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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Masseter muscle Physiology"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021
Última modificación: 31 de enero de 2023

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1

Franz, Leonardo, Luciana Travan, Miriam Isola, Gino Marioni, and Renzo Pozzo. "Facial Muscle Activity Patterns in Clarinet Players: A Key to Understanding Facial Muscle Physiology and Dysfunction in Musicians." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 129, no. 11 (June 2, 2020): 1078–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489420931553.

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Objectives: Facial muscle activity is crucial to controlling musical performance in wind instrument playing. Facial muscle dysfunctions are common in wind instrument players, dramatically affecting their professional musical activity and potentially leading to disabling symptoms. The aim of this pilot study on a cohort of healthy clarinetists was to use surface electromyography to identify the facial muscle activity patterns involved in stabilizing the mouthpiece, controlling emission and articulation during musical tasks in physiological conditions, also comparing muscle activity between less
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2

Hollowell, D. E., P. R. Bhandary, A. W. Funsten, and P. M. Suratt. "Respiratory-related recruitment of the masseter: response to hypercapnia and loading." Journal of Applied Physiology 70, no. 6 (June 1, 1991): 2508–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.70.6.2508.

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To test the hypothesis that a muscle that closes the jaw, the masseter, can be recruited by ventilatory stimuli, we studied the electromyographic activation of the masseter and genioglossus in seven normal awake males who were exposed in random order to progressive hyperoxic hypercapnia, inspiratory threshold loading (-40 cmH2O), and combined hypercapnia and loading. With hypercapnia, the masseter was generally recruited after the genioglossus had been activated. Once recruited, activation of both muscles increased linearly with increasing CO2. Combined hypercapnia and loading produced more ac
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3

Cairns, Brian E., James W. Hu, Lars Arendt-Nielsen, Barry J. Sessle, and Peter Svensson. "Sex-Related Differences in Human Pain and Rat Afferent Discharge Evoked by Injection of Glutamate Into the Masseter Muscle." Journal of Neurophysiology 86, no. 2 (August 1, 2001): 782–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2001.86.2.782.

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Animal studies have suggested that tissue injury–related increased levels of glutamate may be involved in peripheral nociceptive mechanisms in deep craniofacial tissues. Indeed, injection of glutamate (0.1–1 M, 10 μl) into the temporomandibular region evokes reflex jaw muscle responses through activation of peripheral excitatory amino acid receptors. It has recently been found that this glutamate-evoked reflex muscle activity is significantly greater in female than male rats. However, it is not known whether peripheral administration of glutamate, in the same concentrations that evoke jaw musc
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4

Türker, Kemal S., and Melissa Jenkins. "Reflex Responses Induced by Tooth Unloading." Journal of Neurophysiology 84, no. 2 (August 1, 2000): 1088–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.84.2.1088.

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The reflex response of the masseter muscle to the rapid unloading of a single maxillary incisor tooth was studied. Unloading of a static force of 2 N in the horizontal direction resulted in a short-latency excitation, inhibition, and long-latency excitation of masseter muscle activity occurring at latencies of approximately 13, 20, and 40 ms, respectively, with a corresponding change in bite force occurring slightly later in each case. Following the blocking of periodontal input by the injection of local anesthetic around the stimulated tooth, inhibitory responses were abolished. Therefore, it
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5

Ayada, Kentaro, Makoto Watanabe, and Yasuo Endo. "Elevation of histidine decarboxylase activity in skeletal muscles and stomach in mice by stress and exercise." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 279, no. 6 (December 1, 2000): R2042—R2047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.6.r2042.

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The effects of different types of stress (water bathing, cold, restraint, and prolonged walking) on histidine decarboxylase (HDC) activity in masseter, quadriceps femoris, and pectoralis superficial muscles, and in the stomach were examined in mice. All of these stresses elevated gastric HDC activity. Although water bathing, in which muscle activity was slight, was sufficiently stressful to produce gastric hemorrhage and to increase gastric HDC activity, it produced no detectable elevation of HDC activity in any of the muscles examined. The other stresses all elevated HDC activity in all three
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6

Hollowell, D. E., and P. M. Suratt. "Mandible position and activation of submental and masseter muscles during sleep." Journal of Applied Physiology 71, no. 6 (December 1, 1991): 2267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.71.6.2267.

