Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Flouting of maxims"

This paper is a flouting maxim analysis in Sapa Indonesia Malam talk show at Kompas TV in which Jerinx or I Gede Ari Astina became a guest star in this talk show. The present study aims to analyze a conversation and dig out information about flouting maxims. The framework of analysis will use in the flouting Maxim of Grice’s Cooperative Principles (Geis et al., 1976). The flouting maxim has four maxims, and those are quality, quantity, relation, and manner. The method of this study was qualitative by using the utterances in the video conversation from the talk show in Sapa Indonesia Malam as analysis material, and the data were extracted from the video. This study's instrument was the transcript text of the utterances between the hosts and Jerinx as a guest star consisting of flouting maxims. The data were analyzed by using flouting of the maxim in Discourse Analysis’ concept. This paper attempts to investigate the flouting maxims that mostly appear in the video conversation and determine the cause or reason for the maxim to emerge. The researchers comprehended the types of flouting maxims in the talk show, and then the researchers determined the types selected into categories based on guests' utterances. After that, the researchers analyzed the predetermined types. The study found some floutings of the maxims of relation. There were 50% maxims of relation flouted by speakers, and from nine flouting maxims, the four data had the most reasons for appearing in the conversation.

Implicature utterance that was introduced by Grice and his categorization on maxims those are quantity, quality, relevance, and manner seem interested to be studied, as the aim of this study is to find out the flouting of Grice maxims. The Method used was qualitive and data was collected from the utterances of the characters in "Anak Negeri (Kisah Masa Kecil Ganjar Pranowo)" Movie afterwards the data were categorized based on flouting maxims then displayed into percentage and reflected involved the reasons of those flouting maxims. Next, it was analyzed and presented in description explanation. The results found that the most flouting occurred is flouting of maxim quantity that is 46% where there are several reasons, they are in order to convince, to elaborate, to permit, and to empathy. And in the same time, the flouting of maxim relevance is not too far with quantity that is 41% with the purpose of using these flouting maxims are to inform, to give idea, to ask back, to calm down, to wonder, and to complement. Flouting of maxim quality is 5% and the reason found is to explain, while flouting of maxim manner is 5% too and the reason was to ask meaning. In other words, those flouting maxims occur, it must have a purpose, and depend on the context where this study is viewed in pragmatics perspective. Keywords: Flouting Grice Maxims, flouting maxim of quality, flouting maxim of quantity, flouting maxim of relevance, flouting maxim of manner

This current study is aiming to find out the flouting and violating of maxims produced by characters in Deadpool 2 movie. The theory uses in this study is theory of Grice about maxims . Descriptive qualitative method is used to analyze the data. Steps in analyzing the data consist of presenting the data, describing the context of the data, interpreting the data and making the conclusion. Based on the research, It found that there are four types of flouting and violating the Grice’s maxims which derived from 22 data. 15 data that flouted the Grice’s maxims, they are 1 data flouting maxim of quantity, 6 data flouting maxim of quality, 1data flouting maxim of relation, and 7 data flouting maxim of manner. 7 data that violated the Grice’s maxims, they are 1 violating maxim of quantity, 1 violating maxim of quality, 3 violating maxim of relation, and 2 violating maxim of manner. Flouting maxim of manner becomes the most dominant types of flouting maxim, and violating maxim of relation becomes the most dominant types of violating maxim in the movie.

This descriptive qualitative research purposed at finding the types of flouting maxims uttered by the characters in Fantastic Beasts: and Where to Find Them movie. The data were taken from the utterances contained flouting maxims in the movie. The cooperative principle theory by (Grice, 1975) conducted for analyzing the types of flouting maxims. Observational method and non-participatory technique implemented for collecting the data. Furthermore, pragmatic identity method and pragmatic competence- in equalizing technique employed for analyzing the data. The findings revealed that there were 15 utterances contained flouting maxims uttered by the characters in the movie. There were 9 data of flouting maxim of quantity, 1 data of flouting maxim of relation, 4 data of flouting maxim of relation, and 1 data of flouting maxim of manner. Flouting maxim of quantity became the most uttered because the characters frequently flouted the maxim of quantity in the movie.

Maxims are rules for determining whether the speaker is being cooperative in a conversation or not. When a speaker refuses to be cooperative during a conversation, this is known as flouting of maxim. This research focuses on flouting maxims uttered by the characters in The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge on the Run. The objective of this research is to identify the types of flouting maxims contained in this movie. The researcher used the descriptive qualitative method to analyze the data. The result of this research showed that the researcher found 41 utterances that flout the maxim in The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge on the Run. There are flouting the maxim of quality (6 data), flouting the maxim of quantity (16 data), flouting the maxim of relevance (15 data), and flouting the maxim of manner (9 data). The number of utterances and the number of flouting maxims used are different because one utterance may include more than one flouting maxim.

This research was made based on the number of people making mistakes in communicating in the social environment. Some errors in communication often result in ambiguity, due to the delivery of unclear information. Related to the topic the researcher made the research that analyze the flouting maxims in Wonder Woman movie and find the reason why the characters flouted the maxims by using the theory of Grice (1975). This research used qualitative descriptive method by Sudaryanto (2015) to analyze data. The results of the research showed that there were 12 data which were flouting maxims namely 1 data flouting maxim of quality, 2 data flouting maxim quantity, 2 data flouting maxim manner and 7 data were flouting maxim relations. The conclusion based on the results of this research is that all the characters in Wonder Woman movie was flouted all of the maxims, it can be seen from the result of analyzed the data, especially in the main character. The most frequently flouting maxim is maxim relation. Keywords: Communication, Cooperative Principle, Flouting Maxim.

This research discusses the flouting of Gricean maxims done by all the characters in the TV series Mom in the first 10 episodes in season 1. This research aims to identify and to classify the flouting of Gricean maxims according to Cutting’s classification and the most used method of flouting. The quantitative and qualitative methods are used as data analysis instruments. It is discovered that there are 99 flouting, with 59.6% (59 cases) among which is flouting of maxim of quality, 18.2% (18 cases) is flouting of maxim of quantity, 13.1% (13 cases) is flouting of maxim of relation, and 9.1% (9 cases) is flouting of maxim of manner. The characters in Mom tend to flout the maxims by using metaphors, being irrelevant, using irony or sarcasm, using hyperbole, or being ambiguous or obscure. The analysis shows that the characters flouted the maxims for several reasons, with the most frequent one is to offend or to hurt the hearer and to convince the hearer.

This research discusses the flouting of Gricean maxims done by all the characters in the TV series Mom in the first 10 episodes in season 1. This research aims to identify and to classify the flouting of Gricean maxims according to Cutting’s classification and the most used method of flouting. The quantitative and qualitative methods are used as data analysis instruments. It is discovered that there are 99 flouting, with 59.6% (59 cases) among which is flouting of maxim of quality, 18.2% (18 cases) is flouting of maxim of quantity, 13.1% (13 cases) is flouting of maxim of relation, and 9.1% (9 cases) is flouting of maxim of manner. The characters in Mom tend to flout the maxims by using metaphors, being irrelevant, using irony or sarcasm, using hyperbole, or being ambiguous or obscure. The analysis shows that the characters flouted the maxims for several reasons, with the most frequent one is to offend or to hurt the hearer and to convince the hearer.

The major objective of this research is to analyze the flouting maxims in one of the Indonesian comedy movies, The Guys. This research is focused on identifying the types of flouting maxims and to seek out the reasons behind those flouting performed by Alfi character in the movie. The data for this qualitative research were collected from the utterances produced by character Alfi containing flouting maxims. They were obtained by watching the movie and transcribing the movie script to ensure that no data were accidentally left out. The data was analyzed by classifying the data into types and reasons of flouting maxims, then the researcher verified all the data to ensure that all the data matched and correctly-translated. The results of this research show that character Alfi performed all types of flouting maxims, i.e. quantity, quality, relevance and manner. Flouting maxim of manner is in the highest occurrence and flouting maxim of relevance is in the lowest occurrence. Whereas the reasons that lead character Alfi to flout the maxims are competitive, convivial, collaborative and conflictive. Concerning the reasons of flouting maxims, collaborative reason is in the highest position, and conflictive reason has the lowest position in its occurrence.

