Artículos de revistas: "Growing sea"

1

Radulovich, Ricardo, María José Rodríguez y Rebeca Mata. "Growing halophytes floating at sea". Aquaculture Reports 8 (noviembre de 2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2017.07.002.

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2

Wells, A. J., J. S. Wettlaufer y S. A. Orszag. "Brine fluxes from growing sea ice". Geophysical Research Letters 38, n.º 4 (febrero de 2011): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010gl046288.

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3

Bell, Niall y Jan Smith. "Coral growing on North Sea oil rigs". Nature 402, n.º 6762 (diciembre de 1999): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/45127.

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4

Lambert, Gretchen. "Invasive sea squirts: A growing global problem". Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 342, n.º 1 (marzo de 2007): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2006.10.009.

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5

Kuradeniz, Turan. "FIG GROWING IN EASTERN BLACK SEA REGION (TURKEY)". Acta Horticulturae, n.º 605 (abril de 2003): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2003.605.30.

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6

Molemaker, M. Jeroen y Henk A. Dijkstra. "Double diffusive and direct instabilities below growing sea ice". International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 37, n.º 16 (noviembre de 1994): 2547–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0017-9310(94)90292-5.

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7

Kawamura, Toshiyuki. "A Method for Growing Large Single Crystals of Sea Ice". Journal of Glaciology 32, n.º 111 (1986): 302–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002214300001563x.

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Abstract A simple technique is presented for growing large single crystals of sea ice. Using this technique, crystals with dimensions of 20 cm × 20 cm × 10 cm or more can be readily obtained within an orientational accuracy of 3°. Such crystals can then be used to investigate the physical properties of sea ice.

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8

Kawamura, Toshiyuki. "A Method for Growing Large Single Crystals of Sea Ice". Journal of Glaciology 32, n.º 111 (1986): 302–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s002214300001563x.

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AbstractA simple technique is presented for growing large single crystals of sea ice. Using this technique, crystals with dimensions of 20 cm × 20 cm × 10 cm or more can be readily obtained within an orientational accuracy of 3°. Such crystals can then be used to investigate the physical properties of sea ice.

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9

Bergamasco, Filippo y Alvise Benetazzo. "Spatially Distributed Sea Wave Measurements". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, n.º 2 (23 de febrero de 2021): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9020238.

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10

Johnson, Amy S., Jordan M. Salyers, Nicholas J. Alcorn, Olaf Ellers y Jonathan D. Allen. "Externally visible fluorochrome marks and allometries of growing sea urchins". Invertebrate Biology 132, n.º 3 (24 de junio de 2013): 251–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ivb.12024.

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11

Petrich, Chris, Jonas Karlsson y Hajo Eicken. "Porosity of growing sea ice and potential for oil entrainment". Cold Regions Science and Technology 87 (marzo de 2013): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2012.12.002.

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12

Hilmola, Olli-Pekka y Andres Tolli. "Growing Trade, But Slowing Unitized Short Sea Shipping: Analysing Finland and Germany". Transport and Telecommunication Journal 20, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 2019): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2019-0008.

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Abstract In this research is being analyzed trade relationship and unitized maritime cargo between Germany and Finland. Focus in longitudinal analysis (2001-2017) is on maritime transport, and particularly within the development of different Finnish sea ports in unitized German cargo handling. Trade has been significantly growing over the decades and is on record highs in the most recent year (2017). Germany has also become largest trade partner of Finland. However, after 2003 trade bas been on growing deficit path, and is currently more than one billion deficits for Finland. Rather surprisingly, unitized cargo flows are not growing as much as trade suggests. Still best years are from time before Global Financial Crisis (GFC). Some sea ports in Southwest of Finland have been on clear declining path, while largest sea ports could be considered as somehow sustaining in volumes. Growth is on some smaller and mid-sized sea ports, which have direct regional need for German trade. Hinterland transports through Baltic States must have taken share of direct maritime transports from Finnish sea ports.

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13

Čaňová, I. "Health condition of young spruce stands growing in Poľana in different altitudes". Journal of Forest Science 48, No. 11 (22 de mayo de 2019): 469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/11914-jfs.

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This paper presents the first results of chlorophyll fluorescence measurements on assimilatory apparatus of Norway spruce. Three young spruce stands located in various altitudes (600, 1,050 and 1,250 m above sea level) were selected for the measurements. Chlorophyll fluorescence a was measured by a portable fluorimeter PEA. These measurements were performed on three needle year-classes. We found greater stand damage on the areas which are located in higher altitudes, but only at the end of growing season.

