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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Glycerol signaling"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 25 de enero de 2025

Última modificación: 31 de julio de 2025

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1

Hohmann, Stefan. "Osmotic Stress Signaling and Osmoadaptation in Yeasts." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 66, no. 2 (2002): 300–372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.66.2.300-372.2002.

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SUMMARY The ability to adapt to altered availability of free water is a fundamental property of living cells. The principles underlying osmoadaptation are well conserved. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an excellent model system with which to study the molecular biology and physiology of osmoadaptation. Upon a shift to high osmolarity, yeast cells rapidly stimulate a mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade, the high-osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway, which orchestrates part of the transcriptional response. The dynamic operation of the HOG pathway has been well studied, and similar

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2

Ismail, Alaa, Ahmed Salah, Adel Guirgis, Shaden Muawia, and Hany Khalil. "Glycerol-mediated lysosomal associated proteins as a novel anticancer theory in colon cancer cell line." Journal of Internal Medicine: Science & Art 4 (May 25, 2023): 2–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36013/jimsa.v4i.110.

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Background: Colon cancer begins in the large intestine (colon) and is aggressive due to late diagnosis, so there is a poor prognosis and higher mortality rates, as reported. Colon cancer has become a vital research area requiring more investigation of cellular signaling in its initiation and development. Aim: The study aimed to investigate the biological effects of Glycerol in cell proliferation and the possible regulation of cellular signaling by exogenous treatment of Glycerol in colon cancer cells compared with colon mucosal epithelial cells.  Materials and Methods: The influence of G

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Allmann, Stefan, Marion Wargnies, Nicolas Plazolles, et al. "Glycerol suppresses glucose consumption in trypanosomes through metabolic contest." PLOS Biology 19, no. 8 (2021): e3001359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001359.

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Microorganisms must make the right choice for nutrient consumption to adapt to their changing environment. As a consequence, bacteria and yeasts have developed regulatory mechanisms involving nutrient sensing and signaling, known as “catabolite repression,” allowing redirection of cell metabolism to maximize the consumption of an energy-efficient carbon source. Here, we report a new mechanism named “metabolic contest” for regulating the use of carbon sources without nutrient sensing and signaling. Trypanosoma brucei is a unicellular eukaryote transmitted by tsetse flies and causing human Afric

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4

Krantz, Marcus, Bodil Nordlander, Hadi Valadi, Mikael Johansson, Lena Gustafsson, and Stefan Hohmann. "Anaerobicity Prepares Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cells for Faster Adaptation to Osmotic Shock." Eukaryotic Cell 3, no. 6 (2004): 1381–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.3.6.1381-1390.2004.

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ABSTRACT Yeast cells adapt to hyperosmotic shock by accumulating glycerol and altering expression of hundreds of genes. This transcriptional response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to osmotic shock encompasses genes whose products are implicated in protection from oxidative damage. We addressed the question of whether osmotic shock caused oxidative stress. Osmotic shock did not result in the generation of detectable levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To preclude any generation of ROS, osmotic shock treatments were performed in anaerobic cultures. Global gene expression response profiles wer

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5

Zhang, Zhao, Diana M. Iglesias, Rachel Corsini, LeeLee Chu та Paul Goodyer. "WNT/β-Catenin Signaling Is Required for Integration of CD24+Renal Progenitor Cells into Glycerol-Damaged Adult Renal Tubules". Stem Cells International 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/391043.

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During development, nephron progenitor cells (NPC) are induced to differentiate by WNT9b signals from the ureteric bud. Although nephrogenesis ends in the perinatal period, acute kidney injury (AKI) elicits repopulation of damaged nephrons. Interestingly, embryonic NPC infused into adult mice with AKI are incorporated into regenerating tubules. Since WNT/β-catenin signaling is crucial for primary nephrogenesis, we reasoned that it might also be needed for the endogenous repair mechanism and for integration of exogenous NPC. When we examined glycerol-induced AKI in adult mice bearing aβ-catenin

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6

Nath, Karl A., John D. Belcher, Meryl C. Nath, et al. "Role of TLR4 signaling in the nephrotoxicity of heme and heme proteins." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 314, no. 5 (2018): F906—F914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00432.2017.

