Libros: "Jus commune"

1

Society, Stair, ed. Scotland under Jus commune: Census of manuscripts of legal literature in Scotland, mainly between 1500 and 1660. Edinburgh: The Stair Society, 2010.

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2

Mahiques, Carlos A. La noción jurídica de tortura y de penas y tratamientos crueles, inhumanos o degradantes, en el derecho penal internacional, un nuevo jus commune. Buenos Aires: EDUCA, Editorial de la Universidad Católica Argentina, 2003.

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3

Haryana (India). Economic and Statistical Organisation., ed. Evaluation study of command area development programme in Jui Canal command area. [Chandigarh]: Issued by Economic and Statistical Organisation, Planning Dept., Haryana, 1986.

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4

Frances, Hesselbein, Shinseki Eric K, Xiang Ni, United States Army y Leader to Leader Institute, eds. Meiguo lu jun ling dao li shou ce: Be, know, do : leadership the Army way. Beijing: Zhongguo she hui ke xue chu ban she, 2004.

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5

Rockwood, Lawrence. Walking away from Nuremberg: Just war and the doctrine of command responsibility. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press, 2007.

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6

Mills, Allen George. Fool for Christ: The political thought of J.S. Woodsworth. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1990.

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7

Swaine, Michael D. The military & political succession in China: Leadership, institutions, beliefs. Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 1992.

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8

Alberts, David S. Xin xi shi dai jun shi bian ge yu zhi hui kong zhi =: Military transformation, command and control in the information age. Beijing: Dian zi gong ye chu ban she, 2005.

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9

Abrashoff. Zhei shi ni de chuan: Lai zi mei guo hai jun de yang guang guan li fa. Beijing: Ji xie gong ye chu ban she, 2004.

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10

Army War College (U.S.). Strategic Studies Institute y Army War College (U.S.). Press, eds. Assessing the People's Liberation Army in the Hu Jintao era. Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute and U.S. Army War College Press, 2014.

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11

Roberts, Benjamin. Sex, Drugs and Rock 'n' Roll in the Dutch Golden Age. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462983021.

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Binge drinking and illicit sex were just as common in the Dutch Golden Age as they are today, if not more so. Sex, Drugs and Rock 'n' Roll in the Dutch Golden Age is a compelling narrative about the generation of young men that came of age in the Dutch Republic during the economic boom of the early seventeenth century. Contrary to their parents' wishes, the younger generation grew up in luxury and wore extravagant clothing, grew their hair long, and squandered their time drinking and smoking. They created a new youth culture with many excesses; one that we today associate with the counterculture generation of the 1960s. With his engaging storytelling style and humorous anecdotes, Roberts convincingly reveals that deviant male youth behavior is common to all times, especially periods when youngsters have too much money and too much free time on their hands.

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12

Regis Magni Legum Reformatoris Leges Gula-Thingenses, Sive Jus Commune Norvegicum: Ex Manuscriptis Legati Arna-Magnaeani, Cum Interpretatione Latina et Danica, Variis Lectionibus, Indice Verborum, et Iv Tablis Aeneis... Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2022.

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13

Li, Jun. Jun shi ling dao ke xue gai lun (Jun shi li lun du wu). Xin hua shu dian Beijing fa xing suo fa xing, 1988.

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14

Wang, Taishun. Cong yan zhi jun gu shi xuan. Xin hua shu dian Beijing fa xing suo fa xing, 1987.

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15

He ping: Kao wen jun shi ling dao. Beijing: Chang zheng chu ban she, 2016.

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16

Kurtzberg, Terri R. y Mason Ameri. The 10-Second Commute. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216184973.

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Virtual work, which was steadily on the rise even before the pandemic, is explored in this timely book that describes the impact of technology on our work experiences, ranging from the individual psychological level to the broad societal implications. Widespread remote work is now possible, but it comes with its share of frustrations. Virtual work has changed our lives in ways big and small, from trying to balance our time to what we wear and where we sit and from how we communicate to where we should look during a videoconference. It's also fundamentally changed what kinds of jobs we can now do. Grounded in research and including lively personal anecdotes, The 10-Second Commute provides a thoughtful and comprehensive scan of the nature of virtual work. The authors, both researchers in management and technology, explore the current questions of our virtual lives, such as: Why Zoom instead of Skype? Why are emojis so useful? Why is videoconferencing so exhausting? How does diversity at work both help and hinder productivity? Virtual work is more than just work–it permeates our whole lives, and it will continue to do so as hybrid work arrangements become the new normal. Helping readers better understand the virtual work experience, this book will engage and inform everyone who is still trying to make it work.

