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1

Nasim, Sobia, Faraz Jabbar, Asfar Afridi, and Brendan D. Kelly. "Serotonin toxicity." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 28, no. 2 (2011): i—iv. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700011599.

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Serotonin toxicity is a potentially life-threatening condition associated with a range of psychotropic medications, co-administration of specific combinations of agents and overdose of certain drugs. It is associated with a wide diversity of clinical signs and symptoms, including cognitive, autonomic and somatic effects, as well as serious complications, including possible death. Diagnosis is often challenging and requires a high index of suspicion. Differential diagnosis includes syndromes such as neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Management depends on the causal agent and urgency of clinical p
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2

Ohk, Ki Yool, and Ming Wu. "Measuring the Toxicity of Order Flow using High Frequency Data: The Case of KOSPI200 Index Futures." Journal of Derivatives and Quantitative Studies 22, no. 1 (2014): 117–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jdqs-01-2014-b0006.

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This study presents a new informed trading probability measure VPIN (Volume-Synchronized Probability of Informed Trading) to estimate toxic order flow of KOSPI200 index futures in a high frequency world. This measure does not require to estimate non-observable parameters as PIN. Also, it is estimated based on volume time, so it can estimate toxicity of order flow in a high frequency world. We show a relation between KOSPI200 index futures VPIN and futures market volatility using correlation and conditional probability distribution. A main empirical result is that persistently high VPIN signifi
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3

Bhardwaj, Ankit, Vandana Roy, Manik S. Ghadlinge’s, and Anubhav Dua. "Lithium carbonate toxicity in an elderly patient: a case report." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 10, no. 6 (2021): 766. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20212091.

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A case report of a 73-year-old man admitted in the intensive care unit with acute renal failure and lithium toxicity is reported. Lithium is a gold standard drug for bipolar disorder. It has a narrow therapeutic index and requires blood level monitoring frequently. Hemodialysis is the last resort in management of lithium toxicity but in between high rebound levels during the dialysis result in persistent CNS toxicity.
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4

Vlasov, A. P., N. S. Sheyranov, O. V. Markin, et al. "A Method for Assessing the Severity of Obstructive Jaundice of Non-Neoplastic Origin." Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care" 10, no. 1 (2021): 174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2021-10-1-174-180.

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AIM OF STUDY To develop a method for assessing the severity of obstructive jaundice (OJ) of non-neoplastic orogin on the basis of functional parameters of the liver and the activity of pathogenetic agents of hepatodepression.MATERIAL AND METHODS Clinical and laboratory studies of 142 patients with breast cancer of non-tumor origin. The indicators of the functional state of the liver, the index of plasma toxicity for albumin, and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were evaluated.RESUlTS Based on the assessment of a number of blood parameters - the content of total bilirubin (TB), the plasma t
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5

Barbosa, Jéssica A. P., Eryvelton S. Franco, Camilla V. N. S. Silva та ін. "Poly-ε-Caprolactone Microsphere Polymers Containing Usnic Acid: Acute Toxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Activity". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7392891.

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Usnic acid (UA) has been studied by its pharmacological properties; however, it presents moderate toxicity, low solubility, and absorption by biological membranes. The aim of this study was to develop poly-ε-caprolactone microsphere polymers containing UA (UA-micro) and evaluate their acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity. The microspheres were prepared by multiple emulsion technique (water/oil/water) and characterized by the encapsulation efficiency, particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential. The acute toxicity of UA and UA-micro (25–50 mg/kg; p.o.) was evaluated in mice
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6

Muhammad, Umar Abubakar, Nur Adeela Yasid, Hassan Mohd Daud, and Mohd Yunus Shukor. "Glyphosate Herbicide Induces Changes in the Growth Pattern and Somatic Indices of Crossbred Red Tilapia (O. niloticus × O. mossambicus)." Animals 11, no. 5 (2021): 1209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11051209.

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The development of glyphosate-resistant genetically modified organisms (GMO) has increased the use of herbicide glyphosate by several magnitudes in recent years. It is now the most commonly used pesticide globally that affects aquatic habitats, especially fish. This study aims to add new knowledge on the effect of technical grade glyphosate on several toxicity parameters and to identify the most effective parameter in predicting technical grade glyphosate chronic toxicity (seven weeks) to fish, especially Malaysia’s heavily farmed red tilapia. The results show that a relatively high concentrat
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7

Sitaresmi, Trias, Katerine Dewi, Indrastuti Apri Rumanti, Siti Herlinda, and Yudhistira Nugraha. "Response of Indonesian rice varieties to iron toxicity under field and green house condition." E3S Web of Conferences 306 (2021): 01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130601012.