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14

Tyrrell, Martina. "From Placelessness to Place: An Ethnographer's Experience of Growing to Know Places at Sea". Worldviews: Global Religions, Culture, and Ecology 10, n.º 2 (2006): 220–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853506777965785.

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AbstractHow do we come to know the places we inhabit? What do places mean to us? What associations do we make with them? As an ethnographer and outsider I have grown, in a small way, to know places at sea along the northwest coast of Hudson Bay. In this paper I explore my growth into that knowledge, and how the sea became transformed from a blank space to a place filled with memory and association. I compare my short experience with that of local Inuit, who make use of the sea on a daily basis. Where and how do Inuit learn about places at sea? And how important are those places in their use of and movement through their marine environment?

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15

Xiao, Jun, Yingkai Xiao, Zhangdong Jin, Congqiang Liu y Maoyong He. "Boron isotopic compositions in growing corals from the South China Sea". Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 62 (enero de 2013): 561–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.11.005.

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16

Li, Baoshan, Lili Wang, Jiying Wang, Yongzhi Sun, Shixin Wang, Lisheng Jiang y Bingshan Huang. "Requirement of vitamin E of growing sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus Selenka". Aquaculture Research 51, n.º 3 (13 de enero de 2020): 1284–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/are.14479.

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17

Day, Jonathan J. y Kevin I. Hodges. "Growing Land‐Sea Temperature Contrast and the Intensification of Arctic Cyclones". Geophysical Research Letters 45, n.º 8 (24 de abril de 2018): 3673–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018gl077587.

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18

Serdar, U. y I. Macit. "NEW ADVANCES IN CHESTNUT GROWING IN THE BLACK SEA REGION, TURKEY". Acta Horticulturae, n.º 866 (junio de 2010): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2010.866.37.

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19

CHADWICK, R. A., R. ARTS y O. EIKEN. "4D seismic quantification of a growing CO2plume at Sleipner, North Sea". Geological Society, London, Petroleum Geology Conference series 6, n.º 1 (2005): 1385–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/0061385.

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20

Bassett, Christopher, Andone C. Lavery y Ted Maksym. "Laboratory measurements of high-frequency, broadband acoustic scattering of growing sea ice and oil beneath sea ice". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 135, n.º 4 (abril de 2014): 2302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4877579.

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21

Burke, Nóirín, Deirdre Brophy y Pauline A. King. "Otolith shape analysis: its application for discriminating between stocks of Irish Sea and Celtic Sea herring (Clupea harengus) in the Irish Sea". ICES Journal of Marine Science 65, n.º 9 (6 de noviembre de 2008): 1670–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsn177.

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Abstract Burke, N., Brophy, D., and King, P. A. 2008. Otolith shape analysis: its application for discriminating between stocks of Irish Sea and Celtic Sea herring (Clupea harengus) in the Irish Sea. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 1670–1675. The extensive movement of Celtic Sea juvenile Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) during the first year of life into the Irish Sea results in two stocks of herring living together on Irish Sea nursery grounds: the resident autumn-spawned juveniles that originate in the Irish Sea, and the winter-spawned juveniles that hatch in the Celtic Sea and drift into the Irish Sea as larvae. Measurements of otolith increment width can be used to distinguish between the fast-growing winter-spawned and the slow-growing autumn-spawned stocks, but this method can be time-consuming. Otolith shape analysis is investigated as an alternative method for discriminating between seasonal spawning stocks. Juvenile herring collected from nursery grounds in the Irish Sea in 2006 were classified as autumn- or winter-spawned using increment width measurements. Otolith shape was defined using shape indices and Fourier descriptors. Juveniles were classified successfully to hatch type with a high degree of accuracy (86–87%) using shape variables. The potential use of otolith shape analysis for identifying Celtic Sea juvenile herring in the Irish Sea and its possible use for other mixed-herring stock assessments are discussed.

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22

Brown, Timothy H. "The Rapidly Growing Mycobacteria—Mycobacterium fortuitumandMycobacterium chelonei". Infection Control 6, n.º 7 (julio de 1985): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700061762.

