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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Jamaica. Social Development Commission"

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Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021
Última modificación: 7 de febrero de 2022

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1

Ferguson, Trevor S., Novie O. M. Younger-Coleman, Jasneth Mullings, Damian Francis, Lisa-Gaye Greene, Parris Lyew-Ayee y Rainford Wilks. "Neighbourhood socioeconomic characteristics and blood pressure among Jamaican youth: a pooled analysis of data from observational studies". PeerJ 8 (6 de octubre de 2020): e10058. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10058.

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Introduction Neighbourhood characteristics are associated with several diseases, but few studies have investigated the association between neighbourhood and health in Jamaica. We evaluated the relationship between neighbourhood socioeconomic status (SES) and blood pressure (BP) among youth, 15–24 years old, in Jamaica. Methods A pooled analysis was conducted using data from three studies (two national surveys and a birth cohort), conducted between 2005–2008, with individual level BP, anthropometric and demographic data, and household SES. Data on neighbourhood SES were obtained from the Mona Geo-Informatics Institute. Neighbourhood was defined using community boundaries from the Social Development Commission in Jamaica. Community characteristics (poverty, unemployment, dependency ratio, population density, house size, and proportion with tertiary education) were combined into SES scores using principal component analysis (PCA). Multivariable analyses were computed using mixed effects multilevel models. Results Analyses included 2,556 participants (1,446 females; 1,110 males; mean age 17.9 years) from 306 communities. PCA yielded two neighbourhood SES variables; the first, PCA-SES1, loaded highly positive for tertiary education and larger house size (higher value = higher SES); while the second, PCA-SES2, loaded highly positive for unemployment and population density (higher value = lower SES). Among males, PCA-SES1 was inversely associated with systolic BP (β-1.48 [95%CI −2.11, −0.84] mmHg, p < 0.001, for each standard deviation unit increase in PCA-SES1 score) in multivariable model accounting for age, household SES, study, BMI, fasting glucose, physical activity and diet. PCA-SES1 was not significantly associated with systolic BP among females (β −0.48 [−1.62, 0.66], p = 0.410) in a similar model. Associations for PCA-SES2 was assessed using linear splines to account for non-linear effects. The were no significant associations between systolic BP and PCA-SES2 among males. Among females, higher PCA-SES2 (i.e. lower SES) was associated with higher systolic BP at spline 2 [z-score -1 to 0] (β4.09 [1.49, 6.69], p = 0.002), but with lower systolic BP at spline 3 [z-core 0 to 1] (β-2.81 [−5.04, −0.59], p = 0.013). There were no significant associations between diastolic BP and PCA-SES1, but PCA-SES2 showed non-linear associations with diastolic BP particularly among males. Conclusion Higher neighbourhood SES was inversely associated with systolic BP among male Jamaican youth; there were non-linear associations between neighbourhood SES and systolic BP among females and for diastolic BP for both males and females.
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2

Clarke, Colin. "From slum to ghetto: Social deprivation in Kingston, Jamaica". International Development Planning Review 28, n.º 1 (marzo de 2006): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/idpr.28.1.1.

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Moncrieffe, Joy. "Negotiating Children's Social Contexts in Jamaica: Ethics, Practicalities and Research Methodologies". IDS Bulletin 40, n.º 3 (mayo de 2009): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.2009.00040.x.

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Room, Graham. "Social Policy and the European Commission". Social Policy & Administration 25, n.º 3 (septiembre de 1991): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9515.1991.tb00513.x.

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Dreher, Melanie y Rebekah Hudgins. "Maternal Conjugal Multiplicity and Child Development in Rural Jamaica". Family Relations 59, n.º 5 (2 de noviembre de 2010): 495–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2010.00618.x.

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Marmot, Michael y Ruth Bell. "Health Equity and Development: the Commission on Social Determinants of Health". European Review 18, n.º 1 (febrero de 2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798709990081.

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From the start, the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health built its case for taking action on the social determinants of health, unashamedly, on principles of social justice. Quite simply, the Commission stated that health inequities in the sense of avoidable and preventable differences in health between countries, and between groups within countries according to income, occupation, education, ethnicity or between men and women, are unjust. Taking this position has brought praise and blame: praise for the Commission’s boldness in putting fairness on the global health agenda1 in the face of the dominant global model of economic growth as an end in itself, and blame for the Commission’s unworldliness in apparently not recognising that economic arguments push the political agenda.
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7

Shamshad, Ahmad y Md Nafees Ahmad Ansari. "Planning Commission: Fifty-Five Years of Planned Development and Social Sector". Indian Journal of Public Administration 51, n.º 3 (julio de 2005): 465–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556120050313.

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Kushnerev, I. M. "About development of social partnership in the agricultural sector of the Kursk region". Normirovanie i oplata truda v sel'skom hozyajstve (Rationing and remuneration of labor in agriculture), n.º 8 (1 de agosto de 2020): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-06-2008-01.

