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1

Barker, Amanda M., Douglas H. Adams, William B. Driggers, Bryan S. Frazier, and David S. Portnoy. "Hybridization between sympatric hammerhead sharks in the western North Atlantic Ocean." Biology Letters 15, no. 4 (2019): 20190004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2019.0004.

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Hybridization between closely related species has been documented across a wide range of taxa but has not been well studied in elasmobranchs. Hammerhead sharks have drawn global conservation concern because they experience some of the highest mortality rates among sharks when interacting with fisheries. Here we report on the detection of hybrids between the globally distributed scalloped hammerhead ( Sphyrna lewini ) and recently described Carolina hammerhead ( S. gilberti ) which are only known from the western Atlantic Ocean. Using a genomics approach, 10 first-generation hybrids and 15–17 b
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2

Alaudin, Alaudin, Jaliadi Jaliadi, and Burhanis Burhanis. "SEBARAN UKURAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN HIU MARTIL (BY CATCH) YANG DIDARATKAN DI PANGKALAN PENDARATAN IKAN (PPI) UJONG BAROH MEULABOH." JURNAL PERIKANAN TROPIS 8, no. 1 (2021): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.35308/jpt.v8i1.2595.

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Hammerhead shark is a type of predator shark belongs to the family of Sphyrnidae. This shark is so aggressive in hunting prey such as fish, squid, and shrimp. The hammerhead shark in Indonesia is included in Appendix II of CITES and has been a special concern in the field of capture fisheries. The aim of the study was to see the size spread, the number of catches, the first size caught, the age growth and the genital ratio of the hammerhead sharks caught with the base fish net. The study was conducted from October to December 2019. The shark measurement was performed once in 2 weeks. Sharks ca
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3

Bahri, S., N. Hikmah, and N. Fadli. "Relationship analysis of Scalloped Hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini) from West Aceh Waters using molecular genetics approach." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1137, no. 1 (2023): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1137/1/012016.

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Abstract Hammerhead sharks are particularly vulnerable to fishing because of their slow growth rate and reproductive constraints. This type of sharks needs special attention due to its conservation status. This research was aimed to describe the relationships of the hammerhead sharks from West Aceh waters with the hammerhead sharks from other places. Samples of the shark were collected from Ujong Baroh Fish Port, West Aceh. The samples were analysed at the Laboratory of Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, Syiah Kuala University. The laboratory activity was started with extraction of DN
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4

Anna, Zuzy, Purna Hindayani, Asep Agus Handaka Suryana, Yudi Nurul Ihsan, and Asia Salsabila. "Sustainability Study of Scalloped Hammerhead Shark (Sphyrna lewini) in Indramayu Waters." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (2020): 10459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410459.

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Hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini) population decline is a global problem experienced by various ocean basins worldwide, including Indramayu waters. As the regency known by its fishery barn that supplies 65% of captured fisheries in West Java, Indonesia, illegal fishing practices towards this protected species is inevitable. In 2017, 2869 tons of sharks were landed in Indramayu with the production value of IDR 44.01 billion, which hammerhead shark catch reaches 268 tons. This research aimed to observe the sustainability of hammerhead shark in Indramayu waters using a bio-economic model of Gordo
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5

Piercy, Andrew N., John K. Carlson, and Michelle S. Passerotti. "Age and growth of the great hammerhead shark, Sphyrna mokarran, in the north-western Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico." Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 9 (2010): 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf09227.

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The great hammerhead shark, Sphyrna mokarran, is a cosmopolitan species that is caught in a variety of fisheries throughout much of its range. The apparent decline of great hammerhead shark populations has reinforced the need for accurate biological data to enhance fishery management plans. To this end, age and growth estimates for the great hammerhead were determined from sharks (n = 216) ranging in size from 54- to 315-cm fork length (FL), captured in the Gulf of Mexico and north-western Atlantic Ocean. Growth curves were fitted using multiple models and evaluated using Akaike’s information
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6

Kajiura, Stephen M., and Kim N. Holland. "Electroreception in juvenile scalloped hammerhead and sandbar sharks." Journal of Experimental Biology 205, no. 23 (2002): 3609–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.205.23.3609.