Abstract Maxims are the rules to know whether the speaker can be cooperative or not while he contributes the information in conversation. By flouting maxims, the participants of the conversation seem to be uncooperative but actually they do. The participants themselves have certain intentions of flouting the maxims. There are some intended meanings and certain purposes which are conveyed by the speaker behind the utterance where maxim flouting occurs. Hence, by flouting the maxims, the participants are not said to beuncooperative in a conversation. It is because maxim flouting is a way to make the hearer look for the real meaning beyond what is said implicitly by the speaker. This research only focus in analyzing maxim flouting that occurs in the Kungfu Panda Movie. This research uses the Grice’s Cooperative Principle and Cutting’s theory they are maxim quantity, maxim quality, maxim relation and maxim of manner that flouting by the main character in Kungfu Panda Movie Script. Based on the data analysis , it has been discovered that all the main characters all flouting all the types of maxims. The maxim of quantity flouting becomes the main type of maxim flouting which is performed by the main characters. They have tendency to flout this maxim to make the information given to the listener clearer. It is done by giving too little information rather than giving much one. Meanwhile, maxim of quality and maxim of manner flouting rarely occurs in the movie because the characters are assertive kind of persons. They avoid giving unclear information which leads the understanding of the hearer. Keywords: Maxim flouting, types, strategies, Kungfu Panda movie

This study aims at identifying the types of maxims flouted by the main characters of “Brooklyn Nine-Nine” and describing the context behind those floutings. The data were taken from the fourth season of “Brooklyn Nine-Nine”, an American police procedural comedy TV show. Documentation method was used to collect the data. Descriptive qualitative method was used to analyze the data by applying Grice’s Cooperative Principle (1975) and Cutting’s Theory of Context (2002). Based on the analysis, all types of conversational maxims were flouted, namely maxim of quantity, maxim of quality, maxim of relation, and maxim of manner. Another finding in this research is that the context behind the floutings were needed to understand the meaning of the utterances. Keywords: Context, Maxim Flouting, Pragmatics

This study focuses on flouting maxim uttered by characters in “UP!” movie. This study is aimed at analyzing types of flouting maxims performed by the characters and describing strategies of flouting maxims uttered by characters in the movie. In analyzing the types and strategies of flouting maxims of characters, Cutting’s theory (2002) is used. The researcher also employed qualitative research method to collect the data. The result showed two important findings. First, it was found that there are four types of flouting maxims in the movie. They are flouting maxims of quantity, quality, relation and manner. Flouting maxims of quality was rank first because the characters deliberately say something that is believed to be false. Second, there are ten strategies of flouting maxims found in the movie. They are giving too little information, giving too much information, hyperbole, metaphor, irony, banter, sarcasm, being irrelevant, changing the topic and being obscure. The occurrence of the strategy that mostly used to flout maxims was giving too much information. It happened because the characters always give too much information than what is required.

This research is about flouting maxims on the dialogue of characters in UP! Animated movie. Hence, it is aimed to know flouting maxim on UP! animated movie. This research is used qualitative research. The data of this study was taken on flouting maxims on the discourse of figure in UP! animated movie from he main characters namely old name Carl Fredrickson and Russel. There are several steps in collecting the data namely, finding a script UP! of the animated movie, next is analyzing the script with the UP! movie and the last is to list the utterances of the main personality of UP! animated movie in flouted maxims and finally analyzing them based on the chosen theory. After conducting the research, the writer found 20 sentences that flouted by Mr. Fredickson and Russel animated UP! movie. Those kinds of maxims are 6 flouted maxims of quantity, 7 flouted maxims of quality, 3 flouted maxims of relevance, and 4 flouted maxims of manner. Keywords: Flouting maxim, Dialogue, Movie

This research is focused on analyzing flouting and hedging of conversational maxim of utterances used by the main characters in “Post Grad” movie. Conversational maxims are the rules of cooperative principle categorized into four categories; Maxim of Quality, Maxim of Quantity, Maxim of Relevance, and Maxim of Manner. If these maxims are used in conversations, the conversations can go smoothly. However, people often break the maxims overtly (flouting maxim) and sometimes break the maxims secretly (hedging maxims) when they make a conversation. This research is conducted using descriptive qualitative method based on the theory known as Grice’s Maxims. The data are in form of utterances used by the characters in “Post Grad” movie. The data analysis reveals some finding covering the formulated research question. The maxims are flouted when the speaker breaks some conversational maxims when using the utterances in the form of rhetorical strategies, such as tautology, metaphor, hyperbole, irony, and rhetorical question. On the other hand, conversational maxims are also hedged when the information is not totally accurate or unclearly stated but seems informative, well-founded, and relevant.Keywords: Descriptive analysis ; flouting maxims; hedging maxims; Post Grad movie.

This research is focused on analyzing flouting and hedging of conversational maxim of utterances used by the main characters in “Post Grad” movie. Conversational maxims are the rules of cooperative principle categorized into four categories; Maxim of Quality, Maxim of Quantity, Maxim of Relevance, and Maxim of Manner. If these maxims are used in conversations, the conversations can go smoothly. However, people often break the maxims overtly (flouting maxim) and sometimes break the maxims secretly (hedging maxims) when they make a conversation. This research is conducted using descriptive qualitative method based on the theory known as Grice’s Maxims. The data are in form of utterances used by the characters in “Post Grad” movie. The data analysis reveals some finding covering the formulated research question. The maxims are flouted when the speaker breaks some conversational maxims when using the utterances in the form of rhetorical strategies, such as tautology, metaphor, hyperbole, irony, and rhetorical question. On the other hand, conversational maxims are also hedged when the information is not totally accurate or unclearly stated but seems informative, well-founded, and relevant.Keywords: Descriptive analysis ; flouting maxims; hedging maxims; Post Grad movie.

This study analyzed the maxim flouting in David Letterman and Aishwarya Rai in David Letterman Show,. This study aims to find out which types of maxim flouting are performed by David Letterman as the host and Aishwarya Rai as the guest in the talkshowas well as to describe the reasons why the maxim flouting performed by the two. Qualitative research method was used in this study, and the data were presented in a descriptive analysis. This study dealt with a pragmatic approach and employed one of the Pragmatics theories, namely the Theory of Conversational Maxims or Cooperative Principle. Data in this study are analyzed pragmatically based on Grice’s Cooperative Principle and its maxims. The data of the study were the utterances of the maxim flouting performed by David and Aishwarya. They were collected by downloading the episode of the show and watching the show. The researchers used Grice’s theory called Cooperative Principles with the four types of maxims, i.e: the maxim of quality, maxim of quantity, maxim of relation, and maxim of manner to analyze the maxim flouting in the talkshow. The results showed that all four types of maxim flouting were performed by both David and Aishwarya. In conclusion, the maxim flouting happened in the talkshow were beneficial to avoid discomfort and to give more explanations.

This study focuses on analyzing the maxim flouting between the teacher and students of XI IPS in SMA PGRI 2 Bandung during classroom interaction. The objective of this study is to find out the types of flouting maxim produced by teachers and students. Furthermore, this study also investigates the effects of maxims flouting to classroom activity. This study implements descriptive qualitative as the method of the study. There are five instruments used in this study; those are observation checklist, field note, the script of recorded video, questionnaire, and interview. The result of the study shows that there were four types of maxims flouting produced by the teacher and students during classroom interaction. Moreover, the researchers found four adverse effects of flouting maxim in classroom activity.

Communication is one of important part in human life. This research related to the phenomenon of pragmatics. This research focused on analyzing the flouting of maxims in the Disney film entitled “Beauty and the Beast”. The purpose of this study is to determine the kinds of maxim flouting produced by the actor. For this research, the researchers used Grice's theory of flouting maxim. This research used descriptive qualitative as the research design which shapes how the report of the analysis would be descriptively. This research collected the data by applying observational and non-participatory technique by Sudaryanto (1993). As for analyzing data, the researchers used pragmatic identity method and pragmatic competence- in equalizing technique. From the analysis of the collected data, the researchers found that several conversations of the main characters in this film contained flouting of the maxims. Those were 4 data of maxim quantity, 4 data of maxim quality, 3 data of maxim of relevance, and 2 data of maxims manner.

