Tesis sobre el tema "Futurum"
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Larsson, Robin. "Småstadens Forum Futurum". Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-228511.
Texto completoDen viktigaste råvaran är inte längre vår skog, gruva eller flod - utan dagens råvaror är information, kreativitet och kunskap. Större urbana platser har fått följa med sin tid och förvandlats till storstäder med globala perspektiv - städer där vi samtidigt aldrig skådat så stora skillnader i klasstillhörighet. Landets småstäder som i begynnelsen förvandlade Sverige från en fattig utkantsnation till ett land i framkant - har dock berövats möjligheten att vara en del av kunskapsekonomin. I detta hierarkiska samhällsbyggande kan vi dock genom digitaliseringen se ett nytt typ av centrum ta form - en autonomibomb smäller - och vi blir alla vårt eget centrum. Detta projekt utreder möjligheterna till en mer decentraliserande samhällsutveckling - när storstaden inte lyckas leverera den perfekta tillvaron till alla.
Després, Isabelle. "Les mesures d'instruction in futurum /". Paris : Dalloz, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39146533d.
Texto completoDesprés, Isabelle. "Les mesures d'instruction in futurum". Strasbourg 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR30004.
Texto completoAn in futurum investigation is a search for evidence ordered by a judge at the request of a prospective plaintiff to assess the substance of a claim before any legal proceedings are taken. It is aimed at establishing solid proof in order to increase the chances of winning before the judge, should legal action be taken. In futurum investigation is defined by article 145 of the new French civil procedure code, which states, " If there is a legitimate reason to preserve or establish, prior to any legal proceedings, proof upon which the solution of the dispute depends, the legally acceptable measures may be ordered at the request of any individual, with or without the knowledge of the prospective defendant ". Although in futurum investigation has known a tremendous rise in popularity, article 145 has not yet revealed all its theoretical secrets. The purpose of this study is to expose the inner workings of the legal text (article 145) so as to show how the individual legal principles which are involved work on their own, and then to see if their peculiarities warrant the invention of new ways to solve the problems that inevitably arise when they are combined
Thorén, Sofia. "Modala och futurumbildande hjälpverb i svenska som andraspråk". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för nordiska språk, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-256489.
Texto completoWesterlund, Anna-Karin. "Imperfekt-Presens-Futurum : en examenskonsert av, med och runt Anna-Karin Westerlund". Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för jazz, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-90.
Texto completoCastro, Nilsson Manú. "Att få se, få höra och få veta : Perifrastiska uttryck av inkoativitet och futurum i skriven svenska". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Avdelningen för allmän språkvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-170261.
Texto completoThis paper studies the interplay between inchoative, future and modal meanings in constructions containing the verb of possession få (in all of its four conjugations) + verbs of perception in written Swedish, and seeks to find out if it is possible to systematically differentiate these categories from each other in terms of frequency and context. According to Åke Viberg, the Swedish verb of possession få appears to be quite language specific with its polysemic characteristics compared to other European languages, such as English, Finnish, German and French (Viberg 2009: s.105, 119, 2012: s.1413). Viberg also suggests that få in combination with either of the three verbs of perception se ‘see’, höra ‘hear’, veta ‘know’ expresses inchoative sense, to which he further states the future sense is closely related to (Viberg 2002: 123, 2012: 1444). The inchoative sense is when a predicate expresses transition (Bybee et al., 1994), often with a lack of explicit reference to the cause of the transition (Viberg 2002: s.129). The study is a corpus investigation, which includes a selection of fiction and newspaper material ranging from the 1970s to the 1990s. 50 sentences per perception verb are analysed based on the semantic categories that they are considered being an expression of. The results show that the få + perception verb constructions are not semantically classifiable as a category which expresses the inchoative and future sense. Apart from displaying some connection with the inchoative and future meanings, these constructions appear to be well integrated with other functions expressed by få + infinitive verbs, primarily modality. In addition to provide an increased understanding of the polysemic grammatical behaviour of få as an auxiliary verb, this investigation also contributes to the overall knowledge of tense, aspect and modality in Swedish.
Eklund, Nyström Sigrid. "Möbelarkitekt på 1930-talet : om inredningsfirman Futurum och hur en ny yrkesgrupp etablerar sig /". Stockholm : Nordiska museet, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36210352t.
Texto completoVesterlund, Eskil. "Med reklamen mot framtiden : Representationer av samhällsnyttig reklam under 1930-talet". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för idé- och lärdomshistoria, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-295176.
Texto completoHansson, Green Ulla. "Forskningskommunikation i praktiken : Landstinget i Jönköpings län och den tredje uppgiften". Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-20891.
Texto completoCoelho, Bruno. "Um estudo sobre os impactos da surpresa dos indicadores macroeconômicos de atividade e inflação no mercado futuro brasileiro de juros". reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/12361.
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The monetary policy guidelines are defined based on macro indexes released to the market periodically. The agents of this market react quickly to any changes in macroeconomic environment, trying to obtain high profits or to avoid significant financial losses. Considering this, this paper intends to analyze how interest rate future market reacts when surprises in macroeconomic indexes are released, suggesting a new methodology to forecast the market reaction through the construction of an aggregate surprise index. Using data extracted from Bloomberg and BM&F Bovespa, we constructed a simplified data base by adopting assumptions to measure the impact of surprises disclosed in the price of DI Futuro. The standardization of parameters, applying average tests and optimizing regressions by OLS allowed to weight relatively a set of macro indexes according to their effect on market volatility. Finally, we made a test on the proposed aggregate surprise index that showed it was more efficient in forecasting the market reaction than another index that considered equal weights to all set of macroeconomic index.
As diretrizes de política monetária são definidas com base em resultados dos indicadores macroeconômicos divulgados ao mercado periodicamente. Os agentes deste mercado respondem rapidamente às alterações de cenário, com o objetivo de obter lucro ou evitar perdas financeiras expressivas. Com este motivacional, a proposta deste trabalho é avaliar como reage o mercado futuro de juros diante da divulgação de surpresas em determinados indicadores macroeconômicos, propondo um indicador de surpresa agregado para prever os impactos causados. Através dos dados extraídos da Bloomberg e da BM&F Bovespa, foi construída uma base de dados simplificada pela adoção de premissas para mensuração do impacto das surpresas divulgadas no preço do DI Futuro. A padronização dos parâmetros, a realização dos testes de média e as regressões otimizadas pelo método OLS possibilitaram ponderar os indicadores econômicos de acordo com a oscilação que os mesmos causam a este mercado. Por fim, o teste de comparação mostrou que o indicador de surpresa proposto foi mais eficiente nas previsões da reação do mercado do que um indicador que pondere de forma igualitária todos os indicadores macroeconômicos.
Löbler, Helge, Hans Kjellberg, Kaj Storbacka, Melissa Akaka, Jennifer Chandler, John Finch, Sara Lindeman, Katy Mason, Janet McColl-Kennedy y Suvi Nenonen. "Market futures, future markets". Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-218378.
Texto completoMattsson, Henrik y Jonas Vikström. "Currency Future Efficiency : Do Currency Futures Predict Future Spot Exchange Rates?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-45940.
Texto completoWong, Alan 1954. "Futures-Forward Price Differences and Efficiency in the Treasury Bill Futures Market". Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330688/.
Texto completoAssakul, Phensoame Fai. "Future perspectives for manufacturing : exploring the futures-strategy interface". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615257.
Texto completoDe, Armenteras Cabot Marcos. "Justicia intergeneracional, Derecho y Litigio Climático". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672489.
Texto completoEl cambio climático pone en riesgo la salvaguarda de los derechos fundamentales a medio y largo plazo. Los inherentes problemas de carácter intergeneracional que provoca el cambio climático no han obtenido todavía una respuesta efectiva desde el sistema político, y la concentración de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero continúa aumentando anualmente. El cortoplacismo político y las dificultades para desarrollar políticas ambientales y climáticas con perspectiva global e intergeneracional han postergado las acciones necesarias para llevar a cabo una reducción de emisiones de forma ordenada y justa. Ante este escenario los problemas intergeneracionales no sólo se han planteado como problemas eminentemente políticos, sino también jurídicos. Así, a pesar de que en las últimas décadas se han planteado diferentes alternativas para la protección de los intereses de las generaciones futuras, en la actualidad y a través del litigio climático, la justicia intergeneracional ha tenido un papel de mayor relevancia en Derecho. En este sentido, en este trabajo se estudia la justicia intergeneracional desde el sistema jurídico, tanto desde el estudio del derecho positivo, como en su aplicación ante los tribunales en los litigios ambientales y, especialmente, en los litigios climáticos.
Climate change threatens the fundamental rights protection in the medium and long term. The inherent intergenerational problems caused by climate change have not yet received an effective response from the political system and the concentration of greenhouse gas emissions continues to increase every year. Political short-termism and the difficulties in developing environmental and climate policies with a global and intergenerational perspective have postponed the necessary actions to carry out an orderly and fair reduction of emissions. Against this backdrop, intergenerational problems have not only become eminently political problems, but also legal ones. Thus, despite the fact that in recent decades different alternatives for protecting the interests of future generations have been put forward from the political and legal sphere, intergenerational justice has currently played a more relevant role in law through climate litigation. In this sense, this paper studies intergenerational justice from the legal system, both from the study of positive law, as well as in its application before the courts in environmental litigation and, especially, in climate litigation
Lanza, Lara de Faria. "Ser criança com câncer em etapa final de tratamento - sua visão de futuro". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22131/tde-19022009-141630/.
