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Escobar-Vega, Luis M., Víctor H. Zaldívar-Carrillo y Ivan Villalon-Turrubiates. "Semantic invoice processing". Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 34, n.º 5 (24 de mayo de 2018): 2913–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-169477.
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Raker, Joseph. "Automated Invoice Processing Using Vendor-Supplied Tapes". Serials Librarian 15, n.º 3-4 (diciembre de 1988): 161–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j123v15n03_19.
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Anwar, Choirul. "The Analysis of Financial Invoice Automation System (IAS) Based on the Effectiveness and Efficiency in Invoice Processing at the Procurement Department: a Case Study of Company Perintis Mandiri". Winners 12, n.º 1 (31 de marzo de 2011): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/tw.v12i1.683.
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Financial invoice processing is an important part of Company Perintis Mandiri’s daily business. Today, to catch up the advance of technology development, Company Perintis Mandiri has applied a new financial automatic invoice system called IAS. The scope of this research is the effectiveness and efficiency issues arose from the conversion of financial invoice processing system, from manual to automatic, and the significant differences between them. The research method used is qualitative method, study case approach. To present an objective data analysis, the writer analyzes the internal control of the financial invoice processing systems with COSO theory as the reference, by conducting interviews to the respondents. The writer also analyzes the effectiveness and efficiency between the manual and the automatic system by using a simple numerical measurement. At the end, the result of this research is important to be recognized as an input to develop, maintain, and evaluate the current financial invoice processing system used by Company Perintis Mandiri.
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Baviskar, Dipali, Swati Ahirrao y Ketan Kotecha. "Multi-Layout Invoice Document Dataset (MIDD): A Dataset for Named Entity Recognition". Data 6, n.º 7 (20 de julio de 2021): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data6070078.
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The day-to-day working of an organization produces a massive volume of unstructured data in the form of invoices, legal contracts, mortgage processing forms, and many more. Organizations can utilize the insights concealed in such unstructured documents for their operational benefit. However, analyzing and extracting insights from such numerous and complex unstructured documents is a tedious task. Hence, the research in this area is encouraging the development of novel frameworks and tools that can automate the key information extraction from unstructured documents. However, the availability of standard, best-quality, and annotated unstructured document datasets is a serious challenge for accomplishing the goal of extracting key information from unstructured documents. This work expedites the researcher’s task by providing a high-quality, highly diverse, multi-layout, and annotated invoice documents dataset for extracting key information from unstructured documents. Researchers can use the proposed dataset for layout-independent unstructured invoice document processing and to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based tool to identify and extract named entities in the invoice documents. Our dataset includes 630 invoice document PDFs with four different layouts collected from diverse suppliers. As far as we know, our invoice dataset is the only openly available dataset comprising high-quality, highly diverse, multi-layout, and annotated invoice documents.
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Baviskar, Dipali, Swati Ahirrao y Ketan Kotecha. "Multi-Layout Unstructured Invoice Documents Dataset: A Dataset for Template-Free Invoice Processing and Its Evaluation Using AI Approaches". IEEE Access 9 (2021): 101494–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3096739.
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Farrell, Katharine Treptow y Janet E. Lute. "Document-Management Technology and Acquisitions Workflow: A Case Study in Invoice Processing". Information Technology and Libraries 24, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 2005): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ital.v24i3.3372.
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<span>Library acquisitions has moved from paper to online records for ordering and receiving, but the audit archive for invoices has remained largely paper based. Document-management technology (DMT) offers a solution to this condition. The authors survey the literature on DMT and its potential for use in the library acquisitions environment. This article considers the rationale and policy decisions that underpin the elimination of paper in favor of image files as an audit archive in library materials invoicing. A case study of the implementation of DMT to support and enhance traditional invoice processing in the acquisitions department of a large research library is included.</span>
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Harsh Arora. "Electronic Invoicing using Image Processing". International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 6, n.º 12 (1 de enero de 2021): 520–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst061299.
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Most ecommerce companies have their receive to pay process as predominantly manual, leading to non-reliability of payments & delayed visibility for sellers and requirement of additional manpower for scaling up for buyers. With the correct image and pdf processing tools, it is possible to automate this process for more efficient and cost-effective results. The research paper focuses on automating the task of invoice processing which is predominantly done manually. The idea is to save time, effort, and costs while eliminating human errors from the process. There are several existing image and pdf processing tools of which we will discuss pdftotext, tesseract and tesseract4.
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Klinčar, Amir y Jovana Zoroja. "Supply Chain Management Supported by E-Invoicing". International Journal of E-Services and Mobile Applications 13, n.º 2 (abril de 2021): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijesma.2021040103.
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E-invoice refers to the usage of the internet system to provide different payment processes. The advantages of e-invoicing have been recognized by many organizations. Therefore, enterprises are trying to replace paper invoices with electronic documents. Automated business processes are the future of the modern economy, and implementation of e-invoicing into a supply chain management leads to broader automation projects (e.g., evaluated receipts, supply chain finance). In this paper, the authors explore differences between enterprises in European countries according to the usage of e-invoicing by the enterprises different by size (small, medium, and large). Data were collected from the Eurostat database regarding usage of e-invoicing by enterprises for the year 2018. Variables used in the analysis are (1) enterprises sending e-invoices suitable for automated processing, (2) enterprises sending e-invoices not suitable for automated processing, (3) enterprises sending paper invoices. First, collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Second, cluster analysis was conducted to compare small, medium, and large enterprises regarding their behavior related to e-supply chain management using e-invoices.
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Oster, Jasmin y Birgit Schenk. "Status quo of electronic invoice processing at municipalities in the federal state of Baden-Württemberg". Central and Eastern European eDem and eGov Days 338 (16 de julio de 2020): 287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.24989/ocg.338.23.
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On 16 April 2014, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union adopted the Directive on electronic invoicing for public contracts (2014/55/EU) in order to establish electronic invoicing as the predominant method by 2020. The e-invoicing directive requires all contracting authorities to be able to receive and process electronic invoices (ABI L133/1). The European legislator defines e-bill as "an invoice issued, transmitted and received in a structured electronic format that enables its automatic and electronic processing" (ABI L133/7).
This raises the question of (a) the status quo of electronic invoicing in Baden-Württemberg's municipalities, (b) their implementation barriers and drivers, and (c) the status quo in Baden- Württemberg compared to all other German states. This paper answers these questions and points out interesting aspects that raise new research questions.
