Literatura académica sobre el tema "Lipidos de la dieta"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Lipidos de la dieta"
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Arenas Guiza, Florami y Javier Alonso Trujillo. "Efecto de la dieta KOT sobre el riesgo aterogénico en mujeres obesas." Revista CuidArte 3, n.º 5 (17 de febrero de 2015): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fesi.23958979e.2014.3.5.69089.
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<div>El perfil de lípidos es indicador del riesgo aterogénico. Existen dietas hiperprotéicas, hipocalórica con bajo índice glucémico y rica en fibra como la dieta KOT que probablemente disminuya</div><div>el riesgo aterogénico. La dieta KOT (diseñada por laboratorios CEPRODI-KOT en Francia), consisten en un conjunto de fórmulas alimenticias creadas por especialistas en nutrición. El objetivo de este trabajo es demostrar que el consumo de una dieta KOT durante dos semanas, puede mantener dentro de límites normales los niveles de colesterol, triglicéridos, HDLc, LDLc y disminuir el riesgo aterogénico en mujeres adultas obesas. Esta investigación es cuasi-experimental, prospectiva,</div><div>longitudinal, y analítica. Los resultados mostraron disminuciones en todos los indicadores del perfil de lípidos y en el riesgo aterogénico, sin embargo, solo el colesterol mostró que esta disminución fue estadísticamente significativa. La dieta KOT protege contra el riesgo aterogénico pero se sugiere que su consumo sea superior a dos semanas.</div><div><br /></div><div>Palabras clave: Riesgo aterogénico, Obesidad, Dieta hiperprotéica, Dieta hipocalórica, Dieta rica en fibra.</div><div><br /></div><div><div>The profile of lipids is an indicator of aterogenic risk. Diets exist hiperproteic, low-calorie with low index glucemic and rich in fiber as the diet KOT that probably diminishes the aterogenic risk. The KOT diet (designed by CEPRODI-KOT in France), they consist of a set of food formulae created by specialists of nutrition. The aim of this work is to demonstrate that the consumption of a diet KOT for two weeks, can support inside normal limits the levels of cholesterol, tryglicerides, HDLc, LDLc and diminish the aterogenic risk in adult obese</div><div>women. This investigation is quasi-experimental, market, longitudinal, and analytical. The results showed decreases in all the indicators of the profile of lipids and in the aterogenic risk, nevertheless, only the cholesterol showed that this decrease was statistically significant. The diet KOT protects</div><div>against the aterogenic risk but it is suggested that his consumption should be superior to two weeks.</div><div><br /></div><div>Key words: Aterogenic risk, Obesity, Hiperproteic diet, Hipocaloric diet, Rich in fiber diet.</div></div>
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Dahdah, Norma, Alba Gonzalez-Franquesa, Sara Samino, Pau Gama-Perez, Laura Herrero, José Carlos Perales, Oscar Yanes, Maria Del Mar Malagón y Pablo Miguel Garcia-Roves. "Effects of Lifestyle Intervention in Tissue-Specific Lipidomic Profile of Formerly Obese Mice". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, n.º 7 (1 de abril de 2021): 3694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073694.
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Lipids are highly diverse in their composition, properties and distribution in different biological entities. We aim to establish the lipidomes of several insulin-sensitive tissues and to test their plasticity when divergent feeding regimens and lifestyles are imposed. Here, we report a proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) study of lipid abundance across 4 tissues of C57Bl6J male mice that includes the changes in the lipid profile after every lifestyle intervention. Every tissue analysed presented a specific lipid profile irrespective of interventions. Glycerolipids and fatty acids were most abundant in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) followed by liver, whereas sterol lipids and phosphoglycerolipids were highly enriched in hypothalamus, and gastrocnemius had the lowest content in all lipid species compared to the other tissues. Both when subjected to a high-fat diet (HFD) and after a subsequent lifestyle intervention (INT), the lipidome of hypothalamus showed no changes. Gastrocnemius and liver revealed a pattern of increase in content in many lipid species after HFD followed by a regression to basal levels after INT, while eWAT lipidome was affected mainly by the fat composition of the administered diets and not their caloric density. Thus, the present study demonstrates a unique lipidome for each tissue modulated by caloric intake and dietary composition.
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Corrêa, Maria José Pinheiro, Maria Isabel Rodríguez-García y Adela Olmedilla Arnal. "Caracterización histoquimica de la etapa temprana del desarrollo del fruto del olivo (Olea europaea L.)". Acta Botanica Brasilica 16, n.º 1 (enero de 2002): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-33062002000100009.
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Se estudia el desarrollo a nivel histoquimico de la etapa temprana del fruto del olivo (Olea europaea L.) variedad Picual, vigorosa y elevado rendimiento graso. Para ello, se utilizaron flores de olivo recién fecundadas y también com tres, siete y diez días tras la fecundación. Hemos utilizado tinción com "Sudan Black", para hacer un seguimiento de los lípidos en las diferentes etapas de desarrollo del fruto del olivo. Como resultado se puede decir que en la etapa temprana del desarrollo del fruto, el exocarpo se presenta rico en lípidos en todas las etapas de estudio. El mesocarpo y el embrión presentan tinción no homogénea, o sea, hay algunas regiones de ellos que presentan lipidos, mientras que la zona vascular del mesocarpo y el endocarpo se presentan libre de tinción y la zona vascular del embrión se mantiene rica en lipidos.
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Ordóñez, J. A., M. O. López, E. Hierro, M. I. Cambero y L. de la Hoz. "Efecto de la dieta de cerdos ibéricos sobre la composición en ácidos grasos del tejido adiposo y muscular / Effect of diet on the fatty acid composition of adipose and muscular tissue in Iberian pigs". Food Science and Technology International 2, n.º 6 (diciembre de 1996): 383–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108201329600200604.
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The fatty acid composition of total, apolar and polar lipid fractions from adipose and muscular tissues of Iberian pigs was determined. Animals were fed on diets of pasture and acorns ( montanera), acorns and cereals ( recebo) or cereals ( cebo ). The principal fatty acids in the total and apolar lipid fractions from muscular tissue were C18.1 (39-51%), C16.0 (21-27%), C18.0 (11-21%), C18.2 (3-7%) and C18.3 (1.7-5.4%). Significant differences were observed only in some cases. In the total lipid fraction from the muscular tissue significant differences ( p ≤ 0.05) were found between all three batches for the C161 fatty acid and between the cebo batch and the others for both C181 and C18:0. In total lipids from the adipose tissue, significant differences were found for both C161 and C18:3 between all three batches, and for C16:1 and C18:1 differences were observed only between the montanera batch and the others. The differences between batches in the apolar and polar frac tions were smaller than those for total lipids. A 100% partition among the three different diets studied was not obtained when a stepwise discriminant analysis was applied.
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Gomes, Ricácio Luan Marques, Evandro Bilha Moro, Bruno dos Santos Sosa, Danielle Zanerato Damasceno, Mariana Lins Rodrigues y Fábio Bittencourt. "Sources of lipids in diets for silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) juveniles". Boletim do Instituto de Pesca 45, n.º 2 (4 de abril de 2019): e.465. http://dx.doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2019.45.2.465.
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Barrea, Luigi, Giovanni Tarantino, Carolina Di Somma, Giovanna Muscogiuri, Paolo Emidio Macchia, Andrea Falco, Annamaria Colao y Silvia Savastano. "Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Circulating Levels of Sirtuin 4 in Obese Patients: A Novel Association". Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2017 (2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6101254.
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Purpose. This study was aimed at evaluating sirtuin 4 (Sirt4) levels in obese individuals, in relation to their adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), a healthy dietary pattern characterized by high antioxidant capacity, and markers of visceral fat storage.Subjects/Methods. Forty-three obese patients (44% males; BMI: 36.7–58.8 kg/m2) were consecutively included. PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) and the 7-day food records were used to assess the adherence to MD and dietary pattern, respectively. Visceral adiposity index (VAI) was calculated. Sirt4 levels were detected by ELISA method.Results. The majority of the obese participants (62.8%) had an average adherence to MD. Compared with average adherers, low adherers had higher BMI, energy intake, and percentage of energy from lipids, mainly saturated fat and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and lower Sirt4 levels. After adjusting for BMI, Sirt4 levels remained negatively correlated with VAI. After adjusting for total energy intake, Sirt4 levels remained negatively associated with PREDIMED and consumption of n-3 PUFA, vitamins C and E. The threshold value of PREDIMED predicting the lowest decrease in Sirt4 levels was found at a score of 6.Conclusions. Less reduced Sirt4 levels in obese patients adhering to MD suggest a further aspect of the antioxidant advantage of MD.
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Straková, E., P. Suchý, V. Večerek, V. Šerman, N. Mas y M. Jůzl. "Nutritional Composition of Seeds of the Genus Lupinus". Acta Veterinaria Brno 75, n.º 4 (2006): 489–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200675040489.
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The aim of this study was to determine and evaluate the chemical composition of the seeds of the genus Lupinus and soybeans. The chemical analyses were carried out in frequently grown lupin varieties in Europe (AMIGA, ANDA, ATU, BORUTA, BUTAN, DIETA, JUNO, KARO, PRIMA, ROSE, SONET and WATT) and two locally grown varieties of soybeans (KORADA and VISION). The contents of individual substances in analysed lupin seeds showed large differences in chemical composition of individual lupin varieties (crude protein: 317.06 - 458.86 g kg-1; lipids: 52.15 - 125.76 g kg-1; fibre: 101.21 - 154.23 g kg-1; non-nitrogenous extractive substances: 285.94 - 436.47 g kg-1; starch: 41.31 - 102.65 g kg-1; organic matter: 951.75 - 966.24 g kg-1; ash: 33.76 - 48.25 g kg-1; calcium: 2.29 - 5.10 g kg-1; phosphorus: 4.62 - 8.04 g kg-1; magnesium: 1.36 - 2.51 g kg-1; acid detergent fibre: 133.13 - 209.25 g kg-1). Lupin seeds were characterized by high contents of crude protein; in some varieties they significantly exceeded the content of crude protein in soybeans. In contrast to lupine seeds, soybeans contained a significantly higher content of lipids and lower content of fibre including acid detergent fibre. In lupin seeds, a negative correlation coefficient was found between the crude protein and BNLV content (r = -0.93) and between crude protein and starch content (r = -0.79). A positive correlation (r = 0.76) was found between the starch and BNLV content in lupin seeds. The results of the study provide information not only for growers regarding the choice of individual lupin varieties, but also for breeders who intend to use lupin seeds as suitable components for feed rations and mixtures.
