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Bardzinska-Bonenberg, Teresa y Agata Bonenberg. "SYSTEMATICS OF COMPOSITIONS IN HISTORICAL GARDENS AS A DESIGN SUPPORT IN CONTEMPORARY DESIGN CONCEPTS". Space&FORM 2021, n.º 48 (6 de diciembre de 2021): 79–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/pif.2021.48.c-01.
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People always valued nature around them so the gardens accompanied their houses and residences from the ancient times. Some features of garden compositions were recurring in historical periods differing only in some aspects. In contemporary gardens they are repeated again. To assess the coincidences, a short graphic analysis of the basic features of historical gardens was developed. A tool that has allowed to identify differences and similarities between old and contemporary is the tabulation of composition schemes of well-known historic gardens and comparing the results with the features of the recent developments. This allowed us to investigate whether the same elements of composition, despite 21st century changes, apply today. Key words: residential garden, historical establishments, garden layout, composition, contemporary gardens, repeated solutions.
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Xiao, Fangling. "Analyzing the Gardening Art of Yanshan Garden with Yuanye (The Craft of Gardens)". Scientific and Social Research 6, n.º 3 (29 de marzo de 2024): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/ssr.v6i3.6478.
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The first systematic theoretical work on gardening in Chinese history, The Craft of Gardens (Yuanye) by Ji Cheng, the famous literary gardener of the Ming Dynasty, is an invaluable reference for garden design in succeeding generations. The majority of research on Lingnan classical gardens is focused on Guangdong. The Yanshan Garden in Guilin, which is considered to be the first garden in Lingnan, is a prime example of late Qing Dynasty Lingnan gardens, perfectly combining Guilin landscape design with Lingnan garden architecture. Consequently, it is crucial to examine Yanshan Garden’s gardening features and incorporate its superb gardening techniques into modern garden landscape designs.
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Ivashko, Yuliia y Peng Chang. "Modern trends in landscape design: the return to Eastern traditions?" Środowisko Mieszkaniowe, n.º 32 (2020): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25438700sm.20.022.12886.
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This paper discusses the analysis of modern landscaping trends. Today’s challenges and environmental issues that reduce landscaping area in large cities force us to search for new landscaping trends. Amid global environmental problems, the popularity of green areas attached to private homes is increasing. Despite avant-garde trends, there is a growing interest in traditional oriental gardens, both Chinese and Japanese, based on the principles of harmony between human and nature. At the same time, the arrangement of modern Chinese-style private gardens in Ukraine and other Post-Soviet territories, without a deep understanding of fundamental methods, including ‘one lake, three mountains’, ‘garden in a garden’, ‘mountains–water’, sets such gardens apart from true Chinese design. By comparing the historical Chinese pavilions and modern Chinese-style arbours, their non-conformity has been proven, and it recommended to arrange modern Chinese-style gardens based on the use of time-honoured traditions.
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Fallahi, Esmaeil, Pontia Fallahi y Shahla Mahdavi. "Ancient Urban Gardens of Persia: Concept, History, and Influence on Other World Gardens". HortTechnology 30, n.º 1 (febrero de 2020): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04415-19.
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The history of Persian gardens goes back to a few millennia before the emergence of Islam in Iran (Persia). Designs of Persian gardens have influenced and are used extensively in the gardens of Al-Andalus in Spain, Humayun’s Tomb and the Taj Mahal in India, and many gardens in the United States and other countries around the globe. Bagh in the Persian language (Farsi) means garden and the word Baghdad (the capital city of Iraq) is rooted from the words bagh and daad (meaning “the garden of justice”). Pasargadae, the ancient Persian capital city, is the earliest example of Persian garden design known in human civilization as chahar bagh or 4-fold garden design. Bagh-e-Eram, or Garden of Eden or Eram Garden, is one the most attractive Persian gardens and is located in Shiraz, Iran. There are numerous other urban ancient gardens in Iran, including Bagh-e-Shahzadeh (Shazdeh), meaning “The Prince’s Garden” in Mahan, Golestan National Park near the Caspian Sea; Bagh-e-Fin in Kashan; Bagh-e-El-Goli in Tabriz; and Bagh-e-Golshan in Tabas. The design of each Persian garden is influenced by climate, art, beliefs, poetry, literature, and romance of the country and the region where the garden is located. In addition, each garden may have a gene bank of fruits, flowers, herbs, and vegetables. Although countless gardens were destroyed in the hands of invaders throughout the centuries, Persians have attempted either to rebuild or build new gardens generation after generation, each of which has become a favorite destination to tourists from around the world.
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Polomski*, Robert F., Carri Carver Wallace, Mary Taylor Haque, Lisa K. Wagner, James E. Arnold, Amy D. Craddock, Christian Maloney Cicimurri y Lisa D. Chancellor. "Designing a Children's Garden for Experiential Learning in the South Carolina Botanical Garden". HortScience 39, n.º 4 (julio de 2004): 810E—811. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.810e.
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An interdisciplinary team of Clemson Univ. faculty, graduate students, and undergraduate students partnered with the South Carolina Botanical Garden staff and children from the “Sprouting Wings” after-school garden program to plan and design a 2.5-acre Children's Garden. Imaginative and educational, the plans call for a series of outdoor theme gardens. Proposals for 13 theme gardens include a “Dinosaur Dig”, a “Food for Thought Garden”, a “Hide-and-Seek Garden”, a “Terraced Sitting Garden”, an “Ethnobotany Garden”, a “Wonders of Water Garden”, a “Learning from Nature Outdoor Classroom”, a “Carolina Fence Garden”, a “Cottage Garden”, a “Bold View Butterfly Garden”, a “Woodland Wonderland”, a “Playful Plaza Garden,” and an “Arbored Entrance and Exit Garden.” Project methodology included research, case studies, site analysis, program development, preliminary plans, master plan, and individual garden designs with plan views, elevation drawings, detail drawings, and plant lists. Using an experiential learning pedagogy, a design class of 15 students contributed an estimated 2,000 hours of work while learning about landscape design. Results included 30 drawing boards depicting research, analysis, and design proposals, which were presented to the South Carolina Botanical Garden Staff for approval in Fall 2003. Note: This material is based upon work supported by the cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 2002-38411-122122. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture.
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Keydoszius, Renee y Mary Haque. "DESIGNING A CHILDREN'S WATER GARDEN IN THE SOUTH CAROLINA BOTANICAL GARDEN AS AN OUTDOOR LEARNING LAB FOR ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION". HortScience 40, n.º 3 (junio de 2005): 873c—873. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.3.873c.