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Mohammadzadeh , Nasibeh, Sadegh Dorri Nogoorani y José Luis Muñoz-Tapia . "Decentralized Factoring for Self-Sovereign Identities". Electronics 10, n.º 12 (18 de junio de 2021): 1467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10121467.
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Invoice factoring is a handy tool for developing businesses that face liquidity problems. The main property that a factoring system needs to fulfill is to prevent an invoice from being factored twice. Distributed ledger technology is suitable for implementing the platform to register invoice factoring agreements and prevent double-factoring. Several works have been proposed to use this technology for invoice factoring. However, current proposals lack in one or several aspects, such as decentralization and security against corruption, protecting business and personally identifiable information (PII), providing non-repudiation for handling disputes, Know-Your-Customer (KYC) compliance, easy user on-boarding, and being cost-efficient. In this article, a factoring registration protocol is proposed for invoice factoring registration based on a public distributed ledger which adheres to the aforementioned requirements. We include a relayer in our architecture to address the entry barrier that the users have due to the need of managing cryptocurrencies for interacting with the public ledger. Moreover, we leverage the concept of Verifiable Credentials (VCs) for KYC compliance, and allow parties to implement their self-sovereign identities by using decentralized identifiers (DIDs). DIDs enable us to relay on the DIDComm protocol for asynchronous and secure off-chain communications. We analyze our protocol from several security aspects, compare it to the related work, and study a possible business use case. Our evaluations demonstrate that our proposal is secure and efficient, as well as covers requirements not addressed by existing related work.
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Alan Jiju, Shaun Tuscano y Chetana Badgujar. "OCR Text Extraction". International Journal of Engineering and Management Research 11, n.º 2 (18 de abril de 2021): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31033/ijemr.11.2.11.
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This research tries to find out a methodology through which any data from the daily-use printed bills and invoices can be extracted. The data from these bills or invoices can be used extensively later on – such as machine learning or statistical analysis. This research focuses on extraction of final bill-amount, itinerary, date and similar data from bills and invoices as they encapsulate an ample amount of information about the users purchases, likes or dislikes etc. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology is a system that provides a full alphanumeric recognition of printed or handwritten characters from images. Initially, OpenCV has been used to detect the bill or invoice from the image and filter out the unnecessary noise from the image. Then intermediate image is passed for further processing using Tesseract OCR engine, which is an optical character recognition engine. Tesseract intends to apply Text Segmentation in order to extract written text in various fonts and languages. Our methodology proves to be highly accurate while tested on a variety of input images of bills and invoices.
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Sugiyah, Sugiyah y Nurhidayati Nurhidayati. "Prosedur Pengadaan Barang Impor Produk sepatu Di PT Sinar Pratama Agung Jakarta". Jurnal Akuntansi dan Manajemen 16, n.º 02 (10 de octubre de 2019): 267–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.36406/jam.v16i02.248.
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Procurement of goods is important for the company, because it is very important to the company and corporate profits. Procurement can be done in several ways, one of which is by way of import. In this time, an activity of importing a goods is not a difficult way because and many offer services to import the goods. Methods of data collection is done by observation, interview and documentation. Steps for procurement of goods is start from product selection, ordering of goods, making and checking documents to import, delivery of goods, payment of invoices, PIB payments, processes on shipping and customs, further processing of ports arriving at destination, carrying out goods, and finally can check the condition of goods in the warehouse. Documents required for the procurement process of imported goods are: Purchase Order, Invoice, Packing List, Bill of Lading, Certificate of Origin, Insurance, and Surveyor Report. To facilitate the process on customs and shipping until the expenditure of goods from the port can use forwarder services. This makes it easier and very helpful in the procurement process by importing.
Pengadaan barang merupakan hal yang penting dalam suatu perusahaan dagang, karena sangat berpengaruh terhadap jalannya suatu perusahaan dan keuntungan perusahaan. Pengadaan barang dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa cara, salah satunya yaitu dengan cara impor. Pada saat ini kegiatan mengimpor barang bukanlah hal yang sulit dan banyak yang menawarkan jasa untuk mengimpor barang. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Prosedur pengadaan barang impor dilakukan mulai dari pemilihan produk barang, pemesanan barang, membuat dan pengecekan dokumen untuk mengimpor barang, pengiriman barang, pembayaran Invoice, pembayaran PIB, proses pada pelayaran dan beacukai, selanjutnya proses pengeluaran barang dari pelabuhan hingga barang tiba pada tempat tujuan, penerimiaan barang, dan terakhir kemudian dapat melakukan pengecekan terhadap kondisi barang pada gudang. Dokumen yang dibutuhkan untuk proses pengadaan barang impor tersebut diantaranya yaitu Purchase Order, Invoice, Packing List, Bill of Lading, Certificate of Origin, Insurance, dan Laporan Surveyor. Untuk mempermudah dalam proses pada bea cukai dan pelayaran hingga pengeluaran barang dari pelabuhan dapat menggunakan jasa forwarder. Hal ini membuat semakin mudahnya dan sangat membantu dalam proses pengadaan barang dengan cara impor.
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Taslim, Sahnaz Faradiba, Ilyas Nuryasin y Wildan Suharso. "RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM MANAJEMEN PERGUDANGAN BERBASIS WEBSITE PADA PT. ASTRAGRAPHIA (CABANG DEPO JAYAPURA)". Jurnal Repositor 2, n.º 6 (14 de abril de 2020): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/repositor.v2i6.753.
