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Toft, Søren y Maria J. Albo. "The shield effect: nuptial gifts protect males against pre-copulatory sexual cannibalism". Biology Letters 12, n.º 5 (mayo de 2016): 20151082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2015.1082.
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Several not mutually exclusive functions have been ascribed to nuptial gifts across different taxa. Although the idea that a nuptial prey gift may protect the male from pre-copulatory sexual cannibalism is attractive, it has previously been considered of no importance based on indirect evidence and rejected by experimental tests. We reinvestigated whether nuptial gifts may function as a shield against female attacks during mating encounters in the spider Pisaura mirabilis and whether female hunger influences the likelihood of cannibalistic attacks. The results showed that pre-copulatory sexual cannibalism was enhanced when males courted without a gift and this was independent of female hunger. We propose that the nuptial gift trait has evolved partly as a counteradaptation to female aggression in this spider species.
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Snikersproge, Ieva. "Mallard, Grégoire. 2019. Gift Exchange". TSANTSA – Journal of the Swiss Anthropological Association 26 (30 de junio de 2021): 250–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36950/tsantsa.2021.26.7424.
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Starzyński, Wojciech. "Phenomenology of Being Given in Jean-Luc Marion: Reduction, Intention, Image, Gift". Idea. Studia nad strukturą i rozwojem pojęć filozoficznych, n.º 21 (2009): 71–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/idea.2009.21.06.
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Lawlor, Leonard. "The Most Difficult Task". Studia Phaenomenologica 19 (2019): 251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/studphaen20191913.
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This article attempts to elaborate on the Derridean idea of transcendental violence and his idea of “violence against violence.” It does this by examining the structure of the gift as Derrida presents it in Given Time. The article lays out in detail all of the conditions for the gift Derrida presents across Given Time. More precisely, it examines Derrida’s analysis of the giving of counterfeit money. The conclusion it draws is that the giving of counterfeit money comes closest to the golden mean between exchange and non-exchange (or pure gift-giving), the golden mean between violence and non-violence. But the open question is: should we prescribe the giving of counterfeit money for all gift-giving and even for human relations of friendship and love?
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Heath, Teresa Pereira, Caroline Tynan y Christine Ennew. "Accounts of self-gift giving: nature, context and emotions". European Journal of Marketing 49, n.º 7/8 (13 de julio de 2015): 1067–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-03-2014-0153.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a contextualized view of participants’ accounts of self-gift consumer behaviour (SGCB) throughout the consumption cycle, from the motivations to the emotions that follow. Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses an interpretive approach, focused on participants’ constructions of meanings, using 99 critical incident technique interviews, which followed 16 in-depth interviews. Findings – This paper identifies the following self-gift motivations: To Reward Myself (and Others); To celebrate; To remember or get closer; To forget or part; To feel loved or cheered up; and To enjoy life. It also uncovers a compensatory/therapeutic dimension in most self-gifts. The authors identify changes in emotional responses to SGCB over time, and suggest a relationship between these emotions and the contexts that drive self-gifts. Self-gifts are conceptualized as pleasure-oriented, symbolic and special consumption experiences, which are self-directed, or both self- and others-directed; perceived by the consumer to be justified by the contexts in which they occur; and driven and followed by context-dependent emotions. Originality/value – This manuscript offers novel insights into participants’ uses of both SGCB and the act of labelling purchases “self-gifts”. It uncovers how consumers are concerned with accounting for indulgent spending and how this problematizes the concept of “self-gift”. It challenges the idea of a single context for SGCB, showing how interacting motivations explain it. It also introduces a temporal dimension to self-gift theory by considering emotional responses at different times. Finally, it offers a new conceptualization of and theoretical framework for SGCB.
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Mouakhar-Klouz, Dania, Alain d’Astous y Denis Darpy. "I’m worth it or I need it? Self-gift giving and consumers’ self-regulatory mindset". Journal of Consumer Marketing 33, n.º 6 (12 de septiembre de 2016): 447–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-05-2015-1417.
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Purpose The aim of the research presented in this paper is to enhance our understanding of self-gift giving behavior. Self-regulatory theory is used as a conceptual support to achieve this objective. The main idea that is explored is that consumers’ self-gift purchase intentions vary across contexts and situations to the extent that these are compatible or not with their self-regulatory mindset, whether it is chronic or situational. Design/methodology/approach Two studies, using a scenario-based experiment, were conducted to investigate the effects that regulatory focus has on consumers’ intentions to buy themselves a gift. Findings The results support the proposition that the chronic form of regulatory focus in success and failure situations has a significant impact on the intention to purchase a gift to oneself and show that the situational form of regulatory focus has an influence on self-gift purchase intention as well. They also confirm that situations that are congruent with consumers’ self-regulatory mindset lead to stronger self-gift purchase intentions. Originality/value The main contribution of this research lies in delineating the role that some specific dispositional and situational factors play in shaping consumers’ perceptions of success and failure events and how this impacts the eventual purchase of a gift to oneself. This contrasts with previous research on self-gift giving, where success and failure situations are assumed to be perceived similarly by consumers. Marketing managers wishing to stimulate consumers’ propensity to buy themselves gifts should consider using regulatory focus as a segmentation basis. Marketing communications should be adapted to consumers’ self-regulatory mindset.
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Turenko, V. E. "POLEMICNESS AND AGONALITY OF DISCOURSE OF LOVE: PHILOSOPHICAL AND CULTURAL VIEW". UKRAINIAN CULTURAL STUDIES, n.º 1 (4) (2019): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/ucs.2019.1(4).07.