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SUMMARY The unique head morphology of sphyrnid sharks might have evolved to enhance electrosensory capabilities. The `enhanced electroreception' hypothesis was tested by comparing the behavioral responses of similarly sized carcharhinid and sphyrnid sharks to prey-simulating electric stimuli. Juvenile scalloped hammerhead sharks Sphyrna lewini and sandbar sharks Carcharhinus plumbeus oriented to dipole electric fields from the same maximum distance (approximately 30 cm) and thus demonstrated comparable behavioral-response thresholds (<1 nV cm-1). Despite the similarity of response thres
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7

Marcotte, Megan M., and Christopher G. Lowe. "Behavioral Responses of Two Species of Sharks to Pulsed, Direct Current Electrical Fields: Testing a Potential Shark Deterrent." Marine Technology Society Journal 42, no. 2 (2008): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533208786829133.

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To describe and contrast the behavioral responses of two species of sharks to an electrical deterrent, sharks were baited to a food odor source within a strong pulsed, direct current electrical field. A head twitch behavior was elicited in scalloped hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini) and leopard sharks (Triakis semifasciata) at mean voltage gradient thresholds of 4.16 ± 0.59 V/m (X ± SD) and 4.30 ± 0.78 V/m, respectively, and did not differ significantly. A shimmy behavioral response was elicited in some hammerhead sharks at a mean threshold of 5.54 ± 1.55 V/m. A retreat behavioral response occurred
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8

Taylor, Stephen, Wayne Sumpton, and Tony Ham. "Fine-scale spatial and seasonal partitioning among large sharks and other elasmobranchs in south-eastern Queensland, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 62, no. 6 (2011): 638. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf10154.

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Our understanding of the ecological role of larger elasmobranchs is limited by a lack of information on their spatial and seasonal abundance. Analysis of 14 years of gill-net catch data in south-eastern Queensland, Australia, revealed that the species composition of large sharks and other elasmobranchs significantly differed among beaches and seasons. Spinner sharks (Carcharhinus brevipinna) and hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna spp.) comprised nearly half the catch of all elasmobranchs. Although the distribution of these sharks overlapped, spatial variation existed in their abundance. Spinner sharks
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9

Lowe, Christopher, and Gwen Goodman-Lowe. "Suntanning in hammerhead sharks." Nature 383, no. 6602 (1996): 677. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/383677a0.

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10

Bezerra, Natalia P. A., Bruno C. L. Macena, Paulo Travassos, Pedro Afonso, and Fábio H. V. Hazin. "Evidence of site fidelity and deep diving behaviour of scalloped hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini) around the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, in the equatorial Mid-Atlantic ridge." Marine and Freshwater Research 71, no. 6 (2020): 708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf19029.

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Seven scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini) were satellite tagged around the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago (SPSPA), located at the equatorial Mid-Atlantic ridge, to investigate their vertical and horizontal movements. All sharks remained in the surroundings of the SPSPA over the course of the 120-day monitoring period, suggesting a high degree of medium-term site fidelity. During this period, scalloped hammerhead sharks covered a wide extension of the water column, ranging from the mixed layer to the mesopelagic zone. All sharks remained in warm (>22°C) shallow layers mo
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11

Bezerra, Natalia P. A., Bruno C. L. Macena, Paulo Travassos, Pedro Afonso, and Fábio H. V. Hazin. "Corrigendum to: Evidence of site fidelity and deep diving behaviour of scalloped hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini) around the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, in the equatorial Mid-Atlantic ridge." Marine and Freshwater Research 71, no. 6 (2020): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf19029_co.

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Seven scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini) were satellite tagged around the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago (SPSPA), located at the equatorial Mid-Atlantic ridge, to investigate their vertical and horizontal movements. All sharks remained in the surroundings of the SPSPA over the course of the 120-day monitoring period, suggesting a high degree of medium-term site fidelity. During this period, scalloped hammerhead sharks covered a wide extension of the water column, ranging from the mixed layer to the mesopelagic zone. All sharks remained in warm (>22°C) shallow layers mo
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12

Dharmadi, Dharmadi, Mahiswara Mahiswara, and Kamaluddin Kasim. "CATCH COMPOSITION AND SOME BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SHARKS IN WESTERN SUMATERA WATERS OF INDONESIA." Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal 22, no. 2 (2017): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ifrj.22.2.2016.99-108.