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During the fall semester of 2003, a Clemson University introductory landscape design class collaborated with South Carolina Botanical Gardens staff and coordinators of Sprouting Wings, an after school gardening program for at risk children, to design an exploratory Children's Garden within the Botanical Gardens. Project methodology included site selection, research, site analysis, conceptual diagrams, preliminary designs, and full color renderings of final designs. Students periodically presented their progress on the project to the clients in order to receive feedback and advice. One of the thirteen themed gardens designed is the Wonders of Water Garden. Project goals were to create a center for environmental education addressing current issues in water quality such as pollution from industries and runoff, erosion, stream degradation, and sedimentation resulting from land clearing and development. Visitors will be able to observe and learn about various environmental factors affecting native plant and animal life. The garden will help to teach environmental stewardship and understanding of general aquatic ecology. An observation deck, serpentine bridge through a bog garden, and a bridge crossing a waterfall stream will allow close observation of native aquatic plant and animal life. The Wonders of Water Garden design includes the bog garden and carnivorous garden that border two pools connected by a stream of small waterfalls which may be used to create awareness of current water quality issues and serve as a model to teach visitors the importance of water and aquatic plants in the environment.
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Wanitchayapaisit, Chulalux, Pongsakorn Suppakittpaisarn, Nadchawan Charoenlertthanakit, Vipavee Surinseng, Ekachai Yaipimol y Damrongsak Rinchumphu. "Rain garden design for stormwater management in Chiang Mai, Thailand: A Research-through-Design Study". Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning 21, n.º 3 (27 de diciembre de 2022): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.54028/nj202221222.
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Conventional stormwater management may cause long term environmental issues. Fortunately, Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) can manage stormwater more sustainably. However, the design examples of WSUD elements, such as rain gardens within the geographical and cultural context of Thailand are lacking. This study investigated the patterns of rain garden design suitable for urban areas in Chiang Mai and developed examples of rain garden design processes and prototypes in an urban context for Chiang Mai.
This research used the Research by design Method (RDM), which has great potential in bridging the gap between research and application. The researchers selected the site at the Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University. They designed 2 schematics of rain gardens with local Lanna plants. Then, they compared stormwater capacity with the existing site via the Natural Resources and Conservation Service (NRCS) Curve Number Method. The design results were evaluated by stakeholders and design experts to bridge the gaps between international standards and local contexts.
We found that 1) the west side of the site was most appropriate to develop the pilot project. 2) Both design schematics performed better than the original site. 3) Stakeholders and design experts see the potential of the site, but had concerns regarding its actual performance, maintenance, scale, and safety. This paper offers and provides an example of the rain garden design process which can be used as a baseline for future designs of rain garden and water sensitive urban designs.
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Howell, Lauren E. y Michael N. Dana. "AN ALGORITHM FOR COMPUTERIZED PERENNIAL FLOWER GARDEN DESIGN". HortScience 27, n.º 6 (junio de 1992): 578e—578. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.578e.
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The use of perennials in the garden and landscape is an area of much confusion for the home gardener. A customer-interactive computer program for point-of-sale marketing of perennials in garden centers which assures horticultural and aesthetic success is a potential solution to this problem. Literature of herbaceous perennials and perennial garden design was surveyed and landscape design professionals were interviewed to develop a complete algorithm for designing perennial border gardens. The assembled data were incorporated into the algorithm in the form of plant selection and placement rules and plant attribute heirarchies. The planting plan algorithm was tested and the resulting test gardens were critiqued by landscape design professionals. The algorithm was successful in designing horticulturally correct and aesthetically pleasing perennial border gardens. This algorithm is ready to be coded into a computer program for use as a customer-interactive, point-of-sale marketing tool.
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Wang, Tongxin. "History of Chinese Classical Gardens". International Journal of Education and Humanities 4, n.º 3 (27 de septiembre de 2022): 235–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ijeh.v4i3.1814.
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From the beginning of Shang Dynasty to the end of Qing Dynasty the development of Chinese classical landscape gardens went through five periods: the formation period of Shang, Zhou, Qin and Han Dynasties, the transition period of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the heyday of Tang Dynasty, the maturity period of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the middle and end of Qing Dynasty. Five thousand years of glorious Chinese culture makes Chinese classical gardens different from Western gardens and Islamic gardens. The unique garden system and style give rise to the unique and profound Chinese classical garden system in world history. Based on the history of Chinese classical gardens, the paper focuses on the historical background of the development of the Song garden, the characteristics of typical gardens and literati gardens in the two Song dynasties, in order to understand the development process of the Song garden more deeply. Under the condition of learning and understanding, the method and concept characteristics of classical garden design in Song Dynasty are inherited and applied to modern garden planning and design.
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Fekete, Albert y László Kollányi. "Research-Based Design Approaches in Historic Garden Renovation". Land 8, n.º 12 (12 de diciembre de 2019): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land8120192.
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The renewal of historic gardens, landscapes, and sites has grown to be a current issue in Central and Eastern Europe. Based on scientific research, the Department of Garden Art of the Szent István University, Faculty of Landscape Architecture and Urbanism has been dealing with landscape renewal since 1963 on regional, settlement, and garden scales, too. More than 50 years of experience has already proved the advantage of such a research-based design approach in garden and landscape renewal processes, Landscape Architecture has developed from a very practical basis. The purpose of this paper is to show the most significant conclusions of our historic garden research of castle gardens from the Carpathian Basin, focusing on the importance of visual connections designed initially on the sites. Using case studies, the paper intends to explore how proper landscape design in historic environments is achieved. The historical value cannot be simplified or understood as the notion of “old”, the heritage being represented by the all-time valuable garden features and elements, independent from their formation in time. In addition to the historical authenticity of the actual use, the social needs and sustainability are important aspects, which must be integrated into heritage protection and reclamation.
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Magni, Anna. "Principles of the French Garden in the Czech Garden Design". Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 66, n.º 5 (2018): 1171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201866051171.
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The French garden of the 17th and 18th century as the ultimate artistic expression of ideas about the world order and the representation of power and knowledge was not limited to its country of origin – its influence spread and appeared all over Europe. The following text focuses on its reflection in the territory of the Czech Republic and follows the ways the main principles of this form of garden design took. Besides the traditionally dominant artistic influence of Italy, the French art was reflected only gradually, and above all, indirectly. Activities of Le Nôtre’s disciples have been proven, but without any more detailed documentation. Moravia was most influenced by Vienna, where the imperial and other aristocratic gardens adopted more ornate, smaller and flatter concept of French forms, rather approaching Rococo. The paper shows, using specific examples and the comparative method, what forms typical of the French garden appear in the gardens of the Czech lands the most frequently. The characteristic organization of the garden and wider spaces by axes, avenues, radial divisions, water mirrors and canals as well as magnificent water elements with sculptures and also widely applied flat parterres with ornamental flower beds is explored. On the other hand, the complexity of the French prototype, which lies in the spatial monumentality and sophisticated use of optical rules and rules of perspective, is missing.
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Cai, Jing, Yulong Mo, Xinyang Zhang y Yimin Yuan. "Study on the design of landscape wall of Wuhan Garden Expo". E3S Web of Conferences 272 (2021): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127201009.
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The investigation on the landscape wall of Wuhan Garden Expo shows that the landscape wall of Wuhan Garden Expo is widely used. There are four types of landscape wall, cultural wall, retaining wall and logo wall. There are 42 landscape walls in 34 Urban gardens. Their forms and themes of expression are different in Wuhan Garden Expo. Most of the landscape walls in Wuhan Garden and Expo Garden are made of marble materials, which show the characteristics of multi-color collocation in color. The size of the landscape walls is often determined by the content of the expression. The composition of the landscape walls is usually designed with plants.