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17

Liu, Tinghua. Jiang shuai di yin mi shi jie: Jun shi shou nao ren wu mian mian guan. Xin hua shu dian Beijing fa xing suo fa xing, 1992.

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18

Kim, Marie Seong-Hak. Custom, Law, and Monarchy. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192845498.001.0001.

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Ancien régime France did not have a unified law. Legal relations of the people were governed by a disorganized amalgam of norms, including provincial and local customs (coutumes), elements of Roman law and canon law that together formed jus commune, royal edicts and ordinances, and judicial decisions, all coexisting with little apparent internal coherence. The multiplicity of laws and the fragmentation of jurisdiction were the defining features of the monarchical era. A key subject in European legal history is the metamorphosis of popular customs into customary law, which covered a broad spectrum of what we call today private law. This book sets forth the evolution of law in late medieval and early modern France, from the thirteenth through the end of the eighteenth century, with particular emphasis on the royal campaigns to record and reform customs in the sixteenth century. The codification of customs in the name of the king solidified the legislative authority of the crown, the essential element of the absolute monarchy. Achievements of French legal humanism brought French custom and Roman law together to lay the foundation for the French law. The Civil Code of 1804 was the culmination of these centuries of work. Juristic, political, and constitutional approaches to the early modern state allow an understanding of French history in a continuum.

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19

Zhi nang zhi shou: Wai jun zhu ming can mou zhang. Xin hua shu dian Beijing fa xing suo jing xiao, 1999.

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20

Ping fan ren de jue miao ji hui: Common sense & timing. [Taibei Xian Xindian Shi: Fang zhi chu ban gong si, 1993.

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21

Dalla civitas maxima al totus orbis: Diritto comune europeo e ordo iuris globale tra età moderna e contemporanea. Soveria Mannelli (Catanzaro): Rubbettino, 2007.

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22

Whitson, William W. Chinese High Command: A History of Communist Military Politics, 1927 71. Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.

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23

Wang, An. Xin shi qi dai bing qian shuo. Hai jun chu ban she, 1988.

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24

Shi ba da jun wei xi wei zheng duo zhan. Richmond Hill, ON, Canada: Han he chu ban she, 2012.

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25

Wang An jiang jun jiang ke gao xuan. Beijing: Chang zheng chu ban she, 2004.

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26

Jus gentium, or, Englands birth-right: Being a compendious vindication of the lavv of England in its native and English dress, which is humbly conceiv'd (by thousands of as loyal subjects to their king and as real lovers of their countrey, as those of a contrary and more selfish opinion) to be more fit and proper for the kingdom, then that linsey-woolsey garb, and corrupt mixture of barbarous Lattine and French. London: Printed by P.L. ..., 1985.

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27

Survival through adaptation-- the Chinese Red Army and the extermination campaigns, 1927-1936: A thesis presented to the Faculty of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. Fort Leavenworth, KS: Combat Studies Institute, 2012.

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28

Augusto, Antônio y Cançado Trindade. The Construction of a Humanized International Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190923846.003.0033.

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The new jus gentium of our times is centred on the human person, and has much advanced on humanist grounds. The general principles of law form the substratum of the legal order itself. Of great significance is the direct access of individuals to international justice nowadays. The recent cycle of UN World Conferences has, as a common denominator, the particular attention to the conditions of life and needs of protection of human beings. There has been a reassuring gradual expansion of the material content of jus cogens. International jurisprudence has evolved in pursuance of humanist thinking, in the line of jusnaturalism.

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29

Roy, Kaushik. Indian Army and the First World War. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199485659.001.0001.