Texto completoSome decades ago cancer in children was considered a deadly disease. The development of surgical techniques, chemotherapy and radiotherapy increased the number of children who survived the disease, fact that has brought attention to living with cancer as well as to the pshycosocial needs of the cured children. The present study had the aim of understanding the future vision of children at the final stage of treatment through phenomenological analysis. Qualitative research was choosen to understand the lived situations, in the perspective of Phenomenology in Yolanda Forghieri\'s view. Six interviews were made with children between eight and thirteen years of age, in their hospital appointments with the following guiding question: Now that you are ending your treatment, I would like you to tell me what you think about your future. The interviews were taped and transcripted in full, followed by a broad reading. After this, convergences and divergences were verified and categories of analysis arose. Interpretative analysis revealed that when the treatment is ending and the child no longer has the symptoms of the disease, old references used at the time of treatment still continue to exist for a while. They talk about the past and what they have been through and make predictions of what might happen, remembering the time of treatment. They express the will of looking physically like they used to before the treatment, of taking back activities that had been interrupted or made difficult because of the disease. They showed the importance of affectionate bonds in their lives, their relation with the human world. Nevertheless, in some moments, the children leave the role of sick people to be the carers of their carers, their parents. When they really feel being in the children\'s world, they experience a freeing process from a hard and painful treatment, feeling able to think about the future. Along the whole process, they face the paradox life and death and can manage to keep a positive view of the future, willing to return to their life projects and all the wide range of possibilities that their health can bring. They report spirituality in the presence of God as a source of support and overcoming strenght. Becoming sick with cancer is a process that generates pain and suffering for the child and their family but reveals other sides of reality, making new insights into the resources of facing the disease by the children possible and extending the horizons of interventions in the health area.
Junior, Daphnis Theodoro da Silva. "O conteúdo informacional dos contratos futuros de Ibovespa". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-10042007-123346/.
Texto completoThe Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) can be summarized by this definition: ?A market in which prices always ?fully reflect? available information is called ?efficient?.? (Fama,1970). In this dissertation is investigated the existence of information content, regarding the future behavior of spot Bovespa index, in the open positions of futures contracts of Bovespa index carried overnight by the different types of participants of this market. Using Johansen?s cointegration framework and the GETS modeling approach, was found some information content, but the explanation power is not high, lying between 10 to 20%.
Christofoletti, Maria Alice Moz. "Volatilidade e informação nos mercados futuros agropecuários brasileiros". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-25032013-143119/.
Texto completoThe objective of this study is to investigate the relationships between business activity, represented by the variables of open interest and trading volume, the information content of different groups of participants, categorized by the Brazilian exchange, and daily and intraday volatility of futures prices for live cattle, arabica coffee and corn, which are the Brazilian agricultural contracts that have greater liquidity. The methodological tool was based on the works of Bessembiender and Seguin (1992), Daigler and Wiley (1999) and Wang (2002), supported mostly by the market microstructure theory and noise trading. The results suggest that there is a relationship between open interest, trading volume and volatility of future prices. Particularly for open interest, is was found a negative relationship (positive) between the expected series (unexpected) and volatility, and the impact of unexpected series was superior in magnitude comparing to the expected series. For the traded volume, in general, there was evidence of a positive effect of trading volume (both expected and unexpected) on the volatility, and the expected series showed greater impact than the series unexpected. As for the informational content of the participants, considering the model that explains the daily volatility, is was found evidence that demand shocks non-financial corporation contributed to the increase in variation of live cattle futures prices. For the arabica coffee contract, the model suggests that demand shocks of individual influences positively the volatility. For the corn contract, demand shocks of all categories of participants, with the exception of non-financial corporation, apparently act in order to increase the volatility of future prices. Thus, the separation of the unexpected net position and the evaluation of the positive impact of demand shocks on volatility suggest that such investors are not informed. In examining the intraday volatility, the results obtained are mostly similar to those found in the model which analyzes the daily volatility. The quantile regression permitted the complete mapping of the impacts of the variables analyzed, showing that there are significant differences regarding the influence of the variables in the different quantiles of the conditional distribution of volatility, intraday as much daily.
Löbler, Helge, Hans Kjellberg, Kaj Storbacka, Melissa Akaka, Jennifer Chandler, John Finch, Sara Lindeman, Katy Mason, Janet McColl-Kennedy y Suvi Nenonen. "Market futures, future markets: research directions in the study of markets". Sage, 2012. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A15286.
Texto completoMachado, Tomás da Cruz. "Utilização de contratos futuros e forwards como estratégia de cobertura de risco no mercado europeu de bovinos de carne". Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária. Instituto Superior de Agronomia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/24128.
Texto completoO risco associado à produção de carne de bovino, está sempre dependente de cenários não passíveis de controlo humano, como é o exemplo das alterações climáticas que causam fenómenos cada vez mais drásticos e imprevisíveis. Para além destes fenómenos climáticos, os produtores estão, nalguns casos, mal preparados para lidar com a gestão do risco e são muitas vezes afetados por variáveis financeiras e económicas que tornam as explorações inviáveis. Para reverter esta realidade, de forma a auxiliar os produtores, pretendeu-se neste trabalho avaliar o interesse que os produtores demonstram relativamente à utilização de contratos futuros e contratos forward como estratégias de cobertura de risco no mercado bovino europeu, e ainda determinar os fatores que influenciam este interesse. De forma a responder a esta questão de investigação, caracterizou-se o setor bovino europeu e português para identificação dos principiais condicionalismos que têm impacto negativo nas explorações, em especial na resiliência socioeconómica das explorações. Além disto, uma análise orientada para esta estratégia de cobertura de risco e a sua aplicação em países terceiros (Austrália, Brasil, Chile e EUA), foi elaborada de forma a caracterizar o funcionamento de mercados futuros de bovinos nestes países, bem como os benefícios e as desvantagens decorrentes da sua aplicação para os seus produtores. Foram inquiridos 101 produtores de bovinos de carne de diferentes países com o objetivo de perceber as principais diferenças associadas à relação entre as características produtivas e a gestão do risco existente nas explorações de bovinos de carne. O nível de recetividade para a utilização destes contratos também foi objeto de estudo. Foi possível classificar os produtores em dois grupos diferentes, os produtores Gestores Qualificados e os produtores Gestores Desinteressados. Concluiu-se ainda que existem diferenças entre produtores portugueses e de outros países europeus, no âmbito da produção de bovinos de carne e na utilização de mecanismos de gestão de risco. Não foi possível concluir que fatores determinam o interesse dos produtores europeus pela utilização de contratos futuros e forward.
ABSTRACT - Futures and forwards contracts as a hedging strategy in the European Beef Cattle market - Risk associated with beef production always depends on circumstances that lack human control, such as climate change that causes increasingly drastic and unpredictable occurrences. In addition to these climatic events, producers are in some cases poorly prepared to deal with risk management and are often affected by financial and economic variables that make farms unviable. To reverse this reality, in order to help producers, this paper aimed to analyse the interest that producers have regarding the use of futures and forward contracts as hedging strategies in the European beef market, and also to determine the factors that influence this interest. In order to answer this research question, the European and Portuguese bovine sector was characterized to identify the main constraints that have a negative impact on farms, especially on the socio-economic resilience of farms. Furthermore, an analysis oriented towards this hedging strategy and its application in third countries (Australia, Brazil, Chile and USA), was elaborated in order to characterize the functioning of bovine futures markets in these countries, as well as the benefits and disadvantages arising from its application for their producers. A total of 101 beef cattle producers from different countries were surveyed with the purpose of understanding the main differences associated with the relationship between production characteristics and risk management on beef cattle farms. The receptiveness level for the use of these contracts was also studied. It was possible to classify producers into two different groups, the Qualified Manager producers and the Uninterested Manager producers. It was also concluded that there are differences between Portuguese producers and those from other European countries, in the scope of beef cattle production and in the use of risk management mechanisms. It was not possible to conclude what factors determine the interest of European producers in the use of futures and forward contracts.
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Caetano, Bruno Manuel Matos. "Aplicação de estratégias de hedging com futuros no custo de combustível da Força Aérea Portuguesa". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6308.
Texto completoNo quadro da atual conjuntura económica de elevada vulnerabilidade, a gestão do risco assume um papel relevante do ponto de vista organizacional. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir a análise dos efeitos da aplicação de estratégias de hedging no custo com jet fuel da Força Aérea Portuguesa (FAP), através da utilização de futuros sobre o heating oil. A aplicação desta estratégia pretende minimizar a volatilidade do preço da matéria-prima bem como reduzir o custo total decorrente do aumento de valor do combustível nos mercados, aumentado desta forma a estabilidade orçamental. Assim, foi utilizada uma metodologia ex post facto baseada no preço pago em jet fuel pela FAP (JP8 e Jet A1), no período entre Abril de 2006 e Dezembro de 2011, considerando três cenários de hedging: aquisição de futuros anual, semestral, e trimestral. Para cada cenário foi estudada a percentagem de hedging ideal. Os resultados demonstram que, genericamente, uma cobertura total das necessidades de ambos os combustíveis através da compra de contratos de futuros do heating oil permitiria uma poupança e uma menor volatilidade no preço de combustível. A aquisição anual de futuros revelou-se a opção mais consistente no quadro da gestão de risco aqui analisada, dado que permitiria uma poupança total de 7,356 milhões ao longo dos seis anos do estudo, demonstrando que a aplicação de estratégias de hedging poderia ter-se afigurado uma alternativa viável no contexto da FAP. Estes resultados revelam-se congruentes com dados de estudos internacionais desenvolvidos quer no sector público quer no privado.