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Sæle, Øystein, Andreas Nordgreen, Pål A. Olsvik, Jan I. Hjelle, Torstein Harboe y Kristin Hamre. "Toxic effects of dietary hydrolysed lipids: an in vivo study on fish larvae". British Journal of Nutrition 109, n.º 6 (20 de julio de 2012): 1071–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000711451200284x.
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We have previously described that fish larvae absorb a larger fraction of dietary monoacylglycerol than TAG. To investigate how dietary hydrolysed lipids affect a vertebrate at early life stages over time, we fed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae six diets with different degrees of hydrolysed lipids for 30 d. The different diets had no effect on growth, but there was a positive correlation between the level of hydrolysed lipids in the diets and mortality. Important genes in lipid metabolism, such as PPAR, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), were regulated by the different diets. Genes involved in the oxidative stress response did not respond to the increased lipid hydrolysation in the diets. However, enterocyte damage was observed in animals fed diets with 2·7 % NEFA (diet 3) or more. It is thus possible that mortality was due to infections and/or osmotic stress due to the exposure of the subepithelial tissue. In contrast to earlier experiments showing a positive effect of dietary hydrolysed lipids, we have demonstrated a toxic effect of dietary NEFA on Atlantic cod larvae. Toxicity is not acute but needs time to accumulate.
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Boll, Meinrad, Lutz W. D. Weber y Andreas Stampfl. "The Response of Rat Serum Lipids to Diets of Varying Composition or Contaminated with Organochlorine Pesticides". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 51, n.º 1-2 (1 de febrero de 1996): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1996-1-216.
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Abstract The effects of different diets (high carbohydrate, high protein, high fat) and diets contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and/or γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (lindane) on the levels of serum triglycerides, cholesterol and phospholipids were investigated in Wistar rats. Serum triglyceride levels differed significantly among the diets, while those of cholesterol and phospholipids were much less affected by the diet composition. A change in diet composition resulted in a gradual adaptation to the lipid levels characteristic of the new diet with major variations including oscillations. There was, however, no specific component of a diet that could be associated with any specific change in serum lipids. While feed deprivation decreased the serum lipids (40-65% in 3 days), refeeding the starved animals caused pronounced increases of the lipids that were different among the diets. The response of the triglyceride levels was the strongest (up to 10 times the starvation levels) followed by those of the phospholipids (4-fold) and cholesterol (2.5-fold). Response of the triglyceride levels peaked within 1 or 2 days of refeeding, whereas those of cholesterol and phospholipids took 4 days to reach the maximum. Feeding PCB-contaminated diets increased the serum lipids in a dose-dependent manner (15-250 ppm). Higher PCB concentrations were increasingly inhibitory (350 ppm) or overtly toxic (> 400 ppm). Elevated lipids returned to the starting levels immediately after peaking (triglycerides) or only after several days (cholesterol, phospholipids) but with an earlier onset at lower PCB concentrations. Refeeding starved animals with PCB- contaminated diets also increased the serum lipids dose-dependently. Feeding lindane-containing diets (50-150 ppm) as well as refeeding animals with lindane diets resulted in a considerable increase of the triglyceride levels, while cholesterol and phospohlipids increased much less. Higher lindane concentrations ( 250 ppm) were inhibitory. The outcome on serum lipid levels on feeding diets contaminated with both PCBs and lindane was basically additive.
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Lindqvist, Helen M., Linnea Bärebring, Inger Gjertsson, Antti Jylhä, Reijo Laaksonen, Anna Winkvist y Mika Hilvo. "A Randomized Controlled Dietary Intervention Improved the Serum Lipid Signature towards a Less Atherogenic Profile in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis". Metabolites 11, n.º 9 (17 de septiembre de 2021): 632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11090632.
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Diet is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). One explanation for this is its effect on specific lipids. However, knowledge on how the lipidome is affected is limited. We aimed to investigate if diet can change the new ceramide- and phospholipid-based CVD risk score CERT2 and the serum lipidome towards a more favorable CVD signature. In a crossover trial (ADIRA), 50 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) had 10 weeks of a Mediterranean-style diet intervention or a Western-style control diet and then switched diets after a 4-month wash-out-period. Five hundred and thirty-eight individual lipids were measured in serum by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Lipid risk scores were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test or mixed model and lipidomic data with multivariate statistical methods. In the main analysis, including the 46 participants completing ≥1 diet period, there was no significant difference in CERT2 after the intervention compared with the control, although several CERT2 components were changed within periods. In addition, triacylglycerols, cholesteryl esters, phosphatidylcholines, alkylphosphatidylcholines and alkenylphosphatidylcholines had a healthier composition after the intervention compared to after the control diet. This trial indicates that certain dietary changes can improve the serum lipid signature towards a less atherogenic profile in patients with RA.
Tesis sobre el tema "Lipidos de la dieta"
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Almazán, Torres Karen, Chávez Karina Fátima García y Ramos Roxana Valdés. "Efecto de una Dieta elevada en Hidratos de Carbono y Lípidos en la producción de Inmunoglobulina a Intestino Delgado de Ratones". Tesis de Licenciatura, Medicina-Quimica, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/14240.
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La dieta es fundamental para mantener una óptima función inmunitaria. En el estilo de vida
actual predominan dietas elevadas en hidratos de carbono y lípidos, por lo que investigar el
efecto de las mismas en el tejido linfoide asociado a intestino es de vital importancia.
El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar el efecto de una dieta elevada en hidratos de
carbono y lípidos en la producción de inmunoglobulina A de intestino delgado en ratones
Balb/c. Se emplearon 24 ratones machos de 21 días de edad con los cuales se formaron los
siguientes grupos: 1) Dieta control, 2) Dieta elevada en hidratos de carbono, 3) Dieta elevada
en lípidos. La administración de las dietas abarcó un período de 9 semanas, se procedió a la
obtención de linfocitos de lámina propia de intestino y de placa de Peyer para su posterior
determinación de fenotipo por citometría de flujo, a fin de cuantificar el porcentaje de
células productoras de inmunoglobulina A, además se obtuvo la inmunoglobulina A secretora
en líquido intestinal por medio de la técnica de ELISA.
Los resultados mostraron que la dieta elevada en hidratos de carbono aumentó la
concentración de células productoras de IgA en lámina propia y la de IgA secretora. La dieta
elevada en lípidos aumentó el porcentaje de células productoras de IgA en placa de Peyer
mientras que en lámina propia presentó menor concentración respecto a la dieta control y la
dieta elevada en hidratos de carbono.
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Costa, Trachsel Irmgard. "Caracterización y validación morfológica y molecular de los tumores mamarios experimentales. Modulación por los lípidos de la dieta". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/283434.
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La tesis doctoral incluye 10 publicaciones que forman parte del proyecto “Lípidos de la Dieta y Cáncer de Mama” que desarrolla el “Grup Multidisciplinari per a l´Estudi del Càncer de Mama” (GMECM). Los trabajos han utilizado el modelo experimental de tumores mamarios inducidos en rata con dimetilbenz(α)antraceno (DMBA) y son el resultado de los siguientes objetivos: a) caracterizar y validar morfológicamente este modelo, con un abordaje singular (artículos 1 y 2); b) estudiar el efecto de las dietas ricas aceite de maíz (PUFA n-6) y en aceite de oliva virgen extra (MUFA n-9 y componentes bioactivos) sobre la carcinogénesis mamaria experimental, desde una perspectiva histopatológica (artículos 2 y 5); c) analizar la influencia de estas dietas sobre la expresión de p21Ha-Ras, por inmunohistoquímica, en los carcinomas de mama experimentales (artículo 3); d) aplicar las aportaciones morfológicas en estudios clínicos, moleculares y biológicos que evalúan la modulación del cáncer de mama por los lípidos de la dieta (artículos 4, 5, 6, 9 y 10); y e) integrar los resultados obtenidos en los mecanismos de los efectos de los lípidos de la dieta en el cáncer de mama (artículos 7 y 8).
