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Literatura académica sobre el tema "LITHOTRIPSY/methods"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 13 de febrero de 2022

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "LITHOTRIPSY/methods"

Veld, Joyce, Nadine van Huijgevoort, Marja Boermeester, Marc Besselink, Otto van Delden, Paul Fockens y Jeanin van Hooft. "A systematic review of advanced endoscopy-assisted lithotripsy for retained biliary tract stones: laser, electrohydraulic or extracorporeal shock wave". Endoscopy 50, n.º 09 (10 de julio de 2018): 896–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0637-8806.

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Abstract Background When conventional endoscopic treatment of bile duct stones is impossible or fails, advanced endoscopy-assisted lithotripsy can be performed by electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL), laser lithotripsy, or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). No systematic review has compared efficacy and safety between these techniques. Methods A systematic search was performed in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE for studies investigating EHL, laser lithotripsy, and ESWL in patients with retained biliary tract stones. Results After screening 795 studies, 32 studies with 1969 patients undergoing EHL (n = 277), laser lithotripsy (n = 426) or ESWL (n = 1266) were included. No randomized studies were available. Although each advanced lithotripsy technique appeared to be highly effective, laser lithotripsy had a higher complete ductal clearance rate (95.1 %) than EHL (88.4 %) and ESWL (84.5 %; P < 0.001). In addition, a higher stone fragmentation rate was reported for laser lithotripsy (92.5 %) than for EHL (75.5 %) and ESWL (89.3 %; P < 0.001). The post-procedural complication rate was significantly higher for patients treated with EHL (13.8 %) than for patients treated with ESWL (8.4 %) or laser lithotripsy (9.6 %; P = 0.04). Data on the recurrence rate of the biliary tract stones were lacking. Conclusion This systematic review revealed that laser lithotripsy appeared to be the most successful advanced endoscopy-assisted lithotripsy technique for retained biliary tract stones, although randomized studies are lacking.

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Abedi, Amir Reza, Mohammad Reza Razzaghi, Farzad Allameh, Fereshte Aliakbari, Morteza FallahKarkan y Arash Ranjbar. "Pneumatic Lithotripsy Versus Laser Lithotripsy for Ureteral Stones". Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences 9, n.º 4 (17 de septiembre de 2018): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/jlms.2018.42.

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Introduction: Several different modalities are available for ureteral stone fragmentation. From them pneumatic and holmium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Ho: YAG) lithotripsy have supportive outcomes. In this study we studied 250 subjects who had ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy (PL) or laser lithotripsy (LL). Methods: Two-hundred fifty patients with ureteral stones underwent ureteroscopic lithotripsy (115 subjects in the PL group, 135 subjects in the LL group) from August 2010 to April 2016. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate stone-free rate (SFR), mean operation time (MOT), mean hospital stay (MHS), stone migration and complications. Results: Two groups were similar in age, gender, mean size of stones, side of stone, and complications. There was a statistical difference in terms of SFR, stone migration and MHS in favor of the LL group (P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.05 respectively), and MOT in favor of the PL group (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Both the PL and LL techniques were effective and safe for ureteral stones, however a slightly higher SFR was found in the LL group.

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Pardalidis, N., C. Tsiamis, A. Diamantis, N. Andriopoulos y N. Sofikitis. "Methods of Lithotripsy in Ancient Greece and Byzantium". Journal of Urology 178, n.º 4 (octubre de 2007): 1182–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2007.05.124.

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Angsuwatcharakon, Phonthep, Santi Kulpatcharapong, Wiriyaporn Ridtitid, Chaloemphon Boonmee, Panida Piyachaturawat, Pradermchai Kongkam, Wattana Pareesri y Rungsun Rerknimitr. "Digital cholangioscopy-guided laser versus mechanical lithotripsy for large bile duct stone removal after failed papillary large-balloon dilation: a randomized study". Endoscopy 51, n.º 11 (20 de febrero de 2019): 1066–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0848-8373.

