Tesis sobre el tema "International migrations"
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King, Karen Margaret Newbold K. Bruce. "International and internal migration dynamics of Canadian immigrants subsequent migrations and intermediate destinations /". *McMaster only, 2006.
Buscar texto completoBourgeon, Pauline. "Essays on the impact of shocks on international flows and productivity". Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01E023.
Texto completoThis thesis covers various issues in international economics and macroeconomics.It studies the role of several types of shocks on international migration, firms’ export strategies and sectoral productivity growth. The three chapters exploit different sources of data and use recent econometrics approaches to deal with these issues.Chapter one contributes to the literature on international migration by looking at the role of short-run fluctuations as determinants of the location choice of the migrants. We find evidence that business cycles and employment rates at destination affect the intensity of gross bilateral flows.Chapter two investigates how financial frictions impact firms’ foreign sales, especially for firms that export to long distance export markets. We find that firmsfacing financial frictions export from 4 to 10% less than the ones without anyfinancial constraints. Our results also suggest that amongst exporters facing financial difficulties, those who export to faraway destinations reduce their exportsales more.Chapter three investigates how financial frictions affect the efficiency with which labor allocates across firms within a sector. Results suggest that an increase intangibility decreases the productivity growth rate of an industry located in highly financially developed country and this lower productivity growth rate is largely explained by the reallocation of labour across firms within the sector
Rygiel, Philippe. "Une impossible tâche? L'institut de droit international et la régulation des migrations internationales 1870-1920". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00657654.
Texto completoSCIACCALUGA, GIOVANNI. "International law and the challenge of global warming-forced migrations". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/929281.
Texto completoKuhn-Le, Braz Mélanie. "Déterminants et usages des transferts de fonds des migrants : le cas des migrations Sud-Sud". Thesis, Paris 9, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA090060.
Texto completoThe objective of this research is to analyze South-South remittances, i.e. remittances made between developing countries. With recent and original survey data on African countries, its purpose is to i) establish an overview of African migration and remittances, ii) analyze the impact of departure conditions on the migrants’ remittance behavior, iii) study remittance used in the case of forced migration, and more generally in the case of South-South migration and iv) analyze if remittance behavior of South-South migrants differs from those of South-North migrants. Results show that departure conditions play an important role in the migrant’s decision to remit. They also highlight that South-South remittances are largely used to finance consumption expenditures. Finally, results reveal that South-South and South-North migrants behave slightly differently in terms of remittances
Bouchoucha, Ibtihel. "Emploi, genre et migrations en Tunisie". Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100140.
Texto completoThe thesis aims mainly to study the decision to migrate, both intemally and intemationally, for women and men, individual or in couple. We will try to study the determinant factors of internal and intemational migration of men and women in Tunisia, and especially to see how gender relations influence the decision to migrate, the reasons for migration and the destinations for women and men, individual or in couple. We stipulate that migration is largely due to the economic requirements. Regional inequalilies in development are the main cause of intemal and international migration. But we believe that women and men do not have the same constraints, the same living conditions, and have not the same chance to migrate. Although gender relations have changed in Tunisia, the decision to migrate is still influenced by the social and cultural traditional model. Our analyses are at the crossroads of several disciplines and several approaches: demographic, economic, sociological, etc. We use several methods of analysis, including descriptive analysis, multivariate analysis and multilevel analysis. Our main data source is the National Survey "Population and Employment" (2005-2006). But we also used other sources of data such as individual data from the survey PAPFAM (2001), the individual data of the population census conducted in 2004, and series of ofücial statistical indicators published by the National institute of Statistics
McKenna, Yvonne. "Negotiating identities : Irish women religious and migrations". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2002. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3944/.
Texto completoBreda, Giulia. "(Co) Développement et gestion internationale des migrations : contrôler le savoir pour savoir contrôler". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR2022.
Texto completoThis thesis questions the construction of international organizations’ discourse on the migration and development nexus (M&D). The research questions stem from the observed distance between the political discourse advocating temporary migration as a "triple-win" model and the realities of exploitation and precariousness involved in foreign seasonal labor. These initial observations are based on fieldwork on the migratory experiences of seasonal workers from North Africa, conducted in the Bouches-du-Rhône region and in their country of origin (2012-2016).The first phase of the study uses a diachronic approach to the evolving understanding of the M&D nexus since the post-war period. This shows the influence of the ideological and geopolitical context on the institutional trajectory of specific scientific currents that have shaped the interpretation and production of "knowledge" on co-development.The principal phase of the study focuses on power relations and the role of different types of knowledge (scientific, "local" and institutional) in the construction of a global approach to the international management of migration. A six-month participant observation was conducted in an international organization through an internship in a program on co-development. The main objective of the latter is to provide policy makers in the "South" with knowledge to "better" manage migration. This knowledge is codified as "knowledge products" through a "knowledge management" strategy and displayed as "evidence" from M&D projects. The field data was analyzed, on the one hand, from an extensive approach to see how the position of actors involved in the field of international development (international organizations, national governments, local authorities, local "civil society", migrant associations, researchers) constrains and influences their strategies in the process of knowledge production and mobilization. On the other hand, a more intensive approach allowed to describe the finer dynamics in the interactions between different actors and their effect on how knowledge is translated and shared, and how “good practices” are disseminated.In the end, the thesis shows the consequences of the technification of the discourse and M&D actions. While inserting themselves, as mediators, into unequal relations between "southern" and "northern" countries, international organizations must adapt to the challenges of the field of development by adopting a strategy of depoliticization. This involves the construction of expertise that is legitimized by local actors from the South using instruments designed for the co-construction of knowledge. The latter nevertheless reproduce biases in the problematization of the issues addressed due to the unequal relations of power between the actors involved.In the end, the thesis shows the consequences of the technification of the discourse and actions for co-development. While inserting themselves, as mediators, into unequal relations between "southern" and "northern" countries, international organizations must adapt to the challenges of the field of development by adopting a strategy of depoliticization. This involves the construction of expertise that is legitimized by local actors from the South using instruments designed for the co-construction of knowledge. The latter nevertheless reproduce biases in the problematization of the issues addressed due to the unequal relations of power between the actors involved
Valette, Jérôme. "Three essays on international migration". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAD008/document.
Texto completoInternational migration recently attracted unprecedented public attention and media coverage. However, while the debate on the effects on international migration on the economy seems now more relevant than ever, it already attracts the attention of economic researchers for decades. The present thesis provides three empirical studies that investigate the implications of international migration both for migrants themselves, natives in their host countries and those left behind. Chapter 2 empirically revisits the impact of multiculturalism on the macroeconomic performance of US states over the 1960-2010 period. We test for skill-specific effects of multiculturalism, controlling for standard growth regressors and a variety of fixed effects, and accounting for the age of entry and legal status of immigrants. To identify causation, we compare various instrumentation strategies used in the existing literature. We provide converging and robust evidence of a positive and significant effect of diversity among college-educated immigrants on GDP per capita. Conversly, we find no impact of low-skilled diversity or contamination effects. Chapter 3 fits within the literature looking at the determinants of the performance of immigrants in the destination country labor markets. We investigate how natives’ attitudes affect immigrants’ unemployment duration in Germany. Using individual level panel data from the German Socio Economic Panel from 1984 to 2012, we use survival analysis methods to model immigrants’ unemployment durations. We find that lower trust levels of natives towards the citizens of a given country, measured using Eurobarometer surveys, positively influence the unemployment duration of immigrants originating from this country. Our results highlight the fact that immigrants face different obstacles depending on their origin when it comes to integrating destination country labor markets. Chapter 4 analyses whether international migrants contribute to increasing technological advances in developing countries by inducing a transfer of productive knowledge from developed countries back to migrants’ home countries. Using the Economic Complexity Index as a proxy for the amount of productive knowledge embedded in each countries and bilateral migrant stocks of 20 OECD destination countries, we show that international migration is a strong channel of technological transmission
Alvarez, Bastien. "Labour markets and migrations in an integrated European economy". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASI007.
