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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Matrix interfaces"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 1 de junio de 2024

Última modificación: 19 de julio de 2025

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Zhao, J. L., and H. F. Qiang. "Numerical Scheme for Micro-Damage Mechanism of Composite Propellant." Key Engineering Materials 417-418 (October 2009): 265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.417-418.265.

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HTPB propellant is the high filled particulate elastomeric matrix composite. Debonding of particle/matrix interfaces can significantly affect the macroscopic behavior of composite propellant. How to model the propellant material and describe damage processes to discover damage mechanism has been a long-standing question. This paper used the bilinear cohesive law with different parameter values for particle/matrix interfaces to study interface debonding. By analyzing the damage evolution in two model particulate composite systems with finite element method, the scheme was shown to capture effects associated with the interface strength and the interactions between particles.

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Gupta, Vijay. "An Evaluation of the Interface Tensile Strength–Toughness Relationship." MRS Bulletin 16, no. 4 (1991): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400057092.

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Mechanical properties of interfaces between dissimilar or similar materials (e.g., grain boundaries) have become the focal point of research in several fields, including composite materials (metal, ceramic and intermetallic matrix composites), tribology, and solid state devices. This is not surprising because the interfaces between dissimilar materials are sites for mechanical stress concentrations and often nucleate the overall failure process.Interfaces of interest in composite materials exist between fibers and their diffusion barrier coatings or between the fibers and the surrounding matrix material. In the field of tribology, interfaces exist between various types of functional (magnetic, conducting, optical, electrical), protective (thermal barrier, corrosion, wear resistant), or decorative coatings and their underlying substrates. And, finally, metal/ceramic interfaces are of interest in multilayer devices and magnetic disks and head technology. In all the above applications, mechanical properties of the interface (tensile and shear strength, toughness, etc.) often control the overall functionality of the coated part. Therefore, improving the mechanical properties of the interface for a prolonged life of the coated part is of fundamental interest. However, in ceramic and metal matrix composites, where the fiber/coating interface is used to deflect impinging cracks from the matrix, it is often desirable to impair the strength of the interface.

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JIANG, LIYING, HONGLAI TAN, JIAN WU, YONGGANG HUANG, and KEH-CHIH HWANG. "CONTINUUM MODELING OF INTERFACES IN POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES REINFORCED BY CARBON NANOTUBES." Nano 02, no. 03 (2007): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292007000519.

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The interface behavior may significantly influence the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube (CNT)-reinforced composites due to the large interface area per unit volume at the composite. The modeling of CNT/polymer interfaces has been a challenge in the continuum modeling of CNT-reinforced composites. This paper presents a review of recent progress to model the CNT/matrix interfaces via a cohesive law established from the van der Waals force. A simple, analytical cohesive law is obtained from the inter-atomic potential, and is used to study the effect of CNT/matrix interfaces on the macroscopic properties of CNT-reinforced composites.

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Qu, Hong Chang, Xiao Zhou Xia, Hong Yuan Li, and Zhi Qiang Xiong. "Mechanical Analysis of Unidirectional Fiber-Reinforced Polymers under Transverse Compression and Tension." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.84.

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The mechanical behavior of polymer–matrix composites uniaxially reinforced with carbon or glass fibers subjected to compression/tension perpendicular to the fibers was studied using computational micromechanics. This is carried out using the finite element simulation of a representative volume element of the microstructure idealized as a random dispersion of parallel fibers embedded in the polymeric matrix. Two different interface strength values were chosen to explore the limiting cases of composites with strong or weak interfaces, and the actual failure mechanisms (plastic deformation of the matrix and interface decohesion) are included in the simulations through the corresponding constitutive models. Composites with either perfect or weak fiber/matrix interfaces (the latter introduced through cohesive elements) were studied to assess the influence of interface strength on the composite behavior. It was found that the composite properties under transverse compression/tension were mainly controlled by interface strength and the matrix yield strength in uniaxial compression/tension.