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AbstrakPT. Astragraphia adalah perusahaan yang bergerak pada bidang industri yang dimana aktivitas pengelolaan rantai supplynya harus dijaga dan ditingkatkan , pada bagian pergudangan diperusahaan ini terdapat masalah yaitu dimana belum tersedianya sistem manajemen pergudangan yang bisa diakses di luar lingkungan perusahaan sehingga kurang optimalnya jam kerja karyawan karena harus kembali ke kantor untuk melakukan pengecekan stok barang ataupun memberikan validasi barang yang berupa invoice. Pada saat ini PT. Astragraphia telah memiliki aplikasi namun hak akses aplikasi tersebut terbatas hanya dilingkungan perusahaan sehingga menyulitkan karyawan jika berada diluar perusahaan. Dengan ini menjadikan tidak efektifnya jam kerja karyawan jika ingin mengecek barang, mengorder barang ke pusat dan juga menyerahkan bukti pembelian barang yang berupa invoice kepada pelanggan. Berdasarkan pemasalahan diatas penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun sebuah sistem manajemen pergudangan berbasis website dengan menggunakan framework CodeIgniter dan metodologi yang digunakan SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) model Waterfall guna untuk memaksimalkan kegiatan pengolahan data barang pada gudang cabang depo Jayapura. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Rancang bangun sistem manajemen pergudangan yang akan membantu kegiatan pengolah data barang yang masuk dan keluar, penyuplai, transaksi pelanggan dan pembuatan laporan barang.AbstractPT. Astragraphia is a company engaged in the industrial sector where its supply chain management activities must be maintained and improved, in the warehousing section of this company there is a problem where there is no available warehousing management system that can be accessed outside the company environment so employees work hours are not optimal because they have to return to office to check the stock of goods or provide validation of goods in the form of invoices. At this time PT. Astragraphia already has an application but the access rights of the application are limited only to the company environment making it difficult for employees if they are outside the company. This makes it ineffective in working hours for employees if they want to check goods, order goods to the center and also submit proof of purchase of goods in the form of invoices to customers. Based on the above problems, this study aims to build a website-based warehousing management system using the CodeIgniter framework and the methodology used in the Waterfall Model Development Life Cycle (System Development Life Cycle) to maximize the data processing activities of goods at the Jayapura depot branch warehouse. The results of this study are the warehousing management system design that will assist data processing activities for incoming and outgoing goods, suppliers, customer transactions and reporting of goods.
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Stefanovova, Zuzana, Hana Bartkova y Jindra Peterkova. "Evaluation of the Effects of Digitization in the Process of Accounting Operations in a Selected Manufacturing Company". SHS Web of Conferences 74 (2020): 02016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20207402016.
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The principles of industry 4.0 progressively penetrate into accounting. The process of accounting activities from entering accounting documents to posting accounting documents is now fully automated. Through digitization and artificial intelligence, the invoice is automatically read and recorded in the accounts. On the other hand, activities in the process of control of realized accounting operations, including financial management of the company, remain to the accountants. Digitization of invoices is based on converting from paper form by using document scanners to digital form. This is followed by automatic reading from invoices through AI which uses neural networks. Accounting Act is intended to define methods of using electronic documents, understanding accounting records. It will give the sufficient knowledge of the technology used and knowledge of employees to automate accounting operations. Despite this, digitization brings benefits in terms of time savings, lower costs, and an overview of the volume of liabilities on invoices. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the effects of digitization of accounting operations through corporate economic data. At the same time identify the main problems that arise during digitization. Case study will document the findings. The business data of a particular company and data from the Czech Statistical Office will be used for processing.
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Wahyudin, Dian. "PERLAKUAN PAJAK PERTAMBAHAN NILAI (PPN) ATAS DEBIT NOTE EKSPOR JASA KENA PAJAK". Transparansi : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Administrasi 7, n.º 2 (25 de septiembre de 2019): 171–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31334/trans.v7i2.46.
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This study was conducted to determine about the debit notes is a taxable and tariffs 10% ( ten percent ) on export of taxable service if it is reviewed by taxable supplies, and to determine the treatment of VAT on Debit Note reviewed by the concept of destination principle and to determine whether it is acceptable in tax regulation of Indonesia if It’s issued a Debit Note for collecting of company income and to estimate how much penalties arise. This study used qualitative methods with qualitative descriptive analysis. The object of research is based on data available at the company that is secondary data. Data collection techniques are Library research.The results of data processing that the Debit Note is an taxable of VAT. In terms of destination Principle Debit Note is taxable to VAT 0 % (Zero Percent) for the shipping charge, the Minimum Order Quantity (MOQ) charge and cancel orders charge / penalty fees. Debit Note Billing mechanism is allowed in tax regulation as long as there is a document whose position equivalent to tax invoice for canceled order charge/penalty fees, but charge for shipping and the Minimum Order Quantity (MOQ) charge don’t allow in the tax regulation because it is non-compliance of the material terms of the tax invoice. As a result of the Debit Note that issued raised the sanctions of Article 14 paragraph (2) of general provisions and taxation procedures for 2 % of the tax base.Based on the suggested better in making commercial document to charge must analyze aspects of taxation in order to prevent tax penalties in this case to issue Debit Note need to create a document that is equivalent to a Tax Invoice because mechanism of the Debit Note is taxable of VAT.
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Hu, Shuyu. "Research on Data Acquisition Algorithms Based on Image Processing and Artificial Intelligence". International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 34, n.º 06 (23 de septiembre de 2019): 2054016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001420540166.
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At present, image recognition processing technology has been playing a decisive role in the field of pattern recognition, of which automatic recognition of bank notes is an important research topic. Due to the limitation of the size of bill layout and printing method, many invoice layouts are not clear, skewed or distorted, and even there are irregular handwritten signature contents, which lead to the problem of recognition of digital characters on bill surface. In this regard, this paper proposes a data acquisition and recognition algorithm based on improved BP neural network for ticket number identification, which is based on the theory of image processing and recognition, combined with improved bill information recognition technology. First, in the pre-processing stage of bill image, denoising and graying of bill image are processed. After binarization of bill image, the tilt detection method based on Bresenham integer algorithm is used to correct the tilted bill image. Secondly, character localization and feature extraction are carried out for par characters, and the target background is separated from the interference background in order to extract the desired target characters. Finally, the improved BP neural network-based bill digit data acquisition and recognition algorithm is used to realize the classification and recognition of bill characters. The experimental results show that the improved method has better classification and recognition effect than other data acquisition and recognition algorithms.
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Nurahman, Dede, Feri Prasetyo y Eka Pratama. "Perancangan Program Pengelolaan Transaksi Pembelian dan Penjualan Perlengkapan Olahraga Pada Abadi Sport". Jurnal Sisfokom (Sistem Informasi dan Komputer) 7, n.º 1 (30 de marzo de 2018): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32736/sisfokom.v7i1.291.
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Abstract – Purchasing and Sale of Goods System is a system that provides information services in the form of transaction data purchase and sale of goods and stock of goods. The existence of this information system is important. In this case, ABADI SPORT serve as a place of research, because the system of purchase and sale of goods in the place has not been well managed so that there is often a mistake in making the existing report, ineffective and efficient data storage because only archived. So as to complicate the search of data, the form of invoice is similar to causing an error in Recording, slow presentation of information required by the leadership. The method used is structured programming language and development method using waterfall model. Data collection method used is using observation method, interview, literature study. Analytical tools used are Use Case Diagram, Activity Diagram, Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD), Logical Record Structure (LRS). The software used is: NetBeans IDE 8.1, java 1.7.7, and Xampp 1.7.7. The design of this program is built in order to provide convenience in processing data purchase and sale both from purchases to suppliers and sales to customers as well as processing reports purchase and sales to be more precise and accurate. Key Word: Program Design, Purchasing and Sales Program
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Nanney, Marilyn S., Katherine Y. Grannon, Colin Cureton, Courtney Hoolihan, Mark Janowiec, Qi Wang, Cael Warren y Robert P. King. "Application of the Healthy Eating Index-2010 to the hunger relief system". Public Health Nutrition 19, n.º 16 (25 de mayo de 2016): 2906–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001600118x.
