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Virtanen, Pirjo Kristiina, Eleonora A. Lundell y Marja-Liisa Honkasalo. "Introduction: Enquiries Into Contemporary Ritual Landscapes". Journal of Ethnology and Folkloristics 11, n.º 1 (27 de junio de 2017): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jef-2017-0002.
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Abstract ‘Landscape’ and ‘ritual’ have been largely discussed in the social and human sciences, although their inter-relatedness has gained little scholarly attention. Drawing on earlier studies of ritual and landscape, as well as the authors′ own ethnographic works, ‘ritual landscape’ is suggested here as a useful analytical tool with which to understand how landscapes are produced, and how they, in their turn, produce certain types of being. ‘Ritual landscape’ recognises different modalities of agency, power-relation, knowledge, emotion, and movement. The article shows how the subjectivity of other-than-human beings such as ancestors, earth formations, land, animals, plants and, in general, materiality of ritual contexts, shape landscapes. We argue that ways of perceiving landscape includes a number of material and immaterial aspects indicated by ways of moving through landscapes and interacting with different human and non-human subjects that come to inhabit the world, creating relations and producing agentive ensembles and complexes.
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Cockburn, Jessica, Eureta Rosenberg, Athina Copteros, Susanna Francina (Ancia) Cornelius, Notiswa Libala, Liz Metcalfe y Benjamin van der Waal. "A Relational Approach to Landscape Stewardship: Towards a New Perspective for Multi-Actor Collaboration". Land 9, n.º 7 (10 de julio de 2020): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9070224.
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Landscape stewardship is increasingly understood within the framing of complex social-ecological systems. To consider the implications of this, we focus on one of the key characteristics of complex social-ecological systems: they are relationally constituted, meaning that system characteristics emerge out of dynamic relations between system components. We focus on multi-actor collaboration as a key form of relationality in landscapes, seeking a more textured understanding of the social relations between landscape actors. We draw on a set of ‘gardening tools’ to analyse the boundary-crossing work of multi-actor collaboration. These tools comprise three key concepts: relational expertise, common knowledge, and relational agency. We apply the tools to two cases of landscape stewardship in South Africa: the Langkloof Region and the Tsitsa River catchment. These landscapes are characterised by economically, socio-culturally, and politically diverse groups of actors. Our analysis reveals that history and context strongly influence relational processes, that boundary-crossing work is indeed difficult, and that doing boundary-crossing work in smaller pockets within a landscape is helpful. The tools also helped to identify three key social-relational practices which lend a new perspective on boundary-crossing work: 1. belonging while differing, 2. growing together by interacting regularly and building common knowledge, and 3. learning and adapting together with humility and empathy.
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Riechers, Maraja, Ágnes Balázsi, Lydia Betz, Tolera S. Jiren y Joern Fischer. "The erosion of relational values resulting from landscape simplification". Landscape Ecology 35, n.º 11 (20 de abril de 2020): 2601–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-020-01012-w.
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Abstract Context The global trend of landscape simplification for industrial agriculture is known to cause losses in biodiversity and ecosystem service diversity. Despite these problems being widely known, status quo trajectories driven by global economic growth and changing diets continue to lead to further landscape simplification. Objectives In this perspective article, we argue that landscape simplification has negative consequences for a range of relational values, affecting the social-ecological relationships between people and nature, as well as the social relationships among people. A focus on relational values has been proposed to overcome the divide between intrinsic and instrumental values that people gain from nature. Results We use a landscape sustainability science framing to examine the interconnections between ecological and social changes taking place in rural landscapes. We propose that increasingly rapid and extreme landscape simplification erodes human-nature connectedness, social relations, and the sense of agency of inhabitants—potentially to the point of severe erosion of relational values in extreme cases. We illustrate these hypothesized changes through four case studies from across the globe. Leaving the links between ecological, social-ecological and social dimensions of landscape change unattended could exacerbate disconnection from nature. Conclusion A relational values perspective can shed new light on managing and restoring landscapes. Landscape sustainability science is ideally placed as an integrative space that can connect relevant insights from landscape ecology and work on relational values. We see local agency as a likely key ingredient to landscape sustainability that should be actively fostered in conservation and restoration projects.
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Kibasova, Galina Petrovna y Ol'ga Valentinovna Galkova. "Landscape in space and landscape space (Anglo-American historiography)". Философия и культура, n.º 11 (noviembre de 2020): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0757.2020.11.33506.
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The subject of this research is analysis of the problem of interaction between cultural landscape and space in the Anglo-American literature. Special attention is given to examination of concepts that interpret space as encompassing both, physical and symbolic components, which create the concepts of space as the network of relations. Particular interest of researchers towards determination of interconnection between the communities, their habitats and weakening of these interconnection in the process of globalization. Analyzing the problem of the “sense of place”, the author refers to the concept of design of space. Characteristics is given to different positions on the question of correlation of landscape and space. The authors highlight actively developing phenomenological approach towards studying cultural landscape. Since the metaphor of palimpsest is crucial in disclosure of the essence of landscape, consideration of space as a multilayered phenomenon that incorporates past and current functions, ideologies and physical contexts as an intertext, is demonstrated. The conclusion is made that one of the most promising trends is the understanding of landscape space as relational, when the landscape is viewed as a product of practice, trajectory and interconnection. Relational representations on the constantly changing world to a significant extent are formed by the actor-network theory, the “theory of becoming” or “new vitalism”, and hybrid geography. The actor-network theory is intended for overcoming the perceptions of world as comprised of discrete and limited objects, and suggest seeing the world comprised of networks. Each object or person can be interpreted as the cumulative result of network relations, and the sense of individuality and will is merely a relational effect.