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Movement of the mandible could influence pharyngeal airway caliber because the mandible is attached to the tongue and to muscles that insert on the hyoid bone. In normal subjects and patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) we measured jaw position during sleep with strain gauges, as well as masseter and submental electromyograms, airflow, esophageal pressure, oximetry, electroencephalograms, and electrooculograms. Jaws of patients with OSA were open more than those of normal subjects at end expiration and opened further at end inspiration, particularly at the termination of apneas when the
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7

Evans, Marianna, Kevin Morine, Cyelee Kulkarni, and Elisabeth R. Barton. "Expression profiling reveals heightened apoptosis and supports fiber size economy in the murine muscles of mastication." Physiological Genomics 35, no. 1 (September 2008): 86–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00232.2007.

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Distinctions between craniofacial and axial muscles exist from the onset of development and throughout adulthood. The masticatory muscles are a specialized group of craniofacial muscles that retain embryonic fiber properties in the adult, suggesting that the developmental origin of these muscles may govern a pattern of expression that differs from limb muscles. To determine the extent of these differences, expression profiling of total RNA isolated from the masseter and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles of adult female mice was performed, which identified transcriptional changes in unanticipated
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8

Hakim, Akhlaq W., Xudong Dong та Brian E. Cairns. "TNFα Mechanically Sensitizes Masseter Muscle Nociceptors by Increasing Prostaglandin E2 Levels". Journal of Neurophysiology 105, № 1 (січень 2011): 154–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00730.2010.

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TNFα induces mechanical sensitization of rat masseter muscle nociceptors, which takes 2–3 h to manifest and is mediated through activation of P55 and P75 receptors. This study was undertaken to determine whether TNFα induces nociceptor mechanical sensitization through the release of other algogenic substances such as glutamate, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and/or nerve growth factor (NGF), which have been shown to induce mechanical sensitization of muscle nociceptors. Masseter muscle homogenate levels of PGE2 and NGF were measured 3 h after injection of TNFα (1 μg) or vehicle control using commerc
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9

Eason, Jane M., Gail A. Schwartz, Grace K. Pavlath, and Arthur W. English. "Sexually dimorphic expression of myosin heavy chains in the adult mouse masseter." Journal of Applied Physiology 89, no. 1 (July 1, 2000): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2000.89.1.251.

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Little is known regarding the role of androgenic hormones in the maintenance of myosin heavy chain (MHC) composition of rodent masticatory muscles. Because the masseter is the principal jaw closer in rodents, we felt it was important to characterize the influence of androgenic hormones on the MHC composition of the masseter. To determine the extent of sexual dimorphism in the phenotype of masseter muscle fibers of adult (10-mo-old) C57 mice, we stained tissue sections with antibodies specific to type IIa and IIb MHC isoforms. Females contain twice as many fibers containing the IIa MHC as males
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10

Schwarz, Peter B., and John H. Peever. "Dopamine triggers skeletal muscle tone by activating D1-like receptors on somatic motoneurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 106, no. 3 (September 2011): 1299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00230.2011.

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The dopamine system plays an integral role in motor physiology. Dopamine controls movement by modulation of higher-order motor centers (e.g., basal ganglia) but may also regulate movement by directly controlling motoneuron function. Even though dopamine cells synapse onto motoneurons, which themselves express dopamine receptors, it is unknown whether dopamine modulates skeletal muscle activity. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether changes in dopaminergic neurotransmission at a somatic motor pool affect motor outflow to skeletal muscles. We used microinjection, neuropharmacology, electrophy
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11

Ishii, Hisayoshi, Takeharu Niioka, Hidekazu Watanabe, and Hiroshi Izumi. "Inhibitory effects of excess sympathetic activity on parasympathetic vasodilation in the rat masseter muscle." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 293, no. 2 (August 2007): R729—R736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00866.2006.