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Cornie, James A. "Designing Interfaces." MRS Bulletin 16, no. 4 (1991): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400057079.

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During the 20 years I have been working in the field of metal matrix composites, I have always been drawn to the study of interfaces. Any problems the materials researcher or developer encounters will eventually be tied to some issue involving the interface. The interface controls the in-situ fiber strength and hence the axial strength of the composite. The transverse strength of composites is also controlled directly by the strength of the interface. It follows that in order to optimize a fiber/matrix reinforcement system, one must also optimize the interface. It is no accident, then, that so soon after the two excellent issues on interfaces edited by D. Wolf and S. Yip (MRS Bulletin, September and October 1990), we launch into the subject again. This time, we approach the interface from the point of view of integrating the fields of materials science and engineering, i.e., integrating the structure-processing-properties-materialssynthesis relationships.The concept of interface design is relatively new. Until recently, we simply controlled damage and limited fiber degradation by controlling processing variables, and contented ourselves with what nature allowed. For the most demanding applications, nature was not permitting reliable structures.Our emphasis in this issue of the MRS Bulletin is the development of the skills and strategies to design interfaces to a specifie application. In the future, we will be asking materials to perform structurally at temperatures approaching 3000°C in some propulsion applications. The success of such applications will depend on how well we design the interfaces.

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Wang, Liqun, and Liwei Shi. "A Numerical Method for Solving Matrix Coefficient Heat Equations with Interfaces." Numerical Mathematics: Theory, Methods and Applications 8, no. 4 (2015): 475–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4208/nmtma.2015.m1331.

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AbstractIn this paper, we propose a numerical method for solving the heat equations with interfaces. This method uses the non-traditional finite element method together with finite difference method to get solutions with second-order accuracy. It is capable of dealing with matrix coefficient involving time, and the interfaces under consideration are sharp-edged interfaces instead of smooth interfaces. Modified Euler Method is employed to ensure the accuracy in time. More than 1.5th order accuracy is observed for solution with singularity (second derivative blows up) on the sharp-edged interface corner. Extensive numerical experiments illustrate the feasibility of the method.

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Siao, Fu-Cih, and Yu-Cheng Lin. "ENHANCING CONSTRUCTION INTERFACE MANAGEMENT USING MULTILEVEL INTERFACE MATRIX APPROACH / RYŠIŲ VADYBOS STATYBOJE GERINIMAS TAIKANT ĮVAIRIALYGIŲ RYŠIŲ MATRICOS METODĄ." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 18, no. 1 (2012): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2012.657368.

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Many interfaces typically exist in the construction phase of a project. Since project participants usually fail to share interface information, most interfaces are difficult to solve effectively during that phase. Furthermore, future activities might not be implemented based on changes made by predecessors. In practice, failure to manage interfaces may result in additional work or in low project performance. In order to manage construction interfaces effectively, this study proposes the novel Multilevel Interface (MI) Matrix approach to enhance interface management during the construction phase of construction projects. By using the MI matrix approach, construction interface issues will be tracked and man-aged easily and effectively. Furthermore, this study develops a construction web matrix-based interface management (WMIM) system integrated with the proposed MI Matrix approach. The MI matrix approach and WMIM system are applied to a pilot test to illustrate how to support interface management during the construction project. As results of the pilot test indicate, the MI matrix approach and WMIM system provide an effective interface management tool for the construction phase. Santrauka Statybos projekto statybos darbų etapui būdinga tai, kad su įvairiais subjektais palaikoma gausybė ryšių. Daugumą jų šiame etape veiksmingai palaikyti dažniausiai ne itin lengva, nes projekto dalyviai paprastai informacija apie juos nesidalija. Be to, perimantys darbą gali ir nesiremti savo pirmtakų padarytais pakeitimais. Praktine prasme nesugebant valdyti ryšių, gali tekti darbus perdaryti arba projekto efektyvumas gali sumažėti. Efektyviam su statyba susijusių ryšių valdymui šiame darbe siūlomas novatoriškas įvairialygių ryšių (ĮR) matricos metodas, leidžiantis pagerinti ryšių valdymą statybos projekto statybos darbų etape. Taikant ĮR matricos metodą lengva veiksmingai sekti ir valdyti statybų ryšių klausimus. Be to, atliekant tyrimą sukuriama projekto dalyviams skirta internetinė matricinė statybų ryšių valdymo (WMIM) sistema, į kurią įtrauktas siūlomas ĮR matricos metodas. Taip pat, taikant ĮR matricos metodą ir WMIM sistemą, atliekamas bandymas, rodantis, kaip jie padeda valdyti statybos projekto ryšius. Bandymo rezultatai rodo, kad ĮR matricos metodas ir WMIM sistema – tai efektyvi ryšių valdymo priemonė statybos darbų etape.

