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Ciach, Michał, Dominik Wikar y Małgorzata Bylicka. "Density and Flock Size of the Raven (Corvus corax) In the Orawa - Nowy Targ Basin During Non-Breeding Season". Ring 28, n.º 2 (1 de enero de 2006): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10050-008-0033-y.
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Density and Flock Size of the Raven (Corvus corax) In the Orawa - Nowy Targ Basin During Non-Breeding Season During the 2002/2003-2004/2005 non-breeding seasons the density of the Raven in the open habitats of the Orawa - Nowy Targ Basin was studied by line transect method. The results were analysed in four periods (autumn, early winter, winter and early spring). The median density of Ravens did not differ significantly between individual periods and was respectively: 3.5, 3.8, 4.8 and 3.8 indiv. / 10 km. Number of birds during particular controls varied from 1.0 to 24.8 indiv. / 10 km. However, while excluding flocks, the median density of single individuals and pairs of the Raven was considerably lower and in subsequent periods reached respectively: 2.2, 2.4, 2.2 and 1.7 indiv. / 10 km. Flock size did not differ significantly between individual periods. Single individuals and, less often, groups of two birds were recorded mostly. Small (3-5 indiv.) and medium (6-15 indiv.) flocks were recorded rarely and large flocks (16 indiv. and above) - only exceptionally. The high density and strong fluctuations of abundance of Ravens were determined by flocks presence, which was probably linked to irregular occurrence of food resources.
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Ahsan, Dewan Ali, AKM Nazrul Kabir, Md Mofizur Rahman, Shahad Mahabub, Rumana Yesmin, Md Hasan Faruque y Md Niamul Naser. "Plankton composition, abundance and diversity in hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) migratory rivers of Bangladesh during spawning season". Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences 21, n.º 2 (3 de agosto de 2012): 177–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v21i2.11516.
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Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) is one of the flagship diadromous fish species of Bangladesh that migrate only through the Ganges?Meghna river system route. The biological profile of plankton from the Padma, Meghna and Tetulia reference river sites during 2011 spawning season of hilsa showed that in total of 58 taxa of plankton were present. Of which, 19 taxa (32.76%) were of phytoplankton and 39 taxa (67.24%) of zooplankton. Phytoplankton group belonged to Cyanophyceae (6 taxa), Chlorophyceae (7 taxa) and Bacillariophyceae (6 taxa) while zooplankton including Protozoa (10 taxa), Rotifera (19 taxa), Copepoda (4 taxa), Cladocera (5 taxa) and Ostracoda (1 taxon). The average abundance of plankton was recorded as 194.05 ± 82.58 indiv/l. The highest abundance of total plankton (692 indiv/l) was observed in Godagari, Rajshahi (Station 3) and was lowest (4.00 indiv/l) in Charghat, Rajshahi (Station 2). The highest abundance (49 indiv/l) of total zooplankton was observed in Godagari and lowest (1 indiv/l) in Charghat with mean value of 19.46 ± 4.12 indiv/l. The highest species richness (SR = 45) was observed in Daulotkhan, Vhola (Station 9) and the lowest (SR = 3) in Charghat (Station 2), with mean value of 17.10±4.408. Shannon?Weiner species diversity index (H?) ranged from 3.334 in Daulotkhan (Station 9) to 1.5 in Charghat, (Station 2) with mean value of 2.717 ± 0.147. Based on the plankton profile it may be concluded that the biological quality of hilsa migratory river was not alike throughout the route which may restrict the migration up to up steam and spontaneous spawning of hilsa.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v21i2.11516 Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 21(2): 177-189, 2012 (July)
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Ichihara, Kiyoshi, Yoshihisa Itoh, Christopher W. K. Lam, Priscilla M. K. Poon, Jeong-Ho Kim, Hiroshi Kyono, Naning Chandrawening y Dewi Muliaty. "Sources of Variation of Commonly Measured Serum Analytes in 6 Asian Cities and Consideration of Common Reference Intervals". Clinical Chemistry 54, n.º 2 (1 de febrero de 2008): 356–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2007.091843.
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Abstract Background: In a previous study to determine the feasibility of common reference intervals in Asia, we found significant differences among populations from 6 cities. In this study, we attempted to define the sources of these differences. Methods: We enrolled 580 healthy volunteers (279 men, 301 women, 20–62 years old), after a selection process that was based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines, and used a lifestyle questionnaire. All sera were obtained at a basal state and frozen at −80 °C until the collective assay was done. We measured 21 basic chemical analytes and 10 serum proteins. Results: We used 3-level nested ANOVA to separate the variation (SD) into between-city (SD-city), between-sex (SD-sex), between-age (SD-age), and between-individual (SD-indiv) components. SD-indiv corresponds to one-quarter of the “pure” reference interval obtained after removing variations due to city, sex, and age. The SD-sex to SD-indiv ratio was >0.8 for creatinine, urate, retinol-binding protein, and transthyretin. We observed high SD-city to SD-indiv ratios, ranging from 0.4 to 0.7, for 11 analytes including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), electrolytes, IgG, and complement components and SD-age to SD-indiv ratios >0.4 for LDH, alkaline phosphatase, and total cholesterol. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated several other relevant sources of variation, including body mass index, alcohol consumption, and cigarette smoking, although their contributions were generally smaller than those for sex, region, or age. Conclusion: We observed unacceptably large regional differences in measured values of some analytes even after adjustment for age, sex, and lifestyle variables. Genetic and environmental factors may account for the residual differences.
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KAMBOUROGLOU, V. y A. NICOLAIDOU. "Westward advancement of Pseudonereis anomala (Polychaeta: Nereididae) in the Mediterranean Basin (Piraeus, Saronikos Bay, Aegean Sea)". Mediterranean Marine Science 7, n.º 1 (1 de junio de 2006): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.176.
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This paper reports the establishment of the Lessepsian Pseudonereis anomala (Gravier, 1901) in its new locality in the port of Piraeus (Saronikos Bay) and provides additional information on its population. The mean densities of P. anomala ranged from 0 indiv./m2 to 382.5 indiv./m2 among the calcareous alga Corallina elongata. A variety of sizes (length of the head and fi rst ten chaetigerous segments) was observed ranging fromPseudonereis anomala; Saronikos Gulf; Polychaete; Immigrant. 1.3mm to 8.1mm. There are indications that P. anomala may compete with other species of Nereididae. Accepted in December 2006
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Piech, Przemysław, Roman Kujawa, Joanna Nowosad, Dariusz Kucharczyk, Katarzyna Targońska y Mariusz Szmyt. "Influence of temperature and stocking density during rearing on larval blue bream, Ballerus ballerus (L.)". Fisheries & Aquatic Life 31, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2023): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aopf-2023-0004.
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Abstract This study determined the effects of stocking density and water temperature on the rearing parameters and survival of larval blue bream under controlled conditions. Two experimental larval blue bream rearing variants were conducted. In the first experiment, larval blue bream were reared at different stocking densities of 20, 40, 80, and 120 indiv. dm−3 at 25°C. In the second experiment, larvae were reared in water at 15, 20, 25, and 30°C at a stocking density of 40 individuals per dm3. The larval blue bream achieved the highest growth rate at the lowest density tested (20 indiv. dm−3; 69.4 mg at an average length of 26.8 mm) and at the highest temperature tested (30°C; 80.1 mg at an average length of 28.4 mm). The final larval survival rate during rearing at different temperatures ranged from 95.2 to 97.6%, while the final larval survival rate at different stocking densities ranged from 91.4 to 94.6%. The lowest growth and survival rates were recorded for larvae reared in water at 15°C and at a density of 120 indiv. dm−3.
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Carcreff, Lena, Anisoara Paraschiv-Ionescu, Corinna N. Gerber, Christopher J. Newman, Stéphane Armand y Kamiar Aminian. "A Personalized Approach to Improve Walking Detection in Real-Life Settings: Application to Children with Cerebral Palsy". Sensors 19, n.º 23 (3 de diciembre de 2019): 5316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19235316.