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Lipský, Zdeněk y Dušan Romportl. "Landscape typology in Czechia and abroad: State of the art, methods and theoretical basis". Geografie 112, n.º 1 (2007): 61–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie2007112010061.
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The main goal of this paper is to introduce the importance of landscape typology in present times when many landscapes are exposed to dynamic human impacts such as land use changes, urbanization, intensive agriculture, forestry or industrialization. Different approaches to landscape typology in Czechia and other European countries as well as relations of landscape typology to landscape character assessment and the European Landscape Convention are discussed. A requirement of a new exact and applicable landscape typology is a great challenge for Czech geographers.
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Pennycook, Alastair y Emi Otsuji. "Making scents of the landscape". Linguistic Landscape. An international journal 1, n.º 3 (7 de diciembre de 2015): 191–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ll.1.3.01pen.
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Moving away from logocentric studies of the linguistic landscape, this paper explores the relations between linguascapes and smellscapes. Often regarded as the least important of our senses, smell is an important means by which we relate to place. Based on an olfactory ethnography of a multicultural suburb in Sydney, we show how the intersection of people, objects, activities and senses make up the spatial repertoire of a place. We thus take a broad view of the semiotic landscape, including more than the visual and the intentional, and suggest that we are interpellated by smells as part of a broader relation to space and place. Understanding the semiotics of the urban smellscape in associational terms, we therefore argue not merely that smell has generally been overlooked in semiotic landscapes, nor that this can be rectified by an expanded inventory of sensory signs, but rather that the interpellative and associational roles of smells invite us towards an alternative semiotics of time and place.
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Zajicek, Jayne M., Nowell J. Adams y Shelley A. McReynolds. "WATER RELATIONS OF SHRUB AND GROUNDCOVER LANDSCAPE COMMUNITIES". HortScience 27, n.º 6 (junio de 1992): 640f—640. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.640f.
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Landscape plantings have been designed traditionally using aesthetic criteria with minimal consideration given to water requirements. The primary objective of this research was to develop quantitative information on water use of plant communities conventionally used in urban landscapes. Pots of Photinia × Fraseri (photinia Fraseri), Lagerstroemia indica 'Carolina Beauty' (crape myrtle), or Ligustrum japonicum (wax leaf ligustrum) were transplanted from 3.8 l into 75.7 l pots with either Stenotaphrum secundatum 'Texas Common' (St. Augustinegrass), Cynodon dactylon × C. transvallensis 'Tiffway' (bermudagrass), Trachelospermum asiaticum (Asiatic jasmine), or left with bare soil. Whole community water use was measured gravimetrically. In addition, sap flow rates were recorded for shrub species with stem flow gauges. Sap flow measurements were correlated to whole community water use recorded during the same time intervals. Whole community water use differed due to the groundcover component; bermudagrass, Asiatic jasmine, and bare soil communities used less water than St. Augustinegrass communities. Differences were also noted in stomatal conductance and leaf water potential among the species.
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Sysuev, Vladislav V. "Geophysical analysis of landscape polystructures". GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 13, n.º 1 (1 de abril de 2020): 200–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2019-17.
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The objective identification of landscape cover units is very important for sustainable environmental management planning. The article proposes a method-algorithm for describing the formation of landscape structures, which is based on the classic landscape analysis and applies the parameters of geophysical fields. The main driving forces of all structure-forming processes are the gradients of gravitational and insolation fields, parameters of which were calculated using the digital elevation models and the GIS-technologies. A minimum number of principal parameters are selected for typological and functional classification of landscapes. The number and importance of parameters were identified basing on the results of numerical experiments. Landscape classifications elaborated on the basis of standard numerical methods take a fundamental geophysical value. In this case, a concept of polystructural landscape organization is logical: by selecting different structure-forming processes and physical parameters, different classifications of landscapes could be elaborated. The models of geosystem functioning are closely related to their structure through boundary conditions and relations between parameters. All models of processes and structures are verified by field experimental data obtained under diverse environmental conditions.
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Haglund, David G. y Frédéric Mérand. "Transatlantic Relations in the New Strategic Landscape". International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 66, n.º 1 (marzo de 2011): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002070201106600103.
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Pang, Augustine, Vivien H.E. Chiong y Nasrath Begam Binte Abul Hassan. "Media relations in an evolving media landscape". Journal of Communication Management 18, n.º 3 (29 de julio de 2014): 271–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcom-11-2012-0087.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test the viability of the media relations framework, Mediating the Media model (Pang, 2010), and ascertains its relevance to practitioners in a changing media landscape in Singapore where social media is emerging as an alternative source of information tool. Design/methodology/approach – In-depth interviews with 20 media relations practitioners who were former journalists. Practitioners with journalism experience were chosen as they perform better at media relations (Sallot and Johnson, 2006a; Sinaga and Callison, 2008). Findings – The model posits two sets of influences, i.e. internal (journalist mindset, journalist routines and newsroom routines) and external (extra-media forces and media ideology) in media relations. Internal influences were found to be more prevalent than external influences and journalist mindset was the most pervasive factor influencing media relations. Research limitations/implications – Findings are based solely on interviews and some claims cannot be corroborated. As this is a qualitative study situated in one country, it is also not generalizable. Practical implications – This study will serve useful insights for new practitioners to approach media relations in a holistic and systematic manner and for seasoned practitioners to re-evaluate their current media strategies. Originality/value – This inaugural test found rigor in the model, and affords an in-depth understanding of the dynamics of journalist-practitioner relationships in a changing media landscape. It also presents an intriguing opportunity for the model to be applied to countries where the media industry operates under vastly different environments so as to ensure that the model stands up to scrutiny as it seeks to be positioned as a viable model for media relations.
