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Pilatovac, Melisa y Meral Colpani. "“Ska man inte få skämta om någonting nuförtiden” : En kvalitativ studie baserad på sexuella trakasserier och uppfattningen av det förebyggande arbetet utifrån ledningen och medarbetares perspektiv". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för lärande, humaniora och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-44950.
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Sexual harassment has existed for several decades and is still present in many differentindustries in Sweden. As the metoo movement grew, the topic became increasingly moreknown and current. This qualitative study is based on how management and employees at astate agency perceive preventative work aimed towards counteracting and neutralizing sexualharassments; moreover, the study also investigated whether the metoo-movement hasinfluenced this kind of prevention work. To be able to answer the study's question, aqualitative method was used in the form of eight semi-structured interviews. Based on theempirical data collected, we see that the perception of the preventive work differed betweenmanagement and employees. We want to believe that metoo has contributed to noticeablechanges in the organizational world.Based on information collected during some interviews, it can be stated that the metoomovement has not had a significant contribution to any adjustments in the organizationsprevention work: however, information collected from other interviews points towards therebeing major changes made to prevention work.The significant changes we have observed are updated guidelines and policies, employeesurveys, workplace meetings, and an updated intranet. We believe that sexual harassment isstill a major problem at workplaces and that there is a high number hidden statistic.Sexuella trakasserier har funnits i flera decennier och finns även i dagsläget inom mångaolika branscher i Sverige. Ämnet blev mycket högaktuellt i takt med metoo-rörelsen. Dennakvalitativa studie är baserad på vilken uppfattning ledningen respektive medarbetare har i enstatlig myndighet på det förebyggande arbetet mot sexuella trakasserier dessutom om metoofenomenet har haft en inverkan på detta arbete. För att kunna besvara studiens frågeställninghar vi i utgått från en kvalitativ metod i form av åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer. Utifrån deninsamlade empirin har vi kunnat läsa av att uppfattningen om det förebyggande arbetetskiljde sig åt mellan ledning och medarbetare. Vi vill lita på att metoo har bidragit tillmärkbara förändringar inom organisationsvärlden. Vid vissa intervjutillfällen har vi kunnatkonstatera att metoo-rörelsen inte bidragit till några särskilda justeringar i organisationensförebyggande arbetet medan vid andra tillfällen har vi fått veta att det skett störreförändringar. De påtagliga förändringar vi har beaktat är uppdaterade riktlinjer och policys,medarbetarenkäter, arbetsplatsträffar och uppdaterad intranät. Vi anser att sexuellatrakasserier fortfarande är en stor problematik på arbetsplatser som består av ett stortmörkertal.
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Pugh, Gary Michael. "A biomechanical comparison of the front and rear lat pull-down exercise". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0000772.
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Seidel, Jared Colin. "Rear Seat Safety for Children in Frontal Impacts". The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1511970046224046.
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Chavez, Rodriguez Adolfo 1951. "Modeling mountain-front recharge to regional aquifers". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191124.
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The estimation of mountain-front recharge to regional aquifers is approached from a hydroclimatic standpoint. Analytical models of the seasonal water yield and streamflow are developed in this dissertation. These models are specialized for hard-rock mountainous watersheds where deep percolation occurs through fractures exclusively. Input variables are considered to be stochastic, and a relationship between precipitation and surface runoff is derived by using a deterministic physical process. Streamflow models for the summer and winter rainy seasons are developed separately in terms of known parameters of the storm process and unknown parameters of the physical process. The winter model considers the generation of surface runoff from both rainfall and snowmelt. These models include the long-term effective subsurface outflow from the mountainous watershed, or mountain-front recharge, as one of the parameters to be identified. The parameter estimation problem is posed in the framework of maximum likelihood theory, where prior information about the model parameters and a suitable weighting scheme for the error terms in the estimation criterion are included. The issues of model and parameter identifiability, uniqueness and stability are addressed, and strategies to mitigate identifiability problems in our modeling are discussed. Finally, the seasonal streamflow models are applied to three mountainous watersheds in the Tucson basin, and maximum likelihood estimates of mountain-front recharge and other model and statistical parameters are obtained. The analysis of estimation errors is performed in both the eigenspace and the original space of the parameters.
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Reynal, Vincent de. "Agricultures en front pionnier amazonien (region de maraba / para, bresil)". Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INAP0013.
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Cette etude vise a comprendre les mecanismes d'evolution des agricultures sur un front pionnier afin notamment d'y apprecier les chances de perennisation de l'agriculture familiale. Riche en produits de la foret et en minerais, la region de maraba est situee a une position de contact entre les poles economiques du centre-sud bresilien, le bassin de main-d'uvre du nord-est et les denses forets de l'interieur ou se sont refugies certains peuples amerindiens. L'histoire nous permet de connaitre la colonisation de la region avant la construction des routes, puis de restituer, tout au long du front pionnier, contexte national, groupes sociaux en presence et avantages respectifs. Sur une zone de 30 000 km 2 on reconstitue la transformation de l'espace depuis la construction des routes (1970) jusqu'aux annees recentes. Trois niveaux d'organisation sont privilegies, le regional, le local et l'exploitation agricole, en prenant en compte pour chacun d'eux dynamiques et articulations avec leurs environnements respectifs. La terre appropriee se valorise de facon differenciee dans l'espace et dans le temps ; les innombrables situations et etats des exploitations, des localites, et de la region forment ensemble une riche mosaique offrant une gamme etendue d'alternatives aux plus demunis comme aux mieux pourvus. Durant les 25 premieres annees, l'environnement politique tant regional que national ne permet pas a l'agriculture familiale de tenir tete aux secteurs patronal et capitaliste. Malgre une amelioration generale du niveau de vie des familles, seules quelques exploitations bien dotees se maintiennent. Dans le meme temps, de nombreuses terres sous-exploitees du secteur capitaliste passent sous le controle du secteur familial ; l'appui recent de l'etat federal a l'agriculture familiale de ces dernieres annees dans un contexte regional autre offre un cadre plus favorable a la perennisation de la paysannerie.
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Gregory, Kathryn Mary. "Late Eocene paleoaltitude, paleoclimate, and paleogeography of the Front Range region, Colorado". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185985.
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Erosion beveled the Laramide Front Range uplift in Colorado to a surface of low relief by the end of the Eocene. This study uses paleobotanic climate analysis techniques to determine the paleoelevation of this regional surface by examining the overlying 34.9 Ma Florissant flora. Multiple regression models explaining 93.4% of the variance in mean annual temperature (MAT), 86.1% of the variance in growing season precipitation (GSP) and 65.7% of the variance in rainfall distribution were derived from J. A. Wolfe's dataset of 31 leaf physiognomic character states from 86 modern vegetation sites. When applied to a new collection of 29 species from the Florissant flora, estimates of MAT = 10.7 ± 1.5°C, and GSP = 55.6 ± 12.5 cm, with precipitation occurring mostly during the growing season, are derived. This paleoclimate estimate is corroborated by data from late Eocene Sequoia affinis from Florissant. Higher mean ring width of the fossil trees as compared to modern counterparts can be explained by a climate with summer mean monthly temperatures ≥ 14°C and summer mean monthly rainfall >1.5 cm. The estimated MAT, when combined with coeval sea level MAT and terrestrial lapse rate, implies an elevation of 2.3-3.3 km for Florissant, which is indistinguishable from the modern elevation of 2.5 km. The elevation of Florissant is tied to that of the Great Plains by the Wall Mountain Tuff, so the Great Plains were also high. The elevation was created either by underplating and/or mass transfer in the Laramide, or by mantle uplift of crust thickened by pre-Laramide tectonics. This elevation estimate implies that: (1) Pliocene uplift is not required to explain the present elevation. Thus, late Tertiary plateau uplift in the western US was not a contributing factor to the marked global cooling since 15 Ma; and (2) in the late Eocene, regional surfaces of planation could be formed at elevations significantly above sea level but below tree line. The surface was possibly formed from a lack of storminess; a preponderance of small storm events will diffusively smooth topography.