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Although many methods have been developed to detect walking by using body-worn inertial sensors, their performances decline when gait patterns become abnormal, as seen in children with cerebral palsy (CP). The aim of this study was to evaluate if fine-tuning an existing walking bouts (WB) detection algorithm by various thresholds, customized at the individual or group level, could improve WB detection in children with CP and typical development (TD). Twenty children (10 CP, 10 TD) wore 4 inertial sensors on their lower limbs during laboratory and out-laboratory assessments. Features extracted from the gyroscope signals recorded in the laboratory were used to tune thresholds of an existing walking detection algorithm for each participant (individual-based personalization: Indiv) or for each group (population-based customization: Pop). Out-of-laboratory recordings were analyzed for WB detection with three versions of the algorithm (i.e., original fixed thresholds and adapted thresholds based on the Indiv and Pop methods), and the results were compared against video reference data. The clinical impact was assessed by quantifying the effect of WB detection error on the estimated walking speed distribution. The two customized Indiv and Pop methods both improved WB detection (higher, sensitivity, accuracy and precision), with the individual-based personalization showing the best results. Comparison of walking speed distribution obtained with the best of the two methods showed a significant difference for 8 out of 20 participants. The personalized Indiv method excluded non-walking activities that were initially wrongly interpreted as extremely slow walking with the initial method using fixed thresholds. Customized methods, particularly individual-based personalization, appear more efficient to detect WB in daily-life settings.
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Dave, Chittaranjan y Yadvendradev Jhala. "Is competition with livestock detrimental for native wild ungulates? A case study of chital (Axis axis) in Gir Forest, India". Journal of Tropical Ecology 27, n.º 03 (10 de marzo de 2011): 239–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467410000738.
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Abstract:Livestock graze Indian forests to varying extents but their impact on wild native ungulates is rarely understood. Negative impacts of sympatric livestock on chital (Axis axis) demography and food availability were assessed and compared in the Gir Forest, India, at different spatio-temporal scales. No difference in average group size (mean ± SE) (7.11 ± 0.8 indiv.) (short-term response), fawn to doe ratio (0.43 ± 0.03) (short- to medium-term response), chital density (44.8 ± 7.1 indiv. km−2) (medium- to long-term response), and rate of population increase (r= 0.07 ± 0.014) (long-term response) was found between areas sympatric and livestock-free at the larger spatial scale of Gir Forest. Instead, chital density was correlated with rainfall (r= 0.92). After controlling for confounding factors of rainfall, vegetation community, terrain and lion density, chital density was 62% higher for livestock-free compared with sympatric areas but other demographic parameters showed no statistical difference. Peak above-ground biomass was greater in livestock-free (3255 ± 209 kg ha−1) compared to sympatric areas (1438 ± 152 kg ha−1), but chital food was more abundant in moderately grazed areas compared to livestock-free areas. Overall, long-term livestock grazing has depressive effects on chital but in the short term habitat productivity and suitability overrides the depressive effects of sympatric livestock.
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Hirvenoja, Mauri, Ernst Palmén y Elina Hirvenoja. "The emergence of Halocladius variabilis (Staeger) (Diptera: Chironomidae) in the surroundings of the Tvärminne Biological Station in the northern Baltic Sea". Entomologica Fennica 17, n.º 2 (1 de junio de 2006): 87–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.33338/ef.84292.
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The emergence of the marine species Halocladius variabilis (Staeger) in the surroundings of theTvärminne Biological Station (about 6‰S) in the northernBaltic Sea in 1952–1953 is outlined. Most individuals emerged in the submerged funnel traps used in the study from the last half of May to the end of June. The population density in the sites studied varied between 0 and 328 indiv./m2; wide areas had a population density of nearly 10 indiv./m2. No emergence was found in the traps nearest to the buildings of the station, but the highest numbers of the emergence occurred in the most distant sites studied.
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Trapanese, Cinzia, Benjamin Robira, Giordana Tonachella, Silvia di Gristina, Hélène Meunier y Shelly Masi. "Where and what? Frugivory is associated with more efficient foraging in three semi-free ranging primate species". Royal Society Open Science 6, n.º 5 (mayo de 2019): 181722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.181722.
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Foraging in seasonal environments can be cognitively challenging. Comparative studies have associated brain size with a frugivorous diet. We investigated how fruit distribution ( where ) and preference ( what ) affect foraging decisions in three semi-free ranging primate species with different degrees of frugivory: Macaca tonkeana ( N indiv = 5; N trials = 430), M. fascicularis ( N indiv = 3; N trials = 168) and Sapajus apella ( N indiv = 6; N trials = 288). We used 36 boxes fixed on trees and filled with highly and less preferred fruits with different (weekly) spatio-temporal distributions. Individuals were tested in two conditions: (1) same fruit provided concurrently in the same quantity but in a scattered and in a clumped distribution, (2) highly preferred fruit was scattered while the less preferred was clumped. Generally, primates preferred feeding first on the boxes of the clumped distribution in both conditions, with the more frugivorous species at a higher degree than the less frugivorous species in condition (1), but not (2). Therefore, what fruit was available changed the foraging decisions of the more frugivorous species who also engaged more in goal-directed travel. When feeding on preferred fruit, primates probably maximized foraging efficiency regardless of their degree of frugivory. Our findings emphasize that the food type and distribution may be a preponderant driver in cognitive evolution.
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Mozumder, Pronob Kumar, Habiba Sultana, Bipul Chandra Biswas y Md Abdur Rob Mollah. "Ecological Assessment of Fish Culture Water Bodies Around Dhaka City, Bangladesh". Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 49, n.º 2 (19 de noviembre de 2021): 267–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v49i2.56263.
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This study was conducted during the period November, 2014 - June, 2015 in two urban fish culture pond, at Kalshi and Namapara area of Dhaka city. These ponds are connected to Baunia canal. Water samples were collected seasonally for water quality and zooplankton analyses. Except DO all other measured water quality parameters (pH, TDS, TSS, total ammonia-N, total nitrite-N, total nitrate-N, total phosphate, total sulphate, alkalinity and hardness) were found higher in water. A total of 10 heavy metals (Zn, Fe, Pb, Cd, Al, As, Cu, Na, Mn and Cr) were measured for determining its concentrations in waters in two seasons. A total of 10 zooplankton species were recorded at Kalshi during the study period and on an average, the density of zooplankton in dry season and in wet season were estimated to be 1386 indiv./L and 244 indiv./L respectively. On the other hand, a total of 19 zooplankton species were identified from Namapara water body and on an average, the density of zooplankton in dry season and in wet season were estimated to be 1760 indiv/L and 343 indiv./L respectively. Bacteriological analysis included the total plate count (TPC), total coliform (TC) and total faecal coliform (TFC) counts in waters, both in wet and dry seasons. In general, water qualities of the studied fish culture water bodies are highly deviated from the permissible standard levels of Environment conservation rules, 1997 and unsuitable for fish culture from fish health point of view. The measured high levels of metals in waters are likely to bioaccumulate in fish body. High abundance of bacterial flora in fish culture waters is also likely to be associated with fish health and may cause enteric diseases. Therefore, fish culture in these urban water bodies is likely pose potential health risks for human through consuming these fishes. Bangladesh J. Zool. 49 (2): 267-276, 2021
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De la Guardia, Elena, Dorka Cobián Rojas, Leonardo Espinosa, Zaimiuri Hernández, Lázaro García y Jesús Ernesto Arias González. "Distribución y abundancia del pez león Pterois volitans (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae) y especies nativas asociadas en el Parque Marino Cayos de San Felipe, Cuba". Revista de Biología Tropical 65, n.º 1 (23 de septiembre de 2016): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v65i1.23345.
