation des mecanismes impliques dans le developpement embryonnaire

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32

Siqueira, Flavia Ramos de. "Restrição no consumo de sódio durante a gestação é responsável pelo baixo peso ao nascimento e pela resistência à insulina da prole na idade adulta: estudo do mecanismo epigenético por metilação do DNA". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5148/tde-13082014-142638/.

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Sabe-se que algumas alterações nutricionais maternas durante o período perinatal estão associadas com doenças metabólicas na vida adulta das proles, tais como diabetes melito tipo 2, resistência à insulina, obesidade e hipertensão arterial. O período da gestação em que estas alterações nutricionais influenciam a prole na idade adulta ainda não está elucidado. Modificações epigenéticas têm sido propostas como mecanismos responsáveis por estas desordens metabólicas. Ratas Wistar de doze semanas de idade foram alimentadas com dieta com conteúdo baixo (HO - 0,15% NaCl) ou normal (NR - 1,3% NaCl) de sódio desde o primeiro dia de gestação até o nascimento da prole ou HO durante a primeira (HO10) ou segunda (HO20) metade da gestação. O peso corpóreo e a ingestão de água e ração foram avaliados semanalmente durante a gestação. Teste de tolerância à insulina (ITT) e à glicose (GTT) e HOMA-IR foram realizados nas proles adultas. Expressão gênica por qRT-PCR e metilação do DNA na região promotora dos genes foram mapeadas utilizando tratamento com bissulfito de sódio e avaliadas por pirosequenciamento. O ganho de peso materno foi menor no HO e HO20 na terceira semana de gestação em comparação com NR e HO10. O peso ao nascimento da prole foi menor em machos e fêmeas dos grupos HO e HO20 em relação ao NR e HO10. O HOMA-IR foi maior nos machos com 12 semanas de idade do grupo HO em comparação com NR e com 20 semanas de idade do grupo HO10 em comparação com NR e HO20. Nas fêmeas com 12 semanas de idade o HOMA-IR foi maior no HO10 comparado com HO. Os níveis de insulina no soro foram maiores tanto nos machos com 20 semanas de idade do grupo HO10 comparado com NR quanto nas fêmeas com 12 semanas de idade do grupo HO10 comparado com HO. A área sob a curva do GTT indicou intolerância à glicose nos machos do grupo HO. A porcentagem de metilação das ilhas CpG no promotor dos genes de Igf1, Igf1r, Ins1, Ins2 e Insr no fígado de machos e fêmeas neonatais e no fígado, tecido adiposo branco e músculo em machos com 20 semanas de idade foi influenciada pela baixa ingestão de sal durante a gestação. Nenhuma destas alterações foi identificada nas fêmeas com 20 semanas de idade. Em conclusão, a baixa ingestão de sal na segunda metade da gestação é responsável pelo baixo peso ao nascimento em ambos os sexos. A intolerância à glicose observada na prole adulta ocorreu somente se a dieta hipossódica é dada durante a gestação inteira. Por outro lado, a resistência à insulina em resposta ao consumo de dieta hipossódica durante a gestação está relacionada com o momento em que ocorre este insulto e com o envelhecimento da prole. Também foi observado que alterações na metilação do promotor do gene Igf1 está correlacionado com o baixo peso ao nascimento em resposta a ingestão de dieta hipossódica durante a gestação
It is known that some maternal nutritional alterations during pregnancy are associated with metabolic disorders in adult offspring, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity and arterial hypertension. The period of pregnancy in which these nutritional alterations influence adult offspring remains uncertain. Epigenetic changes are proposed to underlie these metabolic disorders. Twelve-week-old female Wistar rats were fed a low-salt (LS - 0.15% NaCl) or normal-salt (NS - 1.3% NaCl) diet since the first day of gestation until delivery or LS during the first (LS10) or second (LS20) half of gestation. Body weight, food and water intake were weekly evaluated during gestation. Blood glucose, insulin (ITT) and glucose (GTT) tolerance tests, HOMA-IR were performed in adult offspring. Gene expression and DNA methylation were mapped using bisulfite treatment evaluated by pyrosequencing in the male and female neonates and adult offspring. Weight gain was lower in LS and LS20 dams than in NS and LS10 dams in the third week of pregnancy. Birth weights were lower in male and female LS20 and LS rats compared with NS and LS10 neonates. HOMA-IR was higher in 12-week-old LS males compared with NS and in 20-week-old male LS10 rats compared with NS and LS20 rats. In 12-week-old LS10 females, HOMA-IR was higher than in LS. Serum insulin levels were higher in 20 week-old LS10 male compared with NS rats and in 12-week-old LS10 female compared to LS rats. The area under the curve of GTT indicated glucose intolerance in 12- and 20-week-old LS male. Methylation of CpG islands of the Insr, Igf1, Igf1r, Ins1 and Ins2 genes in liver in neonates male and female offspring and liver, white adipose tissue and muscle in 20-week-old male offspring were influenced by low-salt intake during pregnancy. None of these alterations was identified in 20-week-old females. In conclusion, low-salt diet consumption in the second half of pregnancy can result in low birth weights in the males and females offspring. Glucose intolerance observed in adult offspring occurred only if low salt intake was given throughout pregnancy. However, insulin resistance in response to low salt intake during pregnancy is related to the time at which this insult occurs and to the age of the offspring. Alterations in the DNA methylation of Igf1 were observed to be correlated with low birth weight in response to low salt feeding during pregnancy

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Minvielle, Stéphane. "Isolement et sequence du gene de la calcitonine et du peptide alternatif du gene de la calcitonine aviaire". Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077228.

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La calcitonine (hormone de 32 acides amines) est utilisee dans le traitement de la maladie de paget, de l'osteoporose ou des hypercalcemies. Le gene de la calcitonine est un modele de choix pour etudier la regulation de l'expression genetique par epissage alternatif dependant d'une specificite tissulaire. L'analyse structurale du gene a permis de predire l'existence d'un deuxieme peptide cgrp ("calcitonine generelated peptide) ou pagc (peptide alternatif du gene de la calcitonine). La sequence d'un arn messager codant pour la calcitonine de poulet a ete etablie. Grace a cette sonde, il a ete mis en evidence chez l'homme, la presence d'un gene codant pour la calcitonine de vertebre non mammifere. Le gene calcitonine/pagc aviaire et sequence

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Possignolo, Luiz Fernando 1987. "Efeito da ingestão crônica de dieta hiperlipídica no metabolismo de ratas, e sobre a expressão de SR-BI e ABCA1 na placenta, intestino delgado, fígado e rins da prole destes animais = Effect of high fat diet chronic ingestion on the metabolism of female rats, and on the SR-BI and ABCA1 expression in the placenta, small intestine, liver and kidney of the offspring". [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309926.