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Excess of reduced iron (Fe2+) will affect the plant growth of rice when it is grown under waterlogged condition. Some rice genotypes have been identified tolerance to iron toxicity with different mechanism-type of tolerance. This study aims to identify the response of some rice genotypes to iron toxicity, and to evaluate their consistency in the greenhouse screening method and the field condition. The experiments were conducted in iron toxicity hotspot area, Banyuasin (South Sumatera) and the control as irrigated rice field was in Sukamandi (West Java). The green house experiment of Fe toxicit
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8

Jeong, T. Y., J. Jeon, and S. D. Kim. "Development and evaluation of new behavioral indexes for a biological early warning system using Daphnia magna." Drinking Water Engineering and Science 7, no. 1 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/dwes-7-1-2014.

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Abstract. New behavioral indexes including combined index (CI), distribution index (DI), toxic index (TI), and altitude index (AI) for a biological early warning system (BEWS) were developed and evaluated using Daphnia magna in this study. The sensitivity and stability of each index were compared to evaluate the performance of the indexes through a real-time exposure test with a synthetic copper solution. The applicability of the CI to the field sample was evaluated through an effluent exposure test. The proportional relationship between toxicity level and magnitude of response was much lower
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9

Jeong, T. Y., J. H. Jeon, and S. D. Kim. "Development and evaluation of new behavioral indexes for a biological early warning system using Daphnia magna." Drinking Water Engineering and Science Discussions 6, no. 1 (2013): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/dwesd-6-39-2013.

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Abstract. New behavioral indexes including combined index (CI), distribution index (DI), toxic index (TI), and altitude index (AI) for a biological early warning system (BEWS) were developed and evaluated using Daphnia magna in this study. The sensitivity and stability of each index were compared to evaluate the performance of the indexes through a real-time exposure test with a synthetic copper solution. The applicability of the CI to the field sample was evaluated through an effluent exposure test. The proportional relationship between toxicity level and magnitude of response was much lower
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10

Kuswantoro, Heru, Andy Wijanarko, Dany Setyawan, Eddy William, Ahmad Dadang, and I. Made Jana Mejaya. "Soybean germplasms evaluation for acid tidal swamp tolerance using selection index." International Journal of Plant Biology 1, no. 2 (2010): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/pb.2010.e11.

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Availability of fertile land on the island of Java in Indonesia decreases due to the shifting from agricultural land to non-agricultural land. Hence, an extensification of soybean culture to outer Java suboptimal land areas is needed, such as tidal swamp which occupies approximately 20.192 million hectares. The main limitations in this soil are soil acidity, Fe toxicity and excess water. To develop soybean varieties tolerant to acid tidal swamp, tolerant soybean gene resources are needed. Hence, glasshouse and field experiments were carried out to identify tolerant gene resources. The glasshou
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11

Pai Kakode, Kalyani V., Parul Dubey, Sharvani Pai, and Varun R. Pai Kakode. "Diverse presentations of phenytoin toxicity-presenile cataract, encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy: a case series." International Journal of Scientific Reports 5, no. 8 (2019): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20193209.

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<p class="abstract">One of the most commonly used antiepileptic drugs, phenytoin, has a narrow therapeutic index, high plasma protein binding, non-linear pharmacokinetics and inter-individual variability. It can also present with adverse drug reactions due to phenytoin toxicity with diverse presentations mimicking symptoms of other diseases thus causing diagnostic predicament. This case series reports three such cases of uncommon presentation of phenytoin toxicity like presenile cataract, fluctuating encephalopathy with diurnal variation and peripheral neuropathy. Monitoring of serum dru
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12

Karaev, Andrey Lvovich, Marina Vasilevna Bidevkina, and Margarita Vladimirovna Matrosenko. "Safety assessment of residual amounts of disinfectants based on quaternary ammonium compounds on medical devices." Disinfection affairs, no. 3 (September 2021): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.35411/2076-457x-2021-3-36-39.

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Has been made an assessment of the toxicity of residual amounts of disinfectants after using them on products, made from various materials, with DS solutions based on QAC. The working solutions were used in concentrations from 0.3 to 7 % (by DV). The safety of the studied samples was assessed by the toxicity index "It" (in%) on an AT-05 Image Analyzer. Washing out of the residual amounts of DS in concentrations of 0.3–0.7 % (by DW) did not significantly affect the total time of disinfection treatment or pre-sterilization cleaning. At higher concentrations of solutions, there were differences i
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13

Chen, Jiao, Tianhong Pan, Tianqing Pu, et al. "Predicting GHS toxicity using RTCA and discrete-time Fourier transform." Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 14, no. 01 (2016): 1650004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219720016500049.

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In order to promote the acceptance of cell-based toxicity testings, the accuracy of cytotoxicity test must be determined when compared to in vivo results. Traditional methods of cytotoxicity analysis, such as LC[Formula: see text] (concentration where 50% of the cells are killed) can be problematic since they have been found to vary with time. Technological advances in cytotoxicity testing make it easy to record the dynamic data on changes in cell proliferation, morphology, and damage. To effectively and reasonably analyze the dynamic data, we present a new in vitro toxicity assessed method us
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14

Kiss, Robert Csaba, Fen Xia, and Scarlett Acklin. "Targeting DNA Damage Response and Repair to Enhance Therapeutic Index in Cisplatin-Based Cancer Treatment." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 15 (2021): 8199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22158199.