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The first lionfish sighting at the National Park "Cayos de San Felipe" was in 2009 and could be a threat to its marine ecosystem diversity and their capacity to generate services. To analyze the incidence of the lionfish invasion in the area, an annual sampling was conducted between 2013 and 2015. Lionfish abundance and size was investigated on mangroves through visual census on ten transects of 30x2 m/station, and on coral reefs (15 and 25 m deep) with stereo video on six transects of 50x2 m/station. Additionally, incidence of potential native competitors and predators on coral reefs were also estimated. Over the three years, the average density of lionfish varied between 0.0-1.3 indiv./100 m2 per sample stations and it was not significantly different among habitats (mangroves with 0.6 indiv./100 m2, reefs at 15 m - 0.4 indiv./100 m2 and reef at 25 m with 0.3 indiv./100 m2). Lionfish’s density was equal to or lower than competitors’ density, and was equal to or higher than predator’s density in both depths. While lionfish density on mangroves and on reefs at 25 m remained temporally stable, it decreased on reefs at 15 m. Temporary increase in the competitor’s density was observed and the predator´s density did not change during the monitored time. Lionfish size varied between 5 and 39 cm; the average fish size from mangroves (12.6 cm) was consistently lower than from reefs (25.2 cm) and showed no variations among years. Lionfish size in reefs was higher than competitor’s size and lower than that of predator. Results showed that in the park: 1) mangroves represent lionfish nursery areas; 2) incidence of reef lionfish was not as high as in other areas of Cuba and the Caribbean; and 3) lionfish abundance in reefs tended to decrease over the years, without the intervention of extractive activities or high abundance of large size native groupers. In this sense, recommendations are made to continue monitoring and to investigate lionfish effects and factors that are regulating its incidence in the park.
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Almeida, Patrícia Souza de, Evandro Alves Vieira, Thaiane De Morais Bispo y Geovane Cândido da Silva. "Diversidade entomofaunística em três fitofisionomias de uma reserva ambiental em Coxim-MS. DOI: 10.7902/ecb.v2i1.31". Evolução e Conservação da Biodiversidade 2, n.º 1 (13 de junio de 2012): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7902/2issecbvol1.2011n31.
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<p>A composição das espécies de formigas dentro das comunidades é influenciada pela distribuição dos recursos a serem explorados, e também pelas estratégias utilizadas por esses indivíduos para a sua obtenção. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a importância da integridade do hábitat para a distribuição e diversidade da comunidade de formigas existentes em três fitofisionomias: Mata Ciliar, Cerrado Sensu Stricto e Cerradão. Foram utilizadas armadilhas do tipo pitfal com iscas, dispostas ordenadamente ao longo de um transecto nos três pontos escolhidos. Foram amostrados 60.266 indivíduos, distribuídos em 4 subfamílias com 14 morfoespécies. Foi observada diferença significativa entre o número de indivíduos e a época de coleta, com 29% capturados durante a seca e 71% no período chuvoso. Os maiores índices de diversidade foram obtidos para a área de Cerradão nos dois períodos de coleta denotando a maior riqueza de espécies desta fitofisionomia quando comparada aos dois outros pontos.</p>
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Almeida, Patrícia Souza de, Evandro Alves Vieira, Thaiane De Morais Bispo y Geovane Cândido da Silva. "Diversidade entomofaunística em três fitofisionomias de uma reserva ambiental em Coxim-MS. DOI: 10.7902/ecb.v2i1.31". Evolução e Conservação da Biodiversidade 2, n.º 1 (13 de junio de 2012): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7902/ecb.v2i1.31.
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<p>A composição das espécies de formigas dentro das comunidades é influenciada pela distribuição dos recursos a serem explorados, e também pelas estratégias utilizadas por esses indivíduos para a sua obtenção. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a importância da integridade do hábitat para a distribuição e diversidade da comunidade de formigas existentes em três fitofisionomias: Mata Ciliar, Cerrado Sensu Stricto e Cerradão. Foram utilizadas armadilhas do tipo pitfal com iscas, dispostas ordenadamente ao longo de um transecto nos três pontos escolhidos. Foram amostrados 60.266 indivíduos, distribuídos em 4 subfamílias com 14 morfoespécies. Foi observada diferença significativa entre o número de indivíduos e a época de coleta, com 29% capturados durante a seca e 71% no período chuvoso. Os maiores índices de diversidade foram obtidos para a área de Cerradão nos dois períodos de coleta denotando a maior riqueza de espécies desta fitofisionomia quando comparada aos dois outros pontos.</p>
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Mozumder, Pronob Kumar, M. Niamul Naser y Abu Tweb Abu Ahmed. "Abundance of zooplankton and physico-chemical parameters of a polyculture fish pond of Manikganj, Bangladesh". Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 42, n.º 1 (13 de mayo de 2015): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v42i1.23337.
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Composition and abundance of zooplankton in a polyculture pond was studied during June 2003 to May 2004. A total of 33 major species of zooplankton including 11genera of Rotifera, 4 of Copepoda, 4 genera of Cladocera and 2 genera of Protozoa were identified. The monthly abundance of zooplankton varied form 4228 indiv/l in October 2003 to169 indiv/l in January 2004. Among the total zooplankton, Rotifera comprised of 71.07%, Copepoda comprised of 12.49% Nauplii comprised of 11.96%, Cladocera comprised of 1.49% and Protozoa comprised of 2.99%. Water temperature (r = 0.18), free CO2 (r = 0.40), TDS (r = 0.14) and water depth (r = 0.55) showed positive correlation with zooplankton but air temperature, pH, dissolved O2, total hardness and ammonia showed negative correlation (the coefficients being -0.18, -0.05, -0.25, -0.38 and -0.11 respectively) with the occurrence of zooplankton. The average growth of fishes and zooplankton showed positive correlation in all cases but the relations were insignificant when tested statistically.Bangladesh J. Zool. 42(1): 67-76, 2014
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Bendassolli, Pedro F. "Romantismo anticapitalista?" GV-executivo 5, n.º 3 (3 de octubre de 2006): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvexec.v5n3.2006.34308.
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Em seu mais recente livro, Richard Sennett amplia sua discussão sobre os efeitos nocivos das novas condições de trabalho sobre os indivíduos e critica a cultura consumista que adentrou na experiência atual com o trabalho.
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Rodrigues, Flávio Rogério de Oliveira y Flávia Regina Capellotto Costa. "Litter as a filter of emergence for herbaceous seedlings and sporophytes in central Amazonia". Journal of Tropical Ecology 28, n.º 5 (29 de agosto de 2012): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467412000491.
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Abstract:We conducted a study in 30 plots distributed uniformly in an area of 25 km2 at Ducke Reserve, Manaus, to test the hypothesis that understorey herb richness and abundance are mediated by litter, manipulating experimentally the amount of litter in the field. Over 10 mo, we followed the emergence of herbaceous seedlings and sporophytes in control, litter-addition and litter-exclusion treatments, covering an area of 1.2 m2 per plot in each treatment. We also assessed the relationship between topography and litter depth and frequency of bare-soil patches; and the influence of density of reproductive individuals on the emergence of herbs. Litter depth decreased, and the frequency of bare-soil patches increased with terrain slope in the wet season, but were not related with the soil clay content. Neither was related to the topography in the dry season. Emergence of pteridophytes was four times higher in the litter-exclusion treatment (3.7 ± 1.1 individuals m−2) than in the litter-addition treatment (0.9 ± 0.28 indiv. m−2) and increased with soil clay content. Seedlings from monocot herbs emerged twice more frequently in the litter exclusion (0.71 ± 0.25 indiv. m−2) than in the litter-addition treatment (0.33 ± 0.11 indiv. m−2), and also more in sites with high density of fruiting plants. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that regeneration of herbs with very small propagules is strongly affected by the physical barrier imposed by litter. Given that litter is shallower on slopes during the wet season, this creates a pattern of higher density and richness of pteridophytes in these areas. Monocot herbs, although also limited by litter, were more highly limited by availability of propagules, and their distribution patterns are at least in part explained by dispersal limitation. We conclude that litter is an important causal factor behind the herb distribution patterns along topographical gradients.