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Destabilized heme proteins release heme, and free heme is toxic. Heme is now recognized as an agonist for the Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) receptor. This study examined whether the TLR4 receptor mediates the nephrotoxicity of heme, specifically, the effects of heme on renal blood flow and inflammatory responses. We blocked TLR4 signaling by the specific antagonist TAK-242. Intravenous administration of heme to mice promptly reduced renal blood flow, an effect attenuated by TAK-242. In vitro, TAK-242 reduced heme-elicited activation of NF-κB and its downstream gene monocyte chemoattractant prote

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7

Mugabo, Yves, Shangang Zhao, Julien Lamontagne та ін. "Metabolic fate of glucose and candidate signaling and excess-fuel detoxification pathways in pancreatic β-cells". Journal of Biological Chemistry 292, № 18 (2017): 7407–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m116.763060.

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Glucose metabolism promotes insulin secretion in β-cells via metabolic coupling factors that are incompletely defined. Moreover, chronically elevated glucose causes β-cell dysfunction, but little is known about how cells handle excess fuels to avoid toxicity. Here we sought to determine which among the candidate pathways and coupling factors best correlates with glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), define the fate of glucose in the β-cell, and identify pathways possibly involved in excess-fuel detoxification. We exposed isolated rat islets for 1 h to increasing glucose concentrations a

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8

Zeng, Changjun, Keyi Tang, Lian He, et al. "Effects of glycerol on apoptotic signaling pathways during boar spermatozoa cryopreservation." Cryobiology 68, no. 3 (2014): 395–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2014.03.008.

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9

Bełtowski, Jerzy, and Krzysztof Wiórkowski. "Role of Hydrogen Sulfide and Polysulfides in the Regulation of Lipolysis in the Adipose Tissue: Possible Implications for the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Syndrome." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 3 (2022): 1346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031346.

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Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and inorganic polysulfides are important signaling molecules; however, little is known about their role in the adipose tissue. We examined the effect of H2S and polysulfides on adipose tissue lipolysis. H2S and polysulfide production by mesenteric adipose tissue explants in rats was measured. The effect of Na2S and Na2S4, the H2S and polysulfide donors, respectively, on lipolysis markers, plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and glycerol, was examined. Na2S but not Na2S4 increased plasma NEFA and glycerol in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Na2S increased cyclic AM

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10

Zager, Richard A., and Ali C. M. Johnson. "Acute kidney injury induces dramatic p21 upregulation via a novel, glucocorticoid-activated, pathway." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 316, no. 4 (2019): F674—F681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00571.2018.

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The cyclin kinase inhibitor p21 is acutely upregulated during acute kidney injury (AKI) and exerts cytoprotective effects. A proposed mechanism is oxidant stress-induced activation of p53, the dominant p21 transcription factor. Glycerol-induced rhabdomyolysis induces profound renal oxidant stress. Hence, we studied this AKI model to determine whether p53 activation corresponds with p21 gene induction and/or whether alternative mechanism(s) might be involved. CD-1 mice were subjected to glycerol-induced AKI. After 4 or 18 h, plasma, urinary, and renal cortical p21 protein and mRNA levels were a

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11

Miermont, Agnès, Jannis Uhlendorf, Megan McClean, and Pascal Hersen. "The Dynamical Systems Properties of the HOG Signaling Cascade." Journal of Signal Transduction 2011 (February 7, 2011): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/930940.

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The High Osmolarity Glycerol (HOG) MAP kinase pathway in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the best characterized model signaling pathways. The pathway processes external signals of increased osmolarity into appropriate physiological responses within the yeast cell. Recent advances in microfluidic technology coupled with quantitative modeling, and techniques from reverse systems engineering have allowed yet further insight into this already well-understood pathway. These new techniques are essential for understanding the dynamical processes at play when cells process externa

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12

Mugabo, Yves, Shangang Zhao, Annegrit Seifried та ін. "Identification of a mammalian glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatase: Role in metabolism and signaling in pancreatic β-cells and hepatocytes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, № 4 (2016): E430—E439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1514375113.

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Obesity, and the associated disturbed glycerolipid/fatty acid (GL/FA) cycle, contribute to insulin resistance, islet β-cell failure, and type 2 diabetes. Flux through the GL/FA cycle is regulated by the availability of glycerol-3-phosphate (Gro3P) and fatty acyl-CoA. We describe here a mammalian Gro3P phosphatase (G3PP), which was not known to exist in mammalian cells, that can directly hydrolyze Gro3P to glycerol. We identified that mammalian phosphoglycolate phosphatase, with an uncertain function, acts in fact as a G3PP. We found that G3PP, by controlling Gro3P levels, regulates glycolysis

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13

Krycer, James R., Lake-Ee Quek, Deanne Francis, et al. "Insulin signaling requires glucose to promote lipid anabolism in adipocytes." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 38 (2020): 13250–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra120.014907.