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Platinum-based chemotherapies, such as cisplatin, play a large role in cancer treatment. The development of resistance and treatment toxicity creates substantial barriers to disease control, yet. To enhance the therapeutic index of cisplatin-based chemotherapy, it is imperative to circumvent resistance and toxicity while optimizing tumor sensitization. One of the primary mechanisms by which cancer cells develop resistance to cisplatin is through upregulation of DNA repair pathways. In this review, we discuss the DNA damage response in the context of cisplatin-induced DNA damage. We describe th
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15

Zhang, Shengnan, Limin Su, Xujia Zhang, et al. "Combined Toxicity of Nitro-Substituted Benzenes and Zinc to Photobacterium Phosphoreum: Evaluation and QSAR Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 6 (2019): 1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061041.

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The single toxicity (IC50) of zinc (Zn) and 11 nitro-substituted benzenes to Photobacterium phosphoreum were determined, respectively. On basis of single toxicity, the joint toxicity of binary mixtures of Zn and 11 nitro-substituted benzenes at different Zn concentrations of 0.2 IC50, 0.5 IC50, and 0.8 IC50 were measured. The joint toxicity was evaluated by toxic unit (TU) and additive index (AI) methods. The results indicated that the joint toxicity was not only depending on the Zn concentrations but also on the substituted groups of nitro-substituted benzenes. The quantitative structure-acti
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16

Medina-Alarcón, Kaila P., Junya de L Singulani, Luiz A. Dutra, et al. "Antifungal activity of 2′-hydroxychalcone loaded in nanoemulsion against Paracoccidioides spp." Future Microbiology 15, no. 1 (2020): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fmb-2019-0095.

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Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the activity of 2′-hydroxychalcone-loaded in nanoemulsion (NLS + 2′chalc), the cytotoxic effect and toxicity against Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Paracoccidioides lutzii using a zebrafish model. Materials & methods: Preparation and physical-chemical characterization of nanoemulsion (NLS) and NLS + 2′chalc were performed. MIC and minimum fungicide concentration, cytotoxicity and toxicity were also evaluated in the Danio rerio model. Results: NLS + 2′chalc showed fungicidal activity against Paracoccidioides spp. without cytotoxicity in MRC5 and HepG2 li
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17

Raevsky, O. A., E. A. Liplavskaya, A. P. Worth, and V. U. Grigorev. "Acute intravenous toxicity to mice calculations on the basis local regression models in superoverlapping clusters (LRMSC)." Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya 58, no. 5 (2012): 489–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.18097/pbmc20125805489.

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Modeling of quantitative structure - activity relationships between physicochemical descriptors of organic chemicals and their acute intravenous toxicity in mice have been presented. This approach includes three steps: structure-similarity chemicals selection for every chemical-of-interest (clusterization); construction of quantitative structure - toxicity models for every cluster (without including of chemical-of-interest); application of obtained QSAR equations for chemical-of-interest toxicity estimation. This approach has been applied for acute intravenous toxicity calculations of 10241 or
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18

Semenova, M. I., A. V. Smirnov, A. Sokolov, A. S. Kovalevskaya, and O. V. Smolova. "Biotechnical toxicity assessment system of rare earth metals compounds." SAFETY OF TECHNOGENIC AND NATURAL SYSTEMS, no. 4 (2020): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/2541-9129-2020-4-56-67.

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Introduction. Expanding the scope of application of rare-earth metal compounds that are unique in their properties increases the interest of many researchers in studying the impact of rare-earth metals and their compounds on human health and the environment. One of the most relevant and modern methods for assessing the safety of the studied media for a biological test object is bioassay. Problem Statement. The objective necessity of determining the combined effect of rare earth metals and their compounds on human health and the environment involves the use of biological systems. Modern methods
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19

Romito, Jia W., Emily R. Turner, John A. Rosener, et al. "Baclofen therapeutics, toxicity, and withdrawal: A narrative review." SAGE Open Medicine 9 (January 2021): 205031212110221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20503121211022197.

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Baclofen is an effective therapeutic for the treatment of spasticity related to multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, and other spinal cord pathologies. It has been increasingly used off-label for the management of several disorders, including musculoskeletal pain, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and alcohol use disorder. Baclofen therapy is associated with potential complications, including life-threatening toxicity and withdrawal syndrome. These disorders require prompt recognition and a high index of suspicion. While these complications can develop following administration of either or
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20

Bykovsky, Nikolay Alekseevich, Timur Zulfukarovich Zabirov, Inna Vyacheslavovna Ovsyannikova, Lyudmila Nikolaevna Puchkova, and Nadezhda Nikolaevna Fanakova. "Toxicity assessment of pickling liquors containing TiF₃, HF and HCl before and after neutralization using a phytotesting method." Samara Journal of Science 6, no. 2 (2017): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201762104.