En primer lugar, la aproximación morfológica de las lesiones y los tumores mamarios experimentales ha conllevado dos principales aportaciones: a) una optimización de la caracterización histológica y una propuesta de clasificación de la patología mamaria experimental que facilitan el diagnóstico de estas lesiones y la extrapolación con el sistema humano y b) el diseño de un sistema de gradación de los carcinomas de mama experimentales, basado en el sistema de Scarff-Bloom-Richardson, que reconoce tumores de diferente agresividad morfológica. En segundo lugar, se ha demostrado, por primera vez, una modulación morfológica diferencial de los lípidos de la dieta sobre los carcinomas de mama experimentales: una mayor agresividad (mayor grado arquitectural, nuclear e histológico, y mayor actividad mitótica, necrosis y desmoplasia estromal) asociada a una dieta rica en aceite de maíz, más evidente durante la promoción de la carcinogénesis, respecto a una dieta normolipídica; y un aspecto similar de los carcinomas de mama de los grupos de dieta rica en aceite de oliva virgen extra a los del grupo control (grado arquitectural y nuclear e histológico bajos) e incluso más benigno (patrón papilar predominante y menor reacción desmoplásica y necrosis tumoral). En tercer lugar, y a pesar de no observarse diferencias en la expresión de p21Ha-Ras entre los grupos experimentales, por efecto de la dieta, ésta parece depender del grado histológico de los carcinomas en los grupos de dieta normolipídica y rica en aceite de maíz (mayor expresión en los carcinomas de bajo grado histológico). La pérdida de esta relación por efecto de una dieta rica en aceite de oliva es compatible con el papel atribuible sobre la actividad de la proteína. Finalmente, se ha constatado una correlación de los resultados morfológicos con los datos clínicos, moleculares y biológicos en los trabajos de integración: a) un efecto estimulador de los PUFA n-6 (menor tiempo de latencia, mayor número de animales afectados y elevado contenido y volumen tumoral) y un efecto entre protector y débilmente estimulador del aceite de oliva virgen extra (latencia tumoral similar y menor volumen tumoral, respecto al grupo control, pero con mayor incidencia y contenido tumoral); b) una expresión diferencial de PCPH y de nuevos genes identificados (globulina α-2u de glándula submaxilar, VDUP1, H19 y EST-Rn.32385), relacionados con proliferación y diferenciación celular, por efecto de los lípidos de la dieta; y c) una influencia de la dieta rica en PUFA n-6 en la maduración sexual de los animales, avanzando la pubertad y aumentando el riesgo de cáncer de mama.This dissertation includes 10 publications that are part of the "Fat Diet and Breast Cancer" project developed by the "Grup Multidisciplinari per a l'Estudi Breast Cancer" (GMECM). The studies have used the experimental model of mammary tumors induced in rats with dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA) and are the result of the following objectives: a) to characterize and to validate morphologically this model, using a unique approach (articles 1 and 2); b) to study the effect of diets rich in corn oil (n-6 PUFA) and extra virgin olive oil (n-9 MUFA and bioactive components) on experimental mammary carcinogenesis, from a histopathologic perspective (articles 2 and 5); c) to analyze the influence of these diets on the expression of p21Ha-Ras, by immunohistochemistry, in experimental breast carcinomas (article 3); d) to apply the morphological contributions in clinical, molecular and biological studies that evaluate breast cancer modulation by dietary lipids (articles 4, 5, 6, 9 and 10); and e) to integrate the results into the mechanisms of the effects of dietary lipids in breast cancer (Articles 7 and 8). First, the morphological approach of experimental mammary tumors and lesions has led two major contributions: a) an optimization of the histological characterization and a proposed classification of experimental breast disease that improve the diagnosis of these lesions and the extrapolation to the human system and b) the design of a grading system for experimental breast carcinomas, based on the Scarff-Bloom-Richardson method, that recognizes tumors with different morphological aggressiveness. Secondly, it has been demonstrated, for the first time, a differential morphological modulation by dietary lipids, on experimental breast carcinomas: an aggressive phenotype (greater architectural, nuclear and histological grades, and an increased mitotic activity, necrosis and stromal desmoplasia) associated with a diet rich in corn oil, particularly when acting as promoter, compared with a normolipidic diet; and a similar appearance of breast carcinomas from the groups fed a diet rich in extra virgin olive oil to the control group ones (low architectural, nuclear and histological grades), and even more benign (a prevailing papillary pattern and a less desmoplastic reaction and tumor necrosis). Third, despite there were no differences in the expression of p21Ha-Ras between experimental groups by the effect of diet, this seems to depend on the histological grade of carcinomas in groups fed normolipidic and corn oil rich diets (increased expression in low histological grade carcinomas). The loss of this relationship by the effect of a diet rich in olive oil is compatible with the attributed role on the activity of the protein. Finally, there has been a correlation of morphological findings with clinical, molecular and biological data, in the integration studies: a) a stimulatory effect of n-6 PUFA (low latency, increased number of affected animals and a high content and tumor volume); and an effect from protective to weakly stimulatory of the extra virgin olive oil (similar tumor latency and lower tumor volume than the control group, but with higher incidence and tumor content); b) a differential expression of PCPH and of newly identified genes (submaxillary gland α-2u globulin, VDUP1, H19 and EST-Rn.32385), related to cell proliferation and differentiation, by dietary lipids; c) an influence of diet rich in n-6 PUFA in the sexual maturation of the animals, advancing puberty and increasing the risk of breast cancer.
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Pereira, Stéphanie Dorothée Melen Palha Ramos. "Clínica de animais exóticos e silvestres: patologias nutricionais em psitacídeos". Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/14005.
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O presente trabalho visa relatar a casuística observada durante o estágio curricular em clínica de animais exóticos e silvestres, no Centro Veterinário de Exóticos do Porto e no Parc Zoologique d’Amnéville. Esta será exposta em frequências absolutas e relativas que estarão representadas em gráficos e tabelas para que a interpretação das atividades desenvolvidas seja clara.
De seguida, estará contemplada uma revisão bibliográfica subordinada a uma das emergências mais frequentemente assistidas - as patologias relacionadas com o mau maneio nutricional em psitacídeos de cativeiro. Após uma breve caracterização dos elementos da ordem Psittaciforme, segue-se a descrição da sua morfologia e fisiologia gastrointestinal, e uma revisão da sua alimentação na natureza. As patologias nutricionais mais comuns serão referenciadas, assim como a alimentação atualmente recomendada, a qual será nutricionalmente comparada as misturas de sementes.
Por fim, será apresentado um caso clínico de um animal acompanhado durante o estágio, acometido pela lipidose hepática; Abstract:
“Internship report on clinic of exotic and feral animals - nutritional pathologies in psittacines”
The following work describes the activities performed during the internship on clinic of exotic and feral animals at Centro Veterinário de Exóticos do Porto and Parc Zoologique d'Amnéville. These will be displayed in absolute and relative frequencies, which, in turn, will be represented in graphics and tables to allow a clear interpretation of the developed activities.
Then, a literature review will be made of the most frequently assisted emergencies - the pathologies related to a poor nutritional management in captive psittacines. A brief characterization of some elements of the Psittaciforme order will be followed by a description of their gastrointestinal morphology and physiology, and by a review of their food habits in the wild. The most common nutritional disorders will be referred, as well as the currently recommended diet, which will be nutritionally compared with seed mixtures.
Finally, it will be presented a clinical case of an animal accompanied during the internship, suffering from hepatic lipidosis.
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Manzanares, Serrano Miguel Angel. "Influencia de los lípidos de la dieta en la iniciación del cáncer de mama experimental: Ontogenia de las enzimas de detoxificación de xenobióticos. Metabolism ode carcinógeno y daño en el ADN". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285545.
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El cáncer de mama es el más frecuente en las mujeres de todo el mundo. Además de los factores genéticos, epigenéticos y hormonales, existen evidencias epidemiológicas y experimentales de que los factores nutricionales y ambientales tienen un papel en la etiología y el desarrollo de esta enfermedad. Los lípidos de la dieta se han relacionado directamente con el cáncer, fundamentalmente, el de mama. El grupo de investigación ha contribuido al mejor conocimiento de los efectos y de los mecanismos de acción de las dietas hiperlipídicas de aceite de maíz, rico en ácidos grasos poliinsaturados, PUFA n-6, y el aceite de oliva virgen extra, rico en ácidos grasos monoinsaturados, MUFA n-9, y diversos compuestos bioactivos, en el cáncer de mama experimental, obteniendo un efecto estimulador y potencialmente protector, respectivamente. Estas dietas actuaron fundamentalmente sobre la etapa de la promoción de la carcinogénesis. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido investigar si estos lípidos podían intervenir, además, sobre la iniciación mediante la modulación de la metabolización y/o detoxificación de los agentes iniciadores carcinogénicos, tanto a nivel hepático como de la propia glándula mamaria. Los resultados proceden de dos series experimentales diferentes, desarrolladas en el modelo experimental de cáncer de mama inducido en la rata con el hidrocarburo aromático policíclico 7,12-dimetilbenz(a)antraceno (DMBA). En ambas se estudiaron las enzimas metabolizadoras de xenobióticos (XMEs) de la fase I: CYP1A1, CYP1A2 y CYP1B1, y de la fase II: GSTP1 y NQO1. En la primera serie se evaluó el efecto de los lípidos de la dieta sobre la expresión en hígado y glándula mamaria de las XMEs en edades clave del desarrollo (prepuberal, puberal y postpuberal/adulta). En la segunda, se estudiaron específicamente las horas inmediatamente posteriores a la administración del carcinógeno y se analizó el efecto de los lípidos de la dieta sobre el metabolismo hepático, la generación de compuestos reactivos y el daño genómico provocado en la glándula mamaria. Los resultados han mostrado que los lípidos de la dieta son capaces de modular la expresión de las XMEs en distintas etapas del desarrollo postnatal. Además, la dieta rica en PUFA n-6 incrementó la expresión de las enzimas de fase I, en edades previas a la administración del DMBA, y aumentó la actividad de los CYP1s en las horas inmediatamente posteriores (12 y 24 horas post inducción), al mismo tiempo que disminuyó la actividad enzimática de la fase II, principalmente de NQO1. El número de metabolitos reactivos generados en hígado y el daño genómico en la glándula en los animales alimentados con la dieta rica en aceite de maíz fue mayor que en los otros dos grupos. Por otro lado, la dieta rica en aceite de oliva virgen extra y la dieta control normolipídica presentaron una actividad de fase I y II mejor coordinada, presentando una menor producción de metabolitos reactivos y menor daño en el ADN en la glándula mamaria. La concordancia de estos resultados con los parámetros de la carcinogénesis en ambas series demostró el efecto de los lípidos sobre la iniciación de la carcinogénesis mamaria experimental, además de la ya descrita modulación durante las fases de promoción/progresión. Los resultados de este trabajo, junto con otros previos sobre los efectos de los lípidos durante la maduración sexual y la diferenciación de la glándula mamaria, sugieren que estos nutrientes, en función de la cantidad y del tipo, pueden modificar diferencialmente la susceptibilidad o resistencia de la glándula mamaria al desarrollo del cáncer y, por tanto, modular las ventanas de susceptibilidad frente a la exposición a carcinógenos ambientales.Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women all over the World. Besides the genetic, epigenetic and hormonal factors, there are epidemiologic and experimental evidences that nutritional and environmental factors have a role in the etiology and the development of this cancer. The dietary lipids are directly related with cancer, mainly breast cancer. The research group has contributed to the best understanding of the effects and the mechanisms of action of the high corn oil, rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) n-6, and the high extra virgin olive oil diets, rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) n-9 and several bioactive compounds, in the experimental breast cancer, resulting in a stimulating and a potentially protective effect, respectively. These diets mostly acted on the carcinogenesis promotion stage. The aim of this work has been to research on the intervention of these lipids, furthermore, over the initiation through the modulation of the bioactivation and/or detoxification of the carcinogenic initiator agents, both in hepatic level and the mammary gland itself. Results proceed from two different experimental series, developed in the experimental breast cancer model induced in the rat with the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). In both series the xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs) were studied, CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1 from the phase I, and GSTP1 and NQO1 from the phase II. The first series analyzed the effect of the dietary lipids on the XMEs expression in the liver and the mammary gland in critical development ages (prepubertal, pubertal and postpubertal/adult). The second series studied specifically the hours immediately after the carcinogen administration and analyzed the effect of the dietary lipids on its hepatic metabolism, the generation of reactive compounds and the genomic damage in the mammary gland. Results showed that dietary lipids may modulate the XMEs expression in different stages of the postnatal development. Additionally, the diet rich in PUFA n-6 increased the expression of phase I enzymes, in ages previous to DMBA administration, and raised CYP1s activity in the hours immediately after induction (12 and 24 hours), while reducing the enzyme activity of phase II, mainly NQO1. The number of reactive metabolites generated in the liver and the genomic damage in the mammary gland of the animals fed the high corn oil diet was higher than in the other groups. On the other hand, the high extra virgin olive oil diet and the normolipidic control diet exhibit a better coordinated phase I and phase II activity, showing a lower production of reactive metabolites and smaller DNA damage in the mammary gland. Concordance between these results and the carcinogenesis parameters in both series showed the effect of lipids on the initiation of the experimental mammary carcinogenesis, besides the already described modulation during promotion/progression stages. Results of this work, along with previous others on the effects of lipids during sexual maturity and mammary gland differentiation suggest that these nutrients, depending on the amount and type, can differently modify the mammary gland susceptibility or resistance to cancer development, and therefore, modulate the windows of susceptibility over the exposure to environmental carcinogens.