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李, 璐. "Design and Research of Roof Garden". Design 09, n.º 01 (2024): 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/design.2024.91047.
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Lekies, Kristi S., Marcia Eames-Sheavly, Kimberly J. Wong y Anne Ceccarini. "Children's Garden Consultants: A New Model of Engaging Youth to Inform Garden Design and Programming". HortTechnology 16, n.º 1 (enero de 2006): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.16.1.0139.
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This paper discusses a unique garden and youth-focused event in which a group of 4-H youth engaged in a “children's garden consultants” program. Over a 3-day period, seven teenaged youth were given the opportunity to actively research children's garden design and educational programming, and then present recommendations to an adult audience of children's garden experts and youth development specialists. Surveys, observations, and discussions with youth, adults in attendance, and program organizers indicated the event was highly valuable and worth repeating. It provided a new learning opportunity for youth, and it also gave adults new perspectives on gardens. The youth's ideas for improving children's gardens and suggestions for future programming are presented as well.
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Upson, Tim y Peter Kerley. "The Winter Garden at Cambridge University Botanic Garden". Sibbaldia: the International Journal of Botanic Garden Horticulture, n.º 5 (31 de octubre de 2007): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24823/sibbaldia.2007.15.
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The history of the Winter Gardens at Cambridge University Botanic Garden is described with particular reference to the one planted in 1978–79 with discussion of the design philosophy, planting and current management practices needed to maintain this maturing garden.
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Dibyanti Danniswari y Achmad Yozar Perkasa. "Comparison of Rooftop Garden Elements in Japan and Indonesia. Study case of Ginza Six Garden, Japan, and PIM 3 Garden, Indonesia". Journal of Synergy Landscape 1, n.º 1 (4 de agosto de 2023): 311–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/tjsl.v1i1.17604.
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A rooftop garden is located on the topmost level of a building and provides similar benefits as traditional urban green space while accommodating the limited land issue in cities. The practice of rooftop gardens keeps increasing in urban areas worldwide. There may be differences between rooftop gardens in different countries, be it in the design, the elements, or the activities. This study explores the difference between rooftop gardens in Indonesia and Japan, particularly Jakarta and Tokyo. This study aims to compare the characteristics of rooftop gardens in Jakarta and Tokyo. This study follows a descriptivequalitative approach. The data used in this study is based on visitors’ photos and reviews uploaded to the internet and supported by field observation. PIM 3 Garden’s design concept is based on the trend of citizen culture, which likes to update their activities on social media. In contrast, Ginza Six Garden’s design is based on the Ginza area's history, which combines traditional and modern culture. Since the design concepts are different, the garden elements and the user activities are also different. The main reason for these differences is most likely due to cultural differences. Indonesian people like sharing their activities on social media more than Japanese people. Although the gardens exhibit contrasting designs, elements, and user activities, both seem to accommodate their respective users’ needs and behaviors effectively.
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Greeley, Nansee y Theresa Reardon Offerman. "Now & Then: Garden Designer: A Short History of Gardens". Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 3, n.º 6 (marzo de 1998): 428–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mtms.3.6.0428.
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Now… From the angle of the sun as it moves across the sky to the structure of the containers that hold the plants, designing a garden requires mathematics because of its use of space and spatial relationships. Many people who design gardens focus on the plants rather than the space, but Martin Stern and Richard Meacock, partners and proprietors of Squire House Gardens in Afton, Minnesota, believe that quite the opposite is true. They think that the space in which they work is the basis of their garden designs and that the art of garden design is making the geometrical symmetry invisible to everyone but those who are searching for it. Martin extends this use of space to what he calls “the pyramid of space.” When designing a garden, he considers the ceiling, floor, and walls, regardless of their size. A background of shrubs might be the walls; the tallest trees, the ceiling; and the walkways or groundcover, the floor. To make the garden flow, all parts of the pyramid must be considered.
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Ge, Mengting, Yang Huang, Yifanzi Zhu, Mintai Kim y Xiaolei Cui. "Examining the Microclimate Pattern and Related Spatial Perception of the Urban Stormwater Management Landscape: The Case of Rain Gardens". Atmosphere 14, n.º 7 (12 de julio de 2023): 1138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14071138.
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This study examines the microclimate pattern and related spatial perception of urban green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) and the stormwater management landscape, using rain gardens as a case study. It investigates the relationship between different rain garden design factors, such as scale, depth, and planting design, and their effects on microclimate patterns and human spatial perception. Taking an area in Blacksburg, Virginia, as the study site, twelve rain garden design scenarios are generated by combining different design factors. The potential air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed/direction are analyzed through computational simulation. Additionally, feelings of comfort, the visual beauty of the landscape, and the overall favorite are used as an evaluation index to investigate people’s perception of various rain garden design options. The study found that a multilayer and complex planting design can add more areas with moderate temperature and higher humidity. It also significantly improves people’s subjective perception of a rain garden. Furthermore, a larger scale rain garden can make people feel more comfortable and improve the visual beauty of the landscape, highlighting the importance of designing larger and recreational bioretention cells in GSI systems. Regarding depth, a relatively flatter rain garden with a complex planting design can bring stronger air flow and achieve better visual comfort and visual beauty. Overall, by examining the microclimate pattern and related perception of rain gardens, this study provides insight into better rain garden design strategies for the urban stormwater management landscape. It explores the potential of rain garden design in urban GSI and responds to climate change.
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Marcos, Carlos L., Antonio Gómez-Gil y Sergio García-Doménech. "Reflecting on eclecticism in garden heritage: The Monforte Gardens in Valencia as a case study". Liño 29, n.º 29 (3 de julio de 2023): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/li.29.2023.127-140.
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Precedent historic styles were analysed and recovered by historicist revisionism and revivalism during the nineteenth century. The lack of a style of its century lead to eclecticism, a trend that involved a merging of diverse ornamental repertories. Accordingly, eclectic garden design employed historic styles of different origins. As the cities grew, suburban gardens were integrated within the urban sprawl. The Monforte Gardens in Valencia represent a relevant case study characteristic of nineteenth century major garden design and development transformations. Most significant are the design resources and strategies introduced in the original design by Sebastián Monléon and, subsequently by Javier de Winthuysen as this research —including a thorough redrawing of the garden layout— gives evidence of. The Monforte Gardens represent an eclectic urban gardening design example in which the different parts maintain their independence without losing an overall unitary concept. Although traditionally considered neoclassical gardens, this research argues they should be properly considered as eclectic romantic gardens.
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Heród, Anna, Bożena Szewczyk-Taranek y Bożena Pawłowska. "Formulating evidence-based design guidelines for therapeutic gardens tailored to elderly populations: a synthesis of reminiscence and preference studies". Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 23, n.º 2 (30 de abril de 2024): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2024.5303.
