Tesis: "Human information processing Information theory in psychology"

1

Morrison, Jeffrey Glenn. "The effects of hue and contrast on binary classification". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28758.

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Morrison, Jeffrey Glenn. "The effects of diplay and response codes on information processing in an identification task". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30531.

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3

Laurey, Paul. "The integration of perceptual and response information in the formation of an event file representation of the organism-environment /". view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3102174.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-88). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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4

Bartholow, Bruce D. "Cognitive processing and affective consequences of target-based expectancy violations : a psychophysiological analysis /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9974610.

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5

Lindsay, Jeffrey Thomas. "The effect of a simultaneous speech discrimination task on navigation in a virtual". Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04102006-103948/.

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6

Jodlowski, Mark T. "EXTENDING LONG TERM WORKING MEMORY THEORY TO DYNAMIC DOMAINS: THE NATURE OF RETRIEVAL STRUCTURES IN SITUATION AWARENESS". MSSTATE, 2008. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04032008-170735/.

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Research suggests situation awareness supports operator performance (e.g., Durso, Truitt, Hackworth, Crutchfield, & Manning, 1998), however no consensus definition exists (Rousseau, Tremblay, & Breton, 2004). One framework that incorporates most definitions is Endsleys (1995a) hierarchical view. It includes perception of elements in the environment, comprehension, and projection of future status. Although the literature has slowly begun to accept a hierarchical view of situation awareness, evidence supporting this claim is limited and indirect. Several researchers have suggested that long-term working memory (LTWM), a theory of a memory process that explains how individuals can rapidly encode information in long-term memory and retrieve information from long-term memory, supports the development of situation awareness. However, a critical review of past research reveals that it cannot be concluded that long-term working memory was being employed, and therefore the role that LTWM plays in situation awareness is still uncertain. To address these issues, ten instrument-rated pilots provided verbal reports while watching various flight scenarios unfold. Periodically, the simulation froze and the screen went blank. While the screen was blank, pilots answered questions about the current flight situation either immediately or after completing a 30 second working-memory-intensive task that precluded working memory involvement in performance. Responses to the questions were used to assess pilot situation awareness. Results indicate that situation awareness is hierarchical in nature and that the familiar mechanisms of LTWM are evident in pilot verbal protocols and measures of situation awareness. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that characteristics associated with pilot training methodologies in conjunction with familiar mechanisms of LTWM predict measures of situation awareness. It was also revealed that pilots focus on position and control information more so than specific instrument values. Data are consistent with pilot utilization of a retrieval structure where the pilots mental representation of the situation is driven by strategy. They are also consistent with a comprehension-based model of dynamic environments (Durso, Rawson, & Girotto, 2007). Finally, these data suggest that an event-based training technique may facilitate developing and maintaining situation awareness.

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7

Graf, Erik. "Human information processing based information retrieval". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5188/.