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Macpherson, Hannah. "Non-Representational Approaches to Body-Landscape Relations". Geography Compass 4, n.º 1 (enero de 2010): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8198.2009.00276.x.
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Cobaleda Cordero, Antonio, Maral Babapour y MariAnne Karlsson. "Feel well and do well at work". Journal of Corporate Real Estate 22, n.º 2 (3 de junio de 2019): 113–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcre-01-2019-0002.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate employee well-being in relation to office landscapes in a post-relocation context. The aims are to identify spatial attributes of the office landscape that influence employee well-being and underlying contextual factors that explain employee well-being post-relocation. Design/methodology/approach A mixed-method approach was adopted. The data collection involved 16 semi-structured interviews with employees, an interview with the leading architect of the office renovation, study of a dossier on the renovation project and observations. Findings Most of the informants experienced the new office landscape positively despite few shortcomings. Spatial attributes were identified that influenced the informants’ well-being positively in terms of affects, satisfaction, social relations and environmental mastery. Conversely, negative influences on well-being were also reported regarding affects, satisfaction and environmental mastery. Conflicting views on some of the spatial attributes and contextual factors related to the planning process and the former office landscape were identified. Originality/value The value of this paper lies in investigating the office landscape at the spatial attributes level, despite office type, and their influence on hedonic and eudaimonic components of employee well-being. The research approach adopted proved its usefulness for in-depth studies of the interrelations between office landscapes and employee well-being.
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Flekalová, Markéta y Lenka Kulišťáková. "Landscape of Franz Anton von Sporck in Roztěž Surroundings". Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 62, n.º 3 (2014): 451–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201462030451.
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The paper presents the cultural landscape surrounding Roztěž near Kutná Hora. The existence of a designed landscape linked to the person of Franz Anton von Sporck was presumed in the area between the chateau of Roztěž and chapel of St. John Baptist on the Vysoká hill built in 1695–1697. Compared to other landscape designs of Sporck this project is almost unknown, but the name of the landlord offers a clue. This is the reason why this area was selected for testing the Methodology for Identification of Designed Landscapes created at the Department of Landscape Planning of FH MENDELU in 2012. The assessment confirmed the basic compositional relation (Roztěž chateau – chapel of St. John Baptist) and detected conditions of larger spatial relations linked to the chateau. The special part of surveys and analyses used GIS tools that allow for testing the visual links between individual features of the composition and spaces, and to formulate a hypothesis about the actual form of the composition in the landscape. The core of the composition was the chateau of Roztěž, but it was not limited only to the link with the chapel but included the surrounding settlements as well (Malešov, Nová Lhota), and also the extensive pheasantry.
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Macpherson, Hannah. "The Intercorporeal Emergence of Landscape: Negotiating Sight, Blindness, and Ideas of Landscape in the British Countryside". Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 41, n.º 5 (mayo de 2009): 1042–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a40365.
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In this paper I explore some of the ways in which people with visual impairments see landscape and participate in visual cultures of landscape apprehension. I draw on ethnographic and interview material, developed while acting as a sighted guide for specialist blind and visually impaired walking groups who visit the landscapes of the Lake District and Peak District in Britain. Through this research material I show how landscape is likely to become present for people with blindness or visual impairment through both their individual capacities for sight and a complex mix of discursive, material, social, and historical relations. Specifically, I argue that there is an intercorporeal, collective dimension to this emergence of landscape and this intercorporeality is evident at both a perceptual and a discursive level. I suggest that future research needs to attend further to how landscape emerges and becomes present through intercorporeal processes.
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Halstead, Narmala. "A Landscape of Respect Relations: Television, Status, Houses". Home Cultures 6, n.º 1 (marzo de 2009): 19–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2752/174063109x380035.
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Bhargava, Suchitra y Josraj Arakkal. "Regional Public Relations: A New Frontier of Growth in India’s Public Relations Landscape". Revista Gestão Inovação e Tecnologias 11, n.º 4 (16 de septiembre de 2021): 5340–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/revistageintec.v11i4.2565.
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India - a land of vast cultural & linguistic diversity, where ‘word of mouth’ plays a crucial role in building brands. Public Relations have strongly emerged as an indispensable function for protecting and enhancing reputation. With 70% population of the nation living within the rural or semi-urban geographies, and nearly 34% of the same, annually migrating to urban cities in search of a better livelihood and employment, the role of regional Public Relations becomes more intrinsic to "Integrated Communications and Marketing strategies” for brands. The research paper attempts to understand the following: a) Evolution of consumer consumption and engagement through the lens of regional Public Relations in India. b) Introduction of the concept of G-LO-RI: Global – Local-Regional. c) Challenges faced by professionals/ agencies. The research aims to emphasize the need and importance of regional Public Relations. With the help of in-depth interviews and secondary data, the research will deduce the opportunities and scope to grow in this unorganized and untapped regional territories pan India. The research paper has considered variables - demographic factors, purchasing power, access and dissemination of information and news, effects of social channels and influencers, regional content consumption patterns, and urbanization. The qualitative study of these factors aims to share an outlook and future of regional Public Relations in India. As per existing information available at the time of drafting this research paper, there was no such material or reporting evidence in the context of the role and relevance of regional Public Relations in India. This research paper aims to highlight the current ecosystem, gaps, and key findings and showcase the importance, growth, and challenges of regional Public Relations in India. Interpretations/Implications: This study found that the Regional Public Relations industry has grown multi-folds in the past two decades. There have been many contributing factors instrumental towards this growth size, scale, and reach. This study included a mix of national public relations agency professionals and regional Public Relations agency owners/founders. They shared their journey and explained the concept, growth and evolution, agency revenue model, team size, opportunities, and challenges on the whole. The level of growth is varied region-wise, while Western, Northern, and Southern regions are hot spots of growth of regional Public Relations business, Eastern and North-East region remain a potential growth market. It was also observed that the affiliate model or the associate model of business is prevalent in the industry. The upcoming trends and practices were also discussed with the participants. The agencies have relied heavily on traditional media for a long time, but there is a gradual shift towards creating more digital content, which is data-driven. In due course of the study, it was evident that industry spending differed from one region to another. FMCG, followed by Automobile and Telecom, were the front runners in spends on regional Public Relations, Government and Education sectors have also caught up. The variation is observed due to the general demand and supply rule and socio-cultural factors, including language, customs, lifestyles & values, playing a crucial role. The researcher also came across some looming challenges that the industry currently faces, and recommendations have also been shared at the end of this paper.