Texto completoThis thesis delves into the transformations brought by European integration to a wide array of policy relevant issues, including education choices, working conditions, wages and offshoring. To that end both theory and empirical methods are used, involving diverse quantitative techniques and large micro-level datasets. Economic cycles and education both matter in the understanding of labour mobility in Europe. Hence, the first chapter proposes a two-country overlapping generation model with heterogeneous agents and fluctuations to reassess the value of labour mobility as an adjustment mechanism in a currency area. It shows that, if agents are mobile, short-term asymmetric shocks lead to a population-wide upgrade in skills. Indeed, in a depressed economy the possibility to migrate provides a skill-biased outside option for agents willing to pay a migration cost and reinforces incentives to educate. Then, an empirical approach is used to confirm some of the theoretical assumptions and results. Finally, a simulation exercise illustrates some properties of the model, in particular the persistence of temporary shocks and the trade-off between the skill upgrade effect and the size of migration flows. Other effects of labour mobility are developed in the second chapter. While the 2004 and 2007 EU enlargements led to an instant trade liberalization, Western European labour markets only gradually opened to Eastern European workers. We use this gap to provide evidence that the migration wave that followed reduced offshoring as employing low-skill immigrant Eastern European workers in Western Europe became easier. The third chapter focus on the consequences of EU enlargement on entrants. We use a large new worker-level dataset spanning across 9 Central and Eastern European countries to explore the effects of EU-induced trade liberalization on wages and working conditions. We find that this event reduced hourly wages and deteriorated working conditions. These effects are magnified by the erosion of protective labour market institution
Ben, Atta Oussama. "Migrations internationales, capital humain et économie Informelle : essais en économétrie appliquée". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PAUU2127.
Texto completoThis empirically oriented thesis provides three contributions in the fields of economics of education and economics of migration by drawing on various databases and using quasi-experimental analysis methods.The first chapter deals with the matter of access to educational infrastructure in the Nigerian context and has a dual purpose. First, it examines how geographic constraints on access to universities during the teenage years influence human capital formation. Second, the aim is to explore how the creation of 12 federal universities from 2011 onwards affects secondary education attainment. Our results indicate that geographic barriers at critical ages during adolescence negatively affect subsequent human capital accumulation. Our estimates also reveal that the massive creation of universities reduced the intention to drop out of school at the secondary education level. The findings of this first chapter highlight the importance of investing in higher education in view of the spillover effects that it can generate.The second chapter examines the effects of international migration. While previous studies have largely documented the overall positive effects of migration, some economic dimensions are still relatively unexplored. These include the link between immigration and informality in host countries. There are two main questions. The first is to measure the extent to which immigration contributes to the informal sector. The second, tied to the first, is to determine whether the move to the informal sector is a preference or a necessary one for migrants. The second chapter of this thesis provides answers to these questions. By establishing a distinction between voluntary and forced migration, we examine the extent to which population movements affect the size of the informal economy. Our results reveal a positive link between international migration and the informal economy. Nevertheless, it should be noted that the positive effect of immigration remains quantitatively small. We also show that this weak effect can be mitigated through the implementation of less restrictive immigration policies.The third chapter focuses on the main consequence of international migration, namely remittances. There have been several studies examining the social economic effects of these financial flows. The common feature of this rich and abundant literature is that it has focused on the impact of remittances on origin countries. Still, if remittances have generally proven to have a positive impact on countries of origin, what about the host countries of the migrants? The third chapter of this thesis intends to answer this question. By considering remittances, we focus on their effects on the education of immigrant children. We focus on the German context characterized by an age- and early-choice educational system and examine the extent to which remittances made by parents affect children's educational choices. Our results show that remittances by household heads increase the probability that children attend lower secondary level. In particular, our estimates reveal that migrants' ties to their countries of origin at critical ages of their children can lead to adverse educational consequences for their children
Avalos, Romero Job. "Latino-américains en France : insertion professionnelle et intégration (1973-2016)". Thesis, Limoges, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIMO0023.
Texto completoAs migrant subjects, Latin Americans are mostly identified in the US context, where they constitute a significant foreign population. However, with a significant quantitative evolution in Europe and France, they are beginning to find a place in European studies on international migration. If due to their cultural and historical ties, Latinos are mostly present in countries like Spain, Portugal or Italy, the Latin American communities also exist in France. Among them, political exiles from South American dictatorships is the most visible category. To a lesser extent, that of international students too, and since the 1980s, economic migrants emerged as a new profile. Considered as an "example of integration", this idealized image of Latin American refugees leaves behind certain aspects that are essential and inherent to integration, such as participation in the host society and especially access to the labor market. Supported by life stories, this doctoral research aims to analyze their life paths, with attention to the strategies they put in place to make possible a labor insertion increasingly restricted by the migration policies that concern them as non-European nationals. To do this, our discussion considers both the subjective element (perceptions, experiences, resources ans strategies mobilized) and the structuring ans objective elements such as migration policies and the different social relations migrants establish in the host country
Unan, Elif. "International migration and migrant remittances : the case of Turkish migrants in France". Paris 13, 2011. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2011_unan.pdf.
Texto completoThis research focuses on the migrants’ remittances to Turkey. Migration and remittances dynamics of the country and the main determinants of remittances are studied at microeconomic and macroeconomic levels. The main contribution of this thesis is the analysis of two recent surveys carried out in France in order to better understand the remitting behaviour of migrants. Thanks to detailed individual level data, different populations such as first and second generation migrants are analysed separately, as well as different types of transfers such as remittances sent to support households as opposed to collective projects. Although no evidence is found for repayment of loans hypothesis at microeconomic level, altruistic and exchange related motivations can be observed. Collective transfers are more determined by attachment to the home country, intention to return home and being member of a home country association. The results of the macroeconomic level analysis show evidence for both consumption and investment motivations
Rubyan-Ling, David. "Diaspora and diversity : an ethnography of Sierra Leoneans living in South London". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/48916/.
Texto completoMillogo, Doslalo Albert. "Commerce et migrations internationales dans le bassin méditerranéen : cas de la France". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2015. http://bu.univ-tln.fr/userfiles/file/intranet/travuniv/theses/eco_gestion/2015/2015_Millogo_Doslalo_Albert.pdf.