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Chavarría, Castillo Cindy Cecilia, Jar Carlos Alfredo Casquero y Castillo Dionel Martínez. "Smuggling: its importance in the trinational region in front of the spatial structure". Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Centro de Investigación en Geografía Aplicada, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/119820.
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The research focuses on the contraband´s spatial interactions that arise front to spatial structure, organization and pre existing complementary links, we identified through a diachronic analysis, establishing our field of study as the geographic area we call Trinational Macro Region: southern Peru, northern Chile and western Bolivia. This activity generates spatial dynamics and flows that are developed in the context of globalization and these exploit existing comparative advantages, i.e. the status of being neighbouring countries, the strategic location with respect to South America and the rest of the world, the communication channels, the absence of the state in these regions and price differentiation between licit products and contraband ones. These dynamic and flows, these are spatialize under various strategies adopted to transport contraband, storage and distribution of products.La investigación se centra en las interacciones espaciales del contrabando que surgen frentea una estructura espacial, organización y vínculos de complementariedad preexistentes, que identificamos mediante un análisis diacrónico, estableciendo como nuestro campo de estudio el área geográfica que denominamos macrorregión trinacional: el sur del Perú, el norte de Chiley el noroeste de Boliva. Esta actividad genera dinámicas espaciales y flujos que se desarrollan en el contexto de la globalización y aprovechan las ventajas comparativas existentes, es decir, la condición de ser países fronterizos, la localización estratégica con respecto a América del Sur y el resto del mundo, las vías de comunicación, la débil presencia del Estado en estas regiones y la diferenciación de precios entre los productos lícitos y los de contrabando. Estas dinámicas y flujos se espacializan bajo diversas estrategias que adopta el contrabando para el traslado, almacenamiento y distribución de los productos.
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Guy, Ianto John. "An analysis of the interaction between the front and rear axles of a four-wheel-drive tractor, and its contribution to power delivery efficiency". Thesis, Harper Adams University College, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.542600.
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Nasuti, Stéphanie-Caroline. "Une situation de « post-front pionnier » : le cas de la region rurale de Ciriaco (Maranhão - Brésil)". Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030067/document.
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Cette étude présente les composantes spatio-temporelles ayant structuré une région d’arrière-front pionnier de la frange orientale de l’Amazonie brésilienne [pré-Amazonie maranhense, Imperatriz]. Afin de saisir les conditions d’organisation du peuplement, nous cartographions les trajectoires migratoires de la première génération ayant afflué massivement dans les années soixante, que nous comparons aux actuelles stratégies de circulation des jeunes générations. L’évolution foncière, inhérente à la consolidation d’un front pionnier, s’est singularisée par diverses interventions directes de l’Etat fédéral, privilégiant tour à tour la régularisation individuelle pour rétablir la paix sociale [Getat] puis l’usufruit collectif des terres pour préserver l’environnement [aires protégées]. Nous avons reconstitué les étapes de la chaîne foncière, montrant dans quelles conditions des petits agriculteurs ont pu accéder durablement à la propriété jusqu’à l’implantation d’une réserve extractiviste, Ciriaco, cas d’étude central de ce travail. Cette opération amène la question de la modernisation des produits de l’extractivisme et de la capacité des populations rurales à s’insérer dans les circuits commerciaux. La transformation de la noix de babaçu [Orbignya spp.], activité en désuétude, exprime pourtant une identité collective forte, qui s’incarne dans un mouvement social emblématique des transformations du milieu politico-associatif rural, qui entre dans une démarche réflexive et acquiert plus d’autonomie, concourant à structurer les communautés rurales en zone de front pionnier. Cette dynamique régionale se complète par les problématiques actuelles du secteur sidérurgique, activité pionnière de fort impact, mais dont l’implantation dans les années quatre-vingts a donné une envergure nationale à la région d’Imperatriz. Aujourd’hui, pour assurer la « durabilité » de ses activités, le secteur est contraint de déployer un véritable système spatial articulé autour d’une forêt plantée d’eucalyptus, de sa transformation en charbon végétal aboutissant aux lingots de fer-gueuseThis study presents the spatial and temporal components that have led to the organization of a post pioneer front located in the oriental part of the Brazilian Amazon region [pre-Amazônia maranhense, Imperatriz]. In order to understand the settlement process of this region, we first outline a cartographic analysis of the life event and migratory movements of the first generation, who had come to the region massively in the 1960ies; second, we compare the latter with the actual circulation strategies of the younger generations. The evolution of land tenure, which is inherent to the consolidation of a settlement front, has taken place continuously by a series of direct interventions by the Federal Government, first privileging individual regularization in order to restore social peace [Getat]; then collective land use aiming at the preservation of the environment [protected areas]. In this work, we reconstruct the different steps of the land property regulation chain, in order to identify the conditions under which small farmers could become “property owners” and to show how this process ultimately led to the delimitation of the Ciriaco extractive reserve, which constitutes our main case study, . This operation leads to the question of the modernization of the extractive economy and to the capacity of rural populations to take over in trading and to develop economic circuits. If the transformation of the babassu nut [Orbignya spp.] seems to be bound to become extinct, the activity however still holds a strong collective identity, embodied in a social movement which has been emblematic of the transformations of rural politico-associative entities. They are adopting a more reflexive position, and gaining more autonomy, contributing to structure the different rural communities of the settlement front. This regional dynamics must be completed by current issues of the pig-iron sector, a pioneer activity which had a heavy impact on the region around Imperatriz but has also contributed to give it an [inter]national importance since the 1980ies. Today, in order to ensure the sustainability of its activities, the pig-iron sector is compelled to spread out a real spatial system articulated around a forest of planted eucalyptus and its transformation into charcoal and then pig-iron ingot
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Katkhouda, Kamal [Verfasser], Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Schaaf, Edda [Akademischer Betreuer] Rädlein y Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Grohe. "Aluminum-based PVD rear-side metallization for front-junction nPERT silicon solar cells / Kamal Katkhouda. Technische Universität Ilmenau. Gutachter: Edda Rädlein ; Andreas Grohe. Betreuer: Peter Schaaf". Ilmenau : Universitätsbibliothek Ilmenau, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1070505129/34.
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Nasuti, Stéphanie. "UNE SITUATION DE « POST-FRONT PIONNIER » : LE CAS DE LA REGION RURALE DE CIRIACO (OUEST MARANHÃO – BRESIL)". Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00521536.
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Cette étude présente les composantes spatio-temporelles ayant structuré une région d'arrière-front pionnier de la frange orientale de l'Amazonie brésilienne (pré-Amazonie maranhense, Imperatriz). Afin de saisir les conditions d'organisation du peuplement, nous cartographions les trajectoires migratoires de la première génération ayant afflué massivement dans les années soixante, que nous comparons aux actuelles stratégies de circulation des jeunes générations. L'évolution foncière, inhérente à la consolidation d'un front pionnier, s'est singularisée par diverses interventions directes de l'Etat fédéral, privilégiant tour à tour la régularisation individuelle pour rétablir la paix sociale (Getat) puis l'usufruit collectif des terres pour préserver l'environnement (aires protégées). Nous avons reconstitué les étapes de la chaîne foncière, montrant dans quelles conditions des petits agriculteurs ont pu accéder durablement à la propriété jusqu'à l'implantation d'une réserve extractiviste, Ciriaco, cas d'étude central de ce travail. Cette opération amène la question de la modernisation des produits de l'extractivisme et de la capacité des populations rurales à s'insérer dans les circuits commerciaux. La transformation de la noix de babaçu (Orbignya spp.), activité en désuétude, exprime pourtant une identité collective forte, qui s'incarne dans un mouvement social emblématique des transformations du milieu politico-associatif rural, qui entre dans une démarche réflexive et acquiert plus d'autonomie, concourant à structurer les communautés rurales en zone de front pionnier. Cette dynamique régionale se complète par les problématiques actuelles du secteur sidérurgique, activité pionnière de fort impact, mais dont l'implantation dans les années quatre-vingts a donné une envergure nationale à la région d'Imperatriz. Aujourd'hui, pour assurer la « durabilité » de ses activités, le secteur est contraint de déployer un véritable système spatial articulé autour d'une forêt plantée d'eucalyptus, de sa transformation en charbon végétal aboutissant aux lingots de fer-gueuse.