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Orientador: José Antonio Rocha Gontijo
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T06:22:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Possignolo_LuizFernando_M.pdf: 4767580 bytes, checksum: b843458e4c7049fc29741e4aca9f918d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Resumo: Devido ao maior consumo de alimentos ricos em gordura e um estilo de vida mais sedentário, houve um aumento na incidência de desordens metabólicas relacionadas ao metabolismo lipídico como a resistência à insulina, dislipidemias, e sua associação com doenças cardiovasculares. A alimentação materna desequilibrada, durante a gestação e lactação, pode predispor a prole à doenças durante a vida adulta. Alguns transportadores como o Scavenger Receptor class B type I (SR-BI) e ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) são descritos como responsáveis pela captação de colesterol e transporte deste a partir de lipoproteínas, principalmente no transporte reverso de colesterol, sendo denominados receptores antiaterogênicos podendo modificar seu padrão de expressão frente a uma dieta hiperlipídica. Ratas Wistar receberam dieta hiperlipídica (DHL) ou dieta padrão (CTL) desde o desmame, até a lactação. Após o desmame a prole de machos recebeu a dieta padrão até a 16ª semana de vida. Nas mães quanto e na prole foram analisados os seguintes parâmetros: ingestão alimentar, ganho ponderal, perfil lipídico e glicídico. Na prole foi estudada a expressão e localização de ABCA1 e SR-BI na placenta, no rim, fígado, e intestino delgado em animais com 17 dias pré-natal (E17), 12 dias pós-natal (PN12d) com 8 e 16 semanas pós-natal (PN8s e PN16s). As mães DHL apresentaram: 1) maior ingestão calórica com menor ganho ponderal; 2) aumento glicêmico associado à menor produção de insulina nos três períodos estudados e, 3) aumento nos níveis séricos de triglicérides em M8s. A prole de mães DHL apresentaram menor massa corporal desde E17 até PN8s, sem que tenha havido diferenças ponderais e na ingestão de ração. PN8s e PN16S apresentaram menor captação tissular de glicose associada à hiperinsulinemia, e aumento nos níveis séricos de triglicérides com PN16S. Não houve alterações nos níveis de colesterol e HDLcolesterol. Não foi observada alteração na expressão de SR-BI e ABCA1 no intestino delgado, placenta enquanto no fígado houve uma queda tempo-dependente para ambos transportadores. No rim da prole DHL aos PN12d e PN16s observou-se maior expressão de ABCA1. Este estudo mostrou que o consumo materno crônico de uma dieta hiperlipídica causa alterações metabólicas nas mães e predispõe a prole, a modificações no metabolismo lipídico e glicídico, além de elevação da expressão de ABCA1 no rim
Abstract: Due to the abundance and accessibility to foods high in fat and a more sedentary lifestyle, there is an increased incidence of metabolic disorders related to lipid metabolism such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and a high correlation with cardiovascular disease. The unbalanced maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation predisposes the offspring to diseases during adult life. Some carriers such as scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) are described as responsible for raising cholesterol and transporting it to and from lipoproteins, due the participation in the reverse cholesterol transport, these receptors are called antiatherogenic and are subject to change its pattern of expression when exposed to a high fat diet. Female Wistar rats were fed a diet (HFD) or a standard chow (CTL) from weaning, during pregnancy and lactation. After weaning the male offspring was exposed to a standard chow until the 16th week of life. Both the dams and the offsprings food intake were monitored, weight gain, lipid profile and glucose level. It was analyzed in the offspring the expression and localization of ABCA1 and SR-BI in the placenta, kidney, liver, and small intestine in animals at 17º prenatal day (E17), 12 days post-natal (PN12d), 8 and 16 postnatal weeks (PN8s PN16s respectively). DHL dams had a higher intake of calories in the diet, but the weight was smaller, they had higher blood glucose due to decreased production of insulin in the pre-pregnancy (m8s), during pregnancy (M17g) and lactation (M15l) and a higher triglyceride level in m8s. The offspring of dam fed a high fat diet had lower weight since E17 until PN8s, with no differences in weight gain and food intake. PN8s and PN16s had lower glucose uptake and hyperinsulinemia, and high triglycerides with PN16s, no changes were observed in cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol levels. There were no changes in the expression of SR-BI and ABCA1 in the small intestine, placenta and liver, however there was a decrease over the age for both receptors, and kidney of the offspring and DHL PN12d PN16s showed higher expression of ABCA1. The present study showed that chronic consumption of high fat diet causes metabolic changes in dams and predisposes offspring to changes in lipid and glucose metabolism of the offspring, increasing the expression of ABCA1 in the kidney
Mestrado
Biologia Estrutural, Celular, Molecular e do Desenvolvimento
Mestre em Fisiopatologia Médica

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Abi, Fadel Eva. "Une rencontre "philosophique" avec l'art ? Les ateliers Philosoph'art : observations, interprétations, interrogations en France et au Liban". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20063.

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L’objet de cette thèse consiste à analyser une expérience pédagogique en maternelle sur deux ans dans le cadre d’une association lyonnaise « Philosoph’art ». Dans cette recherche, nous interrogeons le statut d’innovation de cette expérience et nous étudions, plus précisément, la posture des animateurs pendant les ateliers à visée philosophique et pendant les ateliers artistiques et nous examinons ce qui fait l’originalité d’une telle expérience mise en perspective avec des travaux déjà existants sur la philosophie avec les enfants et les pratiques artistiques. De plus, nous exposerons la mise en place de ce projet et les conditions qui ont assuré la transférabilité d’une telle expérience au Liban
The subject of this thesis consists in an analysis of an experiment that took place over the course of two years, at the kindergarten level, in association with « Philosoph’art », an organization from Lyon. In this research, we interrogate the status of innovation of this experience and we focus on the posture of the quizmaster during workshops with philosophical content as well as artistic projects. We closely examine what sets apart such experiences from those already in use in philosophy with children and artistic practices. Furthermore, we will explain the set up of this project and the conditions in which it has been made transferable for use in Lebanon

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Piton, Nicolas. "Optimisation de la prise en charge diagnostique, pronostique et théranostique des carcinomes broncho-pulmonaires humains : des techniques d’imagerie in vivo à la biologie moléculaire. Ligation -dependent RT-PCR : a new specific and low-cost technique to detect ALK, ROS and RET rearrangements in lung adenocarcinoma A new assay for detection of theranostic gene translocations and MET exon 14 skipping in thoracic oncology. One-year perspective routine LD-RT-PCR in 413 newly diagnosed lung tumors STK11 mutations are associated with lower PDL1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma BRAF V600E mutation is not always present as expected ! A case report of lung and thyroid carcinomas A novel method for in vivo imaging of solitary lung nodules using navigational bronchoscopy and confocal laser microendoscopy". Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR119.

