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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Forest-Atmosphere exchanges"

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Publicado: 21 de diciembre de 2024
Última modificación: 31 de julio de 2025

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1

Serra-Neto, Edivaldo M., Hardiney S. Martins, Cléo Q. Dias-Júnior, et al. "Simulation of the Scalar Transport above and within the Amazon Forest Canopy." Atmosphere 12, no. 12 (2021): 1631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12121631.

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The parallelized large-eddy simulation model (PALM) was used to understand better the turbulent exchanges of a passive scalar above and within a forested region located in the central Amazon. Weak (2 ms−1) and strong (6 ms−1) wind conditions were simulated. A passive scalar source was introduced to the forest floor for both simulations. The simulations reproduced the main characteristics of the turbulent flow and of the passive scalar transport between the forest and the atmosphere. Noteworthily, strong and weak wind conditions presented different turbulence structures that drove different pat
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2

Wiedinmyer, Christine, Michael Barlage, Mukul Tewari, and Fei Chen. "Meteorological Impacts of Forest Mortality due to Insect Infestation in Colorado." Earth Interactions 16, no. 2 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011ei419.1.

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Abstract Physical characteristics of forests and other ecosystems control land–atmosphere exchanges of water and energy and partly dictate local and regional meteorology. Insect infestation and resulting forest dieback can alter these characteristics and, further, modify land–atmosphere exchanges. In the past decade, insect infestation has led to large-scale forest mortality in western North America. This study uses a high-resolution mesoscale meteorological model coupled with a detailed land surface model to investigate the sensitivity of near-surface variables to insect-related forest mortal
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3

Pinheiro, Di Angelo Matos, Cléo Quaresma Dias-Júnior, Leonardo Deane de Abreu Sá, and Antonio Ocimar Manzi. "Usando a altura do ponto de inflexão no perfil do vento para a obtenção de perfis adimensionais acima da floresta amazônica." Ciência e Natura 42 (August 28, 2020): e24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x53225.

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The most turbulent vortices that populate the forest-atmosphere interface have canopy height length scales. These vortices are mainly responsible for turbulent exchanges between inside and above canopy region. Thus, we used the vertical wind profiles obtained by 10 anemometers installed inside and above the forest canopy of the Rebio-Jarú experimental site, in the Amazon Rainforest. A third degree polynomial function was developed to better fit the wind profile and therefore estimate the inflection point height of the vertical wind profile (zi) a length scale associated with wind shear (Ls), a
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4

Smallman, T. L., J. B. Moncrieff, and M. Williams. "WRFv3.2-SPAv2: development and validation of a coupled ecosystem–atmosphere model, scaling from surface fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub> and energy to atmospheric profiles." Geoscientific Model Development 6, no. 4 (2013): 1079–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-1079-2013.

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Abstract. The Weather Research and Forecasting meteorological (WRF) model has been coupled to the Soil–Plant–Atmosphere (SPA) terrestrial ecosystem model, to produce WRF-SPA. SPA generates realistic land–atmosphere exchanges through fully coupled hydrological, carbon and energy cycles. The addition of a~land surface model (SPA) capable of modelling biospheric CO2 exchange allows WRF-SPA to be used for investigating the feedbacks between biosphere carbon balance, meteorology, and land use and land cover change. We have extensively validated WRF-SPA using multi-annual observations of air tempera
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5

Smallman, T. L., J. B. Moncrieff, and M. Williams. "WRFv3.2-SPAv2: development and validation of a coupled ecosystem-atmosphere model, scaling from surface fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub> and energy to atmospheric profiles." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 6, no. 1 (2013): 1559–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-6-1559-2013.

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Abstract. The Weather Research &amp;amp; Forecasting meteorological (WRF) model has been coupled to the Soil Plant Atmosphere (SPA) terrestrial ecosystem model, to produce WRF-SPA. SPA generates realistic land-atmosphere exchanges through fully coupled hydrological, carbon and energy cycles. The addition of a land surface model (SPA) capable of modelling biospheric CO2 exchange allows WRF-SPA to be used for investigating the feedbacks between biosphere carbon balance, meteorology and land management/land use change. We have extensively validated WRF-SPA using multi-annual observations of air t
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6

Barr, Jordan G., Vic Engel, José D. Fuentes, et al. "Controls on mangrove forest-atmosphere carbon dioxide exchanges in western Everglades National Park." Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 115, G2 (2010): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009jg001186.