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Zanoun, Louisa. "Interwar politics in a French border region : the Moselle in the period of the Popular Front, 1934-1938". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2009. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/297/.
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Between 1934 and 1936 various organisations of the French left joined forces to create the Popular Front, an alliance borne of an antifascist imperative. After winning the May 1936 legislative elections, and in a climate of growing opposition from conservative and far right forces, the left-wing coalition came to power. By the end of 1938, the Popular Front had collapsed and the right was back in power. During this period (1934-1938), the right and far right repeatedly challenged the left-wing alliance‟s legitimacy and attacked its constituent political parties. This conflict between left and right intensified France‟s political and social tensions and polarised French politics and French society into supporters and opponents of the Popular Front. This thesis examines the role of the right within the context of the Popular Front and seeks to answer the following question: how did the right act in response to the Popular Front between 1934 and 1938? The thesis focuses on the Moselle, a border département returned to French sovereignty after forty-seven years under German domination (1871-1918). By 1934, the Moselle had developed a distinctive political character sympathetic to the right and hostile, or at best indifferent, to the left. By drawing parallels between Parisian and Mosellan events and using new archival material, the thesis demonstrates the originality of the Popular Front in the Moselle, and the responses of the local, and essentially Catholic and particularist, right. No scholarly work has yet examined the conflict between the right and the left within the context of the Popular Front in the Moselle. This thesis demonstrates how the département's distinctive historical, social, linguistic, cultural, political and religious context shaped the Popular Front and the right‟s responses to it.
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Unefäldt, Sanna. "”Jag jobbar som polis men jag brukar inte säga att jag är en polis” : En kvalitativ studie om polisyrkets påverkan på den enskilde individen med fokus på roller samt emotioner". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap (from 2013), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-35240.
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The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding about the police profession's impact on the singular individual, with a focus on roles, regions and emotions. The main question is to understand if and then so, how individuals outside of work will be affected of the profession and professional events. In order to answer this question I carried out six semi-structured in-depth interviews with police officers who worked at the main office in a police region in a midsize city in Sweden. To ensure reliability and allow readers to conduct their own assessments the quotations in this study are anonymous. The analysis of the collected material is based on selected parts of Goffman's theories about dramaturgical perspective as well as selected emotion theories. Those theoretical frameworks are focused to explain, understand and see the consequences for the individual roles, role characters, emotions and the emotional work; which is what this study focuses on. Previous researches has brought inspiration for this study purpose and question, but also given me a deeper understanding of the professionalism of the Police. This study confirms that a certain distinction about the professional role and the individual role is desirable when a small or no personal distinction at all regarding the occupation or workplace can result in stress or burnout. The study shows that Police employees may also be imposed on the front region professionally, when interacting with others when the audience knows the profession of the individual, which results in a lack posterior region where the individual is forced to act upon the audience's expectations of police professionalism. The fact that it is the audience that decides the region and role definition as well as the persona identity of the police together with the social norms and legislation that the police is obliged to act upon it shows that it is hard for the police to step out of the profession and the role of the police even out of duty. The study also shows that the police profession also could be seen thru an emotional aspect where the emotions of the individual both are bought and sold. The emotions of the police could be restricted to the time duty when the police are inclined to act with confidence, respect and self-control.Syftet med studien är att få en ökad förståelse kring det polisiära yrkets påverkan på den enskilde individen med fokus på roller, regioner samt emotioner. Påverkas individen utanför arbetet av yrket och yrkeshändelser och i så fall hur? För att besvara studiens frågeställning genomfördes sex stycken halvstrukturerade djupintervjuer med poliser som arbetar i yttre tjänst i en mellanstor svensk stad. För att säkerställa reliabiliteten samt tillåta läsarna att genomföra egna bedömningar lyfts anonymiserade och analyserade citat i studiens resultat och analysdel. Analyseringen av materialet sker utifrån valda delar av Goffmans dramaturgiska perspektiv samt valda emotionsteorier. De teoretiska referensramarna fokuserar på att förklara, förstå samt se konsekvenser för individuella roller, rollgestalter, emotioner och det emotionella arbetet utifrån olika faktorer. Tidigare forskning inom ämnesområdet har tillfört både inspiration för denna studies syfte och frågeställning, men även gett en djupare förståelse för det polisiära yrket. Denna studie visar att en viss distinktion kring yrkesrollen och den individuella rollen är önskvärd då en liten eller ingen distinktion kring yrket eller arbetsplatsen kan resultera i både stress och utbrändhet. Polisanställda kan även påtvingas den främre yrkesrollsgestalten under interaktion med andra om publiken får veta individens yrkesroll, detta resulterar i en avsaknad bakre region där individen tvingas agera utifrån publikens polisära egenskapsförväntningar. På grund av att publiken bestämmer region och rollgestalt samt polisförordningens lagar, som inkluderar bestämmelser som även tjänstlediga poliser måste tillämpa, kan en personlighetsförändring upplevas av antingen omgivningen eller av individen själv. Polisyrket ska även ses som ett emotionsarbete där individens känslor både är köpta och sålda. Polisens emotioner är begränsade under arbetstid då poliser ska agera med aktning, utge en förtroendegivande känsla samt ha självkontroll.
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Hylén, Isabella y Bojana Blaz. "Hur emotionellt krävande är egentligen arbetet inom kriminalvården? : En kvalitativ studie om det emotionella arbetet inom kriminalvården". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-42692.
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The purpose of this study was to analyse how emotions affect prison officers in their daily work. The study seeks to understand how prison officers manage their emotions in the social interactions with clients, and how exercise of authority affects their handling of emotions at work. Formulation of questions that has been answered is how prison officers handle their emotions at work, how they handle their emotions in the social interactions with clients and how they are affected by exercise of authority. Theories that have been applied to this study is Arlie Russell Hochschild and her theory about emotional labor, Michael Foucualt theory about power and Erving Goffman theory about dramaturgy. To answer the purpose of the study, a qualitative research has been used, and six prison officers have been interviewed. The conclusion of the study shows that prison officers handle their emotions through talking with colleagues and manager. It also shows that prison officers are positively affected by exercise of authority. They explained that these policies are made for prison officers and clients safety.
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Kvita, Josef. "Podlahový dopravník a výklopné čelo velkoobjemové nástavby". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231933.
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The aim of this work is to design belt conveyor and front and rear hydraulic moved tailboard for large volume carrier body. The carrier body is constructed for silage with emptying time lower than one minute. This work also contains choice of concept of the proposed solutions, than their calculation and the design itself. The work is accompanied by drawings.
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Mathieu, Mickaël. "Revigny-sur-Ornain, Vaubécourt et la Première Guerre mondiale : histoire et mémoire dans deux anciens cantons ruraux de la Meuse (1914-2018)". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0297.