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Syahid, Amirul, I. G. Swibawa, Solikhin Solikhin y Yuyun Fitriana. "IDENTIFIKASI BERBASIS MORFOLOGI NEMATODA PURU AKAR (Meloidogyne spp.) PADA PERTANAMAN JAMBU BIJI KRISTAL DI PROVINSI LAMPUNG". Jurnal Agrotek Tropika 9, n.º 1 (31 de enero de 2021): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jat.v9i1.4781.
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Jambu biji Kristal saat ini populer di Lampung di antara buah-buahan tropika lainnya. Salah OPT penting yang menyerang jambu biji ini yaitu nematoda puru akar (NPA). Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mempelajari spesies nematoda puru akar yang berasosiasi dengan tanaman jambu biji kristal di Lampung dilakukan pada bulan Januari-April 2019. Pengambilan sampel nematoda dilakukan pada lahan pertanaman jambu biji kristal di PT GGF, PT GGP, dan di desa Sinar Betung Kecamatan Talang Padang Kabupaten Tanggamus. Sebanyak 40 sampel akar jambu diambil dari ketiga perkebunan tersebut dan dilakukan penghitungan nematoda betina dewasa di Laboratorium Ilmu Hama Tumbuhan Universitas Lampung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah puru yang tinggi ditemukan pada pertanaman GGF 2 yaitu 88 puru/g akar, dan rendah di PT GGP yaitu 27,6 puru/g akar. Jumlah juvenil tinggi yaitu 351 indiv/g akar ditemukan pada Blok pertanaman 41 D2, dan rendah yaitu 10 indiv/g akar di blok pertanaman 2 J1, PT GGP Lampung Tengah. Ditemukan dua spesies nematoda puru akar, yaitu Meloidogyne incognita dan Meloidogyne Javanica, dengan komposisi masing-masing 97,3% dan 3,33%.
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Cremonesi, Marcus Vinicius, Alessandra Santos, Danilo Eduardo Rozane, Marie Luise Carolina Bartz y George Gardner Brown. "Earthworm species in Musa spp. plantations in Brazil and worldwide". ZooKeys 1033 (22 de abril de 2021): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1033.54331.
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Bananas and plantains are major commodity/food crops that represent an important habitat for earthworms, although so far, no review is available on earthworm communities associated with banana/plantain crops worldwide. The Vale do Ribeira region is among the largest banana producing areas in Brazil, but little is known of the earthworms living there. Hence, the present study assessed earthworm populations and species in three banana plantations and adjacent Atlantic forest fragments along the Ribeira de Iguape River using standard (hand sorting) methodologies. Furthermore, we review earthworm populations reported in banana/plantain plantations worldwide. Only two species (Pontoscolex corethrurus, Amynthas gracilis) belonging to two families (Rhinodrilidae, Megascolecidae) were found in the Ribeira River valley, occurring concurrently. Abundance was low (< 13 indiv. m-2) compared with other banana plantations worldwide, that frequently surpassed 100 indiv. m-2. More than 70 studies reported earthworms from >200 banana plantations in 28 countries, and mean species richness was 2.7 per site, ranging from 1 to 10 species. Exotics predominated in most sites and P. corethrurus was the most prevalent species encountered. Overall, more than 104 species from 10 families were reported, with around 61 native and 43 exotic widespread species, mainly of the Megascolecidae, Lumbricidae and Acanthodrilidae families. Richness was highest in India (27 spp.) and the Canary Islands (25 spp.), but native species dominated only in a few countries and sites, while exotics were prevalent especially in island countries and Brazil. Lower-input practices appear to be important for earthworm communities and banana plantations can have large earthworm populations in some cases, which may be contributing to soil processes and plant production, topics that deserve further attention. However, many important banana-producing countries have not yet been evaluated, so further work is warranted, both in terms of applied ecology and biodiversity.
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Serafim, Mauricio C. "Felicidade nas organizações". GV-executivo 8, n.º 1 (27 de mayo de 2009): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvexec.v8n1.2009.23888.
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Há duas visões distintas sobre o significado de felicidade. Na primeira, ser feliz equivale a um estado subjetivo, avaliado do ponto de vista do indivíduo. Na segunda, a felicidade depende de ações objetivas no mundo que privilegiem a excelência moral
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Kim, Jae-Hoon, Gil-Pyo Hong y Bo-Yeon Hwang. "Analysis of the current status of Gaviidae birds arriving in Hallyeohaesang National Park Geoje⋅Haegeumgang districts and the correlation of marine environmental factors". Korea National Park Research Institute 13, n.º 1 (30 de junio de 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.54406/jnpr.2022.13.1.001.
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The habitat of Gaviidae off the coast of Geoje Island is the only large-scale wintering site for Gaviidae in Korea and is located in the Geoje and Haegeumgang districts of Hallyeohaesang National Park. It is known that from December to April of the following year, more than 1,000 to 2,000 individuals regularly overwinter along the coast of Geoje Island. The Cultural Heritage Administration has designated and protected the Gaviidae habitat along the coast of Geoje Island as Natural Monument No. 227. The first arrival was recorded in mid-December of the previous year (2018), and the population surged in early March, and the maximum number (1,027 indiv.) was recorded in early April. In 2020, it first arrived in early January of the year, and the maximum number (1,174 indiv.) was shown in early April. In 2021, it first arrived in mid-January, and the maximum number (825 indiv.) was recorded in early April. Since the Gaviidae clustered in the maximum number of individuals return to their habitat, correlation analysis was conducted with marine environmental factors from the first arrival to the range of the period when the maximum number appeared. In 2019, water temperature showed a significant correlation, in 2020, salinity and temperature, and in 2021, there was no significant value. As a result of analyzing three years of data, water temperature, air temperature, and wind speed showed significant correlations. In 2019 and 2021, the significance of the entire regression equation could not be determined, and in 2020, salinity, water temperature, dissolved oxygen in the order of significance level. The overall regression result for the three-year data collection showed high significance, but it did not show a significant value in the analysis by marine environmental factors. As a result of analyzing the dispersion homogeneity of the maximum population recorded in February and April and marine environmental factors, it can be said that water temperature, salinity, pH, and chlorophyll-a all had significant variance differences from the maximum population.
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Tella, José L., Dailos Hernández-Brito, Guillermo Blanco y Fernando Hiraldo. "Urban Sprawl, Food Subsidies and Power Lines: An Ecological Trap for Large Frugivorous Bats in Sri Lanka?" Diversity 12, n.º 3 (6 de marzo de 2020): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12030094.
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Electrocution is one of the less known anthropogenic impacts likely affecting the bat population. We surveyed 925 km of overhead distribution power lines that supply energy to spreading urbanized areas in Sri Lanka, recording 300 electrocuted Indian flying foxes (Pteropus giganteus). Electrocutions were recorded up to 58 km from the nearest known colony, and all of them were in urbanized areas and very close ( X ¯ = 4.8 m) to the exotic fruiting trees cultivated in gardens. Predictable anthropogenic food subsidies, in the form of cultivated fruits and flowers, seem to attract flying foxes to urban habitats, which in turn become ecological traps given their high electrocution risk. However, electrocution rates greatly varied among the 352 power lines surveyed (0.00–24.6 indiv./km), being highest in power lines with four wires oriented vertically ( X ¯ = 0.92 indiv./km) and almost zero in power lines with wires oriented horizontally. Therefore, the latter design should be applied to projected new power lines and old vertically oriented lines in electrocution hotspots should be substituted. Given that flying foxes are key seed dispersers and pollinators, their foraging habitat selection change toward urban habitats together with high electrocution risk not only may contribute to their population decline but also put their ecosystem services at risk.
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Aquino, Rolando, Luis López, Iris Arévalo y Jesús Daza. "Diversidad y abundancia de primates y sus amenazas en el interfluvio de los ríos Napo y Putumayo, Amazonía peruana". Revista Peruana de Biología 23, n.º 3 (20 de diciembre de 2016): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v23i3.12859.