Texto completoThe Euro-Mediterranean trade has grown up a lot in the early 2000. At the same time, the migration issue has been highlighted due to an explosion of illegal immigration in the Southern Europe countries. The aim of this thesis is to study some current economic impact this immigration in the French case. We address the issues of trade and migration relationship, migration policy, and spatial location of immigrants in France. Using recent data and shaping factors little used empirically, we highlight the specific characteristics of immigration in France. We also provide explanations to the contribution of immigrants to the domestic, as well as increasing bilateral trade with the country. In terms of economic policies, it lies firstly in the implementation of facilitating business opportunities between France and the countries of origin. This is necessary to take more profit from the positive impact of immigration on bilateral trade. On the other hand, problems identified in migration policies call for a necessary harmony of policies, at European level, for more effective management. Such objectives require the involvement of countries of origin to facilitate legal migration, and limit illegal entries. Finally, the spatial location of immigrants indicates that their concentration at regional level has a negative impact on their contribution to production. The solution may lie in a detailed analysis of the structure, and the integration of immigrant populations’ process
Millogo, Doslalo Albert. "Commerce et migrations internationales dans le bassin méditerranéen : cas de la France". Thesis, Toulon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUL2010/document.
Texto completoThe Euro-Mediterranean trade has grown up a lot in the early 2000. At the same time, the migration issue has been highlighted due to an explosion of illegal immigration in the Southern Europe countries. The aim of this thesis is to study some current economic impact this immigration in the French case. We address the issues of trade and migration relationship, migration policy, and spatial location of immigrants in France. Using recent data and shaping factors little used empirically, we highlight the specific characteristics of immigration in France. We also provide explanations to the contribution of immigrants to the domestic, as well as increasing bilateral trade with the country. In terms of economic policies, it lies firstly in the implementation of facilitating business opportunities between France and the countries of origin. This is necessary to take more profit from the positive impact of immigration on bilateral trade. On the other hand, problems identified in migration policies call for a necessary harmony of policies, at European level, for more effective management. Such objectives require the involvement of countries of origin to facilitate legal migration, and limit illegal entries. Finally, the spatial location of immigrants indicates that their concentration at regional level has a negative impact on their contribution to production. The solution may lie in a detailed analysis of the structure, and the integration of immigrant populations’ process
Do, nascimento Anthony. "Une Histoire de l'émigration, de l'immigration et de la colonisation japonaise au Brésil (1895-1942) : une autre histoire du Japon". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3042.
Texto completoThe Japanese labor emigration is a phenomenon that has occurred as soon as the Meiji Era has been proclaimed, in 1868, when the Archipelago decided to open its doors to the world. Japanese emigration to Brazil began in 1908 when 781 contracted farmers arrived at the port of Santos in the state of São Paulo. The present dissertation aims at showing that emigration, immigration and colonization in Brazil were designed by its main actors (such as politicians and emigration companies) as a mean for the expansion of Japanese economy abroad, and, in that regard, can be considered to have contributed to the nation-building of Japan. This works rests upon a conclusion drew up by Mori Kôichi, who argues that Japanese emigration to Brazil, but also in the whole world, is not much analyzed by Japanese historians, even though, according to him, it appears to have been one of the main process that supported the emergence of Japan’s State, from the very beginning of the Meiji Era (1868-1912) to the eve of World War II. Its premises rest upon the idea that the history of migrations is mainly written by the receiving countries, however it should also be the concern of sending countries, whose “departure policies” revealed that emigration and agrarian colonization were designed to contribute to the sender State-building process – and we believe this was also true for Japan. The present dissertation borrows the methodological framework of historical studies and, for its major part, rests upon the use of Japan’s diplomatic records dealing with the Japanese emigration, immigration and colonization in Brazil from 1895 to 1942. It is chronologically structured around three periods. The first part, from 1868 and 1908, the focuses on the beginning of the Japanese emigration to Brazil, that is the establishment of diplomatic relations between Japan and Brazil and the organization process of the first departure of Japanese emigrants to Brazil. The second part, from 1908 to 1920, describes the start of both Japanese emigration and Japan’s agricultural colonization in Brazil. The third part finally deals with the Japanese emigration, immigration and colonization during the 1920s and the 1930s; two important decades characterized by the rise of nationalism in Brazil on one hand, and on the other by the active promotion of emigration by Japan’s government, via the implementation of a national policy of emigration in 1925
Dallmann, Gamarra Ingrid. "Climate change and economic outcomes in developing countries". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS436.
Texto completoIn this dissertation, I study the impact of climate change on several economic outcomes, mainly on international trade, migration, and on vector-borne diseases. In the first chapter, I investigate the relationship between weather variations and bilateral trade flows at the country, sectoral and product levels, worldwide, and over the 1992-2014 period. I find a negative effect of temperature variations on bilateral trade at the country level. At the product level, both negative and positive effects arise, but the negative effect dominates. The effects are on the agricultural and manufacturing sectors, especially in the textile and metals sectors. Possible channels are the effect of temperature on output and labour productivity. Precipitation variations have also an effect on the product level, with the positive effect dominating for the affected products. The results suggest that weather variations also affect bilateral revealed comparative advantages, mainly for the weather sensitive products that I identify in the analysis. Moving to a long term analysis, the results suggest that temperature in the exporter country has a persistent effect that lasts several years. Furthermore, adaptation to climate change does not seem to changes the negative effects of temperature. The second chapter combines climate data with migration data from the 1991 and 2001 Indian Censuses to investigate the impact of climate variability on internal migration. The use of census data makes it possible to test and compare the effect on migration of climatic factors prior to migration. Relevant meteorological indicators of climate variability are used to measure the frequency, duration and magnitude of drought and excess precipitation based on the Standardized Precipitation Index. The estimation results show that drought frequency in the origin state increases inter-state migration in India. This effect is stronger in agricultural states, and in such states the magnitude of drought also increases inter-state migration significantly. Drought frequency has the strongest effect on rural-rural inter-state migration. In the third chapter, I measure the impact of weather and urbanization characteristics on dengue prevalence in Brazilian states during the 1992-2012 period. I find a positive effect of vapour pressure and a hump-shaped relationship between temperature and dengue. The results show that an increase in population density is likely to increase the dengue prevalence. Higher access to drinking water and waste management systems decrease dengue incidence. Additionally, higher immigration rates coming from states with high dengue incidence, increase the dengue prevalence in the destination state. Using a simultaneous equation model, I measure the double causality between household wage income and dengue prevalence. On the one hand, results show that, on average, a 10% increase in dengue rates is associated with a 0.16% decrease of household wage income. On the other hand, lower average household wage income is associated with a higher dengue rate
Beck, Sylvain. "Expatriation et relation éducative : les enseignants français dans la mondialisation". Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040121.
Texto completoThis thesis explores the global aspects of teachers' expatriation from France: their migratory situation and the educational relation that is involved. The comparison between Casablanca (Morocco) and London (UK) fall within a socio-historical approach that highlights common views about a spread of this population. The circumstances of the research and the specificities of the aimed population show the relations between the researcher with its object. The professional statuses give a general outlook about the social position of teachers within French population abroad. Memories and representationsof space stress the subjective dimension of the 'Home' to rethinking the category “expatriate” as well as a migratory situation and social mobility. The identities are toppled with the concept of anxiety, in putting into opposition with the affirmative identities and subjective notions like social position and change. Then are built three types of French people abroad : internationals, experimenters and affinitaries. A comparative analysis of practices at local, national and transnational scale reveals the symbolic dimension of teaching from France in globalization. The language practices and social function question their local integration. Networks of solidarity and friendship emphasize attitudes of openness or self-withdrawal. Finally, the common aspect of teachers is revealed by their act of transmission. Between republican ideal, and national history, their subjective way of practice highlight substantial issues of education within globalisation
Khoudour-Castéras, David. "Migrations internationales, régimes de change et politiques sociales : un nouveau trilemme de politique économique ?" Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://spire.sciences-po.fr/hdl:/2441/f4rshpf3v1umfa09lat1n0o44.