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The present study was designed to examine the effect of sympathetic tonic activity on parasympathetic vasodilation evoked by the trigeminal-mediated reflex in the masseter muscle in urethane-anesthetized rats. Sectioning of the superior cervical sympathetic trunk (CST) ipsilaterally increased the basal level of blood flow in the masseter muscle (MBF). Electrical stimulation of the peripheral cut end of the CST for 2 min using 2-ms pulses ipsilaterally decreased in a dependent manner the intensity (0.5–10 V) and frequency (0.1–5 Hz) of the MBF. The CST stimulation for 2 min at <0.5 Hz with 5
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12

Lambert, R. W., L. J. Goldberg, and S. H. Chandler. "Comparison of mandibular movement trajectories and associated patterns of oral muscle electromyographic activity during spontaneous and apomorphine-induced rhythmic jaw movements in the guinea pig." Journal of Neurophysiology 55, no. 2 (February 1, 1986): 301–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1986.55.2.301.

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Vertical and horizontal movements of the lower jaw (mandible) of ketamine-anesthetized guinea pigs were recorded in association with electromyographic (EMG) activity in the anterior digastric, lateral pterygoid, medial pterygoid, and deep masseter muscles during spontaneously occurring rhythmic jaw movements (SRJMs) and during rhythmical jaw movements induced by the intravenous administration of apomorphine (ARJMs). Both ARJMs and SRJMs were near periodic and occurred at frequencies in the 2- to 5-Hz range. However, the profiles of the mandibular movements and associated patterns of jaw muscle
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13

Anapol, F., and S. W. Herring. "Length-tension relationships of masseter and digastric muscles of miniature swine during ontogeny." Journal of Experimental Biology 143, no. 1 (May 1, 1989): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.143.1.1.

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At incremental whole muscle lengths, active isometric and passive elastic forces were recorded from the masseter and digastric muscles of anaesthetized miniature pigs (Hanford) weighing 2.0-20.0 kg. Wet muscle mass and maximum tetanic tension values for masseter exceed those for digastric and increase more rapidly with body mass (age). At any body mass, masseter exceeds digastric in the ratio of optimum length (that length at which maximum tetanic tension is produced) to in situ muscle length (that length which corresponds to the jaw in a closed position) and the proportion of passive tension
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14

Yang, J., and K. S. Türker. "Jaw Reflexes Evoked by Mechanical Stimulation of Teeth in Humans." Journal of Neurophysiology 81, no. 5 (May 1, 1999): 2156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1999.81.5.2156.

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Jaw reflexes evoked by mechanical stimulation of teeth in humans. The reflex response of jaw muscles to mechanical stimulation of an upper incisor tooth was investigated using the surface electromyogram (SEMG) of the masseter muscle and the bite force. With a slowly rising stimulus, the reflex response obtained on the masseter SEMG showed three different patterns of reflex responses; sole excitation, sole inhibition, and inhibition followed by excitation. Simultaneously recorded bite force, however, exhibited mainly one reflex response pattern, a decrease followed by an increase in the net clo
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15

Scutter, Sheila D., and Kemal S. Türker. "Muscle Spindle Afferent Input to Motoneurons in Human Masseter." Journal of Neurophysiology 82, no. 1 (July 1, 1999): 505–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1999.82.1.505.

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The H-reflex response in large and small single motor units in human deep anterior masseter was studied to investigate the distribution of muscle spindle afferents onto masseter motoneurons. We found that only the larger units displayed H-reflex responses. This indicates preferential distribution of muscle spindle input onto large motoneurons or a skewed distribution of tonic presynaptic inhibitory mechanisms.
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16

Williams, J. M., C. Johnson, R. Bales, G. Lloyd, L. Barron, and D. Quest. "Analysis of Temporalis and Masseter adaptation after routine dental treatment in the horse via surface electromyography." Comparative Exercise Physiology 10, no. 4 (January 1, 2014): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/cep143004.

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Limited knowledge of how routine dental treatment (rasping) alters the mastication cycle exists. To our knowledge, Masseter and Temporalis muscle activity after rasping has not been previously evaluated. A descriptive, experimental study compared muscle activity pre- and post-routine dental treatment using surface electromyography (sEMG) to investigate the hypothesis that Masseter activity would increase and Temporalis activity decrease, over a 6 week time period after routine dentistry. Motor unit action potential amplitude (MUAP) and peak amplitude contraction (PAC), for 5 chewing cycles, we
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17

English, Arthur W., and Gail Schwartz. "Development of sex differences in the rabbit masseter muscle is not restricted to a critical period." Journal of Applied Physiology 92, no. 3 (March 1, 2002): 1214–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00953.2001.