Under the current economic situation of high vulnerability, risk management plays an important role in organizations. In this sense, the objective of this research is to present and discuss the analysis of the implementation of jet fuel hedging strategies in Portuguese Air Force (PoAF), through the use of heating oil futures. The application of such strategies aims to reduce the volatility of monthly purchase price and reduce the total cost resulting from sudden upturn in jet prices, thereby increasing budgetary stability. Thus, was used an ex post facto methodology based in price paid for jet fuel (JP8 and Jet A1) in the period from April 2006 to December 2011, considering three hedging scenarios: cover twelve, six and three months ahead. For each scenario was studied the optimal hedging position. The results show that, generally, full coverage of jet fuel needs by purchasing heating oil futures contracts allow savings and less volatility in the price of fuel. The annual cover proved to be the more consistent strategy in the risk management analysis as it would have provided savings of 7,356 million over the six years of the study, showing that PoAF would have benefited from undertaking a hedging position. These results are consistent with data from international studies developed either in the private or public sector.
Zhang, Siran. "The Predictive Power of the VIX Futures Prices on Future Realized Volatility". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2174.
Texto completoQuintino, Derick David. "Contratos futuros de etanol hidratado na BVMF-BOVESPA: uma análise de viabilidade". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-16092013-081051/.
Texto completoThe purpose of this text is to study the main characteristics of Brazilian hydrous ethanol in order to assess the viability of its future market at BVMF-BOVESPA. Four lines research are presented. In the first text is made a historical approach which covers the early years of the first sugar and ethanol contracts in Brazil, analyzing them also from an institutional perspective. It was found that ethanol is a non-perishable commodity and homogeneous in the local market context, however were verified the existence of significant transaction costs, some level of market concentration and agents preferences of operate in international benchmark commodities futures. The second text covers the launching of ethanol´s new contract occurred in May 2010 and the substitution of underlying commodity, hydrous ethanol of the expense at anhydrous. The analysis of this text were restricted to measurable criteria, and were assessed volatility of spot prices, correlations of returns between spot and futures prices, hedging and cross-hedging effectiveness, and the degree of market concentration. All factors analyzed were favorable to success of hydrous ethanol future contract, except the degree of market concentration. Although it was not show high levels of concentration, it was increasing consistently over the period. The third paper analyses spot and futures ethanol prices relationship in Brazil. It was found that both prices has a long run equilibrium and futures prices help to predict spot prices, as well spot prices help to predict spot prices. However, were found that futures prices has a limited role on determination of spot prices, and the latter is responsible for price discovery process in the long run. Finally, the fourth text held a field survey with marketing agents located in mills, in order to verify in qualitative terms the main barriers to the development of hydrous ethanol futures markets in Brazil. Several obstacles were found and stand out the competition with gasoline, lack of contract design, the possibility of major profits in spot market through commercialization pools or off-season sales in specific periods, the degree of concentration in hydrous ethanol wholesale industry and lack of interest from distributors industry in operating in Brazilian ethanol futures markets.
Estevão, João Manuel Jorge. "As especificidades dos futuros de electricidade - aplicação ao mercado ibérico". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3436.
Texto completoO MIBEL surge numa perspectiva de integração e cooperação dos sistemas eléctricos português e espanhol através do qual é possível negociar futuros sobre a electricidade num mercado organizado. A gestão dessa cooperação baseia-se no mecanismo de market splitting que consiste na separação dos mercados quando a oferta não consegue satisfazer as necessidades da procura, o que dá origem a "picos" de preços no mercado. Este estudo pretende clarificar o modo de funcionamento do mercado dos derivados de electricidade e o comportamento dos preços dos futuros de electricidade. Para tal, analisou-se uma amostra dos preços dos futuros, com diferentes maturidades (diária, semanal e mensal), relativa ao período compreendido entre Julho de 2007 e Dezembro de 2010. Constatou-se que os futuros do MIBEL apresentam sazonalidade diária, e não sazonalidade nos contratos de maturidade semanal e mensal. Além disso, verificou-se a existência de "picos" de preços, o que se encontra relacionado com a presença de elevada volatilidade.
MIBEL appears in the perspective of integration and cooperation between Portuguese and Spanish electric markets and allows the negotiation of electricity futures in the organized market. The management of that cooperation is based in the market splitting mechanism, i.e. market separation when the supply cannot satisfy the demand, this origins "spikes" prices in the market. This study aims to clarify how the electricity derivatives market works and the behavior of the electricity prices. To these purpose, we've analyzed a sample of futures electricity prices, of different maturities (daily, weekly and monthly), which reports to a period between July 2007 and December 2010. It was found that the futures of MIBEL have daily seasonality and non-seasonality in the weak and monthly contracts. Furthermore, it was verified the existence of "spikes" in the futures electricity prices, related to the presence of high volatility.
Silva, Gustavo de Souza e. "Novos instrumentos de financiamento do agronegócio brasileiro e uma análise das alternativas de investimentos para o CDA/WA". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-21062006-104414/.
Texto completoThe traditional instrument of financing is that one used by the National System of Rural Credit - SNCR and that has as source of resource the budget of the government, the banking liabilities, the green saving. The not traditional instruments can be considered the new mechanisms which have as source of funding private resources and that aims as to substitute the traditional instruments of the farming financing. The Law 11,076, of December 30, 2004, officialized five titles of credits that will have to be used by the agents of the agribusiness to raise private resources to its financing and to increase the turn of capital of the own sector, besides giving new writing to the Law number 9,973, of May 29, 2000, which deliberates on the system of storage of the farming products. The new instruments of financing of the agribusiness are: Certificate of Agribusiness Deposit - CDA, Agribusiness Warrant - WA, and Certificates of Rights to Receive - CDCA, Agribusiness Letter of Credit - LCA and Certified of Receivable of the Agribusiness - CRA. The objective of these instruments is to detach the concession of credit of the official system and to develop a new mechanism of financing of the agribusiness through titles based in deposited agricultural products and titles of agricultural debts that must increase the relationship between the financial and agribusiness sector as a whole, and it is expected that the financing will become more efficient for the producer and less expensive to the government. This work defines the Brazilian scene where these new titles have been created, it presents the justifications for the creation of these titles and shows the mechanisms used by the market to raise resources from the private sector, presents and it discuss the legislation of these new titles. Finally, it was searched alternative of investment for these papers in the physical and future markets of six agricultural products using data from January 2005 to October of 2005: bulk sugar, cotton, rice, Arabica coffee, maize and soybean. Two situations had been considered: speculations with the CDA and WA, where the investor acquires the title and speculates with each product; and operation of spread, where the investing purchase the CDA/WA (physical market) and locks the interest rate in an operation with the futures market of the Brazilian Mercantile & Futures Exchange - BM&F, without being exposed to the price variations. In the case of the rice only the analysis of the physical prices was done because of the absence of the futures market for this product in the BM&F. From this, it was concluded that the speculation with the agricultural products did not have good results in the period. However, the operations of spread of the futures market of the BM&F with the CDA/WA had offered good opportunities of profitability to the investor who was able to operate at the correct moment.
Pinho, Américo José Marques de. "Análise de preço e de risco de mercado de contratos futuros da divida externa". Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/92/92131/tde-14082008-153824/.
Texto completoThe increasing volume of transactions and the diversity in the market of derivatives more take the search of models sophisticated for the esteem of the price and the calculation of the risk in this market. Associated to this premise at some moments of great world-wide liquidity, virtuous circles of improvement in the world-wide economy and fall of the individual prices of risk of the headings emitted for the had countries as developed (U.S.A., some countries of the Europe Community and others), the great world-wide investors can look alternatives in financial assets of developing countries that offer a bigger return. To leave of these arguments and the fact of the increase of the volume of captation and the great valuation of headings of he divides external Brazilian in 2003, was chosen shape future contracts of negotiated headings of divides external Brazilian in the Bolsa de Mercadoria Futuro. The future contract of headings of divides external Brazilian is a derivative of the C-Bond or Global40 or EI Bond that involves two distinct currencies (the Real and the Dollar American North) in which the return is gotten in term of values of the variable measured in the currency Dollar American North since the heading is quoted in this currency, however the market adjustment is called in the Real currency. Similarity in the United States of America exists a similar derivative: the future contract of NIKKEI225 negotiated in the future market of Chicago Mercantile Exchange for North American investors. This contract of NIKKEI225 is classified by diverse authors in one of the categories of Quanto Derivative for being a derivative that involves two distinct currencies in which the return is gotten in term of values of the variable measured in the first currency, being carried through in the second currency. Being thus, this dissertation attributes which category of Quanto Derivative future contracts of headings of it divides external Brazilian, it esteem the market price and it calculates the risk of market of the future contract of C-Bond associating the structure of Quanto Derivative. Although in terms of attribution of the category this contract of C-Bond is of category I of WEI (1997) which had to the fact of the quotation of the currency (PTAX800) to vary the long one of the days until the expiration, a possibility of being attributed category II of WEI (1997) happened of a particularity in the quotation of the Brazilian cambial market was raised. This happened particularity of the intermediate exchange and transaction PTAX800, that is a weighed mean of the volume negotiated in the day, is generated due to concentration of the businesses to be 12:00 to 13:00. Therefore with the information of the intermediate exchange divulged by the Brazilian Central Bank it is possible to determine before the end of the end with good precision the value of transaction PTAX800 and being thus to open the possibility of the classification of the contract of C-Bond in category II for possessing the quotation of the fixed currency for this day. The modeling of price esteem was carried through for the two categories and got little resulted significant that can define which category are adjusted. Already in the modeling of market risk the contract of C-Bond was considered as one Quanto Derivative of category II and the results they had been satisfactory with the approval of the Value in Risk calculated based in KUPIEC (1995).