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House, Freeman. "Restoring Relations". Ecological Restoration 14, n.º 1 (1996): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/er.14.1.57.
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Klich, Magdalena y Konrad Thürmer. "The Minimum Required Landscape Discharge". E3S Web of Conferences 171 (2020): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017101004.
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Due to challenges of ecological restoration of post-mining areas to pre-operational conditions in aspect of water quality and quantity, development and assessment of ecological based minimal landscape discharge is necessary. In order to determine it, the basic nature and human factors and their relations within a catchment area had to be described and the essential parameters defined. The hydro ecological relations in the landscape are described by means of the numerous measurement methods and interpretation algorithms. The further aim was these procedures and the interpretation thresholds concerning the Minimum Required Landscape Discharge to recognize and optimally adapt for application.
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Vermunt, Dorith A., Pita A. Verweij y René W. Verburg. "What Hampers Implementation of Integrated Landscape Approaches in Rural Landscapes?" Current Landscape Ecology Reports 5, n.º 4 (10 de junio de 2020): 99–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40823-020-00057-6.
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Abstract Purpose of Review In rural areas, frameworks of integrated landscape approaches are increasingly being used to reconcile conflicting objectives of stakeholders and sectors, such as agriculture and conservation. In accommodating multiple land uses, social, economic, and environmental trade-offs need to be balanced. Different social processes underly integrated landscape approaches. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the barriers described in peer-reviewed case studies to better understand what hampers the implementation of integrated landscape approaches. To this purpose, we conducted a systematic literature study. We clustered the barriers into the following barriers groups: (1) participation problems, (2) interaction problems, (3) resource problems, and (4) institutional problems, and analyzed how these barriers hindered implementation of the following key landscape processes: planning and visioning, developing and implementing practices, establishing good governance, and monitoring and evaluation. Recent Findings We analyzed barriers described in 56 peer-reviewed papers that document 76 cases of integrated landscape approaches in 35 countries worldwide. Main stakeholder problems were related to absence of specific stakeholder groups, varying levels of engagement, or lack of stakeholder experience and skills. Interaction problems included a lack of communication, collaboration, or coordination, a lack of agreement due to different stakeholder visions, and power relations. Institutional problems were related to incompatible (national) policies and institutional structures hindering integration, and resource problems included limited availability of financial resources and a lack of data. These barriers hampered the implementation of the key processes needed to transition towards integrated landscape approaches in different ways. This paper provides an overview of the main barriers found for each landscape process. Summary Rural landscapes are often characterized by a variety of stakeholders and land use sectors, such as agriculture and natural resource conservation. Landscape approaches aim to integrate different goals such as conservation, production, and livelihoods simultaneously, but their implementation appears to be challenging. In this study, we take stock of the barriers described in the literature and analyze how different types of challenges related to stakeholder engagement, interaction between stakeholders, resources, and institutions hinder implementation of landscape approaches. According to this analysis, we demonstrate why particular problems pose challenges to the implementation of specific elements of landscape approaches. Few barriers were related to testing and implementing sustainable business practices since business stakeholders were often not involved. Most approaches were still in an early stage of development. The continuity of approaches is mostly not secured and calls for better institutionalization of landscape approaches. The set of identified barriers and their relations to key processes can be used as a diagnostic tool to enhance learning and improve the performance of landscape approaches in the transition towards integrated landscape management.
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Rejeb Bouzgarrou, Asma, Yasmine Attia Ben Cherifa, Christophe Claramunt y Hichem Rejeb. "Urban Connectivity: Elements for an Identification of Bir El Bey’s Preferential Landscapes". Urban Science 5, n.º 3 (19 de julio de 2021): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci5030055.
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An urban landscape can be considered as a background environment that influences humans’ movements at various scales in the city. This research is oriented to the study of the interactions between urban forest patches and their degree of influence and attractions on humans’ behaviors and interactions. The objective is to evaluate the relations between individuals’ movements and the city space nearby natural landscapes, and also to question spatial practices in the city. Forest patches are modelled according to a structural approach at the city level, while Space syntax principles have been applied and compared to in situ movements as experimentally observed. A statistical analysis complements the configurational analysis by highlighting correlations between structural properties and human movements. The whole approach is applied to the Bir El Bey Forest of the Tunisian city of Hammam Chatt in order to explore the interaction between the built and natural landscapes at different levels of scale. The findings exhibit the respective effects of the urban network and natural landscape on the urban space, and how such spaces are appropriated by Hammam Chatt inhabitants and users. Finally, the results propose a generic framework analysis for the study of the relations between humans and urban structure and landscape preferences and that offers novel perspectives for urban planning.
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Zgarbová, Marie. "Fundamental phenomenological categories of garden and landscape". Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, n.º 8 (2012): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260080299.