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Le carcinome pulmonaire est une affection grave et fréquente dont la prise en charge a été bouleversée ces dernières années, tant sur le plan diagnostique que pronostique ou « théranostique » avec l’avènement des « thérapies ciblées ». Ces dernières permettent une nette amélioration de la survie et du confort des patients éligibles, mais ne sont pas sans compliquer le travail médical, depuis le diagnostic de la maladie jusqu’au suivi régulier du patient, sans oublier le choix des traitements ou les problèmes techniques posés par la multiplication arborescente des altérations moléculaires à rechercher à partir d’un tissu tumoral souvent peu abondant dans ce contexte particulier de l’oncologie thoracique. Ce travail de thèse collige 5 travaux de recherche selon deux angles d’approche : les marqueurs moléculaires pronostiques et « théranostiques » du cancer pulmonaire, et les procédures de diagnostic in vivo de cette pathologie. Le premier axe comporte 4 articles. Les deux premiers concernent l’évaluation d’une nouvelle technique moléculaire, la LD-RT-PCR, dans la détection des translocation géniques du cancer pulmonaire : la première étude est une étude de faisabilité, la deuxième est un travail de validation. Le troisième article explore l’association entre la présence d’une mutation STK11 dans les carcinomes pulmonaires et l’expression de PDL1. Enfin, le quatrième article est une étude de cas illustrant l’importance de l’approche morphologique du cancer pulmonaire. Le second axe est représenté par un travail comparant une technique d’imagerie in vivo par voie endoscopique utilisant la micro-endoscopie confocale par laser avec l’approche microscopique conventionnelle
Lung cancer is a serious and frequent condition for which the management strategies have been dramatically modified in recent years, from a diagnostic, prognostic and “theranostic” perspective, most notably with the introduction of “targeted therapies”. The latter have demonstrated dramatic improvement in both quality of life and survival rates of eligible patients, yet consequently highlight new complications in diagnosis, treatment options or technical considerations which can be attributed to the growing number of molecular alterations to be detected from limited tissue samples frequently encountered in thoracic oncology. This work combines 5 different research papers from 2 different angles: prognostic and “theranostic” molecular markers of lung cancer, as well as in vivo diagnostic procedures of lung cancer. The first angle encompasses 4 articles. The first two evaluate a new molecular technique, LD-RT-PCR, to detect gene translocation in lung cancer. The third article explores the association between STK11 mutations in lung cancer and the expression of PDL1. Finally, the fourth article is a case report illustrating the importance of a morphological approach to lung cancer. The second angle compares in vivo imaging techniques by endoscopy using confocal laser microendoscopy alongside a conventional microscopic approach

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Maho, Maud. "Evaluation des effets des traitements par Rituximab versus corticothérapie seule sur la réponse auto-réactive des patients atteints de pemphigus. First-line Rituximab combined with short-term Prednisone versus Prednisone alone for the treatment of Pemphigus (RITUX 3) : a prospective, multicentre, parallel-group, open-label randomised trial Risk factors for short-term relapse in patients with pemphigus treated by Rituximab as first-line therapy Rituximab and corticosteroid effect on Desmoglein specific B cells and T follicular helper cells in patients with Pemphigus Modifications or the transcriptomic profile of autoreactive B cells from pemphigus patients after treatment with Rituximab or standard corticosteroid regimen Long-term increase of Kcnn4 potassium channel surface expression on B cells in pemphigus patients after Rituximab treatment Rituximab is an effective treatment in patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris and demonstrates a steroid-sparing effect Modifications of the BAFF/BAFF-Receptor axis in patients with pemphigus treated with rituximab versus standard corticosteroids regimen. CD11C+ B cells are mainly memory cells prone to differentiate into antibody-secreting cells". Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR132.

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Le pemphigus est une maladie auto-immune spécifique de la peau et des muqueuses provoqué par des auto-anticorps (Ac) spécifiques des desmogléines (Dsg) 1 ou 3. Ces Ac pathogéniques inhibent l'adhésion cellulaire des kératinocytes. Le pemphigus se déclenche par la conjonction d’événements rares impliquant l’émergence puis la coopération de lymphocytes B (LB) et de lymphocytes LT auto-réactifs dans un contexte génétique et environnemental particulier. Jusqu’à présent, la première ligne de traitement du pemphigus était constituée de fortes doses de corticoïdes, qui sont de puissants immunosupresseurs systèmiques. Le Rituximab (RTX), un Ac monoclonal chimérique anti-CD20, constitue une thérapeutique innovante aboutissant à l’élimination des LB. L’étude clinique RITUX 3 a été conçue pour évaluer l’efficacité et l’innocuité du traitement utilisant le RTX associé à une courte corticothérapie dans le traitement de première intention du pemphigus par rapport au traitement de référence par la corticothérapie standard (CS). Dans un premier temps, notre analyse clinico-biologique des patients après 24 mois a démontré que l’utilisation du RTX associé à de la prednisone à court terme en traitement de première intention chez les patients atteints de pemphigus foliacé et vulgaire modéré à sévère est à la fois plus efficace et mieux toléré que le traitement de référence par la prednisone seule (89% de patients versus 34%). Cette efficacité a été confortée à plus long terme après la reconstitution du répertoire lymphocytaire B avec un risque de rechute de 2% à 36 mois. La présence d’une forme sévère de pemphigus au diagnostic (PDAI ≥ 45) et d’un taux d’Ac anti-Dsg à 3 mois supérieur aux valeurs seuils (anti-Dsg1 ≥ 20 ou anti-Dsg3 ≥ 120) sont associés à un risque de rechute précoce de 50%. Ces deux facteurs prédictifs permettent d'identifier un sous-groupe de patients présentant un risque élevé de rechute nécessitant une perfusion d'entretien de RTX au 6ème mois. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons étudié l’impact des traitements par RTX et par CS chez les patients atteints de pemphigus afin de mieux appréhender la réponse auto-immune. La caractérisation phénotypique des LB auto-réactifs et l’analyse de la fréquence des LB capables de sécréter des immunoglobulines (Ig)G anti-Dsg par une approche ELISPOT a permis d’établir que l’efficacité du traitement par RTX dans le pemphigus semble liée à l’élimination des LB mémoires CD27+IgG+ spécifiques des Dsg. Des LB auto-réactifs Dsg restent détectables après RTX suite à la reconstitution lymphocytaire B, mais ces LB ont un phénotype naïf et non commuté (IgM) et ne secrètent plus d’IgG. En revanche, la persistance des LB auto-réactifs capables de sécréter des IgG anti-Dsg après traitement par CS est certainement à l’origine des rechutes fréquentes. L’analyse de l’expression génique ciblée à l’échelle unicellulaire a démontré qu’initialement, les LB spécifiques des Dsg ont un profil pro-inflammatoire avec l’expression de trois gènes codant pour les interleukines (IL)-1β, IL-12p35 et IL-23p19 et pour le gène de l’IRF5 (Interferon regulatory factor 5) par rapport aux LB non auto-réactifs. Le RTX et la CS ont des effets différents sur l'expression de ces gènes mais les deux réduisent l’expression génique d’IL-1β qui semble jouer un rôle important dans la physiopathologie du pemphigus. Parallèlement, l’analyse transcriptomique puis protéique des LB isolés des patients en rémission complète ou incomplète 6 ans après l’étude RITUX 1 a mis en évidence une augmentation d'expression de KCNN4 (Potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily N member 4) à la surface des LB chez les patients atteints de pemphigus en rémission complète pouvant influencer la maturation des LB
Pemphigus is an autoimmune disease of the skin and mucous membranes caused by autoantibodies (Ab) specific to desmoglein (Dsg) 1 or 3. These pathogenic Ab inhibit cell adhesion of keratinocytes. The development of pemphigus is associated with the conjunction of many uncommon events involving the emergence and then the cooperation of auto-reactive B cells and T cells link to genetic and environmental factors. Until now, the first line of treatment consisted of high doses of corticosteroids. Rituximab (RTX), an anti-CD20 chimeric monoclonal antibody, is an innovative therapy that results in B cells depletion. The RITUX 3 clinical trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of RTX combined with a short-course glucocorticoid therapy as a first-line treatment of pemphigus versus the standard treatment with standard corticosteroids (CS). As a first step, our clinico-biological analysis of patients after 24 months has shown that the use of RTX combined with short-term prednisone as a first-line treatment in patients with moderate to severe pemphigus is both more effective and better tolerated than the reference treatment with prednisone alone. Respectively, 89% of patients versus 34% in each group and both pemphigus foliaceus and pemphigus vulgaris patients responded. This efficacy was confirmed in the longer term after reconstitution of the B lymphocyte repertoire with a risk of relapse of only 2% at 36 months. The presence of a severe form of pemphigus at diagnosis (PDAI ≥ 45) and an anti-Dsg Ab level at 3 months above threshold values (anti-DSG1 ≥ 20 or anti-DSG3 ≥ 120) are associated with 50% risk of early relapse. These two predictive factors make it possible to identify a subgroup of patients at high risk of relapse requiring a maintenance infusion of RTX at the 6th month. In a second step, we studied the impact of RTX and CS treatments in patients with pemphigus in order to better understand the autoimmune response. The phenotypic characterization of auto-reactive B cells and the analysis of the frequency of B cells able of secreting anti-Dsg immunoglobulin (Ig) G by an ELISPOT approach demonstrated that the efficacy of RTX treatment in pemphigus seems related to the elimination of IgG-switched Dsg memory B-cells. Dsg specific B cells remain detectable after RTX when B cells return, but these B cells have a naïve and non-switched (IgM) phenotype and no longer secrete IgG. On the other hand, the persistence of self-reactive Dsg B cells capable of secreting IgG anti-Dsg after treatment with CS is certainly at the origin of the frequency of relapses. The unicellular targeted gene expression analysis demonstrated that initially, Dsg-specific B cells have a pro-inflammatory profile with the overexpression of three genes encoding Interleukin (IL) -1β, IL-12p35 and IL-23p19 and for the IRF5 gene (Interferon regulatory factor 5) compared to non-self-reactive B cells. RTX and CS have different effects on the expression of these genes, but both reduce the gene expression of IL-1β, which seems to play an important role in the pathophysiology of pemphigus

