Tesis sobre el tema "HSFA2"
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Jacob, Pierre. "Unraveling new components of abiotic stress signaling pathways through screening of a biosensor mutant population". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLE042.
Stresses represent the major cause of yield loss in modern agriculture. Previously, the majority of studies concern simplified, single stress situations, whereas in the field, stresses are complex and most often occurring in combinations. However, multiple stress response cannot be extrapolated from single stress responses added together. Bioinformatic analysis of transcriptomic data banks allowed us to identify a gene (HSFA2) involved in multiple stress responses. The work presented here aimed at discovering the mechanisms controlling HSFA2 expression. Two strategies were used.First, factors able to bind a region of HSFA2 promoter were studied through a “yeast one hybrid” system. Secondly, a transgenic biosensor of HSFA2 activity line was produced and mutagenized. A great number of mutants were selected on the basis of showing a constitutive activation of the biosensor. Resistance potentials to a combination of heat and high light stresses were then determined. Causal mutations identification through whole genome sequencing allowed, in some cases, to determine which were the loci responsible for the resistance traits. In particular, two mutations confering broad spectrum stress resistance will be discussed
Hu, Yangjie [Verfasser], Enrico [Gutachter] Schleiff y Michaela [Gutachter] Müller-McNicoll. "Alternative splicing of HsfA2 mediates thermotolerance in tomato species / Yangjie Hu ; Gutachter: Enrico Schleiff, Michaela Müller-McNicoll". Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1138705322/34.
Pillet, Jérémy. "Impact du microclimat sur le métabolisme de la baie de raisin". Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR21863/document.
Global warming will affect berry metabolism, and especially phenylpropanoïd contents. This PhD work aimed to acquire a better understanding on the cellular processus linking the microclimate and the phenolic synthesis. By molecular and biochemical approaches, we extended this study to detail specific responses taking place in berries under heat and light stress.Transcriptomic analysis of heat-stressed and light-stressed berries showed the existence of two processes that occur in exposed berries. The first one triggers a rapid and transient expression of genes within the first hours of treatment. The second one mobilizes a set of genes showing increase in their expression after several days of stress exposure. Furthermore, this study validated the experimental set used to discriminate the effects of light and temperature, respectively.Expression analysis of 20 genes involved in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway revealed strong differences among the transcriptional responses, depending on the nature of stress and the developmental stage of the berry. However, expression patterns of genes involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoid could not fully explain the changes in anthocyanin and flavonol contents. This suggests that additional regulation processes such as post-traductional modifications of enzymes or metabolite degradation might take place in berries under abiotic stress. Anthocyanin content decreases under heat stress whereas flavonol content increases under high light. Malic acid increases in berry exposed to heat stress and high light. Moreover, heat-stressed berries showed an accumulation of phenylalanine, tyrosine and lysine in skin but not in pulp.In parallel, a metabolomic analysis was initiated on stress exposed berry skins by using UPLC-ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap™ technology. The first experiments revealed contrasted metabolite contents in berries according to the stress applied, and highlighted several metabolites of interest. The preliminary assays will help optimize this powerful tool for futures analysis.Finally, expression of VvGOLS1 (Galactinol synthase 1) was strongly induced in grape berries exposed to heat stress, in good agreement with the observed galactinol accumulation. Role of galactinol as a signaling molecule is discussed. Transient expression experiments revealed that VvGOLS1 expression is regulated at the transcriptional level through VvHsfA2 action. VvHsfA2 expression is also stimulated under heat stress. In this context, characterization of the grapevine heat stress factors was initiated
Lakhdari, Nadjem. "Programmation néonatale de l’infertilité mâle : rôle de la dérégulation de l’expression des microARNs dans l’apoptose des cellules germinales". Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA11T096/document.