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The current scientific methods describing gardens and landscapes all over the world are not always sufficient for the purpose of deep understanding of specific and close relations between landscape/garden and its inhabitants/visitors. A new dimension of qualitative investigation of these phenomena and relations between humans and the environment, as distinguished from the common mechanistic methods, has to be acquired. While a systematic anti-mechanistic research on the interaction of humans and living space is carried out especially in the United Kingdom and the United States, Continental Europe persist mechanistic in its core.In Continental Europe phenomenology as well as hermeneutics are regarded mostly as the particular areas of abstract philosophical studies that do not refer enough to practical sciences such as, for example, garden and landscape architecture. However, there are some especially transatlantic centres of applied phenomenological research. This article examines the phenomenological and hermeneutical approach as it might be used to explore the specific field of garden and landscape issues. In the first step, the nature of hermeneutics and phenomenology as compared to the common mechanistic scientific methods is discussed and the parallels between hermeneutics and phenomenology are outlined. Then, using the phenomenological method helps we give evidence on the fundamental categories of garden and landscape. These categories, in contrast to mechanistic constructions, represent garden and landscape as they are intimately experienced by humans. The focus of this research is both methodological (it is an effort to articulate a method alternative to the objectivity and abstraction of strict science, to be used in the field of garden and landscape architecture and related areas) and hermeneutical (it is an effort to achieve a deeper and profound understanding of garden and landscape as the irreplaceable base for every responsible interaction, whether scientific, creative, or other, with garden and landscape).
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Rodríguez Iturriaga, Marta. "Learning from COVID-19: The Role of Architecture in the Experience of Urban Landscapes". Ri-Vista. Research for landscape architecture 19, n.º 1 (26 de julio de 2021): 122–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/rv-10182.
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The COVID-19 pandemic, with its lockdowns and mobility restrictions, has created an atmosphere of global reflection towards contemporary urban landscapes. Architecture is an essential component in them and determines, to a large extent, how building users perceive, interpret, and value the surrounding environment. From an experiential and phenomenological perspective, and taking into account the situations lived in 2020, the paper invites to examine the existing relations between architecture and urban landscape at three levels: first, the experience of the environment from the architectural space —namely, the home—; second, the experience of the “interior urban landscape” at street level; and finally, the experience of the “exterior urban landscape” from the city fringe or vantage points that provide vast prospects. The article advocates a holistic understanding of landscapes from the architectural and planning practice and proposes this integrating issue as the guiding axis of new urban policies.
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Rodríguez Romero, Eva J., Carlota Sáenz De Tejada Granados y Rocío Santo-Tomás Muro. "Landscape Perception in Peri-Urban Areas: an Expert-Based Methodological Approach". Landscape Online 75 (4 de octubre de 2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3097/lo.201975.
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While there is general consensus on the importance of landscape perception in urban studies, there is still a need to broaden the toolkit for researchers and practitioners to document, analyse and interpret these inputs, in line with the postulates of the European Landscape Convention and overcoming conventional formats based on descriptions and static photography. This becomes particularly pertinent in the peri-urban landscapes of large cities, bearers of the relations and contradictions between urban growth, resource consumption and landscape protection, and especially vulnerable to tabula rasa approaches. We case study the surrounding landscapes of Madrid at a metropolitan scale, addressing the gap between scopes and scales of recent landscape reports and focusing on two elements connecting (visually, or physically) the city with its commuting zone: lookouts and roads. An expert-based methodology presents the criteria for their selection and a description of desk and field work. A sample for each local approach is further developed to exemplify the application, combining cartography, 3D modelling, visual basins, on-site photography and interpretive drawings. This results in a multifaceted vision of how the city and its hinterland is perceived, illustrating both outstanding and everyday landscapes and how they interweave in a continuous experience.
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Di Carlo, Fabio, Alfonso Giancotti y Luca Reale. "Re-Inventing Water–Ground Relations in Landscape Architecture Projects". Sustainability 12, n.º 24 (11 de diciembre de 2020): 10358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410358.
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In recent decades, the relationship between soil and water has been at the center of many landscape architecture projects and, more in general, of urban transformation. With an ever-increasing recurrence, the interventions reflect on the positive effects of this dialectic, to the point of making it the constitutive element, both in terms of morphologies and of the reciprocal conditions of quality and resilience, combining ecosystem effects and cultural values. This paper thus examines some cases where the use of these elements has assumed the role of “raw material” in those design processes where they are called to specifically question the relationship between nature and human settlements. Three case studies, which with different declinations represent turning points and paradigmatic passages in this context, are here analyzed: the Cultuurpark Westergasfabriek in Amsterdam, the Cheong Gye Cheon canal in Seoul, and the Candlestick Park in the San Francisco Bay.
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Olwig, Kenneth R. "Thesis: Ideology and Power Relations in Cultural Landscape Evaluations". Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography 54, n.º 1 (24 de mayo de 2000): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/002919500423636.
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Poole, Amanda. "Landscape and memory in peasant–state relations in Eritrea". Journal of Peasant Studies 36, n.º 4 (octubre de 2009): 783–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03066150903353926.
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Stoney, Christopher y Katherine A. H. Graham. "Federal-municipal relations in Canada: The changing organizational landscape". Canadian Public Administration 52, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2009): 371–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-7121.2009.00088.x.
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Finchilescu, Gillian y Colin Tredoux. "The Changing Landscape of Intergroup Relations in South Africa". Journal of Social Issues 66, n.º 2 (junio de 2010): 223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2010.01642.x.