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Ciappuccini, Renaud. "Apport de l'imagerie fonctionnelle par TEMP/TDM et TEP/TDM dans la prise en charge des cancers différenciés de la thyroïde Incremental Value of a Dedicated Head and Neck Acquisition during 18F-FDG PET/CT in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Full text links full-text provider logo Actions Favorites Share Page navigation Title & authors Abstract Conflict of interest statement Figures Similar articles Cited by References Related information LinkOut - more resources EJNMMI Res . 2018 Dec 3;8(1):104. doi: 10.1186/s13550-018-0461-x. Optimization of a dedicated protocol using a small-voxel PSF reconstruction for head-and-neck 18 FDG PET/CT imaging in differentiated thyroid cancer 78 Lymph node involvement in head-and-neck and thyroid cancers with digital PET/CT: the impact of ultra-high definition voxels and point-spread function Tumor burden of persistent disease in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: correlation with postoperative risk-stratification and impact on outcome 133 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT is a highly sensitive but poorly specific tool for identifying malignancy in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology: The Chocolate study PSMA expression in neovasculature of persistent/recurrent differentiated thyroid cancerin the neck: relationship with radioiodine uptake, 18Fluorodeoxyglucose avidity and outcome". Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC424.

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L’imagerie scintigraphique des cancers thyroïdiens différenciés (CTD) présente la particularité d’utiliser deux radiopharmaceutiques, l’iode 131 (131I) et le 18-Fluorodésoxyglucose (18FDG). La fixation de ces traceurs dépend habituellement du degré de différenciation et de l’agressivité de la tumeur. L’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier l’apport de différents aspects techniques et d’instrumentation, à savoir l’imagerie hybride par TEMP/TDM et TEP/TDM, la point-spread function (PSF), la taille des voxels et la technologie TEP digitale, et d’explorer si d’autres traceurs TEP pouvaient présenter un intérêt. Le but de la première partie était d’étudier les performances de la TEP/TDM au 18FDG à l’étage cervical pour la détection de la maladie ganglionnaire. Une acquisition TEP/TDM dédiée a amélioré la détection de la maladie tumorale par rapport à l’acquisition classique. L’utilisation de la PSF a permis de détecter des tailles de lésions plus petites et la durée optimale de cette acquisition a été évaluée. Des reconstructions avec des tailles de voxels ultra-fines ont été réalisées sur TEP digitale pour étudier l’impact de la PSF et des voxels ultra-fins sur les données quantitatives. La seconde partie a porté sur l’imagerie 131I-TEMP/TDM et 18FDG-TEP/TDM, afin de quantifier le volume de la maladie persistante. Il a ainsi été montré que la masse tumorale était corrélée au risque post-opératoire et avait un impact sur la réponse au traitement. L’objectif de la troisième partie était d’étudier un autre traceur TEP, la 18-Fluorocholine (FCH), ainsi qu’un marqueur de la néovascularisation, l’antigène membranaire spécifique de la prostate (PSMA). Nos données suggèrent qu’un examen TEP à la FCH négatif au sein d’un nodule thyroïdien à cytologie indéterminée permettrait d’éliminer la malignité, et pourrait éviter des chirurgies inutiles. Par ailleurs, le marquage au PSMA évalué par immunohistochimie dans les néo-vaisseaux est associé à des facteurs de mauvais pronostic. D’autres études sont nécessaires pour confirmer l’intérêt éventuel des examens TEP à la FCH et au 68Ga-PSMA en oncologie thyroïdienne
Radioiodine (131I) and 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) are two radiopharmaceuticals used for scintigraphic imaging in differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC). Tumour uptake of each tracer depends on tumour differentiation and aggressiveness. Our goal was to further assess various technical aspects in DTC imaging workup, such as SPECT/CT and PET/CT, point-spread function (PSF), voxel size, digital PET, and to explore further other PET tracers. The aim of the first part was to assess the performance of 18FDG PET/CT for the detection of neck lymph node involvement. A dedicated PET/CT acquisition improved tumour detection compared to the whole-body acquisition. PSF reconstruction allowed detection of smaller cancer deposits and the optimal acquisition duration time was assessed. Using digital PET acquisitions, ultra-thin voxels reconstructions were performed. The impact of ultra-thin voxels and PSF on quantitative values was evaluated. The second part focused on 131I-SPECT/CT and 18FDG-PET/CT imaging, in an attempt to assess tumour burden of persistent disease. Tumor burden was correlated with the postoperative risk and affected the response to therapy. In the third part, another PET tracer, i.e. 18-Fluorocholine (FCH), and a marker of neovasculature, i.e. prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), were studied. FCH PET/CT offered high negative predictive value to reliably exclude cancer in PET-negative nodules with indeterminate cytology and might prevent unnecessary surgeries. Also, PSMA expression assessed with immunohistochemistry was associated with poor prognosis factors. Further studies are needed to confirm new insights of FCH PET and 68Ga-PSMA PET in DTC