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This study was conducted in western Sumatera and since October 2013 to June 2014. The sampling locations in Banda Aceh and Sibolga-North Sumatera which were the largest base of fisheries in western Sumatera region. Shark landing recorded by enumerators was used as sampling data daily . This research aim to describ sex ratio, size composition, catch composition of sharks, and length at first maturity. In Banda Aceh, the sharks as target fish collected by sorting the bycatch from tuna longlines and tuna handlines. In Sibolga, sharks is bycatch from fish net, bottom gillnet and purse seine. Overa
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13

Hsu, Hua Hsun, Zahid Nazeer, Premlal Panickan, et al. "Stomach Content Analysis for Juvenile Great Hammerhead Sharks Sphyrna mokarran (Rüppell, 1837) from the Arabian Gulf." Fishes 7, no. 6 (2022): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060359.

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The stomach contents of 30 male and 43 female (age < 3 years; 74–236 cm total length) juvenile great hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna mokarran (Rüppell, 1837)) obtained from commercial fisheries operating in Saudi Arabian waters of the Arabian Gulf were analyzed for the first time. After exclusion of parasites and abiotics, a total of 31 prey items, including the remains of cephalopods, fish, crustaceans, and bivalve mollusks, were identified in the stomachs of 59 great hammerheads. Based on the index of relative importance, teleosts were their main prey, and Platycephalus indicus (Linnaeus, 1758
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14

Moravec, F., KM Dalrymple, AS Galloway, AM Barker, and I. de Buron. "First record of Piscicapillaria bursata (Nematoda: Capillariidae), a parasite of hammerhead sharks Sphyrna spp., in the western Atlantic Ocean." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 138 (March 12, 2020): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao03458.

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Examination of 32 spiral valves from neonate specimens of hammerhead shark Sphyrna spp. (Carcharhiniformes: Sphyrnidae) captured between June and August 2018 off the Atlantic coast of South Carolina, USA, revealed the presence of the capillariid nematode Piscicapillaria bursata (Capillariidae) in the Carolina hammerhead S. gilberti, the scalloped hammerhead S. lewini, and their hybrids. This is the second find of this parasite originally described from hammerhead sharks off Australia, its first record from the western Atlantic Ocean, and its first record in a new host species and in hybrids.
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15

Chapman, Demian D., Mahmood S. Shivji, Ed Louis, Julie Sommer, Hugh Fletcher, and Paulo A. Prodöhl. "Virgin birth in a hammerhead shark." Biology Letters 3, no. 4 (2007): 425–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2007.0189.

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Parthenogenesis has been documented in all major jawed vertebrate lineages except mammals and cartilaginous fishes (class Chondrichthyes: sharks, batoids and chimeras). Reports of captive female sharks giving birth despite being held in the extended absence of males have generally been ascribed to prior matings coupled with long-term sperm storage by the females. Here, we provide the first genetic evidence for chondrichthyan parthenogenesis, involving a hammerhead shark ( Sphyrna tiburo ). This finding also broadens the known occurrence of a specific type of asexual development (automictic par
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16

ALGHOZALI, FAQIH AKBAR, DIAH PERMATA WIJAYANTI, and AGUS SABDONO. "Short Communication: Genetic diversity of scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini) landed in Muncar Fishing Port, Banyuwangi." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 20, no. 4 (2019): 1154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200430.

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Abstract. Alghozali FA, Wijayanti DP, Sabdono A. 2019. Short Communication: Genetic diversity of scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini) landed in Muncar Fishing Port, Banyuwangi. Biodiversitas 20: 1154-1159. The majority of sharks caught in Indonesian fisheries were bycatch products from the tuna longline fisheries, but some regions in Indonesia fish the sharks as their main target. One of these regions is located in Muncar, Banyuwangi, which fishes the endangered Scalloped Hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini) as target species. This research aimed to study the genetic diversity of the end
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17

Lowe, C. "Kinematics and critical swimming speed of juvenile scalloped hammerhead sharks." Journal of Experimental Biology 199, no. 12 (1996): 2605–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.199.12.2605.