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Brierley, Gary y Heqing Huang. "Landscape relations to eco-environmental dynamics of the Sanjiangyuan". Journal of Geographical Sciences 23, n.º 5 (9 de agosto de 2013): 771–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11442-013-1043-5.
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Bradley, Michael P. y Mark H. Stolt. "Landscape-level seagrass–sediment relations in a coastal lagoon". Aquatic Botany 84, n.º 2 (febrero de 2006): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2005.08.003.
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Zhang, Gaochao, Jun Yang y Jing Jin. "ASSESSING RELATIONS AMONG LANDSCAPE PREFERENCE, INFORMATIONAL VARIABLES, AND VISUAL ATTRIBUTES". Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management 29, n.º 3 (23 de septiembre de 2021): 294–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2021.15584.
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The theory of preference matrix proposes coherence and complexity as informational variables to explain landscape preferences. To understand the relationship between the perceived coherence/complexity and the visual attributes of landscape scenes, we constructed multivariate generalized linear models based on a questionnaire study. A total of 488 respondents’ ratings of the preference, the perceived coherence and complexity, and four visual attributes, namely, the openness of visual scale (openness), the richness of composing elements (richness), the orderliness of organization (orderliness), and the depth of view (depth), of a set of digitally manipulated landscape scenes were analyzed. The results showed that landscape preference needed to be explained with coherence and complexity together. Meanwhile, rather than showing the one-one connection with a single visual attribute, the degree of perceived coherence/complexity should be explained with multiple visual attributes. Ranked by explanatory power, the coherence was positively related to orderliness, negatively related to richness, and positively related to openness. The complexity was positively influenced by the level of richness, depth, and negatively influenced by orderliness and openness. Based on the results, feasible ways to build landscape environments with both preferable coherence and complexity were proposed.
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de Huszar Allen, Marguerite. "Making Relations, Breaking Relations". East Central Europe 41, n.º 2-3 (3 de diciembre de 2014): 297–329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763308-04103004.
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French-Hungarian relations reached a high point in the aftermath of the 1896 Millennium Celebration in Budapest. But by 1910, prospects for rapprochement had faded. The article explores the genesis of the rupture in relations that manifested itself in the Treaty of Trianon. It investigates events from two new perspectives: first, the career of French consul general Viscount de Fontenay before and during his stay in Budapest (1906–1912); second, the founding of the Revue de Hongrie along with its early years of publication. Fontenay began the Revue in March 1908 as a diplomatic initiative supported by the intellectual elites of France and Hungary and their governments. It was a monthly journal written entirely in French with subscriptions from individuals as well as prestigious universities, colleges, and libraries in Europe, North America, Australia, and Asia. This article explores relations between the two countries as reflected in the political landscape and the contents of the Revue. Finally, as a contribution to the previously neglected history of international cultural relations, this article identifies the key issue: there is no pure cultural diplomacy. It strives to use the frequently overlapping terms of this emerging field in such a way that the context in which they appear helps to clarify their meaning.
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Huang, Shuping, Cecil Konijnendijk van den Bosch, Weicong Fu, Jinda Qi, Ziru Chen, Zhipeng Zhu y Jianwen Dong. "Does Adding Local Tree Elements into Dwellings Enhance Individuals’ Homesickness? Scenario-Visualisation for Developing Sustainable Rural Landscapes". Sustainability 10, n.º 11 (30 de octubre de 2018): 3943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10113943.
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Rural residential settings are important elements of livable and sustainable rural areas across the world. Enhancing people’s attachment to these landscapes through fostering feelings of homesickness could help in the pursuit of better rural residential settings. We studied homesickness, an emotion found to be associated with higher place attachment and quality of life, related to rural landscapes in southeast China, looking specifically at the presence and configuration of rural dwellings and trees. We used Photoshop to manipulate different configurations of typical rural dwellings and trees, and three series with twelve types of landscape scenes were generated. We looked at the following six emotional factors linked to homesickness: naturalness; regional culture; identity; psychology; experience; and landscape aesthetics. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and semantic differential (SD) methods were used to evaluate the level in which the landscape evoked feelings of homesickness amongst study participants, i.e., a group of university students from different disciplines. Results show that the homesickness emotional response level was higher in most of the simulated landscapes, as compared to the original landscape, and that response levels differed significantly between the three types of visualized landscape configurations. The emotional response level showed differences for manipulated landscape scenes with twelve different trees added to dwellings. Through cluster analysis of the results, we divided trees into three grades of emotional response for each dwelling type. Adding trees thus was found to change the emotional response to the landscape, and different tree configurations with different types of dwellings results in different responses. The study shows that careful design of the rural landscape can help build stronger emotional relations of humans with their local environment, which is a key ingredient for sustainable countryside living.
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MacBride-Stewart, Sara. "Atmospheres, landscapes and nature: Off-road runners’ experiences of well-being". Health: An Interdisciplinary Journal for the Social Study of Health, Illness and Medicine 23, n.º 2 (20 de febrero de 2019): 139–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363459318785675.
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This article reflects on the relations between health and natural landscapes. The study explores how the landscape context – its textual and sensory aesthetics – positively shapes experiences and perceptions of the landscape, for those people who seek out natural environments for health. While health promotion is designated along the lines of encouraging choice or improving access to natural environments, this article wants to show how physical activities are intertwined with atmospheres and affects emanating from the natural and human world. An in-depth case-study of trail running across two sites (New Zealand, United Kingdom) is used to analyse the interconnections between health landscapes. It finds that when participants say that landscape ‘matters’ for health, they are referring to: (1) aesthetics and feelings, (2) flexibility and adaptiveness and (3) exploration and adventure. Avoiding the conclusion that the landscape is merely a resource for health, the analysis confirms that it is the complex of spaces, social practices, along with their physical fleshy selves, minds and emotions, and the particular quality of the earth beneath them, that gives rise to positively perceived health, for both immediate and enduring benefit.