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Liu, Shu-Fu y 劉書甫. "Contemporary Expression of Food Prose in Taiwan". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19746193411706282222.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
台灣文學研究所
100
Since the term “Food writing” was established in Taiwan from 1990s, the creative capacity of food writing has continued developing. Both the number of works and literary performance in writing food have possessed abundant and various achievements. This study takes “food prose” as object and proposes two points in Chapter 2 after observing and thinking about prose of Taiwan food writing: First, I finds that “professionalizing” writing of food demonstrates an identifiable writing style, in which writers take any kinds of food and related behaviors as writing objects and go deep into them. Meanwhile, they concentrate on professional knowledge and aesthetic aspect, conducting literary writing of food consciously and engaging in personal food language style. Therefore, I will dissert the elements and characteristics that make food writing as “essay-writing” and discuss the aesthetic criteria of literature value and interests. Second, applying my thoughts on development of food writing to my observation on social trends nowadays, I points out that local-writing of food literature could serve as one kind of “literary practice”—by reproducing the “locality”, the possibility of knowing, preserving and promoting “locality” could be found. I observe food writing that concerns indigenous Taiwan food base on my interests and concerns in Taiwan food culture, food life, and relevant written works. The creative figurations of these food prose are various, possessing different writing aspects. There could be different writing figurations for the same themes, and the works of same figurations can still lead to different characteristics, sense of beauty, interests due to differences of contents, strategies and styles, bringing about different feelings and thoughts for the readers. I would like to explore the writing achievements of every kind of relationship between “literature connotation” and “writing figuration”; therefore, in Chapter 3, writing figurations for food prose are inducted and categories are constructed based on their abstract connotation. In Chapter 4, the literature connotation of several representative Taiwanese food writers and texts of their works are discussed under the established structure of categories. The representation of contemporary food prose in Taiwan will be organized and clarified.

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SHIH, HSIANG-LAN y 施香蘭. "“Prose in Soft Expression”- A Study of Hsiang-Lan Shih’s Artwork". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77165772864489556108.

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碩士
國立臺灣藝術大學
美術創作碩士班在職專班
101
Soft articulation represents two series of my artwork; they are: “Invitation” as a series of installation and “Movement” as a series of painting. Externally the term Soft refers the overall character of my artwork’s form and content, and internally it indicates the status embedded in the civilized and masculine society. Articulate as a verb means to express, reveal, and voice from the inner part of myself, expanding to a deeper meaning of movement. Movement is seen as the behavioral state developed throughout the process of creation, or it also can be referred to the expressive articulation evolved through the kinesthetic sensitivity in relation to my artistic creation. This thesis focuses on my creation of “Invitation” and “Movement,” using the soft element as a form of art to inquire its characteristics, conditions, and nature. I examine how the soft element can be used to articulate the privacy related to content revealing, and how the inner artistic space connects to the outer space construction. As the industrialized society shifting from machinery industry to information industry, the machine-oriented way of thinking has replaced human rationality. As a result, the perception of body loses its balance. I look into body perception to investigate the probability of technology as a medium and then intend to reconstruct a cross-disciplinary system. I ask, while the body becomes the focus, how can we articulate the text through an extension of body representation? The soft articulation provides an overview to express the soft characteristics and integrate the demonstration of private spaces through a cross-disciplinary installation. This cross-disciplinary articulation highlights not only visual and auditory, but also kinesthetic and olfactory sensory engagement in a holistic way.

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Warren, Liling. "Probe design and data analysis for gene expression microarrays". 2002. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-01062003-203515/unrestricted/etd.pdf.

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Gulyani, Akash. "Molecular Expression Through Fluorescence: Studies In Probe Design And Aggregation". Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/334.

