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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Halotana"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 17 de febrero de 2022

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1

Spencer, G. E., N. I. Syed, K. Lukowiak, and W. Winlow. "Halothane-induced synaptic depression at both in vivo and in vitro reconstructed synapses between identified Lymnaea neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 74, no. 6 (1995): 2604–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.74.6.2604.

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1. In the present study we tested the ability of the general anesthetic, halothane, to affect synaptic transmission at in vivo and in vitro reconstructed peptidergic synapses between identified neurons of Lymnaea stagnalis. 2. An identified respiratory interneuron, visceral dorsal 4 (VD4), innervates a number of postsynaptic cells in the central ring ganglia of Lymnaea. Because VD4 has previously been shown to exhibit immunoreactivity for FMRFamide-related peptides, it was hypothesized that these peptides may be utilized by VD4 during synaptic transmission. In the intact, isolated CNS of Lymna

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2

Brasil, Luis Josino, José Luiz Gomes do Amaral, Claudio Galeano Zettler, Claudio Augusto Marroni, Rafael Vercelino, and Norma Marroni. "Modelo experimental de indução de lesão oxidativa hepática em ratos por halotano." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 44, no. 1 (2007): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-28032007000100016.

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RACIONAL: O anestésico halotano pode ser metabolizado redutivamente a intermediários reativos que podem iniciar a lipoperoxidação acompanhada de injúria hepática. O tratamento prévio com hipóxia e fenobarbital em ratos aumenta o metabolismo do halotano e o estresse oxidativo e causa mudanças nas enzimas antioxidantes no fígado com dano hepático. MÉTODOS: Investigou-se o efeito do halotano na lipoperoxidação e histologia hepáticas após o aumento do metabolismo redutor do halotano induzido pela hipóxia e fenobarbital. Vinte e cinco ratos machos Wistar foram divididos em cinco grupos: Co (control

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3

SATHER, A. P., A. L. SCHAEFER, A. K. W. TONG, C. GARIÉPY, and S. M. ZAWADSKI. "MUSCLE AND RECTAL TEMPERATURE RESPONSE CURVES TO A SHORT-TERM HALOTHANE CHALLENGE IN EIGHT-WEEK-OLD PIGLETS WITH KNOWN GENOTYPE AT THE HALOTHANE LOCUS." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 70, no. 1 (1990): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas90-002.

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Each of the three genotypes (NN: normal, halothane negative; Nn: carrier, halothane negative; nn: halothane sensitive) at the halothane locus had a significantly different muscle temperature response curve to a 3-min halothane challenge, while only halothane positive (H+) and negative H−) phenotypes could be distinguished on the basis of the rectal temperature response curves. However, the among animal variation precludes its use as a diagnostic tool for the identification of heterozygous and homozygous normal among halothane negative pigs. Key words: Temperature, halothane gene, swine, genoty

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4

Staunton, Michael, Cathy Drexler, Phillip G. Schmid, Heather S. Havlik, Antal G. Hudetz, and Neil E. Farber. "Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase Mediates Halothane-induced Cerebral Microvascular Dilation." Anesthesiology 92, no. 1 (2000): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200001000-00023.

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Background The causes of volatile anesthetic-induced cerebral vasodilation include direct effects on smooth muscle and indirect effects via changes in metabolic rate and release of mediators from vascular endothelium and brain parenchyma. The role of nitric oxide and the relative importance of neuronal and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (nNOS and eNOS, respectively) are unclear. Methods Rat brain slices were superfused with oxygenated artificial cerebrospinal fluid. Hippocampal arteriolar diameters were measured using computerized videomicrometry. Vessels were preconstricted with prostaglan

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5

Sudo, Roberto T., Gisele Zapata, and Guilherme Suarez-Kurtz. "Studies of the halothane-cooling contractures of skeletal muscle." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 65, no. 4 (1987): 697–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y87-115.

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The characteristics of transient contractures elicited by rapid cooling of frog or mouse muscles perfused in vitro with solutions equilibrated with 0.5–2.0% halothane are reviewed. The data indicate that these halothane-cooling contractures are dose dependent and reproducible, and their amplitude is larger in muscles containing predominantly slow-twitch type fibers, such as the mouse soleus, than in muscles in which fast-twitch fibers predominate, such as the mouse extensor digitorum longus. The halothane-cooling contractures are potentiated in muscles exposed to succinylcholine. The effects o

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6

VARMA, R. R., R. C. WHITESELL, and M. M. ISKANDARANI. "Halothane Hepatitis Without Halothane." Survey of Anesthesiology 30, no. 4 (1986): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132586-198608000-00027.

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7

Conn, Harold O., and Jonas Skornicki. "Halothane hepatitis sans halothane." Hepatology 5, no. 6 (1985): 1238–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.1840050631.