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This work focused on the investigation of the question how the concept of relevance in Information Retrieval can be validated. The work is motivated by the consistent difﬁculties of deﬁning the meaning of the concept, and by advances in the ﬁeld of cognitive science. Analytical and empirical investigations are carried out with the aim of devising a principled approach to the validation of the concept. The foundation for this work was set by interpreting relevance as a phenomenon occurring within the context of two systems: An IR system and the cognitive processing system of the user. In light of the cognitive interpretation of relevance, an analysis of the learnt lessons in cognitive science with regard to the validation of cognitive phenomena was conducted. It identiﬁed that construct validity constitutes the dominant approach to the validation of constructs in cognitive science. Construct validity constitutes a proposal for the conduction of validation in scenarios, where no direct observation of a phenomenon is possible. With regard to the limitations on direct observation of a construct (i.e. a postulated theoretic concept), it bases validation on the evaluation of its relations to other constructs. Based on the interpretation of relevance as a product of cognitive processing it was concluded, that the limitations with regard to direct observation apply to its investigation. The evaluation of its applicability to an IR context, focused on the exploration of the nomological network methodology. A nomological network constitutes an analytically constructed set of constructs and their relations. The construction of such a network forms the basis for establishing construct validity through investigation of the relations between constructs. An analysis focused on contemporary insights to the nomological network methodology identiﬁed two important aspects with regard to its application in IR. The ﬁrst aspect is given by a choice of context and the identiﬁcation of a pool of candidate constructs for the inclusion in the network. The second consists of identifying criteria for the selection of a set of constructs from the candidate pool. The identiﬁcation of the pertinent constructs for the network was based on a review of the principles of cognitive exploration, and an analysis of the state of the art in text based discourse processing and reasoning. On that basis, a listing of known sub-processes contributing to the pertinent cognitive processing was presented. Based on the identiﬁcation of a large number of potential candidates, the next step consisted of the inference of criteria for the selection of an initial set of constructs for the network. The investigation of these criteria focused on the consideration of pragmatic and meta-theoretical aspects. Based on a survey of experimental means in cognitive science and IR, ﬁve pragmatic criteria for the selection of constructs were presented. Consideration of meta-theoretically motivated criteria required to investigate what the speciﬁc challenges with regard to the validation of highly abstract constructs are. This question was explored based on the underlying considerations of the Information Processing paradigm and Newell’s (1994) cognitive bands. This led to the identiﬁcation of a set of three meta-theoretical criteria for the selection of constructs. Based on the criteria and the demarcated candidate pool, an IR focused nomological network was deﬁned. The network consists of the constructs of relevance and type and grade of word relatedness. A necessary prerequisite for making inferences based on a nomological network consists of the availability of validated measurement instruments for the constructs. To that cause, two validation studies targeting the measurement of the type and grade of relations between words were conducted. The clariﬁcation of the question of the validity of the measurement instruments enabled the application of the nomological network. A ﬁrst step of the application consisted of testing if the constructs in the network are related to each other. Based on the alignment of measurements of relevance and the word related constructs it was concluded to be true. The relation between the constructs was characterized by varying the word related constructs over a large parameter space and observing the effect of this variation on relevance. Three hypotheses relating to different aspects of the relations between the word related constructs and relevance. It was concluded, that the conclusive conﬁrmation of the hypotheses requires an extension of the experimental means underlying the study. Based on converging observations from the empirical investigation of the three hypotheses it was concluded, that semantic and associative relations distinctly differ with regard to their impact on relevance estimation.

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8

Bell, Ian. "Human information processing during sleep: The late auditory evoked potentials". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/21106.

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9

Butcher, Ronald K. "COMPOSITE DATA FROM CENTRIFUGAL EXPERIMENTATION REGARDING HUMAN INFORMATION PROCESSING". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1182285671.

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10

McNeill, Allan. "Semantic structure of personal information". Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 2002. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/840/.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 2002.
Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Department of Psychology, University of Glasgow, 2002. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.

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11

Kogelnik, Andreas Matthias. "Biological information management with application to human genome data". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15923.

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12

Maffeo, Vincent P. "The test of two dual processing models". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1789.

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13

Martin, Sarah B. "Theory of Mind, Social Information Processing, and Children's Social Behavior". Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1262100680.

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14

Chen, Xiuli. "An optimal control approach to testing theories of human information processing constraints". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5907/.

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This thesis is concerned with explaining human control and decision making behaviours in an integrated framework. The framework provides a means of explaining human behaviour in terms of adaptation to the constraints imposed by both the task environment and the information processing mechanisms of the mind. Some previous approaches tended to have been polarised between those that have focused on rational analyses of the task environment, on the one hand, and those that have focused on the mechanisms that give rise to cognition on the other hand. The former usually is based on the assumption that rational human beings adapt to the external environment by achieving 'goals' defined only by the task environment and with minimal consideration of the mechanisms of the human mind; while the latter focuses on information processing mechanisms that are hypothesised to generate behaviour, e.g., heuristics, or rules. In contrast, in the approach explored in this thesis, mechanism and rationality are tightly integrated. This thesis investigates a \(state\) \(estimation\) \(and\) \(optimal\) \(control\) approach, in which human behavioural strategies and heuristics, rather than being programmed into the model, emerge as a consequence of rational adaptation given a theory of the information processing constraints.

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15

Fan, Zhongwei y 范忠偉. "Cross-cultural differences in human information processing: an empirical study of Westerners andAsians". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41508865.