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Adipose tissue is essential for metabolic homeostasis, balancing lipid storage and mobilization based on nutritional status. This is coordinated by insulin, which triggers kinase signaling cascades to modulate numerous metabolic proteins, leading to increased glucose uptake and anabolic processes like lipogenesis. Given recent evidence that glucose is dispensable for adipocyte respiration, we sought to test whether glucose is necessary for insulin-stimulated anabolism. Examining lipogenesis in cultured adipocytes, glucose was essential for insulin to stimulate the synthesis of fatty acids and

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14

Zhang, Michael S., Aline Sandouk, and Jon C. D. Houtman. "Glycerol Monolaurate (GML) inhibits human T cell signaling, metabolism, and function by disrupting lipid dynamics." Journal of Immunology 196, no. 1_Supplement (2016): 57.4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.57.4.

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Abstract Glycerol Monolaurate (GML) is a naturally occurring fatty acid widely utilized in food, cosmetics, and homeopathic supplements. GML is a potent antimicrobial agent that targets a range of bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses. Interestingly, GML suppresses mitogen induced lymphocyte proliferation and inositol triphosphate production, suggesting that GML has immunomodulatory functions. In this study, we have mechanistically examined if GML affects the signaling, metabolism, and functional output of human primary T cells. We found that GML potently altered lipid order and disorder dyna

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15

Santos, Ronaldo Silva, Gabriel Martins-Silva, Adrián Adolfo Álvarez Padilla, et al. "Transcriptional and Post-Translational Roles of Calcineurin in Cationic Stress and Glycerol Biosynthesis in Cryptococcus neoformans." Journal of Fungi 10, no. 8 (2024): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof10080531.

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Stress management is an adaptive advantage for survival in adverse environments. Pathogens face this challenge during host colonization, requiring an appropriate stress response to establish infection. The fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans undergoes thermal, oxidative, and osmotic stresses in the environment and animal host. Signaling systems controlled by Ras1, Hog1, and calcineurin respond to high temperatures and osmotic stress. Cationic stress caused by Na+, K+, and Li+ can be overcome with glycerol, the preferred osmolyte. Deleting the glycerol phosphate phosphatase gene (GPP2) prev

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16

Song, Tengyao, Qiongyu Hao, Yun-Min Zheng, Qing-Hua Liu, and Yong-Xiao Wang. "Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate activates TRPC3 channels to cause extracellular Ca2+ influx in airway smooth muscle cells." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 309, no. 12 (2015): L1455—L1466. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00148.2015.

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Transient receptor potential-3 (TRPC3) channels play a predominant role in forming nonselective cation channels (NSCCs) in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) and are significantly increased in their activity and expression in asthmatic ASMCs. To extend these novel findings, we have explored the regulatory mechanisms that control the activity of TRPC3 channels. Our data for the first time reveal that inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), an important endogenous signaling molecule, can significantly enhance the activity of single NSCCs in ASMCs. The analog of diacylglycerol (DAG; another endogenou

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17

Keil, Linda, Norbert Mehlmer, Daniel Garbe, and Thomas Brück. "Biosynthese von Glycerin in Dunaliella tertiolecta unter Salzstress." BIOspektrum 31, no. 1 (2025): 110–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12268-025-2374-3.

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Abstract The microalgae Dunaliella tertiolecta phototrophically generates glycerol as an osmolyte in response to salt stress. This biogenic carbon sink is also a platform intermediate for the chemical sector. A synergistic genome and time resolved proteome analysis deciphered the metabolic pathways activated under salt stress. Immediately (30 min) Ca2+ signaling pathways and ions channels are activated, while in the longer term (24 h) cellular energy production and homeostasis pathways are upregulated.

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18

Pan, Sheng-Jun, Mingyan Zhu, Mohan K. Raizada, Colin Sumners та Craig H. Gelband. "ANG II-mediated inhibition of neuronal delayed rectifier K+ current: role of protein kinase C-α". American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 281, № 1 (2001): C17—C23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.2001.281.1.c17.

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It was previously determined that ANG II and phorbol esters inhibit Kv current in neurons cultured from newborn rat hypothalamus and brain stem in a protein kinase C (PKC)- and Ca2+-dependent manner. Here, we have further defined this signaling pathway by investigating the roles of “physiological” activators of PKC and different PKC isozymes. The cell-permeable PKC activators, diacylglycerol (DAG) analogs 1,2-dioctanoyl- sn-glycerol (1 μmol/l, n = 7) and 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl- sn-glycerol (1 μmol/l, n = 6), mimicked the effect of ANG II and inhibited Kv current. These effects were abolished by the

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19

Li, Liande, and Katherine A. Borkovich. "GPR-4 Is a Predicted G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Required for Carbon Source-Dependent Asexual Growth and Development in Neurospora crassa." Eukaryotic Cell 5, no. 8 (2006): 1287–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00109-06.