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8

Schmidt, Ulrich, Robert H. G. Schwinger, and Michael Bohm. "Interaction of Halothane with Inhibitory G-proteins in the Human Myocardium." Anesthesiology 83, no. 2 (1995): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199508000-00016.

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Background Halothane has been reported to possess a catecholamine-sensitizing effect in laboratory animals and in anesthetized patients and to enhance the positive inotropic effect of isoproterenol in human papillary muscle strips. The current study was designed to investigate further the underlying subcellular mechanisms on human myocardium, in particular the mechanism of action of halothane on G-proteins. Methods To investigate the effect of halothane on adenylyl cyclase activity, isoproterenol-, guanylylimidodiphosphate (Gpp(NH)p)-, and forskolin-activated enzyme activities were studied alo

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9

SATHER, A. P., and A. C. MURRAY. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF A HALOTHANE-SENSITIVE LINE OF PIGS." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 69, no. 2 (1989): 323–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas89-036.

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A halothane-sensitive line of pigs was developed from a Pietrain-Lacombe synthetic line through selection of breeding stock based on their sensitivity to a 4 min, 4.5% halothane challenge. It appears that halothane sensitivity is inherited by a single, autosomal recessive allele (n), that is essentially fully penetrant (0.98) in halothane-sensitive pigs (nn). The gene was fixed within four cycles of selection. Segregation at the halothane locus among the two sexes provided no evidence to suggest differential mortality between the sexes and fit inheritance patterns typical of an autosomal locus

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10

Diaz-Sylvester, Paula L., Maura Porta, and Julio A. Copello. "Halothane modulation of skeletal muscle ryanodine receptors: dependence on Ca2+, Mg2+, and ATP." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 294, no. 4 (2008): C1103—C1112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.90642.2007.

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Malignant hyperthermia (MH) susceptibility is a genetic disorder of skeletal muscle associated with mutations in the ryanodine receptor isoform 1 (RyR1) of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). In MH-susceptible skeletal fibers, RyR1-mediated Ca2+ release is highly sensitive to activation by the volatile anesthetic halothane. Indeed, studies with isolated RyR1 channels (using simple Cs+ solutions) found that halothane selectively affects mutated but not wild-type RyR1 function. However, studies in skeletal fibers indicate that halothane can also activate wild-type RyR1-mediated Ca2+ release. We hypothe

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11

Awad, Joseph A., Jean-Louis Horn, L. Jackson Roberts II, and John J. Franks. "Demonstration of Halothane-induced Hepatic Lipid Peroxidation in Rats by Quantification of Flourine2-Isoprostanes." Anesthesiology 84, no. 4 (1996): 910–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199604000-00019.

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Background Halothane can be reductively metabolized to free radical intermediates that may initiate lipid peroxidation. Hypoxia and phenobarbital pretreatment in Sprague-Dawley rats increases reductive metabolism of halothane. F(2)-isoprostanes, a novel measure of lipid peroxidation in vivo, were used to quantify halothane-induced lipid peroxidation in rats. Methods Rats were exposed to 1% halothane or 14% O(2) for 2 h. Pretreatments included phenobarbital, isoniazid, or vehicle. Rats also were exposed to halothane, enflurane, and desflurane at 21% O(2). Lipid peroxidation was assessed by mass

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12

Keifer, J. C., H. A. Baghdoyan, and R. Lydic. "Pontine Cholinergic Mechanisms Modulate the Cortical Electroencephalographic Spindles of Halothane Anesthesia." Anesthesiology 84, no. 4 (1996): 945–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199604000-00023.

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Background Halothane anesthesia causes spindles in the electroencephalogram (EEG), but the cellular and molecular mechanisms generating these spindles remain incompletely understood. The current study tested the hypothesis that halothane-induced EEG spindles are regulated, in part, by pontine cholinergic mechanisms. Methods Adult male cats were implanted with EEG electrodes and trained to sleep in the laboratory. Approximately 1 month after surgery, animals were anesthetized with halothane and a microdialysis probe was stereotaxically placed in the medial pontine reticular formation (mPRF). Si

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13

Akata, Takashi, and Walter A. Boyle. "Dual Actions of Halothane on Intracellular Calcium Stores of Vascular Smooth Muscle." Anesthesiology 84, no. 3 (1996): 580–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199603000-00014.