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The article conceptualizes the idea of the unity of love and war based on the mythological, cultural, and philosophical aspects. The author, based on a number of theoretical and empirical arguments, hypothesizes that the "polemical" (warlike) Eros`s image as archer with arrows has its roots in Middle Eastern (Sumerian-Akkadian, Semitic) mythology, which saw not the opposition of love and war, and a close relationship of these phenomenons in the image of Ishtar (Inanna, Astarte). It is highlighted that the courtly culture of love through the idea of winning lady's heart is characterized by the fact that it is the cultural, empirical embodiment of the understanding of the unity of the discourse of love and the discourse of war. It emphazises the idea that the philosophical aspect of understanding this issue is associated with two phenomenons, namely power and gift. Accordingly, it is within the frame- work of the discourse of love that the “admiration” takes place, the effect of which is explained by the fact that having subjugated the object of love, the subject himself obeys him. At the same time, in the context of the gift, there is an “agon”, that is, a competition between those in love regarding the exchange of gifts and pleasures. Therefore, it is argued that the discourse of love is polemical and agonal.
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Droz, Yvan. "Grégoire Mallard, Gift Exchange. The Transnational History of a Political Idea". L'Homme, n.º 233 (27 de febrero de 2020): 151–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/lhomme.36869.
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Sjöstrand, Glenn. "The Return of the Gift – European History of a Global Idea". European Societies 17, n.º 1 (20 de diciembre de 2013): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616696.2013.865065.
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Gerčar, Jaka. "The Gift, and Especially the Obligation to Return It - Jasmina Cibic’ Foundation of Endeavour". Master, Vol. 5, no. 2 (2020): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47659/m9.018.rev.
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Foundation of Endeavour centres on Jasmina Cibic’s ongoing investigation into the idea of political gifts of culture, exploring their role within national and political structures during moments of European crisis in the 20th century. The exhibition in the Museum of Contemporary Art in Ljubljana (MSUM), curated by Igor Španjol, comprises several of Cibic’s recent works: All the Power that Melts into Noise, Foundation of Endeavour, The Spirit of Our Needs, and the 20’ art film project The Gift. The author argues that the multipartite exhibition succeeds in conveying often overlooked manifestations of “soft power” formidably well, thus shedding light onto the historical, anthropological and sociological facets of political gifts and also suggesting relevant considerations on the significance of notions such as “public art”, “internationalism”, and “national culture”.
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Ionata, Maddalena, Benedetta Ionata, Stefania Del Torre y Maria Regina Liberti. "By the Kindness to the Gift of Self". Journal for Perspectives of Economic Political and Social Integration 19, n.º 1-2 (17 de julio de 2014): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10241-012-0021-7.
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Abstract The object of this research is gentleness, a construct maybe not treated enough in the literature, but just in the area of the so called Positive Psychology. And precisely from his representative Martin Seligman, the inspiration for the construction of a questionnaire and of a specific hypothesis has been born, including the use of a precise terminology. In general terms, maybe the most interesting result lies in the fact of having found a correlation between the various items, therefore between the various constructs, in accordance with the idea of gentleness proposed as a synergy of “quality”. This idea has also been supported from recent research in which has emerged a very tight bond between optimism and a particular character trait that is extroversion. Being placed at a higher, transcendental level, the “gift of oneself” could become the “jump of quality” to fulfil ourselves in the relation with the other.
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Sieck, Stephen. "BE FRUITFUL AND MULTIPLY: A THEORETICAL EXPLANATION OF COPLAND'S ‘IN THE BEGINNING’". Tempo 62, n.º 245 (julio de 2008): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298208000181.
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The really important question is: ‘What does the composer start with; where does he begin?’ The answer to that is, Every composer begins with a musical idea – a musical idea, you understand, not a mental, literary, or extramusical idea. Suddenly a theme comes to him. (Theme is used as synonymous with musical idea.) The composer starts with this theme; and the theme is a gift from Heaven. Aaron Copland, What to Listen for in Music (1939)
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Williams, Kevin. "The Gift of an Interval: Michael Oakeshott's Idea of a University Education". British Journal of Educational Studies 37, n.º 4 (noviembre de 1989): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3121347.
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Williams, Kevin. "The gift of an interval: Michael Oakeshott's idea of a university education". British Journal of Educational Studies 37, n.º 4 (noviembre de 1989): 384–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00071005.1989.9973826.
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Ferguson, Margaret. "The Letter of Recommendation as Strange Work". PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 127, n.º 4 (octubre de 2012): 954–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2012.127.4.954.
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On the one hand, the gift presents itself as a radical Other of the commodity—and therefore also of work, insofar as the latter is understood as an investment of time and energy made in the expectation of wages or profit. On the other hand, the idea of the gift seems constantly to be drawn back under the horizon of rational exchange, and to be thus endlessly re-revealed as a secret ally of both work and the Work.—Scott Cutler Shershow, The Work and the GiftI have put together all these details to convince you that this recommendation of mine is something out of the common.Quae ego omnia collegi, ut intellegeres non vulgarem esse commendationem hanc meam.—Cicero, Epistulae ad familiares, book 13LAST FALL I FOUND IN MY OFFICE MAILBOX AN ENVELOPE FROM A SOPHOMORE ENGLISH MAJOR WHO HAD ASKED ME DURING THE SUMMER for a last-minute letter of recommendation for a scholarship competition. The envelope contained a handwritten thank-you note—and a gift certificate for a local restaurant. I e-mailed the student to thank her and to tell her that I couldn't accept the gift certificate since the letter I had written for her was part of my job as a teacher. She insisted; I insisted. She said that several teachers had turned her down before I agreed (from a hotel in Germany) to write for her. I felt rueful, as well as grateful to her for the token of gratitude that I couldn't accept. Eventually she won the debate: I accepted the printed piece of paper and took my daughters out to a free lunch.
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Pavenkov, Oleg y Mariia Rubtcova. "Metaphysics of love in the religious philosophy of Pável Florensky". Anales del Seminario de Historia de la Filosofía 33, n.º 1 (8 de abril de 2016): 163–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/rev_ashf.2016.v33.n1.52293.