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Gardens emerge as powerful catalysts for enhancing the well-being of the older generation. The design of a garden plays a significant role in engagement with such an environment. The investigation aimed to determine features integral to the garden for older adults to be applied as design guidelines for therapeutic gardens serving the elderly. A mixed quantitative-qualitative approach was used with a questionnaire focused on eliciting insights into the garden experiences. The respondents comprised individuals from Care Homes and Senior Activity Centres. The results revealed the importance of childhood gardens and associated memories of the elderly. Consequently, the conceptualisation of a garden tailored to the needs of older adults highlights relaxation. A garden should facilitate passive engagement with nature and active involvement in the nurturing of plant life. Botanical preferences encompass a diverse array of flora: roses, tulips, and peonies in the floral domain; tomatoes, onions, and carrots within the vegetables; and apples, pears, and plums within the realm of fruits.
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Guanglong, Bao y Gao Qian. "Correlation Analysis between the Emotion and Aesthetics for Chinese Classical Garden Design Based on Deep Transfer Learning". Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2022 (9 de julio de 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1828782.
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Garden design with healthy psychological characteristics is a design method that mines positive psychological expressions and converts them into garden design elements. Chinese classical gardens are cultural heritage of China. Studying the beauty of space in classical gardens is of great significance to inheriting traditional culture, traditional art, and traditional aesthetics. At present, the research hotspots of garden design with healthy psychological characteristics mainly focus on the construction of relevant research theories and methods with the help of various intelligent tools. In this study, we propose a deep learning-based end-to-end model to recognize the positive psychological design of a Chinese classical garden. The model is designed based on Inception V3 that is proposed by Google. The innovation lies in that transfer learning which is integrated into Inception V3 to improve the generalization ability. Also, it is not necessary to encode the characteristics of the garden design style due to the end-to-end structure used in our proposed model. We design a positive psychological characteristics classification task to recognize high aesthetic feeling and low aesthetic feeling of rockery design. Experimental results indicate that our proposed model wins the best performance compared with other comparison models.
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Fekete, Albert, Máté Sárospataki y Szabolcs Vajda. "Technical aspects of the reconstruction of historic gardens". Progress in Agricultural Engineering Sciences 17, n.º 1 (8 de diciembre de 2021): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/446.2021.00031.
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Abstract Built elements and structures are a prominent component of our historic gardens, both in terms of function and artistic composition and garden scenery. The surveys of historic garden structures are important research tasks, which also underpins and validates restoration work. In most cases, the neglected state of historic gardens and sites and the unavailable archival materials do not allow an authentic restoration of historic gardens to their original state. Nevertheless, there is a real need to reconstruct our historic gardens, based not only on historical authenticity but also on a systematic reinterpretation of the relationship between society and landscape. The objective of this article is to present a general methodology for renewal of historic gardens through examples of specific garden reconstructions. The case studies are the authors' own design works, which demonstrate the application of different design approaches, highlighting details of the reconstruction of specific built garden elements.
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Pasha, Samira. "Barriers to Garden Visitation in Children's Hospitals". HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 6, n.º 4 (julio de 2013): 76–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/193758671300600405.
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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify barriers to use of outdoor spaces in Texas pediatric healthcare facilities. BACKGROUND: Available research on hospital healing gardens and outdoor spaces has indicated that despite several health benefits of garden visitation for staff, patients, and family members, these amenities are not being used to their fullest capacity. Previous researchers have recommended design features such as comfortable seats and adequate shade to increase garden visitation in healthcare setting. However no quantitative data have demonstrated significance of correlation between presence of these design features and garden use. The present study served to statistically support design guidelines suggested by previous researchers and introduce new guidelines. METHODS: Site visits and surveys were conducted in five green outdoor spaces in three pediatric hospitals in east Texas. Hospital visitors, family members, and staff responded to questions concerning barriers to garden visitation, their visitation habits, and satisfaction with the garden features. The study was reviewed and approved by Institutional Review Boards of the relevant hospitals and academic institutions. RESULTS: A negative significant correlation was found between staff garden use and dissatisfaction with quality of seats and poor shade. While quality of seats didn't impact visitor and family member garden visitation, a significant negative correlation was found between poor shade and their garden use. CONCLUSIONS: The study served to statistically support previous design suggestions for hospital gardens, and introduced new design guidelines. Design recommendations include functionality, visibility, accessibility, exclusivity, and availability of shade and seats.
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Wang, Xinman, Baoqi Che, Qi Lou y Rong Zhu. "Integrated Eye-Tracking Response Surface Analysis to Optimize the Design of Garden Landscapes". Land 13, n.º 7 (12 de julio de 2024): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13071045.
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Gardens not only provide people with a place for leisure and relaxation, they also contribute to improving urban ecological environments and promoting social interactions and cohesion. Additionally, from a psychological perspective, gardens play a role in alleviating stress, enhancing happiness, and improving the quality of life. Current research on gardens has primarily employed methods such as questionnaire surveys, environmental psychology analyses, and eye-tracking analyses; however, comprehensive studies on the relationships between multiple factors and levels in garden designs are lacking. Here, we propose a response surface analysis approach based on eye-tracking technology for the design and optimization of gardens. Firstly, the impacts of different garden elements on visitors’ psychology and fixation counts were analyzed using environmental psychology and eye-tracking analyses. Subsequently, the optimal range of each garden feature was determined through single-factor experiments, followed by response surface analysis to obtain the optimal value for each element. The results revealed that changes in garden elements such as the greenery ratio, number of buildings, and water saturation significantly affected visitors’ psychology. The greenery ratio had a greater impact than the number of buildings, which in turn had a greater impact than water saturation. This study is the first to analyze the relationships between multiple garden elements. A strong relationship was found between the greenery ratio and the number of buildings, as well as between the number of buildings and water saturation, while the relationship between the greenery ratio and water saturation was weaker. This approach can not only optimize garden designs but can also be widely applied in fields such as urban planning and public space transformation to enhance visitors’ comfort and satisfaction with the environment and promote sustainable urban development.
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Jamšek, Marko, Gal Sajko, Jurij Krpan y Jan Babič. "Design and Control of a Climbing Robot for Autonomous Vertical Gardening". Machines 12, n.º 2 (17 de febrero de 2024): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines12020141.
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This paper focuses on the development of a novel climbing robot that is designed for autonomous maintenance of vertical gardens in urban environments. The robot, designed with a unique five-legged structure, is equipped with a range of electrical and mechanical components, enabling it to autonomously navigate and maintain a specially designed vertical garden wall facilitating interactive maintenance and growth monitoring. The motion planning and control of the robot were developed to ensure precise and adaptive movement across the vertical garden wall. Advanced algorithms were employed to manage the complex dynamics of the robot’s movements, optimizing its efficiency and effectiveness in navigating and maintaining the garden structure. The operation of the robot in maintaining the vertical garden was evaluated during a two-week trial where the robot successfully performed nearly 8000 leg movements, with only 0.6% requiring human intervention. This demonstrates a high level of autonomy and reliability. This study concludes that the pentapod robot demonstrates significant potential for automating the maintenance of vertical gardens, offering a promising tool for enhancing urban green spaces.