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Kinematics and critical swimming speed (Ucrit) of juvenile scalloped hammerhead sharks Sphyrna lewini were measured in a Brett-type flume (635 l). Kinematic parameters were also measured in sharks swimming in a large pond for comparison with those of sharks swimming in the flume. Sharks in the flume exhibited a mean Ucrit of 65±11 cm s-1 (± s.d.) or 1.17±0.21 body lengths per second (L s-1), which are similar to values for other species of sharks. In both the flume and pond, tailbeat frequency (TBF) and stride length (LS) increased linearly with increases in re
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18

Pepperell, JG. "Trends in the distribution, species composition and size of sharks caught by Gamefish Anglers off South-eastern Australia, 1961-90." Marine and Freshwater Research 43, no. 1 (1992): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9920213.

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Records of shark captures were extracted from the archives of 10 of the major New South Wales gamefishing clubs that operate from ports located between latitudes 33�s and 37�s. Although organized game fishing began off eastern Australia in 1936, the majority of catches were made after 1960. Data normally recorded by these clubs included common name of shark, whole weight, locality of capture, boat name and angler. Recognized single species of sharks recorded by these clubs were blue (Prionace glauca), tiger (Galeocerdo cuvier), white (Carcharodon carcharias), shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus)
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19

Galindo, E., A. Giraldo, and AF Navia. "Feeding habits and trophic interactions of four sympatric hammerhead shark species reveal trophic niche partitioning." Marine Ecology Progress Series 665 (April 29, 2021): 159–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13681.

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Knowledge of the ecological roles of species within food webs and how their trophic interactions affect food web structure is critical to model management and conservation scenarios for species that are suffering high levels of anthropogenic pressure, such as hammerhead sharks. In this paper, we analyze the diet and trophic relationships of 4 sympatric hammerhead shark species using a combination of stomach content and stable isotope analyses. These species showed trophic similarities by sex and trophic dissimilarities by maturity stage. We found that the trophic niche of hammerhead species te
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20

McComb, D. M., T. C. Tricas, and S. M. Kajiura. "Enhanced visual fields in hammerhead sharks." Journal of Experimental Biology 212, no. 24 (2009): 4010–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.032615.

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21

Chodrijah, Umi, and Bram Setyadji. "SOME BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SCALLOPED HAMMERHEAD SHARKS (Sphyrna lewini Griffith & Smith, 1834) CAUGHT FROM COASTAL FISHERIES IN THE EASTERN INDIAN OCEAN." Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal 21, no. 2 (2015): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ifrj.21.2.2015.91-97.

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Indonesia has the largest chondrichthyan fishery in the world, with a reported of 105,000 and 118,000 tonnes landed in 2002 and 2003 respectively. Scalloped hammerhead shark was either targeted or by-catch from this fishery, mostly for its fins. Despite of the growing concern around the world, the availability of biological data of this species, especially in the Eastern Indian Ocean is still lacking. The objectives of this paper are to present some biological information (size composition and sex ratio) of the scalloped hammerhead, from coastal fisheries in Eastern Indian Ocean. The data used
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22

Hsu, Hua Hsun, Zahid Muhammed Nazeer, Yu Jia Lin, et al. "Biological aspects of juvenile great hammerhead sharks Sphyrna mokarran from the Arabian Gulf." Marine and Freshwater Research 72, no. 1 (2021): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf19368.

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The life history of the critically endangered great hammerhead Sphyrna mokarran was examined using samples collected from commercial fisheries operating in Saudi Arabian waters of the Arabian Gulf. In all, 105 specimens (47 males, 58 females), with a total length (TL) ranging from 67.0 to 236.0cm, were examined between April 2016 and November 2019. All individuals were immature. A neonate measuring 67.0cm TL caught in early June suggested the parturition period of this species was during May and June. Vertebrae under the first dorsal fin from 69 individuals (30 males, 39 females) were processe
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23

Wongsopatty, Karto, Luky Adrianto, Zairion Zairion, Irfan Yulianto, Hollie Booth, and Andi Zulfikar. "Contingent Valuation in Measuring Fishermen’s Willingness to Pay for the Conservation of Hammerhead Shark (Sphyrna spp) Resources in Tanjung Luar, East Lombok." Economic and Social of Fisheries and Marine Journal 010, no. 01 (2022): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.ecsofim.2022.010.01.08.