Epidemiological studies have reported an increase in male infertility over the past fifty years, especially in industrialized countries, but also an increase in malformations of the male reproductive tract such as cryptorchidism (no migration of the testes into the scrotum) and hypospadias (malformation of the penis), and testicular cancers. Experimental data suggest that these abnormalities of the male genital tract are related. These symptoms form the testicular dysgenesis syndrome. The causes of the occurrence of this syndrome appear to be environmental in origin. Indeed, the relatively rapid evolution of this syndrome suggests dynamic factors related to lifestyle or environment. One hypothesis is that exposure during fetal or neonatal life to compounds present in the environment can interfere with the hormonal system (environmental endocrine disruptors), would be responsible for the increased incidence of these pathologies. Bench of the main accused, molecules that have estrogenic or anti-androgenic activity types. To date, the mechanisms of action behind the testicular dysgenesis syndrome are poorly understood. Some studies suggest that epigenetic mechanisms are at playThe objective of our work was to identify and characterize the epigenetic mechanisms of action involved in male infertility induced by neonatal exposure to xenoestrogen. For this, we used an experimental model based on a developmental exposure to estrogen (estradiol benzoate). This model induced in adult rats a hypospermatogenesis phenotype due to chronic apoptosis of germ cells.We show that this phenotype is related to an alteration of two pathways, involving upstream effectors epigenetic. The first pathway involves the family of miR- 29s. Thus, we observe an up-regulation of miR -29a, b, c, which causes a decrease in two of his targets: the anti-apoptotic protein MCL- 1 and the enzymes of DNA methylation DNMTs. Falling DNMTs leads to a global hypomethylation (estimated through the Line -1 gene) and to specific hypomethylation of the heat shock factor, HSF1. This causes a re-expression of factors that induce apoptosis in adult germ cells. The second pathway involves up-regulation of miR -18a that causes a down-regulation of its target HSF2 which regulates the heat shock protein HSP70/HSPA2. The down-regulation of HSPA2 is another explanation of germ cell apoptosis in our model. We also show that this phenotype is irreversible when the estrogen exposure takes place in the newborn whereas it is reversible when exposure takes place in adulthood, suggesting that neonatal exposure to estradiol benzoate induced a developmental programming of hypospermatogenesis.Finally, abnormal tissue expressions of miRNAs are found in the blood, suggesting their potential use as biomarkers. We validated this aspect in humans showing that the expression of miR29s and miR-18a was higher in patients with decrease or no sperm counts compared to normal sperm count. In conclusion, our results indicate that hypospermatogenesis due to chronic germ cell apoptosis observed in adult animals after neonatal exposure to EB involves a change in expression of several key epigenetic effectors: miR-29, miR-18a and DNMTs. In addition, miR-29 and miR-18a could be new non invasive circulating biomarkers of men infertility
Drissi, Ichrak. "Perturbation par l'éthanol de la plasticité synaptique reliée aux sous-unités GluN2A et GluN2B dans l'hippocampe chez le rongeur : implication des HDAC2 et HSF2". Thesis, Amiens, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AMIE0049/document.
Alcohol (EtOH) remains one of the most consumed substances of abuse in France among adolescents and adults EtOH consumption, inducing learning deficits through disturbances of the NMDA-dependent form of synaptic plasticity (long term potentiation, LTP and long-term depression, LTD), the cellular signal responsible for learning and memory, notably into the hippocampus, involved in memory formation in mammals. Importantly, induction of NMDA-dependent synaptic plasticity relies on the subunit composition of the NMDA receptor (GluN2A and GluN2B) while mechanisms of genome regulation such as epigenetic or some transcription factors may have important role in determining the quality of synaptic plasticity signals. However, the molecular mechanisms by which EtOH disrupts NMDA-dependent synaptic plasticity are still unclear. During my thesis work, I tested the hypothesis that NMDA-dependent synaptic plasticity is disrupted by EtOH through the modulation of the involvement of GluN2B and GluN2A subunits of the receptor whatever the type of EtOH exposure, either acute in young adult (binge-drinking like model) rodents or chronic in adult rodents. I further tested the involvement of epigenetic and the role of HSF2, a transcription factor in the modifications induced by EtOH. Using pharmacological tools and field potential recordings in CA1 area of hippocampal slices from adolescent rats and adult mice, I found that both acute and chronic ethanol exposure increased field NMDA excitatory post synaptic potential (fNMDA-EPSP) sensitivity to a GluN2B antagonist while sensitivity to GluN2A antagonist was decreased. In adolescent rats, these modifications were accompanied with a lower LTD without affecting LTP and with memory impairment. Interestingly, inhibition of enzymes responsible for chromatin deacetylation (HDAC) in binge like adolescent rat model, prevents the EtOH effects in learning performance associated with a correction of the GluN2A/GluN2B balance and LTD. Concerning the role of HSF2, I found that before chronic EtOH consumption, fNMDA-EPSPs of HSF2 KO adult mice lack LTD and showed the opposite sensitivity to GluN2A and GluN2B antagonists compared to WT mice. Chronic EtOH exposure in HSF2 KO mice induced different adaptations than in WT animals. Altogether, my thesis work show that, 1) regardless the type of EtOH exposure, the hippocampus neuronal network adapt via changes in the balance between GluN2A and GluN2B subunits leading to LTD reduction and learning impairment; 2) these EtOH-induced changes in fNMDA-EPSPs involved epigenetic processes and 3) some transcription factors, affecting basal conditions of the role for GluN2A/GluN2B balance determines the capacity to respond to EtOH exposure
Manuel, Martine. "Recherche des cibles du facteur HSF2 chez la souris". Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077115.