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Evans, A. G. "Interfacial phenomena in the fracture resistance of interfaces." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 46 (1988): 720–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100105667.

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In composite systems, the mechanical response of interfaces to the approach of cracks that initially form either in the matrix or in the fiber dominates the mechanical performance. In particular, in brittle matrix composites, the interface must have a sufficiently low fracture resistance compared with that of both the fiber and matrix that the crack diverts into the interface and debonds the fiber, Thereafter, the debonded fiber must be able to slide against the matrix with a low friction stress in order to inhibit fiber failure and thus enhance pull-out. These processes are schematically illustrated in Fig. 1. Mechanics investigations have established requirements concerning debonding and sliding that must be satisfied in order to achieve good composite properties. At the simplest level, these studies reveal that the fracture energy of the interface should be less than about one-third that of either the fiber or the matrix.

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Chawla, K. K. "Interfaces in metal matrix composites." Composite Interfaces 4, no. 5 (1996): 287–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156855497x00046.

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Shahzamanian, Mohammadmehdi, Zhutian Xu, and Peidong Wu. "Scripts to Insert Cohesive Elements at the Interfaces between Matrix and Precipitates with Irregular Shapes in Representative Volume Elements in ABAQUS." Applied Sciences 13, no. 22 (2023): 12281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132212281.

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A MATLAB algorithm was developed to insert cohesive elements at the interfaces between the matrix and precipitates in two dimensional (2D) representative volume elements (RVEs) of metals. The RVEs were created using OOF2 and imported into the “Complete ABAQUS Environment” (CAE) interface. These RVEs are based on actual images of the metal at the microscale, where the precipitates have irregular shapes. The RVEs contain precipitates that are dispersed into matrix materials. Commercial finite element (FE) ABAQUS software does not provide the option to automatically generate cohesive elements at the interfaces. The presented algorithm enables the insertion of cohesive elements at the interfaces between the matrix and precipitate in a convenient manner. This algorithm enables the simulation of the fracture process, including initiation at the interfaces and propagation at microscale, for metals that contain precipitates and/or particles. This algorithm extends the simulation capabilities of the FE solver ABAQUS.

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Lamon, Jacques, and Stephane Pompidou. "Micromechanics-Based Evaluation of Interfaces in Ceramic Matrix Composites." Advances in Science and Technology 50 (October 2006): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.50.37.

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Interfaces are a key element in ceramic matrix composites, but also in several material assemblies, such as, for instance, multilayers. This is not only because they can cause crack deflection and make materials damage tolerant, but also because they can be tailored with regard to material performances. An approach to crack deflection at interfaces or within interphases is proposed on the basis of the following Cook and Gordon’s mechanism: a crack is nucleated along an interface, ahead of a propagating crack; deflection of this crack then results from coalescence with the interface crack. The stress state induced by a crack was computed in a cell of bimaterial using the finite element method. The cell represents a matrix and a fiber, or an interphase and a fiber or two layers in a multilayer. A master curve was established. It represents the debonding condition based on strengths and elastic moduli of constituents. Then a deviation potential was defined. Deviation potentials were calculated for various fibre/matrix or layer combinations.