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The proportions of muscle fibers of different phenotype in the adult rabbit masseter differ greatly in different sexes. These sex differences are not apparent in young adults, but arise under the influence of testosterone in the males. We examined whether this switch occurred during a critical period of postnatal development. Testosterone was administered to young adults 1, 2, or 4 mo after castration, and also to adult females. Samples of masseter muscle were taken at four monthly intervals after the onset of treatment and examined for the expression of different myosin heavy chain (MyHC) iso
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18

Jung, Hak Hyun, Richard L. Lieber, and Allen F. Ryan. "Quantification of myosin heavy chain mRNA in somatic and branchial arch muscles using competitive PCR." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 275, no. 1 (July 1, 1998): C68—C74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1998.275.1.c68.

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The purpose of this study was to quantify the type and amount of myosin heavy chain (MHC) mRNA within muscles of different developmental origins to determine whether the regulation of gene expression is comparable. Seven MHC isoforms were analyzed in rat adult limb (extensor digitorum longus, tibialis anterior, and soleus) and nonlimb (extraocular, thyroarytenoid, diaphragm, and masseter) muscles using a competitive PCR assay. An exogenous template that included oligonucleotide sequences specific for seven rat sarcomeric MHC isoforms (β-cardiac, 2A, 2X, 2B, extraocular, embryonic, and neonatal
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19

Deriu, Franca, Eusebio Tolu, and John C. Rothwell. "A Sound-Evoked Vestibulomasseteric Reflex in Healthy Humans." Journal of Neurophysiology 93, no. 5 (May 2005): 2739–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01005.2004.

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Averaged responses to loud clicks were recorded in the unrectified and rectified masseter electromyogram (EMG) of 18 healthy subjects. Unilateral clicks (0.1 ms, 3 Hz, 70–100 dB NHL), delivered during a steady masseter contraction, evoked bilateral responses that appeared to consist of 2 components on the basis of threshold, latency, and their appearance in rectified EMG. The lowest threshold response appeared as a p16 wave (onset 11–13 ms) in the unrectified EMG and corresponded with a 10- to 12-ms period of inhibition in the rectified EMG. Higher-intensity clicks recruited an earlier p11 res
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20

Hakim, Akhlaq W., Xu-Dong Dong, Peter Svensson, Ujendra Kumar та Brian E. Cairns. "TNFα Mechanically Sensitizes Masseter Muscle Afferent Fibers of Male Rats". Journal of Neurophysiology 102, № 3 (вересень 2009): 1551–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00326.2009.

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Behavioral evidence in rats indicates that injection of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) into skeletal muscle results in a prolonged mechanical sensitization without gross inflammation. To investigate whether a peripheral mechanism could underlie this effect, in the present study, TNFα (1 or 0.1 μg) was injected into the rat masseter muscle to assess its effect on the excitability and mechanical threshold (MT) of muscle nociceptors as well as on inflammation. Expression of TNFR1 (P55 receptors) and TNFR2 (P75 receptors) by the masseter muscle and trigeminal ganglion neurons that innervate th
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21

Tangel, D. J., W. S. Mezzanotte, E. J. Sandberg, and D. P. White. "Influences of NREM sleep on the activity of tonic vs. inspiratory phasic muscles in normal men." Journal of Applied Physiology 73, no. 3 (September 1, 1992): 1058–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1992.73.3.1058.

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Studies of sleep influences on human pharyngeal and other respiratory muscles suggest that the activity of these muscles may be affected by non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep in a nonuniform manner. This variable sleep response may relate to the pattern of activation of the muscle (inspiratory phasic vs. tonic) and peripheral events occurring in the airway. Furthermore, the ability of these muscles to respond to respiratory stimuli during NREM sleep may also differ. To systematically investigate the effect of NREM sleep on respiratory muscle activity, we studied two tonic muscles [tensor pala
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22

Miyahara, T., N. Hagiya, T. Ohyama, and Y. Nakamura. "Modulation of human soleus H reflex in association with voluntary clenching of the teeth." Journal of Neurophysiology 76, no. 3 (September 1, 1996): 2033–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1996.76.3.2033.