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The present thesis entitled, "Molecular expression through fluorescence: Studies in probe design and aggregation" describes very simple bi-functional donor-acceptor poly-aromatic fluorophores that have been shown to possess distinctive properties depending on the context in which they are studied. In a sense, this work is an effort in exemplifying the inherent diversity and power of "molecular expression", with the central theme here being the phenomenon of fluorescence. The work has been divided into four chapters, each having a self-contained introduction. Chapter 1: First instance of metal ion (Zn2+) sensing exclusively at amphiphilic interfaces. (1 -pyrenyl)rnethyl-bis- [(2-pyridyl)methyl]amine (Pybpa), a simple, bi-functional fluorophore was synthesized. Pybpa has the modular design of a photoinduced electron transfer (PET) based analyte sensor. In Pybpa, a photoinduced electron transfer (PET) operates from the pyrenyl nitrogen (PyCH2-iV) to the excited pyrenyl (Py*) chromophore leading to fluorescence quenching. Zn2+ ion binding to the bis-picolyl (bpa) unit of Pybpa stops the PET process and leads to fluorescence enhancement. Thus Pybpa was able to sense Zn2+" in organic solvents. In water, however, Pybpa showed pronounced aggregation and the probe did not sense any metal ion. Surfactant micelles provide hydrophobic regions in water and the dynamic rnicellar assemblies could disrupt Pybpa aggregates. Pybpa monomers solubilized in micelles were responsive to Zn2+ in the low micro molar concentration range. The metal ion sensing on micelles was reflective of the charge of the interface. The sensing is negligible on cationic surface (CTAB), moderate on negatively charged surface (SDS micelles) and is the most efficient on neutral interface provided by TWEEN-20 micelles. With the Pybpa 'sensor*, no sensing is possible in water and hence the sensing is exclusive to the interface. Pybpa doped in membranous aggregates like phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipid bilayers, exists in monomeric form, and was able to sense Zn . The sensing on phosphatidylcholine (PC) bilayer vesicles was found to depend on the fluidity of the membrane. Zn2^ sensing with interfacially bound probe "was extended to a globular protein bovine serum albumin (BSA). BSA, a carrier protein, can bind hydrophobic molecules as well as metal ions like Zn2f. BSA was shown to disrupt Pybpa aggregation and bind Pybpa in a facile manner. BSA bound Pybpa was able to sense externally added Zn2+. Biological sensing of trace amounts of Zn2+ has been considered important since Zn2+ is crucial for eukaryotic systems. This is the first example of such 'exclusive' interfacial sensing of a metal ion. Chapter 2: Towards understanding and modulating self-assembly of pyrenyl bis-picolyl a mine: Organic nanoparticles that show tunable emission. Pybpa was found to aggregate in water in the size range of 80-250 nm. Evidence of aggregation was seen at concentrations as low as 1 |iM. The nanoscopic particles formed were characterized through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Pybpa in water showed dual emission bands, with one band resernhling the emission from 'monomeric' Pybpa (as seen in solutions in organic solvents) and a broad red-shifted emission band (A,max ~ 480 ran) designated as "aggregate/nanoparticle" emission. Distinct excitation spectra for the two emission bands indicate that the bands (the '390 nm' band and the '480 nm' band) originate through distinct excitation/emission channels. The time resolved emission decay for the 'monomer' emission (397 nm) showed a substantial contribution from a long-lived pyrene-like excited state (x = 103.9 ns, 40% relative amplitude). On the other hand, the decay at 475 nm (for the nanoparticle/aggregate emission band) was considerably faster, with no evidence of any pyrene-like long-lived state. The short lifetimes indicated an exciplex nature of the red-shifted emission band, X-,nax~480 nm. The effect of temperature and urea on these aggregates was examined. The nanoparticles formed even in a concentrated urea solution (7.8 M). The aggregates formed in urea were found to be more emissive, indicating a 'looser' aggregate with reduced fluorescence quenching. Similar results were obtained on heating the aggregate. Increasing the concentration of Pybpa in water causes a change in the nature of the colloids formed as exemplified by increase in aggregate size and a decrease in the polydispersity index. Also seen was a substantial red shift in the 'aggregate emission'. At higher concentrations, the presence of three independent excitation/emission channels was observed. It is likely that a new type of aggregated Pybpa species formed at higher concentration, which emits at longer wavelength (A,rnax~540 nm), In such a scenario, it is possible to tune the emission wavelength by the choice of appropriate wavelength of excitation. Further, there is an opportunity to tailor the emission properties by controlling the aggregation behavior. The modulation of emission is one of the primary goals of research on fluorescent organic nanoparticles. Chapter 3: Photophysical properties of aryl-terpyridines in solution, solid and aggregated state: Unique CT emission from nanoparticles in water. Two aryl terpyridines, 4T-(l-pyrenyl)-2,2l:6'52fl-terpyridine (Pytpy) and 4'-(9-anthryl)-2,2':6',2n-terpyridine (Antpy), where the fluorophoric pyrene or anthracene unit is directly coupled to the terpyridine unit, were synthesized. The aryl terpyridines conjugates can be viewed as donor-acceptor molecules that are conformationally labile, with the possibility of rotation around three single bonds. It was of interest to see as to how conformational effects express themselves in different environments, especially in relation to the possibility of charge separation. Crystal structure data and Serni-empirical AMI calculations revealed a twisted molecular conformation for each of the molecules. Absorption and emission (steady state as well as tirne-resolved) behavior of Pytpy and Antpy in various organic solvents have been presented. The molecules showed only limited conjugation between the two units in the absorption behavior with the degree of conjugation being greater for Pytpy. In the emission behavior, only a single emission band (with a single lifetime) was observed in all organic solvent. Steady state and time resolved fluorescence data suggest the existence of a mixed or coupled, largely 7t—7i* state, with only marginal charge separation. The various photophysical parameters have been determined for the two systems. It appears that in the excited state, the inesomeric interactions show an increase for each of the two aryl-terpyridines, indicating at least a partially planar geometry in the excited state. Some specific solvent effects were observed for the molecules in alcoholic solvents and there was evidence of excited state H-bonding occurs for the aryl terpyridines in polar protic organic solvents, especially methanol. Pytpy and Antpy self-assembled in water over a large concentration range (1-100 |xM) to form spherical nanoparticles in the size range of 150-200 nm, as characterized by TEM and DLS. The absorption spectra for both conjugates showed red shift of the absorption bands in water (-10 nrn) along with significant tailing of the long-wavelength bands. The change in emission behavior in going from solution to the aggregates in water was very dramatic. Multiple, broadened, highly red-shifted emission bands for both Antpy and Pytpy were observed. Quite significantly, a long lifetime component in the emission decay was shown by the conjugates in water as compared to the lifetimes observed in solution. The data points towards a unique CT emission for Antpy and Pytpy aggregates in water. The excitation spectra for the multiple emission bands seen for Pytpy (or Antpy) were observed to be identical. Thus a single ground state population is responsible for emission over the entire range (approximately 420 nin - 600 nm). The existence of multiple emission bands and the large bathochromic shifts are exclusively due to excited state effects in the aggregated state in water. It appears that excited state H-bonding of the tpy N with water helps facilitate the excited state CT. The solid-state behavior of Pytpy and Antpy lias been examined and the emission from the two crystalline solids is very distinct. Antpy emission showed a X,,nax at -430 nm while Pytpy emission peaked at ~ 560 nm. The difference in the solid-state emission behavior exhibited by Pytpy and Antpy is explained through a consideration of the crystal packing for the two molecules. The degree of n-facial stacking was observed to be much greater for Pytpy. The observation of the distinct packing and emission shown by solid Pytpy and Antpy is highly significant if one considers the identical emission shown by the aqueous nanoparticles of the two molecules and brings to fore the 'nanoparticle effect' in water as compared to a simple concentration effect. It was also demonstrated that it was possible to modulate the aggregation of the terpyridines through additives, like metal ions Chapter 4: Pyrenyl terpyridine as a ratiometric fluorescence probe for sensing order and polarity of membranous aggregates. Pytpy was examined for its utility in probing surfactant aggregates, particularly membranous assemblies. la lipid bilayer vesicles made of phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipids (like dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine, DMPC or egg-yolk PC) Pytpy showed an emission profile with marked similarity to that shown by the probe in water. Specifically, a broad red-shifted emission with A,maxin. the 500 nm region was observed. In addition, a peak in the -420 nm region was also seen. Fluorescence anisotropy was used to confirm the presence of vesicle-bound probe. Excitation spectra confirmed the presence of two distinct probe populations, om responsible for the '420 nm9 emission and another population responsible for the multiple, red-shifted emission bands. The emission behavior was indicative of aggregation of Pytpy on the vesicle surface and CT effects operating in conjunction with H-bonding. Fluorescence lifetime measurements, carried out at different Is suggest the CT nature of the red-shifted emission. The aggregation of the probe on the bilayer interface was confirmed by concentration and temperature dependence of the emission profile. The role of water in stabilizing this CT emission on bilayer surfaces was shown with use of a surface dehydrating agent polyethylene glycol (PEG). All these results helped build a model for the behavior of Pytpy in water. Pytpy aggregates on bilayer surface and shows a red-shifted CT emission with stabilization by interfacial water. Thus, the Pytpy 'aggregate' has a shallow, water accessible location in the bilayer. In addition to this, there is another Pytpy population responsible for the emission in the 420 nm region, and this second population might have a comparatively deeper location. The wavelength of the CT emission was sensitive to the polarity of the interface as evidenced "by the results obtained with bilayers made of a number of PC lipids. In general, the X™ax of the CTband showed a red shift with increasing polarity. The increase in polarity also caused an increase in the average lifetime of the probe. Pytpy could distinguish between vesicles made of lipids of different head groups. Aggregates made of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) head group are in general less hydrated than PC lipid assemblies and Pytpy emission reflected this when examined in vesicles made of related lipids (dioleoyl lipids, DOPC and DOPE; dirnyristoyl lipids, DMPC and DMPE). Pytpy emission from PE vesicles was quenched and showed a pronounced blue shift in the emission Xmax vis-a-vis PC bilayers. Thus, dehydration of the interface consistently led to the destabilization of the CT state. Further, Pytpy emission was also responsive to hydration in more complex mixed PC-PE assemblies. Pytpy emission "behavior was also used to probe fluidity in complex "mixed" lipid assemblies- The effect of cholesterol on DMPC bilayers in terms of its known ability to dehydrate the bilayer was reported through a blue-shift Xmax of CT emission band. Further, cholesterol also causes drastic change in the bilayer at concentrations greater than ~ 30 mol%. This change in the bilayer was sensed through a sudden reduction in fluorescence intensity. Also from a careful analysis of Pytpy in various PC and PE vesicles, it emerged that the more fluid aggregates showed larger quantum yields. Thus, Pytpy could simultaneously report on both the polarity and fluidity of lipidic aggregates. Pytpy could also provide information about the order of an assembly. While the probe aggregated in bilayers and other membranous assemblies and showed water assisted CT emission, in more dynamic assemblies like micelles, Pytpy aggregates were not sustained, Pytpy in micelles showed emission spectra very similar to that seen in solutions in aprotic organic solvents. Thus, Pytpy proved to be a very useful ratiometric sensor for vesicle-to-rnicelle transition. Also, it has been possible to study some surfactant-lipid mixed assemblies that show phase separation. Pytpy reported the formation of a 'rigid', bilayer-like phases in mixed assemblies that are called bicelles.