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Accustomed to conducting low-intensity warfare before 1914, the Indian Army learnt to engage in high-intensity conventional warfare during the course of World War I, thereby exhibiting a steep learning curve. Being the bulwark of the British Empire in South Asia, the ‘brown warriors’ of the Raj functioned as an imperial fire brigade during the war. Studying the Indian Army as an institution during the war, Kaushik Roy delineates its social, cultural, and organizational aspects to understand its role in the scheme of British imperial projects. Focusing not just on ‘history from above’ but also ‘history from below’, Roy analyses the experiences of common soldiers and not just those of the high command. Moreover, since society, along with the army, was mobilized to provide military and non-military support, this volume sheds light on the repercussions of this mass mobilization on the structure of British rule in South Asia. Using rare archival materials, published autobiographies, and diaries, Roy’s work offers a holistic analysis of the military performance of the Indian Army in major theatres during the war.

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30

Kamphausen, Roy, David Lai y Travis Tanner. Assessing the People's Liberation Army in the Hu Jintao Era. Lulu Press, Inc., 2014.

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31

Kamphausen, Roy, David Lai, Travis Tanner y Strategic Studies Institute. Assessing the People's Liberation Army in the Hu Jintao Era. Independently published, 2014.

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32

Porpora, Douglas V. The Contribution of Sociology to Catholic Social Thought and the Common Good. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190670054.003.0005.

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Although “the common good” is not a term of art in sociology, sociologists are concerned to contribute to greater human flourishing. Thus, concerted sociological attention to social problems, or common “bads,” suggests an implicit sociological understanding of the common good. Beyond the admonition for all people to think critically, sociology enables us in a special way to understand how we sin not just individually but also socially and collectively through our social relations. It is toward a better understanding of such oppressive and unjust social relations and how to overcome them that sociology contributes to the common good. Such insights can provide assistance to Catholic social thought in its own understanding of the common good.

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33

Brown, Chris. Revisionist Just War Theory and the Impossibility of a Moral Victory. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801825.003.0006.

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Recently, the militarization of the police has received much comment while less attention has been given to the application of civilian legal and moral standards to soldiers in combat zones. This shift is partly the product of ‘revisionist’ just war theorists, who understand war in terms of individual responsibility, challenging conventional views on the rights of states to defend themselves and replacing the Law of Armed Conflict with International Human Rights Law. This is a retrograde step; it loses contact with realities of warfare and validates the critique of just war thinking as encouraging a Manichean worldview. Classical just war thinking is about discrimination, avoiding the absolutism of both pacifism and an amoral realpolitik; revisionist just war theory is effectively pacifist insofar as no actual war could be fought that would satisfy its conditions. Discrimination disappears, and with it the possibility of a moral or any other kind of victory.

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34

Brachman, Ronald J. y Hector J. Levesque. Machines like Us. The MIT Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/14299.001.0001.

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How we can create artificial intelligence with broad, robust common sense rather than narrow, specialized expertise. It's sometime in the not-so-distant future, and you send your fully autonomous self-driving car to the store to pick up your grocery order. The car is endowed with as much capability as an artificial intelligence agent can have, programmed to drive better than you do. But when the car encounters a traffic light stuck on red, it just sits there—indefinitely. Its obstacle-avoidance, lane-following, and route-calculation capacities are all irrelevant; it fails to act because it lacks the common sense of a human driver, who would quickly figure out what's happening and find a workaround. In Machines like Us, Ron Brachman and Hector Levesque—both leading experts in AI—consider what it would take to create machines with common sense rather than just the specialized expertise of today's AI systems. Using the stuck traffic light and other relatable examples, Brachman and Levesque offer an accessible account of how common sense might be built into a machine. They analyze common sense in humans, explain how AI over the years has focused mainly on expertise, and suggest ways to endow an AI system with both common sense and effective reasoning. Finally, they consider the critical issue of how we can trust an autonomous machine to make decisions, identifying two fundamental requirements for trustworthy autonomous AI systems: having reasons for doing what they do, and being able to accept advice. Both in the end are dependent on having common sense.

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35

Hoffman, Michael. Faith in Numbers. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197538012.001.0001.

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Why does religion sometimes promote democracy and sometimes do just the opposite? Theology alone cannot explain the wide variety of influences religion has on democratic attitudes and behaviours. This book presents a theory of religion, group interest, and democracy. Focusing on communal religion, it demonstrates that the effect of communal prayer on support for democracy depends on the interests of the religious group in question. For members of groups who would benefit from democracy, communal prayer increases support for democratic institutions; for citizens whose groups would lose privileges in the event of democratic reforms, the opposite effect is present. Evidence from Lebanon, Iraq, and elsewhere supports these claims. Communal religion increases the salience of sectarian identity, and therefore pushes respondents' regime attitudes into closer alignment with the interests of their sect.