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Recent clinical experience has addedMycobacterium fortuitumandMycobacterium cheloneito the expanding list of nosocomial pathogens. These rapidly growing mycobacteria were first isolated 80 years ago from frogs (M. fortuitum) and sea turtles (M. chelonei). Obtained occasionally from human sources as early as 1904, they were generally regarded as commensals in man. Friedmann was so convinced of the non-pathogenicity ofM. cheloneithat he introduced the “turtle vaccine” as a means of preventing and treating tuberculosis. Contemporary medical literature firmly establishes these organisms as human pathogens with particular importance in nosocomial infections.

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23

Jurišić, Paula. "To Unsee the Sea". Cross-cultural studies review 1, n.º 1-2 (15 de abril de 2020): 127–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.38003/ccsr.1.1-2.7.

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This article provides a glimpse into the echo of the European refugee crisis in contemporary European cinema and the modes of narration deployed in representations of the phenomenon that is rapidly changing the European political and cultural landscape. The representation of the crisis seems to be bringing about a crisis of representation. Mainstream media refugee images are penetrating both the big screens and television production. Drama and victimhood are, consequently, inevitably becoming the dominant modes of narration (See Rosi’s Fuocoammare), but a growing number of filmmakers address the issue in rather creative ways, bravely experimenting with the nature of the cinematic event as a whole.

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24

Günther, Sven y Gerhard S. Dieckmann. "Vertical zonation and community transition of sea-ice diatoms in fast ice and platelet layer, Weddell Sea, Antarctica". Annals of Glaciology 33 (2001): 287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756401781818590.

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AbstractChanges in the taxonomic composition of diatoms in fast ice as well as in the underlying platelet layer were followed from June to December 1995 in Atka Bay Antarctica. Four communities were clearly distinguished: (1) an interior community dominated by flagellates in spring; (2) a bottom community dominated by a small form of Fragilariopsis cylindrus; (3) a platelet-ice layer dominated by Amphiprora Kufferathii and Thalassionema sp. growing attached to the ice platelets; and (4) an interstitial community dominated by Chaetoceros neglectus growing in the water between the platelets. Species composition distribution and succession in these communities were related to changes in silicate concentration, pore space and ice-formation processes and the ability of some cells to grow attached to ice platelets. The presence of the platelet-layer communities may have implications for paleoglaciology

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25

Albayrak, Sevil, Ahmet Aksoy, Ergin Hamzaoglu, Lutfiye Ekici y Umit Budak. "Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities ofSeneciospecies growing in the Black Sea region, Turkey". Acta Botanica Gallica 155, n.º 3 (enero de 2008): 447–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12538078.2008.10516124.

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26

Yu, Qiyao y David A. Clausi. "SAR Sea-Ice Image Analysis Based on Iterative Region Growing Using Semantics". IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 45, n.º 12 (diciembre de 2007): 3919–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2007.908876.

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27

Zakharov, Vladimir E., Sergei I. Badulin, Paul A. Hwang y Guillemette Caulliez. "Universality of sea wave growth and its physical roots". Journal of Fluid Mechanics 780 (7 de septiembre de 2015): 503–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.468.

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Assuming resonant nonlinear wave interactions to be the dominant physical mechanism of growing wind-driven seas we propose a concise relationship between instantaneous wave steepness and time or fetch of wave development expressed in dimensionless wave periods or lengths. This asymptotic physical law derived from the first principles of the theory of weak turbulence does not contain wind speed explicitly. The validity of this law is illustrated by results of numerical simulations, in situ measurements of growing wind seas and wind-wave tank observations. The impact of this new view of sea-wave physics is discussed in the context of conventional approaches to wave modelling and forecasting.

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28

Mao, Hai Ying, Cong Hu y Xiao Ming Hu. "Clustering Analysis Research of Sea Reclamation Scale". Applied Mechanics and Materials 501-504 (enero de 2014): 2142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.2142.

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Choosing the development activity of sea reclamation in 11 coastal provinces, cities and autonomous regions of China, according to the characteristics of the scale of sea reclamation during 2002-2012, and using the statistical analysis software SPSS, this paper applies clustering analysis in classifying the development status of sea reclamation in the 11 coastal provinces and cities of China, concludes the growth characteristics of sea reclamation development activity, puts forward the constraining factors which prevent the scale of sea reclamation from growing and the management countermeasures for the development of future sea reclamation activity.

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29

Lange, M. A., S. F. Ackley, P. Wadhams, G. S. Dieckmann y H. Eicken. "Development of Sea Ice in the Weddell Sea". Annals of Glaciology 12 (1989): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500007023.