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43

Zhang, Qi-Ping y 張棋平. "Studies on the Expression of Apolipoprotein E in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats". Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57936500764939067519.

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44

金志宇. "Cloning, Expression and Gene Probe Speificity of the Managanese Superoxide Dismutase Gene from Vibrio Mimicus". Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56366724762477773887.

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碩士
國立海洋大學
水產生物技術研究所
86
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are metalloenzymes that detoxify superoxide radicals present in various living cells. A gene encoding manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) was cloned successfully from Vibrio mimicus by both traditional and random primer gene walking PCR which using the combination of degenerate and gene specific primers. The full-length Mn-SOD gene was composed of 606 base pair and encoded a 202 amino acid open reading frame.The amino acid sequence exhibits a 56.9% indentity to the Mn-SOD from Bacillus caldotenax and shows an overall homology to sequences of other known Mn-SODs. The V. mimicus Mn-SOD gene was introduced into the pET20b(+) expression vector and then transformed into the E. coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS expression host for the heterologous gens expression. The specificity of V. mimicus Mn-SOD gene probe was analyzed by PCR among several Vibrio spp. tested in order to provide the preliminary information for the purpose of Vibrio strain identification.

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45

Ji, Yuan [Verfasser]. "Expression of granulocyte colony stimulating factor receptor in rat : probe development, detection of anatomic localization and regulation of receptor expression / vorgelegt von Yuan Ji". 2004. http://d-nb.info/972227784/34.

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46

Malik, Neelam. "Gene expression analysis of squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus using a novel real time PCR probe system". Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/706.

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Squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus (OSCC) is a common malignancy that occurs with high frequency in certain parts of the world, including South Africa. The aetiology of OSCC has remained unclear although many studies suggest that it is caused by a combination of variable risk factors. Recent reports implicate a variety of genetic factors in the carcinogenesis of OSCC but their involvement is yet to be defined.
Thesis (M.Med)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2010.

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47

"Effects of Danshen and its active components on rat CYP2E1 expression and metabolism of model CYP2E1 probe substrate". 2009. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5896925.

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Cheung, Ching Mei.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-162).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
ABSTRACT --- p.I
論文摘要 --- p.IV
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.VI
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.VII
ABBREVIATIONS --- p.X
Chapter Chapter 1 --- p.1
GENERAL INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- DANSHEN --- p.1
Chapter 1.1.1 --- LIPID-SOLUBLE COMPOUNDS EXTRACTED FROM DANSHEN --- p.2
Chapter 1.1.1.1 --- TANSHINONE I --- p.2
Chapter 1.1.1.2 --- TANSHINONE IIA --- p.3
Chapter 1.1.1.3 --- CRYPTOTANSHINONE --- p.3
Chapter 1.1.1.4 --- DIHYDROTANSHINONE --- p.4
Chapter 1.1.2 --- WATER-SOLUBLE COMPOUNDS EXTRACTED FROM DANSHEN --- p.4
Chapter 1.1.2.1 --- DANSHENSU --- p.4
Chapter 1.1.2.2 --- SALVIANOLIC ACID B --- p.5
Chapter 1.2 --- DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS --- p.5
Chapter 1.2.1 --- PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH HERBAL ADMINISTRATION --- p.5
Chapter 1.2.2 --- HERB-DRUG INTERACTIONS --- p.7
Chapter 1.2.2.1 --- ST. JOHŃةS WORT-DRUG INTERACTIONS --- p.8
Chapter 1.2.2.2 --- WARFARIN-HERB INTERACTIONS --- p.9
Chapter 1.2.2.3 --- DANSHEN-WARFARIN INTERACTIONS --- p.10
Chapter 1.2.2.4 --- DANSHEN-DRUG INTERACTIONS --- p.11
Chapter 1.3 --- CYTOCHROME P450 ENZYMES (CYP) --- p.12
Chapter 1.3.1 --- CYTOCHROME P4502E1 --- p.13
Chapter 1.4 --- AIMS OF STUDY --- p.17
Chapter Chapter 2 --- p.21
EFFECTS OF DANSHEN AND SOME IF ITS ACTIVE COMPONENTS ON CHLORZOXAZONE METABOLISM IN RAT AND HUMAN LIVER MICROSOMES IN VITRO --- p.21
Chapter 2.1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.21
Chapter 2.2 --- MATERIALS AND METHODS --- p.23
Chapter 2.2.1 --- CHEMICALS AND REAGENTS --- p.23
Chapter 2.2.2 --- PREPARATION OF AQUEOUS FRACTION OF DANSHEN --- p.23
Chapter 2.2.3 --- PREPARATION OF ETHANOLIC FRACTION OF DANSHEN --- p.23
Chapter 2.2.4 --- ANIMALS --- p.24
Chapter 2.2.5 --- PREPARATION OF RAT LIVER MICROSOMES --- p.25
Chapter 2.2.6 --- POOLED HUMAN LIVER MICROSOMES --- p.25
Chapter 2.2.7 --- PROTEIN ASSAY --- p.25
Chapter 2.2.8 --- MICROSOMAL INCUBATION --- p.26
Chapter 2.2.8.1 --- RAT LIVER MICROSOMES --- p.26
Chapter 2.2.8.2 --- HUMAN LIVER MICROSOMES --- p.26
Chapter 2.2.9 --- INHIBITION KINETICS STUDIES --- p.27
Chapter 2.2.9.1 --- RAT LIVER MICROSOMES --- p.27
Chapter 2.2.9.2 --- HUMAN LIVER MICROSOMES --- p.27
Chapter 2.2.10 --- HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPLC) ANALYSIS --- p.28
Chapter 2.2.11 --- DATA ANALYSIS --- p.28
Chapter 2.3 --- RESULTS --- p.31
Chapter 2.3.1 --- EFFECT OF DANSHEN AND TANSHINONES ON RAT CYP2E1 ACTIVITY IN VITRO
Chapter 2.3.1.1 --- SUMMARY --- p.57
Chapter 2.3.2 --- EFFECT OF DANSHEN AND TANSHINONES ON HUMAN CYP2E1 ACTIVITYIN VITRO --- p.58
Chapter 2.3.2.1 --- SUMMARY --- p.84
Chapter 2.4 --- DISCUSSION --- p.85
Chapter Chapter 3 --- p.93
EFFECTS OF DANSHEN ON CYTOCHROME P450 PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND METABOLISM OF MODEL CYP2E1 PROBE SUBSTRATE IN THE RAT IN VIVO --- p.93
Chapter 3.1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.93
Chapter 3.2 --- MATERIALS AND METHODS --- p.97
Chapter 3.2.1 --- CHEMICALS AND REAGENTS --- p.97
Chapter 3.2.2 --- ANIMALS --- p.97
Chapter 3.2.3 --- EFFECTS OF DANSHEN TREATMENTS ON PHARMACOKINETICS OF CHLORZOXAZONE IN RATS IN VIVO --- p.98
Chapter 3.2.3.1 --- "ACUTE, 3-DAY AND 14-DAY TREATMENTS WITH WHOLE DANSHEN EXTRACT" --- p.98
Chapter 3.2.3.2 --- PLASMA EXTRACTION --- p.99
Chapter 3.2.3.3 --- HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPLC) ANALYSIS --- p.99
Chapter 3.2.4 --- EFFECTS OF 3-DAY AND 14-DAY DANSHEN TREATMENTS ON CYP2E1 PROTEIN EXPRESSION --- p.101
Chapter 3.2.4.1 --- PREPARATION OF RAT LIVER MICROSOMES FOR WESTERN BLOTTING --- p.101
Chapter 3.2.4.2 --- PROTEIN ASSAY --- p.101
Chapter 3.2.4.3 --- WESTERN BLOT --- p.102
Chapter 3.2.5 --- DATA ANALYSIS --- p.103
Chapter 3.3 --- RESULTS --- p.105
Chapter 3.3.1 --- EFFECTS OF WHOLE DANSHEN EXTRACT ON RAT CYP2E1 ACTIVITIES IN VIVO --- p.105
Chapter 3.3.1.1 --- EFFECTS OF ACUTE TREATMENTS OF WHOLE DANSHEN EXTRACT ON PHARMACOKINETICS OF CHLORZOXAZONE --- p.105
Chapter 3.3.1.2 --- EFFECTS OF 3-DAY TREATMENTS OF WHOLE DANSHEN EXTRACT ON PHARMACOKINETICS OF CHLORZOXAZONE --- p.106
Chapter 3.3.1.3 --- EFFECTS OF 14-DAY TREATMENTS OF WHOLE DANSHEN EXTRACT ON PHARMACOKINETICS OF CHLORZOXAZONE --- p.107
Chapter 3.3.2 --- EFFECTS OF WHOLE DANSHEN EXTRACT ON RAT CYP2E1 EXPRESSION .… --- p.137
Chapter 3.3.3 --- SUMMARY --- p.140
Chapter 3.4 --- DISCUSSION --- p.141
CHAPTER 4 --- p.145
GENERAL DISCUSSION --- p.145
REFERENCES --- p.151