Chang, Yunhua. "Implication du facteur de transcription de choc thermique HSF2 dans la méiose et le développement du cerveau : étude de l'inactivation du gène hsf2 chez la souris". Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066047.
Murphy, Lynea Alene. "IMPLICATIONS FOR THE HSF2/PRC1 INTERACTION AND REGULATION OF CONDENSIN BY PHOSPHORYLATION DURING MITOSIS". UKnowledge, 2008. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/645.
Skaggs, Hollie Suzanne. "IMPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE HEAT SHOCK TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS AND THE TRANSLOCATED PROMOTER REGION PROTEIN". UKnowledge, 2007. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/503.
Zinsmeister, Julia. "Étude fonctionnelle de trois facteurs de transcription intervenant dans la regulation de la qualité germinative des graines chez les légumineuses : ABI4, ABI5 et HSFA9". Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NSARI078/document.
Seed maturation is characterized by the acquisition ofthe various components that collectively constitute thephysiological quality or vigor of the seed: desiccation tolerance(DT, i.e. the capacity to survive complete drying), seedstorability or longevity (the capacity to remain alive duringstorage), dormancy, as well as fast and uniform germinationand seedling emergence under stressful conditions. Thesetraits are pivotal to ensure rapid and homogenous seedlingestablishment required for stable yield and are a majoreconomic challenge for the seed industry. Despite theiragronomic importance, the mechanisms regulating theiracquisition, including longevity, are still poorly understood. InMedicago truncatula, a gene co-expression network inferredthat transcription factors such asMtABL (ABA INSENSITIVE4-LIKE), MtABI5 (ABA INSENSITIVE5) and MtHSFA2.2 (HEATSHOCK FACTOR A2.2) are putative regulators of seedlongevity. The aim of this thesis was to characterize theirroles in Medicago truncatula and Pisum sativum using Tnt1insertion and EMS mutants. ABL and ABI5 are positiveregulators of longevity while defects in hsfa2.2 do not affectit. Transcriptomic and biochemical analyses show that ABLand ABI5 are involved in the regulation of photosynthesisassociated genes, chlorophyll loss and accumulation ofraffi nose family oligosaccharides (RFO). ABI5 is also involvedin the accumulation of stress proteins such as LEA proteins.By establishing a link between degreening, RFO contents andlongevity, our work offers new opportunities to tackle a
Lakhdari, Nadjem. "Programmation néonatale de l'infertilité mâle : rôle de la dérégulation de l'expression des microARNs dans l'apoptose des cellules germinales". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01061771.
Lecomte, Sylvain. "Implication des facteurs de choc thermique HSF1 et HSF2 dans la réponse à l'inhibition du protéasome". Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1S059.
Cells of a tissue are subject to changes in their environment that can disrupt their balance and to cause stress. To defend themselves, the cells are equipped with adaptive mechanisms specific to the type of affected components (lipids, nucleic acids, proteins). This work focused on proteotoxic stress caused by proteasome inhibition. The established answer is characterized by an overexpression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) which is dependent on a transcriptional event involving transcription factors HSF. This work has focused on the role of HSF1 and HSF2 in response to proteasome inhibition. We have shown that HSF1 is essential for the induction of Hsps whereas HSF2 mediate proteasome subunit expressions. Moreover, data obtained have show that HSF2 isoforms have opposite roles in transcriptional activity of HSF1 and the relative amount of these two isoforms is regulated by proteasome inhibition. Proteasome is a target in the fight against cancer and treatments targeting it exist. However cancers are resistant and development of inhibitors of HSF2 could be a valuable approach to increase the therapeutic effect of these drugs
Masson, Florent Le. "Caractérisation des facteurs HSF1 et HSF2 en tant que facteur maternel et régulateur de la réponse au stress". Toulouse 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU30277.