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36

Stilz, Anna. Territorial Rights and National Defence. Editado por Seth Lazar y Helen Frowe. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199943418.013.6.

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Both just war theory and international law recognize the defence of one’s own state and its territory as the core example of just cause for war. Yet just war theorists have done little to explore what might give the state a territorial right of this kind. This chapter argues that a state has a right to territorial integrity when it meets three conditions: (1) its citizens have a right to occupy its territory, (2) its scheme of law is minimally just, and (3) the relationship of political cooperation that supports its institutions is reasonably and widely affirmed. This chapter then considers whether a state that satisfies these conditions may defend its territorial integrity with lethal force. This account does not support the common-sense conviction that defending one’s state against aggression is always morally permitted or even required. But it can establish a defensive privilege in a central range of cases.

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37

Wierzbicki, James. Opera. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040078.003.0007.

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This chapter analyzes the two most celebrated American composers of “serious” music, Aaron Copland and Leonard Bernstein, whose music today is still most regularly programmed not just in the United States but around the world. Not widely known during the homophobic Fifties is the now well-documented fact that Copland and Bernstein were closeted gays. Much publicized at the time, on the other hand, was the non-secret that Copland and Bernstein, along with numerous less-stellar composers, held decidedly left-leaning political views. Likely not just by coincidence, then, both Copland and Bernstein in the mid-1950s produced operas that, in a general way, critically comment on anticommunist red-baiting and the Cold War culture of fear. These operas are Copland's 1954 The Tender Land and Bernstein's 1956 Candide.

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38

Stanghellini, Giovanni. Empathy and beyond. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198792062.003.0034.

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This chapter discusses previous characterizations of empathy. It argues that understanding severe aberrations of experience requires a kind of training that goes beyond a conception of spontaneous empathic skills, and at the same time avoids the pitfalls of empathy based on the clinician’s personal experiences and common-sense categories. To achieve this kind of second-order empathy I need to acknowledge the autonomy of the other person, and consequently that the life-world of the other person is not like my own. The supposition that the other lives in a world just like my own—i.e. he experiences time, space, his own body, others, the materiality of objects, etc., just as I do—is often the source of serious misunderstandings.

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39

Dumler-Winckler, Emily. Modern Virtue. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197632093.001.0001.

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Abstract Mary Wollstonecraft revolutionized ancient traditions of the virtues in modern and Christian modes for feminist and abolitionist aims. Formed by religious traditions of dissent, Wollstonecraft radically altered the garments of the eighteenth-century religious, ethical, political, and aesthetic imagination. She sought to discard sexed virtues, to shed corsets that restrict women’s roles and rights, to expose and break chains of domination, to exchange the vicious finery of the rich for virtue in rags, and to design garb fit for a society in which all participate in defining and cultivating common goods. The virtues and debate about them remain indispensable to modern Christian traditions and democratic societies. When wed, virtues and contestation are among the goods shared in common. Canonical in women and gender studies, feminist philosophy, political science, literary studies, and history, Wollstonecraft is mostly unknown or ignored in contemporary virtue ethics, theology, and religious studies. Modern Virtue seeks to transform prominent narratives in each. Wollstonecraft scholars debate whether theology is ornamental or foundational for her radical arguments. Her use of the wardrobe metaphor provides a fitting alternative. Modern Virtue also challenges influential and competing narratives about the virtues in modernity. These stories render modern virtue a contradiction in terms, common goods obsolete. Modern accounts of the virtues must address this twofold conundrum: systems of domination thwart virtue and mask vice, and the virtues are integral to just sociopolitical transformation. Wollstonecraft’s account does just this.

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40

Rhodes, Neil. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198704102.003.0008.