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La Première Guerre mondiale a fortement touché le département de la Meuse, traversé par la ligne du front occidental… Verdun, le saillant de Saint-Mihiel et l’Argonne portent toujours les cicatrices de ces années de combats. Or, plus au sud, les anciens cantons de Revigny et de Vaubécourt (réunis depuis 2014) ont également subi le feu de la guerre. Rien ne semblait les destiner à devenir un champ de bataille, mais ils se sont retrouvés sur la ligne de front de la première bataille de la Marne car ils sont sur la route des deux principales villes meusiennes, Bar-le-Duc et Verdun, principaux enjeux sur ce secteur de combat. La bataille, opposant la 3e armée française à la Ve armée allemande, y est dure. Au final, les Allemands sont contraints au repli, comme sur l’ensemble du front. Ils abandonnent les cantons de Revigny et de Vaubécourt, théâtre eux-aussi du « miracle de la Marne », mais à la notoriété moindre en comparaison du sauvetage de Paris et des « taxis de la Marne » … Après la bataille de la Marne, les deux cantons, en partie ruinés, se retrouvent dans l’arrière-front français. La ligne de feu s’est fixée plus au nord, mais les effets du conflit se font toujours ressentir. Des généraux y supervisent les opérations sur les fronts de Champagne et de Meuse. Des installations militaires sont érigées afin de soutenir et approvisionner les secteurs des combats. Elles accueillent les soldats français et alliés en partance et au retour du front. La population locale est contrainte de participer à l’effort de guerre, voyant ses principales ressources mises à disposition des armées française et américaine. Pendant l’intégralité du conflit, les habitants des cantons de Revigny et de Vaubécourt ont vécu des heures difficiles, sous le signe de l’angoisse, des privations et des relations parfois difficiles avec l’autorité militaire. Après l’armistice, des hommages sont rendus à ces territoires pour les souffrances endurées pendant les hostilités, rendus par la Nation par l’intermédiaire des deux personnalités politiques meusiennes de l’époque, Raymond Poincaré et André Maginot. Les deux cantons honorent leurs habitants morts du conflit, relèvent leurs ruines, mais font disparaitre les traces, contribuant à l’oubli de ces combats et des événements survenus pendant la Grande Guerre dans les cantons de Revigny et de Vaubécourt. Ce n’est qu’à l’occasion du centenaire de la Première Guerre mondiale que cette histoire a partiellement remise en lumièreWorld War I strongly affected the department of the Meuse, crossed by the Western front line ... Verdun, the salient Saint-Mihiel and the Argonne still bear the scars of these years of fighting. However, further south, the former cantons of Revigny and Vaubécourt (gathered since 2014) also suffered the fire of the war. Nothing seemed destined to become a battlefield, but they found themselves on the front line of the first battle of the Marne because they are on the road of the two main cities Meus, Bar-le-Duc and Verdun, main stakes on this combat sector. The battle between the 3rd French Army and the 5th German Army is hard. In the end, the Germans are forced to withdraw, as on the whole front. They abandon the cantons of Revigny and Vaubécourt, also theater of the "miracle of the Marne", but with less notoriety in comparison with the rescue of Paris and "taxis of the Marne" ...After the Battle of the Marne, the two cantons, partly ruined, are found in the French rear-front. The line of fire is more northerly, but the effects of the conflict are still felt. Generals oversee operations on the Champagne and Meuse fronts. Military installations are erected to support and supply the combat areas. They welcome French and Allied soldiers on their way out and back from the front. The local population is forced to participate in the war effort, seeing its main resources made available to the French and American armies. During the whole conflict, the inhabitants of the townships of Revigny and Vaubécourt experienced difficult hours, under the sign of anxiety, privations and sometimes difficult relations with the military authority.After the armistice, tributes are paid to these territories for the suffering endured during the hostilities, rendered by the Nation through the two Meusian politicians of the time, Raymond Poincaré and André Maginot. The two cantons honor their inhabitants who died of the conflict, raise their ruins, but make disappear the traces, contributing to the forgetfulness of these combats and the events which occurred during the Great War in the townships of Revigny and Vaubécourt. It was only on the occasion of the centenary of the First World War that this story was partially brought to light
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de, Leon Justin. "PHILIPPINE ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT AND PHILIPPINE MUSLIM UNREST". Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4217.
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Muslim culture and society has been a part of the Philippine islands in spite of nearly ninety-five percent of the population being Christian (a majority Catholic), yet did not become a separatist movement until the 1970's. Since then, the two main separatist groups the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) have been battling the Philippine government. The parties entered truces in 1996 and 2001, yet there has been a cycle of violence continues. The Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG), linked to Al Qaeda, emerged in 1990 and has launched many attacks on the Christian Philippine majority. The prolonged Muslim unrest in the ARMM has left thousands dead and hundreds of thousands displaced. The main objective of this research paper is to examine Philippine economic and political development and its impact on Philippine Muslim unrest. This paper presents a critical analysis of the economic and political development and Philippine Muslim unrest by examining six major features of the Philippines; they are: The historical evolution, economic development, political development, socio-cultural setting, geographic setting, and the quality of life of the Filipino people. This research also examines Fareed Zakaria's illiberal democracies theory, liberal institutionalism, and the Marxist theory of class revolution and primarily relies on research conducted at the University of the Philippines and from Philippine and Asian scholars. By taking a holistic comprehensive approach and by using international relations theory, this research fills two gaps in the literature about Philippine Muslim unrest. The research concludes with a look at future challenges, both short term and long term that face the country, as well as, possible future scenarios. The findings of this research are that the economic and political development and the historical evolution, though major contributory factors, are not the sole reason for the prolonged Philippine Muslim unrest. The most pervasive causal factor to Muslim unrest was the socio-cultural setting. Because of the all-pervasive nature of culture; at first glance, the socio-cultural setting was not a major apparent cause. At almost all times examined throughout this research, certain cultural tendencies guided decisions and altered the course of events more so than any other single variable. Corruption, crony capitalism, patrimonialism, and irrational institutions all stem from the tendencies of Philippine culture must be addressed to find lasting peace in the country. A move toward rational legal institutions and liberal constitutionalism, will lead the way to the creation of a liberal democracy and break the cycle of violence occurring in the Philippines.M.A.
Department of Political Science
Sciences
Political Science MA
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Taborelli, Pierre. "Les conditions géographiques et l'organisation spatiale du front de la Grande Guerre : application à l'évaluation environnementale post-conflit en Champagne-Ardenne (France)". Thesis, Reims, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REIML004/document.
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L'objectif de la thèse, réalisée dans le cadre du programme IMPACT14-18 (2015-2018), est de cartographier et de mesurer les impacts environnementaux de la Première Guerre Mondiale en Champagne-Ardenne. Le projet propose une nouvelle approche de la Grande Guerre par une analyse spatiale des réseaux de défense sur 115 km de front (13 000 km de tranchées et de boyaux) réalisée sous SIG à partir des plans directeurs au 1/20 000 de 1918 des Groupes de Canevas de Tirs des Armées. Le traitement de la banque de données spatiales permet non seulement de déterminer le potentiel de « polémo-paysages » de la Grande Guerre mais aussi de comprendre les facteurs militaires et géographiques (géomorphologie, géologie, hydrographie) structurant les réseaux. Les morphologies associées (tranchées, boyaux, entonnoirs de mines, trous d’obus), intégralement nivelées en grande culture mais recoupées par l’approche archéologique, sont étudiées de manière sectorielle, sous forêt à l’aide du Lidar aéroporté pour déterminer leur taux de conservation, sous la commande des pratiques sylvicoles. L’application opérationnelle des résultats s’intègre dans l’évaluation environnementale et les problématiques territoriales post-conflit de la Grande Guerre (aléa « cavités », bombturbation, contamination des sols et des nappes souterraines) mais révèle également un potentiel de valorisation patrimonialeThe purpose of the thesis, carried out under the IMPACT14-18 program (2015-2018), is to map and measure the environmental impact of the First World War in Champagne-Ardenne. The project offers a new approach of the Great War by a spatial analysis of the defense networks on the 115 km of front (13 000 km of trenches and communication trenches) achieved under GIS from the 1/20 000 of 1918 trenches maps of the “Groupes de Canevas de Tirs des Armées”. The treatment of spatial database not only helps us to determine the potential of "Polemo Landscapes" of the Great War but also to understand the military and geographical factors (geomorphology, geology, hydrography) structuring the networks. Associated morphologies (trenches, communications trenches, mine craters, shells craters), fully leveled in the field but highlighted by the archaeological approach, are studied sectorally under the forest thanks to the airborne Lidar, in order to define their conservation rates, according to the silvicultural practices. The operational application of the results fits the environmental assessment and the post-conflict territorial issues of the Great War ("cavities" hazard, bombturbation, soil and groundwater contamination) but also reveals a potential for heritage enhancement
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Hucker, Graham. "The rural home front : a New Zealand region and the Great War 1914-1926 : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History at Massey University". Massey University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1103.