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Goto, Seiko, Yuki Morota, Congcong Liu, Minkai Sun, Bertram Emil Shi y Karl Herrup. "The Mechanism of Relaxation by Viewing a Japanese Garden: A Pilot Study". HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 13, n.º 4 (5 de junio de 2020): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1937586720924729.
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Aim: To explore people’s visual attention and psychological and physiological responses to viewing a Japanese garden (an asymmetrically designed garden) and an herb garden (a symmetrically designed garden). Background: There are few studies of eye movements when observing different style gardens, and how they are connected to the interpretation of the space, and physiological and psychological responses. Method: Thirty subjects were recruited and their physiological and psychological responses to viewing the garden types were assessed using a heart-rate monitor and questionnaire. Eye movements while viewing projected slide images of the gardens were tracking using an eye-tracking monitor. Results: A significant decrease in heart rate was observed when subjects were viewing the Japanese garden as opposed to viewing the herb garden. Mood was significantly improved in both gardens, but eye-gaze patterns differed. The Japanese garden elicited far more comments about expectations for the coming season; unlike the herb garden, it also induced memories of viewing other landscapes. Conclusion: The physiological and psychological responses to viewing gardens differs based on the quality of landscape design and the prior experience of viewers.
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Cen, Xiaofeng, Gao Letian, Selvaraj Jonathan Nimal y Zhu Yisong. "The Aesthetics of Water Management of The Humble Administrator's Garden". Journal of Aesthetic Education 57, n.º 2 (1 de julio de 2023): 73–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/15437809.57.2.05.
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Abstract With the development of literati gardens during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), the layout and design level of gardens reached an unprecedented height. As the representative of Suzhou gardens, The Humble Administrator's Garden (Zhuozhengyuan, 拙政园, 1530) has unique natural conditions and mature garden design, and its water management art is particularly exquisite. The best-preserved graphic information of The Humble Administrator's Garden are the poems and paintings by Wen Zhengming (文徵明, 1470–1559), including Thirty-One Scenes of The Humble Administrator's Garden (拙政园三十一景图, 1533), thirty landscape poems, and the biography Wang's Humble Administrator's Garden (王氏拙政园记, 1533). As the research object, this article aims to restore the image of The Humble Administrator's Garden by analyzing the water scene of the garden, summarizing its water technique and art, and extracting “Source of inflowing water” (为有源头活水来), “Esteem the mountain, revere the water, imitate the heaven and earth” (敬山畏水, 象天法地), “Fusion of the imitation of nature and the subjective ideas of the artist” (外师造化, 中得心源), and “Free and unfettered, enjoy the joy of leisure” (逍遥自得, 享闲居之乐) as the water aesthetic thoughts of the garden. In addition, this article provides some reference for the current landscape design.
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Meng, Yuhan. "The Application of the Characteristics and Design Techniques of Jiangnan Classical Gardens in Suzhou Museum". Advances in Education, Humanities and Social Science Research 5, n.º 1 (7 de abril de 2023): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/aehssr.5.1.9.2023.
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Suzhou Museum is located in the garden zone of Suzhou. As a translation of classical garden design techniques in today's architecture, it has become the landmark cultural architecture of Suzhou city.Taking Suzhou Museum as an example, this paper explores the application of Jiangnan classical gardens in modern architectural design from two aspects of features and design techniques, so as to contribute to the discussion on the inheritance and development of classical garden culture.
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Michener, David C. "JAPANESE GARDEN DESIGN". Landscape Journal 17, n.º 1 (1998): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/lj.17.1.94.
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Miles, Paul y Rosemary Verey. "Classic Garden Design". Garden History 13, n.º 2 (1985): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1586835.
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Wang, Yunda, Qiguan Shu, Ming Chen, Xudounan Chen, Shiro Takeda y Junhua Zhang. "Selection and Application of Quantitative Indicators of Paths Based on Graph Theory: A Case Study of Traditional Private and Antique Gardens in Beijing". Land 11, n.º 12 (15 de diciembre de 2022): 2304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11122304.
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Chinese Traditional Gardens (CTGs) are an important part of China’s cultural inheritance from the past. Today’s China has experienced rapid urbanization, raising the need for a new form of contemporary gardens intended to satisfy peoples’ need for traditional culture. Garden paths are important in CTGs; they are designed to show visitors changing views with each step, and to lead them to secluded, quiet places via winding paths. This enhances the ornamental interest of the gardens. Based on plane graphics, this study evaluates the characteristics of three types of garden paths in fourteen traditional gardens and a contemporary antique garden, the Daguan Garden in Beijing. The analysis uses correlation and factor analysis to integrate 28 quantitative path indicators into five aspects of average, scale, network, wide, and aggregation. The 28 indicators can be expressed by six simple indicators: average connection length, number of path sections, alpha index, average width, average tortuous angle, and concentration degree. The results show small variations of garden paths between traditional gardens, but a considerable difference between the contemporary garden and traditional gardens. The research proposes a framework for the quantification and comparison of garden path features that can be applied before and after garden path construction, for both ancient and modern garden styles. This framework generates garden path feature values and theoretical values of six indicators, and is not constrained by the garden scale. Therefore, it provides an accurate and efficient design tool for garden designers.
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Nurrohimah, Indah, Indung Sitti Fatimah y Prita Indah Pratiwi. "Kajian Desain Healing Garden di RSUD Ahmad Yani sebagai Media Terapi Psikologis Berdasarkan Persepsi dan Preferensi Tenaga Kesehatan". Jurnal Lanskap Indonesia 15, n.º 2 (1 de octubre de 2023): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jli.v15i2.42211.
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In urban communities, the Covid-19 pandemic has caused psychological and mental disorders. Health workers are most affected and vulnerable to psychological disorders, especially those working at Covid-19 referral hospitals such as the Ahmad Yani Hospital. As a result, psychological therapy facilities or media that can improve the psychological health of health workers are needed. The research aimed to determine the urgency and need for healing gardens among health workers, to know about health workers' perceptions and preferences regarding healing garden design, and make recommendations on criteria and design concepts for healing gardens in the Ahmad Yani Hospital area. The study's methods included the distribution of questionnaires and interviews. Descriptive analysis with crosstabulation and frequency techniques is used. A healing garden in the Ahmad Yani Hospital area is regarded as necessary as a psychological therapy medium for improving the psychological health of health workers. During the Covid-19 pandemic in the hospital environment, 97.3% of participants said they needed a green open space that functions as a relaxation area to improve psychological health, and 94.6% said they needed a healing garden. Colour parameters, materials, concepts, space, plants, plant strata, plant functions, facilities, areas/locations, and healing garden criteria are all preferences for health workers. Health workers' preferences for healing garden design are generally relatively consistent across gender and age groups. A nature-oriented healing garden design is the recommended healing garden design for the Ahmad Yani Hospital area (biophilic design).
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UĞURYOL, Drahşan. "EVALUATION OF ROCKWORK ELEMENTS USED IN THE GARDENS OF YILDIZ PALACE". INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE, n.º 26 (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.26.04.