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16

Dennis, Yvette I. L. "Non-structural influences on local syntactic ambiguity resolution in human sentence processing : verb subcategorisation information, thematic role information, and referential context". Thesis, University of Sussex, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238815.

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17

Ma, Xiaodong. "Age differences in conjunction fallacies and information-processing styles". Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1178153602.

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18

Hellyar, Mark Tremaine. "Investigation, development and application of knowledge based digital signal processing methods for enhancing human EEGs". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1820.

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This thesis details the development of new and reliable techniques for enhancing the human Electroencephalogram (EEG). This development has involved the incorporation of adaptive signal processing (ASP) techniques, within an artificial intelligence (Al) paradigm, more closely matching the implicit signal analysis capabilities of the EEG expert. The need for EEG enhancement, by removal of ocular artefact (OA) , is widely recognised. However, conventional ASP techniques for OA removal fail to differentiate between OAs and some abnormal cerebral waveforms, such as frontal slow waves. OA removal often results in the corruption of these diagnostically important cerebral waveforms. However, the experienced EEG expert is often able to differentiate between OA and abnormal slow waveforms, and between different types of OA. This EEG expert knowledge is integrated with selectable adaptive filters in an intelligent OA removal system (tOARS). The EEG is enhanced by only removing OA when OA is identified, and by applying the OA removal algorithm pre-set for the specific OA type. Extensive EEG data acquisition has provided a database of abnormal EEG recordings from over 50 patients, exhibiting a variety of cerebral abnormalities. Structured knowledge elicitation has provided over 60 production rules for OA identification in the presence of abnormal frontal slow waveforms, and for distinguishing between OA types. The lOARS was implemented on personal computer (PC) based hardware in PROLOG and C software languages. 2-second, 18-channel, EEG signal segments are subjected to digital signal processing, to extract salient features from time, frequency, and contextual domains. OA is identified using a forward/backward hybrid inference engine, with uncertainty management, using the elicited expert rules and extracted signal features. Evaluation of the system has been carried out using both normal and abnormal patient EEGs, and this shows a high agreement (82.7%) in OA identification between the lOARS and an EEG expert. This novel development provides a significant improvement in OA removal, and EEG signal enhancement, and will allow more reliable automated EEG analysis. The investigation detailed in this thesis has led to 4 papers, including one in a special proceedings of the lEE, and been subject to several review articles.

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19

Andes, Robert C. "An information-theoretic model of human search string selection in text editing". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25710.

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20

Brickner, Mary Ann. "The effects of affect and accountability on information processing of leader behavior /". The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487264603219216.

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21

Horton, Paul Michael. "Investigating information processing within the brain using multi-electrode array (MEA) electrophysiology data". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/6929/.

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How a stimulus, such as an odour, is represented in the brain is one of the main questions in neuroscience. It is becoming clearer that information is encoded by a population of neurons, but, how the spiking activity of a population of neurons conveys this information is unknown. Several population coding hypotheses have formulated over the years, and therefore, to obtain a more definitive answer as to how a population of neurons represents stimulus information we need to test, i.e. support or falsify, each of the hypotheses. One way of addressing these hypotheses is to record and analyse the activity of multiple individual neurons from the brain of a test subject when a stimulus is, and is not, presented. With the advent of multi electrode arrays (MEA) we can now record such activity. However, before we can investigate/test the population coding hypotheses using such recordings, we need to determine the number of neurons recorded by the MEA and their spiking activity, after spike detection, using an automatic spike sorting algorithm (we refer to the spiking activity of the neurons extracted from the MEA recordings as MEA sorted data). While there are many automatic spike sorting methods available, they have limitations. In addition, we are lacking methods to test/investigate the population coding hypotheses in detail using the MEA sorted data. That is, methods that show whether neurons respond in a hypothesised way and, if they do, shows how the stimulus is represented within the recorded area. Thus, in this thesis, we were motivated to, firstly, develop a new automatic spike sorting method, which avoids the limitations of other methods. We validated our method using simulated and biological data. In addition, we found our method can perform better than other standard methods. We next focused on the population rate coding hypothesis (i.e. the hypothesis that information is conveyed in the number of spikes fired by a pop- ulation of neurons within a relevant time period). More specifically, we developed a method for testing/investigating the population rate coding hypothesis using the MEA sorted data. That is, a method that uses the multi variate analysis of variance (MANOVA) test, where we modified its output, to show the most responsive subar- eas within the recorded area. We validated this using simulated and biological data. Finally, we investigated whether noise correlation between neurons (i.e. correlations in the trial to trial variability of the response of neurons to the same stimulus) in a rat's olfactory bulb can affect the amount of information a population rate code conveys about a set of stimuli. We found that noise correlation between neurons was predominately positive, which, ultimately, reduced the amount of information a population containing >45 neurons could convey about the stimuli by ~30%.