Article deploys the application of Cooperative Principle in analyzing the dialogues in Arthur Miller’s The Crucible.The applied research methods were qualitative and quantitative methods. The dialogue of the play were transferred in the form of excerpts to the computer manually. Then the pplication of The Non-observance of the Conversational Maxims was analyzed and its occurences are counted. It is found that The Non-observance of the Conversational Maxims are applied in the play. The categories of The Non-observance of the Conversational Maxims that are applied are flouting the maxims, violating the maxims, and opting out a maxim. The most frequent category of The Non-observance of the Conversational Maxims is flouting quality by using metaphor while the least frequent one is flouting quantity.

The objectives of this research are to analyze the type of violation and flouting the maxim of teacher-student interaction in the English teaching and learning process in MA Hasyim Asy’ari Bangsri and also find the most frequently produced between violation and flouting of the maxim. This research used the descriptive qualitative method. The data was obtained from the conversation between the teacher and students during the teaching and learning process and analyzed by categorizing utterances based on the violation and flouting maxim theory of the Cooperative Principle. The data were collected through the observation then analyzed by using the technique which is suggested by Miles and Huberman that consists of data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusion or data verification. The result of the research showed that there are four types of maxims that are violated by the teacher and students. These are the maxim of quantity 11 (50%), the maxim of quality 5 (22.73%), the maxim of relation 1 (4.54%), and the maxim of manner 5 (22.73%). The dominant violation was the maxim of quantity with 11 occurrences. Based on the findings, there are three types of flouting maxims in which the most of flouting maxim that is occurred was the maxim of relation. They are divided into 1 (14.29%) maxim of quantity, 2 (28.57%) maxim of quality, and 4 (57.14%) maxims of relation. In conclusion, the most produced between the violation and flouting was the violation of maxim with 22 (75.86%) of total occurrences. Meanwhile, the proportion of flouting maxim was 7 (24.14%).

This paper explores how the flouting of the Gricean maxims is used to bring about comedy and humorous effect in Hassan El Fad’s 4th episode of Tendance sitcom. Therefore, it aims at finding out what maxims are flouted the most to create comedy and what maxims the two main characters disobey for the sake of making people laugh. To reach the study objective, the paper is based on the analysis of the fourth episode transcription. That is, the study relies on a qualitative descriptive method as it aims at exploring the flouting of Grice’s cooperative principle in Moroccan Arabic comedy and describing how such flouting generates humour and comedy. The results show that the most frequently flouted maxim was the maxim of quantity (39.3%), followed by the maxims of quality (29.6%), manner (26.2%) and the least maxim flouted was relevance (4.9%). The results suggest that the use of flouts has to do with their different moods and personalities, which is why the main characters did not use as many flouts in order to create comedy, since it would not be in line with their personalities. Furthermore, the study shows that most of maxim flouts that create comic implicature are perceived via the use of obscure overstatement and personification, use of misleading conventional-coded expressions, irrelevant oddness of conversation-established ideas, and flouting of Moroccan communication patterns. The study concludes that the use of urban accent of Marrakech city alongside maxims flouting generated humorous effect.

Discussing the misleading of information in interaction in Podcast is rare in language research. Considering the concept of cooperative principle and the failure of observing maxims in an interaction by Grice (1989[1967]), this research investigated the flouting and violating of maxims appears within the podcast. The data source of study is a podcast of Deddy Corbuzier with Siti Fadilah Supari, the Former of Indonesian Health Minister which entitled Siti Fadilah, Sebuah Konspirasi – Saya dikorbankan. This study discovers the participant’s failing to observe the maxims, in form of flouting and violating. There are 57 exchanges flouted as the most common participant’s failure in observing the maxims, which consists of 29 quantity maxims (50%), 14 manner maxims (25%), 9 quality maxims (16%), and 5 relation maxims (9%). Then it is followed by the violation in 7 exchanges, which occurs in 3 quality maxims (43%), 2 quantity maxims (29%), 1 relation maxim (14%) and 1 manner maxim (14%). The study finds the podcast provides the various information, since the participant provides the more contribution rather than is required as the domination of flouting in quantity maxim. This study implies the need of reconfirming of the utterance that is presumable to lead failure of information understanding.

Cooperative principles theorized by Grice (1975) explaines the way people use the language well and efficiently. There are four maxims in order to achieve connection during conversation, i.e. the maxims of quality, quantity, relation, and manner. However, people do not always follow and obey the Cooperative principle and instead flout maxim. The aim of this research was to discuss about the types of maxim which were flouted in the movie White House Down written by James Vand Erbilt. As a result, the researcher found 15 samples of flouted maxim, maxim of quantity 4 data, maxim of quality 2 data, maxim of manner 5 data, and 4 data maxim of relation.

The present study is an analysis of the flouting maxim in Good Morning America (GMA) talk show in which Jackie Chan was invited as the guest star. The goals of this research are to find out the performed flouted maxim(s) by the hosts and the guest and to reveal the reason(s) behind the occurrence of the maxim(s). In this study, the researchers employed the qualitative method, and data were collected from a video. The transcript text of the utterances between the hosts and Jackie Chan as a guest consisting of flouting maxim was the instrument of this research. Then, to find and analyze the flouting maxim showed in the video, the researchers used Grice's (1975) theory Cooperative Principles consisting of four maxim types: quality, quantity, relation, and manner. The result showed that all four types of maxim flouting were committed by both Jackie Chan and the two hosts of the GMA talk show. The highest flouting maxims found were flouting the maxim of quantity and manner. Further, the study also revealed the rationales behind maxims flouting, which were beneficial to build fun communication and to elaborate more explanations.

In the era of technology that continues to develop, the way to communicate also develops. One of them is the chatbot as a friend of human communication. This research examines a chatbot that can make users laugh or upset because of the uniqueness of its responses. That is SimSimi, an artificial intelligence. This research examines the extent of SimSimi can communicate effectively and efficiently. In answering this matter, this research analyzes in what topics the flouting maxims are mostly committed by SimSimi. The analysis process relies on the principle of cooperation Grice (1975). Further, each flouting maxims is explored about the strategy of violations that occur, by referring to the idea of ​​Cutting (2002) about the maxim violation strategy. In addition, with SimSimi's multilingual expertise, this research also compares the differences in the frequency of flouting maxims by SimSimi in Arabic and English. Therefore, this research utilizes comparative studies using qualitative methods. The conversations analyzed were 40 conversations containing 4 topics. Based on 20 Arabic conversations, there were 32 flouting maxims. As for the 20 conversations in English, there were 30 flouting maxims. This shows the comparison of the frequency of flouting maxims in Arabic and English dialogue at 16:15. As for the strategies of flouting maxims that occurred, there are 10 kinds of strategies in Arabic dialogue and 6 kinds of strategies in English dialogue. In Arabic dialogues, the topic that contains the most violations of the maxims is the topic of religion. So it is with English dialogue. The results of the research show that SimSimi in English can communicate more effectively and efficiently compared to its use in Arabic.

The focus of this research is flouting maxim which is used by conversation on whatsapp message between Widya Eka Septiani and Edo Meggi Fernando as the students of English Education Study Program 2016. This research aims at: (1) describing the kinds of maxims flouted by conversation on whatsapp message between Widya Eka Septiani and Edo Meggi Fernando as the students of English Education Study Program 2016 and (2) revealing the reasons of flouting maxim showed by conversation on whatsapp message between Widya Eka Septiani and Edo Meggi Fernando as English Education’16. The research design of this study was descriptive qualitative research. The results of the research show that (1) the flouting maxims in conversation between Widya Eka Septiani and Edo Meggi Fernando by whatsapp message is flouting maxim of relation, and (2) revealing the reasons of flouting maxim showed by by conversation on whatsapp message between Widya Eka Septiani and Edo Meggi Fernando.