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ABSTRACT The filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa is able to utilize a wide variety of carbon sources. Here, we examine the involvement of a predicted G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), GPR-4, during growth and development in the presence of different carbon sources in N. crassa. Δgpr-4 mutants have reduced mass accumulation compared to the wild type when cultured on high levels of glycerol, mannitol, or arabinose. The defect is most severe on glycerol and is cell density dependent. The genetic and physical relationship between GPR-4 and the three N. crassa Gα subunits (GNA-1, GNA-2, and GNA-3

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20

Kowalczyk-Bołtuć, Jolanta, Krzysztof Wiórkowski, and Jerzy Bełtowski. "Effect of Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide and Polysulfide Donors on Insulin Sensitivity of the Adipose Tissue." Biomolecules 12, no. 5 (2022): 646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12050646.

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Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and inorganic polysulfides are important signaling molecules; however, little is known about their role in adipose tissue. We examined the effect of H2S and polysulfides on insulin sensitivity of the adipose tissue in rats. Plasma glucose, insulin, non-esterified fatty acids, and glycerol were measured after administration of H2S and the polysulfide donors, Na2S and Na2S4, respectively. In addition, the effect of Na2S and Na2S4 on insulin-induced glucose uptake and inhibition of lipolysis was studied in adipose tissue explants ex vivo. Na2S and Na2S4 administered in vivo

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21

Fricke, Katrin, Aleksandra Heitland, and Erik Maronde. "Cooperative Activation of Lipolysis by Protein Kinase A and Protein Kinase C Pathways in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes." Endocrinology 145, no. 11 (2004): 4940–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2004-0803.

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Abstract In the present study, we investigate the coherence of signaling pathways leading to lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We observe two linear signaling pathways: one well known, acting via cAMP and protein kinase A (PKA) activation, and a second one induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate treatment involving protein kinase C (PKC) and MAPK. We demonstrate that both the PKA regulatory subunits RIα and RIIβ are expressed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and are responsible for the lipolytic effect mediated via the cAMP/PKA pathway. Inhibition of the PKA pathway by the selective PKA inhibitor Rp-8-CP

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22

Hoy, Andrew J., Amanda E. Brandon, Nigel Turner, et al. "Lipid and insulin infusion-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance is likely due to metabolic feedback and not changes in IRS-1, Akt, or AS160 phosphorylation." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 297, no. 1 (2009): E67—E75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.90945.2008.

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Type 2 diabetes is characterized by hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate whether acute hyperlipidemia-induced insulin resistance in the presence of hyperinsulinemia was due to defective insulin signaling. Hyperinsulinemia (∼300 mU/l) with hyperlipidemia or glycerol (control) was produced in cannulated male Wistar rats for 0.5, 1 h, 3 h, or 5 h. The glucose infusion rate required to maintain euglycemia was significantly reduced by 3 h with lipid infusion and was further reduced after 5 h of infusion, with no difference in plasma insu

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23

Shimizu, Maria Heloisa Massola, Rildo Aparecido Volpini, Ana Carolina de Bragança, et al. "Administration of a single dose of lithium ameliorates rhabdomyolysis-associated acute kidney injury in rats." PLOS ONE 18, no. 2 (2023): e0281679. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281679.

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Rhabdomyolysis is characterized by muscle damage and leads to acute kidney injury (AKI). Clinical and experimental studies suggest that glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) inhibition protects against AKI basically through its critical role in tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, inflammation and fibrosis. Treatment with a single dose of lithium, an inhibitor of GSK3β, accelerated recovery of renal function in cisplatin and ischemic/reperfusion-induced AKI models. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a single dose of lithium in the treatment of rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI. Male Wistar rats were al

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24

Venugopal, Srivathsa C., Bidisha Chanda, Lisa Vaillancourt, Aardra Kachroo, and Pradeep Kachroo. "The common metabolite glycerol-3-phosphate is a novel regulator of plant defense signaling." Plant Signaling & Behavior 4, no. 8 (2009): 746–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/psb.4.8.9111.