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In connection with the spread of coronavirus infection in end of April, a meeting took place by correspondence Kursk regional tripartite Commission on regulation of social-labor relations to discuss current issues, including "About implementation of the decision of the Kursk regional tripartite Commission on regulation socially-labour relations of 23 April 2018 No. 2 on the issue "About the state and measures for further development of social partnership in the agro-industrial complex".
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Dawson, Andrew. "Political Violence in Consolidated Democracies: The Development and Institutionalization of Partisan Violence in Late Colonial Jamaica (1938–62)". Social Science History 40, n.º 2 (2016): 185–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2016.1.

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Past research suggests that although political violence in mature democracies is rare, it does occasionally occur along ethnic, religious, and/or linguistic lines. Jamaica is an exceptional case in that it is a relatively mature democracy that experiences political violence between demographically similar groups. This article examines the origins of political violence in Jamaica—that is, the conditions that led to its development, intensification, and institutionalization during the late colonial period. Through original archival research, this article supports past findings identifying personality politics, the politicization of race/class divisions, and clientelism as contributing factors to the development of political violence. The research also, however, makes a major new contribution by providing evidence that colonial nonintervention during the early stages of political violence was a crucial factor leading to its escalation and then institutionalization. This finding gives the British colonial state a different and more central role than the extant literature suggests and has broader implications for all democracies.
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10

Jalloh, Abubakarr. "The United Nations Commission: a World Leisure summary of the 53rd session of the Commission for Social Development: rethinking and strengthening social development in the contemporary world". World Leisure Journal 57, n.º 3 (3 de julio de 2015): 237–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16078055.2015.1066606.

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Kasanga, Kasim. "Land Administration Reforms and Social Differentiation:A Case Study of Ghana's Lands Commission". IDS Bulletin 32, n.º 1 (enero de 2001): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.2001.mp32001007.x.

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Rao, Vijayendra y Ana María Ibáñez. "The Social Impact of Social Funds in Jamaica: A ‘Participatory Econometric’ Analysis of Targeting, Collective Action, and Participation in Community-Driven Development". Journal of Development Studies 41, n.º 5 (julio de 2005): 788–838. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220380500145297.

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13

Szyszczak, Erika. "Social Policy". International and Comparative Law Quarterly 52, n.º 4 (octubre de 2003): 1013–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/52.4.1013.

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The Barcelona Summit of March 2002 provided the catalyst for further coordination and synchronisation between the social and economic dimensions of the Lisbon Strategy framework. The definition of the ‘European Social Model’ as ‘good economic performance, a high level of social protection and education and social dialogue’ has become a working definition underpinning the direction of social policy in official publications.1 The Barcelona Presidency also led to the adoption of a streamlined set of Employment Guidelines, Recommendations to the Member States and Broad Economic Policy Guidelines on the same day, heralded as an ‘instrument for economic governance’ by the Commission.2 The reform of the European Employment Strategy (EES) concentrates upon the problems and weaknesses of the EES identified in the evaluation of the first 5 years of the Strategy.3 The Commission identified four central issues for reform, focusing upon the need to set clear objectives (which include priorities and targets), the need to simplify the policy guidelines, the need to improve governance and ensure greater consistency and complementarity with other EU processes. A new development on the eve of the Spring Council (the Brussels Summit) on 20–21 March 2003 was a ‘Social Summit’ attended by a troika of the Heads of State/Government of the past, current and future Presidencies, the Commission and the Social Partners. One outcome of this Summit was the creation of a new eight-member task force, chaired by Wim Kok.4 The aim of the European Employment Task Force is to investigate practical steps to prompt the Member States to implement the new revised EES endorsed at the Spring Summit. The Task Force will report to the Commission in time to draft the Joint Employment Report for the annual Spring Summits.
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Wint, Eleanor. "Sustainable communities, economic development, and social change: Two case studies of 'garrison communities' in Jamaica". Community, Work & Family 5, n.º 1 (abril de 2002): 85–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1366880022010191.

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Ismail, Zafar H. "Impediments to Social Development in Pakistan". Pakistan Development Review 38, n.º 4II (1 de diciembre de 1999): 717–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v38i4iipp.717-738.

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The development of infrastructure and the provision of basic services in Pakistan lie in the public domain. The quality of the built infrastructure and the service offered reflect successive governments’ capability as a channel for public sector funds, their role in overall financial and macro-economic planning and management, and their administrative efficiency in implementation, operations and management—in essence the extent to which they are able to adhere to the principles of good and humane governance. Good governance is generally conceived of as the judicious exercise of economic, political and administrative authority in the public and private spheres to manage a country’s affairs at all levels to improve the quality of life of the people. It is a continuing process where divergent opinions and desires are satisfied through compromise and tolerance in a spirit of cooperative action for the mutual benefit of the larger whole. It has three dimensions: one, the political regime; two, the systems and procedures for exercising authority; and three, the capacity of governments [World Bank (1994); UNDP (1997); OECD (1995); Commission on Global Governance (1995)].
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16

Dawson, Andrew. "The Social Determinants of the Rule of Law: A Comparison of Jamaica and Barbados". World Development 45 (mayo de 2013): 314–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.12.016.