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Background Halothane has been reported to affect the integrity of intracellular Ca2+ stores in a number of tissues including vascular smooth muscle. However, the actions of halothane on intracellular Ca2+ stores are not yet fully understood. Methods Employing the isometric tension recording method, the action of halothane in isolated endothelium-denuded rat mesenteric arteries under either intact or beta-escinmembrane-permeabilized conditions was investigated. Results Halothane (0.125-5%) produced concentration-dependent contractions in Ca2+ free solution in both intact and membrane-permeabili

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14

Culau, Paulete de Oliveira Vargas, Jorge López, Jane Maria Rubensam, Rui Fernando Félix Lopes, and Sérgio Nicolaiewsky. "A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DO GENE HALOTANO SOBRE AS CARACTERÍSTICAS DE QUALIDADE DA CARNE SUÍNA." Ciência Rural 32, no. 1 (2002): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782002000100020.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar o efeito do gene halotano sobre as características de qualidade da carne suína. Foram utilizadas 151 carcaças de suínos híbridos comerciais, sendo 93 carcaças com genótipo halotano normal (HalNN), 51 heterozigotos (HalNn) e 7 recessivas (Hal nn). As medidas efetuadas foram: espessura de toucinho e de músculo, percentagem de carne, peso da carcaça, pH aos 45 minutos e 24 horas após o abate, no músculo Longissimus dorsi, cor, perda de líquido por gotejamento e identificação do genótipo halotano em amostras de gordura através de PCR-RFLP. Suínos HalNn ap

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15

Pabelick, Christina M., Yedatore S. Prakash, Mathur S. Kannan, David O. Warner, and Gary C. Sieck. "Effects of Halothane on Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Release Channels in Porcine Airway Smooth Muscle Cells." Anesthesiology 95, no. 1 (2001): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200107000-00032.

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Background Volatile anesthetics relax airway smooth muscle (ASM) by altering intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). The authors hypothesized that relaxation is produced by decreasing sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content via increased Ca2+ "leak" through both inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and ryanodine receptor channels. Methods Enzymatically dissociated porcine ASM cells were exposed to acetylcholine in the presence or absence of 2 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) halothane, and IP3 levels were measured using radioimmunoreceptor assay. Other cells were loaded with the Ca2+ indicator flu

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16

Minoda, Yuko, and Evan D. Kharasch. "Halothane-dependent Lipid Peroxidation in Human Liver Microsomes Is Catalyzed by Cytochrome P4502A6 (CYP2A6)." Anesthesiology 95, no. 2 (2001): 509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200108000-00037.

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Background Halothane is extensively (approximately 50%) metabolized in humans and undergoes both oxidative and reductive cytochrome P450-catalyzed hepatic biotransformation. Halothane is reduced under low oxygen tensions by CYP2A6 and CYP3A4 in human liver microsome to an unstable free radical, and then to the volatile metabolites chlorodifluoroethene (CDE) and chlorotrifluoroethane (CTE). The free radical is also thought to initiate lipid peroxidation. Halothane-dependent lipid peroxidation has been shown in animals in vitro and in vivo but has not been evaluated in humans. This investigation

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17

Matsumoto, Mishiya, Yasuhiko Iida, Takafumi Sakabe, Takanobu Sano, Toshizo Ishikawa, and Kazuhiko Nakakimura. "Mild and Moderate Hypothermia Provide Better Protection than a Burst-suppression Dose of Thiopental against Ischemic Spinal Cord Injury in Rabbits." Anesthesiology 86, no. 5 (1997): 1120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199705000-00016.

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Background Controversy exists over the efficacy of different methods for protecting the spinal cord against experimental ischemic injury. Therefore, the authors compared the protective effects of thiopental with those of hypothermia (35 degrees C and 32 degrees C) on hindlimb motor functions and histopathology after transient spinal cord ischemia. Methods Twenty-seven New Zealand white rabbits were assigned to one of the four groups: a thiopental-normothermia group (burst-suppression dose of thiopental; esophageal temperature = 38 degrees C; n = 7), a halothane-mild hypothermia group (halothan

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18

Rezaiguia-Delclaux, Saida, Christian Jayr, Deng Feng Luo, Nor-Eddine Saidi, Michel Meignan, and Philippe Duvaldestin. "Halothane and Isoflurane Decrease Alveolar Epithelial Fluid Clearance in Rats." Anesthesiology 88, no. 3 (1998): 751–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199803000-00027.

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Background Active sodium transport is the primary mechanism that drives alveolar fluid clearance. In the current study, the effects of exposure to halothane and isoflurane on alveolar fluid clearance in rats were evaluated. Methods Rats were exposed to either halothane (0.4% for 6 h or 2% for 2 h) or isoflurane (0.6% for 6 h or 2.8% for 2 h). Reversibility of halothane effects was assessed after 2 h of exposure to 2% halothane. Alveolar and lung liquid clearance were measured by intratracheal instillation of a 5% albumin solution with 1.5 microCi of 125I-albumin, during mechanical ventilation

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19

Beltran, M., R. Bull, P. Donoso, and C. Hidalgo. "Ca(2+)- and pH-dependent halothane stimulation of Ca2+ release in sarcoplasmic reticulum from frog muscle." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 271, no. 2 (1996): C540—C546. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1996.271.2.c540.