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The hammerhead shark has high economic value, but its population is highly threatened due to its high exploitation. This study aims to calculate the level of preference of shark fishermen on the value of willingness to pay for the conservation of hammerhead shark resources. This research was conducted from November to December 2020 in Tanjung Luar Village, East Lombok Regency. The method used is observation and in-depth interviews with a sample of 150 shark fishermen. The analysis used is binary logit regression analysis using the R studio 4.1.2 tool. The results of this study indicate that (1
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24

Liu, Kwang-Ming, Lung-Hsin Huang, Kuan-Yu Su, and Shoou-Jeng Joung. "Vulnerability Assessment of Pelagic Sharks in the Western North Pacific by Using an Integrated Ecological Risk Assessment." Animals 11, no. 8 (2021): 2161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11082161.

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The vulnerability of 11 pelagic shark species caught by the Taiwanese coastal and offshore longline fisheries in the western North Pacific were assessed by an ecological risk assessment (ERA) and 10 of the 11 species was assessed by using an integrated ERA developed in this study. The intrinsic rate of population growth was used to estimate the productivity of sharks, and the susceptibility of sharks was estimated by the multiplication of the catchability, selectivity, and post-capture mortality. Three indices namely, the IUCN Red List category, the body weight variation trend, and the inflect
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25

Bramasta, Rizaldi Cahya, Elok Faiqoh, I. Gede Hendrawan, Andrianus Sembiring, and Ni Luh Astria Yusmalinda. "Identifikasi Hiu yang Diperdagangkan di Bali Menggunakan Metode DNA Barcoding dan Analisis Filogenetik." Journal of Marine and Aquatic Sciences 7, no. 1 (2021): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jmas.2021.v07.i01.p12.

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Sharks are one of the keys for ecosystems balance in the ocean. Sharks as top predators have an important role to maintain the stability of the food chain in the ocean. The loss of sharks will have a major impact on the marine ecosystem, so the presence of sharks in the ocean must be protected from extinction. However, there are some activities such as sharks hunting and trading going on because of the high demand of sharks processed products. Bali is one of the locations of shark fishing and trading activities. The problem is the trade-in sharks have gone through the finning process, leaving
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26

Febrianti, Isrina, Rini Puspitaningrum, and Rusdi Rusdi. "IDENTIFIKASI FRAGMEN DNA MIOGLOBIN SEPANJANG 114PB PADA BEBERAPA JENIS HEWAN LAUT YANG MAMPU HIDUP PADA ZONA MINIMUM OKSIGEN." BIOMA 11, no. 2 (2017): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/bioma11(2).9.

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 Myoglobin is a hemoprotein that contributes to intracellular oxygen storage and facilitates diffusion oxygen into mitochondria. Myoglobin production will increase as low levels of environmental oxygen called hypoxia. When oxygen in tissue is low, the body will respond by forming myoglobin in some tissues, such as muscle tissue. The aims of this study was to detect DNA fragments of myoglobin along 114pb in muscle tissue of marine animals are capable to live in the oxygen minimum zone, such as the green turtle, mackerel tuna and hammerhead sharks. The oxygen minimum zone is zone o
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27

RASALATO, ERONI, VICTOR MAGINNITY, and JUERG M. BRUNNSCHWEILER. "Using local ecological knowledge to identify shark river habitats in Fiji (South Pacific)." Environmental Conservation 37, no. 1 (2010): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892910000317.

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SUMMARYLocal ecological knowledge (LEK) and traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) have the potential to improve community-based coastal resource management (CBCRM) by providing information about the presence, behaviour and ecology of species. This paper explores the potential of LEK and TEK to identify shark river habitats in Fiji, learn how locals regard and use sharks, and capture ancestral legends and myths that shed light on relationships between these animals and local people. Interviews with representatives from 22 villages, communities and fishing settlements associated with seven rive
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28

Holland, KN, CG Lowe, JD Peterson, and A. Gill. "Tracking Coastal Sharks with small boats: Hammerhead Shark Pups as a case study." Marine and Freshwater Research 43, no. 1 (1992): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9920061.