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This article focuses on the analysis of the concept of love in the religious philosophy of Pavel Florensky, who shares the ontological approach to the consideration of love with other representatives of Russian religious philosophy (N. berdyaev and S. bulgakov). We pay more careful attention to the understanding of love-άγαπαν by Florensky. We have drawn the conclusion that, in the philosophy of P. Florensky, Love, closely connected with truth and beauty, is considered an ontological basis existence of personality. We develop the ideas of Pavel Florensky, and accordingly assume that it is possible to synthesise love-agape and love-eros around the idea of sacrificial love. Agapelogical and erotical ‘bezels’ of one jewel of love is aspects of united love, which is given by God. this gift of God, the gift of united love, is kept by humans through prayer and deeds of love.
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Hann, Chris. "Liebersohn, Harry: The Return of the Gift. European History of a Global Idea". Anthropos 107, n.º 1 (2012): 279–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0257-9774-2012-1-279.
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Łabuda, Piotr. "Γένοιτό μοι jako dzieło łaski Bożej przyjęte wiarą przez Maryję (Łk 1, 26-38)". Ruch Biblijny i Liturgiczny 61, n.º 1 (31 de marzo de 2008): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21906/rbl.313.
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Mary’s acceptance of God’s gift takes place after meditation that is happening inside her during the annunciation. If you wish to learn about the process of how Mary made the decision of accepting the gift it is valid to study the selected phrases that appear in Saint Luke’s description of the event. The particular formulas, that refer to or encourage reflection on the selected events from the history of the chosen people, include and present the idea of the secret of God’s choice as well as Mary’s free and deliberate decision.
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Peltomäki, Isto. "Theology and Philosophy of Care". Neue Zeitschrift für Systematische Theologie und Religionsphilosophie 61, n.º 3 (10 de septiembre de 2019): 370–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nzsth-2019-0020.
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Summary This paper explores pastoral care as a common task of all Christians in the light of theology and philosophy of love in contemporary Finnish Lutheran theology. Pastoral care is about taking care of one’s suffering neighbours, which theologically is about love. The so-called Finnish school of Luther studies considered Luther as a theologian of love. Finnish theological ethics has concentrated on interpretation of Luther’s theology. Luther’s concept of love has been reinterpreted by Risto Saarinen with the idea of gift and recognition. Following Saarinen, and Jaana Hallamaa’s ethical theory of agency, the paper illustrates how the Lutheran idea of love can be based on agency, gift giving and reciprocity and so be understood as praxis in terms of Christian life. To conclude, the question of what makes caring Christian in nature, or pastoral care in other words, is explored in the light of faith as trust.
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Barbieri, Natália Alves y Cynthia Sarti. "Too much love: institutional care for old age". Vibrant: Virtual Brazilian Anthropology 13, n.º 1 (junio de 2016): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-43412016v13n1p071.
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Abstract This paper, which is an exercise in articulating anthropology and psychoanalysis to the study of care for elderly people, is based on an ethnographic case study of an institution caring for the elderly in the city of São Paulo. It seeks to understand the representations of old age, aging and care, and what motivates professionals who provide assistance to the aged. Love, care and attention, understood by professionals and staff as requirements for a good job performance, are designated as donation (gift), regardless of technical knowledge. Recurrent references to both charity (gift) and biomedicine (technique) models, have implications for caring for the aged. For different reasons, both management models converge in a practice in which the elderly appear submitted to the intentions of another. The idea of gift as a supposedly unintentional action reveals care as a power relationship.
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Н.М., Усманова. "THE NECESSITY OF PRACTICING COLLOCATIONS THROUGH THE ACTIVITY GIFT GIVING AT UNIVERSITY". Vestnik Bishkek Humanities University, n.º 49 (29 de noviembre de 2019): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35254/bhu.2019.49.17.
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Abstract: The article suggests a new approach to teaching collocations through the process of gift giving. It reports on an action research study that was conducted with the aim of understanding the role of positive emotions, giving gifts, and collocations in class. This article gives a description of the main activity of the course, namely Gift Giving. In this regard, it provides an illuminating discussion of how the activity could improve students’ speaking and writing skills. The action research study aims at investigating how students could prepare discussion questions based on students’ presentations, write creative paragraphs, and exchange memorable gifts. This article was written in an attempt to illuminate the idea that positive emotions during students’ presentations lead to their active learning of collocation. Key words: collocations, gift giving, different contexts, creative paragraphs, formu- lating and asking questions, presentations, an exchange of ideas, photos, communica- tion, positive emotions. Аннотациясы: Берилген макалада сөз айкаштарын белектердин жардамы менен өтүүгө дайындалган жаңы ыкма сунушталат. Бул макала англис тил сабагындагы сөз айкаштардын, жагымдуу эмоциялардын жана белектердин ролу жөнүндө өткөрүлгөн эксперименталдуу изилдөөнү сүрөттөйт. Макалада семестрдын башкы көнүгүүсү сүрөттөлөт, тактап айтканда "Белек берүү". Ошол эле учурда, макалада бул көнүгүү студенттердин жазуу жана сүйлөө жөндөмдөрүн кандай жол менен жакшыртууга жардам берээри жөнүндө толук баяндама берилген. Эксперименталдуу изилдөө студенттердин презентациясына ылайыкталган талкулоо үчүн суроо берүүлөрүн, чыгармачыл абзац жазуусун жана эсте калуучу белектер менен алмашуусун максат коёт. Макала презентация учурундагы студенттердин жагымдуу эмоциялары сөз айкаштарын эффективдүү окууга алып келерине кызыктыруу үчүн жазылган. Түйүндүү сөздөр: сөз айкаштары, белек берүү, түрдүү контекст, чыгармачыл абзац, суроо түзүү жана суроо берүү, презентациялар, пикирлер менен алмашуу, сүрөттөр, сүйлөшүү, жагымдуу эмоциялар. Аннотация: Данная статья предлагает новый подход к преподаванию словосочетаний при помощи подарков. Статья описывает экспериментальное исследование, которое было проведено с целью понимания роли позитивных эмоций, подарков, а также словосочетаний на уроках английского языка. В статье дается описание главного упражнения в обучении, а именно Дарение Подарков. При этом статься дает детальное описание того, как данное упражнение может помочь студентам развивать их навыки письма и говорения. Экспериментальное исследование ставит пред собой цель изучить то, как студенты могут готовить вопросы для дискуссий, которые основаны на презентациях студентов, а также как можно написать креативный параграф и обменяться памятными подарками. Статья была написана с целью привлечения внимания к тому, что позитивные эмоции студентов во время презентаций приводят к результатам эффективного изучения словосочетаний. Ключевые слова: словосочетания, дарение подарков, различный контекст, креативные абзацы, задавать и формировать вопросы, презентации, обмен идеями, фотографии, общение, позитивные эмоции.