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AbstractObjectiveTo demonstrate the feasibility of applying the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) to the hunger relief setting, specifically by assessing the nutritional quality of foods ordered by food shelves (front-line food provider) from food banks (warehouse of foods).DesignThis Healthy FOOD (Feedback On Ordering Decisions) observational study used electronic invoices detailing orders made by 269 food shelves in 2013 and analysed in 2015 from two large Minnesota, USA food banks to generate HEI-2010 scores. Initial development and processing procedures are described.ResultsThe average total HEI-2010 score for the 269 food shelves was 62·7 out of 100 with a range from 28 to 82. Mean component scores for total protein foods, total vegetables, fatty acids, and seafood and plant proteins were the highest. Mean component score for whole grains was the lowest followed by dairy, total fruits, refined grains and sodium. Food shelves located in micropolitan areas and the largest food shelves had the highest HEI-2010 scores. Town/rural and smaller food shelves had the lowest scores. Monthly and seasonal differences in scores were detected. Limitations to this approach are identified.ConclusionsCalculating HEI-2010 for food shelves using electronic invoice data is novel and feasible, albeit with limitations. HEI-2010 scores for 2013 identify room for improvement in nearly all food shelves, especially the smallest agencies. The utility of providing HEI-2010 scores to decision makers in the hunger relief setting is an issue requiring urgent study.
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Perkasa, Manggala Raka, Rinta Kridalukmana y Eko Didik Widianto. "Perancangan Sistem Manajemen Restoran dengan Aplikasi Pemesanan Restoran Berbasis Mobile dalam Jaringan Lokal". Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Komputer 4, n.º 2 (23 de abril de 2016): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jtsiskom.4.2.2016.289-294.
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In modern times, like today, the role of software or applications that run on top of the platform is very important. This is because almost all of the work done by the people, made by the software or application. Applications can be used to assist in the processing of data and upload the final report. Data recorded previously processed by the paper can be recorded and processed by the application so that more efficiently.Development of an information systemin this study using the method of waterfall. Waterfall model consist of: requirements, design, implementation, testing and maintenance. For the start of the design, developer need to observations or interviews to determine the needs of the system that being developed. Application developed using the framework Codeigniter. System Management Restaurant build for help uses that has restaurant to manage activity in there like order menu, processing menu in kitchen, make invoice for custumer, and generate report of finance. This application can be expected to help user in process data efficiently so thet improve wuality of restaurant in terms of service and time. This system has a 5 user that consisting of waiters, chef, cashiers, manager, owner which every user has different privilege. System management restaurant developed using web-based programming which support in mode client server and uses MySQL as a database management storage.
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Utama, Damasius Wikaryana, I. Gusti Lanang Agung Raditya Putra y I. Putu Satwika. "Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Pemesanan Custom Furniture Berbasis Website". J-SAKTI (Jurnal Sains Komputer dan Informatika) 3, n.º 1 (4 de marzo de 2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30645/j-sakti.v3i1.96.
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Information is the king pin in business. Companies challenge their self to get an actual and factual information to be exist and win the tender. Companies are forced to use an up-to-date technology to produce the information needed. Especially in custom furniture company that has a long business process. It starts from measuring, modelling, budgeting, quotation, re-measuring, quality control, budget realization, until invoice printing. All of those processes must be organized in 1 management, so the custom furniture company can provide the actual and factual information for their customers. CV. Bali Interio is one of the company run in custom furniture business. This company has problems in their business process, it starts from the unorganized documents, slow processing documents que, messing measuring schedule, online buyer that doesn’t have an online media to buy, and the customers who want to monitor their order online. Based on the problems, it can be concluded that CV. Bali Interio needs a computerized system to solve the problems so it can give the best information needed for company or customer.
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Arifin, Furry. "Mempermudah Pengawasan Operasional dan Keuangan di Biro Perjalanan dengan Menggunakan Aplikasi Gtass". ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications 5, n.º 2 (1 de diciembre de 2014): 720. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/comtech.v5i2.2234.
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Some travel agencies have difficulty in monitoring the operational control and generating financial report. This is due to the operation of the data storage for business transactions conducted separately , and the reporting of the financial statements company are still found not in accordance with the bank reconciliation . In this study, the methodology the system development life cycle (SDLC) is used ranging from data collection through interview, observation and study of the literature up to the stage of application development, namely the analysis phase in the travel agency using the method of direct observation of the flow through the reporting process. After that, go into the design stages of database design methods and user interface. Global Travel Agency System Solutions (GTASS) product is the integration system designed specifically for the corporate travel agency that exists to facilitate control operations, such as creating a bill (invoice), Letter of Gurantee (LG) and financial oversight as receipts and expenditure of money. With the ease of processing, then the presentation of the financial statements can be done automatically. Important early financial supervision carried out by the travel agency due to an increase in sales without adequate consideration of financial supervision, will lead to the emergence of new problems, which in turn will hamper efforts to increase the sales.
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Abdurahman, Nandar Cundara, Nanang Alamsyah y Sumarni. "Total Quality Management pada Pembuatan Film Radiography". Jurnal Industri Kreatif (JIK) 3, n.º 02 (22 de febrero de 2020): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36352/jik.v3i02.32.