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7

Savage, K., T. R. Moore, and P. M. Crill. "Methane and carbon dioxide exchanges between the atmosphere and northern boreal forest soils." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 102, no. D24 (1997): 29279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97jd02233.

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8

Lamaux, E., A. Labatut, J. Fontan, A. Lopez, A. Druilhet, and Y. Brunet. "Biosphere atmosphere exchanges: Ozone and aerosol dry deposition velocities over a pine forest." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 31-31, no. 1-2 (1994): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00547194.

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9

Abril, Adriana B., Patricia A. Torres, and Enrique H. Bucher. "The importance of phyllosphere microbial populations in nitrogen cycling in the Chaco semi-arid woodland." Journal of Tropical Ecology 21, no. 1 (2005): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467404001981.

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In tropical rain forest, the interface between leaf surfaces and the atmosphere is a fundamental pathway for nutrient cycling (particulary nitrogen), possibly even more important than the soil–plant interface (Parker 1994, Silver et al. 1996). Most important nutrient exchanges in the phyllosphere–atmosphere interface are mediated by microbial populations. For example, some authors have considered that nitrogen fixation in the phyllosphere is the main mechanism for nitrogen gain in humid tropical ecosystems, because of the substantial nutrient demand resulting from a high plant productivity and
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10

Lamaud, E., Y. Brunet, A. Labatut, A. Lopez, J. Fontan, and A. Druilhet. "The Landes experiment: Biosphere-atmosphere exchanges of ozone and aerosol particles above a pine forest." Journal of Geophysical Research 99, no. D8 (1994): 16511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94jd00668.

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11

King, Gary M., and M. Hungria. "Soil-Atmosphere CO Exchanges and Microbial Biogeochemistry of CO Transformations in a Brazilian Agricultural Ecosystem." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, no. 9 (2002): 4480–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.68.9.4480-4485.2002.

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ABSTRACT Although anthropogenic land use has major impacts on the exchange of soil and atmosphere gas in general, relatively little is known about its impacts on carbon monoxide. We compared soil-atmosphere CO exchanges as a function of land use, crop type, and tillage treatment on an experimental farm in Parãna, Brazil, that is representative of regionally important agricultural ecosystems. Our results showed that cultivated soils consumed CO at rates between 3 and 6 mg of CO m−2 day−1, with no statistically significant effect of tillage method or crop. However, CO exchange for a pasture soi
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12

Eerdekens, G., L. Ganzeveld, J. Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, et al. "Flux estimates of isoprene, methanol and acetone from airborne PTR-MS measurements over the tropical rainforest during the GABRIEL 2005 campaign." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 8, no. 4 (2008): 12903–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-8-12903-2008.

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Abstract. Tropical forests are a strong source of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) to the atmosphere and such emissions can impact the atmospheric oxidation capacity. Here we present airborne and ground-based BVOC measurements performed during the long dry season in October 2005 during the GABRIEL (Guyanas Atmosphere-Biosphere exchange and Radicals Intensive Experiment with the Learjet) project, which covered a large area of the northern Amazonian rainforest (6–3° N, 50–59° W). The vertical (35 m to 10 km) and diurnal (09:00–16:00) profiles of selected BVOCs like isoprene, its oxida
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13

Pastorelli, Roberta, Isabella De Meo, and Alessandra Lagomarsino. "The Necrobiome of Deadwood: The Life after Death." Ecologies 4, no. 1 (2022): 20–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecologies4010003.

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In recent decades, sustainable forest management has been increasingly recognized, promoting the diffusion of silvicultural practices aimed at considering all components of the forest system. Deadwood is an important component of the forest ecosystem. It plays a fundamental role in providing nutrients and habitats for a wide variety of saprotrophic and heterotrophic organisms and significantly contributes to soil formation and carbon storage. Deadwood is inhabited by a plethora of organisms from various kingdoms that have evolved the ability to utilize decaying organic matter. This community,
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14

Moreaux, Virginie, Simon Martel, Alexandre Bosc, et al. "Energy, water and carbon exchanges in managed forest ecosystems: description, sensitivity analysis and evaluation of the INRAE GO+ model, version 3.0." Geoscientific Model Development 13, no. 12 (2020): 5973–6009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-5973-2020.