The study focuses on the flouting of conversational maxims in one of the traditional markets in Kediri. This study focuses on the types of flouted maxims, and the situations where the flouted maxims cause misunderstanding between the sellers and the buyers in the trade of interaction. This research is conducted by using a descriptive qualitative approach. The data are utterances between sellers and buyers. The theory which the writer used is based on the theory of Cooperative Principles, proposed by Grice (1975), which establishes four maxims, those are the maxim of quality, the maxim of quantity, the maxim of relation and maxim of manner. The data is collected by recording the conversation in the trade transaction. The data is also collected by noting the conversation and transcript it. The finding shows that there are many flouted maxims found in interaction practices between the seller and buyer. The writer’s analysis show that all kinds of maxims are flouted mostly buy the seller. Those are maxim of quantity, maxima of quality, maxims of relevance and maxim of manner. Thus, it may happen because between the seller and the buyer do not fulfil the rules of cooperative principles. The writer concludes there are some condition which make the participants in the trade interaction have to flout the maxims. Due to the fact that the conversation still run well without any misunderstanding.

This study focuses to analise the flouting of conversational maxims which are found in Moana movie. The study uses mix method. There are four of maxims can be revealed. The first is maxim relevance. The reasons of maxim relevance are:“The Maui’s responses do not appropriate to Moana’s statements” and “Moana’s response does not appropriate to Maui’s statement”. The second is maxim manner.The reason of maxim manner are: “Moana’s statements do not clear”, “Maui’s response does not appropriate to Moana’s statement”, and “Maui’s statement does not clear”. The third is maxim quantity. The reasons of maxim quantity are: "The Maui’s responses do not appropriate to Moana’s statements”, “Moana’s responses do not appropriate to Maui’s statement”, “Maui’s statement is flouting the maxim”, and “Moana’s steatment is flouting the maxim”. The forth is maxim quality. The reason is “Maui’s responses contain lies”. that among 4 types of maxim in conversation between the main character, Moana and Maui in Moana movie, the maxim of relevance was the most identifiable type. 16 conversations cover 38,1%. The second is the maxim quantity. 14 conversations cover 33,3%. The third is the maxim manner. 10 conversation or covers 23,8%. The maxim quality gets 2 conversations and covers 4,8%. The conclusions are the conversation related to ask to do something, be success in doing something, give surprise and do not want something bad happened to the friend.Keywords: Conversational Maxims, Flouting Maxims, Movie

This study is to find out what maxims are used by Chris Gardner, what maxims are flouted by Chris, and what implicature can be interpreted by flouting the maxims in the business conversation in The Pursuit of Happinessmovie. The source of the data was the film and the transcript, and the data were taken from Chris’ utterancesin the five chosen scenes showing the process of Chris’s success in pursuing his happiness in his life. The findings revealed that he mostly followed the maxim of manner and the least was maxim of quality. He also flouted the maxim of quality and the leastwas maxim of manner. From the flouting of the maxims, there was implicature that could be interpreted which was to create a good relation, to get a good chance, and to fulfill Chris’s will to be one employee in Dean Witter Reynolds-Resource Dept. which is the beginning of his success in his life. In conclusion, the flouting of the maxims was part of Chris’s effort in his life that gave contribution to his success, andit is proved through Chris’ utterances in the five chosen scenes.

Along with the development of increasingly sophisticated technology, vessels as means of transportation at sea have progressed a lot. There is a part of activities aboard vessel which determines the effectiveness of every voyage of the vessel which is communication aboard vessel. Communication which occurs intensively and properly leads to effective communication. In radio communication committing flouting maxim of conversation could not be avoided. The radio communication context plays significant role to interpret the meaning of the speech itself. This study aims to determine the conversational implicature used aboard vessel and the flouting maxims which arise especially from the external radio communication. The design of the research was descriptive qualitative in which the data were taken from the radio communication among cadet’s radio communication practice in bridge simulator. The finding shows that the four types of maxim flouting were committed by the duty officers on radio communication. The highest maxim flouted was flouting maxim of quantity as much as 36,3%. The less frequent maxim to be flouted was maxim of manner and quality as much as 18,2%. The other 27,3% was the occurrence of flouting maxim of relevance. The rationales behind the flouting maxims were also revealed in this study to get the knowledge and best practices onboard radio communication.

This qualittaive research is about flouting maxim in Need for Speed movie. Flouting maxim was an action where the participants disobeyed the rule of cooperative principle in conversation. In this research, the researcher focused his research to analyze flouting maxims in Need for Speed movie and their effects in conversation. The research was conducted by accomodating one theory: flouting maxim by Herbert Paul Grice (1975). Grice’s theory determined flouting maxim as follow: flouting maxim of quantity, flouting maxim of quality, flouting maxim of relevant, flouting maxim of manner. Techniques of data collection: downloading Need for Speed movie, watching Need for Speed flouting maxim utterances. The finding of the data analysis showed that there were fifteen data found in Need for Speed movie. From the data, the researcher found flouting maxim of quality (four data), flouting maxim of quantity (two data), flouting maxim of relevant (seven data), and flouting maxim of manner (two data). In addition, the effects of flouting maxim are angry (five data), disappointed (one data), normal (four data), confusion (one data), offense (one data), surprised (one data), suspicious (one data), and disappointed (one data). The researcher expected the next researchers to conduct analysis on conversational maxim with other objectives of research. And different theories.

Cooperative principles theorized by Grice (1975) explained the way people use the language well and efficiently. There are four maxims in order to have achieve connection during conversation which are maxim of quality, maxim of quantity, maxim of relation, and maxim of manner. The fact is people often not follow and disobey the Cooperative principle and flouts maxim, it is called flouting maxim. The aim of this research was to discuss about the types of maxim which were flouted in the movie "White House Down" written by James Vand Erbilt. As the result, there were 15 data found in the research which flouted, maxim of quantity 4 data, maxim of quality 2 data, maxim of manner 5 data, and 4 data maxim of relation.

This research focuses on flouting maxim in Divergent novel which aim is to find the types and the function of flouting maxim. The researchers used descriptive qualitative research because the researchers strived to analyze and discusses the sentences of utterances which performs flouting maxim in Divergent novel. This research uses pragmatic approach which uses Grice’s theory of maxim. The result of this study shows that 21 data which are appropriated with the characteristic of flouting maxim. They consist of 12 flouting maxim of quantity, 2 flouting maxim of quality and 7 flouting maxim of relevance. Based on the data analysis the researchers concluded: the functions for flouting maxim of quantity are to explain more about topic, to stress something and unwillingness to cooperate; the functions for flouting maxim of quality are to show panic, to convince the addressee and to hide something; the functions for flouting maxim of relevance are to change the topic of conversation and to avoid talking about something.

<p>The article is based on a research which aims at 1) finding out how maxims of quantity are flouted in the news interview, 2) what causes it, and 3) the purposes of flouting maxims of quantity in “Exclusive Prabowo Subianto with Dalton Tanonaka”. It is conducted using descriptive qualitative method seen from the point of view of pragmatics. The data are collected by choosing 30 of Prabowo Subianto’s utterances which contain flouting of maxim of quantity. The analysis of the data used interactive model. From 30 utterances analyzed, the speaker flouts the maxim of quantity because the utterances contain more information than is required. The causes of maxim flouting are the speaker’s dissatisfaction, knowledge/fact sharing, and protecting speaker’s self-esteem, while the purposes are the intention of showing off, the desire of avoiding misunderstanding, the silence of speaking partner, and the desire of providing clear information.</p>