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Abstract Background Endoscopic papillary large-balloon dilation (EPLBD) allows for the complete removal of large common bile duct (CBD) stones without fragmentation; however, a significant proportion of very large stones and stones floating above a tapering CBD require lithotripsy. Mechanical lithotripsy and cholangioscopy-guided laser lithotripsy are both effective for stone fragmentation. This study aimed to directly compare, for the first time, the efficacy of these two techniques in terms of stone clearance rate, procedure duration, patient radiation exposure, and safety. Methods 32 patients with very large CBD stones or with stones floating above a tapering CBD, and in whom extraction after standard sphincterotomy and/or EPLBD had failed, were randomly assigned to mechanical lithotripsy or cholangioscopy-guided laser lithotripsy at two tertiary referral centers. Crossover was allowed as a rescue treatment if the assigned technique failed. Results Patients’ demographic data were not different between the two groups. Mechanical lithotripsy had a significantly lower stone clearance rate in the first session compared with laser lithotripsy (63% vs. 100%; P < 0.01). Laser lithotripsy rescued 60% of patients with failed mechanical lithotripsy by achieving complete stone clearance within the same session. Radiation exposure of patients was significantly higher in the mechanical lithotripsy group than in the laser lithotripsy group (40 745 vs. 20 989 mGycm2; P = 0.04). Adverse events (13% vs. 6%; P = 0.76) and length of hospital stay (1 vs. 1 day; P = 0.27) were not different. Conclusions Although mechanical lithotripsy is the standard of care for a very large CBD stone after failed EPLBD, where available, cholangioscopy-guided laser lithotripsy is considered the better option for the treatment of this entity as it provides a higher success rate and lower radiation exposure.

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Yassin, Musaab, Abigail Cressey, Louise Goldsmith, Ben Turney y John Reynard. "Emergency “Hot” Shock Wave Lithotripsy". Journal of Endoluminal Endourology 3, n.º 2 (19 de mayo de 2020): e16-e19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22374/jeleu.v3i2.58.

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Ureteroscopy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) are two widely used methods for the treatment of ureteric and pelviureteric junction (PUJ) stones. ESWL remains the only non-invasive therapy modality for the treatment of urinary stones. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is a non-invasive, safe and effective treatment for urinary tract lithiasis Ureteroscopy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) are two widely used methods for the treatment of ureteric and pelviureteric junction (PUJ) stones. ESWL remains the only non-invasive therapy modality for the treatment of urinary stones. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is a non-invasive,safe and effective treatment for urinary tract lithiasis ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of emergency “hot” shock wave lithotripsy in treating symptomatic ureteric/ PUJ stones. Materials and MethodsA retrospective study looking at the emergency referrals for shock wave lithotripsy to the Churchill Hos-pital between June 2013 to Dec 2017. The Lithotripsy Database and patients’ electronic records were used to complete this project. Emergency referrals triaged by the on-call urology team and go through a renal colic clinic. ResultsIn total, 201 patients underwent emergency shock wave lithotripsy for ureteric/PUJ stones.The mean stone size was 7.7mm (SD 2.9). 12.4% (25) were PUJ, 45.3% (91) proximal and 42.3% (85) distal ureteric stones. 1% (2) were bilateral ureteric stones. 9% (18) had previous lithotripsy treatment before being referred.The number of shocks used was 4000 in 52.7%, >=3000 in 40.3%, >=2000 in 4.5% and >=1000 in 2.5%. The median shock frequency was 2 Hz. The median number of treatments for the targeted stone was 2. Stone fragmentation was visible in 27.4% (55), possible in 30.8% (62) and not visible in 41.8% (84).In terms of follow up, 48.3% (97) were discharged stone-free, while 17.4% (35) were discharged with residual fragments. 21.8% (44) had further clinic follow up while 12.4% (25) had no follow-up information available, possibly because they were referred from different hospitals. 19.9% (40) needed ureteroscopy, while 7% (14) needed further lithotripsy sessions. ConclusionsEmergency extracorporeal lithotripsy can be offered as an effective and safe treatment for patients with symptomatic stones.