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New Zealand’s First World War studies have traditionally focused on the soldier and battlefield experiences. ‘The Rural Home Front’ breaks with that tradition and focuses on the lives of people and the local communities that the soldiers left behind in the predominantly rural region of Taranaki in New Zealand. ‘The Rural Home Front’ is essentially a study of the impact and effects of the First World War on rural society. By focusing on topics and themes such as ‘war enthusiasm’, the voluntary spirit of fund raising and recruiting, conscription, attempting to maintain normality during wartime, responses to war deaths, the influenza epidemic, the Armistice and the need to remember, this thesis argues that civilians experienced the Great War, too, albeit differently from that of the soldiers serving overseas.
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Stewart, Helena K. "Peat's secret archive : interpreting the geochemical and palaeodust record from Scottish peat as a potential index of North Atlantic storminess and Holocene climate change". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/24811.
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Four continuous high-resolution peat records for the Holocene have been reconstructed across a ~300km transect from Shebster in Caithness to Yell in the Shetland Isles. These records describe the nature and extent of North Atlantic climate changes inferred from indicators of storminess and minerogenic aeolian dust, and are supported by radiogenic isotope analysis, tephrochronology and radiocarbon dating. The environmental changes at all four sites displays a significant degree of synchrony in response to changes in the position of the polar front jet (PFJ) stream and the phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Bromine concentrations in the peat, derived from sea spray, are used to reconstruct storm frequency and storm intensity, and mire surface wetness is used as an indicator of longer-term climate shifts. The results suggest a strong link between positive phases of the NAO and storminess. Subtle differences between the bromine concentrations and the mire surface wetness suggest that high intensity but perhaps less frequent periods of storminess are not necessarily associated with a wetter climate. Atmospheric minerogenic dust concentrations are used to reconstruct large-scale climate changes across the wider North Atlantic region. The results suggest a sympathy between dust activity and periods of glacial advance and a negative index of the NAO. Radiogenic isotope analysis suggests that the smallest particles may originate from Iceland.
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Lažek, Jan. "Analýza výhledu řidiče z vozidla". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-382231.
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This diploma thesis deals with the issue of the driver's view from the vehicle, respectively the measurement of the field of views and blind spots. This thesis takes into account the 360° view around the vehicle. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the theoretical outlook of the vehicle. The reader becomes acquainted with the progressive development of the 360° view in a vehicle, beginning with the past and leading up to the present enhancements in today's vehicles. The reader will also understand, the position and movement of the eyes in a vehicle, the detailed description of the direct forward look, and the indirect reverse look. Subsequently, the theoretical part is devoted to the methodology of visibility measurements according to the prescribed standards of SAE and EHK. The theoretical part concludes with a chapter explaining how the theory is used in the practical part of the thesis. The practical part is devoted to the design of the 360° views of the vehicle and the description of the methodology. Another element of the practical part is the measurement protocol. This section deals with all the calculations for the complete driver's view, which was shown as an example on one of the sixteen vehicles measured. The last chapter compares, evaluates and reviews the results of all measured 360° views and blind spots around the vehicle.
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Vymazal, Roman. "Těhlice vozu kategorie Formule SAE". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228027.
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This thesis deals with a mechanical design of a front wheel hub carrier and a rear wheel hub carrier for Formula SAE. It contains the main design as well as the control of a screw and computer loading solve process. The essential objectives of this thesis are the optimization of the mechanical design and following manufacturing of desired parts and their practical usage in a Formula SAE race car.
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Geidenmark, David y Henrik Widén. "Inramningen av den digitala undervisningsmiljön på universitetsnivå under Covid-19 : En kvalitativ studie med studenter och lärare". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-102934.
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The aim of this study is to provide a deeper understanding of how frameworks of learning have shifted from a physical to a digital approach during the Covid-19 pandemic. As a result of the pandemic, many societies have suffered substantial setbacks for instance the closing down of several institutions such as universities. Consequently, universities around the world adapted to a digital approach for teaching and learning, and, as a result, teachers and students were required to familiarise themselves with new digital techniques. The pandemic has forced a paradigm shift in how education is delivered, and, as this is unprecedented in terms of research, we were eager to learn how the affected individuals in the educational sector perceive these societal changes. The study is based on eight semi-structured interviews with five students and three teachers who are either studying or working at Swedish universities. The outcome shows that there is a fluctuation in how social interactions changes from informal everyday encounters to more formal appointments. We found that the new frames on digital learning have different structural and institutional frames where laws and regulations differ from traditional physical learning. “New Normal” was an interesting term that arose during the interviews, which relates to the aforementioned changes. Finally, we attempt to define this concept in terms of a post Covid-19 society.
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Šubrt, Stanislav. "Návrh přístroje pro analýzu vzniku a šíření trhlin". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231511.
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The main goal of this thesis is to get an insight into a field of non-destructive testing using potential drop techniques that have nowadays become the standard not only in the fatigue and loading tests but also in the industry. These methods can serve to non-destructively and continuously measure material specimens, thickness, corrosion losses, deformations, spectroscopy and detection and analysis of crack geometry. They can help to identify materials and measure material changes over time. The second part of this thesis deals with designing the aperture for detection of cracks in steam and product piping using potential drop technique modified by Ing. Ladislav Korec, CSc. Last part deals with extensive testing, experimenting and evaluation of the aperture.
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Khan, Basit Ali. "Sea Breeze Circulation in the Auckland Region:Observational Data Analysis and NumericalModelling". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geography, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4476.
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The main aim of this research is to improve our knowledge of the sea breeze circulation in the complex coastal environments, where more than one mesoscale circulations occur. Interaction of these circulations with each other and with external factors such as topographical features and large scale winds leads to pronounced changes in the thermodynamic structure of the boundary layer. The variations in sea breeze circulation also have distinct effect on the pollutant transport and dispersion mechanisms in the coastal urban areas. In this research, dynamic and thermodynamic characteristics of the sea breeze circulation and their associated air pollution potential have been investigated by utilizing observational data for two summer periods and numerical modelling techniques. Effect of some external factors such as gradient flow and terrain elevation has also been examined. Observed meteorological and air quality data was obtained from a number of monitoring sites within and around Auckland while Advanced Weather Research & Forecasting (WRF) and ‘The Air Pollution Model’ (TAPM) were employed to simulate meteorology and pollutant dispersion in Auckland. WRF is used to investigate the thermally induced mesoscale circulation while TAPM has been employed to examine the pollutant dispersion in the region. Both models were validated against observed data from six different sites within Auckland. Validation results of WRF and TAPM are also compared with surface meteorology. Validation and inter-comparison of the two models show that WRF performed better than TAPM for all the surface meteorology variables. WRF showed a positive bias in predicted winds speed and relative humidity and a cold bias in the near surface Temperature. TAPM on the other hand under-predicted surface winds, while near surface temperature and relative humidity are similar to WRF.