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Phillips, David. "The IGU commission on health, environment and development". Health & Place 1, n.º 2 (junio de 1995): 127–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1353-8292(95)90007-1.

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Phillips, David. "The IGU Commission on Health, Environment and Development". Health & Place 1, n.º 3 (septiembre de 1995): 189–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1353-8292(95)90041-1.

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19

Thompson, Samantha, Abinwi Nchise, Oneurine Ngwa, Allison B. Conti, Victor Mbarika y Evan Duggan. "Jamaica's Internet Story based on the GDI Framework". International Journal of Information Systems in the Service Sector 7, n.º 3 (julio de 2015): 59–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijisss.2015070104.

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In this paper the authors examine the diffusion of the Internet in Jamaica through the lens of the Global Diffusion of the Internet (GDI) framework, which characterizes Internet diffusion along six dimensions: Pervasiveness, Geographical Dispersion, Sectoral Absorption, Connectivity Infrastructure, Organizational Infrastructure, and Sophistication of Use. Jamaica, like most developing nations, has faced numerous challenges to expanding its Internet and other information infrastructures over the past decade (; ). However, much of these efforts have yielded positive outcomes. For instance, the liberalization of the telecommunications sector in the late 1990's has led to increased access to the Internet and related applications for Jamaican citizens. The authors use this development as baseline for examining the pivotal role the Internet can play in economic, political, and social development through e-commerce, e-government, tele-education, and tele-medicine and discuss some “unintended” consequences of the Internet in Jamaica such as the use of technology to facilitate sex tourism. The authors conclude by offering implications of our study for research, practice and policy development.
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20

Golub, Stephen. "The Rule of Law and the UN Peacebuilding Commission: a social development approach". Cambridge Review of International Affairs 20, n.º 1 (marzo de 2007): 47–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09557570601155328.

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21

Eisele, Katharina. "Social security coordination in Association Agreements". European Journal of Social Security 20, n.º 2 (junio de 2018): 116–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1388262718771785.

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In March 2012, the European Commission adopted a Communication on the external dimension of EU social security coordination. On the one hand, the Commission explained that social security coordination between the EU and rest of the world is dealt with at a national level. On the other hand, the Commission argued that a common EU approach to social security coordination with third countries was under development. This common EU approach to social security coordination consists of a number of elements. One element relates to Association Agreements and Stabilisation and Association Agreements. These Agreements and specific Decisions taken by Association Councils (established by such Agreements) stipulate rules, which govern social security coordination for workers and their families, who move between the EU and the associated country. According to the Commission, once the Association Council Decisions are adopted, the common EU approach to social security coordination will be implemented. Six years after the publication of the 2012 European Commission Communication, questions arise as to whether or not the Association Agreements have been implemented, and the reasons for this. This article seeks to examine and contrast selected Association Agreements and Stabilisation and Association Agreements (SAAs), which provide social security rules for the nationals of the contracting parties. These will include the Ankara Agreement concluded with Turkey, the Euro-Mediterranean Agreements with Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia, and the SAAs with the Balkan countries. The aim of this article is to provide an overarching overview of the different legal positions that third-country nationals may rely on, based on their nationality, and to explore whether or not Association Agreements have been implemented in terms of social security coordination rules.
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22

Han, Chonghee, Jiho Jang y Sunhyuk Kim. "Social dialogue and industrial relations in South Korea: Has the tripartite commission been successful?" Asia Pacific Viewpoint 51, n.º 3 (29 de noviembre de 2010): 288–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8373.2010.01432.x.

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23

Verwoerd, Wilhelm. "Individual and/or Social Justice after Apartheid? The South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission". European Journal of Development Research 11, n.º 2 (diciembre de 1999): 115–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09578819908426741.

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Androff, David. "A case study of a grassroots truth and reconciliation commission from a community practice perspective". Journal of Social Work 18, n.º 3 (24 de junio de 2016): 273–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468017316654361.