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Rocks have been used in landscape architecture for both ornamental and plant growing purposes. In the historical process, developments in materials and design have turned rockworks into garden elements with high expressive power and artistic features in different cultures. Rocks were also included in the Ottoman gardens during the Westernization Period. Aim: The gardens of Yıldız Palace are important examples having elements made using artificial rock. Examining the designs, material properties and construction techniques of such garden items are important in terms of their conservation. In this context, Hasbahçe, garden of Şale Pavilion and Yıldız Park were chosen as the study area. Method: The rockwork arrangement in the gardens, the photographs in Yıldız Albums were examined, the relevant archival documents and literature were reviewed. Findings and Conclusion: It has been observed that these decorations built in the form of "rockwork" such as rocks, cliffs, grottos, and cascades are used on the edge of a promenade or stairs, or used on the shore of an artificial pond whether in the form of individual or groups of rocks, or used as part of a water element. Large-scale rockwork is not preferred in these gardens as in the other gardens of Yıldız Palace. It has been concluded that these elements are as qualified as those produced in Europe with their layout, design, other garden elements with which they are associated. However, it has been observed that some of the rockworks could not be preserved due to neglect, material deterioration and new garden arrangements, and a part of the survivors have conservation problems.
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Gemici, Ruhugül Özge. "Landscape Design in Hospital Gardens: The Example of Selcuk University Medical Faculty Hospital". Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 11, s1 (30 de diciembre de 2023): 2620–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11is1.2620-2626.6545.
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Hospital gardens, located within urban open-green areas, are places created for patients coming to the hospital, their relatives and the staff working in the hospital to spend time in an environment where they can renew themselves. The importance of these places is increasing day by day. The purpose of this study is to examine the landscape design of the Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine hospital garden located on the Selcuk University Alaeddin Keykubad Campus. The findings show that the hospital garden was generally not designed in accordance with landscape design principles. With the suggestions developed, this hospital garden can be redesigned in accordance with landscape design principles and made more comfortable for people using the hospital garden.
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Valeryevna, Drobchenko Natalya y Khasanova Hafiza Bahriddinovna. "ROCKERIES AND ROCK GARDENS IN THE LANDSCAPE DESIGN OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT". International Journal of Advance Scientific Research 02, n.º 05 (1 de mayo de 2022): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-02-05-15.
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The article discusses the features of the construction of rockeries and rock gardens, studied their stylistic features. Some types of plants for planting them among stones are considered. Rockery, rock garden, stone, slide, style, decorative, plants, typology, alpine plants, landscape design
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Mu, Juncheng. "Landscape Art in A Treatise on Garden Design and The Craft of Gardens: A Comparative Analysis". Science Insights 42, n.º 1 (31 de enero de 2023): 771–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15354/si.22.or051.
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A Treatise on Garden Design is the earliest Japanese treatise on landscape art, while The Craft of Gardens is its earliest Chinese counterpart. The former was composed roughly 500 years before the latter. Both are highly regarded in the landscape architectural com-munity. A Treatise on Garden Design elaborates on the techniques of stone and water ar-rangement in landscape design and draws significantly on Buddhism, the Yin-Yang theo-ry, and the theory of the Five Elements, illustrating the profound influence of metaphysics in China’s Wei, Jin, and Southern and Northern Dynasties. In addition to traditional Chi-nese concepts, it also incorporates Japanese national culture. The Craft of Gardens illus-trates the penchant for isolation among Chinese nobles and intellectuals in their creative idea of a garden landscape while providing a thorough overview of garden construction in ancient times. It exemplifies the achievements of traditional Chinese landscape art. This paper demonstrates, through a comparative analysis of the two works, that Chinese classical gardens, as a sign of secluded culture, demonstrate an appropriate integration of human design and natural elements and permit individual creativity regardless of the established rules, whereas their Japanese counterparts emphasize the actual simulation of nature.
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Błaszak, Maciej, Eliza Rybska, Olia Tsivitanidou y Costas P. Constantinou. "Botanical Gardens for Productive Interplay between Emotions and Cognition". Sustainability 11, n.º 24 (13 de diciembre de 2019): 7160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11247160.
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Botanical gardens are often designed with biological deliberations in mind, such as the need to preserve biodiversity. As in other community acts, functionality is also an important concern. In contrast, the need to connect with human values, such as tolerance, care or justice, and the facility to provoke interaction, reflection and discussion are often sidelined. More broadly, the social and educational aims of these institutions are often placed second in the design priorities, even though they are emphasized strongly in formulations of the underlying purpose and intentions. From an educational perspective, the interplay between emotions and cognition has an important influence on the visitor learning experience. In this paper, we elaborate on this interplay and we explore possible implications (a) for the design of botanical garden spaces, but also (b) for the formative process that emerges from the convolution of garden spaces, visitor expectations and interactive activities for teaching and learning. We introduce the term useful botanical garden and, through analysis, we develop a theoretical framework that provides a cognitive approach for the educational design of botanical gardens drawing on three dimensions: Sensibility (refering to those features of the design of botanical garden spaces that serve to create a sense of welcoming comfort, safety and homeostasis). Functionality (features of the garden spaces that scaffold interactions and cognitive processes). Rationality (refering to the facility of visitors to reflect on six values—care, fairness, loyalty, authority, sanctity, and liberty—and how they relate to the elements present in the botanical garden). We illustrate this model with reference to a range of botanical gardens. We elaborate on how these factors work together to highlight the educational features of botanical gardens and also discuss the implications of this model for the design of activities and educational experiences as well as for teacher preparation and professional development in the service of promoting environmental insight.
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Kulhánková, Zora. "The Italian Garden Influence Within the Development of Garden Design in the Czech Lands (Bohemia and Moravia)". Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 65, n.º 5 (2017): 1543–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201765051543.
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This article puts the Czech garden into the context of the development of garden design in Europe. Although it has not been defined as a garden type, it has always reflected new directions and modified them in line with geographical and cultural differences. The selected examples illustrate the development of garden art in the Czech lands from the 16th to the 18th century with an emphasis on Italian patterns and Italian artists. There are gardens that took the morphology of the Italian garden – they were built in slopes, their architecture uses terraces and stairs, dynamic water is used or some building elements typical of the Italian garden. The information provided exemplify the great influence of Italian culture in the Czech lands, which got there directly with Italian artists and builders.
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Doğmuşöz, Burçin Burcu. "Plant selection for rain gardens in temperate climates: The case of Izmir, Turkey". Journal of Design for Resilience in Architecture and Planning 5, n.º 1 (23 de abril de 2024): 18–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.47818/drarch.2024.v5i1117.