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Lucić, Luka y Elizabeth Bridges. "Ecological landscape in narrative thought". Narrative Inquiry 28, n.º 2 (19 de octubre de 2018): 346–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.17076.luc.
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Abstract This study explores how 16 individuals who grew up during the four-year long military siege of the city employ language to make sense of their everyday experiences in Sarajevo following the conclusion of the Bosnian War. Narrative inquiry is employed in this work to study sense-making, a psychological process based in language and situated in interaction with extant social and physical landscapes. During the study, participants wrote responses across the three narrative contexts (1) the prewar, (2) the acute war, and (3) the postwar. Data analyses examine how participants enact ecological landscape in narrative construction through varied use of prepositions across the three narrative contexts. Significantly higher use of prepositions in the acute war narrative context indicates that growing up amidst urban destruction gives rise to thought processes that draw on spatial and temporal relations in order to make sense of radical environmental changes in the landscape of war.
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SHINOHE, Hidekazu y Hirofumi UEDA. "Relations between “Favorite Landscape” as an Individual Consciousness and “Districted Identifying Landscape” as a Group Consciousness". Journal of The Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture 76, n.º 5 (2013): 575–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5632/jila.76.575.
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Jovic, Biljana, Milos Tripkovic y Aleksandar Cucakovic. "Geometric correlation of cultural landscape patterns and Prunus domestica L. species leaf". Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, n.º 104 (2011): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf1104029j.
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This paper provides the basics for more detailed research on the structures of bionic forms of different plant species and their application in the domain of landscape planning. The aim of this type of research is to expand knowledge of landscape planning with a deeper understanding of different geometric relations present in the existing natural forms. The correlation between structures in nature and structures that are present in contemporary landscape architecture could be established by the congruence with the geometric models from landscape. This paper is focused solely on the geometry of natural forms. The Voronoi diagram was used in order to examine the similarities and to perform a comparative analysis of the Prunus domestica L. leaf geometry and the geometry of cultural landscapes of Central Serbia. The resulting Voronoi diagram shows the similarity based on closed fields, Voronoi cells, which correspond to the nervation of Prunus domestica L. leaf by form. Using the comparative analysis, the geometric interpretation of cultural landscape examples could be linked to the geometric structure of the most frequent fruit tree species.
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Walz, Jonathan. "Historical archaeologies of spatial practices and power". Antiquity 89, n.º 346 (agosto de 2015): 985–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2015.57.
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Archaeologists who employ regional landscapes as an organising principle tend to be more concerned about how landscapes—natural, built and imagined—reflect cultural values than how landscapes shape human relations and community perspectives. As the authors of these two volumes skilfully demonstrate, communities deploy landscapes to materialise, and even to naturalise, claims to political authority and power. They reveal how the study of landscape at multiple scales spurs narratives and counter-narratives about how people experience the world and vie for control of it. Together, J. Cameron Monroe and James Delle advance the inherent possibilities of space and scale in historical archaeology.
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Selim, Serdar y Nusret Demir. "An Automated Model to Evaluate Landscape Patches with Analysis of the Neighborhood Relations". Proceedings 24, n.º 1 (5 de junio de 2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecg2019-06215.
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The landscape should be analyzed in segments to understand its texture, structure, function, and changes. These segments can be used to evaluate landscape structure and for function analysis. In this context, the most important segments which form the landscape are landscape patches. Analysis and understanding of the landscape structure and ecological progress needs measurement of the landscape patches and evaluation. Therefore, the neighborhood ratio between the patches should be known. In this study, we propose an automated method, which is based on Python language, to compute this ratio with consideration of neighborhood degrees between the patches. The test site was Mugla-Koycegiz, a town in Turkey, where there is a huge population of Sweetgum (Liquidambar orientalis) trees, and the town is important for shoreline tourism. Urban area, water surface, agricultural areas, marsh, and forest classes were defined. Sentinel 2A multispectral satellite image was used and the Random Forest classification method applied. The derived patches were produced from the classification, and then converted to the vector form. All vector boundaries were converted to point features with 10 m intervals. The ratio of the number of points neighboring the specific class to all points along the boundary was computed automatically with developed script. Three different patches were analyzed, and the results are reported.
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Mastronardi, Luigi, Vincenzo Giaccio, Agostino Giannelli y Angela Stanisci. "Methodological Proposal about the Role of Landscape in the Tourism Development Process in Rural Areas: The Case of Molise Region (Italy)". European Countryside 9, n.º 2 (27 de junio de 2017): 245–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/euco-2017-0015.
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AbstractThe landscape has always been a fundamental factor in defining tourist flow attraction for local development. In this paper, landscape related to tourism have been analysed using three different measurements through appropriate performance indicators and rationalised with the aim of identifying a scheme of mutual relations. Applying advanced statistical methods of ranking and data synthesis, the area investigated (Molise, Italy) has been divided into different zones. Each area described has a specific relation between tourism and landscape useful in the implementation of optimal promotion strategies and valorisation of the area. In marginal areas, tourism can have an excellent growth potential, since they are characterized by the high quality of the landscape. However, the analysis highlights some gap areas, which means the existence of areas with high quality of the natural and agricultural landscape is not associated with an appropriate tourism development, or areas where the high tourism development is not associated with an appreciable quality of the landscape.
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Li, Songqing. "English in the linguistic landscape of Suzhou". English Today 31, n.º 1 (17 de febrero de 2015): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078414000510.