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The paper evaluates the toxicity of spent acid pickling liquor (SAPL) formed in the production of titanium products during its etching with a mixture of hydrofluoric and hydrochloric acids. The SAPL contained TiF₃, HF and HCl in the amounts of 21,9 g/l, 1,7 g/l and 6,2 g/l, respectively. To determine the toxicity of SAPL, a phytotesting method was used. As a phytoecological indicator, cress of Zabava variety was used. The experiment was carried out according to the procedure for determining the toxicity of drinking, ground, surface and sewage water; the toxicity of chemical solutions by measur
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21

Zhang, Cheng Wei, Yu Qin Zhang, and Jia Ming Gao. "Toxicological and Safety Evaluation of Bacillus subtilis Strain Tpb55." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 1947–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.1947.

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The toxicological safety of Bacillus subtilis strain Tpb55 was evaluated according to the Toxicological Testing Methods for Pesticide Registration (GB 15670~1995) by animal experiments. The results showed that the LD50 of acute oral toxicity of Tpb55 was greater than 5,000 mg/kg; the acute dermal toxicity LD50 was over 5,000 mg/kg. No irritation to rabbit skin and eye was found, and the average index of eye irritation after 48 h was 0. Thus, it can be concluded that the acute toxicity of Tpb55 administered orally or dermally was proved to be at a lower level, with no irritations to rabbit skin
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22

Jelea, Stela Gabriela, Marian Jelea, Zorica Voşgan, Lucia Mihăiescu, and Oana Corina Jelea. "Copper Toxicity on Triticum aestivum L and Lactuca sativa L: Effects on Germination and Growth." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture 73, no. 2 (2016): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:12413.

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Copper is necessary for the growth and development of plants, but at high concentrations it is extremely toxic, resulting in growth inhibition and toxicity symptoms. In this study we investigated the effects of seed immersion on Triticum aestivum L and Lactuca sativa L for 24 hours, at different concentrations of CuSO4 x 5H20 (0.05g/L - variant V1; 0.1g/L - variant V2; 0.5 g/L - variant V3; 1 g/L - variant V4). There were investigated the seed germination, root and shoot lengths, tolerance index and phytotoxicity index. The result of metabolic disturbances induced by the treatment of vegetativ
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23

Géloën, Alain, Karyna Isaieva, Mykola Isaiev, Olga Levinson, Emmanuelle Berger, and Vladimir Lysenko. "Intracellular Detection and Localization of Nanoparticles by Refractive Index Measurement." Sensors 21, no. 15 (2021): 5001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155001.

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The measuring of nanoparticle toxicity faces an important limitation since it is based on metrics exposure, the concentration at which cells are exposed instead the true concentration inside the cells. In vitro studies of nanomaterials would benefit from the direct measuring of the true intracellular dose of nanoparticles. The objective of the present study was to state whether the intracellular detection of nanodiamonds is possible by measuring the refractive index. Based on optical diffraction tomography of treated live cells, the results show that unlabeled nanoparticles can be detected and
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24

Gupta, Kiran. "Biomonitoring of lead (Pb) toxicity through aquatic macrophyte Eichhornia crassipes." International Journal of Environment 3, no. 2 (2014): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i2.10500.

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A study was performed for biomonitoring the toxicity of lead (Pb) in water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). To assess phytotoxic response of the plant against Pb chlorophyll content, protein content and NR activity has been observed while genotoxiocity was analyzed by study of mitotic index and micronuclei (MNCs) as genotoxic end point. For this purpose, Plants of Eichhornia crassipes were exposed to various concentrations of Pb (0.0, 1, 2, 4 and 8 ppm) for 2 and 7 days durations. Pb induced phytotoxicity was evident by reduction in chlorophyll content, protein content and nitrate reductase ac
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25

Lipton, Jack W., Kile P. Mangan, and Jean M. Silvestri. "Acute Cocaine Toxicity: Pharmacology and Clinical Presentations in Adult and Pediatric Populations." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 13, no. 2 (2000): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089719000001300207.

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Cocaine remains the most prevalent drug responsible for emergency department (ED) visits. A majority of acute cocaine toxicity cases involve young, habitual, adult cocaine users and often present with a range of cardiac, neurologic, gastrointestinal (GI) or renal symptoms. In addition, atypical populations (neonates, infants, toddlers, young children and adolescents) are presenting in EDs with varying symptoms that are unknowingly associated with cocaine exposure. Unfortunately, juvenile presentations are generally anecdotal in nature, and while enlightening, are difficult to quantify epidemio
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26

Fan, Qingsheng, Zhan Chen, Yating Wu, Jiangxin Zhu, and Zhou Yu. "Study on the Enhancement of Immune Function of Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis." Foods 10, no. 8 (2021): 1847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10081847.

