Tesis sobre el tema "Fibré de"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte los 50 mejores tesis para su investigación sobre el tema "Fibré de".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Explore tesis sobre una amplia variedad de disciplinas y organice su bibliografía correctamente.
Bahtiti, Mohamed. "Fibrés vectoriels algébriques de petit rang sur la variété projective P^n". Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066076/document.
Texto completo1 - Generalization of the special instanton bundles on P^2n+1 which is called the (b+1)-weighted instanton bundles on P^2n+1. The stability of these vector bundles was studied in the case b=0. We studied the deformation of weighted Steiner bundles on P^2n+1. 2 - Generalization of the Tango bundles on P^n which is called the weighted Tango bundles on P^n. The stability of these vector bundles has been studied. The deformation of these vector bundles has been studied. 3 - Construction of vector bundles of rank 3 on P^4. We have studied the condition to have vector bundles that do not isomorphic to a direct sum of three line bundles
Brotbek, Damian. "Variétés projective à fibré cotangent ample". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00677065.
Texto completoBrotbek, Damian. "Variétés projectives à fibré cotangent ample". Rennes 1, 2011. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00677065.
Texto completoWe study different hyperbolicity related problems for complete intersection varieties. Given a smooth complete intersection variety X ⊂ M in a smooth complex projective variety M, we prove that if k ≥ dimX/codimM X and if the multidegree of X is sufficiently big then there exists invariant jet differential equations on X of order k and degree m for m big enough. Then we study a conjecture of O. Debarre: if X ⊂ PN is the intersection of at least N/2 generic hypersurfaces of sufficiently high degree, then the cotangent bundle of X is ample. We give different results towards this conjecture. We prove that if X satisfies the hypothesis of the conjecture, then X is hyperbolic and the cotangent bundle of X is numerically positive, big, and ample modulo a subset of codimension at least 2. We also give a strategy to compute explicitly symmetric differential forms on particular complete intersection varieties. Then, we prove a vanishing theorem for the cohomology of the Green-Griffiths jet differential bundles, generalizing a result of Schneider and a result of Diverio. Finally, we study the cohomology of line bundles on the universal hypersurface of divisors in P1
Fahlaoui, Rachid. "Stabilité du fibré tangent des surfaces algébriques". Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112170.
Texto completoThis thesis is concerned with the stability of the tangent bundle of algebraic surfaces. We consider two notions of stability: stability in the sense of Mumford-Takemoto and T-stability (Bogomolov stability). For surfaces with positive canonical (resp. Anti-canonical) bundle, the existence of a Kähler-Einstein metric implies the semi-stability of the tangent bundle with respect to the canonical (resp. Anti-canonical) class. If K is positive, such a metric exists, which implies K-semi-stability. This leads us to study the case of surfaces with negative canonical bundle. We give an algebraic proof, valid in any characteristic, of the semi-stability of the tangent bundle with respect to the canonical class. We generalize this result to surfaces with numerically negative canonical bundle satisfying: if the rank of the Picard group is nine, the anti-canonical linear system contains a singular semi-stable curve. Then we turn to T-stability, distinguishing three cases: elliptic surfaces, surfaces with vanishing first Chern class and geometrically ruled surfaces. We characterize the ones for which the tangent bundle is T-semi-stable and, in the last two cases, the ones for which the tangent bundle is T-stable
Kraych, Adrien. "Instabilités modulationnelles dans un anneau de recirculation fibré". Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1R038.
Texto completoThis thesis work deals with the modulation instability in a recirculating fiber loop. Modulational instability (called Benjamin-Feir instability in hydrodynamics) is responsible for the exponential amplification of weak perturbations of a plane wave, which leads to the plane wave destabilization and the emergence of intense coherent structures localized in space and time. The rich and complex spatio-temporal dynamic resulting from this mechanism is the source of important interest in several fields of physics where the nonlinear Schrödinger equation plays an important role. In order to study this phenomenon, we set up a recirculating fiber loop allowing us to measure the spatio-temporal evolution of a light wave propagating in an optical fiber. The spatio-temporal dynamics resulting from the modulation instability differ according to the nature of the perturbation which destabilizes the plane wave. We have used the recirculation fiber loop to study the dynamics of two types of perturbations: local and stochastic. In the case of local perturbation, we have demonstrated, for the first time, the emergence of oscillating nonlinear structures predicted within the framework of certain mathematical theories. In the case of a random perturbation, our work falls within the field of integrable turbulence. We were able to observe spatio-temporal dynamics until then only revealed by numerical simulations and to confront the statistical properties of our experimental results with numerical simulations of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Hazera, Christophe. "NOPCPA ultracourt pompé par CPA fibré haute cadence". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0094/document.