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Siirtola, Harri, and Erkki Mäkinen. "Constructing and Reconstructing the Reorderable Matrix." Information Visualization 4, no. 1 (2005): 32–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.ivs.9500086.

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We consider the backgrounds, applications, implementations, and user interfaces of the reorderable matrix originally introduced by Jacques Bertin. As a new tool for handling the matrix, we propose a new kind of interface for interactive cluster analysis. As the main tool to order the rows and columns, we use the well-known barycenter heuristic. Two user tests are performed to verify the usefulness of the automatic tools.

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Mitra, R., W. A. Chiou, M. E. Fine, and J. R. Weertman. "Interfaces in as-extrudedXDAl/TiC and Al/TiB2metal matrix composites." Journal of Materials Research 8, no. 9 (1993): 2380–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1993.2380.

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A detailed study was conducted of the microstructure and particle-matrix interfaces in Al/TiCpmetal matrix composites prepared by theXDprocess and subsequent extrusion. A study of the morphology of the TiC particles showed that the surfaces are low index (111) and (200) planes, the former being more common. Direct contact on an atomic scale is established between Al and TiC, allowing chemical bonds to form. Young's modulus is in the range expected for a composite of Al and TiC with good interfacial bonding and load transfer to the particles. No third element has been detected at the interfaces, showing that they are clean. Both incoherent and semicoherent interfaces are seen. The interface character depends on the size of the particles and their orientation with respect to the neighboring Al grains. “Special” interfaces with evidence for nearly periodic dislocations were observed in bothXDAl/TiC and Al/TiB2composites, indicating the general tendency ofin situcomposites to lower their interfacial energy by forming such boundaries.

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PRIVMAN, VLADIMIR. "FLUCTUATING INTERFACES, SURFACE TENSION, AND CAPILLARY WAVES: AN INTRODUCTION." International Journal of Modern Physics C 03, no. 05 (1992): 857–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183192000531.

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We present an introduction to modern theories of interfacial fluctuations and the associated interfacial parameters: surface tension and surface stiffness, as well as their interpretation within the capillary wave model. Transfer matrix spectrum properties due to fluctuation of an interface in a long-cylinder geometry are reviewed. The roughening transition and properties of rigid interfaces below the roughening temperature in 3d lattice models are surveyed with emphasis on differences in fluctuations and transfer matrix spectral properties of rigid vs. rough interfaces.

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Dutta, B., and M. K. Surappa. "Studies on age-hardening characteristics of ceramic particle/matrix interfaces in Al–Cu–SiCp composites using ultra low-load-dynamic microhardness measurements." Journal of Materials Research 12, no. 10 (1997): 2773–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1997.0369.

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Ultra low-load-dynamic microhardness testing facilitates the hardness measurements in a very low volume of the material and thus is suited for characterization of the interfaces in MMC's. This paper details the studies on age-hardening behavior of the interfaces in Al–Cu–5SiCp composites characterized using this technique. Results of hardness studies have been further substantiated by TEM observations. In the solution-treated condition, hardness is maximum at the particle/matrix interface and decreases with increasing distance from the interface. This could be attributed to the presence of maximum dislocation density at the interface which decreases with increasing distance from the interface. In the case of composites subjected to high temperature aging, hardening at the interface is found to be faster than the bulk matrix and the aging kinetics becomes progressively slower with increasing distance from the interface. This is attributed to the dislocation density gradient at the interface, leading to enhanced nucleation and growth of precipitates at the interface compared to the bulk matrix. TEM observations reveal that the sizes of the precipitates decrease with increasing distance from the interface and thus confirms the retardation in aging kinetics with increasing distance from the interface.

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Li, Xingguo, Bingbing An, and Dongsheng Zhang. "Effect of Interfacial Properties on the Mechanical Behavior of Bone-Like Materials: A Numerical Study." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 09, no. 01 (2017): 1750014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825117500144.