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Homem, Junior Antonio Carlos [UNESP]. "Grão de girassol ou gordura protegida na dieta com alto concentrado e o ganho compensatório para cordeiros". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99604.
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homemjunior_ac_me_jabo.pdf: 310961 bytes, checksum: ec5e5ee99a7719d8d830586d7844c73a (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Foi estudada a inclusão de lipídios advindos dos grãos de girassol ou da gordura protegida em dietas com alto concentrado para cordeiros sobre a digestibilidade dos nutrientes e o balanço nitrogenado. Foram utilizados 12 cordeiros com peso médio de 25 kg distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), onde foram coletadas totalmente as excretas. A fermentação ruminal foi realizada utilizando seis ovinos, com peso médio de 30 kg, canulados no rúmen, distribuídos em delineamento quadrado latino duplo com três dietas e três períodos, nos quais foram amostrados conteúdos e realizadas incubações ruminais para avaliação do pH, amônia, ácidos graxos voláteis,' massa microbiana e degradabilidade dos ingredientes. O desempenho em confinamento com ganho compensatório foi realizado utilizando 36 cordeiros, com peso médio de 18 kg, distribuídos num DIC em esquema fatorial 3 dietas e 2 manejos de alimentação. Não foram observados efeitos da dieta sobre a digestibilidade da matéria seca (67,3%), proteína bruta (72,1%) carboidratos totais (60,9%) e carboidratos não fibrosos (93,7%), assim como para o balanço nitrogenado, apresentando valores médios 36,1 g/dia para ingestão, de 17,5 g/dia para retenção e relação retido/absorvido de 66,9%. Não houve diferenças entre as dietas para a concentração ruminal de amônia (18 mg/dL), pH (6,1), produção total (98 mM), proporções molares de acetato (66,4%), propionato (20%) e butirato (13%) e para razão acetato: propionato...
One evaluated the inclusion of lipids from either the sunflower grains or protected fat in high-concentrated diets for lambs on nutrients digestibility and nitrogen balance. 12 lambs were used (average weight of 25 kg) in randomly assigned design, were totally collected excrete. The fermentation ruminal was accomplished using six sheep (average weight of 30 kg) with fistula in the rumen, distributed in double Latin Square design with three diets and three periods, were sample contents and ruminal incubations for evaluation of pH, ammonia, short chain fat acids, microbial mass .and ingredients degradability. The performance in feedlot with compensatory gain was achieve using 36 lambs (average weight of 18 kg), were randomly assigned in factorial scheme (3 diets X 2 feeding handlings). One could not associate any etfects of the diet with the dry matter digestibility (67.3%), crude protein digestibility (72.1 %), total carbohydrates (60.9%) and no fiber carbohydrate (93.7%), as well as for nitrogen balance, that results in an average nitrogen intake value of 36.1 g/day, retention value of 17.5 g/day and a 66.9% retained/absorbed relation. There were no significant differences among the diets for ruminal ammonium concentration (18 mg/dL), pH (6.1), total production short chain fat acids (98 mM), acetate molar proportion (66.4%), propionate (20%) and butyrate (13%) and neither for the acetate:propionate ratio (3.2: 1 ). During the initial feedlot period, the weight gain was superior (p<0.05) when the animais were fed the.sunflower grains ration (280 g/day) in relation when they were fed protected fat ration (208 g/day), no apparent difference (p>0.05) was detected in comparison to the control diet... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Assis, Adriano Martimbianco de. "Efeitos da dieta hieperlipídica aquecida e dieta hiperlipídica normal na formação de produtos finais de glicação avançada e de espécies reativas de oxigênio em ratos Wistar". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/18198.
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O dano ao ADN pode estar associado com o diabetes mellitus tipo II (T2DM) e suas complicações, incluindo estresse oxidativo. Os parâmetros bioquímicos relacionados com o metabolismo glicídico (glicose, insulina, TTG e TSI) e parâmetros corporais (peso corporal, tecido adiposo) foram avaliados após 12 meses de tratamento com dieta hiperlipídica e dieta hiperlipídica aquecida. Após o período experimental, os ratos tratados com dietas hiperlipídicas obtiveram aumento de peso corporal e aumento de glicemia e insulinemia quando comparado ao grupo controle normolipídico. A dieta hiperlipídica (HFD) e a dieta hiperlipídica aquecida (HFTD) também levaram a uma redução na sensibilidade à insulina e na tolerância à glicose, independentemente dos tempos estudados. Interessantemente, somente os animais submetidos à dieta aquecida demonstraram redução na oxidação de glicose pelo tecido adiposo epididimal. Mostramos que ambas as dietas hiperlipídicas tem a capacidade de reduzir a síntese de glicogênio pelas vias, direta e indireta. A dieta aquecida acarretou um aumento significativo na peroxidação lipídica no fígado em relação aos demais grupos. Utilizando o ensaio cometa, verificamos um aumento significativo de dano ao ADN em sangue e hipocampo dos ratos submetidos às dietas hiperlipídicas, tendo o grupo HFTD aumento maior em relação ao HFD. Estes resultados sugerem que uma correlação positiva entre dieta hiperlipídica, alteração no metabolismo glicídico, estresse oxidativo e dano ao ADN. Contudo, o aquecimento da dieta parece agravar tais resultados.Many studies have demonstrated that DNA damage may be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of the potential relationship between fat (thermolyzed) intake, glucose dyshomeostasis and DNA injury in rats. Biochemical parameters related to glucose metabolism (i.e., blood glucose levels, insulin tolerance tests, glucose tolerance tests and fat cell glucose oxidation) and general health parameters (i.e., body weight, retroperitoneal and epididymal adipose tissue) were evaluated in rats after a 12-month treatment with either a high fat or a high thermolyzed fat diet. The high fat diet (HFD) and high fat thermolyzed diet (HFTD) showed increased body weight and impaired insulin sensitivity at the studied time-points in insulin tolerance test (ITT) and glucose tolerance test (GTT). Interestingly, only animals subjected to the HFTD diet showed decreased epididymal fat cell glucose oxidation. We show which high fat diets have the capacity to reduce glycogen synthesis by direct and indirect pathways. HFTD promoted an increase in lipid peroxidation in the liver, demonstrating significant damage in lipids in relation to other groups. Blood and hippocampus DNA damage was significantly higher in animals subjected to HFDs, and the highest damage was observed in animals from the HFTD group. Striatum DNA damage was significantly higher in animals subjected to HFDs, compared with the control group. These results show a positive correlation between high fat diet, glucose dyshomeostasis, oxidative stress and DNA damage.
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Camargo, Marinei Cristina Pereira Ribeiro. "Alterações metabólicas induzidas pelo consumo de dietas hiperlipídicas ou hiperglicídicas associadas à hidroclorotiazida: possível papel protetor do disseleneto de difenila em ratos". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/19100.