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Summary Truth and Reconciliation Commissions represent an innovative model for social work practice. The Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission was a community-based intervention that sought to address lingering social trauma and tension from a 1979 incident of racial violence in North Carolina. This case study analyzes the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission from a community practice perspective by highlighting relevant aspects of the intervention for social work practice. The intervention is examined along the community practice dimensions of context, theoretical basis, practice model, framing, strategy, and tactics. Each dimension is presented and related to a specific aspect of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission case. Findings The historical context of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission includes legacies racism, labor exploitation, and violence that was pervasive in the U.S. south, as well as traditions of resistance to oppression. The theoretical underpinnings of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission include social constructionism and restorative justice. The Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission falls within the community practice models of neighborhood and community organizing and community capacity development. The intervention was framed as a Truth and Reconciliation Commission and incorporated a strategy of inclusiveness. The community practice tactics of fundraising, outreach and recruitment, research and investigation, and public hearings were employed. Applications This article concludes with assessments of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s impact and implications for community practice, including current applications of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission model in the U.S. Social workers working in communities can apply the Truth and Reconciliation Commission model and the specific community practice dimensions identified in the case study to empower communities and work to overcome legacies of social injustice, violence, and oppression.
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Bengston, W. F. "The Relationship of Social Science to Policy: The Case of the President's Crime Commission". Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 3, n.º 4 (diciembre de 1985): 427–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c030427.

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The structure and methods of operation of President Johnson's Crime Commission are described. From the unpublished transcripts of the Commission meetings, the process by which the Commission utilized relevant data, theory, and perspectives in the formulation of its policy recommendations is analyzed. It is concluded that social scientific information and perspectives, although important, were not the significant basis for formulating the recommendations of the Crime Commission. The scientific purposes, methods, and audiences of social science are not readily transferred to the political purposes, methods, and audiences of social policy formulation. Extrascientific political considerations become the significant immediate consideration in policy formulation and implementation.
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Stanley, Elizabeth. "Evaluating the Truth and Reconciliation Commission". Journal of Modern African Studies 39, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2001): 525–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x01003706.

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Following a negotiated transition to democracy in South Africa, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) was established to deal with crimes of the past regime. Despite the detail of submissions and the length of the Final Report, this article highlights the partiality of truth recognised by the Commission. The usefulness of acknowledged truth to deal with South Africa's past is shown to have been neutralised by wider concerns of social and criminal justice. In detailing the governmental reticence to provide reparations, the judicial disregard to pursue prosecutions, and the dismissal of responsibility for apartheid at a wider social level, the author argues that opportunities for reconciliation and developmental change are limited. Against the problems of crime, violence and unresolved land issues, the potential of the TRC to build a ‘reconciliatory bridge’ is called into question. The truth offered by the Commission increasingly appears of limited value.
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Ajagunna, Ibrahim, Fritz Pinnock y Robert Kerr. "Wilderness tourism – alleviating poverty through empowering local people". Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 6, n.º 3 (3 de junio de 2014): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-03-2014-0016.

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Purpose – This paper aims to examine how “wilderness tourism” is being successfully used to promote tourism development in the economically depressed community of Bangor Ridge in Jamaica. Through this promotion, its sponsor, Sun Venture Tours, has been able to create employment for local residents and in so doing, contribute to community development and poverty alleviation. The company has also been able to demonstrate that local entrepreneurs have the capacity to address issues in their communities with little or no reliance on government. Design/methodology/approach – The paper employs a qualitative research methodology using both primary and secondary data. The study focuses specifically on Bangor Ridge in Jamaica with Costa Rica and Belize used as comparators. Findings – This paper concludes that the exclusion of heritage assets from the government's development strategies for tourism in Jamaica has resulted in economic and social stagnation and a decline in economic opportunities for rural communities on the island where unemployment and poverty are rife. It argues that there is a strong case for consultation among all stakeholders as to the value of the country's natural assets and the future of tourism in Jamaica. The paper observes that tourism cannot be sustained unless Jamaica's natural assets are preserved and carefully utilized. Originality/value – This paper explores topical issues and provides a case study that clearly illustrates how government could redirect its interest in terms of support to local communities whose assets form the basis for tourism products on the island.
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Pinnock, Fritz, Ibrahim Ajagunna y Sandra Casanova. "Analysis of market conditions for logistics services and tourism: a Caribbean perspective". Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 9, n.º 1 (13 de febrero de 2017): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-11-2016-0065.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is an assessment of logistics services and tourism infrastructure in the Caribbean. The objective is to examine the efficiency and competitiveness of the logistics and tourism environment in the region. Design/methodology/approach Given the low levels of implementation of logistics services in Barbados and Jamaica, this study is exploratory, and it is hoped that future studies can build on this assessment of Barbados and Jamaica, and by extension the Caribbean. Findings Governments across the Caribbean need to recognize that the development of an effective logistics industry rests with improved technology, a proper legislative framework, the development of competent human resources and modern infrastructure development. Research limitations/implications The study was limited to Barbados and Jamaica, and so it is not representative of the rest of the Caribbean, as economies like Trinidad and Tobago, the Bahamas and the Dominican Republic have stronger trans-shipment and cruise tourism activities. Practical implications With the low pace of logistics development in the Caribbean, the demand for logistic services, which involve planning, managing and executing the movement of goods and information within global supply chains, will continue to be largely by firms’ desire to outsource some or all logistics-related activities to specialists. Social implications The need to plan for the development of a competent and certified pool of human resources to support the development of a logistics and tourism industry is critical. This therefore requires the development of specialized skills, knowledge and the competence of a flexible and agile workforce. Originality/value The focus on Barbados and Jamaica provide an adequate picture of the logistics markets and regulatory frameworks in different contexts of the Caribbean, including an economy directly connected with the global marketplace with a relatively diversified product structure, and another less extensively connected and diversified product structure.
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Pitter, Cynthia, Mickelle Emanuel-Frith, Granville Pitter y Deborah Adedire Udoudo. "Bridging the Gap: Supporting the Inclusion of More Fathers in Maternity Centers in Jamaica". International Journal of Childbirth 10, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 2020): 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/ijcbirth-d-20-00014.