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We report on the development and physical properties of sea ice in the central and eastern Weddell Sea. The investigations were part of the Winter Weddell Sea Project 1986, which extended over the months of July through December. Major elements of the glaciological part of this study included continuous shipborne observations of sea-ice conditions and occasional helicopter reconnaissance flights, extensive measurements of snow and ice thicknesses at daily ice stations, and detailed analyses of sampled ice cores from each ice station. Textural investigations of the sampled ice revealed the dominance of frazil ice in the central Weddell Sea and the occurrence of an additional ice class, called platelet ice, together with the commonly known frazil and congelation ice in the coastal region of the eastern Weddell Sea. These results, in combination with the visual ice observations, reveal two major mechanisms for sea-ice generation in the Antarctic, which were not sufficiently well accounted for in previous investigations. In the central Weddell Sea, a cycle of pancake-ice formation and its growth into consolidated floes seems to be the dominant process of the advancing sea-ice edge. In the coastal waters, the growing sea-ice cover consists, to a considerable degree, of ice platelets which are formed in the underlying water column in front of the ice-shelf edges. Thus, congelation-ice growth, which is mainly controlled by atmospheric, thermodynamic forcing, seems to be of less importance in the central and south-eastern Weddell Sea than, for example, in the Arctic Basin.

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30

Lange, M. A., S. F. Ackley, P. Wadhams, G. S. Dieckmann y H. Eicken. "Development of Sea Ice in the Weddell Sea". Annals of Glaciology 12 (1989): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500007023.

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We report on the development and physical properties of sea ice in the central and eastern Weddell Sea. The investigations were part of the Winter Weddell Sea Project 1986, which extended over the months of July through December. Major elements of the glaciological part of this study included continuous shipborne observations of sea-ice conditions and occasional helicopter reconnaissance flights, extensive measurements of snow and ice thicknesses at daily ice stations, and detailed analyses of sampled ice cores from each ice station. Textural investigations of the sampled ice revealed the dominance of frazil ice in the central Weddell Sea and the occurrence of an additional ice class, called platelet ice, together with the commonly known frazil and congelation ice in the coastal region of the eastern Weddell Sea. These results, in combination with the visual ice observations, reveal two major mechanisms for sea-ice generation in the Antarctic, which were not sufficiently well accounted for in previous investigations. In the central Weddell Sea, a cycle of pancake-ice formation and its growth into consolidated floes seems to be the dominant process of the advancing sea-ice edge. In the coastal waters, the growing sea-ice cover consists, to a considerable degree, of ice platelets which are formed in the underlying water column in front of the ice-shelf edges. Thus, congelation-ice growth, which is mainly controlled by atmospheric, thermodynamic forcing, seems to be of less importance in the central and south-eastern Weddell Sea than, for example, in the Arctic Basin.

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31

Zain ul Arifeen, Muhammad, Yu-Nan Ma, Ya-Rong Xue y Chang-Hong Liu. "Deep-Sea Fungi Could Be the New Arsenal for Bioactive Molecules". Marine Drugs 18, n.º 1 (20 de diciembre de 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md18010009.

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Growing microbial resistance to existing drugs and the search for new natural products of pharmaceutical importance have forced researchers to investigate unexplored environments, such as extreme ecosystems. The deep-sea (>1000 m below water surface) has a variety of extreme environments, such as deep-sea sediments, hydrothermal vents, and deep-sea cold region, which are considered to be new arsenals of natural products. Organisms living in the extreme environments of the deep-sea encounter harsh conditions, such as high salinity, extreme pH, absence of sun light, low temperature and oxygen, high hydrostatic pressure, and low availability of growth nutrients. The production of secondary metabolites is one of the strategies these organisms use to survive in such harsh conditions. Fungi growing in such extreme environments produce unique secondary metabolites for defense and communication, some of which also have clinical significance. Despite being the producer of many important bioactive molecules, deep-sea fungi have not been explored thoroughly. Here, we made a brief review of the structure, biological activity, and distribution of secondary metabolites produced by deep-sea fungi in the last five years.

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32

Ott, Marvin C. "Deep Danger: Competing Claims in the South China Sea". Current History 110, n.º 737 (1 de septiembre de 2011): 236–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2011.110.737.236.