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Abstract. The mechanistic model GO+ describes the functioning and growth of managed forests based upon biophysical and biogeochemical processes. The biophysical and biogeochemical processes included are modelled using standard formulations of radiative transfer, convective heat exchange, evapotranspiration, photosynthesis, respiration, plant phenology, growth and mortality, biomass nutrient content, and soil carbon dynamics. The forest ecosystem is modelled as three layers, namely the tree overstorey, understorey and soil. The vegetation layers include stems, branches and foliage and are parti
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15

Fang, H., G. Yu, S. Cheng, et al. "Effects of multiple environmental factors on CO<sub>2</sub> emission and CH<sub>4</sub> uptake from old-growth forest soils." Biogeosciences Discussions 6, no. 4 (2009): 7821–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-6-7821-2009.

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Abstract. To assess contribution of multiple environmental factors to actual carbon exchanges between the atmosphere and forest soils, four old-growth forests referred to as boreal coniferous forest, temperate needle-broadleaved mixed forest, subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest and tropical seasonal rain forest were selected along the eastern China. In each old-growth forest, soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes were measured for three years using the static chamber and gas chromatography technique. Soil temperature and moisture at the 10 cm depth were measured simultaneously with the greenhouse gas m
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16

Arain, M. A., T. A. Black, A. G. Barr, et al. "Effects of seasonal and interannual climate variability on net ecosystem productivity of boreal deciduous and conifer forests." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32, no. 5 (2002): 878–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x01-228.

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The response of net ecosystem productivity (NEP) and evaporation in a boreal aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) forest and a black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) forest in Canada was compared using a newly developed realistic model of surface-atmosphere exchanges of carbon dioxide (CO2), water vapor, and energy as well as eddy covariance flux measurements made over a 6-year period (1994-1999). The model was developed by incorporating a process-based two-leaf (sunlit and shaded) canopy conductance and photosynthesis submodel in the Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS). A simple submodel of
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17

Ruiz-Pérez, Guiomar, Samuli Launiainen, and Giulia Vico. "Role of Plant Traits in Photosynthesis and Thermal Damage Avoidance under Warmer and Drier Climates in Boreal Forests." Forests 10, no. 5 (2019): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10050398.

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In the future, boreal forests will face warmer and in some cases drier conditions, potentially resulting in extreme leaf temperatures and reduced photosynthesis. One potential and still partially unexplored avenue to prepare boreal forest for future climates is the identification of plant traits that may support photosynthetic rates under a changing climate. However, the interplay among plant traits, soil water depletion and the occurrence of heat stress has been seldom explored in boreal forests. Here, a mechanistic model describing energy and mass exchanges among the soil, plant and atmosphe
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18

Horemans, Joanna A., Alexandra Henrot, Christine Delire, et al. "Combining multiple statistical methods to evaluate the performance of process-based vegetation models across three forest stands." Central European Forestry Journal 63, no. 4 (2017): 153–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/forj-2017-0025.

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AbstractProcess-based vegetation models are crucial tools to better understand biosphere-atmosphere exchanges and ecophysiological responses to climate change. In this contribution the performance of two global dynamic vegetation models, i.e. CARAIB and ISBACC, and one stand-scale forest model, i.e. 4C, was compared to long-term observed net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE) time series from eddy covariance monitoring stations at three old-grown European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest stands. Residual analysis, wavelet analysis and singular spectrum analysis were used beside conventional scal
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19

Napoly, Adrien, Aaron Boone, Patrick Samuelsson, et al. "The interactions between soil–biosphere–atmosphere (ISBA) land surface model multi-energy balance (MEB) option in SURFEXv8 – Part 2: Introduction of a litter formulation and model evaluation for local-scale forest sites." Geoscientific Model Development 10, no. 4 (2017): 1621–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-1621-2017.