Takeuchi, Rodrigo. "Uma investigação sobre a hipótese de eficiência do mercado de açúcar no Brasil". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/96/96131/tde-28072009-095416/.
Texto completoThe sugar-ethanol sector turns itself each more relevant to Brazilian economy due its strategic position at the several segments in the national productive chain. A time ago, the contribution of the sector occurred specially for the sugar and alcohol for normal cars foreign trade but today this value receive the contribution of alcohol for flex fuel cars and the generation of energy. Besides the huge complexity of the sugar cane sugar agricultural trade there are the all operational risks involved that can be due the market or due the production. This study broach the subject of market risk, specifically when there is a fluctuation in sugar price and the contracts financial futures work out against these changes. For the mechanism to be a real protection is necessary that the market has the efficiency in to absorb the all existing information about it and to reproduce the effect in the price. For this reason the study aims to analyze about the veracity of the financial futures and spot efficiency hypotheses and the instrument for that investigation was the Engle & Granger cointegration models. The method of Johansen was also used to confirm the robustness of the results found at the first model. The data base was constituted by the financial futures base of the New York Board of Trade (NYBOT) and the spot prices found at Centro de Estudos Avançados em Economia Aplicada (CEPEA-ESALQ), all of them at the daily base. The period used is July, 1997 until February, 2008. The founded results indicate for an existing market efficiency.
SILVA, Roberta Araújo e. "Impacto das mudanças climáticas sobre a produtividade e pegada hídrica da soja cultivada na região do Matopiba". Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2018. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/1454.
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CNPq
Neste estudo foram avaliadas as condições atuais e os efeitos das mudanças climáticas sobre a produtividade e pegada hídrica da soja cultivada na região de Matopiba. Para simular a produtividade da cultura foi usado o modelo AquaCrop versão 5.0 da FAO, calibrado com dados do ano de 2016 e validado com os de 2014, usando parâmetros de clima, solo, cultura e manejo coletados em duas campanhas experimentais realizadas entre os meses de junho e outubro nos anos de 2014 e 2016 em Palmas, TO. O desempenho do modelo foi avaliado utilizando os indicadores estatísticos: erro de previsão (Ep), coeficiente de determinação (R2), raiz quadrada do erro médio (RMSE), erro médio absoluto (EMA), eficiência de Nash e Sutcliffe (NSE), e o índice de concordância de Willmontt´s (d). A calibração e validação da produtividade da cultura de soja estimada pelo modelo AquaCrop, apresentaram resultados satisfatórios, ilustrando a robustez e a aplicabilidade geral do modelo. O modelo AquaCrop subestima a produtividade de grãos de soja, para condições de estresse hídrico severo durante todo o ciclo de cultivo. Após a calibração e validação, o AquaCrop foi utilizado como ferramenta de simulação de produtividade da cultura da soja para o cenário atual (2016) e de mudanças climáticas a médio (2045/2046; 2055/2056) e longo prazo (2075/2076; 2064/2095), alimentado por dados de dois modelos climáticos (HadGEM2-ES e MIROC5) e considerando as RCP 4.5 e 8.5. Em seguida, calculou-se a pegada hídrica (verde, azul e cinza) de soja atual dos principais municípios produtores, de cada estado que compõem a região do Matopiba. Posteriormente, avaliaram-se os efeitos das possíveis mudanças climáticas sob a produtividade e pegada hídrica da soja, considerando as variações climáticas com foco na temperatura, precipitação e CO2. Os modelos climáticos projetaram aumento da produtividade em ambas as RCP consideradas, porém mais acentuado sob a RCP 8.5, em decorrência do aumento da temperatura e concentração de CO2 e a precipitação, que mesmo sofrendo redução nos totais pluviométricos ao longo do tempo, ainda atendendo a necessidade hídrica da soja. As PHsoja atuais da região do Matopiba, variaram de 2036,60 m³t-1 a 2584,12 m³t-1, valores similares aos encontradas na literatura. Sob cenários de mudanças climáticas, a PHsoja decresce ao longos os anos. A PHsoja futura decresce, especialmente a componente verde, devido ao aumento menos acentuado da evapotranspiração, resultando em maior rendimento final. As PHverde diminuem ao longos dos anos, as PHazul aumenta na mesma proporção e as PHcinza apresentam comportamento praticamente continuo. Os resultados deste estudo podem ser usados para quantificar a produtividade futura da soja, a demanda de água e a sua utilização, bem como obter informações úteis para a gestão dos recursos hídricos na região de estudo.
This study evaluated the current conditions and effects of climate change on the productivity and water footprint of soybean cultivated in Matopiba region. To simulate crop productivity, the FAO AquaCrop version 5.0 model was used, calibrated with data from 2016 and validated with 2014, using climate, soil, crop and management parameters collected in two experimental campaigns conducted between the months of June and October in the years 2014 and 2016 in Palmas, TO. The performance of the model was evaluated using the statistical indicators: prediction error (Ep), coefficient of determination (R2), square root mean error (RMSE), mean absolute error (EMA), Nash efficiency and Sutcliffe (NSE) and Willmontt's agreement index (d). Calibration and validation of soybean crop productivity estimated by the AquaCrop model presented satisfactory results, illustrating the robustness and general applicability of the model. The AquaCrop model underestimates soybean grain yield for severe water stress conditions throughout the growing cycle. After calibration and validation, AquaCrop was used as a simulation tool for soybean crop productivity for the current scenario (2016) and medium-term (2045/2046; 2055/2056) and long-term (2075/2076; 2064/2095), fed by data from two climatic models (HadGEM2-ES and MIROC5) and considering RCPs 4.5 and 8.5. Then, the water footprint (green, blue and gray) of the current soybean of the main producing municipalities of each state that compose the Matopiba region was calculated. Subsequently, the effects of possible climatic changes under soybean productivity and water footprint, considering the climatic variations with focus on temperature, precipitation and CO2, were evaluated. The climatic models projected increase of productivity in both RCP considered, but more accentuated under RCP 8.5, due to the increase in temperature and concentration of CO2 and precipitation, that even undergoing a reduction in rainfall totals over time, still taking into account water requirement of soybeans. The current PHsoja of the Matopiba region, ranged from 2036.60 m³t-1 to 2584.12 m³t-1, values similar to those found in the literature. Under scenarios of climate change, the PHsoja decreases over the years. The future PHsoja decreases, especially the green component, due to the less accentuated increase of the evapotranspiration, resulting in greater final yield. PHverde decreases over the years, PHazul increases in the same proportion and PHcinza show practically continuous behavior. The results of this study can be used to quantify future soybean yield, water demand and utilization, as well as to obtain useful information for the management of water resources in the study region.
Stultz, Bailey E. "Mnemonic Futures: Exploring the future of place-based memory in post-industrial landscapes". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1522340029293925.
Texto completoMoreira, Nádia Maria Lebedev Martinez. "O caráter oracular da mídia". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/4752.