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Acoustic telemetry techniques have been adapted for use with small boats to facilitate tracking of nearshore reef species. In addition to permitting tracking in areas where manoeuvrability and quick responses are required, the system has modest operating costs that make tracking experiments a viable option for a wide range of researchers. Tracking and communication equipment can be powered for several days by a single 12-V 8D truck battery. Current topics in shark biology that are amenable to these tracking techniques are discussed. For instance, hammerhead pups have been tracked on their nata
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29

Monteforte, Kim I. P., Paul A. Butcher, Stephen G. Morris, and Brendan P. Kelaher. "The Relative Abundance and Occurrence of Sharks off Ocean Beaches of New South Wales, Australia." Biology 11, no. 10 (2022): 1456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11101456.

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There is still limited information about the diversity, distribution, and abundance of sharks in and around the surf zones of ocean beaches. We used long-term and large-scale drone surveying techniques to test hypotheses about the relative abundance and occurrence of sharks off ocean beaches of New South Wales, Australia. We quantified sharks in 36,384 drone flights across 42 ocean beaches from 2017 to 2021. Overall, there were 347 chondrichthyans recorded, comprising 281 (81.0%) sharks, with observations occurring in <1% of flights. Whaler sharks (Carcharhinus spp.) had the highest number
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30

Jerome, J. M., A. J. Gallagher, S. J. Cooke, and N. Hammerschlag. "Integrating reflexes with physiological measures to evaluate coastal shark stress response to capture." ICES Journal of Marine Science 75, no. 2 (2017): 796–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx191.

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Abstract In both commercial and recreational fisheries, sharks are captured and released alive to comply with regulations or due to low economic value or voluntary conservation ethic. As a result, understanding the physiological and behavioural responses of sharks to capture stress is important for determining subsequent effects of fisheries interactions on a species-specific basis, as well as for identifying factors that influence mortality. Here, we employed a suite of conventional blood physiology endpoints (glucose, lactate, and haematocrit) integrated with assessments of reflex impairment
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31

Sentosa, Agus Arifin, Dharmadi Dharmadi, and Didik Wahju Hendro Tjahjo. "PARAMETER POPULASI HIU MARTIL (Sphyrna lewini Griffith & Smith, 1834) DI PERAIRAN SELATAN NUSA TENGGARA." Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia 22, no. 4 (2017): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.22.4.2016.253-262.

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Hiu martil (Sphyrna lewini Griffith & Smith, 1834) merupakan salah satu target tangkapan bagi perikanan artisanal di Indonesia. Dengan status konservasi masuk dalam Appendix II CITES, pengelolaan terhadap hiu martil telah menjadi perhatian khusus di bidang perikanan tangkap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji beberapa aspek parameter populasi hiu martil yang tertangkap di perairan selatan Nusa Tenggara pada periode Januari – Desember 2015. Data ukuran panjang dan jenis kelamin diperoleh di Tempat Pendaratan Ikan Tanjung Luar, Lombok Timur, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Analisis dilakukan secar
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32

Braccini, Matias, Brett Molony, and Nick Blay. "Patterns in abundance and size of sharks in northwestern Australia: cause for optimism." ICES Journal of Marine Science 77, no. 1 (2019): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz187.

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Abstract Reliable information for population assessments is rare for sharks. We quantified patterns in catch rates and mean size for numerous tropical and subtropical species from 15 years of fishery-independent surveys (2002–2017) in northwestern Australia. This study region represents an area of ~0.8 million km2 which was closed to commercial shark fishing from 1993 or 2005 onward due to the very high State-wide catches of sandbar (Carcharhinus plumbeus) and dusky (Carcharhinus obscurus) sharks. A total of 43 shark and ray species were sampled, with sandbar shark being the most commonly caug
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33

MOORE, ALEC B. M., ROBERT D. WARD, and RICHARD PEIRCE. "Sharks of the Persian (Arabian) Gulf: a first annotated checklist (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii)." Zootaxa 3167, no. 1 (2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3167.1.1.

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The first evidence-based checklist of sharks of the Persian (Arabian) Gulf is presented based on appraisal of primary lit-erature and new data, including identifications verified by COI barcoding. Evidence of the occurrence of 26 species in theGulf is presented, and the possible presence of a further 17 species is discussed. Carcharhinidae is the most species-richfamily (16 species) present. The first substantiated Gulf records of the spinner shark Carcharhinus brevipinna, blacktipreef shark C. melanopterus¸ and scalloped hammerhead Sphyrna lewini are provided, along with a new record of the r
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34

Jennings, Randy D. "Seasonal Abundance of Hammerhead Sharks off Cape Canaveral, Florida." Copeia 1985, no. 1 (1985): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1444814.