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22

Byrne, Michael Dwyer. "A computational theory of working memory : speed, parallelism, activation, and noise". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29797.

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23

Ottesen, James McBride. "Attention and Information Processing Variables in Hypothetically Psychosis-Prone College Students". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278965/.

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Considering the explanations of schizophrenia that presume schizophrenia spectrum disorders (e.g., schizotypal personality disorder, schizoaffective disorder, etc.) to be genetically related to schizophrenia, the purpose of this study was to investigate the attention and information processing abilities of individuals who have been identified as schizotypal or psychosis-prone (i.e., schizophrenia spectrum functioning in individuals who do not have schizophrenia). Research indicates that persons identified as psychosis-prone may show attention and information processing deficits similar to individuals with schizophrenia. The identification and description of individuals who later decompensate into schizophrenia would advance the understanding of schizophrenia and its causes. The Chapman's PER-MAG scale (Perceptual Aberration-Magical Ideation) was used to identify 35 hypothetically psychosis-prone college students (schizotypy group) and 42 normal college students (nonschizotypy group) out of the 806 volunteer subjects. Their attention and information processing abilities were measured by COGLAB (a multiparadigmatic cognitive test battery that represents a continuum of cognitive functions, from preattentional to attentional, to conceptual). Their social adjustment was measured by the Premorbid Adjustment Scale (PAS). The hypotheses of the study were that the hypothetically psychosis-prone subjects would perform poorer than controls on COGLAB measures and that COGLAB measures of a more molar nature would better predict social adjustment than would the more molecular tasks. The results of the study did not support the hypotheses as there were no significant differences between the schizotypy group and the nonschizotypy group and the measures of a more molar nature did not better predict social adjustment. Further research might consider increasing the sample size, applying more stringent cut-off criteria for the schizotypy group, and verifying the validity of using PER-MAG, COGLAB, and PAS with this population. Further research also needs to clarify the ways in which those identified as psychosis-prone process information like (or unlike) nonschizotypes and how their current social functioning might be related to their deficiencies.

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24

Devine, Patricia G. "Automatic and Controlled Processes in Stereotyping and Prejudice". The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392051718.

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25

Rogers, Wendy Anne. "Target and distractor learning in visual search : age-related differences". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28731.

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26

Whaley, Christopher J. "Development of search/detection skill as a function of component versus total task training". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28966.

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27

Chernecki, Donna (Donna Rae) Carleton University Dissertation Psychology. "Disrupting holistic word recognition; evidence for word-specific visual patterns". Ottawa, 1992.

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28

Hogan, Paula M. "Field dependence and reliance on task versus social cues in the formation of task perceptions and attitudes /". The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148726514314568.

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29

Partridge, Helen L. "Establishing the human perspective of the information society". Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16572/.