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Rain gardens have gained importance in recent years as a green infrastructure strategy. These gardens, created to capture, filter, and absorb runoff from impervious surfaces, offer a sustainable method for addressing water-related challenges in urban areas. Incorporating rain gardens into urban areas not only addresses the challenges of heavy rainfall and flooding but also brings about ecological advantages by encouraging biodiversity, improving water quality, increasing resilience, and enhancing the aesthetic appeal of urban settings. Plant selection in rain gardens plays a crucial role in their effectiveness and sustainability. The research focused on exploring the importance of carefully choosing plants for rain gardens, aiming to help in selecting the most suitable flora and creating visually appealing, resilient, and ecologically important landscapes. For this purpose, Izmir Katip Celebi University was selected as a study area. The first step was to locate an appropriate space for a rain garden and evaluate its potential for a rain garden implementation. Next, plants suitable for a rain garden in a temperate climate were listed. Among these plants, those that can be found in Izmir were selected after contacting nurseries. Only fourteen of them were available. Utilizing the plants listed that align with the project requirements and the plant design criteria such as diverse color, high density, and proportion outlined in the literature review, a proposal for a rain garden design was recommended. Since the rain garden consists of three different zones (dry, wet, and moderate), the plants were arranged accordingly. This design was tailored to suit existing conditions, such as a temperate climate and proximity to the building. Factors like varying climate conditions or alternative rain garden placements were not accounted for in this design. Given the necessity for diverse plant selections in varying climates, research carried out across different regions holds significant value. This study, conducted in Izmir province, will enrich existing literature and provide municipalities with crucial guidance in plant selection in a rain garden project, offering valuable insights.
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Halbrooks, Mary C. "The English Garden at Stan Hywet Hall and Gardens: Interpretation, Analysis, and Documentation of a Historic Garden Restoration". HortTechnology 15, n.º 2 (enero de 2005): 196–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.15.2.0196.
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Stan Hywet Hall and Gardens in Akron, Ohio, is a historical estate of national significance. Originally the home of the wealthy Seiberling family in the early 1900s, Stan Hywet Hall and Gardens was designed by renowned Boston landscape architect Warren Manning between 1911 and 1917. In 1915, the English Garden, one of several garden rooms on the estate, was designed by Manning as a walled, hidden garden. Thirteen years later, the garden's style was reconceived and its spatial dimensions restructured by Ellen Biddle Shipman, the foremost among women landscape architects of that time. Historic photographs document the implementation and maintenance of Shipman's design from 1928 to 1946. After 1946, the English Garden, lacking proper maintenance, was transformed into a shady retreat under towering evergreens on its perimeter. Few of the plantings from the Shipman period remained by 1989, whereas the architectural and structuring elements of the garden were still intact. The decision to restore the English Garden to Shipman's planting design provides a highly accurate representation of the garden during a particular period in its history (1928–46). Architectural rehabilitation of the garden's walls, walks, pathways, and pools was followed by an exacting restoration of the plantings according to Shipman's plans. In 1991, restoration of the English Garden was completed and it was opened to the public in 1992. Objectives of this paper are to 1) illustrate and illuminate contemporary historic landscape preservation practice and theory as applied to the English Garden at Stan Hywet Hall and Gardens and 2) document the horticultural methods associated with this historic garden restoration.
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Han, Hae-Young, Eui-Je Lim y Jae-Hyun Rho. "Formative Characteristics of the Soudang (素宇堂) Historic House <italic>Byeoldang</italic> Garden in Uiseong". Journal of People, Plants, and Environment 25, n.º 1 (28 de febrero de 2022): 49–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2022.25.1.49.
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Background and objective This study aimed to estimate the creation period and creators of Soudang historic house Byeoldang (Annexe) Garden (素宇堂古宅 別堂庭園, Unification as ‘SB Garden’ from now on) located in Uiseong-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do through a literature research and field survey, and establish the construction style and value of the garden through research and analysis of its spatial and visual characteristics and garden design. The findings are as follows. Methods The research method was a combination of literature study, field survey, and comparative review. The architectural history of SB Garden were analyzed through a literature survey, and the spatial configuration of Soudanggotaek and the visual and planting design characteristics of SB Garden were derived through field survey. Also the form and style of SB Garden were identified through comparative studies between Japanese garden style cases, and Japanese gardens created in Korea during the late Joseon and Japanese colonial period. Results It is estimated that SB Garden was built between 1890 and 1920, during the late Joseon Dynasty and the early days of Japanese colonial rule, by Lee Jang-seop (1854–1907) and Lee Hong (1887–1972). Comprehensively considering the form of its small hills, the shape of the pond and the introduction of yarimizu, the presentation of oddly-shaped stones and stone structures (stone settings), the introduction of stone bridges and stone lanterns, the strolling route and stepping stones, and the tree species introduced and their planting methods, the hills of SB Garden are different in form and technique from seokgasan created in Korean traditional gardens. Through the hills, the intention of making a garden is detected, with the motif of “garden of cranes and turtles.” Conclusion The foundation from which SB Garden can be considered a Korean traditional garden is very weak, and this garden is evaluated as a modern garden completed by introducing a Japanese garden style in modern times. Specifically, SB Garden is considered to be a stroll-style garden that enables users to appreciate it by connecting the three gardens with stepping stones and stone bridges, including the garden of cranes and turtles (a sort of pond garden), the tea garden centered on the Byeoldang (Annexe), and the stone garden.
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Shevchenko, Marianna. "PRINCIPAL DESIGN TECHNIQUES OF RECONCILIATION OF ARCHITECTURE AND NATURE IN CHINESE GARDENS OF SUZHOU". Биосферная совместимость: человек, регион, технологии, n.º 1(25) (1 de septiembre de 2019): 14–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/23-11-1518-2019-25-1-14-28.
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Park and garden design of China initially had relatively few strict limitations and rules and there was a great deal of room for creativity. However study of gardens of Suzhou makes it possible to distinguish some basic compositional design features. Those features are: zoning of the park space; designing of routs for visi-tors; creation of contrast and background both in large landscape zones and in small-scale objects; “land-scape borrowing”; use of depth and succession of landscape views. A major challenge for the architect is creation of complex, multi-layered space, where walking routes between the compositional dominants play a significant role. The use of these design features visually extends the garden space, gives the visitor choice between several routes and enriches content of the garden. Besides, several main design objects can be dis-tinguished, such as: large and small water bodies; artificial mountains and stone groups; garden structures, including pavilions, terraces, towers and galleries; decorations and vegetation. Individual design objects and in particular the architectural structures allow us to elaborate the garden space in more detail. Chinese park is inconceivable without the synthesis between the nature and architecture. The acquisition of basic compositional design features allow us not only to better understand the organization of private gardens in China, but also to use them in own design practice.
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HANGAN, Ana-Maria Roxana, Mirela COJOCARIU, Doina Mira DASCALU, Elena Liliana CHELARIU y Vasile STOLERU. "ORNAMENTAL VEGETABLE GARDEN DESIGN POSSIBILITIES USING MODULAR RAISED BEDS". March 56, n.º 1(193) (3 de mayo de 2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.46909/alse-561081.