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The conclusion uses the contrast between the English verse anthology Belvedere, published by John Bodenham in 1600, and Erasmus’ proverb collection of 1499 to suggest how literary culture in England evolves in the course of the sixteenth century: the role of literary arbiter is transferred from an international scholar of formidable learning to an upwardly mobile grocer with a taste for poetry, and the resources of literature have been transferred from Latin, the common language of Europe, to common English. This concluding chapter reprises the themes and argument of the book and ends with the observation that by 1600 the commonalty was not just the labouring class, but also constituted a readership and an audience.

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41

Tomuschat, Christian. State Responsibility and the Individual Right to Compensation Before National Courts. Editado por Andrew Clapham y Paola Gaeta. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199559695.003.0031.

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Normally, states parties to an armed conflict settle the financial consequences of that conflict in the traditional way, if ever they reach agreement, by concluding comprehensive treaties that embrace also all the claims that their nationals may have acquired on account of the conflict. The most common form of reparation consists of lump sum payments that do not differentiate between the different groups of victims. Remedies for individuals are not available within the framework of international humanitarian law (IHL) at the international level. This chapter explores state responsibility and the individual right to compensation before national courts, in particular violations of IHL. It looks at compensation claims before the courts of the alleged wrongdoing state, as well as those claims outside the alleged wrongdoing state. It considers national reparation programmes, tort claims arising from military operations during non-international armed conflict, tort claims arising from international armed conflict, the territorial clause,jus cogensversus jurisdictional immunity, implications for public policy, and universal jurisdiction for reparation claims.

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42

March, James G. Decision Processes and Value Endogeneity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198825067.003.0004.

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Humans use reasons to shape and justify choices. In the process, trade-offs seem essential and often inevitable. But trade-offs involve comparisons, which are problematic both across values and especially over time. Reducing disparate values to a common metric (especially if that metric is money) is often problematic and unsatisfactory. Critically, it is not that values just shape choices, but that choices themselves shape values. This endogeneity of values makes an unconditional normative endorsement of modern decision-theoretic rationality unwise. This is a hard problem and there is no escaping the definition of good values, that is, those that make humans better. This removes the wall between economics and philosophy. If we are to adopt and enact this perspective, then greater discourse and debate on what matters and not just what counts will be useful and even indispensable.

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43

Dallmayr, Fred. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190670979.003.0009.

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These remarks reiterate the view articulated in the book that the rise of modern democracy signifies more than just the expansion of the number of rulers, but rather a basic “paradigm shift” involving multiple dimensions of life and thought (comprising political, metaphysical, and even theological dimensions). By comparison, the remarks stress a more holistic breakthrough: the emergence of a new spirituality coupled with the deepening of a lateral or horizontal humanism under the aegis of a relational democracy. The constitutive elements of democracy—whose relationship has to be continuously renegotiated—are mainly three: the people as a whole (potentia), the political rulers or agents (potestas), and the goal or basic orientation of the community (telos, bonum commune). In our time, democratic rule has to be promoted not only domestically, but globally (without violence) to avoid the autocratic domination of some societies or people by others.

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44

Sebag-Montefiore, David, Mark Harrison y Rob Glynne-Jones. Squamous carcinoma of the anus. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696567.003.0008.

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Squamous cell cancer (SCC) of the anus is a rare cancer whose incidence appears to be increasing. Anal cancers are more common in women than men ( 1 , 2 ) and just under half the patients are over the age of 65. An indolent natural history and a low rate of distant metastases ( 3 , 2 ) determine locoregional control as the primary aim of treatment. The relative 5-year survival rate is 62 % ( 4 ) , and has changed little for patients treated in the last two decades.

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45

Sykes, Nigel P. Constipation and diarrhoea. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656097.003.0203.

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Constipation is far more common in palliative care than diarrhoea and results not just from the use of opioids but also from the multifactorial effects of debility secondary to disease. Most palliative care patients will require regular administration of an oral laxative in a dose titrated against response, with the aim of avoiding the use of suppositories or enemas if possible as these are less liked. The lack of clear differences in laxative efficacy means that cost and patient choice are key factors in guiding treatment. Diarrhoea in palliative care most often results from excess laxative or from common infections that can be simply managed. Bowel shortening or diversion causes more resistant diarrhoea. Cytotoxic chemotherapy can lead to diarrhoea either as an adverse effect of treatment or from potentially life-threatening neutropenic colitis.

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46

Atkins, Jed W. The Christian Origins of Tolerance. Oxford University PressOxford, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780198909590.001.0001.