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This study was aimed at investigating the effect of astaxanthin on the immune function and its safety in mice. It was administered once daily at low, medium and high doses (4.2, 8.35, 16.70 mg/kg BW) to mice for 30 days. Subsequently, the spleen and thymus index, spleen lymphocyte transformation activity, delayed allergy reaction, amounts of antibody-producing cells, half-hemolytic value HC50, carbon particle clearance rate, macrophage phagocytosis, and natural killer cell (NK) activity were determined. Acute oral toxicity and genotoxicity tests were conducted to evaluate the safety of astaxan
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27

Bykovsky, Nikolay Alekseevich, Timur Z. Zabirov, Inna V. Ovsyannikova, and Nadezhda F. Fanakova. "The Application of Phytotesting Method to Assess the Toxicity of Titanium Etching Effluents." Key Engineering Materials 769 (April 2018): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.769.161.

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The article evaluates the toxicity of the spent acid etching solution (SAES) formed in production of titanium products when etched with a mixture of hydrofluoric and hydrochloric acids. The SAES contained TiF3, HF and HCl in the amount of 21.9 g/l, 1.7 g/l and 6.2 g/l, respectively. To determine the toxicity of SAES the phytotesting method was used. As a phytoecological indicator, a cress of Zabava variety was used. The experiment was carried out according to the method for determining the toxicity of drinking, ground, surface and sewage water, chemical solutions by measuring the germination i
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28

Poznyak, T., J. M. Puga, E. Kiseleva, and L. Martinez. "Chromium Toxic Effect Monitoring Using Ozonation Method." International Journal of Toxicology 21, no. 3 (2002): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10915810290096342.

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The hexavalent chromium toxicity (in vitro) to plasma, erythrocytes, and semen lipids was evaluated. The ozonation technique is suggested to realize the rapid measurements of the lipid peroxidation (LPO) by means of the double bond indexes (DB-index and DBcell-index) calculation. The obtained experimental results permit to conclude that it is possible to detect the chromium effect on LPO by ozonation. The DB-index and DBcell-index determination in the plasma, erythrocytes, and sperm can be considered as a measure of this effect Ozonation, suggested in this work, can provide the useful prelimin
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29

Kumar, Prasann, and Shweta Pathak. "Responsiveness index of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) grown under cadmium contaminated soil treated with putrescine and mycorrhiza." Bangladesh Journal of Botany 48, no. 1 (2019): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v48i1.47432.

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Effect of polyamine (putrescine) and mycorrhiza combination on putrescine and mycorrhiza responsiveness index was studied in sorghum. It is evident that the average putrescine and mycorrhiza responsiveness index was non-significantly enhanced by 48.40, 48.43 and 46% when exposed to higher dose of polyamine (putrescine) and mycorrhiza combination (T5) as compared to lower dose of polyamine (putrescine) and mycorrhiza combination (T4) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS of interval. Similarly, when plants were exposed to higher dose of polyamine (putrescine) and mycorrhiza combination (T11) than its putrescine
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30

Mulyati, Mulyati, Anita Yuliana, and Slamet Widiyanto. "Kidney Function Test of Female Wistar Rat (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769) of Subchronic Toxicity Test of Arthrospira maxima sp. and Chlorella vulgaris sp." Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology 4, no. 3 (2019): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.42306.

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Arthrospira maxima and Chlorella vulgaris are contained a high protein and antioxidant levels that can be used as functional foods or supplements to improve health. Furthermore, this material needs to be monitored for safety. The aims of this research were determined the subchronic toxicity test of microalgae A. maxima and C. vulgaris on kidney function. Parameters of this research were creatinine levels, urea levels, kidney index, and histological structure of the kidney glomerular. Besides that, the progression of body weight was observed. Five teen female Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus Berk
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31

Kalaeva, E. A., A. E. Chernitsky, V. N. Kalaev, and M. Alhamed. "Endogenous intoxication markers of deep-pregnant cows as predictors of pneumonia in newborn calves." Rossiiskaia selskokhoziaistvennaia nauka, no. 5 (October 23, 2019): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2500-26272019558-62.

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The aim of the work was to analyze the indices of endogenous intoxication in deep-pregnant cows and to identify the possibilities of their use as predictors of bronchopulmonary pathology in newborn calves. 29 cows were examined for 239-262 days of gestation and 29 newborn calves of the red-and-white Holstein breed. Bronchitis developed in all calves during the first month of life, and in 7 newborns it was complicated by pneumonia. Markers of endogenous intoxication of cows were analyzed: total and effective albumin concentration, serum MMP content, Kalf-Kalif leukocyte index of intoxication (L
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32

Vallera, Daniel A., David W. Kuroki, Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari, Donald J. Buchsbaum, Buck E. Rogers та Bruce R. Blazar. "Molecular modification of a recombinant anti-CD3ε-directed immunotoxin by inducing terminal cysteine bridging enhances anti-GVHD efficacy and reduces organ toxicity in a lethal murine model". Blood 96, № 3 (2000): 1157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v96.3.1157.