Texto completoConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
The research aim to establish a direct relationship between its subjects, the Oracle and the Media. The main hypothesis is that the media has an oracular character. This reflection seems to be new within the Media Theory studies, and speculates that the future has a present event status. The oracles, or oracular character figures, when performing their predictions, design the future in the present, building scenarios that guide both the individual in his private life, as the society as a whole. The adopted methodological strategy sought to develop an archeology of the oracles in the West - especially the Oracle of Delphi, given its importance to the emergence of Western civilization and its institutions, including the media itself understanding them as backers of information, also a defining characteristic of the media. Researches concepts proposed by the Theory of Media in the reflections of Norval Baitello, Harry Pross and Flusser. Anxiety about the future is read from Soren Kierkegaard and Carl Gustav Jung. Within the concept of cultural anxiety Rafael Lopez-Pedraza, thinks the relationship of individuals and society in the future, this relationship also studied by Julian Jaynes in his deconstruction of the bicameral mind. Also Norbert Elias, who investigates what he calls a society of individuals. The hypothesis is tested trough media examples that analyze topics such as the economic crisis brought by the US housing bubble; Brazilian water crisis in 2015; and predictions about games results in sporting championships
A pesquisa procurou estabelecer uma relação direta entre seus objetos de estudo, o Oráculo e a Mídia. A hipótese principal é que a mídia possui um caráter oracular. Essa reflexão parece ser nova dentro dos estudos da Teoria da Mídia, e especula sobre o futuro como um estado de acontecimento presente. São os oráculos, ou de figuras de caráter oracular, que ao realizarem suas previsões, projetam o futuro no presente, construindo cenários que orientam tanto o indivíduo em sua vida particular, quanto à sociedade como um todo. A estratégia metodológica adotada buscou elaborar uma arqueologia dos oráculos no Ocidente principalmente do Oráculo de Delfos, dada sua importância fundante para o surgimento da civilização Ocidental e de suas instituições, entre elas, a própria mídia , entendendo-os como veiculadores de informações, característica também definidora do midiático. A pesquisa estuda conceitos propostos pela Teoria da Mídia nas reflexões de Norval Baitello, Harry Pross e Vilém Flusser. A angústia com relação ao futuro é lida a partir de Soren Kierkegaard e Carl Gustav Jung. Com o conceito ansiedade cultural de Rafael Lopez-Pedraza, pensa-se a relação dos indivíduos e da sociedade com o futuro, relação essa estudada também em Julian Jaynes com sua desconstrução da mente bicameral. Além de Norbert Elias, que investiga o que ele mesmo denomina de sociedade dos indivíduos. A hipótese é testada a partir de exemplos midiáticos que analisam temas como a crise econômica instaurada pela bolha imobiliária americana; a crise hídrica brasileira em 2015; e previsões feitas sobre resultados de jogos em campeonatos esportivos
Fredriksson, Joel y Andreas Kristoffersson. "Moderna hävstångsinstrument : En studie av Mini Futures framtid på den svenska marknaden". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-18976.
Texto completoThere has been a boom on the Swedish market for leveraged products and a whole new set of product innovations and issuers have emerged. Trading in Mini Futures is widely spread in Europe and the product was launched on the Swedish market a few years ago. The purpose of this paper is to identify both issuers and consumers' views on Mini Futures and analyze if these leveraged products are suitable for small time investors. Also, we want to explore the potential of the product and what future prospects look like on the Swedish market. We conducted a qualitative study where we interviewed people who work in close association with, and have a vast knowledge of, leveraged instruments. In order to raise the investor’s perspective we have also supplemented this study with a quantitative survey. The respondents consisted of members from the Young Shareholders Association which we consider have a good awareness of the market. Mini Futures is a relatively new product and research in this field is very limited. Therefore we had to build our theoretical framework with theories that affect the stock market in general. For example stock market psychology, risk and portfolio theory. In order to understand modern investor behavior, we also included some research on Generation Y. In the analysis, we combine the empirical research results with the results of the survey and sought support from the theoretical framework. This was then analyzed from selected areas Risk and opportunity, Leverage in the portfolio, Knowledge and marketing, Conditions for the issuers´s choice, Future options and development. The conclusions presented in this paper concerns how the savings in Mini Futures should relate to traditional savings, which individuals are not appropriate to trade with Mini Futures, for which purposes the product can be used and how the future development will look like on the Swedish market. Finally, we give recommendations for future research in the area.
Mattos, Fabio Lanhoso de. "Utilização de contratos futuros agropecuários em carteiras de investimentos: uma análise de viabilidade". Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-03072002-155735/.
Texto completoCapitani, Daniel Henrique Dario. "Viabilidade de implantação de um contrato futuro de arroz no Brasil". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-15052013-102802/.
Texto completoRice is particularly an important agricultural commodity to Brazil and elementary for food security of the low income population. Unlike other important agricultural markets in the country, rice does not have a domestic futures contract. Thereby, the purpose of the thesis is to evaluate the feasibility of a rice futures contract development in Brazil. For that, the research was separated in three major chapters. The first chapter evaluates the primary conditions for a rice futures contract based on the literature of the success and failure of new futures contracts. By a critical literature review it was identified that some conditions are favorable for the contract creation, as the domestic potential market, the commodity homogeneity and the market concentration ratio. However, some features are not satisfactory enough for the new rice futures contract\'s liquidity. A low diversity of final product and also the current government intervention on the rice production and trade are considered as issues that might discourage the hedge demand from rice agents. The second chapter purposed the price risk measurement for rice producers as for producers of several Brazilian agricultural commodities that already have a domestic futures contract. The central analysis was based on dispersion and risk measures calculation, as volatility, coefficient of variation, lower partial moments, value-at-risk and conditional value-at-risk. At each downside risk framework were assumed some benchmarks. Results suggest that rice market presents the highest price risk. However, the government minimum price policy acts as an important mechanism for rice producers risk management. Considering this policy, although rice still have an elevated risk degree, this level decreases and reach a baseline similar than corn. The third chapter centralizes its discussion on the cross-hedge analysis among Brazilian rice cash prices and rice futures prices in Chicago as with corn and soybean futures prices in BM&FBOVESPA. The methods were focused on the basis risk behavior and on the estimation of the optimal hedge ratio and hedge effectiveness. Estimations suggest that none of those cross-hedge operations are enough feasible to attend Brazilian rice agents. Then, cross-hedge operations might not result in cannibalism against a new rice futures contract. Final conclusions lead to a comprehension that rice presents a high price risk level and many primary conditions favorable to the contract creation. Nevertheless, it is necessary carefully attention to the government agricultural policies impacts at this market.
Ferreira, Paulo Fernando Tadeu. "Enunciado asseverativo e contingência em Aristóteles: A batalha naval amanhã em De Interpretatione 9". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-26082009-004315/.
Texto completoAristotles refusal of causal determinism in Metaphysics E3/K8 by means of the thesis that not every event is necessitated entails (given the conception put forward in Categories 5 that a proposition is either true or false according to its either corresponding or not corresponding at a given time to a state of affairs at that same given time) his refusal of logical determinism in De Interpretatione 9 by means of the thesis that propositions about future contingent events are neither true nor false ex ante facto but become either true or false afterwards. Aristotles commitment to non-necessitated events stems, it is argued, from his commitment to the notion of deliberation. This work includes a translation, with commentary, of De Interpretatione 9.
Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo de. "A realidade e seus signos: as proposições sobre o futuro contingente e a predestinação divina na lógica de Guilherme de Ockham". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-08012008-100954/.
Texto completoThe \"William of Ockham\'s Exposition on the \'Perihermenias\' of Aristotle (i.e., the Aristotelian De Interpretatione)\" brings a problem \"to the truth and to the theologians\": according to Aristotle, the hypothetical proposition which contains a pair of contradictories related to the same future contingent thing is neither determinately true nor determinately false - once none of their contradictories are neither determinately true nor determinately false. Therefore, before that thing happens, nobody can know with certainty the truth or the falsity of any proposition about future contingent things. Theologians, however, cannot accept this conclusion: the faith teaches that God knows, with certainty and from eternity, which part of that pair of contradictories is determinately true or determinately false. In Ockham\'s view, the solution of this argument seems to pass by a special approach of the logical view of this question and by the assumption of limits for the human knowledge. It\'s on the analysis of this solution that the present work is related.
Atkinson, Stuart. "A futures approach to water distribution and sewer network (re)design". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/10730.
Texto completoVasconcelos, Maria Aurilene de Deus Moreira. "Jovens e projetos de futuro: narrativas de alunos egressos da Escola Estadual de EducaÃÃo Profissional Paulo Petrola". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12640.
Texto completoOs contextos sociais, polÃticos e econÃmicos, mediados pela aleatoriedade e contingÃncias da sociedade contemporÃnea, interferem sobremaneira nas relaÃÃes da juventude com a educaÃÃo escolar e perspectivas juvenis e, por conseguinte, nas trajetÃrias biogrÃficas dos jovens. Este estudo objetiva conhecer as perspectivas e projetos de futuro dos jovens egressos da Escola Estadual de EducaÃÃo Profissional Paulo Petrola. Descobrir os âmundos de vidaâ desses jovens, seus percursos e suas perspectivas de futuro em tempos de instabilidades e incertezas, de tensÃo entre o presente e o futuro, de laÃos persistentes de dependÃncia e de anseios insistentes de autonomia. Para isto, definiu-se a Pesquisa Qualitativa como abordagem para a investigaÃÃo buscando um mÃtodo que permitisse o diÃlogo mais prÃximo com os sujeitos envolvidos, adotando, assim, o mÃtodo da Entrevista Narrativa. Os resultados encontrados na pesquisa revelam que os projetos de vida que os jovens idealizam nem sempre coincidem com seus itinerÃrios biogrÃficos. As transiÃÃes dos jovens para a vida adulta nÃo sÃo apenas determinadas pela educaÃÃo, formaÃÃo, participaÃÃo no mercado de trabalho. SÃo tambÃm configuradas pelas vicissitudes de suas vidas, as quais sÃo cÃclicas, de percursos sinuosos, caminhos incertos e algumas vezes precisam ser retomadas. Suas transiÃÃes para a vida adulta e profissional sÃo atravessadas por sucessivas mudanÃas transitÃrias. Palavras-chave: Juventude. Projeto de futuro. Escola.