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Edgar, Eugene. "Where Does Weather Come From? A Response to “Behavioral Disorders: A Postmodern Perspective”". Behavioral Disorders 23, n.º 3 (mayo de 1998): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019874299802300302.
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One of the positions of postmodern thought is that there are no overriding theories that explain the world or specific phenomena in the world. David Elkind expands on this idea in discussing behavioral disorders. This response to Elkind proposes three possible metanarratives that could be useful in thinking about behavioral disorders: democracy, spirituality, and the notions of Nick Hobbs. These narratives are described as universal—ideas and notions about which the majority of people who think about them could reach consensus. What postmodern thinking has provided us is the gift of different voices and different ideas. We should welcome these ideas but never give up evaluating them or trying to find overarching narratives that can guide our work.
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Hall, Tom. "Not Miser Not Monk: Begging, Benefits and the Free Gift". Sociological Research Online 10, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2005): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.1205.
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This article considers the idea of the ‘free’ gift, in particular relation to begging and the receipt of social security benefit and in reference to ethnographic research with the homeless in London and the South East of England. The article draws attention to the potential for both ‘dole money’ and spare change to signify, socially, in ways which wound. This is to recognise the Maussian connotations and moral framing to contemporary exchanges which mark out people as poor, even where the intention might be to give freely.
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Lee, Jaehyuck. "Kula and relation capital: Rational reinterpretation of primitive gift institution". Rationality and Society 23, n.º 4 (noviembre de 2011): 475–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043463111425011.
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We take the view that social institution can be interpreted as equilibrium outcomes from the rational conduct of social exchanges. ‘Relation capital’ captures the idea that people make an optimal choice in their tie-makings as well as individual acts. We reinterpret from a rational choice perspective the well-known gift institution of primitive society documented by classical anthropological studies, the kula. We provide a detailed analysis of kula in terms of relation capital accumulation and fame building. The dynamic optimization perspective is applied to reinterpret various aspects of this ceremonial exchange. A formal model of the kula economy is provided to show the unstable nature of the gift equilibrium. Optimal time paths of consumption and gift-giving are derived, and a sufficient condition for the instability of the steady state is formally provided. Many qualitative discussions are characterized in terms of formal results, including the reason for the specific form of kula.
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Carty, Jarrett A. "Martin Luther's Political Interpretation of the Song of Songs". Review of Politics 73, n.º 3 (2011): 449–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670511003445.
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AbstractMartin Luther argued that the Hebrew Bible's Song of Songs was “an encomium of the political order,” a praise and thanksgiving to God for the gift of temporal government. Luther's political interpretation of this book was unique in his age, and remains so in the history of biblical commentary. This paper offers an account of Luther's peculiar interpretation, as well as its place in his interpretation of the Bible and in the history of biblical commentary, by arguing that it exhibits the foundational idea of his political thought that secular authority is a precious gift from God, and that the Song of Songs, as a praise of conjugal love, provides for political authority a fitting biblical encomium.
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Knorre, Boris y Anna Murashova. "Reciprocity “by Blessing”: Debatable Issues of Gift Exchange in The Church Community". Sotsiologicheskoe Obozrenie / Russian Sociological Review 18, n.º 4 (2019): 186–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2019-4-186-211.
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The article is an attempt to analyze the most significant aspects of gift exchange in the context of the models of economic integration in the Church’s social milieu. The most important points of the discussion are the propositions and mechanisms of gift exchange designated in recent works by G. Yudin, I. Zabaev, the archpriest N. Emelyanov, and some other researchers providing an idea of the opportunity and the special role of the priest in generating gift exchange. We argue that a number of key issues concerning the opportunity for priests to generate gift exchange remains debatable and sensible. To what extent are priests today free from the competition in, engagement with, and from aiming at maximizing resources? What are the modes of personal dependence/independence in the Church’s social milieu? What are the mechanisms for the formation of solidarity, moral duty, and formal and informal obligations between the priest, parishioners, major donators, and non-Church actors? What is the nature of the exchange processes, and how much do they match the criteria of gift exchange so that they can be distinguished from patron-client relations, the hierarchical distribution of resources, or processes launched by bigmen? These and other issues with regard to the Church environment are analyzed in the article using empirical material and the observations illustrating the specifics of social integration and certain options for exchange relations. We are aiming to delineate approximately what the “status quo” is of today’s gift-exchange processes in the Church, their obstacles, and the points of failure and risks. At the same time, we offer our theoretical explanation of these obstacles and the resulting conflicts that arise during the organization of gift exchange in the Church’s social milieu.
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Robani, Anidah y Kamal Salih. "POSITIONING ISLAMIC GIFT ECONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AT THE LOCAL LEVEL". Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 6, n.º 2 (15 de diciembre de 2018): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2018.6214.
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Purpose: The general objective of this study is to explore the potential of Islamic Gift Economy in relation to sustainable development at the local level. This paper is therefore, highlights conceptually some preliminary insights on how the Sustainable Development (SD) and the Islamic Economy can be incorporated into a broader sustainability framework involving the three pillars of economic, social and environmental (ESE) sustainability.