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33

Necajeva, Jevgenija y Gederts Ievinsh. "Seed germination of six coastal plant species of the Baltic region: effect of salinity and dormancy-breaking treatments". Seed Science Research 18, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2008): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258508040403.

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AbstractSeed salinity tolerance and dormancy play important roles in germination behaviour. The effects of NaCl concentration and different dormancy-breaking treatments on germination were determined for six species growing on the coasts of the Baltic Sea or the Gulf of Riga: Juncus balticus, Triglochin maritima, Triglochin palustre, Anthyllis maritima, Linaria vulgaris and Linaria loeselii. Germination percentages were significantly reduced at NaCl concentrations >100 mM. Germination of J. balticus, T. maritima and T. palustre, but not that of A. maritima and L. vulgaris, recovered after seeds were rinsed with distilled water. Seeds of J. balticus were non-dormant; those of A. maritima had physical dormancy; and those of T. palustre, T. maritima, L. loeselii and L. vulgaris had non-deep to intermediate physiological dormancy, which was broken by cold stratification or gibberellic acid. The seeds of plants growing in habitats periodically exposed to sea water (coastal meadows) were characterized by greater salinity tolerance than seeds of plants growing in habitats less exposed to sea water (dunes).

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34

Ehrenman, Gayle. "From Sea to Sink". Mechanical Engineering 126, n.º 10 (1 de octubre de 2004): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2004-oct-3.

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This article reviews supplies of water under stress; the prospect of rendering saltwater drinkable is growing more appealing and more affordable. A combination of need and cost is making desalination of saltwater more attractive in the United States, and reverse osmosis is the overwhelming choice when it comes to desalination methods. Desalination, the removal of salt from either brackish or seawater to render it potable, is nothing new. Desalination processes are generally divided into two methods: thermal and membrane. Either process can be used for seawater or brackish water. Brackish water is saltier than fresh water, but typically not as salty as seawater. It may result from the mixing of sea and fresh water, as in estuaries, or it may occur naturally, as in underground aquifers. Brackish water concentrate disposal poses more of a problem, largely because those facilities are typically located inland, so there's no nearby ocean to send the brine back into. Instead, these facilities pump the concentrate into deep wells.

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35

Shapiro, G. I., D. L. Aleynik y L. D. Mee. "Long term trends in the sea surface temperature of the Black Sea". Ocean Science 6, n.º 2 (7 de mayo de 2010): 491–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-6-491-2010.

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Abstract. There is growing understanding that recent deterioration of the Black Sea ecosystem was partly due to changes in the marine physical environment. This study uses high resolution 0.25° climatology to analyze sea surface temperature variability over the 20th century in two contrasting regions of the sea. Results show that the deep Black Sea was cooling during the first three quarters of the century and was warming in the last 15–20 years; on aggregate there was a statistically significant cooling trend. The SST variability over the Western shelf was more volatile and it does not show statistically significant trends. The cooling of the deep Black Sea is at variance with the general trend in the North Atlantic and may be related to the decrease of westerly winds over the Black Sea, and a greater influence of the Siberian anticyclone. The timing of the changeover from cooling to warming coincides with the regime shift in the Black Sea ecosystem.

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36

Shapiro, G. I., D. L. Aleynik y L. D. Mee. "Long term trends in the sea surface temperature of the Black Sea". Ocean Science Discussions 7, n.º 1 (18 de enero de 2010): 91–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-91-2010.

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Abstract. There is growing understanding that recent deterioration of the Black Sea ecosystem was partly due to changes in the marine physical environment. This study uses high resolution 0.25° climatology to analyze sea surface temperature variability over the 20th century in two contrasting regions of the sea. Results show that the deep Black Sea was cooling during the first three quarters of the century and was warming in the last 15–20 years; on aggregate there was a statistically significant cooling trend. The SST variability over the Western shelf was more volatile and it does not show statistically significant trends. The cooling of the deep Black Sea is at variance with the general trend in the North Atlantic and may be related to the decrease of westerly winds over the Black Sea, and a greater influence of the Siberian anticyclone. The timing of the changeover from cooling to warming coincides with the regime shift in the Black Sea ecosystem.

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37

OGASAWARA, Toshinori, Ryota ITO, Ayumu OGASAWARA, Naoki KOSIDA y Shigeki SAKAI. "Experiments on Characteristics of Temperature and Salinity in Growing Process of Sea Ice". Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B2 (Coastal Engineering) 68, n.º 2 (2012): I_1261—I_1265. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/kaigan.68.i_1261.