Texto completoIn recent years, the development of femtosecond lasers has been heavily oriented towards high average power sources forboth scientific experiments - such as XUV pulses generation - as well as for industrial applications. This work has been devoted to developa laser source able to amplify ultra-short pulses at a very high repetition rate. In one hand, we develop a high average power (50W)pump laser based on a Fiber Chirped Pulse Amplification (FCPA) technology delivering 400 fs pulses at a high repetition rate (100kHz).In the other hand, a multistage ultrafast optical parametric amplifiers (<10fs) pumped by this source has been then implemented. Toachieve this, we took the benefits of the Ytterbium-doped large-core photonics fibre’s properties in order to approach energies closeto 1mJ. Even in a highly stretched chirped pulse architecture (2ns), using this kind of technology, required to perform studies overdamage and preparation processes of fibers. Thereby, we demonstrated a maximum output power of 90W, but excellent results havebeen obtained in a stable and robust regime in which this laser delivers 60W with pulse durations shorter than 400fs. After frequencydoubling, this laser was sent as a pump into a two-stages - non collinear parametric amplifier made with BBO crystals and a spectrumdelivered a by a CEP-Stable-6fs Ti :sa oscillator has been amplified around 800nm over a spectral bandwidth larger than 300nm witha pulse energy of 19[mu] J (1.9W). By using a stretching and compression scheme based on the combination of silica wedges and chirpedmirrors, the final pulses have been then recompressed down to 9.7fs. These laser systems can be now used to pave the way for vast fieldsof investigation in molecular and atomic physics
Benaissa, Imene. "Béton de sable fibré projeté pour panneau 3D". Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CERG0782/document.
Texto completoThis paper presents test results of mechanical properties of fibre reinforced sand-concrete (BSP) formulated to be used in the sprayed wet-mix process, as a substitution to fibre reinforced concrete (BOP) sprayed by dry-mix process. This process of application of concrete is suitable for diverse applications such underground support and slope stabilization. In BOP, formulated with aggregates up to 8 mm, both material and fibre rebounds are high (50 %); this results in economic implications, and affects the performances of the mixture negatively.BSP formulated with low dosage of cement, sand and high content of limestone filler, but without coarse aggregate; seems to be indicated to alleviate most of these problems, because of its fineness, high cohesiveness, high fluidity and better homogeneity. BSP was investigated and compared with BOP, on the basis of fresh and hardened properties with special emphasis on rebound, compressive strength and drying shrinkage. Results of investigations showed many advantages of this new mixture (BSP) when compared to BOP: reduction of material and fibre rebounds by approximately 50%, relatively substantially thicker layers (9 cm vs 6 cm), good finishing surface, higher early age compressive strength, and long term drying shrinkage close to that of BOP.Comparison of the results shows that the endogenous shrinkage of BOP, BSP and vibrated concrete (BV) is similar.On the other hand, the present study showed that a low amount of steel fibre (50 Kg/m3)reduces the drying shrinkage of BSP by approximately 16%.While, in the case of BOP, the influence is not significant.The aim of this study is to bring some answers to the questions about the delayed deformation of the shooting sand-concrete [BSP], which is made of aggregates up 5 mm.Drying shrinkage results, revealed that drying shrinkage of BSP is higher than that of BV in the short term. In the long term, it becomes lower than that of BV. However, the BSP loses more water during the period of shrinkage measurements than BV. Furthermore, pore size distribution shows that the mesoporous structure of BSP lost more water than the bimodal structure of BV, which includes macropores and mesopores. These particular porometric structures of BSP and BV are the main factor behind the difference of the drying shrinkage behaviour of the two mixtures.This is an interesting and unexpected result, which is not in accordance with the commonly accepted relationship between shrinkage and weight change of samples, and between moisture loss and porometric structure. This work provides an explanation for this phenomenon by taking into account the kinetics of drying and the porometry of the concrete
Nsanzamahoro, Pierre Claver. "Métrique sur le fibré unitaire tangent au plan hyperbolique". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9469.
Texto completoJean, Florence. "Etude et développement d' un microspectro-imageur confocal fibré". Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066213.
Texto completoDaniel, Laurent. "Comportement de poutres en béton à hautes performances fibré sous sollicitations cycliques". Nantes, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NANTA002.
Texto completoCrétois, Rémi. "Automorphismes réels d'un fibré, opérateurs de Cauchy-Riemann et orientabilité d'espaces de modules". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00656631.
Texto completoLiu, Jie. "Géométrie des variétés de Fano : sous-faisceaux du fibré tangent et diviseur fondamental". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR4038/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is devoted to the study of complex Fano varieties via the properties of subsheaves of the tangent bundle and the geometry of the fundamental divisor. The main results contained in this text are:(i) A generalization of Hartshorne's conjecture: a projective manifold is isomorphic to a projective space if and only if its tangent bundle contains an ample subsheaf.(ii) Stability of tangent bundles of Fano manifolds with Picard number one: by proving vanishing theorems on the irreducible Hermitian symmetric spaces of compact type M, we establish that the tangent bundles of almost all general complete intersections in M are stable. Moreover, the same method also gives an answer to the problem of stability of the restriction of the tangent bundle of a complete intersection on a general hypersurface.(iii) Effective non-vanishing for Fano varieties and its applications: we study the positivity of the second Chern class of Fano manifolds with Picard number one, this permits us to prove a non-vanishing result for n-dimensional Fano manifolds with index n-3. As an application, we study the anticanonical geometry of Fano varieties and calculate the Seshadri constants of anticanonical divisors of Fano manifolds with large index.(iv) Fundamental divisors of smooth Moishezon threefolds with Picard number one: we prove the existence of a smooth divisor in the fundamental linear system in some special cases
Patru, Fabien. "Imagerie Directe en Interférométrie Stellaire Optique:Capacités d'Imagerie d'un Hypertélescope & Densifieur de Pupille Fibré". Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00140049.