Social, political and economic context mutually counteracted by the contemporary society randomization and contingencies, interfere excessively in the youth relations with school education and juvenile perspectives therefore in their biographical trajectories .This study intends to know the future perspectives and projects of the egresso students of the Paulo Petrola State School of Professional Education. This study also intends to discover the way of living of those young people, their trajectories and outlook in a period of instabilities and uncertainties, and of tension between present and future in times of persistent action of dependence and of constant aspiration of autonomy. For that purpose we defined the Qualitative Research as a way of investigation looking for a method that provided the best dialogue with the involved actors, using this way the Narrative Interview. The results joined to the research revealed that the idealized youth life projects not always coincide with their biographical itineraries. The youth transitions to adult live are not only determined by education, character formation and participation on the business market. They are also determined by their life circumstances that are cyclical, of sinuous tragetories , of uncertain ways and sometimes they need to be retaken.Their transitions to professional and adult life are characterized by successive transitory changes.
Silva, Ester Cardoso da [UNESP]. "A expressão do tempo futuro no português brasileiro dos séculos XVIII ao XX". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93877.
Texto completoCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O presente trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre o tempo futuro português de parte da região sudeste do Brasil em textos semi-formais dos séc. XVIII, XIX e XX. Por meio de uma pesquisa diacrônica, o estudo objetiva verificar se a perífrase IR+INF, tão presente na fala do brasileiro contemporâneo, é fruto do atual momento lingüístico, ou se já ocorria em estágios anteriores da língua. Buscamos, também determinas em que momento seja dos estágios anteriores da língua ou do contemporâneo, tal perífrase tornou-se mais freqüente, observando quais os fatores internos e externos da língua que contribuiram para que essa forma analítica do tempo futuro se tornasse a predominante no uso. O estudo mostrou que os que parece ser inovação na língua é, na realidade, uma tendência observada desde o latim; verificou-se ainda que fatores como pessoa verbal, animacidade do sujeito, verbo como elemento vizinho da forma futurizada e tipo de verbo são fatores que ajudam a explicar a ditribuição das formas do tempo futuro. Além disso, observou-se que fatores externos à língua como a história da comunidade de falantes, também contribuíram para explicar o comportamento desse tempo verbal.
This paper presents a study about the future tense in Portuguese as used in part of the southeastern area of Brazil in semi-formal texts of the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. By means of a diachronic research the study aimed to verify if the periphrasis IR+INF, so characteristics of the speech of contemporary Brazilians is the fruit of this linguistics moment, or if it was already present in previous moments of the language. We tried, also, to determine in which moment - be it one of the previous moments of the language or the contemporary one - such periphrasis became more frequent, observing which are the intrernal and external factors of the language that contribuited to that analytical form of the future tense to become the most employed. The study showed that what seems to be innovation in the language is, in fact, a tendency observed since Latin. Besides this, it was verified that factors as verbal person, animacity, and verb type help to explain the distribuition of the future tense forms. Finally, it was observed that externat factors, as the history of the speakers community, also contributed to explain the behavior of the future verbal tense.
Keyser, Johannes de Kock. "The relationship between futures prices and expected future spot prices : some South African evidence". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53155.
Texto completoENGLISH ABSTRACT: A unique data set consisting of economists' expectations on key economic indicators was examined within the context of the controversial normal backwardation theory of Keynes. The economists' expectations were regarded as the expected future spot price and the relationship between them and the corresponding futures contracts was analysed. The respective economic indicators were: i) the yield from aparastatal Bond, ii) the yield from Government Bonds, iii) the rate of the 90 day Banker's Acceptance (BA) Deposit Rate and iv) the Rand/Dollar (R/$) Exchange Rate for the past seven years, i.e. 1995 to 2001. The accuracy of the economists' predictions was tested both on a visual basis and the relationship between the expected values and the futures prices was plotted in a graphical format. A nonparametric statistical procedure was used to determine whether the economists' expectations were of any value. To put it differently, the question being posed is: do these economists, as a group, possess some superior forecasting skills? Two different conclusions were reached from the analysis: First conclusion: by accepting the normal backwardation theory, it implies that the contango theory also holds. Therefore, when analysing the data set visually - depending on which theory it supports - the futures price must trade consistently below or above the expected future spot price. For this particular analysis the yield of the bond, and not its price, was the important factor. In most cases the plotted relationships between the expected values and the futures prices were found to support the contango theory and, to a lesser extent, the normal backwardation theory. Hence, speculators were, in order to make profits, predominately sellers of futures contracts. Second conclusion: the strongest conclusion, however, follows from the statistical tests conducted on the expected values. It was found that economists do possess some superior forecasting skills and if they had used their predictions and had taken the corresponding market positions, they would have been consistent winners in the futures market. Their reward would be mainly for their ability to forecast eventual spot prices and, to a lesser extent, for their risk bearing. It was impossible to link the two conclusions to confirm the normal backwardation theory, for the particular South African data set. The evidence is thus consistent with the hypothesis that the futures price is an unbiased estimate of the expected future spot price.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Unieke datastel, bestaande uit ekonome se vooruitsigte van kern ekonomiese aanwysers, is ondersoek binne die konteks van die omstrede normale terugwaardasie-teorie (d.i. "normal backwardation theory") van Keynes. Die ekonome se vooruitsigte is aanvaar as die verwagte toekomstige kontantprys en die verhouding hiertussen en die ooreenstemmende termynpryse is ontleed. Die onderskeie ekonomiese aanwysers was: i) die opbrengs op 'n Semi-Staatseffek, ii) die opbrengs op Staatseffekte, iii) die koers van die negentig-dae-Bankaksepte (BA) Depositokoers en iv) die Rand/Dollar (R/$) Wisselkoers oor die afgelope sewe jaar, d.w.s. 1995 tot 2001. Die akkuraatheid van die ekonome se vooruitskattings is op 'n visuele basis vergelyk, en die verhouding tussen die verwagte prys en die termynpryse is in grafiese formaat gekarteer. 'n Nie-parametriese statistiese prosedure is gebruik om vas te stel of hierdie ekonome se vooruitsigte van enige waarde was. Anders gestel, die vraag is: beskik hierdie ekonome as 'n groep oor sekere superieure vooruitskattingsvaardighede? Die volgende twee afsonderlike gevolgtrekkings is geformuleer: Eerste gevolgtrekking: deur die normale terugwaardasie-teorie te aanvaar, impliseer dit dat die contango-teorie (d.i, "contango theory") ook geldig is. Dus, wanneer die datastel visueel getoets word - afhangende van watter teorie dit ondersteun - moet die termynprys konsekwent bo of onder die verwagte toekomstige kontantprys verhandel. Vir hierdie bepaalde analise was die opbrengs van die staatseffek die belangrike faktor en nié die prys daarvan nie. In die meeste gevalle het die gekarteerde verhouding tussen die verwagte prys en die termynprys getoon dat dit die contango-teorie ondersteun het en, in 'n mindere mate, die normale terugwaardasie-teorie. Derhalwe was spekulante, ten einde wins te maak, oorwegend die verkopers van termynkontrakte. Tweede gevolgtrekking: die belangrikste gevolgtrekking volg egter uit die statistiese toetse wat uitgevoer is op die verwagte pryse. Daar is bevind dat ekonome wel oor superieure vooruitskattingsvaardighede beskik en dat, indien hulle hul vooruitskattings gebruik en die ooreenstemmende markposisies ingeneem het, hulle konsekwent wenners in die termynmark sou gewees het. Hulle vergoedings sou hoofsaaklik gewees het vir hulle vermoë om uiteindelike kontantpryse te voorspel en, in 'n mindere mate, vir hulle risiko-blootstelling. Dit was onmoontlik om hierdie twee vergelykings met mekaar te verbind om sodoende die normale terugwaardasie-teorie te onderskryf vir die betrokke Suid-Afrikaanse datastel. Die bewyslewering is dus konsekwent met die hipotese dat die termynprys 'n onsydige skatting van die verwagte toekomstige kontantprys is.
Lumbroso, Sarah. "Prospective et stratégies pour l’environnement : entre fabrique des futurs et situation de gestion, quelles prises pour l’action ?" Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLA001/document.
Texto completoFaced by challenges for the future such as that posed by the extent of ecological disruption (climate change, species extinction, pressure on water resource), the narratives regarding the future are ever multiplying, whether promising solutions via technology, models of a utopian society, or considering collapse as inevitable. Do said narratives play a part in the practical implementation of environmental management and are they supporting or restraining the action of those seeking to improve the state of ecosystems? This thesis addresses these issues by investigating the contribution of futures studies to the strategies of stakeholders acting for an effective management of environmental issues. Through eight case studies, the research work analyses how designers build futures studies so that they can provide opportunities for action to environmental actors (i.e. water agencies, protected areas managers, NGOs etc.). Futures studies influence the “manufacture of futures”, that is, the competition between various future depictions of sociotechnical systems which results in imposing or excluding certain pathways of change. By making visible, in the manufacture of futures, narratives which lend credibility to transformations of socioecological systems in favour of ecological issues, futures studies may empower environmental actors. Futures studies designers connect the results of their interventions with processes in environmental management situations. These connections can provide, not without difficulty, opportunities to influence power relationships, the negotiation of environmental management actions, and the internal processes of organisations involved. This thesis offers an analytical framework to support the strategic thinking of futures studies designers in the design and implementation of their interventions. Furthermore, it opens up new avenues on the strategic issues of producing narratives to support the transitions of sociotechnical systems
Guilló, López Mario. "Images of the Future, Participatory Foresight and Innovation Culture: Exploring the Potential of Communication via Social Networks to develop Open Innovation Ecosystems". Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/40488.