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Wong, John, Raymond Tang, Anthony Teoh, Joseph Sung y James Lau. "Efficacy and safety of novel digital single-operator peroral cholangioscopy-guided laser lithotripsy for complicated biliary stones". Endoscopy International Open 05, n.º 01 (enero de 2017): E54—E58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-118701.

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Abstract Background/study aims Laser lithotripsy can effectively fragment complicated biliary stones, but current cholangioscopes are limited by fragility, restricted mobility or moderate visual resolution. The efficacy and safety of a new digital single-operator peroral cholangioscope to guide laser lithotripsy were evaluated. Patients and methods In this prospective single-center series, consecutive patients with complicated biliary stones, defined as impacted stones > 1.5 cm in size and wider than the more distal common bile duct, or stones that failed extraction by basket mechanical lithotripsy, underwent ERCP and SpyGlass DS peroral cholangioscope (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, United States)-guided laser lithotripsy. Stone clearance rate and incidence of adverse events were determined. Results Seventeen patients (10 men, 7 women; median age 76 years) with a median biliary stone size of 2 cm underwent predominantly holmium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser lithotripsy, achieving a 94 % stone clearance rate over 1 median procedure. Lithotripsy was performed in 8 of 17 patients due to an impacted biliary stone. The remaining patients underwent lithotripsy due to prior failure of the basket mechanical lithotripter to capture or crush their stones. Post lithotripsy, 2 patients developed cholangitis and 1 patient with underlying COPD developed respiratory distress, all resolved with conservative management. There were no hemobilia, perforations, pancreatitis nor any deaths. Conclusion SpyGlass DS peroral cholangioscopy-guided laser lithotripsy is an efficient and safe modality for management of complicated biliary stones.

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Jin, Hao, Jinrui Fan, Wei Li y Min Cui. "Percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopic lithotripsy using soft fiber-optic choledochoscope". Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie 57, n.º 10 (octubre de 2019): 1196–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0991-0747.

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AbstractMany patients with intrahepatic cholelithiasis need surgical treatment during their life. For patients with hepatolithiasis, conventional therapy methods suggest partial hepatectomy or hepatic transplantation, while both kinds of surgery carry a considerable risk and trauma. Under such conditions, percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopic lithotripsy provides an alternative method for hepatolithiasis treatment. Conventional rigid choledochoscope applied in percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopic lithotripsy often lack sufficient flexibility for complete intrahepatic bile duct inspection. In this article, we report a case of one patient with complex hepatolithiasis and choledocholithiasis who received percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopic lithotripsy using the newly-developed soft fiber-optic choledochoscope. This treatment represents a safe and effective outcome. We came to the conclusion that soft fiber-optic choledochoscope guided percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopic lithotripsy seems a promising treatment option for selected patients with hepatolithiasis, especially for those who cannot accept conventional methods.

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Wicaksono, Dillon Martino, Doddy Moesbadianto Soebadi, Wahjoe Djatisoesanto y Fikri Rizaldi. "COMPARISON OF EFFICACY BETWEEN LASER AND PNEUMATIC LITHOTRIPSY FOR URETERAL STONE MANAGEMENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS". Indonesian Journal of Urology 28, n.º 2 (15 de julio de 2021): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.32421/juri.v28i2.743.

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Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ureteroscopy lithotripsy (URS) using laser lithotripsy compared to pneumatic lithotripsy for ureteral stone management. Material & Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed and ScienceDirect. The search and screening process in this study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guideline to include relevant RCTs. The included studies were assessed for their risks of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias tool 2 (RoB 2). The comparison of outcomes, which includes stone-free rate, DJ-Stent use, and mean fragmentation time between laser and pneumatic lithotripsy was analyzed using Review Manager 5.4. Results: A total of 11 RCTs evaluating a total of 235 patients with ureteral stone were analyzed in this review. Compared to pneumatic lithotripsy, laser lithotripsy has a significantly higher stone-free rate (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.78-3.21, p < 0.001), longer mean fragmentation time (MD 4.11, 95% CI 3.17-5.04, p < 0.001), and lower DJ stent use rate (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.36-0.76) based on the forest plot analysis. Conclusion: Patients undergoing laser lithotripsy have a higher stone-free rate, a lower DJ stent use rate, and albeit a longer mean fragmentation time compared to pneumatic lithotripsy.