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Abstract Immunotoxin (IT) therapy shows potential for selectively eliminating GVHD-causing T cells in vivo, but the field has been hampered by toxicity. Previously, we showed that a genetically engineered IT consisting of a single-chain protein, including the anti-CD3sFv spliced to a portion of diphtheria-toxin (DT390) has anti-GVHD effects, but pronounced organ toxicity common to this class of agent. A recombinant DT390 anti-CD3sFv protein previously shown to have anti-GVHD activity was modified to reduce its filtration into kidney by genetically inserting a cysteine residue downstream of the
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33

Vallera, Daniel A., David W. Kuroki, Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari, Donald J. Buchsbaum, Buck E. Rogers та Bruce R. Blazar. "Molecular modification of a recombinant anti-CD3ε-directed immunotoxin by inducing terminal cysteine bridging enhances anti-GVHD efficacy and reduces organ toxicity in a lethal murine model". Blood 96, № 3 (2000): 1157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v96.3.1157.015k56_1157_1165.

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Immunotoxin (IT) therapy shows potential for selectively eliminating GVHD-causing T cells in vivo, but the field has been hampered by toxicity. Previously, we showed that a genetically engineered IT consisting of a single-chain protein, including the anti-CD3sFv spliced to a portion of diphtheria-toxin (DT390) has anti-GVHD effects, but pronounced organ toxicity common to this class of agent. A recombinant DT390 anti-CD3sFv protein previously shown to have anti-GVHD activity was modified to reduce its filtration into kidney by genetically inserting a cysteine residue downstream of the sFv moie
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34

BARRÈRE, Ana Paula Noronha, Silvia Maria Fraga PIOVACARI, Pedro Luiz Serrano USÓN JUNIOR, Rene Claudio GANSL, Andrea Z. PEREIRA, and Nelson HAMERSCHLAK. "BODY COMPOSITION IMPACT ON SURVIVAL AND TOXICITY OF TREATMENT IN PANCREATIC CANCER: CROSS-SECTIONAL PILOT STUDY." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 57, no. 3 (2020): 278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.202000000-52.

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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Weight loss and body composition changes are common in patients with pancreatic cancer. Computed tomography (CT) images are helpful to investigate body composition and its changes and to discriminate the different kinds of body tissues. Patients with pancreatic cancer routinely undergo CT scans. OBJECTIVE: To verify the association of muscle mass and visceral fat measured by CT with toxicity and survival of patients with pancreatic cancer. METHODS: We evaluated the imaging of the abdomen of all consecutive adult patients with pancreatic cancer treated between October 2007
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35

Alexeyeva, A. A., O. M. Marenkov, V. O. Kurchenko, I. V. Holub, and O. O. Petrovsky. "Biotesting and phytoindication of aquatic environment quality of urbanized territories." Ecology and Noospherology 30, no. 2 (2019): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/031917.

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Currently, there is a necessity for regular quality control over natural water bodies within the territory of industrial cities. The aquatic environment quality monitoring and the toxicity assessment of the water pollutants, in addition to the hydrochemical analysis data, require integral, biological indicators. In recent times, methods of direct aquatic toxicity assessment, namely biotesting water quality using sensitive hydrobionts and phytoindication with macrophytes, have become increasingly important. In this regard, we have conducted a comparative quality assessment of the water from thr
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36

Gao, Wei, Muhammad Aamir, Zahid Iqbal, Muhammad Ishaq, and Adnan Aslam. "On Irregularity Measures of Some Dendrimers Structures." Mathematics 7, no. 3 (2019): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math7030271.

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A graph is said to be a regular graph if all its vertices have the same degree, otherwise, it is irregular. Irregularity indices are usually used for quantitative characterization of the topological structure of non-regular graphs. In numerous applications and problems in material engineering and chemistry, it is useful to be aware that how irregular a molecular structure is? Furthermore, evaluations of the irregularity of underline molecular graphs could be valuable for QSAR/QSPR studies, and for the expressive determines of chemical and physical properties, such as enthalpy of vaporization,
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37

Kubeček, Ondřej, Milan Bláha, Daniel Diaz-Garcia, and Stanislav Filip. "Extracorporeal Elimination of Circulating Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin (PLD) to Enhance the Benefit of Cytostatic Therapy in Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer Patients." Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic) 58, no. 1 (2015): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/18059694.2015.84.

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Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common malignancy in the world’s female population and with the highest lethality index among gynecological tumors. The prognosis of metastatic disease is usually poor, especially in platinum-resistant cases. There are several options for the treatment of metastatic disease resistant to platinum derivates (e.g. paclitaxel, topotecan and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin), all of which are considered equipotent. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) is a liposomal form of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin. It is characterized by more convenient pharmacokine
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38

Litonjua, M. Regina, Stephanie Penton, Craig Robinson, and G. Patrick Daubert. "Digoxin: The Monarch of Cardiac Toxicities." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 18, no. 3 (2005): 157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190005276751.