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The 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) plan of action called for the equal participation of women and men in all areas of family and household responsibility, including family planning, child-rearing, and household chores. This plan of action admonished government to promote and facilitate such participation. The emerging trend to include fathers in maternal and child health services motivated low- to middle-income countries including Jamaica to sign on to global initiatives such as the ICPD and the Sustainability Development Goals for maternal and paternal involvement in the reduction of maternal mortality rates. However, lack of proper infrastructure in the public health system in countries like Jamaica does not sufficiently accommodate fathers during antenatal, childbirth, and postnatal services, neither does it has far reaching programs targeting fathers. This oversight in maternity care is partially due to the lack of guidelines to lead the process, limited space at clinics, and inadequate privacy on some delivery suites.Addressing the gaps to involve more fathers in pregnancy and child-rearing is an unexplored opportunity or innovative strategy that could assist Jamaica in meeting its international obligations to reduce infant and maternal mortality rates. This could also lessen the burden of childbearing and child-rearing on women, while changing the narrative of the negative stereotypes of fatherhood to a positive one in Jamaica. Research has also shown that several undesirable situations are preventable if the pregnant woman gets social and psychological backing, not only from excellent maternal and child health care but also by a social system, particularly from the spouse of the pregnant woman (World Health Organization, 2007).
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Phillips, David. "International Geographical Union Commission on Health, Environment and Development". Health & Place 2, n.º 1 (marzo de 1996): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1353-8292(96)90015-5.

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Forsythe, Bill. "Mental & Social Diagnosis and the English Prison Commission 1914?1939". Social Policy & Administration 24, n.º 3 (diciembre de 1990): 237–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9515.1990.tb00342.x.

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Hymes, Dell. "Pidginization and Creolization of Languages: Their Social Contexts". International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2020, n.º 263 (28 de abril de 2020): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2020-2088.

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AbstractSociolinguistic debates around the definitions and significance of “pidgin” and “creole” languages were increasing in the 1960s and the SSRC’s Committee on Sociolinguistics played a role in cultivating these discussions. This 1968 report by Dell Hymes summarizes issues raised at a conference convened by the Council at the University of the West Indies, Jamaica, to better understand the historical development, the grammatical and lexical evolutions, and the social uses of pidgin and creole languages. Though he highlights how social science can better inform research on pidginization and creolization, Hymes identifies knowledge gaps, among them the nature of the relationship between these languages and national identity, and more broadly the lack of historical and social scientific knowledge of this topic.
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Waller, Lloyd y Aldrane Genius. "Barriers to transforming government in Jamaica". Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy 9, n.º 4 (19 de octubre de 2015): 480–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tg-12-2014-0067.

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Purpose – This study aims to highlight the barriers inhibiting the implementation of initiatives that seek to transform the efficiency, effectiveness and service delivery of government processes and systems through the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs, e-Government) in Jamaica. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology used for this study was “Qualitative Description”. Qualitative Description is guided by the Qualitative Descriptive Research Design and is epistemologically located within the Interpretivist Paradigm. The data collected for this study were based on the principle of judgmental sampling. In total, 23 experts working at various levels of e-Government implementation in Jamaica were interviewed for this study. Findings – It can be argued from the data analyzed that the factors which undermine the use of ICTs to improve government efficiency, effectiveness and public service delivery in Jamaica include: technical issues (ICT infrastructure, privacy and security), social issues (culture and the digital divide) and financial issues. Organizational issues such as top management support, resistance to change to electronic ways, lack of collaboration, lack of qualified personnel and training courses were not identified as barriers to e-Government in Jamaica. Research limitations/implications – The direct implications of the study are confined to the shores of Jamaica. Practical implications – This study provides government agencies in Jamaica with an opportunity to identify the practical gaps in e-Government implementation. At the global level, the study provides international development agencies that are currently funding, and those that have an interest in funding e-Government initiatives in Jamaica, with an understanding of the challenges to e-Government implementation in the country. Additionally, the study provides an opportunity for scholars doing cross-national qualitative study to compare and contrast the e-Government barriers identified in Jamaica with other countries and to further determine factors which may contribute to these similarities and differences and explore a possible holistic solution to these barriers. Social implications – The study draws attention to the problem of exclusion for those citizens affected by the digital divide, the problem of infrastructure and/or structural challenges such as poverty and are unable to access e-Government services. The study also highlights the problem of trust in the government by Jamaican citizens and the implication of this trust issue for e-Government implementation in the country. Originality/value – The study addresses the global scholarly and policy gap in the literature, as it relates to Caribbean experiences with barriers to e-Government implementation and, therefore, provides data for global comparative analysis. The study also contributes to global attempts to holistically understand the e-Government phenomenon by extending the current discourse to the Caribbean.
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34