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Kakar, Muhammad Musa, Asadullah ., Masha Khan y Ijaz Ur Rehman. "Comparison of Slow Rate versus Fast Rate Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy in Patients with Urolithiasis". Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, n.º 6 (30 de junio de 2021): 1921–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211561921.

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Objectives: To compare the success of slow rate with fast rate extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in patients undergoing treatment of urolithiasis. Study design: Randomized controlled trial Place & Duration of Study: This study was conducted in Urology Department of Sandeman Civil Hospital, Quetta for one year duration from 1stApril 2020 to 30thMarch 2021. Methods: Total ninety patients who were divided in two equal groups i.e. Group A in which patients received treatment with slow rate extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and group B in which patients received treatment with fast rate extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Results: There were 32 (71.1%) male patients and 13 (28.9%) female patients in group A. In group B, there were 28 (62.2%) male patients and 17 (37.8%) female patients. Mean age in group A was 35.61+4.19 years while in group B, the mean age was 34.11+69.32 years. The success rate of slow rate extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy was 36 (80%) and that of fast rate extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy was 21 (46.7%) (p-<0.05). Conclusions: The slow rate extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is better than fast rate extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for elimination of urolithiasis. Keywords: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, Slow rate ESWL, Fast rate ESWL

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Francesca, F. "Lasers in Urology: Stone disease". Urologia Journal 63, n.º 1 (febrero de 1996): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039606300117.

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— Laser devices for endoscopic lithotripsy differ in their technical aspect from those designed for other urological applications. Their main characteristic is represented by the Q switched output to avoid the thermal effect, which is always associated with the continuous wave output of other lasers. The wave length allows the selective absortion of energy by the stone, greatly reducing the risk of tissue damage. At present three types of laser are available for endoscopic lithotripsy: pulsed dye laser (coumarine green); wave length: 504 nm. Pulsed dye laser (rodamine); wave length: 594 nm. Alexandrite laser; wave length: 750 nm. The pros and cons of laser lithotripsy compared to other methods for endoscopic lithotripsy are highlighted.

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Tesis sobre el tema "LITHOTRIPSY/methods"

Carnell, Mark Thomas. "The application of optical diagnostics to high energy electromagnetic acoustic transducers". Thesis, Loughborough University, 1995. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/11239.

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This thesis is concerned with the design and construction of an electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) and the characterisation of its acoustic field both conventionally, using a hydrophone and with high resolution laser illuminated schlieren techniques. During the early 80s the introduction of the EMA T along with the other types of shock wave source used for lithotripsy, revolutionised the treatment of stone disease. The process of shock wave induced destruction of calculi and the use of shock waves in other areas of medicine will be discussed, along with the causes and effects of stone disease in man. For the first time high temporal and spatial resolution schlierenimages of the shock waves and there interaction with simulation kidney stones have been recorded. The technique provides a clearer picture of the fragmentation process and may assist research into the suitability of shock wave treatment in other areas of medicine currently under investigation. Schlieren studies of the acoustic field have shown the complex structure of not only the EMA T shock wave, but also that associated with cavitation in the field. The primary source of cavitation is due to the rupture and subsequent collapse of bubbles generated in the water by the strong rarefaction phase of the shock wave. The images give evidence for the interaction of these 'primary' cavitation shocks with bubbles in the field, the collapse of some of these bubbles giving rise to additional or 'secondary' cavitation shocks. An optical lensing effect introduced by the shock has also been investigated. Objects seen through or immersed in the field of an EMAT shock wave such as cavitation, appear highly distorted, due to the strong positive and negative lensing effects associated with the changing refractive index of the compression and rarefaction cycles of the shock wave.