Texto completoUn programme de simulation (HYPERTEL) étudie les propriétés d'une image directe à partir d'un ensemble de critères d'imagerie qualitatifs. Il est montré que le choix de la configuration du réseau est un compromis entre la résolution, la dynamique, le champ et l'objectif astrophysique. Un pavage régulier et non redondant des ouvertures améliore à la fois la dynamique, le contraste et la fidélité de l'image, mais minimise le champ d'imagerie. Les étoiles multiples requièrent un champ d'imagerie suffisant, tandis que les surfaces stellaires faiblement contrastées exigent de la dynamique.
Un nouveau concept de densifieur de pupille à fibres optiques monomodes dans le visible (SIRIUS) a été développé au laboratoire optique de Grasse de l'Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur. Des études préliminaires sur l'influence des fibres dans le processus d'imagerie ont mis en évidence un optimum pour redéfinir la pupille de sortie du densifieur. Les premières images de SIRIUS ont montré que la densification monomodale améliore la qualité et la stabilité de l'image d'un hypertélescope, moyennant une perte de flux global. Le filtrage spatial des fibres monomodes convertit les perturbations atmosphériques en fluctuations photométriques plus faciles à étalonner. Ces fluctuations photométriques affectent peu la qualité de l'image densifiée, ce qui permet de simplifier la déconvolution de l'image et le cophasage des faisceaux. Enfin, la flexibilité des fibres permet une reconfiguration entrée/sortie plus aisée de la pupille, ce qui convient bien aux nouveaux interféromètres comme le VLTI, CHARA, NPOI, ou encore MROI et OHANA.
Lambert, Girard Simon. "Étude du régime d'émission FM d'un laser fibré muni d'un amplificateur à semi-conducteurs". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25390/25390.pdf.
Texto completoBertrand, Stéphane. "Etude et réalisation d'un capteur fibré pour la mesure de températures cryogéniques par photoluminescence". Besançon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BESA2057.
Texto completoScol, Florent. "Amplification et transport fibré d’impulsions énergétiques pour les pilotes des installations laser de puissance". Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10129/document.
Texto completoCompactness, stability and beam quality are some benefits of fiber lasers. In large scale laser facilities, those systems are already used to generate and amplify pulses but are limited to the nanojoule range. The goal of this thesis consists in building a millijoule range system satisfying large scale laser facility requirements. Amplification and beam delivery systems have been considered. In the first case, an all-fiber MOPA has been realized. Using a 32 µm mode field diameter tapered fiber, we amplified 10 ns pulses up to 500 µJ with excellent temporal, spectral and spatial properties. In a second step, we consider the fiber beam delivery of those pulses over 15 m. In order to minimize nonlinear effects, hollow-core fibers have been used. This way, thanks to a 21 µm mode field diameter fiber, 30 kW peak power nanosecond pulses have been delivered over 15 m with negligible temporal and spectral distortions. In addition of amplification and beam delivery, we also considered technological building blocks which could be used to modified actual fiber seeder architecture. Chirped laser diode has been used to generate pulses and allowed us to finally obtained 1,25 mJ with our MOPA system. Fiber spatial beam shaping has also been performed in the 100 µJ range thanks to a microstructured, single-mode, polarization maintaining fiber which delivers a coherent top-hat beam. Finally, this work confirms the great potential of fiber systems for high energy amplification and beam delivery for the next generation of large scale laser facilities seeder
Michel, Claire. "Chaos Ondulatoire en Optique Guidée : Amplificateur fibré double-gaine pour la génération de modes « scar »". Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00431130.
Texto completoPatru, Fabien. "Imagerie directe en interférométrie stellaire optique : capacités d'imagerie des hypertéléscopes & densifieur de pupille fibré". Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE4014.
Texto completoSebaïbi, Nassim. "Valorisation des composites thermodurcissables issus du recyclage dans une matrice cimentaire : application aux bétons à ultra-haute performance". Thesis, Artois, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2011ARTO0201/document.
Texto completoThe project of research presented in this thesis, focuses on the conception and characterization an Fibre and Powder Reinforced Concrete (FPRC). These reinforcements (fibers and Powder) are recycled from thermoset composite parts (polyester matrix/fiber glass) from the automotive sector (iNoPLAST, France). In this research project, all important aspects needed for the development and application of Fibre and Powder Reinforced Concrete have been considered. In total six mixtures, with different types and amounts of fibres and powders were developed and tested in the fresh state (workability) as well as in the hardened state (uniaxial tensile tests, flexural tests, pullout tests of single fibres and compressive tests).An analytical model was proposed by Markovic is applied in this thesis. This model developed, based of the bridging of macrocrack by reinforcement is successfully applied on the behavior of tensile strength with 11,54 % in Fibers and Powders Reinforced Concrete
Perrin, Daniel. "Courbes passant par m points généraux de P³". Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112122.