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The effect of halothane on calcium release kinetics was studied in triad-enriched sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles from frog skeletal muscle. Release from vesicles passively equilibrated with 3 mM 45CaCl2 was measured in the millisecond time range by use of a fast-filtration system. Halothane (400 microM) increased release rate constants at pH 7.1 and 7.4 as a function of extravesicular pCa. In contrast, halothane at pH 6.8 produced the same stimulation of release from pCa 7.0 to 3.0; no release took place in these conditions in the absence of halothane. Halothane shifted the calcium activation

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Duke, Adrian M., Philip M. Hopkins, Jane P. Halsal, and Derek S. Steele. "Mg2+Dependence of Halothane-induced Ca2+Release from the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum in Skeletal Muscle from Humans Susceptible to Malignant Hyperthermia." Anesthesiology 101, no. 6 (2004): 1339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200412000-00014.

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Background Recent work suggests that impaired Mg(2+) regulation of the ryanodine receptor is a common feature of both pig and human malignant hyperthermia. Therefore, the influence of [Mg(2+)] on halothane-induced Ca(2+) release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum was studied in malignant hyperthermia-susceptible (MHS) or -nonsusceptible (MHN) muscle. Methods Vastus medialis fibers were mechanically skinned and perfused with solutions containing physiologic (1 mm) or reduced concentrations of free [Mg(2+)]. Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) release was detected using fura-2 or fluo-3. Results In MHN f

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Brondani, Juliana Tabarelli, Cláudio Corrêa Natalini, João Eduardo Wallau Schossler, Saulo Tadeu Lemos Pinto Filho, and Adriana Paula Bertin. "Alterações cardiovasculares de gatos submetidos à toracotomia intercostal, pré-medicados com associação de tramadol, butorfanol e atropina e anestesiados com propofol e halotano." Ciência Rural 33, no. 5 (2003): 869–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782003000500012.

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A toracotomia é um procedimento cirúrgico que produz estímulo doloroso intenso. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito cardiovascular da associação tramadol, butorfanol e atropina na medicação pré-anestésica de gatos anestesiados com propofol e halotano. Doze animais, SRD, machos ou fêmeas, com peso médio de 2,7 ± 0,62kg receberam como medicação pré-anestésica (MPA), a associação de tramadol (2,0mg kg-1), butorfanol (0,4mg kg-1) e atropina (0,044mg kg-1), via intramuscular. Trinta minutos após MPA, a indução foi realizada com propofol (5,0mg kg-1) por via intravenosa. A manutenção anesté

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&NA;. "Halothane see Enflurane/halothane/isoflurane." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 351 (1991): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-199103510-00028.

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Marchi, Denis Fabrício, Marco Antônio Trindade, Alexandre Oba, et al. "Sensitivity to halothane and its relationship to the development of PSE (Pale, Soft, Exudative) meat in female lineage broilers." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 52, spe (2009): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132009000700028.

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This work aimed to evaluate female lineage broilers for halothane sensitivity and for their susceptibility to the subsequent development of PSE meat. The halothane test was carried out in an anesthetic chamber with 3.0% halothane. The unconscious birds were examined for leg muscle rigidity. If one or both legs became extended and rigid, the birds were classified as halothane sensitive (HAL+), while unresponsive birds were classified as halothane negative (HAL-). The results showed that of 298 birds aged 42 days old, 95.6% were HAL- and 4.4% were HAL+. A sample of pectoralis major muscle was co

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Antognini, Joseph F., Earl Carstens, and Richard Atherley. "Does the Immobilizing Effect of Thiopental in Brain Exceed That of Halothane?" Anesthesiology 96, no. 4 (2002): 980–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200204000-00028.

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Background Recent studies suggest that anesthetics such as isoflurane act in the spinal cord to suppress movement that occurs during noxious stimulation. The authors examined the effect of halothane and thiopental on suppression of noxious-evoked movement using a model of differential anesthetic delivery. They hypothesized that halothane and thiopental, similar to isoflurane, would suppress movement primarily via an action in spinal cord. Methods Goats were anesthetized and prepared for differential anesthetic delivery. Anesthesia was maintained with halothane (n = 5) or thiopental (n = 5). An

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Mather, Laurence E., Bronwyn L. Fryirs, Colin C. Duke, and Michael J. Cousins. "Lack of Whole-body Pharmacokinetic Differences of Halothane Enantiomers in the Rat." Anesthesiology 92, no. 1 (2000): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200001000-00031.

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Background Halothane is made and used as a racemate (an equimolar mixture of R- and S- enantiomers). This study was initiated to determine whether there were demonstrable enantiomeric differences in the whole-body pharmacokinetics of halothane that might have significance for studies in which racemate is used. Methods Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to halothane vaporized in the atmosphere of a closed constant volume chamber supplied with O2 commensurate with CO2 production. Concentrations of halothane enantiomers were measured by a specific gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Exp

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Aono, Jun, Wasa Ueda, Kikyo Mamiya, Eri Takimoto, and Masanobu Manabe. "Greater Incidence of Delirium during Recovery from Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Preschool Boys." Anesthesiology 87, no. 6 (1997): 1298–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199712000-00006.