Texto completoThe thesis is based on two main ideas : first, labor mobility constitutes a central adjutment mechanism in exchange rate regimes ; second the development of social policies contributes to slowing down the emigration process. The argument rests at the same time on a theoretical reflection, based in particular on the optimum currency area theory, and on historical analysis, focused on two periods of contemporary history : the gold standard period and the interwar period. Thus, Chapter 1 aims at showing the key role of international migration in the adjustement process of the gold standard. Then, Chapter 2 analyses the impact of Bismarck's social legislation on German emigration. Finally, Chapter 3 provides an alternative explanation to the fall of the gold exchange standard. In total, the purpose of the thesis is to show the existence of an economic policy trilemma between international migration, exchange rate regimes and social policies
Eremenko, Tatiana. "Les parcours des enfants de migrants vers la France". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0044/document.
Texto completoFrance has experienced a new immigration wave since the end of the 1990s, characterized by a diversification of migrants’ profiles in terms of their countries of origin, migration motives, family situations... As the impact of these transformations in the area of family migration has been relatively under-investigated, the aim of this thesis was to understand the experiences of these migrants' children.We identified several stages in the journey of the children of migrants: the parents’ initial migration, the experience of life in a transnational family, the possible migration of the child to France and his or her legal recognition at destination. Each of these stages has been the subject of a quantitative analysis based on multiple data sources, including surveys among the migrant population (MGIS, TeO, ELIPA) and administrative data derived from procedures targeting migrant families (payment of benefits to families residing abroad, beneficiaries of the family reunification procedure). Profiles of migrant families have diversified, largely as a result of the multiplication of the countries of origin in France today. These new migrant families, where only the mother or both parents migrate simultaneously, differ in terms of their migration projects from their predecessors and are more often accompanied or joined by their children. The transnational family stage that may have corresponded to a fairly long period in the past, is transitory for many of them, but also associated with more complex family configurations. The legal context,characterized by the increasing regulation of migration, determines the children’s legal conditions upon arrival in France, which are defined by more uncertainty
Noël, Romain. "International Students Migrations : An analysis of the determinants of localisation and a measure of the economic impacts". Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL12033.
Texto completoThis thesis investigates the determinants of the localisation of international students and international students. A comprehensive analysis focuses on the determinants of student migration to OECD countries. Using estimation methods present in the literature on international trade (Poisson regressions), it appears, in addition to traditional determinants of migration of workers, that the quality of education in the destination countries is a key determinant of student migrations. Furthermore, a network effect (diaspora effect), by qualification, has been demonstrated. An analysis of determinants applied to the French case confirms the results of the previous study and highlights a network effect by age and a strong sensitivity to the costs borne by students during their studies (rental prices…).This thesis also evaluates the macroeconomic impacts of student migration on the French economy through a computable general equilibrium model with overlapping generations. Educating international students represents a cost but this cost may be offset by an increase in the stock of human capital in the economy resulting in a larger growth rate of the GDP. However, the magnitude of gains depends on the size of the students flows and on the share of the students educated in France who will integrate the French labor market, once their studies are completed (retention rate). The students migrations also have an impact on the financing of French retirement system by modifying the inactive/active ratio
Mioc, Consuela. "Les migrations internationales: Un défi pour la souveraineté étatique dans le contexte de l'internationalisation des droits de la personne". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26386.
Texto completoNégrel, Nathalie. "Circulations transnationales des discours télévisuels : TV5 Monde, France 24 et les migrations subsahariennes". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20049.
Texto completoThis research analyses the specific configuration of international television channels from two case studies, TV5 Monde and France 24. Focusing on these two media actors allows us to empirically interrogate the transnational circulation of television contents. Furthermore, we have chosen to analyse the content production of these two television channels through the theme of the Sub-Saharan migrations, which finds itself at the heart of globalisation studies and postcolonial studies. In order to examine the specificities of the international television channels and the way they manifest themselves in the newsrooms, we articulate the analysis of three types of discourses: 1) On the one hand, we study the institutional discourses presiding over the governance of the television channels by analysing numerous political reports as well as communication documents distributed by the two television channels. 2) In order to observe the content production in a concrete way, we analyse, on the other hand, the programs of the two channels, TV5 Monde and France 24, focusing more precisely on the shows on the Sub-Saharan migrations broadcast between 2006 and 2010. 3) Finally, the comprehensive interviews that we have conducted with journalists are helpful to understand the different mediations that occur in the two television channels (technological, individual, hierarchical, political, economic mediations...) and how they influence the configuration of the circulation of television discourses
Mahamoud, Ismael Omar. "L'immigration étrangère dans la ville de Djibouti : le cas des Ethiopiens Oromo". Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR151.
Texto completoThe Republic of Djibouti, a middle-income country, appears as a traditional pole of immigration for neighboring countries. A French colony of strategic importance since the end of the 19th century, it has been an economic showcase for workers from neighboring countries. This role was reinforced by the attraction of the city of Djibouti. Today, nationals from Ethiopia including the Oromo are one of the largest foreign communities settled in Djibouti, and especially in Balbala in Djibouti city. So this mobility or movement of the population (refugees, clandestine or regular economic migrants, traffickers or political refugees) has become a major security issue for the Republic of Djibouti. The social, economic, health and security implications of these migrations are of concern to the governments of the countries of the region. But how are these mobilities of people organized? What is the role of individuals and social networks in setting up and maintaining the logistics of the movement? More broadly, what can be the impact of these multiform relationships between societies and the territories who are hosting them ? It is to such questions that we attach by proposing here a socio-spatial reading of the Oromo migration system. Analyzing the strategies put in place by migrants, we also reveal the different stages of the migration process
Hering, Laura. "L' économie géographique de la Chine et du Brésil : accès aux marchés, migration et salaires". Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010069.
Texto completoAltasserre, Stephan. "Les mobilités bulgares en Europe occidentale et plus particulièrement en France au cours de la période postcommuniste (1989-2012)". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAC025.
Texto completoThe main objective of this PhD research was to type the specificities of Bulgarian post-communist mobility to France. First of ail, the research focused on highlighting the common features of migration in Western Europe. Then, specificities were revealed on some territories, including French regions.The research finally led to distinguish mobilities to France from the rest of Bulgarian migrations within Europe, revealing some specificities, as follows: French-speaking intellectual migrants including students, alumni from French schools, the spreading of Danovism from France, the activism of the former generations of Bulgarian immigrants, the role of the Foreign Legion and the Roma mobility.Thus, the research allowed to define the particular aspects of choosing an immigration to France for Bulgarian people
Haddad, Afef. "Migrations internationales et libre-échange : caractéristiques particulières de l'émigration des compétences et importance de l'effort technologique". Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010025.
Texto completoThis thesis is a contribution to the analysis of the relationship between international migration and international trade paying attention to the special characteristics of the brainy migrants. The integration of the human capital externalities and social capital permitted to have considerable results in relation to international trade theory. Although international migration is often considered as a substitute for international trade in goods so that trade liberalization can be a solution for migration problems, in many important cases such as cross country differences in technology, migration costs and adjustment costs, it can be a complement for international flows of commodities. The aim of this thesis is to replace the theory of international migration among the recent developments of international trade by focusing on the special determinants of brain drain. The empirical analysis is focused on a survey of brainy migrants and foreign students in france
Minteu, Kadje Danielle. "L’action publique internationale du codéveloppement : trajectoires franco-malienne et franco-sénégalaise". Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR40017/document.