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Ornamental vegetable gardens have many benefits. They are aesthetic, educational, ecological, economical, sanitary, and are a source of fresh food. Small allotments in urban and peri-urban areas do not allow the implementation of utilitarian gardens. Thus, ornamental vegetable gardens are the best choice. Raised beds can be used to enhance the decorative effect of the entire vegetable garden. This type of construction presents, in turn, several advantages both for the user and crop: reduced effort for maintenance work, early heating of the substrate, loose substrate, reduced volume of weeds, efficient use of space for plants, etc. Establishing ornamental vegetable gardens on raised beds is easily achieved using geometric modules, as they can be adapted to various designs. This paper presents several design options for a decorative vegetable garden on private properties. The case studies presented showed different methods of using modular raised beds depending on the property's area, the owner's wishes, and the desired area to be planted. Also, depending on the results obtained from the experimental batch, three other variations of modular layouts with different purposes were proposed: focal point, physically closed but visually open space, and relaxation space.
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Wen, Cai. "A Study on the Value of Green, Low Carbon and Environmentally Friendly Materials in Modern Gardens". Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy 17, n.º 4 (1 de agosto de 2023): 433–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2293.
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With the continued development of the modern economy, China has made great achievements in urbanisation. However, while China’s economic progress has been effective, it has also advocated the construction of green cities and the application of green materials in modern garden construction to build a livable life for people. In order to promote the use of natural green materials, materials should be planned well in modern garden construction. On the basis of making full use of these green materials, garden design is optimised with the help of natural green materials. This study analyses the current situation of the development of the urbanised garden industry, makes good site planning and design of modern gardens, applies natural green plants in urbanised construction, and increases the application rate of green, low-carbon and environmentally friendly materials in modern garden construction. The study provides a reference for the full use of green, low-carbon and environmentally friendly materials in modern garden construction to enhance the level of garden design.
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Davis, Michael Maks, Andrea Lorena Vallejo Espinosa y Francisco Rene Ramirez. "Beyond green façades: active air-cooling vertical gardens". Smart and Sustainable Built Environment 8, n.º 3 (3 de julio de 2019): 243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sasbe-05-2018-0026.
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Purpose Vertical gardens offer multiple benefits in urban environments, including passive cooling services. Previous research explored the use of “active vertical gardens” as potential evaporative air-cooling units by developing a mathematical model based on the FAO-56 Penman Monteith equation. Further research showed that active vertical gardens function best by creating an airflow in the cavity behind the garden such that air is cooled by flowing over the water-saturated garden substrate. The purpose of this paper is to improve the quantification of active vertical garden performance. Design/methodology/approach A building-incorporated vertical garden was built in Quito, Ecuador, with an air inlet at the top of the garden, an air cavity behind the garden and where air was expelled from the base. Measurements were made of air temperature, humidity and velocity at the air inlet and outlet. Findings The active vertical garden cooled the air by an average of 8.1 °C with an average cooling capacity of 682.8 W. Including the effects of pre-cooling at the garden inlet, the garden cooled the air by an average of 14.3 °C with an average cooling capacity of 1,203.2 W. Originality/value The results are promising and support the potential for active vertical gardens to be incorporated into building services and climate control.
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Mohammadi, Hanieh y Nima Valibeig. "THE ANALYSIS OF ELEMENTS GEOMETRY POSITION IN THE IRANIAN GARDEN STRUCTURE". JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 42, n.º 2 (29 de octubre de 2018): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jau.2018.6138.
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Iranian garden has been known as a specific architecture in the whole world. Among all its special features, the geometrical structure of Iranian garden has always attracted the attention of architects and researchers. Nowadays, despite numerous studies on the Iranian gardens, the lack of geometrical studies and the extension of some old concepts have led to recognize the Iranian gardens based on a unique pattern in terms of geometry. This pattern has been known as an archetype and typifies the Iranian Garden Geometry as a quarter pattern. That it could not be a true hypothesis, because the impact of garden components on its structure has been neglected. Investigating geometric position of garden elements and their relationship with the general form of garden would provide more accurate theoretical basis for Iranian garden design. In addition, this approach could help experts to retrieve the ruined part of historical gardens. So far, extensive garden studies have been carried out more on the symbolic concepts, components introduction and typology according to times and locations. This article is the first attempt to study each common element’s geometry to realize how the spatial structures could be effective in the garden formation. This paper aims to recognize the architectural geometric logic of gardens based on library studies and field recordings.
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Johnson, James. "Promoting the Residential Habitat Garden through Education". HortScience 30, n.º 4 (julio de 1995): 911F—911. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.911f.
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As the need to design residential landscapes in an environmentally sensitive manner becomes more apparent, the demand for educational materials and activities that promote the habitat garden is growing. In response to this need, an educational plan, ranging from the publication of a booklet to the implementation of a demonstration garden, has been undertaken. The booklet should serve both the homeowner and the professional designer interested in wildlife-sensitive designs. Horticultural faculty and students are being organized to implement one of my designs on the Clemson Univ. campus to demonstrate the habitat garden concepts found in the booklet. Working with local homeowners by designing and having their yards certified by the National Wildlife Federation as “Backyard Wildlife Habitats” has also served to promote the habitat garden. I am also working with the Dept. of Horticulture and senior citizen volunteers to raise money to build a demonstration garden in the South Carolina State Botanical Garden. The incorporation of written materials, designs, certifications, and demonstration gardens into an educational package has resulted in a community effort to promote the habitat garden.
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Johnson, James. "Promoting the Residential Habitat Garden through Education". HortScience 30, n.º 4 (julio de 1995): 911F—911. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.911.
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As the need to design residential landscapes in an environmentally sensitive manner becomes more apparent, the demand for educational materials and activities that promote the habitat garden is growing. In response to this need, an educational plan, ranging from the publication of a booklet to the implementation of a demonstration garden, has been undertaken. The booklet should serve both the homeowner and the professional designer interested in wildlife-sensitive designs. Horticultural faculty and students are being organized to implement one of my designs on the Clemson Univ. campus to demonstrate the habitat garden concepts found in the booklet. Working with local homeowners by designing and having their yards certified by the National Wildlife Federation as “Backyard Wildlife Habitats” has also served to promote the habitat garden. I am also working with the Dept. of Horticulture and senior citizen volunteers to raise money to build a demonstration garden in the South Carolina State Botanical Garden. The incorporation of written materials, designs, certifications, and demonstration gardens into an educational package has resulted in a community effort to promote the habitat garden.
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Taylor, Patrick y Candice A. Shoemaker. "Chicago Botanic Garden Encyclopedia of Gardens: History and Design". Garden History 30, n.º 1 (2002): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1587330.
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Li, Dandan, Li Li, Xinqi Dai y Zihan Su. "Analysis of Huanxi Garden based on the textual research of ancient boos and literatures". BCP Education & Psychology 11 (21 de diciembre de 2023): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/4sqctb30.
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The creation of gardens was based on the visual experience of Song Dynasty landscape painting. The literati painting provides realistic depictions of gardens from various perspectives. Although the original objects of Huanxi Garden are no longer extant, there are available historical documents and image materials that serve as references for the garden's restoration work. Due to the restricted number of researchers and limited data available, we extracted the garden elements and reconstructed the plan based on the garden views portrayed in Song paintings and Song Ci poems. This enabled us to replicate the overall spatial design of Huanxi Garden and restructure its layout.