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The concept of linguistic landscape (LL) covers all of the linguistic objects that mark the public space, i.e. any written sign one observes from road signs to advertising billboards, to the names of shops, streets or schools (Landry & Bourhis, 1997). Because it both shapes and is shaped by social and cultural associations (Ben-Rafael, 2009; Jaworski & Thurlow, 2010: 6–23), the LL has proved an important area for investigating the dynamics of major aspects of social life (e.g. Backhaus, 2006; Huebner, 2006; Curtin, 2009; Lado, 2011; Papen, 2012). One strand of this research is particularly concerned with the role of LL in relation to ethnolinguistic vitality that ‘makes a group likely to behave as a distinctive and active collective entity in intergroup relations’ (Giles, Bourhis & Taylor, 1977: 308). The higher the vitality an ethnolinguistic group enjoys, the more it will be able to use language so as to survive and thrive as a collective entity.
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Zimpel, Jadwiga. "New landscapes of the post-industrial city". Polish Journal of Landscape Studies 2, n.º 4-5 (31 de julio de 2019): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pls.2019.4.5.8.
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This paper attempts to analyze modern urban space in the context of intercepting the effects of biopolitical production by means of a conceptual apparatus taken from urban landscape studies. Among the discussed sections of urban space, which illustrate the issue undertaken in this text, there are first and foremost places that focalize and intertwine practices of urban design, landscape architecture, design and media initiated by local governments, institutions, and private investors. All of these practices strive to create a new type of urban landscapes, characterized by their simultaneous functioning as sights and as “urban stages.” Following from the above findings, this paper aims to describe the listed forms of land use in terms derived from cultural concepts of landscape, considering the latter to be a useful tool for explaining the relations between modern urban subjects and the environment they exist in.
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Mels, Tom. "Landscape unmasked: Kenneth Olwig and the ghostly relations between concepts". cultural geographies 10, n.º 3 (julio de 2003): 379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/1474474003eu281ra.
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Wu, Jianguo. "Effects of changing scale on landscape pattern analysis: scaling relations". Landscape Ecology 19, n.º 2 (2004): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:land.0000021711.40074.ae.
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Barnawi, Osman Z. y Mark Boylan. "Dialogic investigations of teacher–supervisor relations in the TESOL landscape". Cogent Education 3, n.º 1 (5 de agosto de 2016): 1217818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2016.1217818.
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Kapralski, Slawomir. "Battlefields of Memory: Landscape and Identity in Polish-Jewish Relations". History & Memory 13, n.º 2 (2001): 35–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ham.2001.0010.
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Zierden, Martha. "Landscape and Social Relations at Charleston Townhouse Sites (1770–1850)". International Journal of Historical Archaeology 14, n.º 4 (17 de junio de 2010): 527–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10761-010-0124-8.
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Mansourian, Stephanie. "Disciplines, Sectors, Motivations and Power Relations in Forest Landscape Restoration". Ecological Restoration 39, n.º 1-2 (marzo de 2021): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/er.39.1-2.16.
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(АА) Rust, Braam. "The preparation of the labor relations landscape of South Africa (1994-2008): an environmental perspective for sustainable development". Environmental Economics 8, n.º 1 (12 de abril de 2017): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.08(1).2017.10.
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This paper undertakes a review of the literature that examines the highlights and changes in specific external environmental factors (Ecology, Economy, Politics, Legislation and legal structures, and Society), between1994 and 2008 in South Africa, with the aim to ascertain how these factors affect the day-to-day labour relations in the workplace and add to sustainable development. These factors form the landscape for labour relations. Changes to them have consequences on the quality of labour relations, that is, inter alia, the frequency, and intensity of conflicts, disputes, demands and industrial actions. It is also evident that with its power and through the political system, the South African trade union was enhanced to shape the labour relations landscape. Labour laws were particularly designed to be worker friendly and to ensure that trade unions could use a fair collective bargaining system to spread the wealth of the mining industry, agriculture and other industries more evenly. Also, because of the alliance that exists between Labour and the ruling party (ANC), the economy was influenced so that economic policies could to a certain extent guide and steer economic growth, unemployment, inflation, interest rates and exchange rates. Trade unions were instruments in ensuring that formal changes in laws and policies did, in fact, reach and positively impact families and households within the social environment. Lastly, trade unions were the most effective instrument for heralding change within South Africa in the environmental fields of ecology, economy, politics, legislation and legal structures, as well as within society. Furthermore, these fields have interchangeably affected the labour relations landscape thereby indelibly shaping it between 1994 and 2008.
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Raffa, Alessandro. "The strada litoranea. Mapping colonial rural landscape along the Libyan coastal road." SHS Web of Conferences 63 (2019): 06002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196306002.
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The construction of the Strada Litoranea, the first modern infrastructure of Libya, coincided with an impressive territorial refoundation process. Although the role of this infrastructure in the tourist and rural development had been recognized, the scope and its transformative qualities in the process of modernization of the territory and of invention of a modern landscape has still not been investigated. The present paper illustrates ongoing research, interweaving geography, landscape architecture and architectural planning. Its first aim is to overcome the design-related disciplines previous research, through a less thematic and more 'relational' approach. A process that, starting from the coastal road, can tell the colonial fragments and their relations and reassemble them into a new interpretation of the Libyan peculiar rural landscape. Particularly, the modern strategy for rural development will emerge, also from a topographic point of view. A further element of originality consisted in the mapping process based on multi-scale territorial readings and architectural drawings, both as an instrument of knowledge and of restitution of relations between colonial fragments and strada litoranea. These maps intend to describe the complexity of an ambiguous landscape that oscillates between heterotopia and rooting, designed to be Italian and Libyan together.