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Dalam era global persaingan menjadi semakin tajam. Hanya perusahaan yang dapat menghasilkan kualitas barang atau jasa yang sesuai dengan tuntutan pelanggan yang dapat memenangkan persaingan. Mengacu pada data PT. Astar Testing & Inspection Batam dalam satu bulan minimal terdapat 20% cacat pada photo radiography sampai ditolak pelanggan. Dari cacat tersebut terdapat masalah yang sangat merugikan perusahaan juga orang lain seperti tertundanya pembayaran invoice, waktu yang terbuang sia-sia, dan hilangnya kepercayaan client terhadap kinerja operator RT perusahaan tersebut. Untuk menganalisa suatu kegagalan/cacat dalam film radiography, dilakukan pengolahan data dengan menggunakan alat bantu Statistical Processing Control (SPC) dimulai dengan pengumpulan data check sheet, histogram, diagram pareto, menghitung uji keseragaman dan kecukupan data, batas kontrol, diagram alir, dan diagram sebab akibat. Piranti TQM (Total Quality Manajement) diterapkan dalam langkah-langkah siklus PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Action) untuk menyelesaikan persoalan kerja yang dihadapi dan mengadakan perbaikan secara terus-menerus. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari cacat radiography antara lain diperlukannya perbaikan kualitas manusia, bahan baku, mesin, metode kerja,dan lingkungan. Untuk film 4’’x10’’ terdapat 64% cacat karena kegagalan pencucian dan penegringan dan film 4’’x15’’ terdapat 49% cacat karena kegagalan pencucian dan pengeringan. Usulan perbaikan yang disarankan adalah pelatihan, pengawasan, perbaikan sarana ruang proses pencucian, pembelian bahan baku sesuai standar kualitas, dan membuat instruksi kerja secara tertulis dan rinci kepada setiap team sebelum memulai pekerjaan.
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Clark, Marsha S. "The Cost of Processing Invoices". Acquisitions Librarian 2, n.º 4 (11 de enero de 1991): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j101v02n04_09.
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Kovalova, Erika y Monika Poradova. "Innovate forms of project financing under the conditions of globalization". SHS Web of Conferences 92 (2021): 04015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219204015.
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Research background: Innovative approaches to financing innovative projects are a very important part of innovation and project management in the current global environment, given the rapid pace of the market. The article submitted consists of four parts. The first part deals with the issue of project financing as well as innovative approaches to project financing. The second part describes them as current forms of financing in the form of individual forms of financing for innovative projects, but also as a combined form of financing for innovative projects with classic forms of internal and external financial resources. The third part of the article consists of an analysis of market developments, the volume of countries using innovative forms of crowdfunding project financing. Part three also includes a discussion. The fourth part deals with conclusions on the subject. Purpose of the article: To describe innovative forms of project funding in a global innovation environment through entrepreneurial angels and crowdfunding. One of the objectives of the present article is to analyses the global development of the market, the volume of countries using innovative forms of project financing through crowdfunding. Methods: In the processing of the present paper, a descriptive method, analysis, mathematical and statistical methods, graphic methods, comparison and synthesis were used. Findings & Value added: Will provide an overview of the global market for crowdfunding. It includes financing models such as P2P consumer credit and P2P business loans, real estate crowdfunding, invoice trading, balance sheet loans, etc.
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Sembiring, Indriana. "PENGENDALIAN SETIAP REKENING TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS ARUS KAS PT. ABC". Jurnal Organisasi dan Manajemen 14, n.º 2 (30 de septiembre de 2018): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33830/jom.v14i2.161.2018.
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This study research aims to analysis how the accounts receivable control to effectivity of cash flow PT. ABC. The analysis performed is: analyzing the management of receivables system in the control and manage of the accounts receivable of the company. Data obtained from the company in the Financial report data form of period July 2013-June 2014. The analysis in this study has used the descriptive analysis, trend analysis, cash conversion cycle analysis, and Financial ratio analysis. The results of this research study indicate that PT. ABC implements a management, processing to manage and control receivables system based on SOP (Standard Operating Procedures), but in the actual implementation there are having some things that are not in accordance with SOP. The factors involve the amount of receivables PT. ABC such as credit sales percentage, sales terms, customer type, and collection of the billing invoice. The account receivable takes more than 30 days (n>30), it means that the amount of receivables owned is not enough to be converted into cash, impact to pay account payables to suppliers. The credit policy would like to apply, expected to provide optimal benefits and able to accelerate the collectible receivables so that it can be converted into cash immediately, to be used as working capital and pay the account payables PT. ABC.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengendalian piutang dagang terhadap efektifitas arus kas. Data diperoleh dari perusahaan berupa data laporan keuangan periode Juli 2013–Juni 2014. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif, trend, cash conversion cycle, dan analisis rasio keuangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa PT. ABC memberlakukan sistem proses manajemen pengelolaan dan pengendalian piutang berdasarkan POS (Prosedur Operasi Standar), namun dalam pelaksanaannya masih terdapat beberapa hal yang tidak sesuai dengan POS. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi besarnya jumlah piutang PT. ABC yakni persentase penjualan kredit, ketentuan penjualan, tipe pelanggan, dan usaha penagihan. Piutang tertagih membutuhkan waktu lebih dari 30 hari artinya bahwa jumlah piutang yang dimiliki belum cukup untuk dikonversi menjadi kas, sehingga hal ini juga berdampak kepada pelunasan hutang-hutang PT. ABC kepada supplier. Kebijakan kredit yang diterapkan diharapkan mampu memberikan keuntungan yang optimal dan mampu mempercepat piutang tertagih sehingga bisa segera dikonversi menjadi kas untuk digunakan sebagai modal kerja dan membayar hutang dagang PT. ABC.
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Stankevych, G., A. Katz, V. Shpak y O. Gaponiuk. "RESEARCH OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF GRAIN RAILWAY ON GRAIN TERMINAL". Grain Products and Mixed Fodder’s 19, n.º 4 (7 de febrero de 2020): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15673/gpmf.v19i4.1590.
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An important component of the production and export of grain is the system of transportation of grain from its producers to grain reloading terminals. Among the means of transportation of grain the leading place is occupied by the railway, which is able to provide uninterrupted multi-tonnage transportation of grain from producers to the places of its accumulation and shipment to sea vessels. However, there are some problems in the internal and external operation of grain terminals, which has necessitated these studies. The purpose of the study was to investigate the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the flow of grain from the railway to the grain terminal to improve its efficiency. The object of the study was the technological process of receiving grain from the railway at the grain terminal; The subject of the research was grain crops, as well as data on daily revenues of grain by railway transport at the grain reloading terminal of LLC «Ukrelivatorprom» for three calendar years — from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014. The studies were conducted on the basis of the processing of the data of the invoice logs for each year of the research, which summed up the amount of daily transported grain (net). Further processing of the obtained was performed by the combined graphoanalytical method, for which on the basis of tables for each investigated year the corresponding histograms were constructed and the necessary indicators were determined. It was found that maize had the highest volumes of grain coming from the railways in 2012–2014, followed by wheat in 2012 and rapeseed in 2013–2014. Barley was the third, except for 2013, in which its volumes were the smallest among the main crops that came to LLC «Ukrelevatoprom» in the years studied. It is shown that the major share was occupied by cereals (67.1… 78.1%), followed by oilseeds (15.1…26.7%), and the smallest was occupied by legumes (2.77…6.8%). The duration of the annual grain intake periods, which amounted to 315, 331 and 333 days, respectively, was determined for 2012–2014. Annual, daily average and maximum grain yields were determined, as well as daily and annual irregularity coefficients of grain supply. The actual coefficients of the daily irregularity of the grain input from the railway in the period 2012-2014 were respectively Kdaily = 1.62; 1.86; 1.79, and monthly irregularities respectively K mont. = 1.31; 1,40; 1.35. According to the standards such coefficients have values Kdaily = 2.5 and Kmont. = 2.0, which allows to use them for design and verification calculations of grain terminal equipment in technological processes of grain acceptance from railway transport.