Results show that the sea breeze occurred around 20% of the two summer periods of 2006 and 2007. Both observed data analysis and the numerical modelling results confirmed the existence of two thermally induced systems in the Auckland region. Bay breezes are initiated in the morning hours (0800 – 1000 hours) from small bodies of water (Manukau, Waitemata, and Kaipara Harbour, and along the Hauraki Gulf coastline), followed by mature sea breezes from the main bodies of water (Tasman Sea and larger Hauraki Gulf area) in the late morning. The cessation of sea breezes started after 1600 hours. Frequency of sea breeze days was the highest under coast-parallel gradient winds (southeast and northwest), with speeds < 6 m s-1. The predicted depth of the sea breeze inflow ranged between 200 and 600 m, while the depth of the return flow was in the range of 200 – 500 m. Sensible heat flux is an important control in the development of sea breeze over the region. Coastal mountain ranges helped early onset of the sea breeze, but also inhibited inland propagation. Strong jet-like westerly winds along the coastline near the Manukau Harbour are due partly to the narrow opening at the Manukau Head, reduced friction over the harbour water, and divergence of wind due to coastline shape. Gradient winds significantly affect the evolution of the sea breeze and modify many of its dynamics, such as the sea breeze inflow layer, return flow, inland penetration, sea breeze head, etc. Under northerly gradient flow northeast sea breeze lasts longer while under southerly gradient flow cessation of the westerly sea breeze was delayed.
Over both east and west coasts, WRF predicted anticlockwise rotation, especially under easterly gradient wind conditions. However, inland stations near Manukau Harbour show partial and complete clockwise rotation, which is primarily due to orographic features of the region. The diurnal rotation of the sea breeze system may contribute to recirculation of pollutants in the morning hours under coast-parallel gradient wind conditions. Pollutants that are emitted during morning peak traffic hours and advected towards Manukau Harbour by the remnants of the land breeze may be returned by bay breezes in the mid morning hours.
Mixed layer height over land before arrival of the sea breeze also varied a lot and ranged between 600 to 1400 m. A convective internal boundary layer (CIBL) forms in the surface layer after arrival of the sea breeze. The CIBL under coast parallel gradient winds was relatively shallow (200 – 400 m), while under coasts-normal gradient winds (southwest and northeast), the predicted depth was in the range of 400 to 500 m. However, the inland extent of the CIBL was greater under coast-normal winds, especially under south-westerly gradient winds. The ground level concentration of air pollutants thus can be increased during sea breeze inflow over the region.
Both bay breeze and mature sea breeze contribute towards development, extent and strength of the sea breeze convergence zones (SBCZs). Gradient winds and terrain play an important role in the position and strength of SBCZs. Under strong south-westerly gradient flow, a SBCZ is formed along the eastern coastline, while under north-easterly gradient winds a SBCZ is formed along the west coastline. During coast-parallel gradient winds the SBCZ is formed in the middle of landmass, and is then gradually displaced eastward or westward depending on the balance between large scale PGF and surface friction effect. In addition to SBCZs, terrain and coastline-induced convergences were also evident. Higher ground level concentrations of pollutants are expected under coast-normal gradient winds, when SBCZs are formed in the middle of the land mass and the wind speed of the sea breeze inflow and the sea breeze front is relatively low. This may increase pollution concentration, especially in the evening hours, to unacceptable levels. Results of this research suggest that given the size, synoptic meteorology and specific geography of the region, significant recirculation of pollutants is not likely to happen to contribute to next day’s pollution. The pollutant concentration may increase in the SBCZs, but their ability to recirculate the pollutants requires more extensive research.
A closed sea breeze circulation cell is unlikely to form in this region due to topographical influences and a strong gradient wind effect. The pollutant plume is expected to be advected in the return flow over the peaks of higher terrain and via the top of the convergence zones, but its remixing in the onshore flow is subject to many factors such as gradient wind speed and direction, direction of the return flow and nature (size and state) of the pollutant. In appropriate conditions, pollution levels may reach to unhealthy levels under coast-parallel gradient wind condition.
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jhuang, Wun-Ren y 莊文仁. "Integrated Adaptive Front-light and Rear-view Mirror System for Motorcycles". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/n4ed49.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
車輛工程系所
101
The present study aims to integrate and control adaptive front-light and rear-view mirror system for motorcycles. Many automotive factories have developed Adaptive Front-light System (AFS) to improve disadvantages of fixed light. In addition, adaptive rear-view mirror system for motorcycles is utilized to improve the blind angle appearing when a rider passes along a curve with a traditional motorcycle, or when unexpected situation happens. The deficiency in providing riders with information on rear-view road conditions often leads to traffic accidents. The present study, therefore, integrates advantages of the two systems and goes a step further with the aim to developing an integrated adaptive front-light and rear-view mirror system for motorcycles. To investigate dynamic characteristics and establish a mathematical model for motorcycle, simulations in the present study were analyzed via motorcycle dynamic analysis software (BikeSim). Various road conditions (e.g., postural changes in making turns, going up- and down-slope, running over potholes and deceleration pads) are simulated for the AFS and rear-view mirror systems on motorcycle; subsequently a controller was designed. LabVIEW was employed to implement integrated control on the LED array front-light and rear-view mirror, hardware planning, and integration of driving circuits. In this way, the front-light and rear-view mirror system of the integrated adaptive motorcycle could act according to different dynamics of the motorcycle such as pitch angle, roll rate, velocity, and various road environments to provide better front-light illumination efficiency and coverage and to decrease inappropriate glare. As a result, a broader rear view was generated, safety of the driver was promoted, and occurrence of traffic accidents was decreased.
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Chiung-Lien, Lin y 林瓊蓮. "Can Rear-Views of Passenger Cars Express Compatible Image to Front-Views". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23191248808699989329.
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碩士大葉大學
設計研究所
97
Most car designs emphasize more on front-view and side-view. Less was done to the rear. In the real driving circumstance what drivers mostly see is the rear-view of the vehicle in front of them. Therefore, it will be interesting to see If the rear-views of the cars can attract people or if their images can match with the front-views. Twenty mid-sized sedans in 2006-2008 were chosen for the study. Thirty subjects were asked to evaluate the line drawings of rear-views and front-views to see if they could match with each other. Subjects’ preferences about the front-views and rear-views separately were also investigated. The results showed that: (1) Most cars have compatible front-views and rear-views while some were perceived as incompatible; (2) For most of the cars there is no big difference between people’s preference about the front-views and the rear-views; (3) Generally speaking, the better the matching of the front with the rear, the smaller the differences in the degree of preference. Key Words: Car, Front-view, Rear-view, Image, compatible
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Chuang, Wang-Lin y 莊旺霖. "RF Front-end Passive Components of 79GHz Automobile Rear Anti-collision Radar". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/msy8p3.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
電信工程學研究所
105
In recent years, the Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) are the smart vehicle technology that the vehicular manufacturers actively develop. The automotive radars are important parts in the ADAS. In this paper, we study the passive components used in parking anti-collision radar system, including the rat race coupler and wide half-power-beam-width parasitic patch antenna. We proposed a new method to improve the equivalent circuit model of transmission line section for T-coil structure, and we used lumped circuits to design the rat race coupler on integrated passive component process and re-distribution layer of wafer level package process to achieve the compact circuit size. At the same time, we design the patch antenna on the package substrate to make the whole radar system integrated on a substrate. We used the grounded parasitic components to enhance the half power beam-width of E-plane of the patch antenna to increase the detection angle of the system.
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Ueng, Yang-Shyh y 翁央士. "Mathematical Model and Verification for the Stable Region of a Bicycle Rear Derailleur System". Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63130767008678970754.
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碩士國立清華大學
動力機械學系
84
The rear derailleur system of a multi-speed bicycle consists of a freewheel, a derailleur system, chain, and shift level. Because of the distinctive performance, the index shift levels have been very popular. This thesis proposed a concept of "stable region" that is physically existence and can be used for determining the traveling distance of the shift level to guarantee a smooth up- and down-shifting characteristic. Beginning with the definition of the stable region as a range of cable displacement, a mathematical model for the stable region was created according to the contact conditions among the chain, guide pulley, and freewheel. On the basis of this model, the stable region of an existing rear derailleur system was found numerically. For the sake of verifying the validity of the mathematical model, an equipment for measuring the stable region of a certain type of derailleur was constructed for the comparison between the theoretical and experimental results. By analyzing the characteristics of the stable region, a modified design was made for the existing rear derailleur system. According to the test results, the modified design illustrated a remarkable improvement for the shifting performance.