Flouting Maxim is intentionally breaking the maxim to convey the hidden meaning and the listener is expected to be able to catch the hidden meaning. In conversation,sometimes people are uncooperativeby breaking the maxim so that it occursmisunderstanding. Therefore, the researcher was interested to analyze flouting maxim by main character in Freedom Writersmovie written by Richard LaGravanesein order to find the types of flouting maxim by using qualitative research and the data were collected through the movie script especially from main character’s utterance which named Erin. Based on findings of the study, the researcher found four flouting maxims such as the flouting maxim of quantity reaches the highest number with 34 data (33.4%) which implied that the main character in the movie gave too little and too much information which was not required,the flouting maxim of relation reaches the second highest number with 29 data (28.4%) which implied that the main character gave the irrelevant utterance and controlled the conversation by changing the topic of conversation, the flouting maxim of quality reaches the third number with 25 data (24.5%)which implied that the main character said which was believed to be false and lacked adequate evidence andthe flouting maxim of manner reaches the lower number with 14 data (13.7%) which implied that the main character in the movie gave ambiguous, unnecessary prolixity and didn’t avoid obscurity.Flouting Maxim is intentionally breaking the maxim to convey the hidden meaning and the listener is expected to be able to catch the hidden meaning. In conversation,sometimes people are uncooperativeby breaking the maxim so that it occursmisunderstanding. Therefore, the researcher was interested to analyze flouting maxim by main character in Freedom Writersmovie written by Richard LaGravanesein order to find the types of flouting maxim by using qualitative research and the data were collected through the movie script especially from main character’s utterance which named Erin. Based on findings of the study, the researcher found four flouting maxims such as the flouting maxim of quantity reaches the highest number with 34 data (33.4%) which implied that the main character in the movie gave too little and too much information which was not required,the flouting maxim of relation reaches the second highest number with 29 data (28.4%) which implied that the main character gave the irrelevant utterance and controlled the conversation by changing the topic of conversation, the flouting maxim of quality reaches the third number with 25 data (24.5%)which implied that the main character said which was believed to be false and lacked adequate evidence andthe flouting maxim of manner reaches the lower number with 14 data (13.7%) which implied that the main character in the movie gave ambiguous, unnecessary prolixity and didn’t avoid obscurity.

This study was intended to investigate, describe and explain how conversational maxims are observed by the Front Office staff at restaurants in Ubud when they handle table reservation and what types of non-observance are committed by the Front Office staff in observing conversational maxims. The subjects were the Front Office staff at restaurants in Ubud district. The data for this naturalistic qualitative study were collected through observation and audio-recording which were then analyzed by using Paul Grice’s (1975) Cooperative Principle theory. In this research, there were 30 conversations of taking table reservation via telephone which were conducted by the front office staff at restaurants in Ubud sub-district when they handle table reservation. Generally, both male and female front office staff produced more observance of maxims than non-observance of maxims. The highest frequency of observance and non-observance of Gricean maxims produced by male front office staff was maxim of quantity (100%), then followed by flouting of maxims (62.5%), and infringing maxims (25%). The highest frequency of observance and non-observance of Gricean maxims produced by female front office staff was maxim of quantity (100%), then followed by flouting of maxims (68.1%), and infringing of maxims (9.0%). Moreover, there was no opting out of maxims and suspending of maxims occurred in the conversation. The utterances were obtained from 30 data in restaurant setting. In general, both male and female front office staff produced more observance of maxims than non-observance of maxims.

In a stand up comedy, the Stand-up comedian or also known as comic have to tell about their restlessness to the audience in a funny way. In order to make the audience laugh, they surely need to make the audience understand the topic being discussed. Concerning to the success of a communication, Paul Grice (19890 proposed four cooperative principles that people expected to follow; maxim of quantity, maxim of quality, maxim of relevance, and maxim of manner (Yule, 1996). However, Attardo claims that disobeying maxims is common in a research of humor (Attardo, 1990). Thus, this study is purposed to compare the flout of maxims done by an Indonesian comic and an American comic, its joke techniques which they employ while flouting maxims to create humorous materials and the reason why they flout certain maxim the most and use certain joke techniques. This study uses descriptive qualitative method to observe the result of flouting maxims in Stand up comedy. The result finding of this study will be in a form of descriptive text. The participants of this study are an Indonesian comic named Abdur Arsyad and an American comic named Kevin Hart. The result of this study finds that the maxims each comics flout the most are different which is influenced by the difference of their nationalities and cultures. Kevin flouts maxim of quantity the most because of the influence of American culture which tend to be direct in communication. Meanwhile, Abdur flouts maxim of quality the most because of the influence of Indonesian culture which tend to be indirect in communication. Even though the maxim they flout the most are different, their flout of maxims are similarly employed all types of joke techniques which contributed to create humor. Their flouts of maxims have employed paralanguage, ridicule, satire, and politeness strategy of joke techniques. The similarity of the joke techniques employed by both comics is influenced by their ethnic background. Abdur Arsyad and Kevin Hart have different nationalities, however they have the same ethnic background. Abdur comes from East side of Indonesia, and Kevin is African-American which both are minority in their countries. Therefore, they employ the same joke telling technique to deliver the jokes. It can also be influenced by their joke materials which are similar. Both of them usually bring up the topic of the restlessness of being minority and about social criticism.