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Interfacial behavior in the microstructure and the plastic deformation in the protein matrix influence the overall mechanical properties of biological hard tissues. A cohesive finite element model has been developed to investigate the inelastic mechanical properties of bone-like biocomposites consisting of hard mineral crystals embedded in soft biopolymer matrix. In this study, the complex interaction between plastic dissipation in the matrix and bonding properties of the interface between minerals and matrix is revealed, and the effect of such interaction on the toughening of bone-like biocomposites is identified. For the case of strong and intermediate interfaces, the toughness of biocomposites is controlled by the post yield behavior of biopolymer; the matrix with low strain hardening can undergo significant plastic deformation, thereby promoting enhanced fracture toughness of biocomposites. For the case of weak interfaces, the toughness of biocomposites is governed by the bonding property of the interface, and the post-yield behavior of biopolymer shows negligible effect on the toughness. The findings of this study help to direct the path for designing bioinspired materials with superior mechanical properties.

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Zhang, Jun, Longhai Zeng, and Lian Liu. "Scattering Attenuation of SH-Waves in Fiber-Reinforced Composites with Partial Imperfectly Bonded Interfaces." Shock and Vibration 2018 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2341797.

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The influence of partial imperfectly bonded interfaces between each fiber and the matrix on the scattering attenuation of coherent SH-waves in fiber-reinforced composites is investigated. The imperfection of interfaces is modelled using the spring model, in which the level of imperfection is characterized by a parameter K, which is called the stiffness of the imperfect interfaces. First, the single scattering of SH-waves by a cylindrical fiber with such a partial imperfectly bonded interface to the matrix is formulated and subsequently solved using the collocation point (CP) method. Later on, based on the analysis of the corresponding single scattering problem, effects of several parameters (i.e., frequency of the incident wave, level of imperfection of interfaces, and width of the imperfect interfaces) on the far-field scattering magnitude, scattering cross section, and scattering attenuation coefficients of coherent SH-waves are shown graphically. The potential application of the current results to nondestructive evaluation of interfaces in composites is also discussed.

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Suganuma, Katsuaki. "Interfaces in β–SiC whiskers/6061 aluminum composites". Journal of Materials Research 8, № 10 (1993): 2569–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1993.2569.

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6061 alloy matrix composites reinforced with β–SiC whiskers were fabricated both by squeeze casting and by hot-pressing and were heat-treated in the temperature range between 600 °C and 800 °C. The changes in interface microstructure were observed by transmission electron microscopy. In all treatment conditions, no special reaction product, e.g., Al4C3, were observed except for fine γ–Al2O3 particles adhering to the whiskers. A direct lattice connection at the whiskers/matrix interfaces was observed in all composites. β–SiC whiskers were proved to be quite stable in the 6061 matrix.

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Taya, M., and T. Mori. "Dislocation Punching From Ceramic/Metal Interfaces." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 116, no. 3 (1994): 408–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2904306.

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Relaxation of misfit strains at interfaces between two different materials by dislocation punching is studied analytically by focusing on two types of interfaces: planar and nonplanar. As an example of planar type interface, the case of metal coating/ ceramic substrate system is studied while ceramic filler/metal matrix composite system is examined as an example of a nonplanar interface. Based on the present analytical model, the condition for dislocation punching for each interface is established. Validity of the dislocation punching model is verified by comparing the analytical results with limited experimental results, resulting in a good agreement.

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Cornie, James A., Ali S. Argon, and Vijay Gupta. "Designing Interfaces in Inorganic Matrix Composites." MRS Bulletin 16, no. 4 (1991): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400057080.