Texto completoGiven m general points of P3 , we try to find a curve of low degree containing these points. The problem involves the normal bundle of the curves in P3 , namely a condition which we call h0 –stability by analogy with ordinary stability. We give a criterion of h0 -stability and apply it by use of liaison techniques. Most of the results are collected in several tables
Vergnole, Sébastien. "Nouveaux interféromètres large bande pour l'imageriehaute résolution : interféromètre fibré hectométrique ;utilisation des Fibres à Cristaux Photoniques". Phd thesis, Université de Limoges, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012003.
Texto completoAprès une première partie consacrée à quelques rappels théoriques, le deuxième volet de ce document est consacré à l'étude des fibres optiques en silice pour le projet `OHANA. Ce projet, piloté par l'Observatoire de Meudon, vise à relier de manière cohérente les télescopes du Mauna Kea à Hawaii à l'aide des fibres optiques. La dispersion chromatique différentielle des fibres destinées à relier le CFHT et Gemini, d'une longueur de 300 m, a été caractérisée ce qui a permis de la minimiser. Une étude de l'évolution de cette dispersion a également été menée en tenant compte des variations différentielles de température. Des solutions utilisant une ligne à retard fibrée ou des lames de CaF2 ont été proposées et réalisées pour compenser la dispersion supplémentaire occasionnée par ces variations des contraintes thermiques. La troisième partie est dédiée à l'étude des propriétés des fibres à cristaux photoniques (PCFs) pour l'interférométrie large bande. Deux interféromètres respectivement à deux et trois voies ont été mis en oeuvre dans le but de tester les propriétés des PCFs. Il a été montré que les fibres microstructurées utilisées avaient la capacité de propager la lumière de façon cohérente sur une très large bande spectrale, allant typiquement de 670 nm et 1550 nm, ce qui n'est pas possible en utilisant des fibres en silice " conventionnelles ". Enfin, des mesures de clôture de phase ont été réalisées et font apparaître que ces PCFs n'apportent pas de biais sur ces mesures.
Astudillo, de la Vega Esteban. "Etude expérimentale du comportement mécanique d'un béton fibré à ultra hautes performances (BFUHP) en traction biaxiale". Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DENS0009.
Texto completoDavid, Marie. "Optimisation de la dispersion des fibres pendant le cycle de malaxage des bétons industriels". Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1157/document.
Texto completoFibers are added to the concrete to give it news properties. The homogeneity of these characteristics is assured by a constant presence of fiber as the whole material. The dispersion of one species within another is governed by convection and/or diffusion mechanisms. Concerning objects having the size of steel fiber, these two phenomena are caused by the shearing applied to the material, an unknown and difficult to measure datum in the case of concrete mixer. To begin, a method allowing to estimate the mixer's shearing is suggested. This method is based on the measurement of the medium diameter of cement aggregates produced in the mixer. The link between the medium diameter and the mean shearing is established. In a second time, a mean to measure fiber dispersion from electrical resistivity measurements during the concrete mixing is presented. Then, in a third time, fiber dispersion are measured during mixing. The link between necessary time to obtain an homogeneous distribution and the mixer's shearing ability is established
Parant, Edouard. "Mécanismes d'endommagement et comportements mécaniques d'un composite cimentaire fibré multi-échelles sous sollicitations sévères : fatigue, choc, corrosion". Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005735.
Texto completoA partir de l'analyse des mécanismes de fissuration des matrices cimentaires, le principe de renfort multi-échelles conduit à l'utilisation de trois dimensions de fibres métalliques afin d'intervenir à chaque étape du processus de fissuration. La matrice cimentaire est ultra-compacte et résistante (résistance en compression > 200 MPa) et la fraction volumique du renfort atteint 11 %. Le composite formulé est mis en uvre dans des dalles minces qui se veulent représentatives des applications structurelles envisagées. Les dalles constituent les corps d'épreuve pour les trois études.
La caractérisation mécanique du composite sous chargement statique (compression, traction et flexion) montre que le renfort multi-échelles se caractérise par la mise en action graduelle et continue des différentes échelles de fibres, et ce jusqu'au pic d'effort. Une détermination de la résistance en traction uniaxiale (> 20 MPa) à partir d'essais de flexion 4 points sur dalles minces en utilisant une approche inverse est validée. Il est montré que le matériau étudié est élasto-plastique avec écrouissage positif en traction.
Les essais dynamiques mettent en lumière une grande sensibilité du composite aux effets de vitesses. Le renfort multi-échelles, et tout particulièrement les micro-fibres, amplifient les phénomènes visqueux dans la matrice cimentaire en y améliorant le transfert des efforts. Le gain absolu de résistance en traction est estimé par approche inverse à 1.5 MPa/u.log. Ces résultats sont retrouvés lors de simulations avec un modèle élasto-visco-plastique.
Le comportement en fatigue est limité par le faible élancement des méso-fibres. Leur déchaussement rapide empêche l'arrêt de la coalescence des micro-fissures. Une corrélation forte existe entre la durée de vie en fatigue et l'état d'endommagement initial (lors d'un premier chargement statique). Une courbe de Wöhler corrigée est reconstruite connaissant le comportement statique caractéristique et l'état initial de déformation des corps d'épreuve.