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Background In the authors' clinical experience, preschool children are more likely to show delirium after sevoflurane than are older children. Methods Sixty-three preschool boys aged 3-5 yr (classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] physical status I), and 53 school-age boys aged 6-10 yr (ASA physical status I) who underwent minor urologic surgery were randomly assigned to receive either halothane or sevoflurane, thus creating four groups: preschool-halothane (n = 32), preschool-sevoflurane (n = 31), school-halothane (n = 27), and school-sevoflurane (n = 26). Anesthesia was ind

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Farber, Neil E., Enric Samso, John P. Kampine, and William T. Schmeling. "The Effects of Halothane on Cardiovascular Responses in the Neuraxis of Cats." Anesthesiology 82, no. 1 (1995): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199501000-00020.

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Background This study examined the effects of halothane on arterial pressure after central nervous system (CNS) pressor site stimulation in anesthetized cats, cats rendered unconscious by midcollicular transection, and conscious cats. Methods Two anesthetized groups and two nonanesthetized groups were used. Cats were anesthetized with either alpha-chloralose and urethane or pentobarbital. Nonanesthetized groups were cats with midcollicular transections or conscious cats with chronically implanted electrodes. Stimulating electrodes were placed into vasomotor areas of the hypothalamus (HYP), ret

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Stuth, Eckehard A. E., Mirko Krolo, Astrid G. Stucke, et al. "Effects of Halothane on Excitatory Neurotransmission to Medullary Expiratory Neurons in a Decerebrate Dog Model." Anesthesiology 93, no. 6 (2000): 1474–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200012000-00020.

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Background The activity of canine expiratory (E) neurons in the caudal ventral respiratory group is primarily dependent on N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor-mediated excitatory chemodrive inputs and modulated by an inhibitory mechanism mediated via gamma-aminobutyric acidA (GABA(A)) receptors. In an intact canine preparation, halothane depressed the activity of these neurons mainly by reduction in overall glutamatergic excitation. A new decerebrate preparation allows comparison of the effects of halothane on these synaptic mechanisms with an anesthetic-free baseline state. Methods Two s

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Kohro, Shinji, and Michiaki Yamakage. "Direct Inhibitory Mechanisms of Halothane on Human Platelet Aggregation." Anesthesiology 85, no. 1 (1996): 96–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199607000-00014.

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Background Although halothane directly inhibits platelet aggregation, the mechanisms of this effect are still unknown. The current study aimed to clarify the inhibitory mechanisms of halothane on thrombin-induced human platelet aggregation by measuring (1) platelet-surface glycoprotein Ib expression, (2) the concentration of intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) measured simultaneously with aggregation, (3) the concentration of intracellular inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate, and (4) the concentration of intracellular cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate ([cAMP]i). Methods Washed platelet suspensions, o

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Pandit, Jaideep J., Nicky Huskens, Peadar B. O’Donohoe, Philip J. Turner, and Keith J. Buckler. "Competitive Interactions between Halothane and Isoflurane at the Carotid Body and TASK Channels." Anesthesiology 133, no. 5 (2020): 1046–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000003520.

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Background The degree to which different volatile anesthetics depress carotid body hypoxic response relates to their ability to activate TASK potassium channels. Most commonly, volatile anesthetic pairs act additively at their molecular targets. We examined whether this applied to carotid body TASK channels. Methods We studied halothane and isoflurane effects on hypoxia-evoked rise in intracellular calcium (Ca2+i, using the indicator Indo-1) in isolated neonatal rat glomus cells, and TASK single-channel activity (patch clamping) in native glomus cells and HEK293 cell line cells transiently exp

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Yamakage, Michiaki, Shinji Kohro, Takashi Matsuzaki, Hideaki Tsuchida, and Akoyoshi Namiki. "Role of Intracellular Ca2+Stores in the Inhibitory Effect of Halothane on Airway Smooth Muscle Contraction." Anesthesiology 89, no. 1 (1998): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199807000-00023.

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Background Halothane directly inhibits contraction of airway smooth muscle, mainly by decreasing the intracellular concentration of free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i). The role of intracellular Ca2+ stores, sarcoplasmic reticulum, is still unclear. We investigated the role of sarcoplasmic reticulum in the inhibitory effect of halothane on contraction of airway smooth muscle by measuring [Ca2+]i and intracellular concentration of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate ([IP3]i), a second messenger for release of Ca2+ from sarcoplasmic reticulum. Methods [Ca2+]i was monitored by measuring the 500-nm light emission ratio (

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Su, Judy Y., and Anhkiet C. Vo. "Ca2+-Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase II Plays a Major Role in Halothane-induced Dose-dependent Relaxation in the Skinned Pulmonary Artery." Anesthesiology 97, no. 1 (2002): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200207000-00029.