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1. To determine the effects of motor activity in the jaw on more general motor behavior, we examined the modulation of the soleus H reflex in association with voluntary clenching of the teeth in healthy adult volunteers. 2. The amplitude of the H reflex increased remarkably during teeth clenching. The increase during maximal teeth clenching was greater than that induced either by maximal voluntary isometric contraction of the wrist extensors or by maximal voluntary clenching of the fists. 3. The increase in amplitude of the soleus H reflex showed a positive correlation with the strength of tee
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23

Eriksson, Per-Olof, Gill S. Butler-Browne, and Lars-Eric Thornell. "Immunohistochemical characterization of human masseter muscle spindles." Muscle & Nerve 17, no. 1 (January 1994): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mus.880170105.

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24

Escobar, Jeffery, Jason W. Frank, Agus Suryawan, Hanh V. Nguyen, Scot R. Kimball, Leonard S. Jefferson, and Teresa A. Davis. "Regulation of cardiac and skeletal muscle protein synthesis by individual branched-chain amino acids in neonatal pigs." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 290, no. 4 (April 2006): E612—E621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00402.2005.

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Skeletal muscle grows at a very rapid rate in the neonatal pig, due in part to an enhanced sensitivity of protein synthesis to the postprandial rise in amino acids. An increase in leucine alone stimulates protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of the neonatal pig; however, the effect of isoleucine and valine has not been investigated in this experimental model. The left ventricular wall of the heart grows faster than the right ventricular wall during the first 10 days of postnatal life in the pig. Therefore, the effects of individual BCAA on protein synthesis in individual skeletal muscles and i
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25

Cairns, Brian E., Barry J. Sessle, and James W. Hu. "Activation of Peripheral GABAA Receptors Inhibits Temporomandibular Joint–Evoked Jaw Muscle Activity." Journal of Neurophysiology 81, no. 4 (April 1, 1999): 1966–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1999.81.4.1966.

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Activation of peripheral GABAA receptors inhibits temporomandibular joint–evoked jaw muscle activity. We have previously shown that injection of mustard oil or glutamate into rat temporomandibular joint (TMJ) tissues, an experimental model of acute TMJ injury, can reflexly induce a prolonged increase in the activity of both digastric (jaw-opener) and masseter (jaw-closer) muscles. In this study, GABA was applied to the TMJ region by itself or in combination with glutamate, and the magnitude of evoked jaw muscle electromyographic (EMG) activity was measured. Application of GABA alone to the TMJ
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26

Rousseff, Rossen T., Adnan J. Khuraibet, Asmahan F. Al-Shubaili, and Plamen Tzvetanov. "Stimulated jitter in the masseter muscle: Normative values." Muscle & Nerve 35, no. 2 (September 5, 2006): 243–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mus.20651.

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27

Ortu, Enzo, Franca Deriu, Antonio Suppa, Elena Giaconi, Eusebio Tolu, and John C. Rothwell. "Intracortical modulation of cortical-bulbar responses for the masseter muscle." Journal of Physiology 586, no. 14 (July 14, 2008): 3385–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2008.153288.

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28

Ishii, Hisayoshi, Takeharu Niioka, Emi Sudo, and Hiroshi Izumi. "Evidence for parasympathetic vasodilator fibres in the rat masseter muscle." Journal of Physiology 569, no. 2 (November 24, 2005): 617–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2005.087643.

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Kato, Takafumi, Yuji Masuda, Hayato Kanayama, Norimasa Nakamura, Atsushi Yoshida, and Toshifumi Morimoto. "Heterogeneous activity level of jaw-closing and -opening muscles and its association with arousal levels during sleep in the guinea pig." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 298, no. 1 (January 2010): R34—R42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00205.2009.

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Exaggerated jaw motor activities during sleep are associated with muscle symptoms in the jaw-closing rather than the jaw-opening muscles. The intrinsic activity of antagonistic jaw muscles during sleep remains unknown. This study aims to assess the balance of muscle activity between masseter (MA) and digastric (DG) muscles during sleep in guinea pigs. Electroencephalogram (EEG), electroocculogram, and electromyograms (EMGs) of dorsal neck, MA, and DG muscles were recorded with video during sleep-wake cycles. These variables were quantified for each 10-s epoch. The magnitude of muscle activity
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Peever, John H., Yuan-Yang Lai, and Jerome M. Siegel. "Excitatory Effects of Hypocretin-1 (Orexin-A) in the Trigeminal Motor Nucleus Are Reversed by NMDA Antagonism." Journal of Neurophysiology 89, no. 5 (May 1, 2003): 2591–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00968.2002.