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The key to controlling and predicting the properties of metal matrix composites lies in understanding and controlling the interface. When properly designed, the interface between reinforcing fibers and the matrix or protective coating can act as a mechanical fuse through a controlled delamination mechanism.Controlled delamination, in effect, results in the decoupling of fibers from early damage due to stress concentrations in the vicinity. The delamination event must precede the crack bridging and frictional pull-out mechanisms that have been so effectively demonstrated in ceramic matrix composites. The delamination event, therefore, is the necessary precondition, and so analysis of composite toughening must start with a definition of the conditions for interface debonding.This decoupling can be expressed in terms of cohesive strength of the interface, shear strength of the interface, and fiber fracture stress. In a related but alternative manner, debonding can be expressed in terms of the intrinsic work of fracture of the interface as compared to the transverse work of fracture of the fiber.

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Zhou, Li-Min, Jang-Kyo Kim, and Yiu-Wing Mai. "Micromechanical characterisation of fibre/matrix interfaces." Composites Science and Technology 48, no. 1-4 (1993): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-3538(93)90140-c.

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Poole, Kate, Mirko Moroni, and Gary R. Lewin. "Sensory mechanotransduction at membrane-matrix interfaces." Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology 467, no. 1 (2014): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00424-014-1563-6.

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Rohatgi, P. K., S. Ray, R. Asthana, and C. S. Narendranath. "Interfaces in cast metal-matrix composites." Materials Science and Engineering: A 162, no. 1-2 (1993): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-5093(90)90041-z.

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Clyne, T. W. "Metal matrix composites: Processing and interfaces." Materials Science and Engineering: A 154, no. 1 (1992): 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-5093(92)90371-7.

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Shi, Yin, Yongping Wan, and Zheng Zhong. "Anti-plane time-harmonic Green’s functions for a coated circular inhomogeneity in a piezoelectric medium with spring- or membrane-type imperfect interfaces." Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids 22, no. 9 (2016): 1813–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081286516647441.

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Two-dimensional anti-plane time-harmonic dynamic Green’s functions for a coated circular inhomogeneity in an infinitely extended matrix with spring- or membrane-type imperfect interfaces are presented. The inhomogeneity, coating and matrix are all assumed to be piezoelectric and transversely isotropic. By using the Bessel function expansions, explicit solutions for the electromechanical fields induced by a time-harmonic anti-plane line force and line charge located in the unbounded matrix, the annular coating and the circular inhomogeneity are derived. The present solutions can recover the anti-plane Green’s functions for some special cases, such as the dynamic or quasi-static Green’s functions of piezoelectricity with perfect interfaces, as well as the dynamic or quasi-static Green’s functions for a two-phase composite with perfect or imperfect interfaces. By means of detailed discussions, selected calculated results are graphically shown to demonstrate the dependence of the electromechanical fields on the circular frequency and the interface properties as well as the coating and size of the inclusion.

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Bastwros, Mina M. H., and Gap Yong Kim. "Fabrication of Metal Laminate Composites with Interface Reinforcement by Semi-Solid Sintering." Solid State Phenomena 256 (September 2016): 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.256.205.

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Semi-solid sintering technique has been introduced to alter the interfaces of a metal laminate composite material. A thin layer of reinforcement nanoparticles was applied on substrate metallic sheets using an ultrasonic spray deposition method. The sheets were then stacked, pressed, and sintered in the semi-solid regime of the metallic sheet. The liquid phase present in the matrix material penetrates and diffuses into the nanoparticle layer during consolidation and helps to form a gradual, nanostructured interface. Aluminum (Al6061) and magnesium (AZ31) alloy foils were used as the matrix sheets while various species of reinforcement particles were investigated, including silicon carbide (SiC), silicon (Si), and a mix of Si+SiC. Multilayered metal composites with nanostructured interfaces were successfully consolidated and were evaluated by performing a three-point bend test. AZ31 composites reinforced with SiC nanoparticle interface showed an improvement of 49% in flexural yield strength when compared with a reference sample without such interfaces.