Texto completoRangel, Hilt Thomas Alexander. "Costs and benefits of the use of derivatives". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7356.
Texto completoEn el primer capítulo, "El uso de derivados en la industria española de los fondos de inversión " (una investigación en conjunto con José M. Marín), analizamos el impacto del uso de derivados en el riesgo y el funcionamiento de la industria española de los fondos de inversión. La literatura financiera indica que los derivados se pueden utilizar para propósitos de la gestión de riesgos, la reducción de los costes de transacción, o el mejor manejo de la información.
Correia, Mary LÃcia Andrade. "AnÃlise das normas de proteÃÃo ambiental nos campos de dunas na praia do futuro Fortaleza-Ce". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2004. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1660.
Texto completoA urbanizaÃÃo por que vem passando a PlanÃcie LitorÃnea de Fortaleza, especialmente o trecho Praia do Futuro, compreendendo as Ãreas de proteÃÃo ambiental praia, pÃs-praia e campo de dunas, tem causado alteraÃÃes na dinÃmica dos elementos geoambientais que compÃem esta unidade. A construÃÃo desenfreada de casas, edifÃcios, e outros empreendimentos aliados à especulaÃÃo imobiliÃria em Ãreas de dunas aumenta a cada dia que passa na Praia do Futuro, comprometendo a quantidade e qualidade das reservas aqÃÃferas, e da paisagem fÃsico-ambiental e contribuindo para a degradaÃÃo ambiental da zona costeira, pois a aÃÃo de qualquer fator externo nas formaÃÃes dunares poderà acarretar conseqÃÃncias desequilibrantes dificilmente compensÃveis. Em face da degradaÃÃo ambiental jà se apresentar em avanÃado estÃdio nestas Ãreas, nos fez despertar o interesse para o estudo dos campos de dunas na PlanÃcie litorÃnea de Fortaleza compreendendo a Ãrea da Praia do Futuro, que tem por tÃtulo o trabalho de dissertaÃÃo: âAnÃlise das normas de proteÃÃo ambiental nos campos de dunas na Praia do Futuro Fortaleza - CEâ. A pesquisa tem por objetivo geral de estudo analisar as normas de proteÃÃo ambiental voltadas para preservaÃÃo e conservaÃÃo desse ecossistema. E, por objetivos especÃficos, caracterizar os tipos de ocupaÃÃes existentes nas dunas na Praia do Futuro, demonstrar os principais impactos ambientais neste ecossistema e ainda levantar as normas de proteÃÃo ambiental na Ãrea em estudo. Mencionada pesquisa tem por finalidade fornecer subsÃdios que possam contribuir na formulaÃÃo de polÃticas pÃblicas no litoral de Fortaleza, visando a transformar a realidade, oferecendo à sociedade de hoje, conhecimento sobre o quadro atual e recomendaÃÃes que poderÃo ser utilizadas com o intuito de conservaÃÃo do meio ambiente e utilizaÃÃo mais racional e sustentÃvel dos recursos naturais.
The urbanization through which the coastal lowlfand areas of Fortaleza, especially in the âPraia do Futuroâ, including the areas of environmental protection (beach, postbeach and dunes), has caused alterations in the dynamics of the geo-environmental elements which compound this unit. The unrestrained construction of houses, buildings and other real estate undertakings in dune areas is increasing in the âPraia do Futuroâ, jeopardizing the amount and quality of water resources, as well as the physical and environmental landscape, and contributing to the environmental degradation of the coastline, since the action of any external factors in the dune formation could carry unbalancing consequences which are later compensated with difficulties. In view of the environmental degradation be in an advanced stage in these areas, our interest in studying the dunes in the coastal lowland areas of Fortaleza, including the area of the âPraia do Futuroâ, was aroused in order to develop a research dissertation entitled âAnalysis of the norms for the environmental protection of the dunes in the âPraia do Futuroâ, Fortaleza-Brazilâ. This investigation has as a general object of analyzing the environmental protection norms towards the ecosystem protection and conservation. Concerning specific objects, we aim at analyzing the types of occupation existing in the dunes in the âPraia do Futuroâ, demonstrating the main environmental impacts on this ecosystem, and raising the norms for the environmental protection in the investigated area. The purpose of this research is providing information which may contribute with the formulation of new public policy for the coast of Fortaleza, seeking to transform the current reality, and to provide the society with knowledge about the current situation, as well as with recommendations, which may be used in the environmental conservation and a more rational and sustainable exploration of the natural resources.
Andrade, Elisson Augusto Pires de. "Mercados futuros: custos de transação associados à tributação, margem, ajustes e estrutura financeira". Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-24032004-150746/.
Texto completoThis research had the objective to study the importance of transaction costs in the context of Brazilian futures markets. To do that, it was proposed, primarily, a transaction cost systematization, dividing them into seven categories as follows: 1) learning and qualification; 2) exchange and brokers fees; 3) liquidity of market; 4) operation management; 5) margin; 5) cash settlement; 7) tributes. The tributes cost, that was observed as being not clearly understandable by the agents of the markets, was also systematized in a manner to be better comprehended. Natural person and legal entity are taxed differently in the futures markets exchange, and there are some differences between the proper classifications of legal entity, related with the way it is charged. Done this characterization, it was studied in a more accurately manner, some costs related with natural persons, applied to Brazilian futures markets traded at BM&F. The costs analyzed were: tributes (IRPF and CPMF), exchange and brokers fees, margin and cash settlement. It was proposed three different and complementary methods, to make possible the measurement and the understanding. The first method was based in historical price series; the second one utilized Monte Carlo simulation, based on ARIMA-GARCH models; the last method also used simulation techniques, but with a simpler theoretical model. The results demonstrated that in certain situations the costs can be very large. So, futures markets researches that consider absence of costs, or that use only the exchange and brokers fees in their analyzes, can be incurring in considerable mistakes. To present an evidence of this argument, it was obtained, for example, average transaction costs between 2 and 6,5% of the initial value of the contract. The methods utilized allowed to analyze the influence of the several factors in the transaction cost value: the length of operation, the degree of capitalization of the agent, volatility and type of operation (selling or buying contracts). It was concluded that the transaction costs analyzed is large dependent of the futures price trajectories during the period of the contract. Considering that in the beginning of the operation the real trajectory that will be verified is not known (uncertain), it implies in a risk cost that can be asymetric between the buyer and seller of the contracts. The risk cost diminishes the risk management benefits offered by futures markets, having a similar effect of basis risk. However, the former one does not depend on spot market operations, something that does not happen when the subject is basis.
Henrique, Victor Hugo de Oliveira [UNESP]. "Compreensões de licenciandos em ciências biológicas sobre a temática ambiental e suas relações com o processo educativo: implicações teóricas e práticas para o ensino de Biologia". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152757.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar as compreensões sobre a temática ambiental e suas articulações com o processo educativo em licenciandos do último semestre de um curso de licenciatura em ciências biológicas de uma universidade pública federal. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo e os dados foram coletados por meio de observações das atividades de regência, questionários e entrevistas semiestruturadas. A análise baseou-se na análise de conteúdo e consistiu nas seguintes etapas 1) pré-análise, 2) exploração do material, 3) categorização, 4) tratamento dos resultados e por fim 5) análise. Dentre os 20 licenciandos, uma minoria relatou dificuldades no exercício da regência nas escolas de ensino médio, sendo a falta de experiência um fator relatado para justificar as dificuldades. A maioria também acredita que os problemas ambientais são relevantes para a sociedade atual e apontam a poluição como principal problema. As análises também apontam para o crescimento urbano como a principal causa dos problemas ambientais e as mudanças climáticas como a principal consequência e apresentam a educação como a melhor forma de mitigação para a problemática ambiental segundo os licenciandos. Em relação as compreeensões sobre a temática ambiental apresentada pelos futuros professores, a concepção ecológica foi a que mais apresentou unidades de registro, seguida pela concepção crítica, utilitarista e por fim a naturalista. É percebido ainda pelos licenciandos uma concepção baseada em princípios biológicos acera da temática ambiental. Esperamos que com os conhecimentos construídos por meio dessa pesquisa possa contribuir na discussão sobre a formação inicial de professores de biologia e trazer reflexões sobre a educação ambiental concebida nas escolas por meio dos professores de biologia.
This paper aims to investigate the conceptions about the environmental theme and its articulations with the educational process in undergraduate students of the last semester of a licentiate course in biological sciences of a federal public university. A qualitative research was conducted and the data were collected through observations of the regency activities, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The analysis was based on content analysis and consisted of the following steps: 1) pre-analysis, 2) exploration of the material, 3) categorization, 4) treatment of results and finally 5) analysis. Among the 20 graduates, a minority reported difficulties in the exercise of regency in high schools, with lack of experience being a factor reported to justify the difficulties. Most also believe that environmental problems are relevant to today's society and point to pollution as the main problem. The analyzes also point to urban growth as the main cause of environmental problems and climate change as the main consequence and present education as the best way to mitigate environmental problems according to the graduates. In relation to the conceptions about the environmental theme presented by the future teachers, the ecological conception was the one that presented more units of registration, followed by the critical, utilitarian and finally the naturalistic conception. It is also perceived by the licenciandos a concept based on biological principles on the environmental theme. We hope that with the knowledge built through this research can contribute to the discussion about the initial training of biology teachers and bring reflections on environmental education conceived in schools through biology teachers.