This research studies about flouting maxim in The B.F.G movie. The research concerns on finding the flouting maxims in The B.F.G movie. This research employed mainly descriptive qualitative method to support in interpreting and analysing the data. The data of this research were utterances produced by Sophie and BFG as main characters in The B.F.G movie. The context of the research was the dialogues of the movie. The data sources of this research were The B.F.G and its script. Meanwhile, the primary instrument of this research was the researcher ourselves. The data were collected by downloading the movie and the script, watching the movie, and then collecting the data which reflects the phenomena of maxim flouting. The paper examines the use of flouts in different situations and explores in what situations the different characters flout the maxims for any conversation. The results show that there were 10 flouting maxims of quantity (42%); 10 flouting maxims of relevance (42%); 2 flouting maxims of quality (8%); and 2 flouting maxims of manner (8%). Hence the total number of flouting maxims is 24. These results suggest that the use of flouts has to do with their different personalities and communities.Keywords: Cooperative Principle, Grice’s Maxim, Flouting MaximHow to Cite: Ulfah-1, R.A.A.N.U.-1., Afrilia, R-2. (2018). An Analysis of Fluting Maxim in BFG Movie. Project, X (X), XX-XX. INTRODUCTIONCommunication is a medium to convey meaning from one to another. As stated by Yule (2006) that communication involves word recognition and meaning recognition. There could be hidden intention in some utterances. Failing to recognize those intentions may lead to misunderstanding and even a dispute. Nevertheless, listener is not always to be in guilt. Sometimes in communication, the speaker may provide incomplete or unclear utterance hence the listener found difficulties to comprehend. Thus it is claimed that language as a tool for communication serves as an instrument to maintain a good relationship between the speaker and the hearer. Dealing with language and communication, cooperative principle proposed by Grice serves as means to achieve effective communication. It is described that speakers and listeners must give contribution as required by each other so that both of them may come to the same understanding of the meaning they are trying to convey. Grice elaborates four conversational maxims: maxim of relevance, maxim of quantity, maxim of quality, and maxim of manner. During conversation, speakers may break the rule of the maxims. The flouting of the maxims may occur in daily life or in movies. Movies as one of literary works mostly functions to entertain the audience. The flouting maxims in movies may be intentionally created to achieve the purpose of entertaining. The BFG is one fantasy adventure film released in 2016 by Walt Disney. It tells about the journey of two different species, a human (Sophie) and a giant (that Sophie called Big Friendly Giant). Since they are from different group of communities, their communication may run ineffective. This study aims at analyzing the flouting maxims occurred in The BFG movie.The Cooperative Principle Cooperative Principle is the basic principle in pragmatics. The Cooperative Principle is principle of conversation that was proposed by Grice. He called The Cooperative Principle as when we try to talk to be cooperative by elevating. He says, “make your conversational contribution such as is required, at the stage at which it occurs, by the accepted purpose or direction of talk exchange in which you are engaged.” Within this principle, he intended four maxims.(Grundy, 1998) (in Ginarsih, 2014)Grice’s MaximMaxim of RelevanceMaxim of relation: This maxim may seem clear in the first look but as Grice himself mentioned it is very difficult to define it exactly: "Though the maxim itself is terse, its formulation conceals a number of problems that exercise me a good deal: questions about what different kinds and focuses of relevance there may be, how these shift in the course of a talk exchange, how to allow for the fact that subjects of conversations are legitimately changed, and so on. I find the treatment of such questions exceedingly difficult, and I hope to revert to them in later work." Grice ( in Kheirabadi, 2012).Maxim of Quantity Maxim of quantity requires that participants of a conversation give their contribution as is required in terms of the quantity of information. To say beyond the quantity of information needed in the conversation is to break the maxim. In making their contribution to the conventional talk, participants should gauge the amount information that is really sought for and give it as much as is necessary. They should not make their contribution either more informative or less informative. (Seken, n.d.2015)Maxim of QualityMaxim of quality requires conventional participants to say things that are true or things that they believe to be true. That is, they do not say anything than they believe to be false or anything of which they do not have any evidence. In other words, to comply with this maxim, a speaker in a conventional exchange must speak on the basis of facts, or he/she must have factual evidence by which to sufficiently support what he/she says as truth. (Seken, n.d.2015)Maxim of Manner Utterances may conform to the maxims or may disobey them by infringing, opting out, and flouting or violating. The infringement of the maxims is because of the speaker‟s imperfect knowledge of linguistic. When speakers decided to be uncooperative, they opt out of observing the maxims. ( Thomas 1995 in Jafari, 2013) Maxim Flouting Flouting a maxim is the case when a speaker purposefully disobeys a maxim at the level of what is said with the deliberate intention of generating an implicature. In this case, the speaker’s choice not to observe the maxim by the words he/she utters may be related to the some motive (such as politeness, style of speaking, etc.) (Seken, n.d.2015).According to Thomas (1995:64 in Mohammed & Alduais, 2012) flouting a maxim occurs where a participant in a conversation chooses to ignore one or more of the maxims by using a conversational implicature. Ignoring maxims by using conversational implicatures means that the participant adds meaning to the literal meaning of the utterance. He further explains the conversational implicature that is added when flouting is not intended to deceive the recipient of the conversation, but the purpose is to make the recipient look for other meaning. Moreover Black (2006:25 in Mohammed & Alduais, 2012) explains that a speaker who flouts maxims is actually aware of the Cooperative Principles and the maxims. In other words, it is not only about the maxims that are broken down but that the speaker chooses an indirect way to achieve the cooperation of the communication.Types of Flouting Maxim In ( Grice’s theory in Nur & Fatmawati, 2015) there are four types of maxim flouting. They are quantity maxim flouting, quality maxim flouting, relevance maxim flouting, and manner maxim flouting. Quantity Maxim FloutingWhen a speaker flouts the maxims under the category of Quantity, she/he blatantly gives either more or less information than the situation demands.For example: A : The other giants. Are they nice, like you a nice?B : No, I regret to say that the guys would eat you alive bite. My twenty four foot, but not in Giant country, and that's where you are. In Giants country now.In the example above, it is not appropriate, because when A asks the B about another giant, B does not answer according to the question. He give more information that not needed by A.Quality Maxim Flouting Thomas (in Fami 2015:15) said that flout maxim of quality occur when the speaker say something which is blatantly untrue or for which he/she lack adequate evidence.For example:A : Not as it happens to me, it is most terrible speakB : Well, I think you speak beautifullyIn the example above, B say untrue or lie. She do this, because she doesn’t want B sad with his speaking.Relevance Maxim FloutingFlouting of maxim relevance, (Ginarsih 2014, n.d.) said that by changing the subject or by failing the address the topic directly is encountered very frequently. For example:A : You mean of my life. For the rest of my life?B : Hey, do not you cold?In this case B did not answer according to the question, B changes the topic of conversation. Manner Maxim FloutingAccording to (Ginarsih 2014, n.d.) The maxim under the category of manner is exploited by giving ambiguity and obscure expressions, failure to be brief and orderly. It is often trying to exclude a third party, as in this sort of exchange between husband and wife.A : Where are you off to?B : I was thinking of going out to get some of that funny white stuff for somebody.A : OK, but don’t be long – dinner is nearly readyB speaks in an ambiguous way, saying “that funny white stuff” and“somebody”, because he is avoiding saying “ice cream” and “her/his Daugther”, so that his little daughter does not become excited and ask for the ice cream before her meal. Sometimes the speakers play with words to heighten the ambiguity, in order to make a point.Movie(Chandra Yuliasman 2014) Movie is happen based on script, but it reflect to our daily life activity mostly. That is why the researcher interested to use movie as media to increase the researcher understanding about flouting maxim. Movie also affect masses in childhood and youth. Movie is also called a film or motion picture, is a series of still or moving images. Based on the theories above, the researcher chose “The BFG (Big Friendly Giant)” as the object of the research.The B.F.GThe B.F.G is a 2016 American fantasy adventure film directed and produced by Steven Spielberg, written by Melissa Mathison and based on the 1982 novel of the same name by Roald Dahl. In the film, an orphan human girl be friends a benevolent giant, dubbed the "Big Friendly Giant", who takes her to Giant Country, where they attempt to stop the man-eating giants that are invading the human world. The writers chose The B.F.G, because in the film contain about friendship and courage, in that movie also have morality and ethics quotes. Steven Spielberg is known for his quality films, such as Jurrasic Park. He has also received three Oscars, and received a Life Achievement Award from the American Film Institute (AFI). Steven hooked some Hollywood actresses to play in the movie B.F.G, such as: Mark Rylance (B.F.G), Ruby Barnhill (Sophie), Penelope Wilton, Jemani Clement, Rebecca Hall, Rafe Spall, and Bill Hader. Steven Spielberg films this In the premiere of premiere The BFG managed to triumph in the Top 10 Box Office by collecting revenues of USD 31 million. Although not a chance to taste the top of the Box Office but The BFG still loved by his fans, especially for lovers of fantasy and adventure movies.METHODThis research uses a descriptive qualitative method to analyse the flouting maxim in The B.F.G movie directed by Steven Spielberg. According to Holloway (in Nur & Fatmawati, n.d.) qualitative research is a form of social inquiry focusing on the interpretation of experience and the world by people.” Therefore, this research is conducted systematically through the technique of data collecting and data analysis. The data are taken from the script, the writers analysed of flouting maxim of quantity, maxim of quality, maxim of relation, and maxim of manner based on Grice’s theories, being used to choose the most frequently method among them, the writer used percentage category based on Multihajz’s formula, in Selvia (2014) as follows: P = Percentage F = Frequency n = Number of Maxims RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONResultsThere are 24 conversations from 100 conversations that found in The B.F.G Movie between the main characters, Sophie and B.F.G that flouted the Grice’s cooperative principle. They flouted the maxim of quantity, the maxim of quality, the maxim of relation, and the maxim of manner. In the calculation the writers employed percentage technique as described below:Table 1The Classification of Maxim:NoTypes of MaximQuantityPercentage1.The Maxim of Quantity1042 %2. The Maxim of Quality28 %3The Maxim of Relevance1042 %4The Maxim of Manner28 %Total24100 %From the classification above, it could be seen clearly that among four types of maxim in conversation between the main characters, Sophie and B.F.G in “The B.F.G” Movie, the maxim of Quantity and Relevance were the most identifiable types. First is Quantity. There are 10 conversations or cover 42 %. The second was the maxim of Relevance; there are 10 conversations or cover 42 %. The third was maxim of Quality; there are 2 conversations or cover 8 %. The fourth was the maxim of Manner; there are 2 conversations or cover 8 %. Based on the table above, here are the explanations of each maxim that the main character, Sophie and B.F.G flouted in The B.F.G Movie. The maxim of quantitySophie : The other giants. Are they nice, like you a nice?B.F.G : No, I regret to say that the guys would eat you alive bite. My twenty four foot, but not in Giant country, and that's where you are. In Giants country now.Analysis: It is not appropriate, because when Sophie asks the BFG about another giant, the BFG does not answer according to the question. He give more information that not needed by Sophie.Sophie : We can’t have secrets. I'll tell you mine. I sneak around at night too, and that still sometimes theft and lying. So I’m alone at the time. I've never had a best friend, I told you all thatB.F.G : We got over.Analysis: The BFG did not give the right reasons to reply to a statement from Sophie.Sophie : You should not let them treat you like that. You should notB.F.G : Live with nine giant eats beans. They take so I return. Murmur good dreams. It's what I can do, I do something. I do something.Analysis: The BFG ignored Sophie’s suggestion of another giant treating the BFG badly and he changed the subject.Sophie : No I’m not.B.F.G : Yes you here. If you are a human being and human being is a strawberry cream for giants. They are the prey of those giants out there, so you stay in a nice safe place right here. Analysis: BFG answer does not fit with the context of the conversation at that time.B.F.G : Someone called me a big, friendly giant. How should I call you? Sophie : My name is SophieAnalysis: Sophie does not understand about a nickname, so she just answers with her name only "Sophie".B.F.G: So you're an orphan?Sophie: Yes. You took me to an orphanage. You did not know?Analysis: Sophie did not give the right reasons to reply to a statement from B.F.G.B.F.G: I did not know that. Are you happy there?Sophie: No! I hate that. The lady who runs it is incompetent and she’s crazy rules and you get punish a lot.Analysis: In this conversation, Sophie should answer yes or no , because the question is are you happy there ?.Sophie : Being is not be ing .What is that green thing ?B.F.G : Frobscuttel. All giant drink frobscottel.Analysis: BFG answer does not fit with the context of the conversation at that time.Sophie : Where are you going now ?B.F.G : A dreams blow .It's what I do next.Analysis: BFG answer does not fit with the context of the conversation at that time. In this conversation Sophie asks where, it means that ask about place.Sophie : But why did you bring me here? Why did you take me?B.F.G : I had did to take you, because the first thing you, you would do spread the news you actually saw a giant and then there would be a big fuss and all human beans would be looking for the giant dresses all excited, and then I would be locked up in a cage to look at me with all the noisy hypo-fat and crocodiles and giraffes. And then there would be a huge hunt for all the boy giantsAnalysis: The BFG gives too much give reason to Sophie, should the BFG give Sophie a simple and precise reason for the question.The maxim of RelevanceSophie : Then, who are you? What kind of monster are you?B.F.G : You as me wrongAnalysis: BFG does not honestly reply to Shopie that he is a giant kind.Sophie : You mean of my life. For the rest of my life. B.F.G : Hey, do not you cold?Analysis: BFG did not answer according to the questionSophie : What did you work? B.F.G : And now she asks me to tell you very big secrets.Analysis: BFG did not answer according to the questionSophie : Flesh head ,he comes to eat me, my blood will be on your hands. B.F.G : Everything about you going against my better judgment.Analysis: BFG tries to make Shopie calm by diverting the conversationSophie : Look at all the stars! B.F.G : Often when it is clear I hear distant music living of the stars in the skyAnalysis: When Shopie wants to show something, BFG answer it with things that are not appropriate.Sophie: Really? B.F.G : You think I'm kidding, right? Analysis: BFG should simply answer "yes" or "no".Sophie : Are there bad dreams here too? B.F.G : It will a TrogglehumperAnalysis: BFG did not answer the question correctly.Sophie : Make them all happy. BFG, your father and your mother taught you about dreams? B.F.G : The Giants do not have mothers or fathers. Analysis: BFG should simply answer “has” or “has not”.Sophie : What is the Sophie’s dream? B.F.G : A golden Phizzwizard. I had not seen in a while. Analysis: BFG does not explain what dreams Sophie will experience.Sophie : You snapped me.B..F.G : Well, you are right. After all, you're just a little thing. I can’t help thinking what your poor mother and father must be …Analysis: BFG should simply answer "yes" and "no", and not discuss the unnecessaryThe maxim of QualityB.F.G : You do, you really do?Sophie : Simply beautifully.Analysis: In this situation of conversation, Sophie gives untrue respond to B.F.G or she lies, because she didn’t want make B.F.G sad with B.F.G’s sentence.B.F.G : Not as it happens to me, it is most terrible speak.Sophie : Well, I think you speak beautifully.Analysis: In this conversation, Sophie say untrue or lie. She did it, because she didn’t want B.F.G sad with his statement.The maxim of mannerSophie : Blood bottler ? B.F.G : Yes and butcherSophie : The butcher. Please don’t eat me.Analysis: BFG does not explain in detail about Bottler.Sophie : But then I wake up.B.F.G : And you wake up.Sophie : But not here.Analysis: There is no alignment in the conversationDiscussionThe writer found total numbers of flouting maxim that produce by main character in “The B.F.G” movie those were 24 utterances. Then divided into four types of flouting, they were quality which had 10 data or 42%, quantity had 2 data or 8%, relevance had 10 data or 42% and manner had 2 data or 8%. Thus the most frequent category of flouting maxim produce is the main character was maxim of quality and maxim of relevance. It means that in this movie, The BFG tended to conduct his flouted utterance for move the conversations. CONCLUSIONThe aim of this research is to find out the flouting maxim by the main characters in “The B.F.G” movie. The result show the most frequent category of flouting maxim by the main character was quality and relevance. It indicates that based on the maxim of quantity, there are some conversations that giving more or less information. Based on the semantics theory it is wrong, because giving more information than the need is flouting the maxim of quantity. For the maxim of relevance, there are some conversations that are not relevance, it is related with Ginarsih statement relevance maxim flouting by changing the subject or by failing the address the topic directly is encountered very frequently. There are only two flouting maxims of quality and manner was less frequent. It indicates mostly the conversation in The B.F.G movie is cooperative. It is different with the previous study, from Iniyanti, A et.al (2014) they found two flouting maxims, there are: maxim of relation and maxim of manner. And from Al-Qaderi (2015) he found that the maxim of quantity was most frequently flouted.After the research, the researcher took a conclusion that even the famous movie, the flouting maxims are can’t be avoid. ACKNOWLEDGMENTSPlace Acknowledgments, including information on the source of any financial support received for the work being published. Place Acknowledgments, including information on the source of any financial support received for the work being published.