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Abstract. Land surface models (LSMs) need to balance a complicated trade-off between computational cost and complexity in order to adequately represent the exchanges of energy, water and matter with the atmosphere and the ocean. Some current generation LSMs use a simplified or composite canopy approach that generates recurrent errors in simulated soil temperature and turbulent fluxes. In response to these issues, a new version of the interactions between soil–biosphere–atmosphere (ISBA) land surface model has recently been developed that explicitly solves the transfer of energy and water from
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20

Barr, J. G., J. D. Fuentes, M. S. DeLonge, T. L. O'Halloran, D. Barr, and J. C. Zieman. "Influences of tidal energy advection on the surface energy balance in a mangrove forest." Biogeosciences Discussions 9, no. 8 (2012): 11739–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-11739-2012.

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Abstract. Mangrove forests are ecosystems susceptible to changing water levels and temperatures due to climate change as well as perturbations resulting from tropical storms. Numerical models can be used to project mangrove forest responses to regional and global environmental changes, and the reliability of these models depends on surface energy balance closure. However, for tidal ecosystems, the surface energy balance is complex because the energy transport associated with tidal activity remains poorly understood. This study aimed to quantify impacts of tidal flows on energy dynamics within
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21

Barr, J. G., J. D. Fuentes, M. S. DeLonge, T. L. O'Halloran, D. Barr, and J. C. Zieman. "Summertime influences of tidal energy advection on the surface energy balance in a mangrove forest." Biogeosciences 10, no. 1 (2013): 501–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-501-2013.

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Abstract. Mangrove forests are ecosystems susceptible to changing water levels and temperatures due to climate change as well as perturbations resulting from tropical storms. Numerical models can be used to project mangrove forest responses to regional and global environmental changes, and the reliability of these models depends on surface energy balance closure. However, for tidal ecosystems, the surface energy balance is complex because the energy transport associated with tidal activity remains poorly understood. This study aimed to quantify impacts of tidal flows on energy dynamics within
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22

Liu, Zelin, Changhui Peng, Louis De Grandpré, Jean-Noël Candau, Xiaolu Zhou, and Daniel Kneeshaw. "Development of a New TRIPLEX-Insect Model for Simulating the Effect of Spruce Budworm on Forest Carbon Dynamics." Forests 9, no. 9 (2018): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f9090513.

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The spruce budworm (SBW) defoliates and kills conifer trees, consequently affecting carbon (C) exchanges between the land and atmosphere. Here, we developed a new TRIPLEX-Insect sub-model to quantify the impacts of insect outbreaks on forest C fluxes. We modeled annual defoliation (AD), cumulative defoliation (CD), and tree mortality. The model was validated against observed and published data at the stand level in the North Shore region of Québec and Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia, Canada. The results suggest that TRIPLEX-Insect performs very well in capturing tree mortality following SBW
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23

Wang, Xiaofei, Guang Zheng, Zengxin Yun, and L. Monika Moskal. "Characterizing Tree Spatial Distribution Patterns Using Discrete Aerial Lidar Data." Remote Sensing 12, no. 4 (2020): 712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12040712.

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Tree spatial distribution patterns such as random, regular, and clustered play a crucial role in numerical simulations of carbon and water cycles and energy exchanges between forest ecosystems and the atmosphere. An efficient approach is needed to characterize tree spatial distribution patterns quantitatively. This study aims to employ increasingly available aerial laser scanning (ALS) data to capture individual tree locations and further characterize their spatial distribution patterns at the landscape or regional levels. First, we use the pair correlation function to identify the categories
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24

Teng, Dexiong, Xuemin He, Lu Qin, and Guanghui Lv. "Energy Balance Closure in the Tugai Forest in Ebinur Lake Basin, Northwest China." Forests 12, no. 2 (2021): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12020243.

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A persistent problem in surface flux research is that turbulent fluxes observed by eddy covariance methods tend to be lower than the available energy. Using 7 years of eddy covariance flux observations in the Ebinur Lake National Wetland Nature Reserve (ELNWNR) in Xinjiang, Northwest China, this study analyzes the surface–atmosphere energy transfer characteristics at the station to explore variation characteristics of the energy flux and the energy balance closure (EBC), and the factors that influence EBC. The results show that: (1) diurnal and seasonal variations are observed in turbulent flu
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25

Zhang, Wei, Xunhua Zheng, Siqi Li, et al. "Modelling forest-atmosphere exchanges of carbon and water using an improved hydro-biogeochemical model in subtropical and temperate monsoon climates." Ecological Modelling 507 (August 2025): 111174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2025.111174.