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The digital divide is a core issue of the information society. It refers to the division between those who have access to, or are comfortable using, information and communication technology (ICT) (the "haves") and those who do not have access to, or are not comfortable using ICT (the "have-nots"). The digital divide is a complex phenomenon. The majority of studies to date have examined the digital divide from a socio-economic perspective. These studies have identified income, education and employment as the key factors in determining the division between the "haves" and the "have-nots". Very little research has explore the psychological, social or cultural factors that contribute to digital inequality in community. The current study filled this gap by using Bandura's social cognitive theory (SCT) to examine the psychological barriers that prevent individuals from integrating ICT into their everyday lives. SCT postulates that a person will act according to their perceived capabilities and the anticipated consequences of their actions. Four studies have explored the digital divide using SCT. Because of limitations in the research design these studies have shed only limited light onto current understanding of digital inequality in community. The current research was the first study exploring the digital divide that (i) incorporated both socio-economic and socio-cognitive factors, (ii) used a community context that ensured the recruitment of participants who represented the full spectrum of the general population, and (iii) was conducted in both the US and Australia. Data was gathered via self administered questionnaires in two communities: Brisbane, Australia and San Jose, USA. Completed questionnaires were obtained from 330 and 398 participants from the US and Australia, respectively. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to explore the research question: what influence do socio-cognitive factors have in predicting internet use by members of the general population when the effects of socio-economic factors are controlled? The results of this analysis revealed that attitudes do matter. The US study found that socio-economic factors were not statistically significant predictors of internet use. The only factor that found to be a significant predictor of use was internet self efficacy. In short individuals with higher levels of internet self efficacy reported higher levels of internet use. Unlike the US study, the Australian study found that by themselves several socio-economic factors predicted internet use. In order of importance these were age, gender, income and ethnicity. However, the study also revealed that when socio-economic factors are controlled for, and socio-cognitive variables included into the analysis, it is the socio-cognitive and not the socioeconomic variables that are the dominant (in fact the only!) predictors of internet use. The research illustrated that the digital divide involves more than just the availability of resources and funds to access those resources. It incorporates the internal forces of an individual that motivates to them to use or integrate ICT into their lives. The digital divide is not just about ICT such as computers and the internet. It is about people. As such, the key to solving the issue of digital inequality is not going to be found with corporate or government funds providing physical access to technology. Instead, the key to solving digital inequality is inside the individual person. The alternative view of the digital divide presented in this research is by no means intended to minimise the role played by socio-economic factors. Indeed, the socioeconomic perspective has helped shed light on a very real social issue. What this research has done is suggest that the digital divide is more complex and more involved than has been imagined, and that further and different research is required if genuine insights and real steps are going to be made in establishing an information society for all.

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30

Kim, Wooyang. "Consumer as Inforagers: Ecological Information Foraging under Information Overload Paradigm - An Integrative Perspective between Darwinism and Non-Darwinism". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/267372.