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As dietas suplementadas com lipídios e/ou frutose têm sido associadas com o estresse oxidativo, a resistência à insulina e ao desenvolvimento da Síndrome Metabólica. Os diuréticos tiazídicos, como a hidroclorotiazida (HCTZ) são, frequentemente, usados por pacientes com esses distúrbios para o tratamento da hipertensão, mas também podem exacerbar essas alterações metabólicas. Então, com intenção de desenvolver um modelo animal para o estudo dos efeitos adversos da HCTZ, o objetivo desse trabalho foi investigar se a associação entre uma dieta hiperlipídica (HF) ou hiperglicídica (HFD) e o tratamento com hidroclorotiazida (HCTZ) produz uma influência sinérgica negativa na homeostase da glicose e em outros parâmetros bioquímicos associados ao desenvolvimento do Diabetes Mellitus (DM) tipo 2. Além disso, também foi avaliado se o disseleneto de difenila (PhSe)2, um composto orgânico de selênio com propriedades antioxidantes, poderia reduzir as alterações metabólicas induzidas pelo consumo crônico da dieta hiperglicídica e/ou HCTZ. No modelo animal de alterações metabólicas induzidas pela dieta HF e/ou HCTZ, os ratos foram alimentados por 16 semanas com uma dieta controle ou com uma dieta HF, ambas suplementadas com diferentes doses de HCTZ (0,4; 1,0 e 4,0 g/kg de dieta). A HCTZ associada com uma dieta HF causou um aumento nos níveis de glicemia, frutosamina e também na peroxidação lipídica no tecido hepático e cerebral. Além disso, a ingestão da dieta HF foi associada com um aumento nos níveis de peroxidação lipídica cerebral, vitamina C e grupos tióis não-protéico (NPSH). Houve um aumento nos níveis de vitamina C e NPSH nos grupos tratados com HCTZ (1,0 e 4,0 g/kg) e HCTZ associada com dieta HF. A atividade da Na+-K+-ATPase foi inibida no cérebro dos animais tratados com HCTZ (4,0 g/kg) e HCTZ associada com a dieta HF. A ingestão de HCTZ e dieta HF produziram uma redução nos níveis de magnésio e potássio, bem como um aumento na peroxidação lipídica e vitamina C no fígado. Nesse contexto, a associação de HCTZ com a dieta HF causou uma exacerbação nos parâmetros bioquímicos relacionados à homeostase da glicose (particularmente, uma acentuada redução de magnésio) e um maior aumento no estresse oxidativo hepático e cerebral. Os dados indicam que a ingestão crônica de doses elevadas de HCTZ (4,0 g/kg) ou de uma dieta HF altera os índices bioquímicos de estresse oxidativo no cérebro de ratos. Assim, os resultados sugerem que a ingestão crônica de HCTZ ou dieta HF causa alterações metabólicas relacionadas à homeostase da glicose e que a associação de uma dieta HF com o tratamento com HCTZ pode exacerbar algumas dessas alterações bioquímicas. Portanto, pode-se sugerir que este modelo experimental pode ser usado para o estudo dos efeitos adversos da HCTZ. No modelo experimental de alterações bioquímicas causadas pela ingestão de dieta hiperglicídica e/ou HCTZ, os ratos foram alimentados com uma dieta controle (CT) ou com uma dieta enriquecida com frutose (HFD), ambas suplementadas com HCTZ (4,0 g/kg) e/ou (PhSe)2 (3 ppm) durante 18 semanas. A HFD causou um aumento nos níveis de glucose, frutosamina, triglicerídios e colesterol dos animais, os quais não foram restaurados ao nível do controle pela suplementação com (PhSe)2 ou potencializado pela HCTZ. No entanto, os níveis de colesterol e triglicerídios foram menores nos grupos que receberam HFD ou HCTZ suplementados com (PhSe)2 . A ingestão de HCTZ causou uma redução na atividade da catalase (CAT) hepática e da superóxido dismutase (SOD) renal, as quais foram restauradas pela suplementação com (PhSe)2. No fígado, o (PhSe)2 também foi efetivo no aumento dos níveis de vitamina C reduzidos pela ingestão de HFD e HFD associada a HCTZ. Além disso, o (PhSe)2 aumentou per se a atividade de SOD hepática e renal e reduziu a oxidação de lipídios e proteínas causada pela HCTZ associada ou não com a ingestão de HFD. A associação entre HFD e HCTZ causou uma redução nos níveis de potássio e exacerbou a hipomagnesemia e a hipertrigliceridemia induzidas pela HCTZ. Esses resultados sugerem que algumas alterações bioquímicas podem ser potencializadas pela ingestão simultânea de HCTZ e HFD. Esses dados também demonstraram que a suplementação com (PhSe)2 reduz os distúrbios metabólicos relacionados com o estresse oxidativo e que esse composto pode ser considerado um agente promissor para o tratamento dos distúrbios metabólicos induzidos pela HFD e pela HCTZ devido às suas propriedades antioxidantes.High fat and/or high fructose diets have been associated with oxidative stress, insulin resistance and Metabolic Syndrome development. Thiazide diuretics, such as hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) are frequently used by patients with these disorders for treatment of hypertension, but they also can exacerbate these metabolic disturbances. Thus, in an attempt to develop a rodent model to study the adverse effects of HCTZ, the objective of this work was to investigate whether an association between a high fat (HF) or highfructose diet (HFD) and HCTZ treatment produces a negative synergic influence on glucose homeostasis and in other biochemical parameters associated to type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) development. Moreover, also was evaluated whether dietary diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)2, a organoselenium compound with antioxidant properties, could reduce the metabolic alterations induced by chronic consumption of diets enriched with fructose and/or HCTZ. In animal model of metabolic alterations induced by HF diet and/or HCTZ, rats were fed for 16 weeks with a control diet or with an HF, both supplemented with different doses of HCTZ (0.4, 1.0, and 4.0 g/kg of diet). HCTZ associated with an HF diet caused an increase in blood glucose, fructosamine and lipid peroxidation levels in hepatic and cerebral tissues. In addition, HF ingestion was associated with an increase in cerebral lipid peroxidation, vitamin C and non-protein thiol groups (NPSH) levels. There was an increase in vitamin C as well as NPSH levels in HCTZ (1.0 and 4.0 g/kg of diet) and HF plus HCTZ groups. Cerebral Na+-K+-ATPase activity of HCTZ (4.0 g/kg of diet) and HCTZ plus HF-fed animals was inhibited. The intake of HCTZ and HF diet produced a reduction in magnesium and potassium levels as well as an increase in lipid peroxidation and vitamin C in liver. Importantly, the association of HCTZ with HF diet caused additional worsening of biochemical parameters related to glucose homeostasis (particularly accentuated magnesium depletion) and further increase in oxidative stress in hepatic and cerebral tissues. The data indicate that chronic intake of a high dose of HCTZ (4.0 g/kg of diet) or HF change biochemical indexes of oxidative stress in rat brain. Thus, results suggest that chronic intake of HCTZ or HF diet causes metabolic changes related to glucose homeostasis and that the association of HF diet and HCTZ treatment can exacerbate some of these biochemical alterations. Therefore, we can suggest that this experimental model can be used for studying the adverse effects of HCTZ. On experimental models of biochemical alterations caused by fructose and\or HCTZ intake, rats were fed with a control diet (CT) or with a high fructose diet (HFD), both supplemented with HCTZ (4.0 g/kg) and/or diphenyl diselenide (3 ppm) for 18 weeks. HFD diets caused an increase in the levels of glucose, fructosamine, triglycerides and cholesterol of animals, which were not restored to control levels by (PhSe)2 supplementation or potentiated by HCTZ. However, the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides were lower in the groups that received HFD or HCTZ diet supplemented with (PhSe)2. The ingestion of HCTZ caused a decrease in hepatic catalase (CAT) and renal superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, which were restored by (PhSe)2 supplementation. In liver, diphenyl diselenide was also effective in increasing vitamin C levels reduced by HFD and HFD plus HCTZ intake. Indeed, the compound increased per se hepatic and renal SOD activity and reduced the oxidation of the lipids and proteins caused by HCTZ associated or not with HFD intake. Furthermore, the association between HFD and HCTZ caused a decrease in potassium levels and aggravated the hypomagnesemia and the hypertriglyceridemia HCTZ-induced. Theses findings suggest that some biochemical changes can be aggravated by ingestion simultaneous of HCTZ and HFD diet. In addition, data also demonstrate that (PhSe)2 supplementation reduces metabolic disorders linked to oxidative stress and that this compound can be considered a promising agent for treatment of metabolic disturbances HFD and HCTZ-induced, via its antioxidant properties.