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En el nororiente de la Amazonía peruana todavía existen áreas con escasa información sobre primates, siendo una de ellas el interfluvio entre los ríos Napo-Putumayo, lo que motivó la conducción de este estudio para determinar su diversidad y abundancia, así como identificar las amenazas para sus poblaciones. Para este propósito se realizaron censos por transectos en octubre del 2007, setiembre del 2013 y noviembre del 2014 en tres sitios de muestreo. En 1040 km de transectos recorridos fueron observados 308 grupos pertenecientes a nueve especies, siendo Leontocebus nigricollis el más común (109 grupos) y Alouatta seniculus el más escaso (16 grupos). Grupos más pequeños de Lagothrix lagothricha lagothricha (8-11 individuos) y A. seniculus (3-5 individuos) fueron observados en Tamboryacu considerado como el sitio de muestreo de mayor perturbación. Asimismo, la densidad poblacional más baja estimada para L. l. lagothricha y A. seniculus también correspondió a este sitio de muestreo con 3.8 indiv./km2 y 1.6 indiv./km2, respectivamente, mientras que para el resto de especies no hubo mayores diferencias entre los sitios de muestreo. Entre las actividades, la caza y extracción de madera son las principales amenazas y responsables para la escasa población de A. seniculus y l. l. lagotricha, principalmente en la cuenca del río Napo.
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Aquino, Rolando, Luis López, Johannes Dignum, Silvia Díaz y Rodrigo Falcón. "Diversidad y abundancia de primates en bosques de baja y alta perturbación humana de Los Chilchos, Amazonas, Perú". Revista peruana de Biología 25, n.º 4 (7 de diciembre de 2018): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v25i4.15532.
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En los bosques montanos de Los Chilchos habitan cinco especies de primates, cuya situación actual, tamaño de grupo y abundancia son desconocidos, información que es indispensable para el manejo y la formulación e implementación de medidas de conservación. Afín de obtener información sobre los aspectos mencionados, fueron conducidos censos por transecto lineal entre junio y julio del 2017 en bosques de baja y alta perturbación antrópica. Como resultado de los censos fueron registrados 63 grupos pertenecientes a 5 especies. De ellos, 50 grupos correspondieron a los bosques de baja perturbación, siendo Aotus miconax y Ateles belzebuth los más observados con 21 y 17 grupos, respectivamente. Grupos más grandes se observaron en Cebus yuracus (promedio 17.0±5.0 individuos) y A. belzebuth (promedio 14.5±7.2 individuos) y más pequeños en A. miconax (promedio 2.6±0.7 individuos). Con excepción de Lagothrix flavicauda, la abundancia relativa y densidad poblacional fueron más altas en bosques de baja perturbación, demostrando así el buen estado de conservación, lo que no ocurre en bosques de alta perturbación. Entre los primates, la densidad más alta fue para A. miconax con 26.23 indiv./km2 y más baja para Alouatta seniculus con 3.0 indiv./km2. Lagothrix flavicauda fue registrada únicamente en bosque de alta perturbación, cuya abundancia relativa fue estimada en 0.1 grupos/ 10 km.
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Szlauer-Łukaszewska, Agnieszka y Vladimir Pešić. "Habitat factors differentiating the occurrence of Ostracoda (Crustacea) in the floodplain of a small lowland River Krąpiel (N-W Poland)". Knowledge & Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, n.º 421 (2020): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2020012.
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We analysed the occurrence of ostracods in a small river, taking into account all the types of water bodies in the floodplain − these included helocrenes, oxbow lakes, and ponds, as well as the main river channel. The objective of the study was to investigate the variation in ostracod communities and identify those factors determining species distribution. The environmental factors considered were the type of water body, responsible for 17% of the variance, the physical and chemical water properties (29%), and the biotic and abiotic factors associated with the substrate type (23%). Among the factors associated with the substrate, sediment sorting, plant coverage and insolation were the most important. The ostracod fauna of the helocrenes differed from that of the other water bodies in the floodplain. In the water bodies of the Krąpiel valley and in the main river channel, 33 ostracod species were recorded, of which 26 were found in the main river channel. Refugia in the floodplain were the main source of the diversity and abundance of ostracods in the main river channel. The mean density in the main river channel was very low, at 330 indiv. m−2, while in the water bodies of the floodplain it was the greatest, reaching up to 5568 indiv. m−2.
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Suheriyanto, D., E. A. Ningtyas y R. Susilowati. "The relationship between mangroves and bivalves abundance in Cengkrong Beach, Trenggalek Regency". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1312, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 2024): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1312/1/012003.
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Abstract Cengkrong Beach in Trenggalek Regency has extensive mangrove forest. Mangrove forests play an important role in maintaining aquatic productivity and supporting people’s lives. Bivalve is one of the biota that lives in mangroves and is used by the people around the mangrove forest. The research aims to identify mangroves and bivalves, analyze the abundance of mangroves and bivalves, and determine the relationship between mangroves and bivalves. Mangrove sampling was carried out on 6 transects. Each transect was made 7 with plots measuring 10 m x 10 m with a distance of 5 m and bivalve samples were taken using a 1 m x 1 m plot with 5 plots in that plot. Research data were analyzed using PAST 4.13. The results of the study found 15 species of mangroves and 4 genera of bivalves. The highest mangrove abundance value was Rhizophora apiculata with a value of 0.0092 indiv./m2 and bivalves were of the genus Isognomon with a value of 4.138 indiv./m2. The results of the analysis showed that there was a relationship between the mangrove Sonneratia caseolaris and the bivalve of genus Pilsbryoconcha, the mangrove Aegiceras floridum and the bivalve of genus Geloina, the mangrove Avicennia alba and the bivalve of genus Saccostrea and the mangrove R. apiculata and the bivalve of genus Isognomon.
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Eid Junior, William. "Caverna global". GV-executivo 4, n.º 2 (3 de octubre de 2005): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvexec.v4n2.2005.34528.
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O uso disseminado de tecnologias eletrônicas de informação e de telecomunicação gerou uma intensa conectividade entre mercados, empresas e economias nacionais. Como resultado, crises desenroladas em uma parte do planeta são imediatamente transferidas, por contágio, às outras partes da rede formada por esses agentes econômicos. O artigo analisa as origens desse contágio e seus principais efeitos sobre países, empresas e indivíduos.
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Terzian, Françoise. "Lições da experiência". GV-executivo 5, n.º 5 (3 de octubre de 2006): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvexec.v5n5.2006.34198.
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Contrariamente a algumas intuições dominantes, aprendizagem e crescimento pessoal não se limitam a uma idade específi ca. Dependem muito mais de um estado de espírito favorável. Neste artigo, o leitor acompanha o depoimento de quatro experientes executivos. Em tais depoimentos, falam sobre senioridade a partir de diferentes perspectivas, mas insistem sobre os ganhos e lições que só a idade pode trazer aos indivíduos e às empresas.
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Aquino, Rolando, Luis López, Gabriel García y Elvis Charpentier. "Inventario y evaluación de primates y amenazas para sus poblaciones en bosque montano de la Región Huánuco, Perú". Ciencia Amazónica (Iquitos) 5, n.º 1 (30 de junio de 2015): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22386/ca.v5i1.91.