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Business Administration/Marketing
Ph.D.
The main purpose of this dissertation is to assess ontological issues of information acquisition, focusing on information overload from an integrative perspective of two theoretical foundations, which links two perspectives of consumer behavior in information acquisition: foraging theory in behavioral ecology and information processing theory in marketing. Applying to the integrative investigation, the current research primarily emphasizes the infusion of ecological rationality (i.e., Darwinian Theory) into normative rationality (i.e., Newtonian Theory), but it is not alternative but complementary to each other. Ecological rationality, which is rooted in Darwinism, emphasizes that human behavior has developed through adaptation and natural selection as the human minds interact with environments. The current study consists of five chapters: the philosophical foundation of the rationalities, exploratory study, proposed hypotheses, empirical tests, and general discussion. A summary of the contents of each chapter is: The first chapter aims to provide an integrative framework of consumer information acquisition in order to explore ontological issues in information overload paradigm, attempting to synthesize different approaches in marketing and behavioral ecology. To explore, the current study emphasizes an integrative perspective between two theories for information acquisition (foraging and information processing), which are based on different philosophical foundations of the rationality (ecological and normative). Along with the process of the information acquisition, this study provides relevant consequences (decision-related responses and decision-related alternatives) after the information acquisition process and influential factors in temporal and psychological dimensions (time and motivation). Then, the conceptual study provides conclusion and the current research scope. The second chapter aims to examine the efficacy of the current study's theoretical integration in the process of consumer information foraging so as to approach an ontological issue in information overload paradigm: more information is better vs. less information is better (i.e., information processing theory and foraging theory under an information overload paradigm). Therefore, this study explores and examines what can be appropriate information structures to describe the ontological issue in the process of consumer information foraging. To formulate the adequate information structure, this study attempts to utilize an integrative perspective between marketing and behavioral ecology. This study examines consumers' online activities sequentially from a broad to detail approach, based on the categories of goods and services. The result, by and large, suggests a necessity of an integrative perspective to view a holistic information structure, including quantity, quality, and environment components. These structural components interactively communicate with minds when shaping the process of the consumer information foraging, which are likely to involve in the degree of information overload. Moreover, results demonstrate rather higher variation of strategic information foraging but emphasize some important communality in the initial stage of information foraging, such as the role of search engine and interpersonal communication. In addition, categories of goods and services affect shaping the pattern of strategic information foraging. Then, the conclusion of the study provides. The third chapter aims to propose a hypothetical model, based on the theoretical backgrounds in Chapter 1 and the findings of the exploratory study in Chapter 2. In addition, the pilot study was conducted to provide a concrete framework of the empirical study by checking the manipulation of holistic information structures. The manipulation of the structures includes the total quantity of information, the quality of information, and environmental information. Those structures measured on several resultant consequences, using the patch concepts (within-patch and between-patch). Controversially, in general, consumers tend to prefer more information rather than less information only when arranged information provides; otherwise, this preference attenuates. This controversial result also has conflicting variations, depending on the types of patches. Overall, the comparison in the within-patch and between-patch through displaying heterogeneous information structures suggests that holistic information structures are a more important factor than the mere quantity or quality of information. The fourth chapter empirically tests the theory-based hypothetical frameworks to assess the ontological issues in information overload paradigm using the integrative perspective of the two information acquisition theories. The findings of the empirical study suggest that the real-world information overload is not simply determined by a single dominant factor (e.g., quantity), but by the interplay of intricately intertwined factors. The factors are the following: information structures (three unarranged and four arranged information structures, including quantity, quality and environment), item categories (durables, nondurables and services), and time constraints (time pressure vs. no time pressure). The interwoven complexity implies that paradigmatic change of perspectives in relation with information overload though integrating two important conceptual factors between domain-specific dependency and universality. Moreover, the information overload begins with the browsing stage of acquiring the necessary information, not with the searching stage, suggesting the view of browsing-searching continuum that underscores the important role of the patch concept. As a whole, the conclusive findings suggest an integrative perspective between Darwinism and Non-Darwinism as a prerequisite of providing a better comprehension of the issues of the information overload paradigm. The fifth chapter is the section of general discussion including major findings, theoretical, methodological and empirical implications, limitations, and conclusive statement.
Temple University--Theses

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31

Mark, Anthony Wayne. "Comprehending and carrying out instructions : the role of descriptive information". Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63989.

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32

Langenbrunner, Mary R. "Is the Brain Really Like A Computer? Information Processing Theory: Implications for Working With Children". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2001. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3495.

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33

Chen, Yiwei. "Age differences in stages of attributional processing". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28648.

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34

Agresti, Albert A. "Effects of mode of presentation on head injured patients' recall of narrative information /". The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487266691094183.

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35

Falkner, Russell A. "Relationships between late developing concrete operations and information integration factors in nine and eleven year olds /". The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487326511716852.

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36

Keeley, Maureen Patricia 1961. "THE EFFECT OF STRESS ON THE DECODER'S COMMUNICATION CHANNELS". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276499.

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This thesis investigated the interaction of stress and decoding accuracy through the vocalic and facial kinesic channels and with regard to gender. Stress (high and low) was created for 372 undergraduate students using the Stroop Color-Word Test. Overall, results did not show that an increase in stress led to a decrease in decoding accuracy. However, the findings did suggest that stress was impacting on the decoding process. The researcher uncovered a main effect for channel such that the facial kinesic channel was the most accurate for decoding emotions. In addition, an ordinal interaction was found during the first time period which showed that stress was differentially affecting the four groups (kinesic, high and low stress; vocalic, high and low stress). Males and females were affected in a similar manner by stress, with females being consistently more accurate decoders than males regardless of the amount of stress or channel used.

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37

Feng, Chuning Rouder Jeffrey Neil. "An assessment of inhibition in the Simon task". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6550.

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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on November 13, 2009). Thesis advisor: Dr. Jeffrey Rouder. Includes bibliographical references.

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38

Martin, Scott Lawrence. "An attributional analysis of differences in rating type in a performance evaluation context: A use of verbal protocol analysis /". The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487585645575791.