Methodology: This paper is abouta preliminary conceptual exploration into the meaning, and potential of Islamic Gift Economy in enhancing sustainable development at the local level.
Main findings: The central argument of this article revolves around the idea that Islamic Gift Economy with its focus on social justice (‘adl), balance (mizan), and common good (maslahaha’mmah)can be an alternative economic paradigm and development model in this post-capitalist development agenda.
Application of the study: This study may be beneficial to policy makers from national to local/community level on how to enhance local/village economy through Islamic Gift Economy.
Novelty/Originality of the study: This paper intends to propose an integral framework on the relationship between IGE and sustainable development at the local level. Theoretical and policy implications, and opportunities for future research were also highlighted.
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Stambach, Amy y Aikande C. Kwayu. "Take the Gift of My Child and Return Something to Me: On Children, Chagga Trust, and a New American Evangelical Orphanage on Mount Kilimanjaro". Journal of Religion in Africa 43, n.º 4 (2013): 379–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700666-12341263.
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AbstractThis essay examines local and international Christian efforts on Mount Kilimanjaro to educate children. A prevailing idea among people who live on the mountain is that children engender trust and trade. This idea is illuminated through the adage ‘Take the gift of my child and return something to me’ and is embedded in the concept of Chagga trust. The latter is both an ethical mode and a social entity. Local ideas of children and trust partly overlap with but also differ from American evangelical missionaries’ views of children as needing to be safeguarded. Analysis of differences reveals that while religious missions have long played a role in providing education, the dynamics of privatization have changed the manner in which local leaders and international missionaries interact. Previous interactions were regular and routine; today’s are fewer, more contractual, and more formalized. The analysis presented here broadens and qualifies existing research that simply states that evangelicalism and the privatization of education helps the poor.
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Browar, Lisa. "PAVING THE ROAD TO HELL?: CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS AND THE “NEW” PHILANTHROPY". RBM: A Journal of Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Cultural Heritage 5, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2004): 52–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rbm.5.1.226.
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On February 6, 2002, The Washington Post reported: Throughout the nine months that her idea for an exhibition on American achievement at the Smithsonian Institution had been debated, Catherine B. Reynolds was frustrated with the process. She was angry that her idea of honoring prominent individuals had become a lightening rod for criticism. She was annoyed that some historians thought the Catherine B. Reynolds Foundation’s promised $38 million gift to the National Museum of American History didn’t mean she could help decide how the exhibit would be presented. She was befuddled by the slow and consensus-oriented process of putting together . . .
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Koczwara, Stanisław. "Katedra Piotra w nauczaniu Optata z Milewy jako ostateczny probierz prawdziwości Kościoła". Vox Patrum 46 (15 de julio de 2004): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.6748.
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The article St. Peter’s Chair in the Teaching of Optatus of Mileve as the Final Criterion of Authenticity of the Church is particularly about certain period in the catholic Church history in IV century, which was experienced in the Latin Africa by schism of the Donatists. In order to prevent the division Saint Optatus broadcasted the extremely mature conception of the Saint Peter's chair, that was based on Saint Cyprian's idea. Optatus describes this power/chair as a first gift for the Church - meaning Saint Peter, who is a source of the rest of gifts such as baptism and penance. This chair was transmitted to the Saint Peter's successors as a source and tool for the Church union. Everyone who wanted to be in the harmony with me Church should maintain complete union with bishop of Rome.
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Voigt, Christian C., Antje S. Kretzschmar, John R. Speakman y Gerlind U. C. Lehmann. "Female bushcrickets fuel their metabolism with male nuptial gifts". Biology Letters 4, n.º 5 (julio de 2008): 476–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2008.0282.
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In many arthropods, such as bushcrickets, males donate protein-rich nuptial gifts—so-called spermatophores—to females, which females ingest while the sperm enter the female's reproductive tract. Previously, it was shown that females route spermatophore nutrients over the course of hours and days to egg production or body synthesis. We investigated whether female bushcrickets fuel their metabolism with spermatophores immediately after consumption. We fed two male groups diets that were either enriched or depleted in 13 C, and then tracked the isotopic changes in exhaled breath in female bushcrickets after spermatophore consumption. Within 3 hours, the stable carbon isotope ratio ( δ 13 C) of female breath converged on the ratio of the male donor of the nuptial gift. This supports the idea that females quickly routed nutrients to metabolism, receiving immediate benefits from spermatophore feeding.
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Kleden, Paulus Budi. "IMAN YANG ATEIS Konsep Derrida Tentang Iman". DISKURSUS - JURNAL FILSAFAT DAN TEOLOGI STF DRIYARKARA 9, n.º 2 (11 de octubre de 2010): 135–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.36383/diskursus.v9i2.213.
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Abstract: Jacques Derrida is doubtless one of the most controversial phi- losophers of our time. Controversies surrounding him are mainly caused by his radical ideas which have shaken the main traditions of thinking in Western Philosophy. He demonstrates the contradictions of various philophical concepts. He also uses a provocative approach by connect- ing religion with atheism. This essay will demonstrate Derrida’s concept of religion and how it is connected with atheism. Derrida does not present a theology; however his idea of atheistic faith can contribute to a critical understanding of faith and its expressions within religions.
Keywords: Iman (faith), agama (religion), teror (terror), ateis (atheist; athe- istic), hadiah (gift; reward), pengetahuan (knowlegde).
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BIRD, RICHARD S. "Meertens number". Journal of Functional Programming 8, n.º 1 (enero de 1998): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956796897002931.
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Meertens number is a number with a very peculiar property. I had the idea in 1991, when I was invited to celebrate the occasion of Lambert Meertens' 25 years at the CWI, Amsterdam. Lambert has been a good friend and colleague for a number of years, and rather than bring the usual bottle of Glenlivet as a gift, I decided to give him a number.
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Brinkmann, Svend. "Conversational Knowledge and Gifts of Chance: On the State of the Method". International Journal of Qualitative Methods 19 (1 de enero de 2020): 160940692093942. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1609406920939426.