Sous sollicitation de service, la fissuration fine et diffuse induite par l'efficacité du renfort multi-échelles n'est pas préjudiciable en environnement agressif. Une cicatrisation presque totale est observée en présence d'eau sur des corps d'épreuve pré-endommagés par fatigue et maintenus chargés en solution saline.
Morisset, Adèle. "Interaction laser-silicium et transport fibré pour le test de circuits intégrés par stimulation photoélectrique non-linéaire". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00920339.
Texto completoVergnole, Sébastien. "Nouveaux interféromètres large bande pour l'imagerie haute résolution : interféromètre fibré hectométrique : utilisation des Fibres à Cristaux Photoniques". Limoges, 2005. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/b5576baa-1781-4524-9024-362d7aa12695/blobholder:0/2005LIMO0022.pdf.
Texto completoHigh resolution imaging has reached a high reliability and currently gives a lot of scientific results. Nowadays, we may develop this technique by using very long baselines and/or new optical waveguides. Moreover, astronomers are working with wide band spectra to get more light. Thus, the study of wide band interferometers is essential. This manuscript reports the development and the characterization of wide band fiber interferometers. The first part deals with some theoretical notions. The second part is dedicated to the study of silica optical fibers in the frame of the `OHANA project. The aim of this project driven by Paris Observatory is to coherently link the telescopes of the Mauna Kea in Hawaii thanks to optical fibers. The differential chromatic dispersion of the 300-m long fibers dedicated to link CFHT and Gemini telescopes has been characterized and minimized. The effect of the temperature variation has been also studied. Solutions using an optical fiber delay line or CaF2 glasses plates have been proposed and implemented to compensate the additional chromatic dispersion due to temperature effects. The last part of this manuscript is devoted to the study of Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCFs) for wide band interferometry. A two-beam and a three-beam interferometers have been implemented to test the properties of PCFs. It has been shown that the microstructured fibers used in our experiment are able to coherently propagate light over a wide spectral domain from 670 nm to 1550 nm. This wide domain is impossible to reach with "conventional" fibers. At last, closure phase measurements have been carried out showing that these PCFs do not bring additional defects on these measurements
Kabbaj, Salah-Eddine. "Spectres et théories de la dimension dans les anneaux de polynômes à coefficients dans un produit fibré". Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO10068.
Texto completoParant, Édouard. "Mécanismes d'endommagement et comportements mécaniques d'un composite cimentaire fibré multi-échelles sous sollicitatons sévères : fatigue, choc, corrosion". Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENPC0013.
Texto completoCamere, Chiara. "Stabilité des images inverses des fibrés tangents et involutions des variétés symplectiques". Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00552994.
Texto completoSayed, Ahmad Firas. "Mise en précontrainte des Bétons Fibré à ultra haute performance (BFUHP) à l'aide de matériaux composites en carbone (PRFC)". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00700491.
Texto completoFloris, Enrica. "Deux aspects de la géométrie birationnelle des variétés algébriques : la formule du fibré canonique et la décomposition de Zariski". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00861470.
Texto completoBenoit, Philippe. "Conception et réalisation d’un amplificateur Raman fibré mono-fréquence à 1645 nm pour la mesure de méthane par LIDAR". Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10106/document.
Texto completoThe objective of this thesis work is to design and build a single-frequency Raman fiber amplifier at 1645 nm. Such an amplifier could form the basis of a future LIDAR system for industrial methane plume characterization. Emission of pulses about 100 ns long and a few tens of µJ at high repetition rate (10-100 kHz) is needed for this application. In the nonlinear fiber used for Raman amplification, two main phenomena oppose our objectives. On one hand stimulated Brillouin scattering limits the optical power of both the pump and the signal. On the other hand adverse spectral broadening of the signal due to Raman amplification has been demonstrated. To address these issues, original expressions have been derived for Brillouin reflectivity of the signal and for nonlinear phase. In particular, the latter has allowed minimization of the signal spectral broadening thanks to adapted pulse waveforms. Various Brillouin threshold increasing techniques have then been implemented. The signal threshold is increased by applying a longitudinal mechanical strain profile to the fiber. The pump threshold is increased through spectral broadening, using either a multimode source or a frequency-swept source. Our experimental study has shown that the latter was more suitable. In the final configuration, a 27 µJ source at 1645 nm with a 20 kHz repetition rate, a 100 ns pulse duration and a spectral width equal to 10 MHz has been achieved, meeting the requirements for the considered LIDAR system
Penacchio, Olivier. "Structures de Hodge mixtes et fibrés sur le plan projectif complexe". Toulouse 3, 2002. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1709/.
Texto completoHodge theory has provided a deeper understanding of many topological invariants in complex algebraic geometry. The proposal of this thesis is to find a geometric equivalent of mixed Hodge structures (MHSs). Therefore, we generalize a construction by Rees that associates a graded ring to a ring filtered by a chain of ideals. This allows us to establish equivalences between categories of filtered vector spaces endowed with morphisms that are strictly compatible and categories of coherent sheaves that are equivariant for the action of a torus. The fact that filtrations are opposed translates into a strong semistability condition for the associated vector bundles. The equivalence is next applied to MHSs and yields an equivalence between the category of MHSs and a category of semistable vector bundles on the complex projective plane. This last category is shown to be Abelian, which provides a geometric proof that the category of MHSs is Abelian. We next define a new invariant of MHSs, the R-split level, and study its properties. We compute this invariant for singular and non-complete curves of genus 0 and 1. We study a relative version of the equivalence, which aims at describing variations of MHSs geometrically. This correspondence only works provided a good stratification of the base is chosen
Turgeon-Mallette, Vicky. "Durabilité du béton fibré à ultra-haute performance : effet de la présence de microfissures sur la migration des ions chlorure". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67730.