Ajagunna, Ibrahim y Ann P. Crick. "Managing interactions in the tourism industry – a strategic tool for success". Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 6, n.º 2 (14 de abril de 2014): 179–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-12-2013-0051.

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Purpose – This conceptual paper aims to examine how the concept of host and guest interaction could help remedy the socio-economic impacts as created by tourism in Jamaica. The paper identifies that tourism development in Jamaica has created a range of negative social impacts, which include changes in attitude, aspirations and lifestyles of young people, who may come from poor backgrounds but are increasingly exposed to the consumerist lifestyles of wealthy visitors and the so-called role models in the society, “the Dons”. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative approach was employed as the focus for this study. The survey of residents, and tourists in Ocho Rios and Negril in Jamaica were primary sources of data for this paper. Findings – The tourism industry in Jamaica has seen a great diversification in recent years. The industry now ranges from conventional tourism (sun, sand, sea and sex) to cruise tourism, moderate community based tourism, heritage and cultural tourism, and more recently nature-tourism. However, social factors remain a deterrent. It is apparent that relying on the concept and principles of host and guest interaction presents a strategic option for success and if one is to understand the impact of tourism on the residents, the inter-action between the various elements in the system must be understood. Originality/value – The attitudes of Jamaicans are important in determining the level of host and guest interaction and the level of success in the industry. Attitude is the fulcrum from which quality service is delivered; as such, the people must be in tune with the industry at all levels in order to achieve a sustainable tourism industry.
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35

Feldman, David y Mark Gould. "Legalism and English Administrative Law: Comment on Sterett". Law & Social Inquiry 17, n.º 01 (1992): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.1992.tb00932.x.

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In a recent issue of this journal (Volume 15, Number 4, Fall 1990), Susan Sterett examined the role of the Law Commission in the development of English administrative law. She suggested that the Commission mimicked a “peak association” and adopted an “idiom of legalism” in order to justify its reform proposals. This comment disagrees with Sterett on three grounds. First, the role and constitutional position of the Commission is far more complex than Sterett suggests, and this affects the way in which the Commission works. Second, judges and academic lawyers were central to the reform of substantive principles of judicial review in the 1960s and 1970s, making it unnecessary for the Law Commission to act in this field. Finally, it is wrong to ignore the fact that much administrative law occurs outside the judicial review procedure.
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36

Ssenyonjo, Manisuli. "The Development of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights under the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights by the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights". International Human Rights Law Review 4, n.º 2 (13 de noviembre de 2015): 147–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22131035-00402002.

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During the last thirty years the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (African Commission) has decided several communications on economic, social and cultural (esc) rights protected under the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (African Charter). While the Commission was initially reluctant to develop the content of these rights, it has since 2001 been developing, at an expanding pace, the scope, content and nature of state obligations under African Charter to respect, protect and fulfil esc rights. This article seeks to provide a critical analysis of the burgeoning case law concerning the development of esc rights by the African Commission and the legal impact thus far it has had on the enjoyment of esc rights in Africa, encompassing rights of hitherto marginalised and excluded individuals and groups, a topic which is relatively given less attention in the existing literature. The article examines the legal bases and content of key communications decided by the African Commission. Conclusions are then drawn concerning the reasons for the development of esc rights obligations by the African Commission and areas of potential clarification and expansion are identified.
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37

Beuermann, Diether W. y Camilo J. Pecha. "The effects of weather shocks on early childhood development: Evidence from 25 years of tropical storms in Jamaica". Economics & Human Biology 37 (mayo de 2020): 100851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2020.100851.

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38

Behrman, Jere R. y Anil B. Deolalikar. "The Poor and the Social Sectors during a Period of Macroeconomic Adjustment: Empirical Evidence for Jamaica". World Bank Economic Review 5, n.º 2 (1991): 291–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wber/5.2.291.

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39

Bonzon, Alain. "Development of economic and social indicators for the management of Mediterranean fisheries". Marine and Freshwater Research 51, n.º 5 (2000): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf99088.