This article is devoted to analyze verbal interactions inOleanna[1993] within Grice’s Cooperative Principles [1975] in order to illustrate how the shift of power gradually takes place in the academic discourse of the play. Maxims of this principle are applied on John’s utterances in the first act on which the foundation of asymmetric relationship is laid. As expected within Grice’s framework, the breaching of maxims, besides their observation, is performed by John through four ways of violating, opting out, clashing and flouting. The conversational implicaturs consequently generating from the flouting of some maxims, most frequently of quality, and quantity, conflict with Carol’s assumptions about the state of professorship in academic context which motivate her for gaining power. The study, thereby, aims to demonstrate how clashing and flouting of maxims by John make him weak to Carol’s new voice and culminate in reversal in teacher-student relationship in the play.

This study has investigated three Surahs from the Holy Quran, translated into English by Arberry (1955), in terms of the Politeness Principle proposed by Leech (1983). The study aimed to investigate the kinds of politeness maxims employed by the characters in the three Surahs in question. The intentions of the speakers in observing or flouting each of Leech&rsquo;s politeness maxims have been categorized, including six maxims of the Politeness Principle: tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, agreement maxim, and sympathy maxim. The research had applied a mixed-methods approach in analyzing the obtained data. The data consisted of the utterances uttered by the characters in the three Surahs. After collecting the data, the data classified into six maxims of the Politeness Principle. Then, several conclusions had been drawn based on the research findings. The results of the study showed that the characters used six maxims: tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, agreement maxim, and sympathy maxim. Finally, the findings indicated that three maxims had been flouted by the characters: tact maxim, generosity maxim, and agreement maxim.

AbstractIn running daily activities, people will always meet and interact with other people, and language is a medium that is used by humans to interact with each other. In a conversation or discussion, everyone should pay attention to the four maxims in order that there are no errors in communication. However, it is not uncommon that the four rules above are breached by the speakers. This is called non-observance of the maxims, and one of a non-observance of the maxims that often occurs in is flouting maxim. The aims of this paper are to describe types of maxims that are flouted by Sherlock Holmes and dr. Watson as well as to describe how the maxims are flouted in Sherlock TV series season 1. This research used qualitative descriptive method. The researcher classifies the utterances to know what kind of maxim which are flouted, categorizes those into the category based on the Grice’s theory of Cooperative Principle, namely: maxim of quantity, quality, relation and manner. The research procedure begin by searching the script in the internet, matching the utterances in the script and in film and sorting the utterances between Sherlock Holmes and dr. Watson as well observing every word or sentence which are flouted by the main characters. The findings find that all kinds of maxims are flouted by Sherlock and dr. Watson. The result of analysis shows that the maxim flouted when the speakers say something irrelevant; something roguishness or lied to hide the truth in the form of rhetorical question; the information becomes more or too informative than what is required; and something obscurity of expression, ambiguity, or unnecessary prolixity.