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Background Previously, the authors have shown in Ca(2+)-clamped skinned arterial strips that protein kinase C (PKC) plays a role in 3% halothane- or isoflurane-increased force. PKC in the pulmonary artery and Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the femoral artery have been implicated in isoflurane-induced relaxation. For this study, the authors used clinical concentrations of halothane to examine the role of PKC and CaMKII in the halothane-induced biphasic effect on contraction in skinned pulmonary arterial strips. Methods Rabbit pulmonary arterial strips were mounted on

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Pandit, Jaideep J., Ben Moreau, Simon Donoghue, and Peter A. Robbins. "Effect of Pain and Audiovisual Stimulation on the Depression of Acute Hypoxic Ventilatory Response by Low-dose Halothane in Humans." Anesthesiology 101, no. 6 (2004): 1409–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200412000-00022.

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Background The effects of different low-dose volatile agents in blunting the acute hypoxic ventilatory response (AHVR) are variable. Arousal (due to audiovisual stimulation) may prevent isoflurane-induced blunting of AHVR. The purpose of this study was to assess whether this was also the case for halothane. The authors also assessed the effects of pain on the interaction of halothane and AHVR. Methods Step decreases in end-tidal partial pressure of oxygen using dynamic end-tidal forcing were performed from normoxia to hypoxia (50 mmHg) in 10 healthy volunteers, with end-tidal partial pressure

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Zunini, Graciela S., Sheldon H. Roth, and Gregory E. Lucier. "The inhibitory effect of halothane on the emetic response in the ferret." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 68, no. 3 (1990): 374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y90-052.

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Emesis and nausea are often associated with anaesthesia and continue to be a common clinical problem. Past clinical studies have demonstrated that halothane produces a higher incidence of vomiting compared with other anaesthetics, but some investigators have described an antiemetic effect. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of various doses of halothane on the emetic response in the decerebrate ferret. Following a control emetic response, a maximum of six increasing cumulative concentrations of halothane were delivered. At the end of each delivery period, the supradiaphra

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Maeda, Hiroshi, Hiroshi Iranami, Manabu Yamamoto та ін. "Halothane but Not Isoflurane Attenuates Interleukin 1β– induced Nitric Oxide Synthase in Vascular Smooth Muscle". Anesthesiology 95, № 2 (2001): 492–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200108000-00035.

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Background Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is induced by endotoxin or cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1, through a protein synthesis pathway. Halothane reportedly inhibits protein synthesis in various tissues. The aim of the current study was to examine the effect of halothane on the IL-1beta-evoked induction of NOS in vascular smooth muscle. Methods After removal of the endothelium, arterial rings of rat aorta were mounted in an isometric force recording system. The effects of halothane (1.0-3.0%) or isoflurane (3.0%) on IL-1beta (20 ng/ml)-induced inhibition of the contractile res

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Johansson, Jonas S., Roderic G. Eckenhoff, and P. Leslie Dutton. "Binding of Halothane to Serum Albumin Demonstrated Using Tryptophan Fluorescence." Anesthesiology 83, no. 2 (1995): 316–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199508000-00012.

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Background The site of action of general anesthesia remains controversial, but evidence in favor of specific protein target(s) is accumulating. Saturable binding of halothane to bovine serum albumin (BSA) has recently been reported using photoaffinity labeling and fluorine 19 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We report a new approach to study anesthetic binding to soluble proteins, based on native tryptophan fluorescence. Methods Thymol-free halothane and fatty acid-free BSA were equilibrated in gas-tight Hamilton syringes and dispensed into stoppered quartz cuvettes at predetermined di

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Boyle, W. A., and G. M. Maher. "Endothelium-independent Vasoconstricting and Vasodilating Actions of Halothane on Rat Mesenteric Resistance Blood Vessels." Anesthesiology 82, no. 1 (1995): 221–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199501000-00027.

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Background Whether volatile anesthetics produce changes in vascular resistance and blood flow because of direct effects on vascular tissue is unclear. Direct vasoconstricting and vasodilating actions have been demonstrated in isolated conductance arteries in vitro, but there is little information regarding direct effects on the small vessels that mediate resistance and flow changes in vivo. Methods We investigated the actions of halothane on 50-200 microM branches of the rat mesenteric artery that were cannulated and studied in vitro. The vessels were pressurized to 60 mmHg, and vascular dimen

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Nishikawa, Koh-ichi, and Yoshiaki Kidokoro. "Halothane Presynaptically Depresses Synaptic Transmission in Wild-type Drosophila Larvae But Not in Halothane-resistant (har) Mutants." Anesthesiology 90, no. 6 (1999): 1691–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199906000-00026.