Texto completoOn the basis of the legitimate interrogations raised by the emergence of an innovative concept, this research intends to analyze several revealing variables of a State in action. In this study, we aim at re-thinking international policy-making, with references to "co-development" under the prism of the French-Malian and French Senegalese trajectories. The study seeks to explore "co-development" by looking into its essence (meaning setting) and its conditions of existence (action setting). The findings of this study show that this policy as a process has major intellectuel and practical challenges; therby displaying "co-development", not as an instrumental rhetoric, but as a product of specific institutions on the France-Africa (Sahel) "double space". This analysis examines the interaction of several actors at different levels (local, regional, national, transnational, supranational, international) and public and private sectors which jointly participate in the decision-making process and in the implementation of co-development policy. Specifically, we analyze the construction process of the concept of "co-development" as an international public policy, and the dynamic governmentality of this new political rationality made up of multilevel factors
Nkenne, Jean Marie. "Migrations internationales et mutations spatiales par l´habitat : le cas de la diaspora camerounaise dans la ville de Yaoundé". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2020. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2020_0285_NKENNE.pdf.
Texto completoIn this doctoral thesis entitled "International migration and spatial changes in housing: the case of the Cameroonian Diaspora in Yaounde," we focus on the integration of international migrants in the city of Yaounde, through their land and housing production. Our goal is to contribute to the knowledge of these productive investments, through the study and the capitalization of the types of land and housing production of the members of the Cameroonian Diaspora in Yaounde and adds value as at integration of migrants in the host country and the production of housing in general in the country. The realization of this study is based on statistical, graphical and comparative analysis of data on land and housing output in Yaounde, from 1990 to 2010. These data are from public institutions of the housing sector in Cameroon, the Yaounde City Council, as well as the neighborhood survey conducted on an exhaustive approach on land and housing investments in the city of Yaounde. We also used satellite images and consulted many scientific works on the subject. The city of Yaounde, site of this study is located at 3° 50'N and 11° 32 'E. It has an estimated population in 2005 of 1,817,524 inhabitants. Its estimated population in 2010 is about 2.15 million inhabitants and the 2030, could reach 3.5 million. This means new housing needs, which are estimated at about 719 000. This context seems to represent a set of favorable conditions for land and housing investment and international migrant is emerging as a new actor. Indeed, the impact of international migration and urban change in the country of origin are noticeable from the land, revealing new challenges and subject to tough competition. Yaounde is the place of intense deployment strategies for migrants’ investments. Their land and housing productions are noticeable, although they remain modest and represented only 0.13% of the total production. These investments are dominated by Cameroonians living in Europe (73.75%) followed by those of Cameroonian living in Americas (12.3%), those of African countries (8.63%) and of Asian (5.32%). They have spent between 5 and 10 years before taking the decision to produce a property in the city of Yaounde. Their productions have focused on three sectors (social, residential and commercial). Migrants perform important residential productions by their chains and their characteristics in the city of Yaounde. These investments are diversified and unequally distributed in the city and provide functions which must not underestimate the symbolic value or economic benefit. There is a lack of complementarity between building projects and housing policy of the country in general and the Yaounde city in particular. The result, regardless of the merit of achievements, cannot guarantee to medium and long term structuring of the land and housing economy of the city, much less reverse one hand migration dynamics, and on the other the inflation in rental charges these recent years in the city of Yaounde. Indeed, migrants face obstacles emanate from exogenous weaknesses amplified by endogenous shortcomings
Kagambega, Marcel. "Le rôle des États du Sud dans l’encadrement juridiques des migrations Sud-Nord et Sud-sud : l’exemple des États de l’Afrique de l’ouest". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0451.
Texto completoThe South-North and South-South migrations constitute one of the burning hot newstoday, whereas the supposed legal instruments to control them are unknown by people, andinsufficientthy analyzed by lawyers. The role of implied States, regional community agencies andinternational institutions, is howewer foundamental in the recognition or the refusal of migrantworkers’rights. The present thesis identifies two situations which characterize the behavior of manyAfrican States since their accession to national and international sovereignty. On the one hand, AfricanStates played a role of subordination, with respect to the States of the North (from 1960 to 2006),through which they were satisfied with answering favorably to the migratory policies of WesternStates, without requiring any counterpart. On the other hand, this study shows a relative emancipationof certain African States since the conclusion of re-admission agreements. Those are States (Senegaland Mali) with older South-North migratory traditions, which require from now on counterparts beforethe signature of new conventions. The behavior of those States is also influenced by a national opinionmore sensitive to the migratory question and a well-educated diaspora strongly settled in the NorthenStates. Lastly, the survey puts forward contradictions of the West African Community orgazations onthe migratory issue. UEMOA and ECOWAS organizations taken out of wice between the promotingfreedom of movement and that of right of residence as well as establishment of people in migratoryspaces actually competing each other, and ensuring at the same time the role of external guard-bordersfor the European Union
Gabrielli, Lorenzo. "La construction de la politique d’immigration espagnole : ambiguïtés et ambivalences à travers le cas des migrations ouest-africaines". Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR40014/document.
Texto completoThis project aims to analyse the development of Spanish immigration policy through the caseof West African migrations which significantly reveals the ambiguous and ambivalent nature ofthe policy. In the context of migratory flows reversal, Spain has become an increasingly importantdestination for immigrants, so I wish to address the complicated implementation of a nationalpolicy which, from its birth in 1985, has had to reconcile EU obligations with internal interests. Ishall look at how the virulent politicisation of immigration issues in 2000 not only represents akey moment in the development of Spanish policy, but Europeanization process as well. Thesignificance of this is that Spain, a country which was at first a passive recipient of Europeannorms and practices, steadily became a central actor in the key debates and issues surroundingimmigration in the EU. These include the Spanish alignment to the securitisation process ofimmigration as well as becoming a model in the internationalisation of immigration policythrough its action towards the African continent. I will also analyse the development of theexternal dimension of Spanish policy, which through an exacerbated focus on sub-Saharanimmigration leads to a widespread effect of the migratory issues in its dealings with Africa. Thereassessment and consequent improvement of Spanish relations with Morocco was a crucialmoment due to the country’s strategic importance as a “transit zone” to Europe. This trendcontinued with the consequent re-engagement in West Africa following the Africa Plan which Ibelieve reflects the role of the African continent as a privileged field of expression towards theexternalisation of migratory flows control. The deciphering of this emerging Euro-Africanframework of migration governance and its negotiation help us to fully comprehend theconsequences and collateral effects of this policy
Siciliano, Andre Luiz. "A política migratória brasileira: limites e desafios". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/101/101131/tde-03022014-173058/.
Texto completoBrazil has a migration policy? If it has a policy, or even if the state\'s response to the migration phenomenon is fragmented, what are the parameters that it follows? To answer these questions are the final object of this study and do it satisfactorily presupposes an understanding of what a migration policy is and what are their purposes. Thus, the first chapter of this work is intended to investigate what a migration policy is and, therefore, it is divided into two sections. In the first, a theoretical approach is performed on the concept of migration policy, in which diverse perspectives on the topic will be analyzed. The second section is compiled case studies in which the authors tried to analyze the migration policy of certain countries. The goal of this research is to identify what was considered \"Migration Policy\" for each of these authors on conducting their studies. Thus, at the end of the first chapter, and from the confrontation of the proposed theories with empirical analyzes observed, will be presented a critique of what is considered a \"Migration Policy\" and will be defined the parameters for the analysis of Brazilian migration policy. The second chapter of this work consists precisely in the analysis of Brazilian migration policy, guided and defined by the criteria discussed in the previous chapter. Its first section is devoted to the analysis of academic studies on the Brazilian migration policy. Then will be identified the normative texts that defines it. Thus, at the end of this work will be answered what is the Brazilian migration policy and what are your goals in order to discern what are its limitations and its challenges.