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The cardiac steroids (or glycosides) are a heterogeneous group of compounds that have been well recognized for both their clinical benefit and inherent toxicity. This review will primarily focus on digoxin because of its widespread clinical use, although the other cardiac steroids will be discussed in less detail. The cardiac steroids have a narrow therapeutic index and remain a significant source of toxicity, with nearly 5000 human exposures reported to the American Association of Poison Control Centers in 2002. Digoxin reversibly binds to the α subunit of the Na+ -K+ ATPase pump and complete
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39

Ledoux, Allison, Lucia Mamede, Claudio Palazzo, et al. "Heparin-Coated Liposomes Improve Antiplasmodial Activity and Reduce the Toxicity of Poupartone B." Planta Medica International Open 07, no. 02 (2020): e73-e80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1158-0569.

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AbstractPoupartone B is an alkyl cyclohexenone derivative isolated from Poupartia borbonica. This compound demonstrated promising antimalarial activity (IC50 < 1 µg/mL), however, it was not devoid of toxicity. Thus, to reduce the adverse side effects of this natural bioactive molecule, a delivery strategy involving a nanostructure was formulated. Additionally, poupartone B-loaded liposomes were coated with heparin, a glycosaminoglycan that is known to target proteins on the surface of Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells. The quantification of the compound in the formulation was p
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40

Sahay, Ravindra Nath, Kaustubh Dilip Salagre, and Khushali Rajesh Dedhia. "Study of environmental and genetic factors determining warfarin toxicity." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 2 (2017): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20170133.

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Background: Warfarin is widely used anticoagulant in treatment and prevention of thrombosis. Despite its common use, warfarin can be associated with bleeding complications because of its narrow therapeutic index. A review of many studies show average yearly rates of warfarin related bleeding as high as 0.5% , 4.9% , 15% for fatal, major, minor bleeding complications. The study is to determine age, gender, pharmacogenetics, drugs influencing warfarin toxicity in Indian patients.Methods: Observational and cross-sectional study was conducted over period of 1 year after obtaining institutional eth
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41

Rybiński, Przemysław, Bartłomiej Syrek, Witold Żukowski, and Dariusz Bradło. "Impact of Basalt Filler and Ceramizable Additives on the Toxicity of Gaseous Products Emitted from Thermal Decomposition of Silicone Rubber Composites." Materials 12, no. 21 (2019): 3478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12213478.

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The article illustrates the impact of basalt filler in the form of flakes and fibres on the toxicity of gaseous products that formed during the thermal decomposition of silicone rubber composites. The values of specific emissions of gases were determined with the help of the IR spectroscopy and further applied to calculate the toxicometric index. The presented method of measuring the concentrations of gaseous products resulting from thermal decomposition consists in the application of a fluidised bed reactor, which makes it possible to conduct the decomposition of a sample at a precisely assum
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42

Sherif, Naima A., Asmaa S. El-Banna, Marwan M. ElBourini, and Nancy O. Khalil. "Efficacy of L-carnitine and propranolol in the management of acute theophylline toxicity." Toxicology Research 9, no. 1 (2020): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxres/tfaa002.

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Abstract Theophylline toxicity results in substantial morbidity and mortality particularly due to its narrow therapeutic index. The development of new treatments for acute theophylline toxicity is a point of research interest. The aim of the present work was to assess the efficacy of L-carnitine (LC) and propranolol in the management of patients with acute theophylline toxicity. The study was conducted on 60 patients with acute theophylline toxicity admitted to the Poison Control Center or Intensive Care Unit at Alexandria Main University Hospital. The studied patients were equally classified
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43

Bach Thi, Nhu Quynh, Hang Nguyen Thi, Le Tran Thi, Lien Nguyen Thi, Cuong Pham Duc, and Minh Huyen Nguyen Thi. "Semi-chronic toxicity assessment of Phellinus linteus biomass powder from submerged-culture." Heavy metals and arsenic concentrations in water, agricultural soil, and rice in Ngan Son district, Bac Kan province, Vietnam 3, no. 3 (2020): 204–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.47866/2615-9252/vjfc.1719.

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Phellinus linteus biomass powder obtained after submerge-fermentation was assested for semi-chronic toxicity in rabbit for evaluation of the safety of using it as functional food. Rabbits were drunk test solution continuously in 28 days with 2 doses: 0.558 g/kg rabbit/ day  and 2.792 g/kg rabbit/day. The result showed that the tested samples did not affect to weight, status, activity of tested  rabbit.  The biochemical index which expressed the liver, kidney functions had no statistical different at before test, after 14 days of test, after 28 days of test, and after
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44

Karthi, Sengodan, Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan, Raja Ganesan, et al. "Target Activity of Isaria tenuipes (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) Fungal Strains against Dengue Vector Aedes aegypti (Linn.) and Its Non-Target Activity Against Aquatic Predators." Journal of Fungi 6, no. 4 (2020): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof6040196.