During my PhD, I studied heat shock factors HSFs and their functions during development. My thesis project included two main parts. The first one was aimed to identify HSF1 dependent target genes, and the second part investigated the functions of HSF1 and HSF2 during early development. First, we sought to identify HSF1 target genes by a transcriptome analysis to further characterize its maternal function in mouse oocyte. Among the genes regulated by HSF1, we observed an enrichment of genes involved in the cohesion of homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids and we observed the presence of HSF1 on the promoter of 4 of these genes: Stag2, Stag3, Syce1 and Msh4. Then, we demonstrated that the lower expression of these genes in Hsf1-/- oocytes led to defects in prophase I progression and early segregation of homologous chromosomes at metaphase I. Taken together, these data show that HSF1 helps to coordinate the dynamics of chromosomes during female meiosis in mammals. The second part of my project was about the functions performed by HSF1 and HSF2 during early development. Using several mouse transgenic and knockout lines, we showed that HSF1 and HSF2 play a role in the activation of zygotic Hsp70. 1 and that HSF2 takes part to the heat shock response at the blastocyst stage
RALLU, MURIELLE. "La famille multigenique des facteurs de choc thermique (hsf) : purification, caracterisation fonctionnelle et regulation d'un membre atypique, le facteur hsf2". Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066301.
Mesihovic, Anida [Verfasser], Enrico [Gutachter] Schleiff y Michaela [Gutachter] Müller-McNicoll. "Regulation of the cellular response to elevated temperatures by heat stress transcription factor HsfA7 in "Solanum lycopersicum" / Anida Mesihovic ; Gutachter: Enrico Schleiff, Michaela Müller-McNicoll". Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/117019432X/34.
Trouillet, Diane. "Fonction du facteur de choc thermique HSF2 dans les processus de prolifération, de survie et de différenciation au cours du développement du système nerveux central". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00811409.
Zhang, Jie. "ROLE OF MEL-18 IN REGULATING PROTEIN SUMOYLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF A NEW POLYMORPHISM IN BMI-1". UKnowledge, 2009. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/685.
Duchateau, Agathe. "Etude de la perturbation précoce des marques épigénétiques dans le cerveau fœtal exposé à l’alcool et de l’implication des voies de réponse au stress". Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=4764&f=29833.
Fetal brain is vulnerable to environmental stress such as prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE), the leading non-genetic cause of mental retardation. This stress induces a wide spectrum of neurodevelopmental defects that are often lately diagnosed. A better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying these defects would help to develop reliable diagnostic tools for the early care of high-risk subjects.HSF2 transcription factor is a major actor of PAE response in the developing brain. Necessary for cortical physiological development, it also leads, in the context of chronic PAE stress, to abnormalities in brain development by changing its genomic targets. In addition, V. Mezger's team has demonstrated, in the embryonic cortex, that HSF2 binds DNMT3A - in a physiological context or following a PAE, DNMT3A being responsible for de novo DNA methylation.Since it has been shown that the methylome profile of adults that were exposed to a PAE stress, is often perturbed, it was conceivable that the DNMT3A/HSF2 interaction, in a stressful context, may, in part, be responsible for this methylome profile modifications. To test this hypothesis, three integrative high-throughput sequencing (NGS) studies were conducted, using cerebral cortices of mouse embryos exposed, or not, to PAE corresponding to a binge drinking alcoholization.ChIP-seq experiments, targeting HSF2 in alcohol-exposed fetal cortices, allowed us to map its binding sites in the genome, and identify 280 HSF2 targets. Most of these target sites are associated with genes involved in brain development or in stress response. Some of these genes are also linked, in the literature, with PAE effects.Few hours after PAE, 432 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified between control (PBS treated) or alcohol-treated fetal cortices, using a methylome capture protocol. This analysis required the development of specific bioinformatics tools and approaches. These DMRs are mainly localized in active enhancers of the adult cortex. A high proportion of their associated genes correspond to imprinted genes or genes encoding clustered Protocadherins, both involved in neurodevelopment or brain function, and known to be impacted in adults prenatally exposed to an alcoholic stress. Because their deposition is linked to PAE per se and show some persistence in the postnatal/adut period, this strongly reinforces their potential as biomarkers of exposition. These results indicate that epigenetic ‘scars‘ are deposited very quickly after PAE and suggest, based on the literature, that some of them persist in adults.To estimate the functional consequences of PAE on the developing brain, a study of chromatin accessibility and gene expression over the stress period was conducted in a physiological context, analyzing public data (ENCODE) of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq from unstressed murine prefrontal cortices. This data mining study allowed us counting and identifying the chromatin regions that are differentially opened or closed, as well as the genes that are activated or repressed between the embryonic stages E13 and E16 in the developing cortex. Of note, a proportion of DMRs are significantly associated with chromatin regions whose accessibility varies - under physiological conditions - during the stress period, but also with genes whose expression increases during development, suggesting a particular vulnerability at these dynamic regions of the genome to stress.Our integrative analysis of the different NGS datasets did not reveal any correlation between HSF2 binding sites and the DMRs. However, since HSF2 target sequences contain often binding sites of methylome readers or chromatin remodellers, HSF2 might be involved in functional consequences of PAE-induced methylome disturbances, rather than in the establishment of these defects
El, Fatimy Rachid. "Rôle des facteurs de transcription de choc thermique HSFs dans le développement du cerveau au stade embryonnaire : étude de l'implication du facteur HSF1 et HSF2 dans le syndrome d'alcoolisme foetal (FAS)". Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066030.