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Hypocretin-1 and -2 (Hcrt-1 and -2, also called orexin-A and -B) are newly identified neuropeptides synthesized by hypothalamic neurons. Defects in the Hcrt system underlie the sleep disorder narcolepsy, which is characterized by sleep fragmentation and the involuntary loss of muscle tone called cataplexy. Hcrt neurons project to multiple brain regions including cranial and spinal motor nuclei. In vitro studies suggest that Hcrt application can modulate presynaptic glutamate release. Together these observations suggest that Hcrt can affect motor output and that glutamatergic processes may be i
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Kayar, S. R., H. Hoppeler, B. Essen-Gustavsson, and K. Schwerzmann. "The similarity of mitochondrial distribution in equine skeletal muscles of differing oxidative capacity." Journal of Experimental Biology 137, no. 1 (July 1, 1988): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.137.1.253.

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A morphometric analysis was performed on horse muscle tissue to quantify mitochondrial distribution relative to capillaries. Samples of M. vastus medialis, M. semitendinosus, M. masseter and M. cutaneus thoracicus were preserved in a glutaraldehyde fixative for electron microscopy, or frozen for biochemical and histochemical analysis. These four muscles varied from highly oxidative in type, consisting nearly completely of type I fibres, in masseter, to highly glycolytic, primarily type IIb fibres, in cutaneus. In all four muscles, mitochondria were found in highest volume density near capillar
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32

Kim, Jeong-su, Kenneth W. Hinchcliff, Mamoru Yamaguchi, Laurie A. Beard, Chad D. Markert, and Steven T. Devor. "Exercise training increases oxidative capacity and attenuates exercise-induced ultrastructural damage in skeletal muscle of aged horses." Journal of Applied Physiology 98, no. 1 (January 2005): 334–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00172.2003.

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Exercise training improves functional capacity in aged individuals. Whether such training reduces the severity of exercise-induced muscle damage is unknown. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of 10 wk of treadmill exercise training on skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and exercise-induced ultrastructural damage in six aged female Quarter horses (>23 yr of age). The magnitude of ultrastructural muscle damage induced by an incremental exercise test before and after training was determined by electron microscopic examination of samples of triceps, semimembranosus, an
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33

INOKO, Yoshimi, Kimio SHIMIZU, Osami MORITA, and Masaki KOHNO. "Relationship between masseter muscle activity and sleep-disordered breathing." Sleep and Biological Rhythms 2, no. 1 (February 2004): 67–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8425.2003.00068.x.

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Rasmussen, Tara, and Haley Tucker. "Loss of SMYD1 Results in Perinatal Lethality via Selective Defects within Myotonic Muscle Descendants." Diseases 7, no. 1 (December 20, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diseases7010001.

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SET and MYND Domain 1 (SMYD1) is a cardiac and skeletal muscle-specific, histone methyl transferase that is critical for both embryonic and adult heart development and function in both mice and men. We report here that skeletal muscle-specific, myogenin (myoG)-Cre-mediated conditional knockout (CKO) of Smyd1 results in perinatal death. As early as embryonic day 12.5, Smyd1 CKOs exhibit multiple skeletal muscle defects in proliferation, morphology, and gene expression. However, all myotonic descendants are not afflicted equally. Trunk muscles are virtually ablated with excessive accumulation of
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Khuraibet, Adnan J., Rossen T. Rousseff, Raed Behbehani, Asmahan F. K. Al-Shubaili, and Riyadh A. Khan. "Single-fiber electromyography of masseter muscle in myasthenia gravis." Muscle & Nerve 37, no. 4 (April 2008): 522–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mus.20921.