‘Humour’ in the stories has been investigated in many ways while the prominence of the studies has been captured by the pragmatic analyses. The emergence of humour through language is an interesting conversational implicature that has attracted the academic interest in the recent past. This phenomenon is closely looked at using randomly selected ten stories of Udurawana in this article by applying the Grice’s theory of Conversational Implicature (CI) and the Conventional Theory of Humour in order to examine the ways of generating humour in the context of Grice’s theory by revealing the types of maxims flouted in the selected sample. The study concludes that the maxim mostly flouted in these joke stories is quality and sometimes two or three maxims flouted in a single-story on the surface level but at the deep level quality is the only maxim flouted in all stories under consideration while no evidence found to prove any violation of maxims. The previous conclusions made by the researchers in terms of maxim flouting and violation in the jokes are also not so certain in comparing with the findings of the present study. The study has found out that the humour aspect of almost all the stories under consideration is incongruity while all the stories have associated the particularized conversational implicature to produce the humour aspects. The study has further established that the Udurawana’s humour stories as intended humour stories in which the humour emerges by flouting maxims but not by violating maxims as previous researchers have concluded.

Sitcoms provide entertainment, one of which is through humour. Using Grice�s (1975) non-observance of Cooperative Principles � flouting, violating, infringing, opting out, and suspending as framework for analysis, this study aims to investigate whether the non-observance of Grice�s (1975) maxims can contribute to the humorous effects seen in the Chinese sitcom �Home with Kids (Season 4)�. Specifically, this study aims to detect which of the maxims play an important role in creating humour. Data were compiled from 96 episodes of the show. A comparison of the non-observance was made before findings were qualitatively presented. The findings revealed that flouting and violating were used most frequently to create humour. The outcome of this study will have beneficial effects for L2 learners of Mandarin by enabling them to comprehend Chinese humour. The implications derived from this study suggest that humour may be created differently due to cultural differences.��Keywords: Chinese sitcoms, humour, flouting, violation, non-observance, maxims

This study aims to analyze the types of implicature and flouting maxims and the reasons for doing the flouting in Taliwang Dialect. It applied the descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data was collected by recording natural conversations among the natives of Taliwang Dialect. It was found two types of implicature, namely, Generalized Conversational Implicature (GCI) and Particularized Conversational Implicatures (PCI). In GCI, the speaker and interlocutor could easily understand the conveyed utterances because they mostly used general statements which are commonly spoken in the Taliwang dialect. In PCI, both speaker and the interlocutor needed a particular knowledge to understand each other because of the flouting maxim. Some speakers or hearers in PCI often break the maxim in a conversation due to some reasons such as accepting untrue or lie information, receiving more information than the needed information, getting irrelevant information and having unclear or ambiguous information.

Maxim is one of the aspects studied in pragmatics, a relatively new field in linguistics. It is used in social interactions, especially in the form of conversations. In this study, the researchers conducted maxim analysis in an EFL class. The research data were collected from the WhatsApp-group communication of an online class in the English language education department of a public university in Central Java. This study employed a qualitative descriptive design using pragmatic analysis as its framework. There are maxim of quantity, maxim of quality, maxim of manner and maxim of relevance. The result shows that there were 22 occurrences of maxim of quantity with 5 cases of flouting of the maxim. Then, 28 occurrences belonged to maxim of quality and the researchers did not find any flouting of the maxim. Next, 26 occurrences were labelled as maxim of relevance with 2 cases of flouting of the maxim. Besides that, 22 occurrences were categorized as maxim of manner with 3 cases of flouting of the maxim. In general, 110 maxim occurrences were identified from 16 conversations recorded in this research.

The only way to be successful now days in every field of life is the effective use of verbal expression. Language serves as a toolkit to inform, reveal, explore, expose, explain, manipulate, exaggerate, intensify, mitigate and what not. It has every hidden potential to serve its users. Significance of this toolkit of language can also be a bravura feature in gaining comic and/or tragic effects in media. The language of the media violates its few communicative principles which can be termed as Gricean cooperative principle, to serve the specific interests via playing upon the common use of language. The present study explores the intricacies involved in any communication to achieve comic effects. For this purpose, Gricean maxims have been investigated thoroughly with the help of Pakistani comedy show “Bulbulay” which is a famous TV series all over the country. The TV series is considered to be popular among the masses due to its different and unique language that is achieved by flouting the maxims in Gricean’s terminology. The study explains the inimitable ways of achieving comic effects in series and also suggests further work on other areas regarding the unusual use of language to achieve desired results.

This research aim to analyze the maxim flouting that were flouted by the characters in the Coco movie script based on Grice’s cooperative principle. This research used descriptive qualitative method to support in analyzing the data. The data sources of this research were the coco movie and its script. The data were accumulated by downloading the Coco movie and script, watching the movie, and collecting the data from the script. The data analysis was conducted by organizing the data into narration, analyzing the data, and make the conclusion. The result of this research showed what types of maxim were flouted in the movie. The results of this research show that the maxim flouted 11 times in the whole dialogue of the movie. The maxim quantity flouted 5 times or 45%. The maxim of relation flouted 3 times or 27%. The maxim of quality flouted 1 times or 10%. The maxim of manner flouted 2 times or 18%. The most dominant maxim flouting is quantity maxim flouting.Keywords: Cooperative principle, Flouting Maxim, Coco Movie

This article discusses about conversational implicature that occurs in Peanuts comic strips. The objectives of this study are to find out the implied meaning in the conversation between Charlie Brown with Lucy van Pelt and Lucy van Pelt with Linus van Pelt to evaluate the existence of maxim flouting and maxim violating in those conversations in relation to the four maxims such as quantity, quality, relation, and manner. Likewise, this study attempts to find out the reason for using conversational implicature in a comic strip. The writers uses a qualitative method with library research concerning to Grice’s maxim theory to analyze the conversational implicature. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that all the comics that comprise 14 comics generate conversational implicature since all the characters breach rules of maxim. The result of this analysis shows that flouting maxim of manner has the highest occurrence of conversational implicature and the least occurrences belong to flouting maxim of relation and violating maxim of quantity. Moreover, the writers concludes that to make a successful communication ideally the speaker and the hearer to cooperate in the conversation by saying explicitly so the hearer can grasp the meaning as the goal of communication is to deliver a message to the hearer.

This philosophical-pragmatic paper discusses several forms of irony which rest on other figures of speech contingent on overt untruthfulness, namely the figures arising as a result of flouting the first maxim of Quality. It is argued that an ironic implicature may be piggybacked on another implicature, called “as if implicature”, originating from flouting the first maxim of Quality occasioned by metaphor. Metaphorical irony, which is subject to the irony-after-metaphor order of interpretation, exhibits a number of manifestations depending on the nature and scope of irony, and the scope of the subordinate metaphor. On the other hand, rather than giving rise to an as if implicature distinct from the irony-based one, hyperbole and meiosis, which are inherently evaluative, most typically overlap with ironically evaluative expressions, promoting meiotic and hyperbolic irony, frequently (wrongly, as will be claimed here) considered by researchers to rely on flouting Quantity maxims. However, cases of independent use of hyperbole or meiosis in ironic environment are also possible. Such invite two levels of untruthfulness and two implicatures.

The present study concerns with the fl outing maxim occurred<br />in EFL classroom interaction. It was aimed at investigating how<br />the conversational implicatures especially fl outing maxim are be-<br />ing formed in teacher and students dialog during EFL teaching and<br />learning process. The present study used qualitative approach. The<br />data taken from teacher and students interaction in EFL classroom<br />are being transcribed and analyzed by categorizing utterances based<br />on the fl outing of maxim theory proposed by H.P. Grice. Based on<br />the data analysis, it has been discovered that during the conversa-<br />tion, all speakers happen to be successful in observing maxims. The<br />proportion of non-observance maxim is only 2%. Sorts of maxim<br />that is fl outed by speaker are maxim of quantity, quality and man-<br />ner. The fl out of maxim is done by students because of their lack<br />of linguistic and actional competence.