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Santos, KÃssia Moreira. "Sebo bovino e emulsificante na dieta de suÃnos em crescimento e terminaÃÃo". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=13245.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorForam realizados dois ensaios para determinar a composiÃÃo quÃmica e a energia metabolizÃvel do sebo bovino e para avaliar este ingrediente como fonte lipÃdica alternativa em raÃÃes para suÃnos nas fases de crescimento e terminaÃÃo com ou sem a adiÃÃo de emulsificante, sobre o desempenho, digestibilidade dos nutrientes das raÃÃes, triacilglicerÃis sÃricos, caracterÃsticas de carcaÃa e avaliaÃÃo econÃmica. Para o ensaio de metabolismo foram utilizados 15 suÃnos machos castrados de peso inicial de 22,03Â0,62 kg que foram distribuÃdos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, pelo mÃtodo de coleta total de fezes e urina. Os tratamentos foram: RR â raÃÃo referÃncia, formulada a base de milho e farelo de soja; RT1 â raÃÃo teste composta por 95% da raÃÃo referÃncia e 5% de sebo bovino e RT2 â raÃÃo teste composta de 90% de raÃÃo referÃncia e 10% de sebo bovino. O sebo bovino apresentou 99,94% de matÃria seca e 7130,97 kcal de energia metabolizÃvel (EM)/kg. Para o ensaio de desempenho foram utilizados 30 suÃnos machos castrados com peso inicial de 24,85Â1,18 kg, distribuÃdos no delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos e seis repetiÃÃes de um animal. Os tratamentos diferiram quanto à fonte lipÃdica incluÃda, nÃvel de EM e adiÃÃo do emulsificante, sendo: T1 â dieta com inclusÃo de Ãleo de soja e 3230 kcal de EM/kg; T2 â dieta com inclusÃo de sebo bovino e 3230 kcal de EM/kg; T3 â dieta com inclusÃo de sebo bovino e 3080 kcal de EM/kg; T4 â dieta com inclusÃo de sebo bovino, 3080 kcal de EM/kg e adiÃÃo de 0,1% emulsificante; T5 â dieta com inclusÃo de sebo bovino, 2930 kcal de EM/kg e adiÃÃo de 0,1% de emulsificante. NÃo houve efeito dos tratamentos sobre as variÃveis de consumo de raÃÃo e ganho diÃrio de peso em todas as fases avaliadas. Entretanto, observou-se que houve diferenÃa significativa para a conversÃo alimentar no crescimento II e na terminaÃÃo, onde os animais alimentados com a raÃÃo contendo sebo bovino e reduÃÃo na energia para 3080 kcal/kg (T3) e para 2930 kcal/kg com adiÃÃo de emulsificante (T5) apresentaram pior conversÃo alimentar. NÃo houve diferenÃa significativa (P>0,05) para os nÃveis de triacilglicerÃis no sangue e para as caracterÃsticas de carcaÃas (peso, rendimento e comprimento de carcaÃa, quantidade e percentual de carne magra, espessura de toicinho, profundidades de lombo e de gordura, Ãreas do olho de lombo e da gordura e relaÃÃo gordura carne). Dependendo do valor energÃtico, o sebo bovino pode substituir o Ãleo de soja como fonte lipÃdica em raÃÃes para suÃnos nas fases de crescimento e terminaÃÃo. A reduÃÃo em 150 kcal de EM/kg da raÃÃo com uso de sebo bovino pode ser compensada com a adiÃÃo de emulsificante.
This study aimed to determine the chemical and metabolizable energy of beef tallow and evaluate this feedstuff as an alternative lipid source in diets for growing and finishing pigs with or without emulsifier addition, on performance, digestibility of the nutrients, serum triacylglycerols, carcass characteristics and economic evaluation. For the metabolism assay a total of 15 barrows were used with an initial weight of 22.03 Â 0.62 kg and distributed in a completely randomized design, using the total of feces and urine method. The treatments were: RR - basal diet, formulated based on corn and soybean meal; RT1 - ration test comprised 95% of basal diet and 5% beef tallow and RT2 - test diet composed of 90% of basal diet and 10% beef tallow. The beef tallow showed 99.94% of dry matter and 7130.97 kcal of metabolizable energy (ME)/kg. To test the performance, a total of 30 barrows with an initial weight of 24.85 Â 1.18 kg were distributed in a randomized block design with five treatments and six repetitions of an animal. The treatments differed in fat source included, level of ME and addition of emulsifier, as much: T1 - diet with soybean oil and 3230 kcal ME/kg; T2 - diet with beef tallow and 3230 kcal ME/kg; T3 - diet with beef tallow and 3080 kcal ME/kg; T4 - diet with beef tallow, 3080 kcal ME/kg and addition of 0.1% of emulsifier; T5 - diet with beef tallow, 2930 kcal ME/kg and addition of 0.1% of emulsifier. It was not observed effects on variables of feed intake and average daily gain in all phases. However, it was observed that there was a significant difference in feed conversion in growing II and finishing phase; animals fed the diet containing beef tallow and reduction in energy to 3080 kcal ME/kg (T3) and 2930 kcal ME/kg with emulsifier (T5) presented worse feed conversion. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) among levels of triglycerides in the blood and carcass characteristics (weight, yield and carcass length, amount and percentage of lean meat, backfat thickness, loin depth and fat depth, loin eye area and fat area and meat/fat ratio). Depending on the energy level, beef tallow can replace soybean oil as a lipid source in diets for pigs during the growing and finishing phases. The reduction of metabolizable energy at 150 kcal/kg with the use of beef tallow can to be compensated with the addition of emulsifier.
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Santos, Kássia Moreira. "Sebo bovino e emulsificante na dieta de suínos em crescimento e terminação". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2014. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/18786.
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SANTOS, Kássia Moreira. Sebo bovino e emulsificante na dieta de suínos em crescimento e terminação. 2014. 43 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Zootecnia, Fortaleza-CE, 2014Submitted by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-08-02T13:12:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_kmsantos.pdf: 490581 bytes, checksum: 564e4ee99c250be2753b821f893f9b95 (MD5)
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This study aimed to determine the chemical and metabolizable energy of beef tallow and evaluate this feedstuff as an alternative lipid source in diets for growing and finishing pigs with or without emulsifier addition, on performance, digestibility of the nutrients, serum triacylglycerols, carcass characteristics and economic evaluation. For the metabolism assay a total of 15 barrows were used with an initial weight of 22.03 ± 0.62 kg and distributed in a completely randomized design, using the total of feces and urine method. The treatments were: RR - basal diet, formulated based on corn and soybean meal; RT1 - ration test comprised 95% of basal diet and 5% beef tallow and RT2 - test diet composed of 90% of basal diet and 10% beef tallow. The beef tallow showed 99.94% of dry matter and 7130.97 kcal of metabolizable energy (ME)/kg. To test the performance, a total of 30 barrows with an initial weight of 24.85 ± 1.18 kg were distributed in a randomized block design with five treatments and six repetitions of an animal. The treatments differed in fat source included, level of ME and addition of emulsifier, as much: T1 - diet with soybean oil and 3230 kcal ME/kg; T2 - diet with beef tallow and 3230 kcal ME/kg; T3 - diet with beef tallow and 3080 kcal ME/kg; T4 - diet with beef tallow, 3080 kcal ME/kg and addition of 0.1% of emulsifier; T5 - diet with beef tallow, 2930 kcal ME/kg and addition of 0.1% of emulsifier. It was not observed effects on variables of feed intake and average daily gain in all phases. However, it was observed that there was a significant difference in feed conversion in growing II and finishing phase; animals fed the diet containing beef tallow and reduction in energy to 3080 kcal ME/kg (T3) and 2930 kcal ME/kg with emulsifier (T5) presented worse feed conversion. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) among levels of triglycerides in the blood and carcass characteristics (weight, yield and carcass length, amount and percentage of lean meat, backfat thickness, loin depth and fat depth, loin eye area and fat area and meat/fat ratio). Depending on the energy level, beef tallow can replace soybean oil as a lipid source in diets for pigs during the growing and finishing phases. The reduction of metabolizable energy at 150 kcal/kg with the use of beef tallow can to be compensated with the addition of emulsifier.
Foram realizados dois ensaios para determinar a composição química e a energia metabolizável do sebo bovino e para avaliar este ingrediente como fonte lipídica alternativa em rações para suínos nas fases de crescimento e terminação com ou sem a adição de emulsificante, sobre o desempenho, digestibilidade dos nutrientes das rações, triacilgliceróis séricos, características de carcaça e avaliação econômica. Para o ensaio de metabolismo foram utilizados 15 suínos machos castrados de peso inicial de 22,03±0,62 kg que foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, pelo método de coleta total de fezes e urina. Os tratamentos foram: RR – ração referência, formulada a base de milho e farelo de soja; RT1 – ração teste composta por 95% da ração referência e 5% de sebo bovino e RT2 – ração teste composta de 90% de ração referência e 10% de sebo bovino. O sebo bovino apresentou 99,94% de matéria seca e 7130,97 kcal de energia metabolizável (EM)/kg. Para o ensaio de desempenho foram utilizados 30 suínos machos castrados com peso inicial de 24,85±1,18 kg, distribuídos no delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos e seis repetições de um animal. Os tratamentos diferiram quanto à fonte lipídica incluída, nível de EM e adição do emulsificante, sendo: T1 – dieta com inclusão de óleo de soja e 3230 kcal de EM/kg; T2 – dieta com inclusão de sebo bovino e 3230 kcal de EM/kg; T3 – dieta com inclusão de sebo bovino e 3080 kcal de EM/kg; T4 – dieta com inclusão de sebo bovino, 3080 kcal de EM/kg e adição de 0,1% emulsificante; T5 – dieta com inclusão de sebo bovino, 2930 kcal de EM/kg e adição de 0,1% de emulsificante. Não houve efeito dos tratamentos sobre as variáveis de consumo de ração e ganho diário de peso em todas as fases avaliadas. Entretanto, observou-se que houve diferença significativa para a conversão alimentar no crescimento II e na terminação, onde os animais alimentados com a ração contendo sebo bovino e redução na energia para 3080 kcal/kg (T3) e para 2930 kcal/kg com adição de emulsificante (T5) apresentaram pior conversão alimentar. Não houve diferença significativa (P>0,05) para os níveis de triacilgliceróis no sangue e para as características de carcaças (peso, rendimento e comprimento de carcaça, quantidade e percentual de carne magra, espessura de toicinho, profundidades de lombo e de gordura, áreas do olho de lombo e da gordura e relação gordura carne). Dependendo do valor energético, o sebo bovino pode substituir o óleo de soja como fonte lipídica em rações para suínos nas fases de crescimento e terminação. A redução em 150 kcal de EM/kg da ração com uso de sebo bovino pode ser compensada com a adição de emulsificante.
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Corrêa, Camila Fernandes. "Fontes de ácidos graxos da dieta no desempenho da tilápia-do-nilo em temperatura ótima e subótima". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2015. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/158428.