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26

Majasalmi, Titta, Stephanie Eisner, Rasmus Astrup, Jonas Fridman, and Ryan M. Bright. "An enhanced forest classification scheme for modeling vegetation–climate interactions based on national forest inventory data." Biogeosciences 15, no. 2 (2018): 399–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-399-2018.

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Abstract. Forest management affects the distribution of tree species and the age class of a forest, shaping its overall structure and functioning and in turn the surface–atmosphere exchanges of mass, energy, and momentum. In order to attribute climate effects to anthropogenic activities like forest management, good accounts of forest structure are necessary. Here, using Fennoscandia as a case study, we make use of Fennoscandic National Forest Inventory (NFI) data to systematically classify forest cover into groups of similar aboveground forest structure. An enhanced forest classification schem
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27

Jackson, Toby D., Sarab Sethi, Ebba Dellwik, et al. "The motion of trees in the wind: a data synthesis." Biogeosciences 18, no. 13 (2021): 4059–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4059-2021.

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Abstract. Interactions between wind and trees control energy exchanges between the atmosphere and forest canopies. This energy exchange can lead to the widespread damage of trees, and wind is a key disturbance agent in many of the world's forests. However, most research on this topic has focused on conifer plantations, where risk management is economically important, rather than broadleaf forests, which dominate the forest carbon cycle. This study brings together tree motion time-series data to systematically evaluate the factors influencing tree responses to wind loading, including data from
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28

Zhu, Huajie, Mousong Wu, Fei Jiang, et al. "Assimilation of carbonyl sulfide (COS) fluxes within the adjoint-based data assimilation system – Nanjing University Carbon Assimilation System (NUCAS v1.0)." Geoscientific Model Development 17, no. 16 (2024): 6337–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-6337-2024.

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Abstract. Modeling and predicting changes in the function and structure of the terrestrial biosphere and its feedbacks to climate change strongly depends on our ability to accurately represent interactions of the carbon and water cycles and energy exchange. However, carbon fluxes, hydrological status, and energy exchange simulated by process-based terrestrial ecosystem models are subject to significant uncertainties, largely due to the poorly calibrated parameters. In this work, an adjoint-based data assimilation system (Nanjing University Carbon Assimilation System; NUCAS v1.0) was developed,
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29

Bright, Ryan M., Clara Antón-Fernández, Rasmus Astrup, and Anders H. Strømman. "Empirical models of albedo transitions in managed boreal forests: analysis of performance and transportability." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 45, no. 2 (2015): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2014-0132.

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Managing boreal forests for effective climate change mitigation requires comprehension of the full spectrum of climate regulation services that they provide, which includes both the storage of carbon and exchanges of heat and moisture with the atmosphere. It is increasingly recognized that surface albedo is the most important biogeophysical mechanism by which the boreal forest directly influences the global energy balance. Forest management decisions that influence age class and species distributions affect not only the carbon sink capacity, but also the albedo (and hence climate services) of
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30

Fang, H. J., G. R. Yu, S. L. Cheng, et al. "Effects of multiple environmental factors on CO<sub>2</sub> emission and CH<sub>4</sub> uptake from old-growth forest soils." Biogeosciences 7, no. 1 (2010): 395–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-395-2010.

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Abstract. To assess contribution of multiple environmental factors to carbon exchanges between the atmosphere and forest soils, four old-growth forests referred to as boreal coniferous forest, temperate needle-broadleaved mixed forest, subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest and tropical monsoon rain forest were selected along eastern China. In each old-growth forest, soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes were measured from 2003 to 2005 applying the static opaque chamber and gas chromatography technique. Soil temperature and moisture at the 10 cm depth were simultaneously measured with the greenhouse gas m
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31

Toda, Motomu, Kumiko Takata, Naoyuki Nishimura, et al. "Simulating seasonal and inter-annual variations in energy and carbon exchanges and forest dynamics using a process-based atmosphere–vegetation dynamics model." Ecological Research 26, no. 1 (2010): 105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11284-010-0763-6.

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Murkute, Charuta, Mostafa Sayeed, Franz Pucha-Cofrep, et al. "Turbulent Energy and Carbon Fluxes in an Andean Montane Forest—Energy Balance and Heat Storage." Forests 15, no. 10 (2024): 1828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15101828.