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Schmidt, Karsten, Marian Graumann y Joachim Bobrich. "Rapid Mapping for German Federal Authorities". Abstracts of the ICA 1 (15 de julio de 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-322-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (BKG) in Germany is a technical agency under the Federal Ministry of the Interior, Building and Community (BMI). The organization consists of three departments namely Geoinformation, Geodesy and a Business Operations/Support department. Each department has multiple units which carry out their own respective duty in their field of subject. Tasks related to providing and homogenizing spatial data are located inside the geoinformation department. The main focus lies here on uniting the data collected by the federal states to form different types of nationwide datasets. The geodesy department focusses on real time satellite navigation systems, very long baseline interferometry and geodetic reference systems.</p><p>A recent development in the federal authorities has been the demand for quick maps and spatial data to support fast decision making processes. The BKG has established a complete workflow which allows for rapid data processing and the distribution to the respective customers. It is split into six sub processes with several branching options, processing and backpropagation steps. This allows for a systematic approach to covering the customer’s demand for spatial data and for the internal production chain. The workflow is backed up by a project management system, a quality management system and a production management system each covered in a handbook specially prepared to ensure consistency along the workflow.</p><p>The workflow gets started by the customer posing their request either via the service center (SC) unit, via mail or phone or through the controlling institution as a decree or an executive order. The first contact is crucial as important information is being exchanged and a rough concept of the demand is shaped. Once the actual task has reached the BKG a ticket number and an internal processing identifier will be assigned by the SC and the resource manager (RM) respectively. These unique keys will be used for the communication with the customer and additionally utilized as a tool for the administrative actions being carried out in the background. This action involves querying the license status of the customer which in addition determines the maximum cost of the task and the authorization of the data being used. In parallel the task, now referred to as a ticket, is being implemented in the project management system. Certain additional information will be assigned to the ticket like the project manager (PM) and the project processor. Once this step has been completed the working directory for the ticket will be created by using a predefined folder structure. This structure is composed of a data, export, communications and documentation folder. Depending on the nature of the ticket various preconfigured templates are at hand and will be used to ensure uniformity of the final products. If needed further communication with the customer is carried out. Data research is the last step in this part of the workflow (see figure 1).</p><p>The processing of the actual data makes up most of the workflow regarding time. Aspects like a uniform styleguide and quality controls by colleagues are performed alongside the work progress. If any non comforming aspect is found, the feedback is given directly to the person in charge of the ticket while also being mirrored in the project management system. Once the product is ready for deployment, final communication with the customer is executed. Additional changes stated by the customer can be implemented whereby an extra iteration of the quality process will be necessary. The data deployment is either carried out as a print product, a DVD, an OGC service or via a download option (see figure 2).</p><p>The final steps of the workflow involve the report of delivery to the service center, the creation of the cost report and the closure of the ticket in the project management system. The cost report is created in a semi-automatic process from data stored in the project management system and combined with the material cost report. It is then send via e-mail to the service center which will carry out any necessary invoice collections. Furthermore the internal data folder structure is cleaned up and a screenshot is taken of the product to use it as a subsidiary product in the dedicated online gallery of created products. Finally the closing information is relayed to the service center and the ticket gets closed (see figure 3). This whole workflow can be executed within several hours, days or weeks, depending on the deadline imposed by the customer or the event. Actual rapid mapping activations are done by multiple people simultaneously working on different steps of the previously explained workflow. This allows for fast response times and the accomplishment of the activation in time.</p>
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Moore, D. "Person perception: Does it involve IQ-independent perceptual processing?" Intelligence 20, n.º 1 (febrero de 1995): 65–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-2896(95)90006-3.
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Kibenge, F. S. B., B. Qian, J. R. Cleghorn y C. K. Martin. "Infectious bursal disease virus polyprotein processing does not involve cellular proteases". Archives of Virology 142, n.º 12 (diciembre de 1997): 2401–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050251.
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Rossini, G. P., N. Sgarbi y C. Malaguti. "The toxic responses induced by okadaic acid involve processing of multiple caspase isoforms". Toxicon 39, n.º 6 (junio de 2001): 763–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0041-0101(00)00202-6.
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Neta, Maital, William M. Kelley y Paul J. Whalen. "Neural Responses to Ambiguity Involve Domain-general and Domain-specific Emotion Processing Systems". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 25, n.º 4 (abril de 2013): 547–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00363.
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Extant research has examined the process of decision making under uncertainty, specifically in situations of ambiguity. However, much of this work has been conducted in the context of semantic and low-level visual processing. An open question is whether ambiguity in social signals (e.g., emotional facial expressions) is processed similarly or whether a unique set of processors come on-line to resolve ambiguity in a social context. Our work has examined ambiguity using surprised facial expressions, as they have predicted both positive and negative outcomes in the past. Specifically, whereas some people tended to interpret surprise as negatively valenced, others tended toward a more positive interpretation. Here, we examined neural responses to social ambiguity using faces (surprise) and nonface emotional scenes (International Affective Picture System). Moreover, we examined whether these effects are specific to ambiguity resolution (i.e., judgments about the ambiguity) or whether similar effects would be demonstrated for incidental judgments (e.g., nonvalence judgments about ambiguously valenced stimuli). We found that a distinct task control (i.e., cingulo-opercular) network was more active when resolving ambiguity. We also found that activity in the ventral amygdala was greater to faces and scenes that were rated explicitly along the dimension of valence, consistent with findings that the ventral amygdala tracks valence. Taken together, there is a complex neural architecture that supports decision making in the presence of ambiguity: (a) a core set of cortical structures engaged for explicit ambiguity processing across stimulus boundaries and (b) other dedicated circuits for biologically relevant learning situations involving faces.