Loubeyre, Alix. "Le droit européen des migrations et la confiance mutuelle entre les États membres de l'Union européenne". Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D028.
Texto completoThe question of the existence and preservation of mutual trust is essential in understanding the current dysfunctions of the European migration policy and the significant difficulties in implementing EU law in this area. EU migration law requires direct cooperation between the national authorities responsible for asylum, border control, entry, stay, and return of migrants in the European Union. These national authorities need to have confidence in each other's ability and willingness to meet their European obligations in the field of migration. This kind of mutual trust between the authorities has important consequences for the situation of migrants at the Union's borders, and within its territory. Mutual trust is defined in the thesis as a combination of two presumptions. First, that national systems are equivalent to each other, and second, that they are all in conformity with Union law and in particular with its fundamental values as referred to in Article 2 TFEU. This thesis analyses the dysfunctions of the common migration policy under the prism of mutual trust and aims to demonstrate that EU law has so far been unable to build the ‘systemic convergence’ necessary to ensure it
Maurício, Marta Isabel Fonseca. "O papel do género nas teorias das migrações internacionais: o caso de Portugal como país receptor entre 2000 a 2010". Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18160.
Texto completoSilva, Da Anunciacao Clodoaldo. "Regard transdisciplinaire sur le phénomène migratoire au Brésil et en France : prémisses pour un système normatif légitimé par l'altérité et les droits de l'homme". Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D044.
Texto completoIn a post-modem, multicultural, ambivalent and contingent environment, it is questioned in this study how to establish premises for a normative model to international migration, focusing on otherness and Human Rights; a model which can bring benefits to the countries of origin, destination and, especially for the migrant? lt was used a bibliographie and qualitative approach based on phenomenological and subject henneneutics to investigate the migration as a global complex and a transdisciplinary phenomenon. This research debates cultures, identities, diversity, otherness, and Human Rights to update concepts and institutions that capture the breadth and depth of human mobility spectrum in its potential. The aim is to identify premises for a legitimate normativity in a transcivilizational perspective based on human dignity, ethics of the species and Human Rights which regulates the global migration and provides benefits to the parties. A comparison between France and Brazil as representatives of the global North and South is made to demonstrate that the migration management, despite the predominance of humanized speech, state and social practices do not match the rhetoric disseminated. Results shows premises philosophical, economic, sociological, politic and legal that identify a legitimate regulation that effectively includes the migrant as a human persan at the center of discussions and decisions as addressed and author in the sense of belonging of immigration policies
Amaro, Anabela Rodrigues. "Migrações circulares na União Europeia : gestão e cooperação com países terceiros". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14212.
Texto completoNuma era de globalização, onde a mobilidade se torna por vezes sinónimo de circularidade, as migrações circulares têm vindo a ser constantemente referenciadas nos discursos políticos da atualidade como um conceito com potencial estratégico, tendo em conta os novos padrões das migrações internacionais. Trata-se de uma estratégia que deve beneficiar tanto os países de origem, como os países de chegada, bem como os migrantes que integram nestes fluxos, fazendo ressurgir as teorias que defendem os benefícios das migrações para o desenvolvimento. Porém, as migrações circulares não geram consenso em termos conceptuais e são estatisticamente invisíveis. Para além disso, segundo autores, são ineficazmente geridas e problematicamente transformadas numa buzzword. A União Europeia constitui um espaço geográfico no qual a circulação interna de indivíduos parece constituir um elemento de coesão, embora com alguns casos pontuais de divergência. Contudo, a circulação de indivíduos provenientes de países terceiros depara-se com o fechamento quase completo das fronteiras externas da União. A cooperação internacional com países terceiros parece falhar pela sua visão política de curto prazo, mas também pela falta de uma framework partilhada para a gestão das migrações, para a construção de parcerias para a mobilidade e para a resolução de incoerências em campos de ação concretos, como o caso das migrações circulares e das parcerias para a mobilidade circular.
In an era of globalization, where mobility seems to become synonymous of circularity, circular migrations has been constantly referenced in current political discourses as a concept with strategic potential, considering the new patterns of international migration. It is a strategy that should benefit both the countries of origin and the countries of arrival as well as the migrants who are part of these flows, bringing back the theories that advocate the benefits of migration for development. However, circular migration doesn't benefit from a consensus in conceptual terms and is statistically invisible. In addition, according to some authors, it is inefficiently managed and problematically transformed into a buzzword. The European Union summarizes a geographical space, which the internal circulation of individuals seems to be an element of cohesion, although with some occasional cases of divergence. However, movement of individuals from third countries is confronted with the blocking of external borders of the Union. International cooperation with third countries fails because of its short-term political vision but also because of the lack of a shared framework for migration management, for the building of partnerships for mobility and for the resolution of inconsistencies, in concrete fields of action, such as the case of circular migrations and partnerships for circular mobility.
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NICHOLS, PETER PIERRE. "Les politiques de migration europeennes et internationales, et l'emploi : du comite intergouvernemental pour les migrations europeennes (c.i.m.e.) a l'organisation internationale pour les migration (o.i.m.)". Toulouse 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU10004.
Texto completoCoiffard, Marie. "Les déterminants et impacts macroéconomiques des transferts de fonds des migrants : une analyse du cas des pays fortement dépendants". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00784378.
Texto completoDiop, Mor. "Migration et prostitution : la prostitution comme étape dans les parcours de migration de femmes d'Afrique subsaharienne vers la France et l'Allemagne". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAG025.
Texto completoThe objective of this thesis is to understand, on the one hand, the migratory trajectory of women from sub-Saharan Africa to Europe and, on the other hand, their entry into prostitution, that is to say, the reasons and factors that were responsible for them making the decision go into prostitution. For this study, I carried out an empirical project using a qualitative methodology based on the encounter, exchange and co-production of knowledge. Individual life stories were shared by women mainly from sub-Saharan Africa, working or having worked in the field of prostitution during their migratory journeys to Germany or to France. Overall, the goal is to analyze the trends that emerge from this study
Silvestre, Filho Oscar. "Migração: da ordem jurídica internacional a suas perspectivas no Brasil". Universidade Nove de Julho, 2016. http://bibliotecatede.uninove.br/handle/tede/1635.
Texto completoMade available in DSpace on 2017-06-05T17:35:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oscar Silvestre Filho.pdf: 755831 bytes, checksum: 2daf663a1f81edb79fd0a6578a75cfd4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-19
This study aims to compare the Brazilian human rights policies for immigrants with international human rights policies. For It had been made a literature review of international legal institutions for the protection of migrants' rights. Research work have been started from Advisory Opinions study before the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, noting the concern of nations in the commitment of respect for fundamental rights, establishing a comparison with the policies implemented by the Brazilian government and its verification in practice regarding the application of the rule in the guarantee of human rights. Also noted the importance of States to establish migration policies consistent with international legal orders regarding the rights of migrants, in order to seek a balance in the creation of a universal order, marked by match rights between national and foreign.