Baniwal, Sanjeev Kumar [Verfasser]. "Heat stress transcription factor HsfA5 as specific repressor of HsfA4 / von Sanjeev Kumar Baniwal". 2007. http://d-nb.info/983978778/34.
陳喬富. "Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of zebrafish (danio rerio) HSF2". Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21538775623472995560.
Huang, Hsiang-Yen y 黃祥晏. "mTORC1 activates MEL-18 to deSUMOylate HSF2 for IGF-IIR mediated cardiac hypertrophy". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54bpmc.
中國醫藥大學
生物醫學研究所碩士班
106
第一部分:Hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy to attenuate cardiac function is the major characteristics of early-stage heart failure. Our previous studies found that SUMOylation of the heat shock factor 2 (HSF2) was severely attenuated by MEL-18 in the heart of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). However, the role of underlying mechanism regulating MEL-18 in hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy remains elusive. In this study, we identified mammalian of target of Rapamycin compex1 (mTORC1) activated MEL-18 to deSUMOylate HSF2 for insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGF-IIR)-mediated cardiac hypertrophy. mTORC1 activation by angiotensin II (ANG II) is responsible for MEL-18 upregulation both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, inhibition of mTORC1 by resveratrol and Rapamycin completely abrogated downstream targets of MEL-18 and restored the SUMOylation of HSF2 to alleviate the cardiac dysfunction. Our results revealed an unanticipated mTORC1-MEL-18-HSF2-IGFIIR axis was a critical regulatory pathway of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that Rapamycin could be a potential therapeutic candidate to alleviate cardiac dysfunction and attenuate high blood pressure during hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy. 第二部分:Solanum Nigrum is a natural compound that can decrease triglycerides, cholesterol, VLDL, and LDL cholesterol, and also increase HDL cholesterol. Growing evidences shows Protein Kinase C (PKC) family is involved in hypertension-related cardiac disease. However, the underlying mechanism of Solanum Nigrum ameliorated the cardiac hypertrophy remains unknown. According to our results, we found that mammalian target of Rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) plays a critical role in angiotensin II (ANG II) induced cardiac hypertrophy. Growing evidences suggest that PKC-zeta regulates mTORC1 activation-mediated hypertension-related disease, implying PKC-zeta may be a cardioprotective therapeutic strategy to suppress ANG II-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Here, we identified PKC signaling pathways modulates insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGF-IIR) expression by mTORC1 signaling under ANG II-induced cardiac hypertrophy. But, Administration of Solanum Nigrum reduces high blood pressure , particularly in diastolic pressure and also markedly restored SUMOylation on HSF2 to inhibit IGF-IIR upregulation. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that Solanum Nigrum improves hypertension-related hypertrophy in vivo and in vitro, by rescuing SUMOylation of HSF2 to downregulate IGF-IIR, eventually reduce BNP expression and cardiac hypertrophy.
Chen, Jia-Yi y 陳佳宜. "艾黴素造成粒線體ROS累積活化ERK1/2並促進HSF2去SUMO化和核轉入造成血管收縮素II第一型受體活化導致心肌細胞凋亡機轉探討". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/s2vymp.