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El estudio estuvo orientado al inventario y evaluación de primates e identificar las amenazas para sus poblaciones en bosque montano de la Región Huánuco, un área poco explorado con respecto a la fauna silvestre. De Junio a Julio y de Setiembre a Octubre del 2014, fueron conducidos censos por transecto en puntos de muestreo correspondientes a las microcuencas de los ríos Chontayacu y Chinchao y cuenca alta del río Huallaga. En 618 km de longitud recorrida fueron registrados 47 grupos pertenecientes a cinco especies, siendo las más comunes <em>Alouatta seniculus</em> (15 grupos) y <em>Lagothrix flavicauda</em> (13 grupos). <em>L. flavicauda</em> fue observada únicamente en la Microcuenca del río Chontayacu, y <em>Ateles chamek </em> en la Cuenca alta del río Huallaga. En el área de estudio, los primates viven en parches de bosques primario y residual, excepto en el Chontayacu, donde el bosque primario es todavía denso y extenso. La densidad poblacional fue más alta para <em>L. flavicauda</em> (20,8 indiv./km<sup>2</sup>) y más baja para <em>Sapajus macrocephalus</em> (2,7 indiv./km<sup>2</sup>). Entre las actividades observadas, la deforestación para la agricultura y ganadería constituye la principal amenaza para la supervivencia de primates, en particular en la Microcuenca del río Chinchao y Cuenca alta del río Huallaga.
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Traunspurger, Walter, André Witthöft-Mühlmann y Sebastian Höss. "Free-living nematode communities in a large and deep oligotrophic lake in Europe: comparison of different depth zones of Lake Constance (Germany)". Nematology 23, n.º 1 (2 de julio de 2020): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-bja10030.
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Summary This study investigated the abundance, biomass, species richness, species distribution and feeding types of free-living nematodes in Lake Constance, a deep, oligotrophic lake in Germany. Three water depth zones, the sublittoral (13-30 m water depth), profundal (31-99 m) and deep profundal (100-250 m), were distinguished and 16 sites from each water depth zone were sampled. A high nematode species richness was determined at all three zones, with 129 species in the sublittoral, 113 in the profundal and 92 in the deep profundal. In total, 171 nematode species were identified in this study. The dominant species (relative abundance > 5%) in all water depths were Ethmolaimus pratensis, Eumonhystera filiformis, E. longicaudatula, E. vulgaris and E. andrassyi, Hofmaenneria brachystoma, Ironus tenuicaudatus, Monhystera paludicola/stagnalis, Prismatolaimus intermedius and Tobrilus gracilis. High mean densities of 507-730 indiv. 10 cm−2 were found at each water depth, with a mean overall density of 627 indiv. 10 cm−2. The high abundance resulted in a high mean biomass (1.19 mg wet weight 10 cm−2; range 0.92-1.37 mg wet weight 10 cm−2) for nematodes in Lake Constance. Deposit feeders were the dominant feeding type at all water depth zones (51.7%), followed by epistrate feeders (17.6%), chewers-omnivores (15.9%) and chewers-predators (11.0%). Suction feeders accounted for <4% in the lake as a whole. The structure of the nematode communities in the three zones correlated with sediment texture (water content, clay content), as well as total sulphur and nutrient-related parameters (ATP, bacteria, algae, C:N ratio).
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Parry, Luke, Jos Barlow y Carlos A. Peres. "Large-vertebrate assemblages of primary and secondary forests in the Brazilian Amazon". Journal of Tropical Ecology 23, n.º 6 (29 de octubre de 2007): 653–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467407004506.
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Secondary forests account for 40% of all tropical forests yet little is known regarding their suitability as habitat for diurnal large mammals and game birds. This is especially so for second-growth that develops on large areas of degraded land. We address this by investigating assemblages of large-bodied birds and mammals in extensive patches of secondary forest in the Jarí region of the north-eastern Brazilian Amazon, comparing species richness and abundance against that of adjacent undisturbed primary forests. We conducted 184 km of line-transect censuses over a period of 3 mo, and found that although primary and secondary forests held a similar abundance of large vertebrates, the species composition was very different. Secondary forests supported a high abundance of ungulate browsers (0.85 vs 0.44 indiv. per 10 km) and smaller-bodied primates (15.6 vs 4.6 indiv. per 10 km) compared with primary forests. However, large prehensile-tailed primates were absent (black spider monkey Ateles paniscus) or at very low abundance (Guyanan red howler monkey Alouatta macconelli) in secondary forest. The abundance of large frugivorous/granivorous birds was also low in secondary forests compared with primary forests (22.6 vs 37.1 individuals per 10 km, respectively). Faunal assemblages appear to reflect food resource availability. Concurrent vegetation surveys indicated that secondary forests had high levels of terrestrial and understorey browse. Fruit production was largely restricted to pioneer trees such as Bellucia and Inga spp. Although these regenerating forests were an important habitat for large mammals and birds, they were limited in terms of faunal richness, particularly dispersers of large-seeded plants.
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Parente, Juracy y Edgard Barki. "Oportunidades na baixa renda". GV-executivo 4, n.º 1 (3 de octubre de 2005): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvexec.v4n1.2005.34554.
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A concentração de renda no Brasil permanece como uma das mais elevadas do mundo. A conseqüência é a existência de uma enorme massa de indivíduos com baixo poder aquisitivo. Entretanto, essa população representa um grande mercado consumidor deixado às margens por nossas empresas. Este artigo, com base em pesquisa realizada no setor varejista, analisa as principais características do consumidor de classe baixa e indica caminhos para que as empresas se posicionem diante desse desafio.
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Jaman, M. Firoj, Md Saidur Rahman y Muhammad Enamul Haque. "Diversity of avifauna at the Bangladesh Academy for Rural Development (BARD), Kotbari, Comilla". University Journal of Zoology, Rajshahi University 30 (24 de mayo de 2012): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v30i0.10746.
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The diversity of avifauna at the BARD (Bangladesh Academy for Rural Development), Comilla was studied from March, 2010 to March, 2011. A total of 41 species of birds (20 non-passerines and 21passerines) were identified. Among the total species, 37 (90.25%) were resident and 4 (9.75%) were winter migrants. Regarding to the habitat types utilized by individual species, 11 was bush dwellers, 5 at open place, 5 on human habitations, 4 on tall trees, 10 in garden, 6 found at near the pond. Relative abundance (by number) showed that 10 species were very common, 25 common, 9 fairly common and 7 few. The highest density was recorded for Passer domesticus (480.15 indiv. / acre) and the lowest was for Dicrurus macrocercus (1.29 indiv. / acre). Among these birds, 18 (43.91%) species were insectivores, 6 (14.64%) piscivores, 6 (14.64%) granivores, 2 (4.88%) frugivores, 4 (9.76%) rodentivores, only one (2.44%) nectar feeder and the rest 3 (7.32%) were mixed feeders. Among the avifauna, 8 (21.63%) species were included in the threatened category, of which 2 (5.41%) were critically endangered, 3 (8.11%) endangered and 3 (8.11%) vulnerable nationally. Direct communication with local people recorded that illegal exploitation of forest, trapping, shooting of birds and collection of young as cage birds are the mentionable causes of decline of the diversity and population of avifauna in the study area. Control of unwise exploitation, plantation of indigenous fruit-trees and creation of awareness, preparation of integrated management action plan (IMAP) and its implementation in co-operation with National and International organizations are mostly essential for conservation of avian diversity in the study area.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v30i0.10746Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 30, 2011 pp. 41-44
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Kulpas, Sergio. "Identificação biométrica". GV-executivo 5, n.º 5 (3 de octubre de 2006): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvexec.v5n5.2006.34192.
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O mundo desenvolvido parece estar entrando em uma nova fase das tecnologias de identifi cação. Trata-se agora das identifi cações biométricas, baseadas na coleta de informações altamente singulares dos indivíduos, como sua íris ou impressão digital. O artigo analisa a expansão recente desse novo mercado e mostra como ele está infl uenciando os padrões de relacionamento de diversas empresas de serviços com seus clientes, como bancos e supermercados.
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Dutra, Joel. "Gestão de carreiras". GV-executivo 7, n.º 1 (3 de octubre de 2008): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvexec.v7n1.2008.34084.
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 8pt; line-height: 115%;">Carreiras não são mais sinônimo de cargo, no qual o indivíduo permanecia a vida toda conduzido pela organização. Porém, as empresas têm um importante papel no desenvolvimento de seus profissionais e não podem abrir mão disso caso queiram reter os melhores talentos</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
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Kardum, Igor, Jasna Hudek-Knezevic, David P. Schmitt y Petra Grundler. "Corrigendum to “Personality and mate poaching experiences” [Pers. Indiv. Differ. 75 (2015) 7–12]". Personality and Individual Differences 78 (mayo de 2015): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.01.039.