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For more than 15 years, I have been an active qualitative researcher, working in particular with semistructured qualitative interviews, both in empirical research projects and as an author of textbooks on interviewing. In this state of the method article, I first articulate an approach to qualitative inquiry based on the fundamental idea of the conversation on ontological, epistemological, and methodological grounds. I then diverge a bit from standard methodological approaches to qualitative research and introduce the notion of gifts of chance: As conversational creatures, we sometimes stumble upon interesting and thought-provoking conversations that we may analyze in a knowledge-producing process, even if this process has not been carefully planned and designed. As an example, I refer to an ongoing research project I now conduct with a woman in her 90s, which began when she contacted me unexpectedly as a veritable gift of chance.
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Łuków, Paweł. "Pure Altruistic Gift and the Ethics of Transplant Medicine". Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 17, n.º 1 (10 de diciembre de 2019): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11673-019-09951-z.
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AbstractThe article argues that altruistic giving based on anonymity, which is expected to promote social solidarity and block trade in human body parts, is conceptually defective and practically unproductive. It needs to be replaced by a more adequate notion which responds to the human practices of giving and receiving. The argument starts with identification of the main characteristics of the anonymous altruistic donation: social separation of the organ donor (or donor family) from the recipient, their mutual replaceability, non-obligatoriness of donation, and non-obligatoriness of reciprocation on the recipient’s part. Since these characteristics are also central to typical market relations, anonymous altruistic donation not only cannot promote solidarity but may encourage proposals for (regulated) markets of transplantable organs. Thus, transplant ethics needs to be reframed. It needs to be rooted in, rather than promote, the practices of giving and receiving known to human societies. As the basis for such reframing, the idea of sharing in another’s misfortune is proposed. It relies on the human practices of giving and receiving and, with appropriate regulatory safeguards, can provide a better conceptual basis for blocking commercial exchanges of human body parts.
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Newman, John Paul y Tamara Scheer. "The Ban Jelačić Trust for Disabled Soldiers and Their Families: Habsburg Dynastic Loyalty beyond National Boundaries, 1849–51". Austrian History Yearbook 49 (abril de 2018): 152–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237818000139.
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It is fitting that a story about charitable donations and their provenance should begin with a gesture of gift giving. In 1849 a group of Habsburg subjects came together with the intention of raising money to purchase a gift for Josip Jelačić, general of the Habsburg army and Ban (Governor) of Civil Croatia. Jelačić was identified as one of the notional “saviors” of the Habsburg Empire, whose actions in the field had helped quell the revolutionary and military perils of the previous months. The proposed gift was a suitable symbol of imperial honor and military prowess: a ceremonial sabre designed especially for the Ban. Jelačić was apparently moved by the gesture but had a more practical idea: better to use the money raised for his gift to help those less fortunate (and less celebrated) than himself, it should be put toward a fund to support soldiers who had served in his units and militias and who had been injured in fighting—and also to the families of those that had been killed. To this end, a committee was already operating, based in Vienna, but collecting funds through the Ban's Council (Bansko Vijeće) in Zagreb. This would become a mobilization of Habsburg society whose impetus rested on precisely the same values of dynastic loyalty and respect for the Habsburg military as the ceremonial sabre, except that many more people would have a chance to show their devotion and support to the “heroes” of 1848–49.
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Van der Grijp, Paul. "The gift of Tsochen Mam: private donations to national museums in Taiwan". Museum and Society 13, n.º 3 (1 de julio de 2015): 280–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/mas.v13i3.331.
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During the last century, the museumscape in Taiwan shifted from a Japanese- colonial via a sino-centric perspective to a Taiwanese one, the latter in combination with the rapid development of community-oriented local museums. By dealing with the rise and development of four of the most important public museums, this article defends the stance that private donations play a crucial role in the existence of public museums in Taiwan. The analysis focuses on the contemporary growth of the collections through donations. The theoretical perspective is informed by Krszysztof Pomian’s distinction of museum origins, Stuart Plattner’s analysis of private collectors’ motivations, and Susan Pearce’s idea about the transition of collectibles from the profane to the sacred realm.
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Fitria, Fitria y Ajar Pradika Ananta Tur. "From Abstract to Concrete: Associating the Users’ Tweets on “Success”". Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics 4, n.º 2 (15 de noviembre de 2019): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.21462/ijefl.v4i2.136.
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By having Twitter for their interaction, users are demanded to express their idea in short-clear-easy to understand tweets. This condition pushes them to formulate every single word to conceptualize their idea as what happens to #success. They must build a tangible explanation of the idea of ‘success’ that is frequently determined by their life experience. This research is aiming to investigate how the users from the entire world associate their thinking about ‘success’. This research used the descriptive qualitative method by having tweets as the main data gained from Twitter during 2018. The data were analysed by using domain analysis attached to Conceptual Metaphor in Cognitive Semantics approach. The discoveries of this investigation are success is book, success is building, success is degree, success is food, success is gift, success is iceberg, success is journey, success is product, success is profession, success is trade, and success is money.
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Clarke, Peter y Andrew McAuley. "Parental evaluation of popular brand names given as Christmas gifts and sources of information used in these decisions". Journal of Consumer Marketing 27, n.º 6 (14 de septiembre de 2010): 534–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/07363761011078271.