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25

Uchigashima, Motokazu, Madoka Narushima, Masahiro Fukaya, Istven Katona, Masanobu Kano, and Masahiko Watanabe. "Subcellular arrangement of molecules for 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol-mediated retrograde signaling in the striatum." Neuroscience Research 58 (January 2007): S75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2007.06.440.

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26

Son, Dajeong, and Myoungsook Lee. "DNAJC6 Gene Depressed Adipogenesis and Insulin Signaling in 3T3-L1 Cells." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (2022): 1086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac070.045.

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Abstract Objectives Resting metabolic rate (RMR) accounts for 60–70% of total daily energy expenditure, and it is essential for establishing energy balance to prevent obesity. In a previous Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) for childhood obesity, we found the DNAJC6 gene as one of the genes that affected obesity prevalence to control energy expenditure with RMR. Since the mechanisms of the DNAJC6 gene on obesity are not clear, we performed adipogenesis, inflammatory adipokines, insulin resistance, and mitochondrial function to confirm dysfunction of energy balance using DNAJC6-overexpressed

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27

Rai, Madhulika, Hongde Li, Robert A. Policastro, et al. "Glycolytic disruption restricts Drosophila melanogaster larval growth via the cytokine Upd3." PLOS Genetics 21, no. 5 (2025): e1011690. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011690.

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Drosophila larval growth requires efficient conversion of dietary nutrients into biomass. Lactate dehydrogenase (Ldh) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Gpdh1) support this larval metabolic program by cooperatively promoting glycolytic flux. Consistent with their cooperative functions, the loss of both enzymes, but not either single enzyme alone, induces a developmental arrest. However, Ldh and Gpdh1 exhibit complex and often mutually exclusive expression patterns, suggesting that the lethal phenotypes exhibited by Gpdh1; Ldh double mutants could be mediated non-autonomously. Supporting t

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Guaragnella, Nicoletta, Gennaro Agrimi, Pasquale Scarcia, et al. "RTG Signaling Sustains Mitochondrial Respiratory Capacity in HOG1-Dependent Osmoadaptation." Microorganisms 9, no. 9 (2021): 1894. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091894.

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Mitochondrial RTG-dependent retrograde signaling, whose regulators have been characterized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, plays a recognized role under various environmental stresses. Of special significance, the activity of the transcriptional complex Rtg1/3 has been shown to be modulated by Hog1, the master regulator of the high osmolarity glycerol pathway, in response to osmotic stress. The present work focuses on the role of RTG signaling in salt-induced osmotic stress and its interaction with HOG1. Wild-type and mutant cells, lacking HOG1 and/or RTG genes, are compared with respect to cell

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29

Xu, Weitong, Fengyue Zhu, Dengqiang Wang, et al. "Comparative Analysis of Metabolites between Different Altitude Schizothorax nukiangensis (Cyprinidae, Schizothoracine) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in Nujiang River." Water 15, no. 2 (2023): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15020284.

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In order to investigate the influence of the high-altitude aquatic environment on indigenous fish metabolites, metabolomics studies were applied in this study. Widespread throughout the main stem of the Nujiang River of Schizothorax nukiangensis, we established sampling sites at high (3890 m) and low (2100 m) altitudes and selected six S. nukiangensis at each location, each weighing approximately 150 g and looking healthy. Then, metabolomics analysis was performed to compare the various metabolites of the two groups. Low concentrations of amino acids, dipeptides, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosah

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Tewson, Paul H., Scott Martinka, Nathan C. Shaner, Thomas E. Hughes, and Anne Marie Quinn. "New DAG and cAMP Sensors Optimized for Live-Cell Assays in Automated Laboratories." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 21, no. 3 (2015): 298–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057115618608.

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Protein-based, fluorescent biosensors power basic research on cell signaling in health and disease, but their use in automated laboratories is limited. We have now created two live-cell assays, one for diacyl glycerol and another for cAMP, that are robust (Z′ > 0.7) and easily deployed on standard fluorescence plate readers. We describe the development of these assays, focusing on the parameters that were critical for optimization, in the hopes that the lessons learned can be generalized to the development of new biosensor-based assays.

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Shock, Teresa R., James Thompson, John R. Yates, and Hiten D. Madhani. "Hog1 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Interrupts Signal Transduction between the Kss1 MAPK and the Tec1 Transcription Factor To Maintain Pathway Specificity." Eukaryotic Cell 8, no. 4 (2009): 606–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00005-09.