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Kasper, Carlos B., Fábio D. Mazim, José B. G. Soares y Tadeu G. de Oliveira. "Density estimates and conservation of Leopardus pardalis southernmost population of the Atlantic Forest". Iheringia. Série Zoologia 105, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2015): 367–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-476620151053367371.
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ABSTRACT Using camera traps and capture/recapture analyses we recorded the presence and abundance of cat species at Turvo State Park, in southern Brazil. Ocelot [Leopardus pardalis (Linnaeus, 1758)] population density was estimated for two areas of the park, with differing management profiles. Density estimates varied from 0.14 to 0.26 indiv. km2. Another five cat species were recorded at very low frequencies, precluding more accurate analyses. We estimate 24 to 45 ocelots occur in the reserve, which is probably too small for long-term maintenance of the population, if isolated. However, if habitat integrity and connectivity between the Park and the Green Corridor of Misiones is maintained, an estimated ocelot population of 1,680 individuals should have long-term viability.
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Freitas, Maria Ester de. "Gestores da vida". GV-executivo 1, n.º 1 (3 de octubre de 2002): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvexec.v1n1.2002.34763.
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As organizações modernas alcançaram uma importância que nunca tiveram antes e estão assumindo o papel de atores centrais da sociedade. Em um contexto de mudanças e de crise de identidade, elas substituem a família, a comunidade, a religião e as ideologias políticas, moldando os indivíduos à sua semelhança e dando sentido à sua existência. Além de estreitar os horizontes pessoais e sociais, essa estratégia pode pôr em risco a sobrevivência das próprias empresas.
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Bittar, Lorena Teixeira. "A busca da identidade". GV-executivo 4, n.º 4 (3 de octubre de 2006): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvexec.v4n4.2006.34412.
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As categorias clássicas em que se baseava o conceito de consumidor, como a de classe social, papéis sociais ou simplesmente renda, parecem entrar em colapso no momento atual, quando novos conceitos estão sendo criados para se lidar com o mundo. Em específico, o conceito de individualidade é hoje levado a seu extremo. Os indivíduos relacionam-se entre si a partir de um diálogo que põe em evidência suas próprias identidades. É nesse novo cenário que as empresas e os profissionais de marketing devem rever sua forma de abordar o consumidor e definir suas marcas.
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Oh, Il-Kweun y Seung-Woo Lee. "Population Structure and Reproductive Biology of the Endangered Crab Deiratonotus japonicus (Brachyura, Camptandriidae) Surveyed for Nine Years in the Kita River, Japan". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, n.º 11 (15 de noviembre de 2020): 921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8110921.
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Deiratonotus japonicus (D. japonicus) is known as a near-threatened species, because of the changing conditions of its habitat. This species resides in isolated locations and in upstream, brackish waters from Kanagawa Prefecture to Okinawa Prefecture in Japan. In this study, we investigated the population structure and reproductive biology of D. japonicus in the Kita River, Japan. The distribution, sex ratio, breeding season, and fecundity were assessed at bimonthly intervals during spring low-tide periods from May 2001 to November 2008 and from November 2014 to January 2016 for approximately nine years. A total of 3525 crabs were collected during the sampling period: 1806 (51.2%) males, 1240 (35.2%) non-ovigerous females, and 479 (13.6%) ovigerous females. The overall sex ratio (1:0.95) did not differ significantly from the expected 1:1 ratio. The mean maximum density was 26.1 and 36.5 indiv./m2 for the first and second sampling periods, respectively, in the sampling station 5.2 km from the Kita River mouth, and all individuals were typically found approximately 4.4–6.8 km (13.2 ± 7.8 indiv./m2) from the Kita River mouth. Carapace width (CW) ranged from 2.6 to 13.5 mm in males and from 2.8 to 13.4 mm in females and was significantly different between the two sexes (p < 0.05). Ovigerous females were found almost throughout the entire sampling period, with breeding peaks between July and September. The smallest ovigerous female had a CW of 3.9 mm. The seasonal frequency distribution suggested the continuous recruitment of young juveniles (CW < 3.9 mm) throughout the year, with peaks from September to November. The mean fecundity was 1008.3 ± 183.1 (8.3 ± 1.6 mm) eggs. Egg number in relation to CW was calculated by the formula egg number (EN) = 110.36 × CW + 90.96 (R2 = 0.948, n = 41, p < 0.0001). Regression analysis showed that fecundity was closely associated with female CW. Our results indicate that the performance of reproductive biology depends not only on continuous breeding but also on recruitment throughout the year in our study area.
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Guzmán, Héctor M. y Vilma L. Obando. "Diversidad y abundancia diaria y estacional del zooplancton marino de la Isla del Caño, Costa Rica". Revista de Biología Tropical 36, n.º 1 (17 de enero de 2018): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v36i1.32001.
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La comunidad planctónica de la isla es posiblemente mezcla de plancton nerítico y oceánico dada su cercanía a la costa y parte de su fauna puede ser residente debido a los arrecifes que la rodean. La estacionalidad observada para el total de zooplancton (indiv/m3 ) y copépodos/m3 refleja una relación con la precipitación local (cambios de estación); con una mayor abundancia en ''verano" (época seca) y una disminución hacia los meses de "invierno" (época lluviosa). Los copépodos constituyen el grupo dominante, oscilando entre un 41 y un 63% durante el período de estudio. Los otros grupos encontrados tuvieron valores de abundancia total menores al 10% , siendo las larvas de pez, ostrácodos, y mísidos los más importantes. El número de categorías (grupos taxonómicos) es mayor durante el verano.
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Kulpas, Sério. "Identidade intocável". GV-executivo 5, n.º 2 (3 de octubre de 2006): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvexec.v5n2.2006.34341.
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Na era digital, quando se celebra a quebra de fronteiras promovida pela Internet, as marcas tornaram-se valiosos bens intangíveis das corporações. Por sua qualidade imaterial, acabam sendo apropriadas por diversos agentes, sobretudo no campo das artes. Ato polêmico em tramitação no congresso norte-americano prevê transformar marcas intangíveis em propriedades reais, fazendo recair sobre elas as mesmas leis que valem para as propriedades físicas. Se aprovado, ele representa séria ameaça ao direito de expressão de indivíduos, mas também às próprias corporações.
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Ponzi, Davide, Andrea Henry, Konrad Kubicki, Nora Nickels, M. Claire Wilson y Dario Maestripieri. "Corrigendum to “Morningness–eveningness and intrasexual competition in men” [Pers. Indiv. Differ. 76 (2015) 228–231]". Personality and Individual Differences 78 (mayo de 2015): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.01.040.
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Kasprzykowski, Zbigniew, Artur Goławski y Cezary Mitrus. "Observations of Waterbirds on the Upper Euphrates During Autumn Migration". Ring 31, n.º 2 (1 de enero de 2009): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10050-008-0055-5.
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Observations of Waterbirds on the Upper Euphrates During Autumn Migration On 12-15 September 2004 we conducted a count of birds on a 68 km section of the Upper Euphrates, from the Atatürk dam to the town of Halfeti. Altogether 291 individuals from 30 waterbird species were noted, their density was 42.8 indiv. / 10 km. Differentiation in numbers among particular trophic and morpho-ecological groups was significant. Within the trophic groups the phytophagous and ichthyophagous species were the most abundant. The most numerous within the morpho-ecological groups were the swimmers and flight feeders. Despite the lack of appropriate foraging places for some waterbird species, this part of the Euphrates plays an important role for autumn migration in this region. In comparison with other large Western Palearctic rivers, the Upper Euphrates showed low densities of birds and low species similarity.
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Freitas, Maria Ester de. "Expatriação de executivos". GV-executivo 5, n.º 4 (3 de octubre de 2006): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvexec.v5n4.2006.34225.