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38

Zhou, Weizhi, Hai’ou Zhang, Yuhong Ma, Jianpeng Zhou y Yuzhong Zhang. "Bio-removal of cadmium by growing deep-sea bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. SCSE709-6". Extremophiles 17, n.º 5 (28 de junio de 2013): 723–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00792-013-0554-4.

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39

Rees Jones, David W. y M. Grae Worster. "A simple dynamical model for gravity drainage of brine from growing sea ice". Geophysical Research Letters 40, n.º 2 (25 de enero de 2013): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012gl054301.

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40

Jansen, Peder A., Anja B. Kristoffersen, Hildegunn Viljugrein, Daniel Jimenez, Magne Aldrin y Audun Stien. "Sea lice as a density-dependent constraint to salmonid farming". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, n.º 1737 (8 de febrero de 2012): 2330–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.0084.

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Fisheries catches worldwide have shown no increase over the last two decades, while aquaculture has been booming. To cover the demand for fish in the growing human population, continued high growth rates in aquaculture are needed. A potential constraint to such growth is infectious diseases, as disease transmission rates are expected to increase with increasing densities of farmed fish. Using an extensive dataset from all farms growing salmonids along the Norwegian coast, we document that densities of farmed salmonids surrounding individual farms have a strong effect on farm levels of parasitic sea lice and efforts to control sea lice infections. Furthermore, increased intervention efforts have been unsuccessful in controlling elevated infection levels in high salmonid density areas in 2009–2010. Our results emphasize host density effects of farmed salmonids on the population dynamics of sea lice and suggest that parasitic sea lice represent a potent negative feedback mechanism that may limit sustainable spatial densities of farmed salmonids.

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41

N, Mistratova A. y Bopp L. V. "SAPROPEL IN THE TECHNOLOGY OF PRODUCTION OF SEA-BUCKTHORN SEEDLINGS". Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 21, n.º 02 (6 de febrero de 2018): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v21i02.907.

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The biological effects of sapropel in the technology of growing sea- buckthorn seedlings are studied. It is established that the rooting of green cuttings of the studied varieties on the sapropelic substrate is higher compared to the classic version – peat + sand by 2,0 – 31,3%. It is revealed that the composition of the substrate, the use of the root formation stimulator and varietal characteristics of culture influence the further development of plants grown by the non-transplant method at the place of green cuttings rooting. The most positive effect on the quality of the sea-buckthorn planting material is obtained on the substrate of peat + sand. It is recommended to use the sapropel-based substrate for rooting of the sea-buckthorn stem cuttings in the production conditions, and to apply the transplant method for seedlings further growing.

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42

Harrison, Selig S. "Quiet Struggle in the East China Sea". Current History 101, n.º 656 (1 de septiembre de 2002): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2002.101.656.271.

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Growing attention has been devoted in recent years to projected oil and gas pipelines that would link Russian gas fields in eastern Siberia and Sakhalin Island to China, Japan, and the two Koreas. By contrast, there is little awareness of the high economic and political stakes involved in the quiet struggle now unfolding in Northeast Asia over seabed petroleum resources, especially the conflict between China and Japan over the East China Sea.

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Drusch, Matthias. "Sea Ice Concentration Analyses for the Baltic Sea and Their Impact on Numerical Weather Prediction". Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 45, n.º 7 (1 de julio de 2006): 982–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jam2376.1.

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Abstract Sea ice concentration plays a fundamental role in the exchange of water and energy between the ocean and the atmosphere. Global real-time datasets of sea ice concentration are based on satellite observations, which do not necessarily resolve small-scale patterns or coastal features. In this study, the global National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) 0.5° sea ice concentration dataset is compared with a regional high-resolution analysis for the Baltic Sea produced 2 times per week by the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI). In general, the NCEP dataset exhibits less spatial and temporal variability during the winter of 2003/04. Because of the coarse resolution of the NCEP dataset, ice extent is generally larger than in the SMHI analysis. Mean sea ice concentrations derived from both datasets are in reasonable agreement during the ice-growing and ice-melting periods in January and April, respectively. For February and March, during which the sea ice extent is largest, mean sea ice concentrations are lower in the NCEP dataset relative to the SMHI product. Ten-day weather forecasts based on the NCEP sea ice concentrations and the SMHI dataset have been performed, and they were compared on the local, regional, and continental scales. Turbulent surface fluxes have been analyzed based on 24-h forecasts. The differences in sea ice extent during the ice-growing period in January cause mean differences of up to 30 W m−2 for sensible heat flux and 20 W m−2 for latent heat flux in parts of the Gulf of Bothnia and the Gulf of Finland. The comparison between spatially aggregated fluxes yields differences of up to 36 and 20 W m−2 for sensible and latent heat flux, respectively. The differences in turbulent fluxes result in different planetary boundary height and structure. Even the forecast cloud cover changes by up to 40% locally.