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36

Hamilton, Marc T., Jacqueline Etienne, Warren C. McClure, Brian S. Pavey, and Alisha K. Holloway. "Role of local contractile activity and muscle fiber type on LPL regulation during exercise." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 275, no. 6 (December 1, 1998): E1016—E1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1998.275.6.e1016.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of local contractile activity on lipoprotein lipase (LPL) regulation in skeletal muscle. Short-term voluntary run training increased LPL mRNA concentration and LPL immunoreactive mass about threefold in white skeletal muscles of the rat hindlimb (all P < 0.01). Training also increased total and heparin-releasable LPL enzyme activity in white hindlimb muscles and in postheparin plasma ( P< 0.05). Training did not enhance LPL regulation in a white muscle that was not recruited during running (masseter). LPL levels were already high i
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37

Yamane, Akira, Satonari Akutsu, Thomas G. H. Diekwisch, and Ryoichi Matsuda. "Satellite cells and utrophin are not directly correlated with the degree of skeletal muscle damage in mdx mice." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 289, no. 1 (July 2005): C42—C48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00577.2004.

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To determine whether muscle satellite cells and utrophin are correlated with the degree of damage in mdx skeletal muscles, we measured the area of the degenerative region as an indicator of myofiber degeneration in the masseter, gastrocnemius, soleus, and diaphragm muscles of mdx mice. Furthermore, we analyzed the expression levels of the paired box homeotic gene 7 ( pax7), m-cadherin (the makers of muscle satellite cells), and utrophin mRNA. We also investigated the immunolocalization of m-cadherin and utrophin proteins in the muscles of normal C57BL/10J (B10) and mdx mice. The expression lev
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38

Orellana, Renan A., Pamela M. J. O'Connor, Jill A. Bush, Agus Suryawan, M. Carole Thivierge, Hanh V. Nguyen, Marta L. Fiorotto, and Teresa A. Davis. "Modulation of muscle protein synthesis by insulin is maintained during neonatal endotoxemia." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 291, no. 1 (July 2006): E159—E166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00595.2005.

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Sepsis promotes insulin resistance and reduces protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of adults. The effect of sepsis on insulin-stimulated muscle protein synthesis has not been determined in neonates, a highly anabolic population that is uniquely sensitive to insulin. Overnight fasted neonatal pigs were infused for 8 h with endotoxin [lipopolysaccharide (LPS), 0 and 10 μg·kg−1·h−1]. Glucose and amino acids were maintained at fasting levels, insulin was clamped at either fasting or fed (2 or 10 μU/ml) levels, and fractional protein synthesis rates were determined at the end of the infusion. LPS
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39

Hidaka, O., T. Morimoto, T. Kato, Y. Masuda, T. Inoue, and K. Takada. "Behavior of Jaw Muscle Spindle Afferents During Cortically Induced Rhythmic Jaw Movements in the Anesthetized Rabbit." Journal of Neurophysiology 82, no. 5 (November 1, 1999): 2633–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1999.82.5.2633.

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The regulation by muscle spindles of jaw-closing muscle activity during mastication was evaluated in anesthetized rabbits. Simultaneous records were made of the discharges of muscle spindle units in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus, masseter and digastric muscle activity (electromyogram [EMG]), and jaw-movement parameters during cortically induced rhythmic jaw movements. One of three test strips of polyurethane foam, each of a different hardness, was inserted between the opposing molars during the jaw movements. The induced rhythmic jaw movements were crescent shaped and were divided into
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40

Butler-Browne, G. S., P. O. Eriksson, C. Laurent, and L. E. Thornell. "Adult human masseter muscle fibers express myosin isozymes characteristic of development." Muscle & Nerve 11, no. 6 (June 1988): 610–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mus.880110614.

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41

Yoneda, Hiroyuki, Fukie Niijima-Yaoita, Masahiro Tsuchiya, Hiroyuki Kumamoto, Makoto Watanbe, Hiroshi Ohtsu, Kazuhiko Yanai, et al. "Roles played by histamine in strenuous or prolonged masseter muscle activity in mice." Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 40, no. 12 (November 21, 2013): 848–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1440-1681.12167.

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42

Ramamani, A., M. M. Aruldhas, and P. Govindarajulu. "Differential response of rat skeletal muscle glycogen metabolism to testosterone and estradiol." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 77, no. 4 (April 1, 1999): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y99-016.