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廖俊欽, Chun-Chin Liao y 廖俊欽. "Performance of Plasmonics Thin Silicon Solar Cell Using In and Ag Nanoparticles on Front and Rear Side". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/dtmm23.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
光電工程系所
101
In this work, the indium (In) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles forming on the front- and rear-side surface of thin silicon solar cell, respectively, to enhance photovoltaic performances due to plasmonics effects are reported. When the sunlight incident on the proposed solar cells, indium nanoparticles on the front surface can be enhanced the conversion rate of photons to photon-carriers at short wavelength band and the silver nanoparticles on the rear surface scattered the long-wavelength photons, which contributed by localized surface plasmon. In this study, bare Si solar cell was first fabricated and characterized. The liquid phosphorus source was spun upon on a 200 um-thick P-type silicon substrate and capped with a SiO2 layer. Then heat treated by RTA at 900 oC which the phosphorus atoms can be diffused into p-silicon, forming a p-n junction. The rear side electrode was grid-shape pattern Al electrode (Al coverage of 60 %), deposited by e-beam evaporation and photolithograph processing. Subsequently, Al electrode was annealed at 450 oC in N2 atmosphere for 5 min to make the better ohmic contact. Simililary, the front-side finger Ti/Al electrode was obtained by e-beam deposition and lift-off process. Secondly, 30 nm, 59.5 nm and 85 nm-thick TiO2 space layer are deposited on the fabricated bare cells, respectively, by e-beam evaporation. Before indium film deposited on the TiO2 surface, the TiO2 space layer was annealed at 200 oC in H2 atmosphere for 30 minutes to form a high quality and high density TiO2 space layer. Then 3.8 nm-thick Indium (In) was deposited upon those TiO2 space layer and all samples subsequently annealed at 200 oC in H2 atmosphere for 30 min to obtain indium nanoparticles. The reflection spectrum, external quantum efficiency (EQE) response, and photovoltaic I-V were measure and compared as the cell with and without indium nanoparticles on the TiO2 layer. The results show that the plasmon resonance wavelength of indium nanoparticles was red-shifted as the thickness of TiO2 increase. Under AM1.5 illumunation, the enhancement of the short-circuit current density (Jsc) of the plasmonics solar cells with 30 nm, 59.5 nm and 85 nm-thick TiO2 space layer are 8.29 % (from 25.09 mA/cm2 to 27.17 mA/cm2), 6.85 % (from 30.37 mA/cm2 to 32.45 mA/cm2) and 3.86 % (from 29.01 mA/cm2 to 30.13 mA/cm2), respectively, compare to the cell only with corresponding TiO2 layer. Similiary, the conversion efficiency (η) can be achieved 7.86 % (from 9.41 % to 10.15 %), 6.35 % (from 12.12 % to 12.89 %) and 5.56 % (from 11.51 % to 12.15 %), respectively. Therefore, the plasmonic Si solar cell with indium nanoparticles on the 30 nm TiO2 space layer exhibited the best improving in photocurrent and conversion efficiency. Summary, the totally short-circuit current density output of 27.17 mA/cm2 and conversion efficiency of 10.15 % are obtained in the proposed cell with plasmonics on the front-side surface. Finally, the bare Si solar cell with gride-shap pattern Al-electrode (coverage of 60%) on the rear-side was fabricated. Next, 30 nm-thick silver film was deposited on the rear-side surface and then annealed at 300 oC in N2 atmosphere for 3 min, forming Ag nanoparticles. The short-circuit current density increase of 1.39 % (from 23.10 mA/cm2 to 23.42 mA/cm2) and conversion efficiency increase of 1.54 % (from 9.09 % to 9.23 %) were obtained as the cell only with Ag nanoparticles on the rear-side surface. However, the cell of with metallic nanoparticles on both the front and rear surface, the photocurrent density increase of 8.51 % (from 27.25 mA/cm2 to 29.57 mA/cm2) and conversion efficiency enhanced by 9.78 % (from 10.74 % to 11.79 %) are presented. Therefore, the total short-circuit current density of 29.57 mA/cm2 and the conversion efficiency of 11.79 % were obtained as the thin silicon solar cell with In and Ag nanoparticles on the front and rear surface.
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SINGH, DIVYA y 迪凡亞. "Optimization of N-type Heterojunction front and Rear Emitter Silicon Solar Cell for Indoor Light Harvesting Application". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6q9bvj.
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碩士國立交通大學
電機資訊國際學程
106
The aim of the present thesis is to optimize the fabrication process of HIT (Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin Layer) solar cells which are capable to work even under indoor light. A heterojunction solar cell can be fabricated even at a low temperature; which costs lower while improving the performance of solar cell. Nowadays, indoor light working solar cells are demanded such as routers, IoT and so forth. This demands a thin layer solar cell working efficiently even under weak light; and then motivates to develop and improve the HIT solar cell. To improve the performance, it is required to increase open circuit voltage (Voc, maximum) and fill factor (FF) simultaneously. The HIT samples we use in this work have been fabricated in at the cleanroom. A typical sample exhibits the efficiency 24% in the efficiency. We have investigated how we can optimize HIT solar cell by tuning a part of process recipe to fabricate those samples from the viewpoint of Voc, Isc, and FF; while suppressing the reduction of the efficiency from 24%. As a result, it is found that we should perform the cleaning process before plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) at 90 °C. The RF power and pressure in PECVD should be 80 W and 1500 mTorr and the thickness of amorphous layers were adjusted via varying RF power duration. By doing so, we find that the FF under weak light can be about 50%, which is as 2/3 or near as under One Sun (under standard condition as AM 1.5, 100 mW/cm2).
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Chen, Chao-Liang y 陳昭良. "The Effect of Working Tempos for the Front and Rear Operators and WIP Quantities on Working Performance". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45772541440954614688.
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碩士國立屏東科技大學
工業管理系所
99
The main purpose of this study was to explore stress impact on job performance of "the Operator" in different stress situations by amount of work in process. There were five different stress situations, respectively. 1. no stress: this referred to operator in accordance with their abilities of speed of production, 2. quick worker-operator-quick worker, 3. quick worker-operator - slow worker, 4.slow worker- operator-quick worker, 5. slow worker- operator -slow worker. "Quick worker" mean workers at the speed of the fastest production under no stress situation. "Slow worker" mean the 70th percentile production speed under no stress situation. In the whole study, the quick or slow worker had contained their speed of production. This study recruited 15 university female students. The results of the experiment are the following: 1.The average production quantities are highest under quick worker-operator-quick worker situation and the lowest production quantities happen at no-stress situation. 2. Slow worker-operator-slow worker situation is the most suitable one if yield of the product is concerned. 3. Slow worker-operator- quick worker situation can reduced total WIP quantities significantly.
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Lin, Po-Cheng y 林柏呈. "A small boat-based experimental studies on the left-right and front-rear leading mark visual guidance methods". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91778866528477209428.