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High mountain rainforests are vital in the global energy and carbon cycle. Understanding the exchange of energy and carbon plays an important role in reflecting responses to climate change. In this study, an eddy covariance (EC) measurement system installed in the high Andean Mountains of southern Ecuador was used. As EC measurements are affected by heterogeneous topography and the vegetation height, the main objective was to estimate the effect of the sloped terrain and the forest on the turbulent energy and carbon fluxes considering the energy balance closure (EBC) and the heat storage. The
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33

Graveline, Vincent, Manuel Helbig, Gabriel Hould Gosselin, et al. "Surface-atmosphere energy exchanges and their effects on surface climate and atmospheric boundary layer characteristics in the forest-tundra ecotone in northwestern Canada." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 350 (May 2024): 109996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.109996.

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Zhao, Y., Y. Z. Wang, Z. H. Xu, and L. Fu. "Impacts of prescribed burning on soil greenhouse gas fluxes in a suburban native forest of south-eastern Queensland, Australia." Biogeosciences 12, no. 21 (2015): 6279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-6279-2015.

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Abstract. Prescribed burning is a forest management practice that is widely used in Australia to reduce the risk of damaging wildfires. Prescribed burning can affect both carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling in the forest and thereby influence the soil-atmosphere exchange of major greenhouse gases, i.e. carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). To quantify the impact of a prescribed burning (conducted on 27 May 2014) on greenhouse gas exchange and the potential controlling mechanisms, we carried out a series of field measurements before (August 2013) and after (August 2014 an
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35

Zhao, Y., Y. Z. Wang, Z. H. Xu, and L. Fu. "Impacts of prescribed burning on soil greenhouse gas fluxes in a suburban native forest of south-eastern Queensland, Australia." Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 13 (2015): 10679–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-10679-2015.

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Abstract. Prescribed burning is a forest management practice that is widely used in Australia to reduce the risk of damaging wildfires. It can affect both carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling in the forest and thereby influence the soil–atmosphere exchange of major greenhouse gases, i.e. carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). To quantify the impact of a prescribed burning (conducted on 27 May 2014) on greenhouse gas exchange and the potential controlling mechanisms, we carried out a series of field measurements before (August 2013) and after (August 2014 and November 2014)
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36

Smallman, T. L., M. Williams, and J. B. Moncrieff. "Can seasonal and interannual variation in landscape CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes be detected by atmospheric observations of CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations made at a tall tower?" Biogeosciences Discussions 10, no. 8 (2013): 14301–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-14301-2013.

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Abstract. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) meteorological model has been coupled to the Soil Plant Atmosphere (SPA) terrestrial ecosystem model, hereafter known as WRF-SPA. SPA generates realistic land-atmosphere exchanges through fully coupled hydrological, carbon and energy cycles. Here we have used WRF-SPA to investigate regional scale observations of atmospheric CO2 concentrations made over a multi-annual period from a tall tower in Scotland. WRF-SPA realistically models both seasonal and daily cycles, predicting CO2 at the tall tower (R2 = 0.67, RMSE = 3.5 ppm, bias = 0.58 ppm),
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37

Nguyen, Vinh Xuan, Carlos P. Guerra Torres, Shilpi Yadav, Marian Pavelka, and Michal V. Marek. "Wind characteristics of CzeCOS’s ecosystem station Bílý Kříž." Beskydy 10, no. 1-2 (2017): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/beskyd201710010033.

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Eddy-covariance is a direct and accurate method to measure exchanges of greenhouse gases and energy between ecosystems and the atmosphere under good turbulent mixing conditions. Calm conditions can affect the accuracy of the eddy-covariance measurements by potential gas buildup below the measurement height. This study characterizes wind patterns and calm periods at Bílý Kříž Ecosystem Research Station, using four-year (2010-2013) wind data measured on an eddy-covariance tower at the site, located in Beskids Mountains, Czech Republic. The site is covered by young, dense Norway spruce forest on
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38

Bannister, Edward J., Mike Jesson, Nicholas J. Harper, et al. "Residence times of air in a mature forest: observational evidence from a free-air CO2 enrichment experiment." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23, no. 3 (2023): 2145–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2145-2023.