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39

Liu, Wanyu. "Information theory as a unified tool for understanding and designing human-computer interaction". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLT012/document.

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La théorie de l'information a influencé un grand nombre de domaines scientifiques depuis son introduction par Claude Shannon en 1948. A part la loi de Fitts et la loi de Hick, qui sont apparus lorsque les psychologues expérimentaux étaient encore enthousiastes à l'idée d'appliquer la théorie de l'information aux différents domaines de la psychologie, les liens entre la théorie de l'information et l'interaction humain-machine (IHM) ont été peu explorés. L'objectif de cette thèse est de combler le fossé entre la théorie de l'information et l'IHM en considérant que l'interaction entre les humains et les machines peut être considérée comme un processus de communication et peut donc être caractérisée à l'aide des concepts de la théorie de l'information. Les trois principales contributions de cette thèse sont : (1) une perspective historique détaillée sur la manière dont la théorie de l'information a influencé la psychologie et l'IHM, avec en particulier une discussion approfondie et une analyse de la pertinence de la loi de Hick pour l'IHM, (2) le cadre formel Gain d'Information Bayésienne (BIG pour Bayesian Information Gain) qui quantifie et exploite les informations envoyées par l'utilisateur à l'ordinateur pour exprimer son intention et (3) une illustration des avantages de l'utilisation des mesures de la théorie de l'information pour évaluer la performance des entrées et pour caractériser une tâche d'interaction. Cette thèse démontre ainsi que la théorie de l'information peut être utilisée comme un outil unifié pour comprendre et concevoir la communication et l'interaction humain-machine
Information theory has influenced a large number of scientific fields since its first introduction in 1948. Apart from Fitts' law and Hick's law, which came out when experimental psychologists were still enthusiastic about applying information theory to various areas of psychology, the relation between information theory and human-computer interaction (HCI) has rarely been explored. This thesis strives to bridge the gap between information theory and HCI by taking the stance that human-computer interaction can be considered as a communication process and therefore can be characterized using information-theoretic concepts. The three main contributions are: (1) a detailed historical perspective on how information theory influenced psychology and HCI, particularly an in-depth discussion and analysis of how relevant Hick's law is to HCI; (2) a Bayesian Information Gain (BIG) framework that quantifies the information sent by the user to the computer to express her intention; and (3) a further illustration of the advantages of using information-theoretic measures to evaluate input performance and to characterize the rich aspects of an interaction task. This thesis demonstrates that information theory can be used as a unified tool to understand and design human-computer communication

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40

Manglani, Heena R. "A neural network analysis of sedentary behavior and information processing speed in multiple sclerosis". The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu15253688510945.

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41

Siegle, Greg Jeremy. "Cognitive and physiological aspects of attention to personally relevant negative information in depression /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9935457.

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42

Ducrou, Jon. "Design for conceptual knowledge processing case studies in applied formal concept analysis /". Access electronically, 2007. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20080919.093612/index.html.

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43

Nash, Beverly Elaine. "The effects of training information, problem type, and problem structure on performance in a complex automated system". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29874.

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44

Nichols, Timothy A. "Explaining dual-task implicit learning deficits the effect of withing stimulus presentation /". Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04022006-232232/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006.
Daniel Spieler, Committee Member ; Dennis Folds, Committee Member ; Arthur Fisk, Committee Chair ; Wendy Rogers, Committee Member ; Eric Schumacher, Committee Member.

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45

Foster, Carol Lynn. "Algorithms, abstraction and implementation : a massively multilevel theory of strong equivalence of complex systems". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6591.

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This thesis puts forward a formal theory of levels and algorithms to provide a foundation for those terms as they are used in much of cognitive science and computer science. Abstraction with respect to concreteness is distinguished from abstraction with respect to detail, resulting in three levels of concreteness and a large number of algorithmic levels, which are levels of detail and the primary focus of the theory. An algorithm or ideal machine is a set of sequences of states defining a particular level of detail. Rather than one fundamental ideal machine to describe the behaviour of a complex system, there are many possible ideal machines, extending Turing's approach to reflect the multiplicity of system descriptions required to express more than weak input-output equivalence of systems. Cognitive science is concerned with stronger equivalence; e.g., do two models go through the same states at some level of description? The state-based definition of algorithms serves as a basis for such strong equivalence and facilitates formal renditions of abstraction and implementation as relations between algorithms. It is possible to prove within the new framework whether or not one given algorithm is a valid implementation of another, or whether two unequal algorithms have a common abstraction, for example. Some implications of the theory are discussed, notably a characterisation of connectionist versus classical models.