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Upadhyay, P. C., S. Yadav, Larry Banta, and Donald Lyons. "Stress Concentration in the Matrix with Degraded Fiber–Matrix Interfaces." Journal of Composite Materials 40, no. 18 (2006): 1625–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998306060165.

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Yu, R., S. Zhang, L. L. He, W. T. Wu, and H. Q. Ye. "Metal/ceramic interface in an in situsynthesized Ti/TiCP composite coating by laser processing." Journal of Materials Research 16, no. 1 (2001): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2001.0003.

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The metal/ceramic interface in an in situ synthesized Ti/TiCP composite coating by laser processing was analyzed using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The TiC particles were distributed uniformly in the matrix and were highly faceted. The interfaces between the TiC particles and the β matrix were abrupt and free of any other reaction phases. It was the Ti-terminated TiC surface that bonded to the β matrix, resulting in the metallic bonding between the TiC particles and the matrix.

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Li, Tian Bao, Zhao Yang, Bing Li, and Yu Long Ye. "Mechanical Properties of Hypo/Hyper-Eutectic Al-Si Bi-Metal Composite Parts Prepared by Thixo-Forging." Solid State Phenomena 192-193 (October 2012): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.192-193.95.

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Hypo/hyper-eutectic Al-Si bi-metal composite parts were prepared by the strain-induced melt activated (SIMA) thixo-forging. The interfaces of the bi-metal composites were observed using OM, and SEM. The tensile strength and hardness of the matrix alloys and the bonding strength at the interface were assessed by tensile test and micro-indent test. Results show that the eutectic structure joined together on the interface under the pressure. However, there are some defects such as holes and impurities were found near the interface. The tensile test samples were broken in Al-20 wt. % Si matrix. The bonding strengths at the interfaces were higher than 80 MPa. Results show that the hardness gradually increasing from 55 HV in Al-7 wt. % Si alloy to 180 HV in Al-20 wt. % Si alloy, which demonstrate the composite interface transited smoothly. The composite interface has an average hardness of 80 HV.

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MARCHETTI, Fabien, and Fabien CHEVILLOTTE. "Accounting of imperfect interfaces in multilayer modeling." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 270, no. 4 (2024): 7477–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2024_3965.

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Multilayer systems are widely used in industry for their performances as compared with homogeneous materials. The layers are usually glued together but the bonding may be imperfect (air bubble, detachment). The interfaces are generally modeled as sliding or bonded. These two behaviors can be significantly different and the actual behavior is generally somewhere in between. The vibroacoustic behavior of the structure is thus modified by the imperfect interface. Several models have been implemented to describe the dynamic behavior of multilayer systems with imperfect interfaces. In this paper, we propose an analytical model of imperfect interfaces based on the Transfer Matrix Method (TMM). Two computations are performed in parallel (one with a perfectly bonded interface and the other with a sliding interface). Instead of mixing impedances or admittances matrices, a mixing law on the state variables is applied, resulting in an equivalent global matrix which can be coupled in any multi-layer. The model is compared in terms of the sound absorption or sound transmission loss with the existing ones and is applied on different classical multilayer systems with multi-layered solid plates and a multilayer composed of a porous layer with a heavy layer which is widely used in the automotive industry.

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Goushegir, S. M., P. O. Guglielmi, Antonio Pedro Novaes de Oliveira, Dachamir Hotza, and Rolf Janssen. "Fiber-Matrix Compatibility in LZSA Glass-Ceramic Matrix Composites." Materials Science Forum 727-728 (August 2012): 562–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.727-728.562.