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Golomolzina, Diana Rashidovna, Maxim Alexandrovich Gorodnichev, Evgeny Andreevich Levin, Alexander Nikolaevich Savostyanov, Ekaterina Pavlovna Yablokova, Arthur C. Tsai, Mikhail Sergeevich Zaleshin et al. "Advanced Electroencephalogram Processing". International Journal of E-Health and Medical Communications 5, n.º 2 (abril de 2014): 49–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijehmc.2014040103.
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The study of electroencephalography (EEG) data can involve independent component analysis and further clustering of the components according to relation of the components to certain processes in a brain or to external sources of electricity such as muscular motion impulses, electrical fields inducted by power mains, electrostatic discharges, etc. At present, known methods for clustering of components are costly because require additional measurements with magnetic-resonance imaging (MRI), for example, or have accuracy restrictions if only EEG data is analyzed. A new method and algorithm for automatic clustering of physiologically similar but statistically independent EEG components is described in this paper. Developed clustering algorithm has been compared with algorithms implemented in the EEGLab toolbox. The paper contains results of algorithms testing on real EEG data obtained under two experimental tasks: voluntary movement control under conditions of stop-signal paradigm and syntactical error recognition in written sentences. The experimental evaluation demonstrated more than 90% correspondence between the results of automatic clustering and clustering made by an expert physiologist.
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O'GRADY, WILLIAM. "Grammar, processing and acquisition". Journal of Child Language 31, n.º 2 (mayo de 2004): 493–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000904006142.
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Drozd notes that Crain & Thornton's view of children's processing capacities (namely that they are the same as those of adults) is inconsistent both with the more widely held view that there are at least quantitative differences between the performance systems of children and adults, and with what is known about the acquisition of many grammatical phenomena. There is, I believe, an additional consideration that must be brought to bear here: there are highly suggestive parallels among children acquiring their first language, adults acquiring a second language, and Broca's (agrammatic) aphasics with respect to the comprehension of patterns that involve comparatively heavy demands on the processor. These parallels not only seem to confirm that children's processing resources are initially compromised, they point to the possibility of a greater role for processing in understanding grammatical development.
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Castronovo, Julie y Virginie Crollen. "Numerical comparison of two-digit numbers: How differences at encoding can involve differences in processing". Journal of Cognitive Psychology 23, n.º 1 (febrero de 2011): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2011.445985.
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Jain, M. y T. Christman. "Processing of submicron grain 304 stainless steel". Journal of Materials Research 11, n.º 11 (noviembre de 1996): 2677–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1996.0336.
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A novel thermomechanical processing technique for the synthesis of bulk submicron grain (grain size ≈200 nm) 304 stainless steel is reported. This ingot-metallurgical technique requires a total deformation of only 95%, and the key steps to this processing technique involve (i) formation of ultrafine dislocation cell structure, and (ii) the conversion of dislocation cells into grains with medium to high misorientation by grain boundary sliding.
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Castiello, Umberto, Dean Lusher, Carol Burton y Peter Disler. "Shadows in the Brain". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 15, n.º 6 (1 de agosto de 2003): 862–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892903322370780.
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The aims of the present study were to investigate whether the processing of an object shadow occurs implicitly, that is without conscious awareness, and where physically within the human brain shadows are processed. Here we present neurological evidence, obtained from studies of brain-injured patients with visual neglect, that shadows are implicitly processed and that this processing may take place within the temporal lobe. Neglect patients with lesions that do not involve the right temporal lobe were still able to process shadows to optimize object shape perception. In contrast, shadow processing was not found to be as efficient in neglect patients with lesions that involve the right temporal lobe.
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Gagné, Christina L. y Thomas L. Spalding. "Constituent integration during the processing of compound words: Does it involve the use of relational structures?" Journal of Memory and Language 60, n.º 1 (enero de 2009): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2008.07.003.
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Stec, Donald F., Calisa Henry, David E. Stec y Paul Voziyan. "Changes in urinary metabolome related to body fat involve intermediates of choline processing by gut microbiota". Heliyon 5, n.º 4 (abril de 2019): e01497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01497.
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Chou, Chung-Hsien, Masahiro Hayakawa, Atsushi Kitazawa y Phillip Sheu. "GOLAP: Graph-Based Online Analytical Processing". International Journal of Semantic Computing 12, n.º 04 (diciembre de 2018): 595–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x18500071.
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Graph-based Online Analytical Processing (GOLAP) extends Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) to address graph-based problems that involve object attributes. Based on graph data, GOLAP can answer user queries related to combinatorial optimization, structural analytics, and influence analytics. Besides, since a GOLAP system is an online interactive system that requires fast response time, the execution time for graph-problem queries is essentially critical. Thus, how to speed up the execution time of specific graph problems becomes a challenge in GOLAP. In this paper, we show several methods to speed up the running time, including graph data reduction and approximation. In this paper, we survey classes of graph-based queries, challenges for GOLAP, and solutions that GOLAP provides.
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JIANG, NAN. "Morphological insensitivity in second language processing". Applied Psycholinguistics 25, n.º 4 (octubre de 2004): 603–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716404001298.
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Two competing explanations exist regarding the nature of morphological difficulty in adult second language acquisition: competence deficit versus performance deficiency. This study tested these explanations by examining English as a second language (ESL) learners' morphological performance in reading comprehension tasks. Chinese ESL speakers were asked to read English sentences for comprehension in three self-paced word by word reading experiments. Their reading times were measured to determine if they were sensitive to idiosyncrasies/disagreement in sentences that do and do not involve the number morpheme. The results show that they are not sensitive to number disagreement, but sensitive to other idiosyncrasies tested. This insensitivity to the number morpheme suggests that their morphological knowledge is not an integrated part of their automatic second language competence.
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Senju, Atsushi y Mark H. Johnson. "Is eye contact the key to the social brain?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences 33, n.º 6 (diciembre de 2010): 458–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x10001275.
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AbstractEye contact plays a critical role in many aspects of face processing, including the processing of smiles. We propose that this is achieved by a subcortical route, which is activated by eye contact and modulates the cortical areas involve in social cognition, including the processing of facial expression. This mechanism could be impaired in individuals with autism spectrum disorders.
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., Vishali, Harpal Singh y Priyanka Kaushal. "Relevance of Matrices and Image Processing". CGC International Journal of Contemporary Technology and Research 2, n.º 2 (26 de junio de 2020): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.46860/cgcijctr.2020.06.26.126.