O objetivo deste trabalho tem a finalidade de analisar a aplicação dos direitos humanos dos migrantes e as políticas migratórias estabelecidas pelo Estado brasileiro em comparação com instrumentos jurídicos de proteção do estrangeiro no âmbito internacional. Para tanto, faz-se uma revisão de institutos jurídicos de proteção dos migrantes no âmbito internacional, partindo-se, inclusive, de estudo de Pareceres Consultivos perante a Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, observando a preocupação das nações no compromisso do respeito aos direitos fundamentais, estabelecendo-se comparação com as políticas implementadas pelo Estado brasileiro e a sua verificação na prática, no que concerne a aplicação da norma na garantia dos direitos humanos. Observou-se também a importância dos Estados em estabelecer políticas migratórias condizentes com as ordens jurídicas internacionais relativamente aos direitos dos migrantes, no sentido de se buscar um equilíbrio na criação de uma ordem universal, marcada pela equiparação de direitos entre o nacional e o estrangeiro.
Magalhães, Giovanna Mode. "Fronteiras do direito humano à educação: um estudo sobre os imigrantes bolivianos nas escolas públicas de São Paulo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-16092010-100821/.
Texto completoThe purpose of this study is to understand how the human right to education for immigrants from Bolivia in the city of Sao Paulo is being fulfilled. The research is situated at the crossroad between two contemporary global debates: on one hand, the growth and complexity of the international migration process, and, on the other, tensions concerning the universalization of rights in unequal and discriminatory societies. Throughout this study, we analyzed the domestic and international laws and discussed the literature on international migration and its interface with the field of Human Rights, in particular questioning the relationship between rights for citizens or rights for all - as many people from the group we focused on are living illegally in Brazil, which does not take away the guarantee of the realization of their fundamental rights. To capture the details of the relationships and characteristics around this process, we visited places where Bolivian immigrants gather in the city, we conducted exploratory conversations with representatives of civil society organizations that fight for immigrants rights, and, finally, we carried out 16 interviews with students, parents, teachers and employees of public schools in the capital. The research was developed from three analytical axes. The first deals with the relationship between access and retention in school, observing the obstacles in that direction. The second point of analysis takes into account the relationship between the Bolivian immigrants and families with the local school community especially teachers and other Brazilian students. There is a tension when it comes to contemporary international debate in the field of human rights involving universalism and particularism, equality and difference, which was considered during the development of all this study and particularly along this axis. The third and final axis draws on the families and their expectations regarding the school. What are the Bolivian immigrants\' expectations? What do mothers say about Brazilian school, what do they think about local teachers? A first assessment shows that, at least from a human rights perspective, there is still a long way to go. The universal right to education here is challenged by many kinds of violations and also by the silence that touches this issue - the lack of data, research and visibility hinder the realization of educational rights. For those who are illegally in the country, even though the law guarantees this right, the lack of documentation is still an obstacle to enter or even to leave the school. Bureaucracy, lack of information on educational rights and indifference to the fact they have other native languages are other barriers observed along this study. Once inside the school, the reports we collected showed important elements that characterize an environment that does not promote learning and challenges the promotion of human rights, with cases of prejudice, discrimination and violence.
Angrisani, Roberto. "L'action de la Cour de Justice de l'Union européenne pour la protection des droits fondamentaux face à la répression des migrations irrégulières". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67910.
Texto completoL'étude défend la thèse selon laquelle la Cour de justice de l'Union européenne, avec son action interprétative, joue un rôle majeur dans la définition du niveau de protection des droits fondamentaux des migrants en condition irrégulière dans l'UE. Les compétences limitées de l'UE en matière migratoire, partagées avec les États membres (article 4, § 2, lettre j TFUE ), n'ont pas empêché la Cour de justice d'affirmer des principes généraux de droit qui ont marqué l'évolution de l'activité législative européenne, au point de contrecarrer l'action répressive mise en exergue par les États membres et parfois par l'UE elle-même. Néanmoins, l'interprétation faite par la CJUE du droit primaire et dérivé à la lumière de la Charte des droits fondamentaux de l'UE rencontre des limites majeures lorsqu'elle vise le contentieux pénal et administratif portant sur l'immigration irrégulière. La première partie de l'étude est consacrée aux limites de l'action interprétative de la CJUE. La dimension territoriale étant le fil conducteur de la recherche, l'analyse montrera d'abord les obstacles qui s'opposent à une action efficace des juges de Luxembourg face à la répression « avant l’entrée » et « à la sortie » des migrants. En effet, tant les accords pris par l'UE ou par ses États membres avec des pays tiers pour empêcher les départs, que les accords de réadmission visant les retours des migrants en condition irrégulière vers leur pays d'origine ou vers des pays de transit se placent souvent à l'extérieur des compétences de la CJUE. La deuxième partie se concentre sur les pratiques de répression des migrations irrégulières sur le territoire de l'UE. L'importance du mécanisme du renvoi préjudiciel (article 267 TFUE) sera mise en exergue à partir du contentieux pénal sur la criminalisation des migrations et le contentieux administratif sur la répression du même phénomène. Si l'efficacité de l'action de la CJUE manifeste son ampleur dans la dimension interne de la répression des migrations, l'analyse de sa jurisprudence touchant la dimension externe de la répression permet de montrer le besoin d'harmonisation dont la politique migratoire de l'UE a besoin aujourd’hui.
This research argues that the European Court of Justice, with its interpretative action, plays a major role in defining fundamental rights for irregular migrants in the EU. The limited competences of the EU in migration matters, shared with the Member States (Article 4(2)(j) TFEU), have not prevented the Court of Justice from affirming general principles of law that have marked the development of European legislative activity, to the point of thwarting the law enforcement action highlighted by the Member States and sometimes by the EU itself. Nevertheless, the interpretation made by the CJEU of primary and secondary law in the light of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights encounters major limitations when it comes to criminal and administrative litigation on illegal immigration. The first part of the study is dedicated to the limits of the interpretative action of the CJEU. As the territorial dimension is the central thread of the research, the analysis of case law shows the obstacles to effective action by Luxembourg judges in the face of repression "before entry" and "on exit" of migrants. Indeed, both the agreements taken by the EU or by its Member States with third countries to prevent departures, and the readmission agreements aimed at the return of migrants in an irregular condition to their country of origin or to transit countries are often outside the competence of the CJEU. The second part focuses on the practices of repression of irregular migration on the territory of the EU. The importance of the preliminary ruling mechanism (Article 267 TFEU) will be highlighted from the criminal litigation on the criminalisation of migration and the administrative litigation on the repression of the same phenomenon. While the effectiveness of the action of the CJEU is obvious in the internal dimension of the repression of migration, the analysis of its case law on the external dimension of repression shows the need for harmonisation that EU migration policy needs today.
Channac-Nadal, Frédérique. "Vers une gouvernance globale des migrations ? : genèse et renouveau du système multilatéral des migrations internationales". Bordeaux 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR40052.