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46

Kau, Shwu-Ming. "Preschool children's incidental memory for visual and verbal materials : a levels-of-processing account /". The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487261919111949.

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47

Yuasa, Mashiho. "The effects of active learning exercises on the acquisition of SQL query writing procedures". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30282.

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48

Bianchi, Frederick W. "The cognition of atonal pitch structures". Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/438705.

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The Cognition of Atonal Pitch Structures investigated the ability of a listener to internally organize atonal pitch sequences into hierarchical structures. Based on an information processing model proposed by Deutsch and Feroe (1981), the internal organization of well processed pitch sequences will result in the formation of hierarchical structures. The more efficiently information is processed by the listener, the more organized its internal hierarchical representation in memory. Characteristic of a well organized internal hierarchy As redundancy. Each ensuing level of the hierarchical structure represents a parsimoniuos recoding of the lower levels. In this respect, each higher hierarchical level contains the most salient structural features extracted from lower levels.Because efficient internal organization increases redundancy, more memory space must be allocated to retain a well processed pitch sequence. Based on this assumption, an experiment was conducted to determine the amount of information retained when listening to pre-organized atonal pitch structures and randomly organized pitch structures. Using time duration estimation techniques (Ornstein, 1969; Block, 1974), the relative size of memory allocated for a processing task was determined. Since the subjective experience of time is influenced by the amount of information processed and retained in memory (Ornstein, 1969; Block, 1974), longer time estimations corresponded to larger memory space allocations, and thus, more efficiently organized hierarchical structures.ConclusionThough not significant at the .05 level (p-.21), the results indicate a tendency to suggest that atonal pitch structures were more efficiently organized into internal hierarchical structures than were random pitch structures. The results of the experiment also suggest that a relationship exists between efficient internal hierarchical organization and increased attention and enjoyment. The present study also investigated the influence that other parameters may have on the cognition of pre-organized music. Of interest were the characteristics inherent in music which may facilitate internal organization.

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49

Dickert, Stephan. "Two routes to the perception of need : the role of affective vs. deliberative information processing in prosocial behavior /". Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/7232.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008.
Typescript. "This dissertation investigates the role of affective vs. deliberative information processing in the genesis and use of emotional reactions in decisions to provide financial aid to people in distress"--P. iv. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 162-175). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.

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50

McCann, Ryan D. "Strategic Human Resource Management implementation and organizational information processing| A multiple case study of Western Pennsylvanian oil and natural gas companies". Thesis, Robert Morris University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10133964.

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Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) has the potential to strengthen an organization in the long term by effectively leveraging the organization’s human resources to achieve the organization’s strategic goals. The problem this dissertation focuses upon is the extent to which SHRM has been implemented in oil and natural gas companies in Western Pennsylvania and whether the information needed to support SHRM is being communicated into and within these oil and natural gas companies. This included examining how HR leaders and staff are viewed in the company relative to its strategic efforts. Using Jacobson, Sowa, and Lambright’s (2014) models of SHRM implementation, three cases were examined to identify the degree to which SHRM has been implemented in the organizations. In addition, the communication of SHRM information was explored with regards to what information has been communicated, how is this information communicated, and who communicates such information. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 10 participants from three companies, including seven HR managers and employees and three non-HR managers. The interviews led the researcher to conclude that there is further opportunity for the strategic use of the HR departments and HR functions in the sampled companies. Additionally, there was an apparent lack of communication between the HR departments and the rest of the organization regarding strategic HR issues. The organizations with more traditional models of HR, with limited SHRM, demonstrated a weak focus on communicating SHRM information, as well as minimal information processing capabilities to support SHRM implementation.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Human information processing Information theory in psychology"

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