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The paper reviews recent attempts to select economic and social indicators for the management of fisheries under the aegis of the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. It outlines some general conditions for the selection and describes aspects of the reference framework specific to the Mediterranean, in a context of poorly defined management objectives. Some of the difficulties in adopting performance indicators at a sub-regional level, particularly in relation to determining the appropriate scale of fleet segmentation, are discussed. With a view to establishing a database on economic and social indicators for Mediterranean fisheries, the need to standardize statistical approaches is emphasized.
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40

Rukuižienė, Rasa. "Entrepreneurship development means in the context of the european social model". Management Theory and Studies for Rural Business and Infrastructure Development 38, n.º 2 (16 de junio de 2016): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/mts.2016.12.

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The article sets out the overview of the legal documents and reports of European Commission for clarifying the dimensions of entrepreneurship development. The research problem is determined by limiting factors of entrepreneurship development and changes, that lead to the changes of social capital structure. The research aim includes the rethink frame of the strategic entrepreneurial development indicators in the context of the European Social Model. The main scientific findings, by using content and descriptive analysis, are concentrated on entrepreneurship development indicators. Their attachment to different means of entrepreneurial activities are determined by generalisation of the research result, which reveal the activities by using criteria provided in OECD studies in five social welfare models. The entrepreneurship development is growing-up and creating foundation for social entrepreneurship.
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41

Schoburgh, Eris D. "Is a Self-help Orientation Sufficient Basis for Local [Economic] Development?" Journal of Human Values 23, n.º 3 (20 de julio de 2017): 151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971685817713287.

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Local government reform in Jamaica aims (i) to refocus local authorities to providing leadership and a coordinating framework for the collective efforts of the people towards local development and (ii) to assess local service distribution modalities between central and local governments, the private sector and CSOs for more cost-effective arrangements. The institutional context in which these objectives are to be pursued is characterized by a new local governance framework populated by ‘a federated system of development committees’. Development committees are expected to work in partnership with local authorities in pursuit of economic transformation of geographic spaces. Participatory development that development committees exemplify conjures up images of ownership of local [economic] development projects and an empowered citizenry that has the capacity to direct resources in their favour. Development committees represent a differentiated method of local economic governance. But the concern is: Are development committees fit for purpose? This is the fundamental question with which this research is concerned. A survey of parish development committees (PDCs) was conducted to determine the extent to which the organizations are giving effect to their mandate. The study is exploratory in design and relies on qualitative methodologies. The results of the study will be important for assisting the local governance reform process currently underway in Jamaica but should contribute to the discourse on the alternative approaches to managing development in developing countries.
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42

HOLZBERG, CAROL S. "Social stratification, cultural nationalism, and political economy in Jamaica: the myths of development and the anti-white bias". Canadian Review of Sociology/Revue canadienne de sociologie 14, n.º 4 (14 de julio de 2008): 368–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-618x.1977.tb00362.x.

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43

Hosokawa, Mizuhiko, Elisa Felicitas Arias, Richard Manchester, Philip Tuckey, Demetrios Matsakis, Shougang Zhang y Vladimir Zharov. "DIVISION A COMMISSION 31: TIME". Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, T29A (agosto de 2015): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921316000648.

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Time is an essential element of fundamental astronomy. In recent years there have been many time-related issues, in scientific and technological aspects as well as in conventions and definitions. At the Commission 31 (Time) business meeting at the XXIX General Assembly, recent progress and many topics, including Pulsar Time Scales WG and Future UTC WG activities, were reviewed and discussed. In this report, we will review the progress of these topics in the past three years. There are many remarkable topics, such as Time scales, Atomic clock development, Time transfer, Future UTC and future redefinition of the second. Among them, scientific highlights are the progress of pulsar time scales and the optical frequency standards. On the other hand, as the social convention, change in the definition of UTC and the second is important.
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44

Sidorov, V. N. y E. V. Sidorova. "UNITED NATIONS ACTION IN THE FIELD OF TRADE FACILITATION". Courier of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)), n.º 12 (14 de marzo de 2021): 95–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2020.76.12.095-110.

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Trade is defined as one of the key enabler of implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals Agenda 2030. Trade facilitation is important trend of trade in sustainable development, as expected will promote of growth acceleration and international trade and also will enhance economic, ecological and social aspects of sustainable development. In article is offered to consider the main activities of the United Nations in the trade facilitation. In the article it is offered to consider the main activities of the UN in the sphere simplification of procedures of trade The article considers the work of the United Nations in the of trade facilitation field, in particular the work of the United Nations, sustainable development, trade facilitation, International law, United Nations Commission on International Trade law, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, United Nations Industrial Development Organization, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, United Nations Network of Experts for Paperless Trade in Asia and the Pacific.
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45

Hickling, Frederick W. "Owning our madness: Contributions of Jamaican psychiatry to decolonizing Global Mental Health". Transcultural Psychiatry 57, n.º 1 (18 de diciembre de 2019): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461519893142.