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碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
通訊與導航工程學系
100
This study uses a small FRP boat as the experimental test platform to examine the performance of four types of image processing-based visual guidance schemes to guide a ship towards a prescribed straight water channel. Specifically, the four types of visual guidance methods are the fore-aft leading mark method, the left-right leading mark method, the left-right with additional rear leading mark method and the modified left-right with additional rear leading mark method. The LABVIEW /Vision Builder AI system working environment is adopted for the design of the Fuzzy Controller and the Internal Model Controller (IMC). A CCD camera mounted on the bow of the FRP boat is used to acquire images of the leading marks. The color recognition scheme and noise filtering are adopted in the image processing and proper threshold values are selected to ensure correct target acquirement. The geometric centers of the two leading marks are then calculated, and the separation distance between them is used to compute the deviated heading angle needed as feedback error signal in the adopted autopilots. The feasibility of the proposed concept was verified by performing a series of FPR boat experiments conducted in the waterways of the NTOU small boat harbor. Experimental results indicate that the fore-aft leading mark guidance method with Fuzzy controller has better performance than with the IMC controller, the left-right leading mark guidance scheme is less satisfactory because of its single leading mark like performance, and the performance of the left-right with additional rear leading mark method is similar to the fore-aft leading mark method. Finally, the modified left-right with additional rear leading mark method combined with the IMC controller has better trajectory convergence rate. However, the modified left-right with additional rear leading mark method combined with fuzzy controller might exhibit single leading mark guidance behavior, if the fuzzy input variables are not properly defined.
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Wang, Ai-Wei y 王艾唯. "THE IMPACTS OF THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE FRONT AND REAR ON CONSUMER’S MOOD STATES－WITH WAITING METHOD AND SERVICE ATTIDUTE AS MODERATORS". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14577592600249609770.
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碩士大同大學
事業經營學系(所)
96
Consumers often have to wait while acquiring services. However, the waiting experiences are typically negative. This research tries to explore the effect of the number of people front and rear, service attitude, and waiting method on the mood states of the consumer while waiting for bank deposit service. This study employs two three-factor experiment design, namely, first, 2 (the number of people front the consumer: a few or many) x 2（the number of people rear the consumer: a few or many) x 2（service attitude: polite or common）, second, 2 (the number of people front the consumer: a few or many) x 2（the number of people rear the consumer: a few or many) x 2（waiting method: line-up system or take-a number system. This research’s experiment subjects are 448 students of the Tatung University. The study gets conclusions as follows: a. The number of people front the consumer will influence the mood of the consumer. That is, a few people front the consumer will let the consumer have a more positive mood. b. The number of the people rear the consumer does not affect the consumer’s mood; that is, the more people rear the consumer does not make the consumer have a more positive mood. c. The impact of the number of people front the consumer on the mood of the consumer is not moderated by the waiting method; that is, a few of people front the consumer do not let the consumer have a more positive mood under the line-up system than many people front the consumer; the take-a-number system also has no any difference. d. The impact of the number of people rear the consumer on the mood of the consumer is not moderated by the waiting method; that is, many people rear the consumer do not let the consumer have a more positive mood under the line-up system than a few of people rear the consumer; the take-a-number system also has no any difference. e. When there are many people behind the consumer and the servant’s attitude is polite, the consumer‘s mood will be more positive.
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Mullen, Timothy J. "Muscle activity levels of three lower body sites during front squat and back squat exercises". 2004. http://www.oregonpdf.org.
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Bourbonnais, Annie. "Nitrate isotope anomalies as indicator of N2 fixation in the Azores Front region (subtropical N-E Atlantic)". Mémoire, 2007. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4750/1/M10003.pdf.
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Afin de mieux comprendre les sources et flux de nitrate dans la zone euphotique et le rôle potentiel de la fixation de l'azote atmosphérique dans la région du front des Açores (Atlantique nord-est subtropical), nous avons étudié la distribution du δ15N et δ18O du nitrate à six stations. Nous avons également mesuré le δ15N de l'azote organique dissous (AOD) de l'eau de surface, ainsi que la composition isotopique de l'azote particulaire (AP) exporté de 2003 à 2005 à la station KIEL276 (2000 m de profondeur). Nous observons une diminution du δ15N-NO3 et une augmentation du δ18O-NO3- à mesure que la concentration de nitrate diminue dans l'eau de surface pour la plupart des stations. Étant donné que l'assimilation du nitrate par le phytoplancton produit un enrichissement égal du δ15N et δ18O du nitrate, les anomalies des isotopes du nitrate dans l'eau de surface (Δ(15;18) jusqu'à ~-6%o) indiquent que l'assimilation du nitrate n'est pas le seul processus qui contrôle la composition isotopique du nitrate dans la zone photique et suggère qu'il y a reminéralisation d'azote atmosphérique nouvellement fixé dans les eaux de surface et sous surface. La concentration et le δ15N de l'AOD de l'eau de surface sont spatialement invariables avec des valeurs moyennes respectives de 4,7±0,5 f-µmol/L et 2,6±0,4%o (n=35), ce qui est en accord avec l'idée d'un réservoir océanique d'AOD majoritairement récalcitrant. La moyenne pondérée du δ15N de l'AP exporté (1,8±0,8%o, n=33) pendant les deux années d'échantillonnage est faible par rapport à la valeur du δ15N du nitrate dans la thermocline. Le faible δ15N de l'AP exporté, avec les anomalies isotopiques du N et O du nitrate et l'observation de ratios élevés des concentrations de nitrate par rapport au phosphate dans les eaux de surface et sous surface suggèrent fortement que la fixation de l'azote atmosphérique, étant un apport de matière organique ayant un faible δ15N, représente une composante majeure du cycle de l'azote dans l'Atlantique nord-est subtropical. Des bilans isotopiques simplifiés (pour le N et O du nitrate) indiquent que la fixation de l'azote, à un taux de 56-75 mmol N m-2 an-1, pourrait représenter jusqu'à ~40% de la production primaire exportée et être ainsi aussi importante que la diffusion verticale du nitrate à travers la thermocline pour soutenir la production nouvelle.
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MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Fixation de l'azote, Front des Açores, Atlantique nord-est subtropical, δ15N et δ18O du nitrate, δ15N de l'azote organique dissous, δ15N de l'azote particulaire exporté.
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Chen, Chiou-ping y 陳秋萍. "The Impacts Of The Number Of People Front And Rear,Waiting Time, And Waiting Method On The Mood States Of The Consumer—With Banking Industry As Example". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25fz4f.
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碩士大同大學
事業經營學系(所)
95
Consumers often have to wait during the process of acquiring and consuming many products or services. These waiting experiences are typically negative. This research tried to explore the effects of the number of people front and rear, waiting time situations, and waiting method on the mood states of the consumer when waiting for bank deposit service. This study employs a 2(The number of people front the Consumer: a few or many) ×2(The number of people rear the Consumer: a few or many) ×3(Waiting Time Situations: short waiting time, long waiting time without compensation, and long waiting time with compensation) ×2(Waiting method: line-up system or take-a –number system) factorial design, including two pretests and one experiment. The research subjects were 240 students from Tatung University. This study gets conclusions as follows: 1. The number of people front the consumer will influence the mood states of the consumer. That is, a few people front the consumer were more favorable than many people front the consumer. 2. The number of people rear the consumer will not influence the mood states of the consumer. That is, many people rear the consumer were not more favorable than a few people rear the consumer. 3. Waiting time will influence the mood states of the consumer. Short waiting time will cause the consumer feel better then long waiting time. Additionally, long waiting time with compensation, the consumer will feel better than without compensation. 4. The impact of the number of people front the consumer on the mood states of the consumer is not moderated by waiting method. A few of people front the consumer were not more the positive mood state under the line-up system than many of people front the consumer, and the take-a-number system also hasn’t any difference. 5. The impact of the number of people rear the consumer on the mood states of the consumer is not moderated by waiting method. Many of people rear the consumer were not more the positive mood state under line-up system than a few of people rear the consumer, and the take-a-number system also hasn’t any difference. 6. The impact of waiting time situations on the mood states of the consumer is moderated by waiting method. Under line-up system, short waiting time will cause the consumer feel better then long waiting time. Additionally, long waiting time with compensation, the consumer will feel better than without compensation. But under the take-a-number system, the impact of waiting time situations on the mood hasn’t any difference.