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PurposeParents' exposure to children's brands appears rather limited; while brands sell at Christmas, there are extraordinary purchases of low‐cost toys and stocking filler fun toys. Maybe, toy brand purchases satisfy the child's request, rather than parents' value or quality preferences. Generally, the theories of branding feature the positive functional, symbolic and emotional attributes. This paper aims to examines parental evaluation of popular brand names to be given as gifts at Christmas and the sources used to gather information about brands.Design/methodology/approachData were gathered via a survey of parents in the period prior to Christmas. The analysis consisted of a principal component analysis of the functional, symbolic and emotional evaluations. A frequency analysis and a gender‐based crosstabs series identified gender variations in the evaluations and use of information sources.FindingsThe study indicated that parents hold low evaluations of popular brands when buying Christmas gifts for their children. These low evaluations are across functional, symbolic and hedonic elements. Since mothers generally attend to the gift purchase decisions, there were significant gender differences on a few evaluations. The most popular source of information is asking children what they want and is closely followed by the use of store catalogues.Practical implicationsThe evaluation and purchase of toys and gifts predominate at Christmas. Having such a high level of product or brand choice in the children's market could create confusion or uncertainty for parents. A negative image of children's exposure to toy advertising and the resultant pester power may combine to cloud parents' evaluations of giving brands as gifts. In essence, Christmas is the major chance for brand owners to sell their toys and other products. The idea of “… ask mom to get one … ” may be appropriate in high turnover, supermarket products, but not effective in a one‐chance, Christmas gift situation.Originality/valueThis research spans the value sets of two generations. Simply, the promotion of toys is primarily directed toward children who develop desires, expectations and values that are different from those values and attitudes of parents. Research into parental Christmas giving ascertains the value of children's brands to parents.
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Mustaqim, Abdul. "Kedudukan dan Hak-Hak Anak Dalam Perspektif Al-Qur'an (Sebuah Kajian dengan Metode Tafsir Tematik)". Musãwa Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam 4, n.º 2 (30 de julio de 2006): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2006.42.145-169.
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The Qur'an is very appreciative toward children's issues. This can be seen from the number of Qur'anic verses addressing the affairs of children, especially their rights. In the real life, however, parents and governments have not paid adequate attention to the rights of children. This article aims to elaborate the rights of children as they are invoked in the Qur'an. By employing a mudlu'i method of interpreting the Qur'an, it can be concluded that the Qur'an has conceptualized children as folows: 1) they are God's gift whose presence should be gratified; 2) children are a trust (amanat) from God whose rights should be guaranteed; and 3) children are as a test (fitnah) for parents' patience. In order to implement the idea of children as precious gifts who generate happiness and proud (qurrata a'yun), the rights of children should be respected. Some of their basic rights are: 1) to live a good life; 2) to receive breast feeding for up to two years; 3) to adhere to religion; 4) to have education free of violence; 5) to express their opinions.
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Tokhtabayeva, Shaizada. "Image of a Blacksmith in the Traditional World View of Kazakhs in 19th – first Half of 20th Centuries". Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 10, n.º 2 (30 de diciembre de 2019): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.5479.
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The article analyzes the multi-faceted personality of the Kazakh blacksmith in ethnotraditional perception compared with the culture of other nations. Such parameters as birth and “magical” diversion of hereditary gift, professional etiquette and the social status of the blacksmith have been considered. The attention has been paid to such qualities of the blacksmith as spiritual self-control, lack of greed, strength and nobility of character. The mentioned is justified by the idea that the moral defects of a master can enter into conflict with his sacred activities which could lead his family to misfortune.
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Blazevski, Ivan. "THE ROLE OF CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION IN THE EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP". Knowledge International Journal 26, n.º 6 (18 de marzo de 2019): 1631–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij26061631b.
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In the past, creativity was considered a gift from God, which could only have "the chosen ones." It was associated with external forces, music, and obesity. The very word "creativity" derives from the Latin expression "creation exnihilo" which means creating something from nothing, and what is interpreted as God's action, which is contrary to "creatio ex materia" and completely different from the ability of man to create something, for which used the verb "facere". Even in romanticism there is the idea that the source of inspiration should be sought inside, in the man.Today creativity is democratized, ie. today everyone thinks they can be creative. Namely, creativity is much more than just thinking of "smart" ideas, inspiration, or ingrained inventiveness, which is why it can not be said that it is the gift of the chosen ones, but that it depends on the ability to combine seemingly incompatible processes and elements.If we consider the past, we will see that civilization development is the work of a small number of brave and creative individuals capable of taking risks, in order to achieve progress and promote the society.We live in a world that is changing with "the speed of light" and we are confronted with unpredictable challenges. In these dynamic working conditions, modern researchers pay particular attention to creativity, since it undoubtedly becomes a key activity in the turbulent environment of the organization and represents the first step in innovative processes. Because of the inevitable changes that occur, organizations need individuals who think creatively, communicate and work team-people who are flexible and have the ability to adapt quickly.Through certain techniques, leaders can foster creative thinking among employees and thus motivate them, to express their ideas and knowledge that will contribute in making quality decisions and solving organizational problems.
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Syahra, Anna y Mulati . "ASPEK HUKUM TANGGUNG JAWAB NEGARA TERHADAP PERLINDUNGAN ANAK TERLANTAR DITINJAU DARI PASAL 34 AYAT 1 UNDANG-UNDANG DASAR NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA TAHUN 1945". Jurnal Hukum Adigama 1, n.º 1 (18 de julio de 2018): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/adigama.v1i1.2138.
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Children is a gift from god that we need to keep, protect and take care of, as good as we can. It was the philosophy which created the idea of the Nation has responsibilities to take care of the waifs. Constitution of Indonesia has been adopted the idea then mandating our nation to take care the destitude and the waifs. The idea itself has been created in the form of regulation in Indonesia, therefore, Indonesia that represented by the government liable to protect and take care of the waifs. In the other hand, the waifs in Indonesia still shown the big number of quantity, it means, there is a problem in the system of handling the waifs that used by the government to fulfill the rights of the waifs. As a regulation mandates the government to fulfill the rights of the waifs and also protect and take care of the waifs, the government faced the obstacle. The obstacle has raised from many factor, such as regulation, the integration between institution related to the waifs, the funds, and the involvement of the public are not used by the government. The obstacle itself cause the government can not perform the obligation to fulfill and protect the rights of the waifs effectively and perfectly.
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Drummond Young, Elizabeth. "Is supererogation more than just costly sacrifice?" Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 77 (16 de septiembre de 2015): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1358246115000296.