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ABSTRACT In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the mating, filamentous growth (FG), and high-osmolarity glycerol (HOG) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways share components and yet mediate distinct responses to different extracellular signals. Cross talk is suppressed between the mating and FG pathways because mating signaling induces the destruction of the FG transcription factor Tec1. We show here that HOG pathway activation results in phosphorylation of the FG MAPK, Kss1, and the MAPKK, Ste7. However, FG transcription is not activated because HOG signaling prevents the activati

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32

Tsukahara, Tamotsu. "PPARγNetworks in Cell Signaling: Update and Impact of Cyclic Phosphatidic Acid". Journal of Lipids 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/246597.

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Lysophospholipid (LPL) has long been recognized as a membrane phospholipid metabolite. Recently, however, the LPL has emerged as a candidate for diagnostic and pharmacological interest. LPLs include lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), alkyl glycerol phosphate (AGP), cyclic phosphatidic acid (cPA), and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). These biologically active lipid mediators serve to promote a variety of responses that include cell proliferation, migration, and survival. These LPL-related responses are mediated by cell surface G-protein-coupled receptors and also intracellular receptor peroxisome proli

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Bersching, Katharina, and Stefan Jacob. "The Molecular Mechanism of Fludioxonil Action Is Different to Osmotic Stress Sensing." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 5 (2021): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7050393.

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The group III two-component hybrid histidine kinase MoHik1p in the filamentous fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is known to be a sensor for external osmotic stress and essential for the fungicidal activity of the phenylpyrrole fludioxonil. The mode of action of fludioxonil has not yet been completely clarified but rather assumed to hyperactivate the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) signaling pathway. To date, not much is known about the detailed molecular mechanism of how osmotic stress is detected or fungicidal activity is initiated within the HOG pathway. The molecular mechanism of signaling was stud

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Salari, Hassan, Mervin Low, Sandra Howard, Glenn Edin, and Robert Bittman. "l-O-Hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine inhibits diacylglycerol kinase in WEHI-3B cells." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 71, no. 1-2 (1993): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o93-006.

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The effects of 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (ET-16-OCH3-GPC) and its metabolite 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycerol (AMG) on the activity of diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) in WEHI-3B cells were investigated. Treatment of WEHI-3B cells with 200 nM 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) for 5 min leads to the activation of cytosolic DGK without significant effect on microsomal DGK. When these cells were first exposed to 50 μM ET-16-OCH3-GPC for 30 min prior to activation with TPA, the activity of DGK was inhibited by about 70%, as measured by the ability of enzyme to fo

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Zhang, Michael S., Aline Sandouk, and Jon C. D. Houtman. "Glycerol Monolaurate (GML) Inhibits Human T Cell Signaling, Metabolism, and Function By Disrupting Lipid Dynamics." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 139, no. 2 (2017): AB269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.12.866.

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Roeder, Amy D., Greg J. Hermann, Brian R. Keegan, Stephanie A. Thatcher, and Janet M. Shaw. "Mitochondrial Inheritance Is Delayed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cells Lacking the Serine/Threonine PhosphatasePTC1." Molecular Biology of the Cell 9, no. 4 (1998): 917–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.9.4.917.

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In wild-type yeast mitochondrial inheritance occurs early in the cell cycle concomitant with bud emergence. Cells lacking thePTC1 gene initially produce buds without a mitochondrial compartment; however, these buds later receive part of the mitochondrial network from the mother cell. Thus, the loss ofPTC1 causes a delay, but not a complete block, in mitochondrial transport. PTC1 encodes a serine/threonine phosphatase in the high-osmolarity glycerol response (HOG) pathway. The mitochondrial inheritance delay in theptc1 mutant is not attributable to changes in intracellular glycerol concentratio

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37

Balsinde, Jesús, and María A. Balboa. "Plasmalogens in Innate Immune Cells: From Arachidonate Signaling to Ferroptosis." Biomolecules 14, no. 11 (2024): 1461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom14111461.

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Polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic acid are indispensable components of innate immune signaling. Plasmalogens are glycerophospholipids with a vinyl ether bond in the sn-1 position of the glycerol backbone instead of the more common sn-1 ester bond present in “classical” glycerophospholipids. This kind of phospholipid is particularly rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially arachidonic acid. In addition to or independently of the role of plasmalogens as major providers of free arachidonic acid for eicosanoid synthesis, plasmalogens also perform a varied number of functions.

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Muratsu, Jun, Fumihiro Sanada, Nobutaka Koibuchi, et al. "Blocking Periostin Prevented Development of Inflammation in Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Mice Model." Cells 11, no. 21 (2022): 3388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11213388.