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Abstract. In forests, the residence time of air – the inverse of first-order exchange rates – influences in-canopy chemistry and the exchanges of momentum, energy, and mass with the surrounding atmosphere. Accurate estimates are needed for chemical investigations of reactive trace species, such as volatile organic compounds, some of whose chemical lifetimes are on the order of average residence times. However, very few observational residence-time estimates have been reported. Little is known about even the basic statistics of real-world residence times or how they are influenced by meteorolog
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39

Rawlins, M. A., A. D. McGuire, J. K. Kimball, et al. "Assessment of model estimates of land–atmosphere CO<sub>2</sub> exchange across Northern Eurasia." Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 3 (2015): 2257–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-2257-2015.

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Abstract. A warming climate is altering land–atmosphere exchanges of carbon, with a potential for increased vegetation productivity as well as the mobilization of permafrost soil carbon stores. Here we investigate land–atmosphere carbon dioxide (CO2) dynamics through analysis of net ecosystem productivity (NEP) and its component fluxes of gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) and soil carbon residence time, simulated by a set of land surface models (LSMs) over a region spanning the drainage basin of northern Eurasia. The retrospective simulations were conducted over t
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40

Soudani, Kamel, Nicolas Delpierre, Daniel Berveiller, et al. "A survey of proximal methods for monitoring leaf phenology in temperate deciduous forests." Biogeosciences 18, no. 11 (2021): 3391–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3391-2021.

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Abstract. Tree phenology is a major driver of forest–atmosphere mass and energy exchanges. Yet, tree phenology has rarely been monitored in a consistent way throughout the life of a flux-tower site. Here, we used seasonal time series of ground-based NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), RGB camera GCC (greenness chromatic coordinate), broadband NDVI, LAI (leaf area index), fAPAR (fraction of absorbed photosynthetic active radiation), CC (canopy closure), fRvis (fraction of reflected radiation) and GPP (gross primary productivity) to predict six phenological markers detecting the start
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41

Beringer, J., L. B. Hutley, N. J. Tapper, A. Coutts, A. Kerley, and A. P. O'Grady. "Fire impacts on surface heat, moisture and carbon fluxes from a tropical savanna in northern Australia." International Journal of Wildland Fire 12, no. 4 (2003): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf03023.

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Savannas form a large fraction of the total tropical vegetation and are extremely fire prone. We measured radiative, energy and carbon exchanges over unburned and burned (both before and after low and moderate intensity fires) open forest savanna at Howard Springs, Darwin, Australia. Fire affected the radiative balance immediately following fire through the consumption of the grass-dominated understorey and blackening of the surface. Albedo was halved following fire of both intensities (from 0.12 to 0.07 and from 0.11 to 0.06 for the moderate and low intensity sites, respectively), but the rec
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42

Xin, Q., P. Gong, and W. Li. "Modeling photosynthesis of discontinuous plant canopies by linking the Geometric Optical Radiative Transfer model with biochemical processes." Biogeosciences 12, no. 11 (2015): 3447–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3447-2015.

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Abstract. Modeling vegetation photosynthesis is essential for understanding carbon exchanges between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. The radiative transfer process within plant canopies is one of the key drivers that regulate canopy photosynthesis. Most vegetation cover consists of discrete plant crowns, of which the physical observation departs from the underlying assumption of a homogenous and uniform medium in classic radiative transfer theory. Here we advance the Geometric Optical Radiative Transfer (GORT) model to simulate photosynthesis activities for discontinuous plant canop
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43

Lekka, Christina, George P. Petropoulos, and Spyridon E. Detsikas. "A First Verification of Sim2DSphere Model’s Ability to Predict the Spatiotemporal Variability of Parameters Characterizing Land Surface Interactions at Diverse European Ecosystems." Sensors 25, no. 5 (2025): 1501. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25051501.

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Land–atmosphere interactions (LSIs) involve intricate complex processes that drive critical exchanges of energy and matter that influence ecosystem and climate dynamics, with variations in ecosystem responses and feedback effects depending on their specific environmental characteristics. To this end, this study represents the first extensive validation of the Sim2DSphere model, to establish its coherence and use in the study of LSIs across a range of biomes and climatic zones. For this purpose, water and energy fluxes from a total of 10 eddy covariance sites and a total of 12 calendar days wer
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44

Strasser, Ulrich, Michael Warscher, and Glen E. Liston. "Modeling Snow–Canopy Processes on an Idealized Mountain." Journal of Hydrometeorology 12, no. 4 (2011): 663–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011jhm1344.1.