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Lima, João Paulo da Cunha. ""Litotripsia extracorpórea por ondas de choque em crianças: eficácia e complicações precoces"". Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5153/tde-18082005-150453/.

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O uso de LECO na população pediátrica ocorreu de forma lenta devido à baixa casuística e a incerteza dos efeitos das ondas de choque sobre os rins em desenvolvimento, eficiência, complicações e efeitos sobre órgãos adjacentes. No presente estudo, foram avaliadas 138 crianças, com idades entre 1 e 12 anos, portadoras de litíase do trato urinário tratadas com LECO, para avaliar a eficiência e complicações precoces do procedimento. A taxa de sucesso dos cálculos com menos de 11mm foi significantemente maior que nos cálculos maiores. Não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante quando relacionamos a taxa de sucesso com idade, intensidade da onda e localização do cálculo
The use of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) in children has evolved rather slowly due to the small number of cases and the uncertainty about the effects of shock waves on the immature kidneys, its efficacy, complications and effects on the surrounding organs. In the present study, 138 children aged 1 to 12 years treated for urinary tract lithiasis by ESWL were evaluated in order to assess the efficacy and early complications of the procedure. The success rate for calculi smaller than 11mm was significantly higher than for larger calculi. When the success rate was correlated with age, intensity of the shock wave and location of the calculi no significant statistical difference was observed

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Sauer, Herbert. "Tratamento transureteroscópico do cálculo ureteral com HOLMIUM: YAG laser". Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5153/tde-19032007-104915/.

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Objetivo: O Holmium:YAG laser é o método de litotripsia intracorpórea para cálculos urinários mais recentemente introduzido em nosso meio. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a eficácia e as complicações imediatas do tratamento de pacientes com cálculos ureterais com essa fonte de energia. Casuística e Métodos: Foram tratados 16 pacientes, nove homens e sete mulheres, portadores de cálculos ureterais sintomáticos, maiores ou iguais a 6 mm, ou com evolução superior a 30 dias. A média de idade foi 42 anos (6- 68 anos). Quatro cálculos estavam localizados no ureter superior, seis no ureter médio e seis no ureter inferior. A técnica empregada foi a de vaporização do cálculo com Holmium:YAG laser, através de ureteroscopia. Utilizou-se exclusivamente ureteroscópio semi-rígido de 7 Fr. Resultados: A taxa de sucesso obtida foi de 87,5%, sem diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação ao relatado na literatura. Todos os cálculos foram fragmentados. Os dois insucessos da série ocorreram com cálculos localizados em ureter superior, em que fragmentos foram deslocados para o rim. As complicações observadas foram três perfurações ureterais e dois casos de febre. Conclusão: O Holmium:YAG laser é eficaz no tratamento endoscópico do cálculo ureteral. Medidas destinadas a prevenir a migração retrógrada do cálculo ou de seus fragmentos devem ser tomadas, principalmente no tratamento dos cálculos localizados em ureter superior. A litotripsia com Holmium:YAG laser não é, entretanto, um método isento de complicações, particularmente no que se refere ao tratamento de cálculos impactados de ureter superior.
Objetive: Holmium:YAG laser is the more recently method of intracorporeal lithotripsy of urinary calculi introduced in our area. The purpose of this study is to analyze the technique and to evaluate the immediate results and complications in the treatment of patients with ureteral calculi. Casuistry and Methods: Sixteen patients were treated, nine men and seven women, carrying symptomatic ureteral stones, bigger than 6 mm or with evolution superior to 30 days. The average age was 42 years old (6-88 years old). Four stones were localized in upper ureter, six in middle ureter, and six in lower ureter. The technique employed was the vaporization of the stone with Holmium:YAG laser, through ureteroscopy. It was used exclusively 7-Fr semirigid ureteroscope. Results: The rate of success attained was of 87.5%, with no statistically significant differences regarding the reports in literature. All the stones were fragmented. The two failures of the series occurred with stones localized in upper ureter, in which fragments were displaced to kidney. The complications observed were three ureteral perforations and two fever cases. Conclusion: Holmium:YAG laser is effective in the endoscopic treatment of ureteral stones. Measures aimed at preventing retrograde migration of stones or fragments should be taken, mainly when the stone are located in the upper ureter. However, lithotripsy with Holmium:YAG laser may be associated with complications, particularly in what concerns the treatment of impacted stones.