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Although reports on sex steroids have implicated them as promoting protein synthesis and also providing extra strength to the skeletal muscle, it remains unclear whether sex steroids affect glycogen metabolism to provide energy for skeletal muscle functions, since glycogen metabolism is one of the pathways that provides energy for the skeletal muscle contraction and relaxation cycle. The purpose of the current study was to show that testosterone and estradiol act differentially on skeletal muscles from different regions, differentially with reference to glycogen metabolism. To study this hypot
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43

Duhlmeier, Reinhard, Anja Hacker, Andrea Widdel, Wolfgang von Engelhardt, and Hans-Peter Sallmann. "Mechanisms of insulin-dependent glucose transport into porcine and bovine skeletal muscle." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 289, no. 1 (July 2005): R187—R197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00502.2004.

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Euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic clamp tests have shown that adult ruminants are less insulin-sensitive than monogastric omnivores. The present study was carried out to elucidate possible cellular mechanisms contributing to this impaired insulin sensitivity of ruminants. Western blotting was used to measure glucose transporters 1 and 4 (GLUT1, GLUT4) in oxidative (musculus masseter and diaphragm) and glycolytic (musculus longissimus dorsi and semitendinosus) skeletal muscle in the crude membranes of pigs and cows. Muscles were characterized biochemically. To determine insulin-stimulated 3- O-d-[3H
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44

Tonndorf, M�nica L., and Alan G. Hannam. "Motor unit territory in relation to tendons in the human masseter muscle." Muscle & Nerve 17, no. 4 (April 1994): 436–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mus.880170412.

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45

Turturici, Marco, and Silvestro Roatta. "Compression-induced hyperaemia in the rabbit masseter muscle: a model to investigate vascular mechano-sensitivity of skeletal muscle." Physiological Measurement 34, no. 3 (February 12, 2013): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/34/3/307.

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46

Daimon, Shigeru, and Kazunori Yamaguchi. "Changes in respiratory activity induced by mastication during oral breathing in humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 116, no. 11 (June 1, 2014): 1365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01236.2013.

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We examined the effect of oral breathing on respiratory movements, including the number of respirations and the movement of the thoracic wall at rest and while chewing gum. Forty normal nose breathers were selected by detecting expiratory airflow from the mouth using a CO2 sensor. Chest measurements were recorded using a Piezo respiratory belt transducer, and electromyographic (EMG) activity of the masseter and trapezius muscles were recorded at rest and while chewing gum during nasal or oral breathing. Oral breathing was introduced by completely occluding the nostrils with a nose clip. During
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47

Cvetko, Erika, and Ida Eržen. "Effect of chronic uncontrollable stress on myosin heavy chain expression in rat masseter muscle." Pfl?gers Archiv European Journal of Physiology 442, no. 7 (September 1, 2001): r147—r149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004240100002.

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48

Davis, Teresa A., Marta L. Fiorotto, Philip R. Beckett, Douglas G. Burrin, Peter J. Reeds, Diane Wray-Cahen, and Hanh V. Nguyen. "Differential effects of insulin on peripheral and visceral tissue protein synthesis in neonatal pigs." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 280, no. 5 (May 1, 2001): E770—E779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.2001.280.5.e770.

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We recently demonstrated in neonatal pigs that, with amino acids and glucose maintained at fasting levels, the stimulation of protein synthesis in longissimus dorsi muscle with feeding can be reproduced by a physiological rise in insulin alone. In the current report, we determine whether the response of protein synthesis to insulin in the neonatal pig is 1) present in muscles of different fiber types, 2) proportional in myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic proteins, 3) associated with increased translational efficiency and ribosome number, and 4) present in other peripheral tissues and in viscera. Hy
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49

Mohn, Christine, Olav Vassend, and Stein Knardahl. "Cardiovascular responses to and modulation of pressure pain sensitivity in normotensive, pain-free women." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 3, no. 3 (July 1, 2012): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2011.12.001.

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AbstractBackground and purposeThe psychophysiological responses to and modulation of pressure pain stimulation are relatively new areas of investigation. The aims of the present study were to characterize subjective and cardiovascular (CV) responses to pressure pain stimulation, and to examine the relationship between CV responding and pain pressure pain sensitivity.MethodsThirty-nine pain-free, normotensive women were included in the study and tested during the follicular phase of their menstrual cycles. Pain threshold and tolerance were recorded at the right masseter muscle and the sternum,
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50

Hoh, J. F. Y., and S. Hughes. "Immunocytochemical analysis of the perinatal development of cat masseter muscle using anti-myosin antibodies." Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility 10, no. 4 (August 1989): 312–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01758427.

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