Texto completoIn North America, most of concrete structures, as they approach their lifetime design, present severe deterioration conditions. The combined effects of freeze-thaw cycles and the presence of de-icing salt are the main reasons for structural degradation. In addition, the presence of cracks considerably accelerates degradation by providing a preferential path for aggressive agents to penetrate. Thanks to their high compressive strength and ductile tensile behaviour, low permeability and high resistance to chloride ion penetration, the use of Ultra-High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) is a preferred solution to increase the service life of structures. Several studies evaluate the durability of UHPFRC using the same methods as for ordinary concrete, i.e. with samples of sound UHPFRC and the results of these studies confirm the exceptional durability of the material. However, in service state, UHPFRC, like ordinary concrete, exhibits cracks either due to shrinkage or load applied to the structure. It is well known that, for ordinary concrete, the durability of the material greatly decreases when cracked above a critical threshold. Since UHPFRC has a more ductile behaviour, it is possible to expect a better durability than ordinary concrete for the same deformation. However, few studies have made a direct link between the durability of the material and the opening of material cracks when loaded. This master's project is divided in two parts. The first part to characterize the durability of different UHPFRC available in Quebec. The second part consists of characterizing the resistance to chloride ion penetration for UHPFRC loaded beams. These beams have microcracks of the same order of magnitude as in service condition. For the characterization of the durability of different UHPFRC, information on material porosity, scalling resistance and chloride ion permeability is obtained. Permeability is assessed according to an accelerated migration test and a modified procedure of this accelerated test, developed and adapted for UHPFRC in previous work. The results confirm the excellent durability of UHPFRC. The modified accelerated migration test procedure remains difficult to carry out for materials containing metallic fibers and possible improvements are suggested. For the evaluation of the chloride ion permeability of UHPFRC beams maintained under load, a test set-up and a method are developed and validated. Digital Image Correlation analysis is used for observing and measuring crack openings. The chloride ion permeability of beams held under load is evaluated by an accelerated migration test. This unexpected result is also observed with chloride profiles. The application of an electrical current to accelerate the migration test and the presence of micro-cracking may be the issue. A more comprehensive research is needed to understand this phenomenon.
Tarmoul, Nassima. "Mise en phase des grands interféromètres : méthode de la diversité de phase chromatique : développement et implémentation sur le démonstrateur hypertélescope fibré SIRIUS". Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00703667.
Texto completoValla, Matthieu. "Etude d'un lidar doppler impulsionnel à laser Erbium fibré pour des mesures de champ de vent dans la couche limite de l'atmosphère". Paris, ENST, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENST0030.
Texto completoA PhD work has been undertaken for the realization of an impulse coherent laser anemometer for the measurement of wind field solved in distance in the lower atmosphere. During its propagation, the pulse gradually probe the atmosphere in the ascending direction. It is thus possible to realize a distance resolved velocity measurement by cutting out the analysis of the signal retrodiffused in multiple temporal windows. The originality of this PhD work is the use of a 1. 55 µm erbium fiber amplifier in a nanosecond pulsed mode, which allows the realization of compact and reliable instruments, with ocular safety. The instrumental simulator calculates the carrier to noise ratio of a mono or bistatic lidar, using configurations of truncated Gaussian beams with or without atmospheric turbulence. In order to account for atmospheric turbulence, the simulator uses a screen phase propagation code. The exact calculation of the Cramér-Rao lower bound allows us to predict the performances of the digital processing associated with the instrument. This part contains a fine model of the spectrum of the lidar signal which highlights a form of "spectral leakage" related to the decorrelation of the signal due to the pulsed nature of the instrument. He availability of a laser able of 20 µJ pulses allowed the realization of a prototype which was able to make three simultaneous measurements at distances up to 130 meters, thus giving us the opportunity to validate by the experiment the spectrum model undertaken during this PhD work
Florentin, Raphaël. "Propagation et contrôle adaptatif de la lumière amplifiée dans une fibre multimode". Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0069/document.