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Background General anesthetics produce important changes in neural function, but the relation between the many individual changes produced by anesthetics in neural components and the responsiveness of the whole organism is uncertain. An analysis of genetically altered animals that have modified responses to volatile anesthetics may help to allay this uncertainty. Methods The authors evaluated the effect of halothane on synaptic transmission at the larval neuromuscular junction in wild-type (Ore-R) and halothane-resistant (har) mutants of Drosophila melanogaster. The body wall muscles, which ar

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Wadud, MM A., AK Khan, Md A. Hasanat, MA Samad, Md M. Islam, and AKM Akhtaruzzaman. "Induction characteristic of general anaesthesia in children- a comparative study between sevoflurane and halothane." Journal of the Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists 24, no. 1 (2014): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsa.v24i1.19794.

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Background Inhalational induction of anaesthesia remains of fundamental technique in paediatric anaesthesia. Halothane used most frequently for inhalational induction in children. Halothane is not an ideal induction agent because of its potential to cause bradycardia, hypotension and ventricular ectopy. The pleasant nonpungent order of sevoflurane, faster induction of anaesthesia and stable vital signs during induction suggest that it may be a suitable alternative to halothane for use in paediatric anaesthesia. Objectives The aim of study is to compare the induction time and haemodynamic respo

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Chelly, Jacques E., Marie-Francoise Doursoot, Thierry Lechevalier, et al. "Cardiac and Regional Hemodynamic Interactions between Halothane and Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity in Dogs." Anesthesiology 85, no. 1 (1996): 142–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199607000-00020.

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Background In vitro, halothane appears to affect the role played by nitric oxide in the regulation of vascular tone and cardiac function. In vivo, the results of the interactions between halothane and the nitric oxide pathway remain controversial. The authors investigated the effects of halothane on the cardiac and regional hemodynamic properties of N-methyl-L-arginine (NMA), a specific nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, in dogs. Methods Twenty-five dogs were chronically instrumented. Aortic pressure, the first derivative of left ventricular pressure, cardiac output, heart rate, and carotid, cor

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Hanouz, Jean-Luc, Bruno MD Riou, Laurent Massias, Yves Lecarpentier та Pierre Coriat. "Interaction of Halothane with α- and β-Adrenoceptor Stimulations in Rat Myocardium". Anesthesiology 86, № 1 (1997): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199701000-00019.

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Background Halothane induces negative inotropic and lusitropic effects in myocardium. It has been suggested that halothane potentiates beta-adrenoceptor stimulation. However, its effects on the inotropic response to alpha-adrenoceptor stimulation and its effects on the lusitropic effects of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor stimulation are unknown. Methods The effects of halothane (0.5 and 1 minimum alveolar concentration [MAC]) on the inotropic responses induced by phenylephrine (10(-8) to 10(-4) M) and isoproterenol (10(-8) to 10(-4) M) were studied in rat left ventricular papillary muscles in vi

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Su, Judy Y., and Luo-Jia Tang. "Effects of Halothane on the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+Stores and Contractile Proteins in Rabbit Pulmonary Arteries." Anesthesiology 88, no. 4 (1998): 1096–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199804000-00031.

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Background The authors' purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms of direct effects of halothane on the contractile proteins and Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores using isolated skinned strips (sarcolemma permealized with saponin) from rabbit pulmonary arteries. Methods The sarcoplasmic reticular Ca2+ stores were examined by immersing the skinned strips sequentially in solutions to load Ca2+ into and release Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum using caffeine, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, or halothane. The contractile proteins were assessed by activating the

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Bull, R., and J. J. Marengo. "Calcium-dependent halothane activation of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium channels from frog skeletal muscle." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 266, no. 2 (1994): C391—C396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1994.266.2.c391.

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The effect of halothane on calcium channels present in sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes isolated from frog skeletal muscle was studied at the single channel level after fusing the isolated vesicles into planar lipid bilayers. Addition of 91 microM halothane to the cytosolic compartment containing 1 microM free calcium activated the channel by increasing fractional open time from 0.11 to 0.59, without changing the channel conductance. The activation of the channels by halothane was calcium dependent. At resting calcium concentrations in the cytosolic compartment, halothane failed to activate th

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Kai, Tetsuya, Keith A. Jones, and David O. Warner. "Halothane Attenuates Calcium Sensitization in Airway Smooth Muscle by Inhibiting G-proteins." Anesthesiology 89, no. 6 (1998): 1543–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199812000-00034.