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Han, Feng, Run-Run Gu, Xiao-Sheng Shen, Yuan-Ge Chen, Liang-Liang Tian, Wei-Feng Zhou y You-Qiong Cai. "Detection of Total and Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Shellfish Growing along the South Yellow Sea and the East China Sea". Journal of Food Protection 80, n.º 11 (17 de octubre de 2017): 1882–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-080.

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ABSTRACT This study was conducted to monitor the densities of total and pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in 300 samples of nine shellfish species harvested from the coasts of the South Yellow Sea and the East China Sea (N 23° to 34°, E 116° to 124°), People's Republic of China, between May and October 2015. Total V. parahaemolyticus densities were measured, and V. parahaemolyticus isolates were biochemically identified with probes for the thermostable direct hemolysin gene (tdh) and the thermostable direct hemolysin–related hemolysin gene (trh). We found that 202 of the 300 samples were positive for V. parahaemolyticus from all the sites: 58 of the 100 samples from the Fujian province, 71 of the 100 samples from the Zhejiang province, and 73 of the 100 samples from the Jiangsu province. In most (170) of the 300 samples, V. parahaemolyticus densities were 0.3 to 10 most probable number (MPN)/g; five lots exceeded 110 MPN/g, and two lots were estimated at 110 MPN/g. Among the 202 V. parahaemolyticus strains, only one was trh positive. Densities of V. parahaemolyticus in these shellfish were temperature dependent, with highest densities in June and July. Among the nine mollusk species, V. parahaemolyticus was most abundant in the agemaki clam (Sinonovacula constricta). The highest and lowest V. parahaemolyticus prevalences were found in oriental cyclina (Cyclina sinensis, 93.8%) and mussels (Mytilus edulis, 28.1%), respectively. Overall, although V. parahaemolyticus is widely distributed in marine environments, the density of V. parahaemolyticus was low and the prevalence of the main virulence factor was very low in shellfish along the coasts of the South Yellow Sea and East China Sea, which is important from a public health perspective. Data presented here will be useful for correlational research and can be utilized for developing risk management plans that establish food safety guidelines for V. parahaemolyticus in Chinese shellfish.

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Findlay, Catherine, Jason Morrison, C. J. Mundy, Julia Sedlmair, Carol J. Hirschmugl y Kathleen M. Gough. "Thermal source Fourier transform infrared microtomography applied to Arctic sea ice diatoms". Analyst 142, n.º 4 (2017): 660–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6an02056a.

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Cheng, Polly, Ankita Kambli y Johnny Stone. "Skeleton growth under uniformly distributed force conditions: producing spherical sea urchins". International Journal of Astrobiology 16, n.º 4 (11 de noviembre de 2016): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550416000409.

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AbstractSea urchin skeletons, or tests, comprise rigid calcareous plates, interlocked and sutured together with collagen fibres. The tests are malleable due to mutability in the collagen fibres that loosen during active feeding, yielding interplate gaps. We designed an extraterrestrial simulation experiment wherein we subjected actively growing sea urchins toone factorassociated with zero-gravity environments, by growing them under conditions in which reactionary gravitational forces were balanced, and observed how their tests responded. Preventing tests from adhering to surfaces during active growth produced more-spherical bodies, realized as increased height-to-diameter ratios. Sea urchin tests constitute ideal systems for obtaining data that could be useful in extraterrestrial biology research, particularly in how skeletons grow under altered-gravity conditions.

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47

Becker, S. M. "Rising Sea Level and the Growing Threat of Hazardous Material Releases: A Pilot Project in Coastal Virginia". Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (mayo de 2019): s11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19000426.