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Abstract Snow interception in a coniferous forest canopy is an important hydrological feature, producing complex mass and energy exchanges with the surrounding atmosphere and the snowpack below. Subcanopy snowpack accumulation and ablation depends on the effects of canopy architecture on meteorological conditions and on interception storage by stems, branches, and needles. Mountain forests are primarily composed of evergreen conifer species that retain their needles throughout the year and hence intercept snow efficiently during winter. Canopy-intercepted snow can melt, fall to the ground, and
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45

Xin, Q., P. Gong, and W. Li. "Modeling photosynthesis of discontinuous plant canopies by linking Geometric Optical Radiative Transfer model with biochemical processes." Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 4 (2015): 3675–729. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-3675-2015.

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Abstract. Modeling vegetation photosynthesis is essential for understanding carbon exchanges between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. The radiative transfer process within plant canopies is one of the key drivers that regulate canopy photosynthesis. Most vegetation cover consists of discrete plant crowns, of which the physical observation departs from the underlying assumption of a homogenous and uniform medium in classic radiative transfer theory. Here we advance the Geometric Optical Radiative Transfer (GORT) model to simulate photosynthesis activities for discontinuous plant canop
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46

Gathany, Mark A., and Ingrid C. Burke. "Post-fire soil fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O along the Colorado Front Range." International Journal of Wildland Fire 20, no. 7 (2011): 838. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf09135.

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Wildfires affect Rocky Mountain ecosystems across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Many of the resulting changes are greatest for environmental factors, such as substrate and microclimate that control exchanges of greenhouse gases. We investigated this link to understand how time since fire influences the cycling of these gases through ponderosa pine forests. We measured and compared trace gas flux rates between recently burned sites and topographical aspects (north- and south-facing slopes). We calculated the ability of five factors (soil temperature, soil moisture, fire severity,
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47

Grant, R. F., T. A. Black, G. den Hartog, et al. "Diurnal and annual exchanges of mass and energy between an aspen-hazelnut forest and the atmosphere: Testing the mathematical model Ecosys with data from the BOREAS experiment." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 104, no. D22 (1999): 27699–717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1998jd200117.

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48

WADA, Ryuichi, Seiichiro YONEMURA, Akira TANI, and Mizuo KAJINO. "Review: Exchanges of O<sub>3</sub>, NO, and NO<sub>2</sub> between forest ecosystems and the atmosphere." Journal of Agricultural Meteorology 79, no. 1 (2023): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2480/agrmet.d-22-00023.

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49

Deirmendjian, Loris, Denis Loustau, Laurent Augusto, et al. "Hydro-ecological controls on dissolved carbon dynamics in groundwater and export to streams in a temperate pine forest." Biogeosciences 15, no. 2 (2018): 669–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-669-2018.

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Abstract. We studied the export of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from forested shallow groundwater to first-order streams, based on groundwater and surface water sampling and hydrological data. The selected watershed was particularly convenient for such study, with a very low slope, with pine forest growing on sandy permeable podzol and with hydrology occurring exclusively through drainage of shallow groundwater (no surface runoff). A forest plot was instrumented for continuous eddy covariance measurements of precipitation, evapotranspiration, and net ecos
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50

Chen, Yiying, James Ryder, Vladislav Bastrikov, et al. "Evaluating the performance of land surface model ORCHIDEE-CAN v1.0 on water and energy flux estimation with a single- and multi-layer energy budget scheme." Geoscientific Model Development 9, no. 9 (2016): 2951–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-2951-2016.

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Abstract. Canopy structure is one of the most important vegetation characteristics for land–atmosphere interactions, as it determines the energy and scalar exchanges between the land surface and the overlying air mass. In this study we evaluated the performance of a newly developed multi-layer energy budget in the ORCHIDEE-CAN v1.0 land surface model (Organising Carbon and Hydrology In Dynamic Ecosystems – CANopy), which simulates canopy structure and can be coupled to an atmospheric model using an implicit coupling procedure. We aim to provide a set of acceptable parameter values for a range
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