Texto completoFor a long time, multimode fibers were sparsely investigated because of the spatial and temporal distortions occurring during propagation across the fiber. Those distortions are consequences of mode coupling and modal propagation constant disparity. Although the propagation in a multimode waveguide is complex, it is deterministic and can be controlled by spatial shaping of the excitation. Considering an amplifying medium, the problem, at the heart of this thesis, is more complex because of nonlinear propagation due to heterogeneous gain saturation. Two kinds of Ytterbium doped multimode fiber amplifiers were tested: a step index fiber with a large core diameter and a coupled core multicore fiber. Spatial control of the output of the amplifier was achieved using a deformable mirror in combination with an iterative algorithm. In the case of a continuous wave excitation of the amplifier, we demonstrated that it was possible to confine light in a single-phase spot with a 2,8 W average power and 12 dB gain. We also demonstrated that the spatial shaping of the output has no effect on the amplifier gain. Furthermore, we obtained more complex output fields of multi-spot structure. Finally, focalization through the amplifying fiber was successfully demonstrated in femtosecond regime for which spatio-temporal couplings occur. A 120 kW peak power spot with a gain of 14 dB in a 350 fs pulse was obtained in a first experimental proof of concept. The spatial shaping allows also to control the duration of the amplified pulse by selection of modes with close group velocities
Szabo, Szilard. "Nahm transform for integrable connections on the Riemann sphere". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR13072.
Texto completoVillette, Sandrine. "Etude spectroscopique de l'autofluorescence de cellules oesophagiennes saines et tumorales in vitro et développement d'un microspectroimageur confocal fibré destiné à l'exploration in vivo". Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066503.
Texto completoMelliez, Franck. "Une rédaction sur la courbe de Bring comprenant notamment une étude sur l'"involution dualité" liée aux sections du fibré de Horrocks-Mumford". Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-43-44.pdf.
Texto completoProulx, Frédéric. "Étude expérimentale des poutres en bois lamellé-collé renforcées de béton fibré à ultra-haute performance et de barres de polymère renforcé de fibres". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6220.
Texto completoGuenet, Thomas. "Un modèle numérique pour structures en béton fibré à ultra-hautes performances : prise en compte de l'orientation des fibres par une approche d'endommagement micromécanique". Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29177/29177.pdf.
Texto completoThe behavior of ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) strongly depends on fibers’ orientations relatively to the direction of stresses. Fibers’ orientations are mostly due to concrete casting of the structure and therefore the ductility of a structure is highly dependent of those orientations. In this MSc thesis, a numerical model is developed to capture the effect of fiber orientation considering the fiber pull-out mechanism. A micromechanical damage model based on linear elastic fracture mechanics to model crack propagation, energy dissipation and thus structure’s ductility. This approach also corrects spurious mesh sensitivity and captures size effect. In this work, UHPFRC are made of short steel fibers with fiber content inferior to 3%. The compressive strength of UHPFRC is so important that the material is assumed to be purely linear elastic in compression. The model is implemented in Code_Aster software for calibration, validation and application on tensile tests and four-point bending tests : the developed model can reproduce these experimental results.
Tableau d'honneur de la FÉSP
Bonahon, Francis. "Structures géométriques sur les variétés de dimension 3 et applications". Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112365.
Texto completoThis thesis consists of three distinct parts. In the first part, the cobordism group of surface diffeomorphisms is computed. We use for these purpose geometric methods, in particular various characteristic splitting of 3-manifolds into pieces equipped with geometric structures. This computation, together with other geometric methods, is also applied to a problem of knot cobordism. The second part is devoted to elliptic structures, i. E. Riemannian metrics of constant curvature +1, on 3-dimensional lens spaces. We show that these elliptic structures are all isotopic. This amounts to computing the group of isotopy classes of diffeomorphisms of any given lens space. In the third part, we study the behaviour at infinity of hyperbolic a manifold whose fundamental group are finitely generated and, say, does not split as a free product. In particular, we show that these manifolds are “geometrically tame” in the sense introduced by Thurston. A corollary is that these hyperbolic manifolds satisfy the Ahlfors conjecture on the measure of their limit set
Baril, Marc-Antoine. "Effets de défauts de coulage sur la micro-fissuration des dalles minces en béton fibré à ultrahaute performance - étude par stéréovision et corrélation d'images digitales". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29636.
Texto completoUltra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) is well known for its great compressive resistance and its ductility. Furthermore, it is also well known that UHPFRC strongly depends on fibers’ orientations relatively to the direction of stresses. However, little is documented in the literature about the impact of local fiber discontinuity caused by casting defect. In this MSc thesis, a laboratory protocol is developed in order to measure the impact of the presence of defects in a UHPFRC slab on the mechanical response. This protocol is based on a system of photogrammetric measurement by digital image correlation (DIC). This technique allows the precise measure of the deformation as well as the displacement with help of a pair of high resolution digital camera. A computer-based post treatment analysis of these pictures is used to create a 3D model of the observed sample surface. With this new analysis method, it is possible to present different aspect of the non-linear behavior of this material. During this project, 6 different geometries of slab with and without casting defect were submitted to flexional stress by punctual loading. By developing a laboratory protocol adapted to this project, digital image correlation analysis gave a multitude of very precise results. A specific attention is made to the impact of the defect on the global mechanical behavior as well as the local damaging caused by the micro-cracks.
Plechinger, Valentin. "Espaces de modules de fibrés en droites affines". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0367.