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48

Cavnar, Katie Epstein Lloyd Mark. "Development of a DNA probe assay for rare transfer RNAs and its use in measuring the expression of the argX gene in Escherichia coli". 2004. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-08192004-152949.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Florida State University, 2004.
Advisor: Dr. Lloyd Epstein, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Biological Science. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Jan. 12, 2005). Includes bibliographical references.

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49

Dvořáková, Pavla. "Vlastnosti expresních vektorů pro Corynebacterium glutamicum a jejich využití při studiu faktorů sigma RNA polymerasy". Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-355666.

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The aim of the thesis was to characterize chosen expression vectors used in biotechnologically important bacterial species, Corynebacterium glutamicum, and to test their use in studies of promoter activity control by sigma factors of RNA polymerase. Different properties of these vectors (level of expression of the cloned gene, leaky expression without inducer, dependence of expression level on inducer concentration and cell population homogeneity) were found by determination of expression level of the model gfpuv gene by fluorescence intensity assay of the produced protein and by gfpuv-expressing C. glutamicum cell population analysis using flow cytometry. The vector pEC-XT99A was chosen for testing the bi-plasmid system for assignment of a sigma factor to the chosen promoter. Although the level of expression provided by pEC-XT99A was not high, the vector showed no leaky expression, expression from the vector was comparable for a wide range of IPTG concentrations and the cell population was homogenous concerning the gene expression. Using pEC-XT99A from which individual stress sig genes were expressed, the σD factor was clearly assigned to the up-to-now unknown Pcg0420 promoter. Another vector for isolation and purification of C. glutamicum proteins was used to express the C. glutamicum sigM gene and to...

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50

Yang, Fu-Ju y 楊富如. "Infection of ENU Mutant Mice With Human Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1) to Probe Immune Deviations in the Host Predominantly Expressing IL-15 Splice Variants". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89747934749471313019.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
免疫學研究所
96
Interlukine-15 (IL-15) is one of important cytokines and exhibits a high degree of pleiotropy, controlling a wide range of functions including immune responses, metabolism of skeletal muscle and proliferation of keratinocytes. However, very little is known about the mechanisms by which the expression and bioactivity of IL-15 are controlled. Whereas several forms of IL-15 alternative splice variants are identified in normal mice, their roles in the control of IL-15 expression remain unclear. In this study, we used an ENU mutant mouse model generated by the MMPCF (Mouse Mutagenesis Program Core Facility) to investigate how the immune responses against virus infection are affected when the host predominantly expresses IL-15 splice variants. Normal C57BL/6 (B6) and mutant pedigree 191 (P191) were infected with Human Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1) via epicutanous route. Skin samples with lesional areas were collected and sectioned for further analysis. Results from H & E stain showed that HSV-1 induced typical pathological changes in skin tissues of both types of mice including cell ballooning, vesicular degeneration and epidermal cytolysis. However, these changes appeared earlier and more severe in P191 than in wild type B6 skin. Expression of HSV-1 proteins was also more abundant in P191 than in B6 skin by immunohistochemical stain. Whereas expressions of IL-15 and IL-15R were induced in the subdermal area of B6 skin after HSV-1 infection, they were much reduced in P191 lesional skin. In addition, the time for the skin to be healed after HSV-1 infection was longer for P191 than B6 mice. While significant numbers of Gr-1+ cells were detected on day 5 and peaked at day 10 in the dermis of infected B6 skin, they were nearly detected at all times in P191 skin after HSV-1 infection. Although CD3+ T cells were all detected in B6 and P191 skin after HSV-1 infection, their roles in the control of virus infection remain clarified. In summary, results from our study have shown that infection of P191 mice with HSV-1 resulted in altered immune responses as compared with wild type B6 mice. The differences at least but not limited include the susceptibility to HSV-1 infection, time for skin healing and recruitment of immune cells to lesional areas. How does the elevated level of IL-15 splice variants in P191 mice contribute to these deviations is not clear. More experiments will be done to understand whether IL-15 splice variants are expressed as variant proteins to antagonize prototype IL-15 and/or acquire novel functions in regulating host immune responses.

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