Texto completoMultilateral international organisations have been confronted to internal and external crises and have had to adapt their mandates and activities to deal with environmental changes. Since its genesis the international system of cooperation went through three periods of change. This work tackles the question of change - in each organisational sub-system ; in the system ; and of the system -, and, thus, more generally its ability for adaptability. Thus we are interested in the issue of organisational learning, and the organisations' capacity to learn for change. Another way to deal with organisational learning is the analysis of the instrumentalisation of learning programmes or capacity building programmes to promote change within the system or a change of system. The promotion of multi-level diplomacy and capacity building and research programmes are then turned into tools for strategies of transfer of cooperation models for migration management. Systemic shifts between governance levels are the analysed : first, regarding the genesis and fragmentation of international institutions in the field of migration ; then, analysing their links with regional consultative processes for migration and their instrumentalisation of and by international organisations, promoting a rhetoric of depolitization and technicisation ; and, finally, accounting for the strategies of this regional informal cooperation in influencing present discussions on the reform of the international system and in promoting the concept of global governance for migration
Charupa, Kotsuba y Panasiuk. "INTERNATIONAL LABOUR MIGRATION". Thesis, Київ 2018, 2018. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/33677.
Texto completoGuichard, Lucas. "Three Essays on the Economics of Migration". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAD008.
Texto completoThe questions around international migration, determined by economic and/or socio-political motives, regularly appear as an important and divisive topic in the political world, in public opinion or in the media. While attention towards this debate is relatively recent, the analysis of the causes and consequences of migration flows between countries has been addressed by economists and, more generally, by academia for many years. The three articles in this dissertation are in line with the economic literature on migration, while contributing to existing research on similar issues.In the first chapter, I examine the pattern of selection on education of asylum seekers recently arrived in Germany from five key source countries: Afghanistan, Albania, Iraq, Serbia, and Syria. The analysis relies on original individual-level data collected in Germany combined with surveys conducted at origin. The results reveal a positive pattern of selection on education for asylum seekers who were able to flee Iraq and Syria, and the selection is neutral for individuals seeking asylum from Afghanistan and negative for asylum seekers from Albania and Serbia. I provide an interpretation of these patterns based on differences in the expected length of stay at destination, the migration costs faced by asylum seekers to reach Germany, and the size of migration networks at destination.In the second chapter, we emphasize that acquiring information about destinations can be costly for migrants. We model information frictions in the rational inattention framework and obtain a closed-form expression for a migration gravity equation that we bring to the data. The model predicts that flows from countries with a higher cost of information or stronger priors are less responsive to variations in economic conditions in the various destinations, as migrants rationally get less information before deciding where to move. The econometric analysis reveals systematic heterogeneity in the pro-cyclical behaviour of migration flow across origins that is consistent with the existence of information frictions.In the third chapter, I attempt to provide an answer to the following question: does the adoption of a list of safe countries of origin influence the asylum applications lodged in OECD member states? I draw on a structural gravity model to derive an empirical migration equation that is brought to the data to estimate the direct effect of the list on the bilateral number of asylum claims. This, in turn, allows me to solve the structural model to quantify the externalities arising from a counter-factual experiment about the safe country policy. The empirical analysis reveals that the introduction of a list of safe source countries leads to a decrease of around 30% in the bilateral volume of asylum applications. The simulation exercise under an hypothetical change of the asylum policy suggests the presence of diversion effects on the sheer scale of asylum claims across both origin and destination countries
Marchal, Léa. "Theory and empirical evidence on contemporary international migration : Five contributions". Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL12013.
Texto completoThis thesis contributes to the economics of migration. This field of research analyses why people move and the consequences for origin and host societies. Our work focuses on the determinants of the international mobility of people, particularly on how globalisation forces shape international migration. Various definitions of the term globalisation exist. Here, it is defined as a global integration process of world markets that can be characterised by a progressive standardisation of national regulations and increasing competition among economic agents. This process results from trade and factor flow liberalisation, as well as from an improvement of communication and transport technologies. More precisely, we study (i) how international migration interacts with other international flows, namely trade and foreign direct investment, and (ii) how migration decisions are impacted by the growing integration of economies
Diallo, Saliou Dit Baba. "Bakel (Sénégal) : trajectoires d'une ville de la moyenne vallée du fleuve Sénégal (XVIIe - XXIe siècles)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT5038.
Texto completoUnlike the predominantly monographic approach in the field of African historiography in general and Senegal in particular, this thesis puts forward a model of a city which trajectory lies between a homogeneous pattern and cosmopolitan linear model. Using the case of the town of Bakel (Senegal), this study tackles, over a long period of time, the link between the history of settlement, colonialism and the international migrations, by focusing on logical changes and continuities. In line with academic works on micro-history, our approach gives close attention to the clientelist, differential and competitive logics, to family ties, to internal resources specific to families and their lived and sustained experiences. This therefore is to think differently about the town from family trajectories, readapted to macroscopic changes. Thus, results of a historical analysis of the "long-term" shows that Bakel first bore the image of a "native" territory characterised by a failed coexistence between a "Wolof model" and a "Soninké model" fron the seventeenth to the nineteenth century. Then it carried the imprint of a "French territory" right from the early nineteenth century. From the 1960 independence period until the 1990s, Bakel displayed this characteristic which has secreted colonial, migratory and sedentary experiences, in line with both logical changes and continuities. Since the 1990s, under globalization, the urbanization process of Bakel has undergone a singular transformation, making it a space of expression of multiple identities. The analysis of family trajectories, connected to macroscopic changes in the town of Bakel, has allowed to privide a homogeneous look to attribute to this territory, mainly known as "pays soninké"
Mankou, Brice Arsène. "Cybermigration maritale des femmes camerounaises de Yaoundé vers le Nord-Pas-de-Calais : analyse sociologique et enjeux sociaux d'une migration nouvelle". Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL12016/document.
Texto completoIn the Cameroon the rapid and exponential development of ICT has aroused great hope amongst the population especially where the most vulnerable categories are concerned, in particular young people and women who see this information and communication technology as a means to emigrate. Cybermigration is a perfect illustration of the way in which Cameroonians build migratory "cyberstrategies" thanks to ITC. "To look for and find and white man" on the net has become so commonplace that marital cybermigration seems to be a real social problem in this central African country. Thus, this thesis strives to analyse by means of a socio-anthropological perspective this phenomenon which concerns a certain number of Cameroonians from Yaoundé and the Nord-Pas-de-Calais. The empirical approach consisting of semi-direct interviews and life stories answers four main questions which are: Who is a cybermigrant ? How does she manage to emigrate? Why does she emigrate? Which modern information and communication technologies does she use in order to emigrate? In second part, this thesis tries to make sense and describe the marital cybermigration as it is told of by Cameroonian women of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais. Marital cybermigration is therefore dealt with from two points of view wich are : cybermigration seen from the outside with potential cybermigrant women and cybermigration seen from wikim with cameroonien cybermigrants from the Nord-Pas-de-Calais area
Dujmovic, Morgane. "Une géographie sociale critique du contrôle migratoire en Croatie : ancrages et mirages d'un dispositif". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0646.
Texto completoThis dissertation explores contemporary dimensions of the migratory control dispositif in Croatia. The research outlines how camps designed for people in migration were implemented through European union pre-adhesion incentives or funding. Through a geographical approach, the dispositif is analysed from the 2000s to the time period of the so called migratory "crisis" (2015-2016), in order to scrutinize its forms, fonctions and dynamics. At the individual level, the analysis questions the effects of this way of dealing with otherness in local societies. To this end, the cartographic project pays attention to the personal migratory journeys. Based on a social ant holistic geography and on the Croatian case-study, the conclusions of the research interrogate restrictive immigration and asylum policies in Europe