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Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Aquicultura, Florianópolis, 2015.Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-15T14:52:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 336716.pdf: 1806665 bytes, checksum: 75fc53c31c6580fee3342e043c32389d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
As tilápias, entre elas a tilápia-do-Nilo, têm importante contribuição na aquicultura mundial e brasileira. A grande disseminação da sua criação se deve à boa produtividade em diversos sistemas e condições climáticas. O desafio é manter a alta produtividade em clima subtropical, como na região sudeste e sul brasileira, onde se concentra mais da metade da sua produção. Neste sentido, a nutrição e a formulação de rações específicas podem ser uma importante ferramenta. Ainda há muitas lacunas em relação à exigência em ácidos graxos para tilápias, principalmente em temperatura subótima fria, onde seu papel na manutenção da fluidez das membranas celulares é fundamental. Foram propostos dois estudos sobre fontes de ácidos graxos dietéticos para a tilápia-do-Nilo mantida em diferentes temperaturas. No primeiro estudo, juvenis de tilápia foram alimentados com cinco dietas com diferentes óleos (peixe, linhaça, girassol, oliva e coco), em dois ensaios, de 9 e 12 semanas, respectivamente, em temperatura ótima (28°C) e subótima (22°C). No segundo estudo, três misturas dos óleos vegetais foram formuladas para mimetizar as classes de ácidos graxos do óleo de peixe e serem comparadas a este, com variação apenas na proporção n-3/n-6 dos ácidos graxos poli-insaturados (PUFA), nas mesmas condições do estudo anterior. No primeiro estudo, as dietas não influenciaram o crescimento das tilápias a 28°C, mas a 22°C os melhores resultados ocorreram com o óleo de peixe, linhaça ou girassol, ricos em PUFA. O óleo de oliva, rico em ácidos graxos monoinsaturados, teve um efeito intermediário, enquanto o óleo de coco, rico em saturados, causou queda de desempenho a 22°C. No segundo estudo, em ambas temperaturas, as misturas de óleo vegetais proporcionaram pior crescimento que o óleo de peixe. Foi observado que, em geral, as dietas devem conter PUFA da série n-3 para o melhor aproveitamento do alimento pelos peixes. O perfil de ácidos graxos corporal foi influenciado pelas dietas e os efeitos positivos no desempenho coincidem com o maior acúmulo de PUFA. Os PUFA, principalmente os de cadeia longa, se mostraram importantes na adaptação da tilápia à temperatura mais baixa. Alguns óleos vegetais são boas fontes dietéticas de lipídios para a tilápia-do-Nilo. Entretanto, seus perfis de ácidos graxos devem ser considerados para manutenção do desempenho, sobretudo em temperatura subótima fria.
Libros sobre el tema "Lipidos de la dieta"
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Sabatés, Ricardo J. La dieta preventiva. Miami, Fla: Institute of Preventive Medicine, 1995.
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Jackowska, Wanda. Dieta wzmacniajaca pamięć. Warszawa: Prószyński i S-ka, 2006.
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Matthews, Carole. Dieta miłośniczek czekolady. Warszawa: HarperCollins Polska, 2015.
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Gurova, V. Kremlevskai︠a︡ dieta v detali︠a︡kh. Moskva: OLMA-Press Invest, 2006.
Buscar texto completoCapítulos de libros sobre el tema "Lipidos de la dieta"
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Gearin, Alex K. y Beatriz Caiuby Labate. "“La Dieta”". En The Expanding World Ayahuasca Diaspora, 177–98. New York : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Vitality of indigenous religions: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315227955-10.
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Cominacini, Luciano, Ulisse Garbin, Anna Davoli, Beatrice Cenci y Ottavio Bosello. "Lipids". En The Mediterranean Diets in Health and Disease, 195–218. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6497-9_10.
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Tacconi, Maria Teresa, Federico Calzi y Mario Salmona. "Brain lipids and diet." En Lipids, health, and behavior., 197–226. Washington: American Psychological Association, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10259-011.
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Paoletti, R., C. Bolego y A. Cignarella. "Lipid and Non-lipid Effects of Statins". En Atherosclerosis: Diet and Drugs, 365–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27661-0_13.
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Knowler, William C. "Optimal Diet for Glycemia and Lipids". En Nestlé Nutrition Workshop Series: Clinical & Performance Program, 97–105. Basel: KARGER, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000094428.
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Michael Allevato, Joseph y Imelda Allevato. "The Effects of Diet in Hyperlipidemia". En Lipid Management, 113–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11161-2_7.
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Cynshi, O. y R. Stocker. "Inhibition of Lipoprotein Lipid Oxidation". En Atherosclerosis: Diet and Drugs, 563–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27661-0_21.
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Ashley, Judith M. "Lipid Biomarkers of Adherence to Low Fat Diets". En Dietary Fats, Lipids, Hormones, and Tumorigenesis, 115–29. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1151-5_9.
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Okuni, M., S. Ryo, T. Fuchigami y U. Juen. "Diet and Serum Lipids in Japanese Children". En Pediatric Cardiology, 1186–88. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8598-1_315.
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Tautz, Jürgen. "La pappa reale — Una dieta personalizzata". En Il ronzio delle api, 143–60. Milano: Springer Milan, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0861-8_8.
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van Dam-Mieras, M. C. E., A. D. Muller y G. Hornstra. "DIETARY LIPIDS, INFECTION AND MACROPHAGE PROCOAGULANT ACTIVITY". En XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643398.
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It is generally accepted that the type of dietary fat influences arterial thrombosis and atherosclerosis. Although it is still largely unknown how the dietary lipid composition influences the process of atherogenesis, it is evident that several cell types are involved. Morphological evidence for the involvement of monocyte/macropages has been given.We described before that the dietary lipid composition has striking effects on the procoagulant activity of macrophages. When macrophages were isolated from the spleens of healthy rats the procoagulant activity slightly decreased during the first few hours after isolation, and reached a plateau value after 4 hours. When, however, macrophages were obtained from animals infected with a pneumona virus (PVM) different results were obtained:Experiments carried out with peripheral blood monocytes showed close resemblance to those described in the table.These results show that:- moncytes/macrophages isolated from PVM-infected animals increase their procoagulant activity during in vitro culture- the differences in macrophage procoagulant activity found in cells obtained from healthy animals fed diets containing different lipids no longer were found in PVM-infected animalsThis would implicate that the infection process has a more profound influence on macrophage procoagulant activity that the composition of the diet
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Agouni, Abdelali, Duck Y. Lee, Assaad A. Eid, Yves Gorin y Kumar Sharma. "The Protective Role of Sestrin2 in High Fat Diet-Induced Nephropathy". En Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0134.
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Introduction: Obesity is a major risk factor for type-2 diabetes predisposing patients to diabetic nephropathy (DN), the leading cause of end-stage renal failure. Glomerular injury is a prominent pathological feature of DN. Sestrin2 (Sesn2) is a stress-induced protein, but its role in DN has not been investigated. Therefore, we have determined the impact of Sesn2 deletion in a mouse model of obesityinduced nephropathy. Materials and methods: We examined the effects of Sesn2-deficiency in a longterm (22 weeks) mouse model of high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity on glomerular structure. The severity of renal injury and fibrosis in wild type (Sesn2+/+) mice (fed HFD or chow diets) was compared to that in Sesn2-deficient mice (Sesn2-/- ) fed HFD or chow diets. Animal work was carried out under an IACUC-approved protocol. Results: Data showed that Sesn2 ablation exacerbated HFD-induced glomerular fibrotic injury as evidenced by mesangial matrix hypertrophy and accumulation of both fibronectin and collagen IV. Western blot analysis revealed that HFD- or chow-fed Sesn2-/- mice exhibited higher protein expression of key lipogenic enzymes, fatty acid translocase CD36 (an indicator of lipid uptake), fatty acid synthase and ATP citrate lyase. Sesn2-deficiency in obese mice resulted in podocyte loss as indicated by reduced expression of synaptopodin. Glomerular lesions like those observed in HFD-fed wild-type mice were detected in Sesn2-/-mice fed a chow diet, indicating that the basal deletion of Sesn2 is deleterious by itself. Conclusions: We provide the first evidence that Sesn2 is renoprotective in obesity-induced nephropathy by diminishing lipid accumulation and blocking excessive lipid uptake and de novo lipid synthesis. Understanding the protective of Sesn2 should yield novel therapeutic interventions to effectively preserve glomerular function in obesity and diabetes.
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Sampaio, Letícia Pereira de Brito. "Dieta Cetogênica". En 2° Congresso Internacional Sabará de Especialidades Pediátricas. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/medpro-2cisep-015.
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Schaub, R. G. y F. P. Bell. "LIPID ACCUMULATION AND METABOLISM IN CARRAGEENAN-INDUCED GRANULOMAS COMPARED TO BLOOD MONOCYTES AND THE AORTA". En XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643410.
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Arteries undergoing atherogenic change show an increase in cholesteryl esterifying activity by acylCoA:cholesterol acetyl-transferase (ACAT) and a progressive accumulation of cholesterol esters within monocyte derived foam cells. The study of these factors, however, is limited by the necessity of obtaining artery tissues for analysis. In this study, an in vivo model (Am J Path 118:134 and 120:391, 1985) which permits the analysis of foam cell development without requiring collection of aortas was examined in more detail. New Zealand rabbits (6 each) were either maintained on a 1% cholesterol/peanut oil diet (HD) or a regular chow diet (RD) for 2 weeks after which each had 15 ml of a 1% carra-geenan gel (Marine Colloids) injected subcutaneously into the mid-abdominal area. The rabbits were maintained on their respective diets for an additional 4 weeks. At sacrifice, blood was collected for both serum and monocyte isolation. Granulomas and aortic arches were also excised. Tissues were assayed for lipid accumulation and metabolism. Electron and light microscopy was also performed on immersion fixed (1% glutaraldehyde) granuloma tissue. Granulomas of HD rabbits were pale yellow and averaged 36 grams, while RD granulomas were a pale red and averaged 11 grams (p less than 0.05). RD granulomas did not stain with oil red 0. HD granulomas had homogenous oil red 0 staining which indicated lipid accumulation. Both RD and HD granulomas had large numbers of macrophages. RD macrophages accumulated follicular carrageenan, but not lipid. In HD granulomas, foam cell development was observed. Granuloma lipid content and metabolism paralleled the aorta and blood monocytes. The HD tissue had increased ACAT activity and lipid composition changes indicative of atherosclerosis. RD granulomas had no elevation of lipid content or ACAT activity. The results suggest that the carrageenan-induced granulomas provides a useful model for studying the biochemical and morphologic changes characteristic of aortic monocyte-derived foam cells and the early arterial atherosclerotic process.