Texto completoThe study of fibre bundles is an important subject in complex geometry. This thesis considers the particular case of affine line bundles over complex spaces. Affine line bundles are a natural generalisation of line bundles. The first part of this thesis studies the classical moduli problem and the existence of fine moduli spaces. In analogy to the study of line bundles, an affine Picard functor is defined. It is shown that this moduli space will (unless trivial) not be Hausdorff which leads to the study of framed affine line bundles. An exact criterion for the existence of a moduli space for this problem is given. Since the existence of such moduli spaces is very rare, the modern approach of stacks is used in the second part. To give a simpler description of this stack, the theory of fibrewise split extensions is developed. This theory is very general and is of independent interest. For a complex projective variety X, this approach allows to identify the stack of affine line bundles with a quotient stack of linear fibre spaces over the Picard scheme Pic(X). As an application, the homotopy type of this stack is calculated
Gregoire, Chloé. "Espace de modules de G2-fibrés principaux sur une courbe algébrique". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00539858.
Texto completoDehornoy, Pierre. "Invariants topologiques des orbites périodiques d'un champ de vecteurs". Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00656900.
Texto completoLe, Méhauté Simon. "Étude et réalisation d'un lidar dial cohérent fibré à 1.65 µm pour la mesure simultanée de la vitesse du vent et de la concentration de méthane". Thesis, Littoral, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020DUNK0555.
Texto completoEspecially in the oil and gas industry, methane leaks threaten both safety and environment. The real-time monitoring of such plumes could prevent potential human or ecological disasters. In this context, one part of NAOMI project, involving TOTAL and ONERA, aims to develop remote sensing tools capable of locating (with a spatial resolution of 100 m) and characterize major methane leaks from a safety distance (1 km) on the field. To meet these specifications, the present work describes the study, design and performances assessments of a fiber lidar emitting in the near infrared (1.65 µm) : VEGA ("VEnt et GAz", French for "wind and gaz"). The choice of a coherent detection scheme allows to consider a dual-function system, able to simultaneously measure wind speed with Doppler shift (useful to assess plume dynamic) and methane concentration with the DIAL technique. In the lab, integrated-path measurements (target at 2.2 km) have shown, a first to our knowledge with a coherent lidar, VEGA's sensibility to methane. The accuracy of ambient level measurements (1.95 ± 0.26 ppm for 1 s averaging) is seen to be satisfying for the target application (involving much higher concentration). During a field campaign in 2018 (Lacq, France), the lidar has shown a good thermo-mechanical behaviour, justifying the choice of an all-fibered architecture. The use of several measurement procedures (simple, several laser lines of sight, several wavelengths) allowed VAGA to identify controlled methane leaks at 200 m (30 m resolution) in a wide range of flow rates (from 0.1 to 300 g.s-¹. During the campaign, the observed statistical errors, in the ±10 to 100ppm range for 1 s averaging, are in good agreement with theoretical models. Assessing these errors at greater distances shows, nonetheless, a need to improve the lidar (through mentioned improvement tracks) to reach an adequate precision at 1 km. Eventually, the basis for autonomous flow rate estimation, combining both wind and gas data, had been presented
Gomes, Fernanda. "Influence du revêtement sur le comportement en fatigue des dalles orthotropes : étude d'une solution en BFUP". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00806298.
Texto completoWu, Xiaojun. "Cohomologie des fibrés holomorphes et classes de Chern". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALM072.
Texto completoThis thesis consists of two parts. In the first part, we study the cohomology of a compact Kähler manifold with values in a pseudo-effective line bundle. This part also describes various results concerning pseudo-effective vector bundles. Since several of our definitions do not require the use of a Kähler metric, the corresponding results also apply to general compact complex manifolds. The second part of the thesis concentrates on finding adequate definitions of Chern classes (or equivalently, of Chern characteristic classes) in Bott-Chern cohomology with rational coefficients. A related intersection theory is developed for that purpose in the context of integral Bott-Chern cohomology.The organisation of the thesis is as follows. In Chapter 2, we improve the hard Lefschetz theorem obtained by Demailly, Peternell and Schneider, and discuss the optimality of the resulting statement. We show in particular that the holomorphic sections constructed in this result are in fact parallel with respect to the given positive singular metrics. A consequence of this property is the existence of naturally related holomorphics foliations.In Chapter 3, we study the numerical dimension of a pseudo-effective line bundle over a compact Kähler manifold, and, in the framework of L^2 estimates, we obtain vanishing theorems analogous to those of Fedor Bogomolov and Junyan Cao, expressed in terms of numerical dimension.In Chapter 4, we introduce the definition of nefness in higher codimension, a concept that interpolates between usual nefness and pseudo-effectivity. In this setting, we give a simplified proof of a result of Nakayama on the non-existence of Zariski decompositions in dimension at least 3. We also state a variant ofthe Bogomolov theorem and study the surjectivity of the Albanese map of a compact Kähler manifold when the anticanonical line bundle is pseudo-effective.Chapter 5 discusses the concept of strongly pseudo-effective vector bundle or torsion-free sheaf, and proves the result that a strongly pseudo-effective reflexive sheaf with vanishing first Chern class over a compact Kähler manifold is in fact a numerically flat vector bundle.In Chapter 6, following some ideas of Julien Grivaux, we construct an intersection theory for the integral Bott-Chern cohomology that had been defined in 2007 by Michel Schweitzer. A combination of these works allows us to define Chern classes and to obtain a Riemann-Roch-Grothendieck formula in rational Bott-Chern cohomology