Bisso, Claudio Roberto Samanez. "Implied risk premium in the soybean future contracts". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/172485.
Texto completoIn this paper we evaluate the implied risk premium embedded in soybean future prices through a well-known two-factor model in the commodity literature. Since soybean prices in the past decade have fluctuated greatly, we first examine the structural breaks in variance/volatility to obtain a proxy for risk premiums changes. Then we calibrate the two-factor model in each sub-period of the entire series according to the breaks found. In sequence we compute the risk premium implied by the model. We find that the risk premium is time-varying, not only in sign but also in magnitude. Furthermore, when prices were rising prevailing position was of producers hedging with a positive risk premium, while when prices were falling consumers hedged with a negative risk premium.
Sobrosa, Gênesis Marimar Rodrigues. "O que jovens em contexto de vulnerabilidade sócio-econômica de uma cidade do interior do Rio Grande do Sul pensam sobre trabalho e futuro educacional e profissional". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10312.
Texto completoThe transition from high school to university or to work is marked by uncertainties. When cultural and economic obstacles are present, a situation lived by young people from low-income communities, this transition is still more difficult. This dissertation is organized in two studies that explored the perspective of young high school students about work and the transition to the universe of work. More specifically, it aimed to identify how students perceptions and expectations about the world of work were related to their professional and educational life projects for the future. Participants were 200 students from both sexes that attended two public schools located at low income neighborhoods in the city of Santa Maria. Study 1 focused on participants ideas about work. Study 2 addressed students perceptions about their possibilities of entering the labor market. Participants answered a questionnaire with open and closed questions concerning ideas about work, occupational future and perceived barriers to enter the labor market. Data were analyzed by means of content analysis. Both studies showed that work is perceived as an important aspect of future life, being asociated with the ideas of self-sustained living and independence from the family of origin. Respondents also had the expectation of attaining self-realization trough work. Nonetheless, they also recognized that economic constraints may be a barrier to achieve their educational and career aspirations.
A transição do ensino médio para a universidade ou mercado de trabalho é permeada de incertezas. Quando estão presentes obstáculos culturais e econômicos, que podem ser vividos por jovens provenientes de comunidades de baixa renda, esta passagem pode ser permeada por dificuldades ainda maiores. Na tentativa de compreender este fenômeno, realizou-se dois estudos, explorando a perspectiva de jovens estudantes do ensino médio a respeito do trabalho e de sua inserção nesse universo. Mais especificamente pretende-se identificar como os estudantes percebem o mundo do trabalho e como suas percepções e expectativas se relacionam aos seus projetos de vida futuros profissionais e educacionais. A pesquisa tem como participantes 200 alunos de ambos os sexos provenientes de duas escolas públicas situadas em regiões e socioeconômica desfavorecida da cidade de Santa Maria. O Estudo 1 aborda as concepções dos participantes em relação ao trabalho. O Estudo 2 investiga a percepção dos jovens sobre suas possibilidades de inserção no mercado profissional. Os estudantes responderam a um questionário com questões abertas e fechadas que investigavam percepções relacionadas à trabalho, futuro profissional e dificuldades esperadas em sua inserção no mercado de trabalho. Para análise das informações utilizou-a análise de conteúdo categorial. Ambos os estudos indicam que o trabalho é percebido como um elemento importante para o futuro desses jovens, sendo principalmente associado ao sustendo próprio e obtenção da independência da família de origem. Os jovens indicam que esperam obter uma profissão no qual encontrem realização pessoal. Contudo, reconhecem que suas limitações financeiras podem trazer dificuldades para realizar o ingresso na atividade profissional almejada.
Carcelén, Velarde María Claudia y Patricia Martínez. "Future time perspective in institutionalized adolescents". Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/100492.
Texto completoSe describen las metas a futuro y preocupaciones que los adolescentes institucionalizados poseen y se identifican las actitudes temporales que presentan hacia el pasado, presente y futuro, comparándolas con un grupo de adolescentes no institucionalizados de similares características. Es un estudio descriptivo con diseño transversal en el que participaron 34 adolescentes institucionalizados y 41 no institucionalizados de 15 a 17 años. Los instrumentos fueron el Método de Inducción Motivacional (MIM) y la Escala de Actitudes Temporales (TAS) (Nuttin, 1985). Se encontró que las metas se orientan principalmente hacia los contactos interpersonales, el deseo de autorrealización y el sí mismo. No obstante, los adolescentes institucionalizados muestran una mayor cantidad de metas relativas al desarrollo de aptitudes y una mayor necesidad de establecer contactos interpersonales, ligada, a su vez, a temores en torno al daño que se puede generar al entablar dichas relaciones.
Bastos, José Augusto Rios. "Construção e alcance de visão de futuro em entidades sem fins lucrativos: uma análise da experiência do Senai – departamento regional da Bahia". Universidade Federal da Bahia, 2006. http://www.adm.ufba.br/sites/default/files/publicacao/arquivo/dissertacao_jose_augusto_rios_bastos.pdf.
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A procura das organizações por modelos de gestão estratégica, durante as últimas décadas, visando um desempenho superior e vivenciando experiências mal sucedidas, tem suscitado questões estratégicas vitais que se encontram em aberto, como a da construção de visão de futuro. Com foco na análise da experiência do Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Industrial – Departamento Regional da Bahia – SENAI-BA, na construção de visão de futuro, no período entre 1993 e 2005, esta pesquisa objetiva contribuir com os esforços empreendidos pelas entidades que pretendem chegar a um futuro desejado, e com os estudos acadêmicos sobre o assunto. O SENAI-BA, experimentando de forma empírica e científica idéias propostas pelas escolas do pensamento estratégico, acabou desenvolvendo um importante aprendizado sobre formulação estratégica. Misturando, proposital ou casualmente, idéias e métodos existentes, a entidade buscou encontrar um modelo ideal. Conseguiu, assim, a elaboração do planejamento de futuro, superando dificuldades, cometendo equívocos e amadurecendo no tempo, mostrando capacidade de transformação e de adaptação às mudanças tão presentes hoje em dia. Essa experiência serve como exemplo de que é possível propor novos e desafiadores rumos para organizações sem fins lucrativos, como também de como se utilizar as mais variadas idéias de concepção em planejamento e delas extrair o que é de mais proveitoso e favorável, fazendo da concepção de visão de futuro um sonho que pode se transformar em realidade para as organizações.
Salvador
Pinto, Diana Couto. "A toxina botulínica: passado, presente e futuro". Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4868.
Texto completoA toxina botulinica, é um dos venenos mais potentes conhecidos e é o agente responsável pelo botulismo, doença rara mas que pode ser fatal. É produzida pelo Clostridium botulinum e atua primeiramente no bloqueio da libertação da acetilcolina, bloqueando deste modo a transmissão sináptica excitatória nas junções neuromusculares. Os sintomas começam com náuseas, vómitos, diarreias, visão dupla, fraqueza muscular, incapacidade de deglutir, dificuldade na fala, podendo levar à morte por falência respiratória. O botulismo pode ser de quatro tipos: a intoxicação alimentar, botulismo de feridas, botulismo infantil e o botulismo causado por colonização intestinal. A toxina foi usada pela primeira vez com sucesso na prática clínica em 1978 pelo oftamologista Dr. Alan Scott em pacientes com estrabismo. A partir daí numerosos estudos e indicações terapêuticas se seguiram. Hoje em dia existem várias preparações comerciais, sendo o Botox®, a mais conhecida. A toxina é usada atualmente em áreas como a cosmética, dermatologia, ortopedia, otorrinolaringologia, dor, pediatria, reabilitação e urologia. Com todo o interesse que há em torno da toxina botulinica, os estudos sobre novas aplicações e usos para a toxina continuam, abrangendo cada vez mais diferentes áreas, muito devido às propriedades químicas únicas da toxina, que com certeza nas próximas décadas continuará a surpreender com novas aplicações na área de saúde. The botulinum toxin is one of the most potent poisons known and is the agent responsible for botulism, a rare but fatal disease. It is produced by Clostridium botulinum and acts primarily in blocking the release of acetylcholine, thereby blocking the excitatory synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junctions. The symptoms begin with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, double vision, muscle weakness, inability to swallow, speech difficulty, and may lead to death by respiratory failure. There are four types of botulism: food poisoning, wound botulism, infant botulism and the botulism caused by intestinal colonization. The toxin was first successfully used in clinical practice in 1978 by ophthalmologist Dr. Alan Scott in patients with strabismus. Thereafter numerous studies and indications followed. Nowadays there are several commercial preparations being Botox®, the most known. The toxin is currently used in areas such as cosmetic, dermatology, orthopedics, otolaryngology, pain, pediatrics, rehabilitation and urology. With all the interest around the botulinum toxin, studies on new applications and uses for the toxin continue to increase in different areas, largely due to the unique chemical properties of the toxin, which for sure will continue to surprise us in the coming decades with new applications in healthcare.