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Abstract A quintessential liberal value, tolerance, according to a common liberal narrative, addresses the problem of monotheistic religious violence by protecting the individual freedoms of religion and conscience through the separation of church and state and side-lining judgments about the common good. Setting aside this liberal narrative, my book recovers tolerance’s origins in a North African Christian tradition that derives accounts of political judgment and patience within pluralistic communities from theological reflection on God’s roles as a patient father and just judge. By recovering this forgotten tradition, we can better understand and assess the choices made by leading theorists of liberal tolerance and, as a result, think better about how to achieve peaceful coexistence in a world in which many members of the world’s two largest religions, Christianity and Islam, are skeptical of liberalism.

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47

Broyde, Michael J. Refining Religious Arbitration in the United States and AbroadThe Jewish Experience. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190640286.003.0008.

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The general framework established by American arbitration law creates various basic requirements for arbitration agreements to be recognized and arbitral awards to be enforced by courts. Even if faith-based arbitrators have observed all the formal legal requirements, they must still convince state courts and judges that their religious dispute resolution processes are genuinely fair, effective, and worth upholding as an alternative form of just adjudication. This chapter uses the Jewish-American arbitration experience to identify six measures that religious arbitration organizations can and should take in order to ensure an effective, legally viable, and judicially enforceable arbitration process, namely publication of formal, sophisticated rules of procedure; development of an internal appellate process; respect for both religious and secular legal norms; acknowledgment of commercial customs and general equity; reliance on arbitrators with broad dual-system expertise; assumption of an active role in internal communal governance, and external communal representation.

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48

Kudlick, Catherine. Social History of Medicine and Disability History. Editado por Michael Rembis, Catherine Kudlick y Kim E. Nielsen. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190234959.013.1.

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Disability history and social history of medicine are two subfields that share many common topics and sources but that approach them very differently. For medical historians, disability takes center stage as a problem that requires fixing, and the “victims” are primarily patients. For disability historians, disability suggests not just the person or practitioner, but also a unique understanding of all the elements, including politics, economics, and culture, that shape relationships for the disabled. Following a brief history of each subfield, two examples are presented—responses to epidemics and the idea of cure—to discuss how scholars can be in more productive conversation. As is demonstrated here, disability is not just a topic to be studied, but rather a tool of analysis. While the distinctive roots and purposes of the two subfields ensure that they will always be fundamentally incompatible, they can, and should, engage in productive conversation.

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49

Mundy, Anthony R. y Daniela E. Andrich. Upper urinary tract reconstruction. Editado por Anthony R. Mundy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659579.003.0048.

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This chapter addresses the problem of dealing with a ruptured, ligated or transected ureter, or a ureteric defect caused accidentally or intentionally by surgery. Ureteric strictures may occur as a result of tuberculosis or schistosomiasis. Tuberculous strictures may occur at either end of the ureter; schistosomal strictures occur primarily in the distal ureter. Ureteric stones are another cause of stricture formation and these tend to occur at the common sites of impaction of a stone; therefore, particularly just above the pelvic brim and just outside the bladder. It also develops the theme known as ‘bridging the gap’ and describes the techniques of ureteroureterostomy; the psoas hitch and Boari flap with ureteric reimplantation; transureteroureterostomy (TUU); and the ileal ureter; and briefly refers to renal autotransplantation. Finally, we introduce the concept of ‘complexity’ by reference to the problems of the patient with ureteric obstruction because of, or otherwise associated with radiotherapy.

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50

Flanagan, Owen. Identity and Addiction. Editado por K. W. M. Fulford, Martin Davies, Richard G. T. Gipps, George Graham, John Z. Sadler, Giovanni Stanghellini y Tim Thornton. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579563.013.0051.

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Chapter 51 focuses on the subjective side of alcoholism, specifically about what memoirs of alcoholism teach about alcoholism, and argue that a common theme in many memoirs is that drinking, sometimes heavy drinking, a prerequisite of addiction, was modelled, endorsed, and eventually achieved in a way that involves deep identification, and also argues that alcoholic memoirs, even assuming that they suffer from objectivity problems such as the latter, nonetheless serve an important function, and not just whatever cathartic function they serve for the author.

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