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Background Halothane directly relaxes airway smooth muscle partly by decreasing the Ca2+ sensitivity. In smooth muscle, receptor stimulation is thought to increase Ca2+ sensitivity via a cascade of heterotrimeric and small monomeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins). Whether this model is applicable in the airway and where halothane acts in this pathway were investigated. Methods A beta-escin-permeabilized canine tracheal smooth muscle preparation was used. Exoenzyme C3 of Clostridium botulinum, which inactivates Rho monomeric G-proteins, was used to evaluate the involvement of

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Raines, Douglas E., and Katie B. McClure. "Halothane Interactions with Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Membranes." Anesthesiology 86, no. 2 (1997): 476–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199702000-00023.

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Background Although it has been suggested that anesthetics alter protein conformational states by binding to nonpolar sites within the interior regions of proteins, the rate and extent to which anesthetics penetrate membrane proteins has not been characterized. The authors report the use of steady-state and stopped-flow spectroscopy to characterize the interactions of halothane with receptor membranes. Methods Steady-state and stopped-flow fluorescence spectroscopy was used to characterize halothane quenching of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAcChoR)-rich membrane intrinsic fluorescence an

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Santos, M., J. A. Ibancovichi, I. Millán та F. J. Tendillo. "Isoflurane but not halothane minimum alveolar concentration-sparing response of dexmedetomidine is enhanced in rats chronically treated with selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist". Laboratory Animals 46, № 3 (2012): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/la.2012.011096.

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Halothane minimum alveolar concentration (MAC)-sparing response is preserved in rats rendered tolerant to the action of dexmedetomidine. It has been shown that halothane and isoflurane act at different sites to produce immobility. The authors studied whether there was any difference between halothane and isoflurane MAC-sparing effects of dexmedetomidine in rats after chronic administration of a low dose of this drug. Twenty-four female Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups of six animals: two groups received 10 μg/kg intraperitoneal dexmedetomidine for five days (treated groups)

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Holzman, Robert S., Mary E. van der Velde, Sarah J. Kaus, et al. "Sevoflurane Depresses Myocardial Contractility Less than Halothane during Induction of Anesthesia in Children." Anesthesiology 85, no. 6 (1996): 1260–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199612000-00006.

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Background Cardiovascular stability is an important prerequisite for any new volatile anesthetic. We compared echocardiographically derived indices of myocardial contractility during inhalation induction with sevoflurane and halothane in children. Methods Twenty children were randomized to receive either halothane or sevoflurane for inhalation induction of anesthesia. No preoperative medications were given. Myocardial contractility was evaluated at baseline and at sevoflurane and halothane end-tidal concentrations of 1.0 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) and 1.5 MAC. Results There were no d

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Chen, B. B., D. P. Nyhan, D. M. Fehr, H. M. Goll, and P. A. Murray. "Halothane anesthesia causes active flow-independent pulmonary vasoconstriction." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 259, no. 1 (1990): H74—H83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1990.259.1.h74.

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We utilized multipoint pulmonary vascular pressure-flow (P/Q) plots to investigate the effects of halothane anesthesia on the pulmonary circulation. Our first objective was to assess the extent to which the P/Q relationship measured in conscious dogs is altered during halothane anesthesia. P/Q plots were constructed by stepwise constriction of the thoracic inferior vena cava to decrease venous return and Q. Compared with conscious dogs, halothane (approximately 1.2% end-tidal) resulted in active, flow-independent pulmonary vasoconstriction (P less than 0.01) at all levels of Q. Halothane also

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Gallant, E. M., J. R. Mickelson, B. D. Roggow, S. K. Donaldson, C. F. Louis, and W. E. Rempel. "Halothane-sensitivity gene and muscle contractile properties in malignant hyperthermia." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 257, no. 4 (1989): C781—C786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1989.257.4.c781.

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Malignant hyperthermia (MH) results from the presence of the halothane-sensitivity gene and is characterized by abnormalities in muscle function. Populations of genetically defined pigs were used to determine the in vivo and in vitro expression of this gene in both the homozygous and the heterozygous condition. On exposure to halothane, isolated muscle bundles from the homozygous halothane-sensitive pigs exhibited decreased tetanus tension and increased tetanus half-relaxation time and contracture and were clearly distinguished from homozygous normal muscles. The heterozygous and homozygous no

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Ide, Tohru, Yasuyoshi Sakurai, Mitsuo Aono, and Takashi Nishino. "Contribution of Peripheral Chemoreception to the Depression of the Hypoxic Ventilatory Response during Halothane Anesthesia in Cats." Anesthesiology 90, no. 4 (1999): 1084–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199904000-00023.

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Background The effects of inhalational anesthetics on the hypoxic ventilatory response are complex. This study was designed to determine the contribution of peripheral chemoreception to the depression of hypoxic ventilatory response seen with halothane anesthesia. Methods Cats were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium and alpha-chloralose and artificially ventilated. Respiratory output was evaluated by phasic inspiratory activity of the phrenic nerve. In 12 cats, this activity was measured during inhalation of an hypoxic gas mixture with halothane, 0, 0.1, and 0.8%, with intact or denervated

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