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I begin by examining the answer to a traditional puzzle concerning supererogatory acts: if they are good to do, why are they not required? The answer often given is that they are optional acts because they cost the agent too much. This view has parallels with the traditional view of religious sacrifice, which involves offering up something or someone valuable as a gift or victim and experiencing a ‘cost’ as part of the ritual. There are problems with the idea that costs justify the optional nature of supererogatory acts, however, and I suggest that these problems mirror the tensions that are found in Christian theology when a traditional view of sacrifice is adopted.
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LACEWING, MICHAEL. "Can non-theists appropriately feel existential gratitude?" Religious Studies 52, n.º 2 (18 de marzo de 2015): 145–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034412515000037.
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AbstractDoes it make sense for non-theists to feel gratitude for their existence? The question arises because gratitude is typically thought to be directed towards a person to whom one is grateful. Hence the theist may be grateful to God for their existence, experienced as a gift. But can the non-believer feel something similar without being irrational? Can there be gratitude for existence but not to anyone? After analysing gratitude and how we can best understand the idea of non-directed gratitude, I discuss the conditions that need to apply for non-directed gratitude to be appropriate. I end by discussing whether theism provides a psychologically richer and more satisfying framework for understanding existential gratitude.
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Shaul, Dylan. "Faith in/as the Unconditional: Kant, Husserl, and Derrida on Practical Reason". Derrida Today 12, n.º 2 (noviembre de 2019): 171–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/drt.2019.0208.
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This article tracks Derrida's readings of Kant and Husserl as they explore the relation between, on the one hand, faith and knowledge, and on the other, theory and practice (theoretical and practical reason). Kant had to limit the scope of theoretical knowledge in order to make room for a practical faith in the rational ideas of the unconditioned (God, freedom, and immortality), generated through the unconditionality of the moral law. Husserl deployed the figure of ‘the Idea in the Kantian sense’ at those crucial moments in the exposition of his transcendental phenomenology where the unconditioned comes into play, a problematic strategy that Derrida judges to have revealed the limits of the phenomenological project. While Husserl's call for an unconditional theoretical and practical renewal of faith in reason appears to offer him an out, Husserlian faith is ultimately dependent on an untenable circularity, to which the Kantian variety also succumbs. Only Derrida's unconditional gift of faith can save the honour of reason from its mortal crisis, but in a manner that is itself not wholly a matter of reason.
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Tkhorzhevska, Tetiana y Yulia Bohuslavska. "What Money Could (not): Some Directions of Ethnoeconomical Researches in the Foreign Cultural Anthropology". Ethnic History of European Nations, n.º 61 (2020): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2518-1270.2020.61.09.
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Money in the imagination of modern person, despite rational thinking, could be the not solely conditional equivalent of inserted effort, but also a «wonderful gift» of the greatest forces. The article shows a historiographic review of significant works of the foreign cultural anthropologists and ethnologists linked to an impression about the supernatural power of money. Attention is focused on the problem of correlation of money and work, the possibility of inclusion of magical practices for increasing the quantity of money and it’s «morality». An idea about the supernatural power of money has been existed and exists in different cultures, not only pre-industrial but post-industrial as well. One of the first researchers in the «supernatural» power of money field was М. Мauss in the gist economic context. М. Taussig analyzes impressions about «otherworldly» abilities of money through the prism of the interaction of market capitalism with traditional culture. In modern researches, a similar way of thinking could be found in the works of J. Carsten, J. Hickel. Also heavily used opposing of the market and «moral» economics. Market economic values profit as a positive fact. «Moral economic» rates it as an egoistical claim of the work, money and life force, as sorcery and swaying the social benefit in their favour. Important to emphasize that magical practices of «pulling» money prevail in the post-Soviet societies which require further investigation. Most of the anthropologists comprehended that phenomenon as a continuation of traditional magical practices in the bounds of a specific culture, although the further context is suggested as well, where the money is compared to religion. Studying modern impressions and ritual practices which are used by our contemporaries until now leaves a large field for anthropologists for observing the social transformations and analyzing cultural features through the money idea.
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Lee, Chin Ching. "Metafictional Dialogism in O. Henry’s Short Stories". English Language and Literature Studies 6, n.º 1 (26 de febrero de 2016): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v6n1p28.
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<p>According to Mikhail Bakhtin, language is ideologically saturated. The verbal constructs—novelistic discourses as “hybrid constructions” here—are loci where centripetal and centrifugal forces collide. Authorial speech, narrator’s speech, and also characters’ speech are interwoven in the text to exhibit diverse ideas, and to disclose polyphonic textualities. In light of Bakhtin’s aforementioned idea, this paper will discuss O. Henry’s attempts to orchestrate “the voices of the city” in four short stories: “The Gift of the Magi,” “An Unfinished Story,”, “Mammon and the Archer,” and “An Unfinished Christmas Story.” New York is portrayed as an ambivalent setting of prosperity and poverty, of dreams built up and broken. Literary devices such as twist endings, parodic adaptations and incorporated genre not only lay bare the textual fictitiousness, but question the permanency of social systems such as capitalism. In addition, the narrators’ descriptions evoke concerns for the exploited within the text, while the self-reflexive authorial intrusions make comments on the hegemonic capitalism with-out. O. Henry, who “speaks through language,” does succeed in creating texts of heteroglossia. Humanistic compassion for the exploited proletarian and social censure against capitalist violence are both displayed.</p>
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Wakefield, Andre. "The Return of the Gift: European History of a Global Idea. By Harry Liebersohn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Pp. xii+210. $80.00." Journal of Modern History 84, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2012): 941–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/667627.
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Ben-Amos, Ilana Krausman. "Harry Liebersohn . The Return of the Gift: European History of a Global Idea . New York: Cambridge University Press. 2011. Pp. xi, 210. $80.00." American Historical Review 117, n.º 2 (abril de 2012): 596–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.117.2.596.
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