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35

Kajiura, Stephen M., and Timothy P. Fitzgerald. "Response of juvenile scalloped hammerhead sharks to electric stimuli." Zoology 112, no. 4 (2009): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.zool.2008.07.001.

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36

Lowe, C. "Metabolic rates of juvenile scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini)." Marine Biology 139, no. 3 (2001): 447–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270100585.

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37

Mara, Kyle R., Philip J. Motta, Andrew P. Martin, and Robert E. Hueter. "Constructional morphology within the head of hammerhead sharks (sphyrnidae)." Journal of Morphology 276, no. 5 (2015): 526–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.20362.

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38

Kotas, JE, V. Mastrochirico, and M. Petrere Junior. "Age and growth of the Scalloped Hammerhead shark, Sphyrna lewini (Griffith and Smith, 1834), from the southern Brazilian coast." Brazilian Journal of Biology 71, no. 3 (2011): 755–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842011000400022.

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Age and growth studies for the scalloped hammerhead shark, Sphyrna lewini (Griffith and Smith, 1834) caught along the southern Brazilian coast, were based on ring measurements of vertebrae sections of 115 males, 116 females and 14 unknown sexed sharks between 48 and 344 cm total length (TL). The von Bertalanffy growth models were best fit using back-calculated data. The growth parameters obtained for males, were L∞ = 266 cm; K = 0.05/year; L0 = 47 cm. For females, L∞ = 300 cm; K = 0.05/year; L0 = 51 cm. An adult female reached 217 cm TL and was 31.5 years old. On the other hand, an adult male
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39

Kajiura, Stephen M., Jesica B. Forni, and Adam P. Summers. "Maneuvering in juvenile carcharhinid and sphyrnid sharks: the role of the hammerhead shark cephalofoil." Zoology 106, no. 1 (2003): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/0944-2006-00086.

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40

Reid, D. D., W. D. Robbins, and V. M. Peddemors. "Decadal trends in shark catches and effort from the New South Wales, Australia, Shark Meshing Program 1950 - 2010." Marine and Freshwater Research 62, no. 6 (2011): 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf10162.

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The New South Wales (NSW) government has operated a program of netting beaches for the protection of swimmers and surfers against shark attack since 1937 in Sydney, and since 1949 in Newcastle and Wollongong. The scope and directives of the Shark Meshing Program have remained constant since its inception, with operational modifications in net specifications in 1972, changes in spatial deployment in 1972, 1987 and 1992, and the elimination of winter netting since 1989. This markedly increased meshing effort in 1972, and again in 1987. In the present study, we examine the trends in catch and eff
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41

Wilga, C. D., and P. J. Motta. "Durophagy in sharks: feeding mechanics of the hammerhead Sphyrna tiburo." Journal of Experimental Biology 203, no. 18 (2000): 2781–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.203.18.2781.

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This study investigates the motor pattern and head movements during feeding of a durophagus shark, the bonnethead Sphyrna tiburo, using electromyography and simultaneous high-speed video. Sphyrna tiburo feeds almost exclusively on hard-shelled crabs, with shrimp and fish taken occasionally. It captures crabs by ram feeding, then processes or reduces the prey by crushing it between molariform teeth, finally transporting the prey by suction for swallowing. The prey-crushing mechanism is distinct from that of ram or bite capture and suction transport. This crushing mechanism is accomplished by al
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42

Quattro, J. M., D. S. Stoner, W. B. Driggers, et al. "Genetic evidence of cryptic speciation within hammerhead sharks (Genus Sphyrna)." Marine Biology 148, no. 5 (2005): 1143–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-005-0151-x.

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43

Fischer, AF, FHV Hazin, F. Carvalho, DL Viana, MG Rêgo, and C. Wor. "Biological aspects of sharks caught off the Coast of Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Biology 69, no. 4 (2009): 1173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842009000500023.