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The present investigation aimed to determine the fungal toxicity of Isaria tenuipes (My-It) against the dengue mosquito vector Aedes aegypti L. and its non-target impact against the aquatic predator Toxorhynchitessplendens. Lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) of My-It were observed in 2.27 and 2.93 log ppm dosages, respectively. The sub-lethal dosage (My-It-1 × 104 conidia/mL) displayed a significant oviposition deterrence index and also blocked the fecundity rate of dengue mosquitos in a dose-dependent manner. The level of major detoxifying enzymes, such as carboxylesterase (α-and β-) and S
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45

Gautam, Anshoo, Gangavarapu K. Prasad, Deeksha Singh, and Rajagopalan Vijayaraghavan. "Acute Toxicity and Efficacy of Nanomaterial based Decontamination Formulation Developed for Personal Decontamination against Chemical Warfare Agents." Open Biomarkers Journal 9, no. 1 (2019): 40–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1875318301909010040.

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Background: This study addresses the efficacy of nanomaterials based formulation developed for personal decontamination application against chemical warfare agents and used in Personal Decontamination Kit (PDK). It has the potential to decontaminate the skin of an individual, protective equipment, and small arms contaminated with chemical warfare agents. As this formulation has been developed for personal decontamination, risk of nanomaterial toxicity would always be there while sprinkling or applying to the affected area. It may get into the body through various routes specifically through th
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46

Candan, F., and H. Alagözlü. "Captopril inhibits the pulmonary toxicity of paraquat in rats." Human & Experimental Toxicology 20, no. 12 (2001): 637–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/096032701718890540.

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Paraquat (PQ) is a herbicide that is very toxic to all living organisms. It generates free radicals and leads to acute or chronic lung injury. Free radicals are often associated with fibrogenesis, which occurs in various disease states. The purpose of this study was to determine whether captopril prevents paraquat toxicity in lung tissue. Paraquat alone increased the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) after 4, 12, 24 and 72 h of administration. Also, the level of hydroxyproline showed an increase after 24 h of paraquat administration. However, para
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47

De Felice, Francesca, Daniela Musio, Luciano Izzo, et al. "Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy in Elderly Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/610786.

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Purpose. To evaluate the treatment tolerance and clinical outcomes in patients aged 70 and older with locally advanced rectal carcinoma treated with multimodality approach.Methods and Materials. We retrospectively analysed 20 consecutive elderly patients, with histologically proven rectal adenocarcinoma, staged T3-4, and/or node-positive tumour, who received chemoradiotherapy and proceeded to surgical approach. Performance status score and adult comorbidity evaluation-27 score were calculated, and their influence on treatment tolerance and clinical outcomes was analysed.Results. All patients c
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48

Naqi, N., and J. Khatak. "Neutrophil toxicity and primary prophylaxis in diffuse large B cell lymphoma treated with R-CHOP." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (2009): e19548-e19548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e19548.

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e19548 Background: Three weekly R-CHOP therapy is regarded as standard treatment in advanced stage Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) patients with low to intermediate-risk International prognostic index (IPI). This regimen is associated with intermediate risk (10–20%) of febrile neutropenia. Primary prophylaxis with colony-stimulating factor (CSFs) is therefore not recommended except in the presence of high risk factors as defined in the National Comprehensive Cancer Center Network guidelines for use of myeloid growth factors v.1.2008. It is however well realized that a significant number
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49

Klinova, Svetlana V., Ilzira A. Minigalieva, Boris A. Katsnelson, et al. "General toxic and cardiovascular toxic impact of cadmium oxide nanoparticles." Hygiene and sanitation 99, no. 12 (2021): 1346–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-12-1346-1352.

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Introduction. Non-ferrous smelters are one of the critical nanoscale cadmium particles sources in the workplace and ambient air. Materials and methods. The research was performed to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of cadmium oxide nanoparticles (CdO-NPs) in white outbred rats. Male outbred 3.5-month old rats received intraperitoneal injections of CdO-NPs 3 times a week for six weeks (18 in total) in doses of 0.25 mg/kg body mass. After the end of an exposure, there were rated more than 50 indices of universally accepted toxicity criteria (including biochemical and cytomorphometric). Student’s
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50

Ghannadzadeh, Mohammad Javad, Ahmad Jonidi Jafari, Abbas Rezaee, Fatemeh Eftekharian, and Ali Koolivand. "Evaluation of Baffle Fixes Film up Flow Sludge Blanket Filtration (BFUSBF) System in Treatment of Wastewaters from Phenol and 2,4-Dinitrophenol Using Daphnia Magna Bioassay." Iranian Journal of Toxicology 10, no. 2 (2016): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ijt.10.2.286.1.

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Background: Phenol and nitrophenol are common compounds found in different types of industrial wastewater known as serious threats to human health and natural environment. In this study, Daphnia magna was used to evaluate the effectiveness of "baffle fixes film up flow sludge blanket filtration" (BFUSBF) system in elimination of phenolic compounds from water. Methods: D. magna cultures were used as toxicity index of phenol and 2,4-DNP mixtures after treatment by a pilot BFUSBF system which consisted of baffle in anoxic section and biofilm in aerobic sections. Initial concentrations were 312 mg
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