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The contentious debate on evidence-based Global Mental Health care is challenged by the primary mental health program of Jamaica. Political independence in 1962 ushered in the postcolonial Jamaican Government and the deinstitutionalization of the country’s only mental hospital along with a plethora of mental health public policy innovations. The training locally of mental health professionals catalyzed institutional change. The mental health challenge for descendants of African people enslaved in Jamaica is to reverse the psychological impact of 500 years of European racism and colonial oppression and create a blueprint for the decolonization of GMH. The core innovations were the gradual downsizing and dismantling of the colonial mental hospital and the establishment of a novel community mental health initiative. The successful management of acute psychosis in open medical wards of general hospitals and a Diversion at the Point of Arrest Programme (DAPA) resulted in the reduction of stigma and the assimilation of mental health care into medicine in Jamaica. Successful decentralization has led to unmasking underlying social psychopathology and the subsequent development of primary prevention therapeutic programs based on psychohistoriographic cultural therapy and the Dream-A-World Cultural Therapy interventions. The Jamaican experience suggests that diversity in GMH must be approached not simply as a demographic fact but with postcolonial strategies that counter the historical legacy of structural violence.
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46

Dijk, Frank Jan. "Sociological means : colonial reactions to the radicalization of Rastafari in Jamaica, 1956-1959". New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 69, n.º 1-2 (1 de enero de 1995): 67–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002645.

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Study of the formative stage in the development of the Rastafarian movement. It was a time of rapid radicalization and heightened expectations of an imminent return to Africa. It ended, after a series of violent incidents, with an abortive repatriation effort in 1959. Focuses on the ways the colonial government reacted to Rastafari and the social unrest it created.
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47

Brennan, Lance, John McDonald y Ralph Shlomowitz. "The geographic and social origins of Indian indentured labourers in Mauritius, Natal, Fiji, Guyana and Jamaica". South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies 21, sup001 (enero de 1998): 39–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00856409808723350.

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48

Jenkins, Rachel. "Global mental health and sustainable development 2018". BJPsych International 16, n.º 02 (12 de abril de 2019): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bji.2019.5.

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The Lancet Commission summarises some of the history of mental health concepts, recent developments in scientific understanding, mental health programmes and threats to progress, and proposes a way forward. Although ostensibly aiming to reframe global mental health within the paradigm of sustainable development, in practice it has taken a narrower academic perspective rather than a generic approach to health and social sector reform, leading to much less of an integrated implementation focus than would have been useful.
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49

Armoo, A. Kobina, Lanna-Gaye Franklyn-Green y Atneil J. Braham. "The fourth industrial revolution: a game-changer for the tourism and maritime industries". Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 12, n.º 1 (24 de enero de 2020): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-10-2019-0063.

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Purpose This paper aims to examine the floating dry dock and 3D printing technologies in relation to the ways in which they have the potential to complement each other. This relates to how the tourism and maritime industries in Jamaica could become more robust and competitive. Design/methodology/approach This study used a qualitative approach through the application of personal interviews and data from secondary sources. Findings Although Jamaica is positioning itself to become one of the leading maritime and logistics centres in the world, the government has not fully taken advantage of the fourth industrial revolution and its enabling factors. The integration of the floating dry dock with 3D printing technology has the ability to advance Jamaica from its current position to become a more economically viable country. Research limitations/implications Time was a limitation for the researchers in conducting this study. As a result, a more robust field study is needed to fully understand the impact of the fourth industrial revolution technologies on the maritime and tourism industries. Practical implications An investment in a floating dry dock and 3D printing technology will spur job creation. The researchers expect improved economic activity in Jamaica resulting from many businesses being created and/or improved. Social implications The quality of life is expected to increase because of the greater economic yields the country will receive from such investments. Originality/value This paper explored the combination of the floating dry dock and 3D printing technologies and their impact on the tourism and maritime industries in relation to increasing service value and economic yields.
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50

Meenaghan, Amy, Claire Nee, Jean-Louis Van Gelder, Zarah Vernham y Marco Otte. "Expertise, Emotion and Specialization in the Development of Persistent Burglary". British Journal of Criminology 60, n.º 3 (21 de febrero de 2020): 742–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azz078.

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Abstract This article describes a qualitative analysis of interviews conducted among 70 experienced residential burglars regarding the reasons for getting involved in and maintaining criminal behaviour. Themes emerging reflected an interaction between skill-development and affect, which played a key role in the initiation and continuation of burglary-related behaviour. Early participation in burglary seemed to be strongly influenced by the desire for excitement. Over time this diminished and was replaced by habitual engagement in burglary. With respect to the actual commission of offences, automatic decision-making appeared to be characteristic of the entire decision-chain, from initial thoughts to the commission of the burglary. Implications of the interaction between affect, cognition and expertise on diversification, specialization and desistance from crime are discussed.
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