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A mobilidade de profi ssionais entre diversos países é hoje um fenômeno comum, com a internacionalização e globalização das empresas. O fenômeno da expatriação consiste de uma experiência de mão dupla que deve trazer benefícios não só às organizações como também à carreira dos indivíduos. O artigo analisa os problemas típicos incidentes nas expatriações e defende que o sucesso da experiência depende de um esforço conjunto entre empresas e seus profi ssionais.
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Ko, A. H., J. Scott, M. A. Tempero y J. W. Park. "Detection and significance of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (PC) receiving systemic therapy". Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, n.º 18_suppl (20 de junio de 2007): 4596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.4596.
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4596 Background: Detection of CTC in the peripheral circulation of pts with solid tumors may provide useful prognostic and predictive information. In a previously reported pilot study, we detected CTC in approx 2/3rds of pts with all stages of PC using a flow cytometric-based approach. This study examines the significance of CTC using two separate methods in pts with metastatic PC undergoing systemic rx. Methods: Blood was obtained at baseline and after 2 months of rx from pts with metastatic PC participating in a phase II trial of gemcitabine, cisplatin, and bevacizumab. Two methods for measuring CTC were tested: immunomagnetic capture/flow cytometry (IC/FC) using anti-EpCAM Abs, and the Veridex CellSearch system. Wilcoxon Rank tests were used to test the association of CTC concentration at each time point, and change in concentration over time, with overall survival, time to tumor progression, and CA19–9 response. Results: CTC were measured in 48 indiv pts at baseline (31 using IC/FC, 23 using CellSearch, 6 using both methods) and in 39 indiv pts after 2 months of rx (20 IC/FC, 23 CellSearch, 4 both methods). No correlation was found between CTC concentration at either baseline or at 2 mos and any clinical endpoints (see table ). This was true for both IC/FC and CellSearch methods. 25 pts had serial CTC measurements using consistent methods at both time points (17 IC/FC, 12 CellSearch, 4 both methods). CTC concentration decreased in 9 of 17 pts (52.9%) tested by IC/FC and in 5 of 12 pts (41.7%) tested by CellSearch; however, change in CTC concentration over time was not associated with clinical outcomes. Too few pts have been tested by both methods at a given time point to establish a significant correlation betw the two methods. Conclusions: CTC can be detected in pts with metastatic PC using both methods tested in this study, albeit at low concentrations. The small sample size to date precludes our ability to determine the prognostic and predictive significance of these cells in this disease setting. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Souza, Diego Leal, Aline Gon�alves Sousa, Daniel Colantuano Messias y Henrique Rodrigues Almeida. "ESTUDO PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE APLICATIVO BASEADO EM INTELIG�NCIA ARTIFICIAL PARA CAPTA��O DE VOLUNT�RIOS PARA ATUA��O NO 3� SETOR COM DISPONIBILIZA��O DE A��ES NO 2� SETOR". Revista Computa��o Aplicada - UNG-Ser 7, n.º 1 (3 de octubre de 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.33947/2316-7394-v7n1-3510.
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O objetivo do presente estudo � propor uma solu��o tecnol�gica para aux�lio no desenvolvimento de projetos sociais atrav�s da interliga��o entre volunt�rios, Segundo e Terceiro Setores. A metodologia empregada no artigo engloba pesquisas referentes � realiza��o de projetos sociais, bem como o estudo de tecnologias modernas, como HTML, Java Script e Cloud Computing, atreladas � Intelig�ncia Artificial estas pesquisas e tecnologias possibilitam o desenvolvimento da ferramenta em quest�o. Espera-se que com o levantamento das informa��es e desenvolvimento da ferramenta seja criado um ciclo de benef�cios m�tuo, onde volunt�rios obtenham oportunidades de voluntariado e empresas e ONGs um aumento na capta��o de recursos humanos, gerando impulso no desenvolvimento dos projetos. O presente estudo pode ser utilizado para exposi��o do tema projetos sociais, uma vez que h� o crescimento da quantidade de indiv�duos que necessitam de alguma assist�ncia enquanto h� uma defasagem na quantidade de volunt�rios.
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Ramalho, Mauro y Maíse Silva. "Flora oleífera e sua guilda de abelhas em uma comunidade de restinga tropical". SITIENTIBUS série Ciências Biológicas 2, n.º 1/2 (30 de junio de 2002): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/scb8233.
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As abelhas Centridini destacam-se na comunidade de abelhas da restinga arbustivo-arbórea, onde somam 20% das espécies e 50% dos indivíduos. As 17 espécies dessa guilda de coletores de óleos concentram-se especialmente nas flores de Byrsonima sericea D.C. (Malpighiaceae), a única fonte local de óleos florais. B. sericea é auto-incompatível e depende de Centridini para polinização cruzada, por isso, a abundância dessas abelhas parece estreitamente relacionada à densidade local excepcionalmente elevada desta fonte de óleo (65 indiv/ha) e vice-versa. Este argumento é apoiado, indiretamente, pela correlação positiva entre as diversidades alfa de Centridini e de Malpighiaceae nesta faixa tropical. Em aparente contradição, a abundância de óleos florais oferece explicação mais satisfatória para a diversidade excepcionalmente elevada de Centridini na restinga, do que a riqueza local da flora oleífera. Ricos em óleos florais, os hábitats de restinga arbustiva-arbórea funcionam como centro de expansão populacional de Centridini e, por isso, têm papel central na conservação biológica in situ.
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Wood Junior, Thomaz, Flávio C. Vasconcelos y Miguel P. Caldas. "Fusões e aquisições no Brasil". GV-executivo 2, n.º 4 (3 de octubre de 2004): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvexec.v2n4.2004.34989.
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<div>Fusões e aquisições estão entre as mais relevantes e dramáticas formas de mudança organizacional. Entretanto, os mecanismos estratégicos e organizacionais que contribuem para o sucesso de um processo de integração pós-fusão ou aquisição não são bem entendidos. Por isso, muitas fusões e aquisições transformamse em processos traumáticos e destroem valor. Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa realizada sobre 54 casos de fusões e aquisições. Para garantir o sucesso, é preciso respeito aos indivíduos e muita atenção com a comunicação.</div>
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Caselani, César Nazareno. "O custo da felicidade". GV-executivo 3, n.º 1 (3 de octubre de 2004): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvexec.v3n1.2004.34776.
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<div>A felicidade costuma ser assunto de interesse dos chamados <span style="font-size: 10px;">“profissionais da alma”: psicólogos, sociólogos e antropólogos. </span><span style="font-size: 10px;">Recentemente, porém, os economistas também se </span><span style="font-size: 10px;">interessaram pelo tema. Consumo, trabalho, lazer, ecologia e remuneração </span><span style="font-size: 10px;">passaram a ser tópicos utilizados pelos economistas para explicar </span><span style="font-size: 10px;">a felicidade e analisar os custos que sua busca acarreta para os </span><span style="font-size: 10px;">indivíduos e a sociedade.</span></div>
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Izzo, José Rubens. "O indivíduo, o trabalho e o meio". GV-executivo 4, n.º 1 (3 de octubre de 2005): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/gvexec.v4n1.2005.34563.
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Orlando de Azevedo nasceu em Portugal, em 1949, mas vive no Brasil desde 1963. Formando em direito, dedica-se à fotografia profissional publicitária e a fotografia documental em projetos especiais. Neste ensaio, reproduzimos imagens de um de seus principais projetos, a Expedição Coração do Brasil. Nela, Orlando percorreu mais de setenta mil quilômetros, de norte a sul do país, visitando quase duas mil cidades, em busca de flagrantes da dicersidade cultural do homem brasileiro e de seu meio. A Expedição foi documentada em três volumes, com reproduções de mais de quinhentas imagens em preto e branco e cor. Neste ensaio, o leitor encontra algumas destas imagens, explorando a relação enrte o indivíduo, o trabalho e o meio.