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Introduction:Hazardous materials are widely used in modern society, including in industry, business, agriculture, research, healthcare, and other sectors. As sea levels continue to rise around the globe, locations where hazardous materials are produced, stored, transported, or utilized become increasingly vulnerable to flooding, storm surge, and other problems that can result in accidental releases. Such releases can pose threats to health, the environment, and the economic viability of communities.Aim:This paper reports on a new pilot project in Coastal Virginia to increase awareness, enhance safeguards, and strengthen preparedness for the growing threat of hazardous material releases posed by rising sea levels.Methods:Launched under the Institute for Coastal Adaptation and Resilience (ICAR) at Old Dominion University, with support from the ODU Resilience Collaborative, the project includes several components. One part identifies hazardous materials sectors that could be affected by rising seas. Another component consists of case studies of locations that have already been affected. A third component involves stakeholder workshops where participants work collaboratively to enhance safeguards and strengthen preparedness.Results:Designed in 2017 and 2018, the project secured initial funding early in 2018. Since then, the project has worked to identify sectors and activities that could be affected by rising seas and establish links with key stakeholder agencies, sectors, and organizations. The next steps, to be completed in 2019, involve preparation of case studies from facilities already affected by rising sea levels, and the implementation of the first in a series of stakeholder workshops.Discussion:As sea levels rise, more hazardous materials locations become vulnerable. Proactively addressing this threat is an essential part of sea level rise preparedness, adaptation, and resilience. The new pilot project in Coastal Virginia is intended to help address this challenge by increasing awareness and bringing stakeholders together to collaboratively identify practical steps forward.

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Zubak, Ivana, Hrvoje Cizmek y Melita Mokos. "Posidonia oceanica lower depth limits along a latitudinal gradient in the eastern Adriatic Sea". Botanica Marina 63, n.º 3 (25 de junio de 2020): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bot-2019-0097.

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AbstractAlthough extensive studies have been made on Posidonia oceanica ecosystems, in terms of their phenological characteristics, shoot density, biomass, and associated faunal assemblages, little attention has been given to the depth distribution of this species in the Adriatic Sea. The depth limits of the Mediterranean endemic seagrass P. oceanica growing along the eastern coast of the Croatian Adriatic Sea were examined by the use of SCUBA diving. Fifty-two independent measurements show that the lower depth limit of P. oceanica in the Croatian Adriatic Sea ranges from 24 m in the north to 36 m in the south, with a strong latitudinal gradient. The information on maximum depth distribution is an important asset when the increased human pressure and rapid environmental changes pose a threat to the survival of this slow-growing marine species.

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Notz, Dirk, John S. Wettlaufer y M. Grae Worster. "A non-destructive method for measuring the salinity and solid fraction of growing sea ice in situ". Journal of Glaciology 51, n.º 172 (2005): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756505781829548.

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AbstractWe describe an instrument developed to make in situ measurements of salinity and solid- fraction profiles in growing sea ice. The vertical resolution of the measurements is up to a few millimeters, with a temporal resolution of up to fractions of a second. The technique is based on impedance measurements between platinum wires around which sea ice grows. Data obtained using this instrument in laboratory experiments are in good agreement with theoretical predictions. In a field test in the Arctic, the bulk salinity of growing sea ice has been measured in situ throughout the whole depth of the ice layer. The data are compared with bulk salinities obtained from ice cores, and confirm the general understanding that the bulk salinity in ice-core studies is significantly underestimated in the lower parts of the cores. The approach can also be used in other glaciological applications and for general studies of two-phase, two-component porous media.

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Fournier, Georges, Jean-Pierre Ardouin y Martin Levesque. "Modeling Sea Bottom Hyperspectral Reflectance". Applied Sciences 8, n.º 12 (19 de diciembre de 2018): 2680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8122680.

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Over the near-ultraviolet (UV) and visible spectrum the reflectance from mineral compounds and vegetation is predominantly due to absorption and scattering in the bulk material. Except for a factor of scale, the radiative transfer mechanism is similar to that seen in murky optically complex waters. We therefore adapted a semi-empirical algebraic irradiance model developed by Albert and Mobley to calculate the irradiance reflectance from both mineral compounds and vegetation commonly found on the sea bottom. This approach can be used to accurately predict the immersed reflectance spectra given the reflectance measured in air. When applied to mineral-based compounds or various types of marine vegetation, we obtain a simple two-parameter fit that accurately describes the key features of the reflectance spectra. The non-linear spectral combination effect as a function of the thickness of vegetation growing on a mineral substrate is then accounted for by a third parameter.

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