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Background: Rhabdomyolysis is the collapse of damaged skeletal muscle and the leakage of muscle-cell contents, such as electrolytes, myoglobin, and other sarcoplasmic proteins, into the circulation. The glomeruli filtered these products, leading to acute kidney injury (AKI) through several mechanisms, such as intratubular obstruction secondary to protein precipitation. The prognosis is highly mutable and depends on the underlying complications and etiologies. New therapeutic plans to reduce AKI are now needed. Up to now, several cellular pathways, with the nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-kB), as

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39

Muller, Tania, Laurent Demizieux, Stéphanie Troy-Fioramonti, et al. "Overactivation of the endocannabinoid system alters the antilipolytic action of insulin in mouse adipose tissue." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 313, no. 1 (2017): E26—E36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00374.2016.

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Evidence has accumulated that obesity-related metabolic dysregulation is associated with overactivation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which involves cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R), in peripheral tissues, including adipose tissue (AT). The functional consequences of CB1R activation on AT metabolism remain unclear. Since excess fat mobilization is considered an important primary event contributing to the onset of insulin resistance, we combined in vivo and in vitro experiments to investigate whether activation of ECS could alter the lipolytic rate. For this purpose, the appearance of plasm

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40

Bailey, Lakiea J., Vivek Choudhary та Wendy B. Bollag. "Possible Role of Phosphatidylglycerol-Activated Protein Kinase C-βII in Keratinocyte Differentiation". Open Dermatology Journal 11, № 1 (2017): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874372201711010059.

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Background: The epidermis is a continuously regenerating tissue maintained by a balance between proliferation and differentiation, with imbalances resulting in skin disease. We have previously found that in mouse keratinocytes, the lipid-metabolizing enzyme phospholipase D2 (PLD2) is associated with the aquaglyceroporin, aquaporin 3 (AQP3), an efficient transporter of glycerol. Our results also show that the functional interaction of AQP3 and PLD2 results in increased levels of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) in response to an elevated extracellular calcium level, which triggers keratinocyte differe

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41

Lee, Mi Rim, Ji Eun Kim, Jun Young Choi, et al. "Morusin Functions as a Lipogenesis Inhibitor as Well as a Lipolysis Stimulator in Differentiated 3T3-L1 and Primary Adipocytes." Molecules 23, no. 8 (2018): 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23082004.

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Conflicting results for morusin activity during adipogenic differentiation are reported in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and cancer cells. To elucidate the influence of morusin on fat metabolism, their anti-obesity effects and molecular mechanism were investigated in 3T3-L1 cells and primary adipocytes. Morusin at a dose of less than 20 µM does not induce any significant change in the viability of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The accumulation of intracellular lipid droplets in 3T3-L1 adipocytes stimulated with 0.5 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, 1 µM dexamethasone, 10 µg/mL insulin in DMEM containing 10% FBS (MDI)-

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42

Ross, Sarah E., Robin L. Erickson, Isabelle Gerin та ін. "Microarray Analyses during Adipogenesis: Understanding the Effects of Wnt Signaling on Adipogenesis and the Roles of Liver X Receptor α in Adipocyte Metabolism". Molecular and Cellular Biology 22, № 16 (2002): 5989–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.22.16.5989-5999.2002.

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ABSTRACT Wnt signaling maintains preadipocytes in an undifferentiated state. When Wnt signaling is enforced, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes no longer undergo adipocyte conversion in response to adipogenic medium. Here we used microarray analyses to identify subsets of genes whose expression is aberrant when differentiation is blocked through enforced Wnt signaling. Furthermore, we used the microarray data to identify potentially important adipocyte genes and chose one of these, the liver X receptor α (LXRα), for further analyses. Our studies indicate that enforced Wnt signaling blunts the changes in gen

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Adhikari, Hema, and Paul J. Cullen. "Role of Phosphatidylinositol Phosphate Signaling in the Regulation of the Filamentous-Growth Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway." Eukaryotic Cell 14, no. 4 (2015): 427–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00013-15.

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ABSTRACTReversible phosphorylation of the phospholipid phosphatidylinositol (PI) is a key event in the determination of organelle identity and an underlying regulatory feature in many biological processes. Here, we investigated the role of PI signaling in the regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway that controls filamentous growth in yeast. Lipid kinases that generate phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate [PI(4)P] at the Golgi (Pik1p) or PI(4,5)P2 at the plasma membrane (PM) (Mss4p and Stt4p) were required for filamentous-growth MAPK pathway signaling. Introduction of a co

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Reiser, Vladimír, Katharine E. D’Aquino, Ly-Sha Ee, and Angelika Amon. "The Stress-activated Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Signaling Cascade Promotes Exit from Mitosis." Molecular Biology of the Cell 17, no. 7 (2006): 3136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e05-12-1102.