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An image is formed by the small bit of information namely pixel which is stored in the form of an array or a matrix. An image is converted into a digital form and some operations are carried out on this so that an improved image can be obtained and some specific information regarding the same can be recovered too; this procedure is known as image processing. Different processes in image processing involve different methods and operations applied. Matrix Theory has great importance in the operations applied in image processing. This manuscript is focused on the relationship of matrix theory and image processing in various applications of image processing. In order to understand the higher dimension matrices in image processing, some applications are considered to give a good insight.
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Dryuchkova, O. A., R. A. Bykov y S. V. Mamyachenkov. "The Ways of Development of Combined Hydrometallurgical Technology for Processing of Complex Ores’ Beneficiation Tailings". Materials Science Forum 946 (febrero de 2019): 564–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.946.564.
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The article reviews the need to involve poor raw materials in processing, presents the results of the information search on the processing of technogenic wastes from beneficiation. It is shown which factors influence the choice of a specific flowsheet. The review of processing technologies for poor refractory raw materials was performed. The basic trends in processing of technogenic wastes from polymetallic ores beneficiation were established. It is noted that it is more advantageous to use combined hydrometallurgical methods for processing of technogenic wastes from beneficiation.
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MONTGOMERY, JAMES W., JULIA L. EVANS y RONALD B. GILLAM. "Relation of auditory attention and complex sentence comprehension in children with specific language impairment: A preliminary study". Applied Psycholinguistics 30, n.º 1 (enero de 2009): 123–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716408090061.
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ABSTRACTWe investigated the relation of two dimensions of attentional functioning (sustained auditory attention and resource capacity/allocation) and complex sentence comprehension of children with specific language impairment (SLI) and a group of typically developing (TD) children matched for age. Twenty-six school-age children with SLI and 26 TD peers completed an auditory continuous performance task (ACPT, measure of sustained attention), a concurrent verbal processing-storage task (measure of resource capacity/allocation), and a picture pointing comprehension task. Correlation analyses were run to determine the association between the measures of attention and sentence comprehension. The SLI group performed more poorly than the TD group across all tasks. For the SLI group, even after removing the effects of age, ACPT score and performance on the concurrent processing-storage task still significantly correlated with complex sentence comprehension. Sustained attention also correlated with simple sentence comprehension. Neither attention variable correlated with sentence comprehension in the TD children. For children with SLI, the comprehension of complex grammar appears to involve significant use of sustained attention and resource capacity/allocation. Even simple sentence comprehension requires significant auditory vigilance. In the case of TD children, neither complex nor simple sentence comprehension appears to invoke significant attentional involvement.
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Gould, Grahame W. "New processing technologies: an overview". Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 60, n.º 4 (noviembre de 2001): 463–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns2001105.
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Most food-preservation techniques act by slowing down or completely inhibiting the growth of micro-organisms. Few techniques act by inactivating them. While heat remains the technique most extensively used for inactivation, there has been increasing interest recently in the development of alternative approaches in response to the desires of consumers for products which are less organoleptically and nutritionally damaged during processing and less reliant on additives than previously. The new approaches, therefore, mostly involve technologies that offer full or partial alternatives to heat for the inactivation of bacteria, yeasts and moulds. They include the application to foods of high hydrostatic pressure, high-voltage electric discharges, high-intensity laser and non-coherent light pulses, ‘manothermosonication’ (the combination of mild heating with ultrasonication and slightly-raised pressure), and high-magnetic-field pulses. In addition, a number of naturally-occurring antimicrobials, including lysozyme and low-molecular-weight products of micro-organisms are finding increasing use. High pressure is being used commercially to non-thermally pasteurize a number of foods, while the other physical procedures are in various stages of development and commercial evaluation. Possible nutritional consequences have so far been given little attention compared with microbiological ones.
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Kelly, Christopher B., Christopher (Xiang) Lee y Nicholas E. Leadbeater. "An approach for continuous-flow processing of reactions that involve the in situ formation of organic products". Tetrahedron Letters 52, n.º 2 (enero de 2011): 263–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.11.027.
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Liang, Chunyang, Minying Zhang y Shao-Cong Sun. "β-TrCP binding and processing of NF-κB2/p100 involve its phosphorylation at serines 866 and 870". Cellular Signalling 18, n.º 8 (agosto de 2006): 1309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cellsig.2005.10.011.
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Kuzora, Igor', Elena Simonova y Stepan Uhanev. "DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGY FOR PROCESSING HEAVY OIL RESIDUES". Modern Technologies and Scientific and Technological Progress 1, n.º 1 (17 de mayo de 2021): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-9896-2021-1-1-45-46.
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The physicochemical and chemmotological characteristics of bottom sediment oil
sludge were studied to determine the optimal processing conditions. The possibility of obtaining light
distillates using the thermal method of exposure to oil sludge is investigated. A variant of the involve ment of bottom sediments in the installation of delayed coking is proposed
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Rammsayer, Thomas y Eckart Altenmüller. "Temporal Information Processing in Musicians and Nonmusicians". Music Perception 24, n.º 1 (1 de septiembre de 2006): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2006.24.1.37.
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The present study was designed to examine the general notion that temporal information processing is more accurate in musicians than in nonmusicians. For this purpose, 36 academically trained musicians and 36 nonmusicians performed seven different auditory temporal tasks. Superior temporal acuity for musicians compared to nonmusicians was shown for auditory fusion, rhythm perception, and three temporal discrimination tasks. The two groups did not differ, however, in terms of their performance on two tasks of temporal generalization. Musicians’superior performance appeared to be limited to aspects of timing which are considered to be automatically and immediately derived from online perceptual processing of temporal information. Unlike immediate online processing of temporal information, temporal generalizations, which involve a reference memory of sorts, seemed not to be influenced by extensive music training.
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Francis, Roger y Steve Clarke. "Corrosion in Caustic Soda in Mineral Processing Operations". Corrosion 76, n.º 7 (9 de mayo de 2020): 707–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5006/3520.
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Because of the high cost of energy, hydrometallurgy is frequently preferred to smelting to extract metals from ores. Many of these processes involve leaching of the metal with an acid, often sulfuric acid. However, there are some processes that use alkaline leachates, such as sodium hydroxide. Hot alkaline solutions present somewhat different corrosion problems to acidic ones and this paper presents data on the corrosion performance of metals and polymers in hot alkaline solutions. Some case histories from the mineral processing industry are used to demonstrate the importance of correct material selection in these corrosive solutions.