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Pereira, Ana Paula y Paloma Lisboa MendonÇa Fortunato. "Atividade Física, Obesidade e Dieta". En XXIII Congresso de Iniciação Científica da Unicamp. Campinas - SP, Brazil: Galoá, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.19146/pibic-2015-38201.
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Shimon, Naama, Orna Shaharabani-Yosef, Uri Zaretsky y Amit Gefen. "Adipocytes Respond to Mechanical Stretch by Producing More Lipids". En ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53057.
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Obesity is a leading preventable cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, with increasing prevalence in adults as well as in children [1]. Authorities often view obesity as one of the most serious public health problems of the 21st century. Treating obesity is aimed at decreasing the amount of excessive adipose tissue by changing the balance between intake and expenditure of energy, via physical exercise, diet control or both, under the assumption that if there are no hormonal disorders present, the obesity is caused by calorie consumption that is not counterbalanced by sufficient calorie burn.
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Jian, Wang, Lu Yungcai, Zhen Erzhen, Guo Zhaozheng y Shi Fang. "EFFECT OF LIPID PEROXIDES ON PROSTACYCLIN AND THROMBOXANE GENERATION IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC RABBITS". En XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643375.
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Rabbits feeding on atherogenic diet for 60 days resulted in high level of plasma lipid peroxides as well as extreme hypercholesterolemia. Both of them kept at high level until 35 days after atherogenic diet stopped. At the same time, as compared with the control group, plasma PGI2 level was remarkably decreased while TXA2 and platelet aggregability were increased. Atherosclerotic vessel walls contain high levels of lipid peroxides associated with decreased PGI2 and increased TXA2 generation. Atherosclerotic plaques had the highest level of lipid peroxides and TXA2 while PGI production was the least, as compared with non-plaque tissue of the same artery and the normal arteries. The condition of normal arteries was just reverse. It was concluded that the concurrent presence of lipid peroxidation products may be seriously considered when evaluating the hyperlipidemia as a cause of atherosclerosis, and the elevation of TXA2 generation in arteries might be taken into consideration when evaluating an imbalance of PGI2/TXA2 in plasma.
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Caroline Franzan, Bruna, Marina Monteiro de Moraes Santos, Ana Rúbia Pereira de Souza, Fernando Queiroz de Almeida y Vinícius Pimentel. "DIGESTIBILIDADE DOS NUTRIENTES DE DIETA COMPLETA EXTRUSADA". En SIMCAV 2021. ,: Even3, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29327/simcav2021.330061.
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Teixeira, Lilian Eckstein y Bruna Khun De Freitas. "ALIMENTOS DO FUTURO: ALTERAÇÕES NA DIETA ESSENCIAL". En II Congresso Brasileiro de Saúde On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/1427.
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Introdução: Devido a variados fatores globais, há a possibilidade de escassez de alimentos e desnutrição humana em poucos anos. Para tanto, surgem alimentos alternativos nutritivos, de fáceis cultivo e criação, além de serem facilmente encontrados na natureza: algas, larvas e insetos, que já são consumidos em vários países. Objetivo: Verificar a viabilidade de consumo de alimentos alternativos no futuro, na falta dos atuais alimentos convencionais. Material e métodos: A pesquisa trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, onde foram contemplados artigos científicos, disponíveis nas bases de dados virtuais em saúde: PubMed, MEDLIN e Google acadêmico, publicados entre os anos 2014 a 2021. A seleção dos artigos se deu por meio da utilização dos DeCS: “algas comestíveis”, “dieta de larvas de farinha”, “consumo de larvas e insetos”, “espirulina”, “insetos comestíveis” “alimentos do futuro” e “alimentos alternativos”, os mesmos termos em inglês e foram excluídos artigos que não consideravam o enfoque temático. Resultados: Diversas pesquisas indicam que o consumo dos alimentos tais como algas, larvas e insetos são consideravelmente aceitos, além de serem fontes de alto teor proteico, quantidade significativa de lipídios, vitaminas, minerais e fibras, necessários para a manutenção da vida humana e prevenção da desnutrição populacional. Nos testes realizados, demonstraram rápido crescimento no cultivo, podendo ser produzidos em larga escala (na aquicultura e em laboratórios próprios) ou facilmente encontrados na natureza. Conclusão: Os denominados alimentos do futuro ainda possuem resistência ao consumo por pequena parte da população mundial, mas já são amplamente consumidos em diversos países. Terão maior aceitabilidade futuramente, devido à provável carência de alimentos.
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Hassall, D. C., R. F. G. Booth, A. C. Honey y J. F. Martin. "EXTRAVASCULAR INJURY CAUSES FOAM CELL FORMATION, ACCUMULATION OF CHOLESTEROL (C) and CHOLESTEROL ESTER (CE) IN THE CAROTID ARTERY". En XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643414.
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In atherosclerotic arterial tissue, cholesterol is delivered to smooth muscle cells by low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and to macrophages via modified LDL. The reasons for accumulation of excess lipid are unknown although increased uptake of C and CE occurs in regions of arterial de-endothelialisation. We now report that the positioning of a silastic collar containing saline around the outside of arteries induces accumulation of C and CE within those tissues. 9 rabbits were separated into 3 groups, each group was fed a normal laboratory chow, 2 groups were supplemented with lg/day cholesterol; these rabbits were used for C and CE determinations. Three parallel groups of rabbits were set up for histological analysis. At day O, under anaesthesia, a silastic collar was* placed around the left carotid artery. The collar was filled with saline and carefully sealed without causing constriction of the vessel. The vessels were replaced and the animals allowed to recover. After 14 days the carotids from animals for C and CE determination were rapidly removed and divided up into a region from the middle of the collar, a region proximal to the collar and a distal region. The tissues were freeze clamped in liquid nitrogen and lipids extracted with C and CE determined for each region. The carotids for histological analysis were perfuse-fixed in situ and similarly subdivided.We conclude 1) Animals fed high cholesterol accumulate more C than CE within arterial tissue, furthermore this accumulation is greater than in animals fed a normal diet 2) In both normal diet and high cholesterol fed animals an enhanced accumulation of C + CE occurs within arteries with a collar 3) CE appears to be preferentially accumulated within the collar region.
Informes sobre el tema "Lipidos de la dieta"
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Soengas Pérez, X., AM López-Cepeda y J. Sixto-García. Dieta mediática, hábitos de consumo de noticias y desinformación en los universitarios españoles. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, junio de 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-2019-1371.
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Curb, Jesse D. Effects of Diet High in Palmitoleic Acid on Serum Lipid Levels and Metabolism. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, julio de 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada378755.
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Xiao, Shan, Wan Gang Zhang, Eun Joo Lee y Dong U. Ahn. Effects of Diet, Packaging and Irradiation on Protein Oxidation, Lipid Oxidation of Raw Broiler Thigh Meat. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, enero de 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-728.
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Sánchez Álvarez, Carlos, Anaiane Pereira Souza y Julián Andrés Castillo Vargas. Respuesta productiva de porcinos (pietrain × landrace) alimentados con una dieta compuesta de harina de maíz y girasol (66:34) frente a un concentrado comercial. Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, diciembre de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/ecapma.4048.
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Contextualización: la alimentación representa entre el 60 y 70% de los costos de un sistema de producción animal. Vacio del conocimiento: por lo tanto, se hace necesario el diseño de estrategias nutricionales de bajo costo y directamente en la propiedad para superar esta limitación. Propósito del estudio: el objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar las respuestas productivas de un concentrado experimental compuesto por harina de maíz y harina girasol (66:34) y la de un concentrado comercial, para la alimentación de cerdos en crecimiento. Metodología: fueron usados 10 machos castrados y cruzados Pietrain × Landrace de 12 kg de peso vivo inicial, los cuales fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente en dos grupos de 5 animales: el primer grupo fue sometido a una dieta control (DC, uso de concentrado comercial) y el segundo a una dieta experimental (DE, concentrado formado por 66% de harina de maíz y 34% de harina de girasol, preparado directamente en la propiedad). La comparación entre tratamientos se realizó usando un diseño completamente al azar mediante el paquete estadístico SAS y el nivel de significancia adoptado fue de P<0,05. Resultados y conclusiones: no se encontró diferencia estadística entre la dieta comercial (DC) y la experimental (DE) para el peso vivo (PV) inicial medio (DC = 12,2 vs DE = 12,1 kg; P = 0,388), sin embargo, si hubo diferencia para el PV final medio (DC = 65,5 vs DE = 62,9 kg; P < 0,01) y consumo díario de alimento (DC = 2,12 vs DE = 2,08 kg/día). El PV presentó una dinámica de aumento semejante entre las dos dietas en función del tiempo. Hubo diferencia estadística entre las dietas mencionadas para la ganancia diaria de peso (GDP; DC = 0,393 vs DE = 0,383 kg/día; P = 0,022), pero no para el índice de conversión alimentar (ICA; DC = 5,39 vs DE = 5,43; P = 0,545) entre los dos grupos de tratamientos. Por lo tanto, considerando los resultados anteriores, se puede concluir que el uso de una relación harina de maíz: harina de girasol (66:34) no genera respuestas productivas iguales o superiores a la alternativa comercial.
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Alimenta tu cerebro con una dieta saludable: Infografía. Global Council on Brain Health, julio de 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/pia.00019.003.
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