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In budding yeast, a signaling network known as the mitotic exit network (MEN) triggers exit from mitosis. We find that hypertonic stress allows MEN mutants to exit from mitosis in a manner dependent on the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade. The HOG pathway drives exit from mitosis in MEN mutants by promoting the activation of the MEN effector, the protein phosphatase Cdc14. Activation of Cdc14 depends on the Cdc14 early anaphase release network, a group of proteins that functions in parallel to the MEN to promote Cdc14 function. Notably, exit from mi

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45

Iyer, Prajish, Brian Jiang, Girish Venkataraman, et al. "Integrating Metabolomics and Molecular Pathways to Uncover Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Richter's Transformation." Blood 144, Supplement 1 (2024): 760. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2024-199843.

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Despite advances in targeted therapies, the aggressive transition of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) to Richter's transformation (RT) remains an unmet clinical need. While oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) shaped by B-cell receptor signaling is a recognized feature in CLL and RT, metabolism changes driving RT progression are poorly understood. We recently developed an RT murine model by B-cell-restricted knockout of Mga, a negative regulator of MYC, in LSK cells derived from Cd19Cre-Cas9-del(13q)-Sf3b1-K700E mice. Murine RT cells exhibit high MYC and Ki67 expression, upregulated Mga target

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Baranwal, Shivani, Gajendra Kumar Azad, Vikash Singh, and Raghuvir S. Tomar. "Signaling of Chloroquine-Induced Stress in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Requires the Hog1 and Slt2 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 58, no. 9 (2014): 5552–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.02393-13.

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ABSTRACTChloroquine (CQ) has been under clinical use for several decades, and yet little is known about CQ sensing and signaling mechanisms or about their impact on various biological pathways. We employed the budding yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaeas a model organism to study the pathways targeted by CQ. Our screening with yeast mutants revealed that it targets histone proteins and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Here, we also describe the novel role of mitogen-activated protein kinases Hog1 and Slt2, which aid in survival in the presence of CQ. Cells deficient in Hog1 or Slt2 are found to be CQ

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47

Johnson, Ali CM, Kirsten Becker, and Richard A. Zager. "Parenteral iron formulations differentially affect MCP-1, HO-1, and NGAL gene expression and renal responses to injury." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 299, no. 2 (2010): F426—F435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00248.2010.

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Despite their prooxidant effects, ferric iron compounds are routinely administered to patients with renal disease to correct Fe deficiency. This study assessed relative degrees to which three clinically employed Fe formulations [Fe sucrose (FeS); Fe gluconate (FeG); ferumoxytol (FMX)] impact renal redox- sensitive signaling, cytotoxicity, and responses to superimposed stress [endotoxin; glycerol-induced acute renal failure (ARF)]. Cultured human proximal tubule (HK-2) cells, isolated proximal tubule segments (PTS), or mice were exposed to variable, but equal, amounts of FeS, FeG, or FMX. Oxida

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Chen, Jianchun, Jian-Kang Chen, John R. Falck, et al. "Mitogenic Activity and Signaling Mechanism of 2-(14,15-Epoxyeicosatrienoyl)Glycerol, a Novel Cytochrome P450 Arachidonate Metabolite." Molecular and Cellular Biology 27, no. 14 (2007): 5260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00920-07.

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49

Chen, Jianchun, Jian-Kang Chen, John R. Falck, Siddam Anjaiah, Jorge H. Capdevila, and Raymond C. Harris. "Mitogenic Activity and Signaling Mechanism of 2-(14,15- Epoxyeicosatrienoyl)Glycerol, a Novel Cytochrome P450 Arachidonate Metabolite." Molecular and Cellular Biology 27, no. 8 (2007): 3023–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.01482-06.

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ABSTRACT Arachidonic acid is an essential constituent of cell membranes that is esterified to the sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids and is released from selected phospholipid pools by tightly regulated phospholipase cleavage. Metabolism of the released arachidonic acid by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system (cP450) generates biologically active compounds, including epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids. Here we report that 2-(14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoyl)glycerol (2-14,15-EG), a novel cP450 arachidonate metabolite produced in the kidney, is a potent mitogen for rena

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Rahib, Lola, Nicole K. MacLennan, Steve Horvath, James C. Liao, and Katrina M. Dipple. "Glycerol kinase deficiency alters expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and insulin signaling." European Journal of Human Genetics 15, no. 6 (2007): 646–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201801.

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