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Libros sobre el tema "LITHOTRIPSY/methods"

International Symposium on Biliary Lithotripsy (3rd 1990 Munich, Germany). Lithotripsy and related techniques for gallstone treatment: Adapted from the proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Biliary Lithotripsy, Munich, Germany, September 13-15, 1990. St. Louis: Mosby Year Book, 1991.

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Stone therapy in urology. Stuttgart: G. Thieme Verlag, 1991.

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Miller, K. y F. Eisenberger. Stone Therapy in Urology. Thieme Medical Pub, 1990.

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E, Lingeman James y Preminger Glenn M, eds. New developments in the management of urolithiasis. New York: Igaku-Shoin, 1996.

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Smith, Arthur D., Gopal H., M.D. Badlani, Demetirus H., M.D. Bagley, Steven G., M.D. Docimo y Ralph V. Clayman. Smith's Textbook of Endourology. 2^a ed. BC Decker Inc., 2006.

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Finn, Kamper-Jørgensen, Challah S, Andersen Tavs Folmer y Copenhagen Collaborating Center for the Study of Regional Variations in Health Care., eds. Technology assessment and new kidney stone treatment methods. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988.

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D, Smith Arthur, Louis R. Kavoussi, Gopal H. Badlani y Glenn Preminger. Smith's Textbook of Endourology. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2019.

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Smith, Arthur D., M.D., ed. Smith's textbook of endourology. St. Louis, Mo: Quality Medical Pub., 1996.

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D, Smith Arthur, Louis R. Kavoussi, Gopal H. Badlani y Glenn Preminger. Smith's Textbook of Endourology. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2011.

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Smith's Textbook of Endourology. Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "LITHOTRIPSY/methods"

Wurster, H. "Methods in Lithotripsy". En Laser Lithotripsy, 111–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73864-7_16.

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Garilevich, B. A., Y. V. Kudryavtsev, Y. V. Olefir, Y. V. Andrianov y A. E. Rotov. "Prospects for Development of Shock Wave Therapy". En Encyclopedia of Healthcare Information Systems, 1125–29. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-889-5.ch140.

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Nowadays the world medical practice widely uses the method of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for treatment of patients with urolithiasis bay means of pulverizing action of focused shock waves (FSW). In the early 1980s in Germany, the Dornier Medical Systems Company fabricated the first lithotriptor based on the electrohydraulic principle of shock wave generation. By 1988, practically all countries had applied lithotriptors developed by Dornier Medical Systems. Later, more than 15 countries started to fabricate their own lithotriptors, which use various methods of FSW generation, such as electrohydraulic, electromagnetic, and piezoelectric. These countries were Germany, USA, Russia, China, Italy, France, Israel, Turkey, Slovakia, Poland, Austria, Sweden, and so forth. However, the given method of the physical effects can be used not only for the extracorporeal fragmentation of calculi. The biological effects of shock waves presume a perspective of their use for treatment and aftertreatment of the patients with other disorders and pathological conditions using their stimulatory and inhibitory actions.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "LITHOTRIPSY/methods"

Jiang, Zhi X., Colin Whitehurst y Terence A. King. "Fragmentation methods in laser lithotripsy". En Optics, Electro-Optics, and Laser Applications in Science and Engineering, editado por Graham M. Watson, Rudolf W. Steiner y Joseph J. Pietrafitta. SPIE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.43913.

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