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One hundred seventeen specimens of sharks were caught along the coast of Pernambuco State, Northern Brazil, between May 2004 and May 2007, among which 86 were blacknose sharks, Carcharhinus acronotus, enabling a more detailed study of the species. Blacknose sharks were caught in the 2 study areas along the Boa Viagem/Piedade and Paiva beaches, accounting for the highest relative abundance among the species caught (73.5% of total). Potentially dangerous sharks, tiger and bull sharks, were also caught in the same areas, whereas hammerhead and blacktip sharks were only captured off Boa Viagem/Pie
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44

Jaiteh, Vanessa F., Adrian R. Hordyk, Matías Braccini, Carol Warren, and Neil R. Loneragan. "Shark finning in eastern Indonesia: assessing the sustainability of a data-poor fishery." ICES Journal of Marine Science 74, no. 1 (2016): 242–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw170.

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For over two decades, Indonesia has reported higher average shark landings than any other nation, but very little local information exists on the fishery and life histories of targeted species. This poses severe challenges to shark sustainability and conservation in this vast archipelago. We draw on diverse sources of data to evaluate the sustainability of the shark fishery in eastern Indonesia, a particularly data-poor region where sharks are primarily targeted for their fins. Shark fishers from three coastal communities were interviewed on their perceptions of catch trends over the past twen
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45

Arifin, Yusuf Nur. "Analysis of Law Enforcement Against Criminal Action on Illegal Fishing (Case Study of MV Hai Fa)." Hang Tuah Law Journal 4, no. 1 (2020): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30649/htlj.v4i1.146.

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<p>The MV Hai Fa case has taken the public's attention for almost the last 5 years after the court ruling was issued by the Ambon Court. MV Hai Fa was declared proven to have captured 15 tons of spike shark (<em>Carcharhinus spp</em>) and hammerhead shark (<em>Sphyrna lewini</em>) which are some of the protected species of marine animals as stated in the Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Regulation Number 59 of 2014 concerning Prohibition of Fish Expenditures Cowboy sharks (<em>Carcharhinus spp</em>) and hammerhead sharks (<em>Sphyrna le
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46

Kotas, Jorge Eduardo, Miguel Petrere Jr, Roberta Aguiar Dos Santos, et al. "The horizontal migration of hammerhead sharks along the southern Brazilian coast, based on their exploitation pattern and considerations about the impact of anchored gillnets activities on these species." Revista CEPSUL - Biodiversidade e Conservação Marinha 3, no. 1 (2014): 45–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37002/revistacepsul.vol3.32245-68.

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Between 1995-2009 hammerhead sharks were sampled from the landings ofthe industrial fleets based in the harbours of Itajaí and Navegantes, SC State,and Ubatuba, SP State, Brazil. In this case, fishing boats which operated with gillnetslonglines and trawls along the southern Brazilian Economic Exclusive Zone and internationaladjacent waters were targeted. A total of 2483 and 353 S. lewini and S. zygaena carcasses respectively were sexed, measured and converted to total lengths (LT). Additionallyinformation about, year, season, latitude/longitude and local depth (m) from the catches,by fishing c
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47

Krogh, M. "Spatial, seasonal and biological analysis of sharks caught in the New South Wales protective beach meshing programme." Marine and Freshwater Research 45, no. 7 (1994): 1087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9941087.

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Data for the catches of sharks at each beach meshed in New South Wales are presented for the period from October 1972 to December 1990. High catch rates of sharks were observed at a number of these beaches. Comparison of the catches of sharks at each beach by means of hierarchical clustering and nonmetric multidimensional scaling revealed regional associations as well as some unusual relationships. Beaches at either end of each netted region (i.e. Newcastle, Sydney or Wollongong) tended to have higher catches than did beaches in the centre of each region. Hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna spp.) had s
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48

Nakaya, Kazuhiro. "Hydrodynamic Function of the Head in the Hammerhead Sharks (Elasmobranchii: Sphyrnidae)." Copeia 1995, no. 2 (1995): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1446895.

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49

Raoult, Vincent, Matt K. Broadhurst, Vic M. Peddemors, Jane E. Williamson, and Troy F. Gaston. "Resource use of great hammerhead sharks ( Sphyrna mokarran ) off eastern Australia." Journal of Fish Biology 95, no. 6 (2019): 1430–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14160.

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50

Couto, Ana, Nuno Queiroz, James T. Ketchum, et al. "Smooth hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna zygaena) observed off the Portuguese southern coast." Environmental Biology of Fishes 101, no. 8 (2018): 1261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-018-0773-8.

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