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Continuous fiber reinforced glass-ceramic (GC) matrix composites are potential candidates for thermomechanical applications at moderate temperatures (up to 1000°C) due to the combination of interesting properties such as high specific strength and toughness. Crack deflection into fiber-matrix interface, as well as subsequent fiber pullout and bridging are the respective toughening mechanisms. In this paper, the compatibility between LZSA glass-ceramic matrix and commercially available oxide alumina fibers (NextelTM610) is qualitatively examined. Toughening mechanisms such as crack deflection and fiber pullout are investigated by analyzing the path of Vickers-induced matrix cracks formed in the vicinity of the fibers and by investigating the crack surface of bending samples, respectively. GC matrix samples sintered and crystallized at different heat-treatment conditions have shown strong interfacial bonds between matrix and fibers, which leads to a brittle fracture without significant fiber pullout in all cases. This behavior indicates the requirement of using fiber coatings in this CMC system, to produce weak interfaces that enable toughening mechanisms to take place.

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Wang, Mei Ling, Xidong Hui, and Guo Liang Chen. "Influence of Nb on the Interface Structure of Tungsten Fiber Reinforced Zr-Based Bulk Metallic Glass Composites." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 3389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.3389.

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Zr-based metallic-glass matrix composites, which are reinforced by continuous tungsten fibers, were prepared by melt infiltration casting. The interface structure was analyzed by using X-Ray diffraction, SEM and EPMA. The results illustrate that for the Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30 matrix composite, in addition to the interface diffusion, an interface eutectoid reaction between W fiber and Zr in the liquid state takes place and forms W5Zr3 phase at the interface during casting, the interface is included in Class Ⅲ system; but for (Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30)0.98Nb2 and Zr57Al10Ni12.6Cu15.4Nb5 matrix composite, the addition of Nb restrains the interface eutectoid reaction effectively, which may be attributed to reducing diffusion coefficient of Zr through the interface, and there is only a thinner diffusion layer at the interfaces, the type of interface is changed to the Class Ⅱ system

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Zhu, Wen Liang, Dong Mei Luo, Ying Long Zhou, and Wen Xue Wang. "An Analytical Model of Stress-Transfer in the Nano-Composites with Debonding Interface." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 4599–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.4599.

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An improved shear-lag analytical model has been established to study stress transfer in carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced polymer matrix composites with and without debonding interface. The Poisson’s effect and radial effect of matrix is considered in the model for the first time, and a simplified 2D representative volume element (RVE) is modeled using a four-phase composite composed of matrix, nanotube, bonded, and debonded interfaces in this analysis, and the axial stress for CNT and matrix and interfacial shear stress along the CNT is predicted. The results show that load transfer efficiency in CNT reinforced composites is affected by the debonding length, and the abrupt change of shear stress is existent at the tip of debonding interface.

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Yiqiang, He, Bin Qiao, Na Wang, Jianming Yang, Jinsong Chen, and Zhen-hua Chen. "A Study on the Interfacial Structure of Spray-Deposited SiCP / Al-Fe-V-Si Composite." Advanced Composites Letters 18, no. 4 (2009): 096369350901800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369350901800404.

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SiCP/Al-Fe-V-Si composite was prepared by spray-deposition. Two kinds of interfaces between SiC particle and the Al matrix were observed in the composite. One was constituted by the glassy silica which could decrease the formation of Al4C3, improve wettability, avoid particle consumption and increase the interfacial strength. The other was a diffusion interface without any interfacial phase which resulted in a high strength bonding at the SiC interface. Fine twinned Al4C3 phases formed in the matrix near the interface, then strengthened the composite further.

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Zhang, Xuanning, Hao Xu, Yanyu Liang, et al. "Molecular Simulation of Electron Traps in Epoxy Resin/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites." Polymers 14, no. 19 (2022): 4208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14194208.

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Trapped space charges in epoxy composite distort the electric field, which will induce the failure of the insulation system, and nano graphene oxide may inhibit the curing behavior of epoxy resin matrix. This paper analyzes how the two interfaces affect the electron traps of epoxy resin/graphene oxide systems with different nanofiller contents. The electron affinity energy of epoxy resin matrix and nano filler molecules in the epoxy resin/graphene oxide system is calculated based on quantum chemistry. It is found that nano graphene oxide has a strong electron affinity energy and is easier to capture electrons. Then the influence of the interface formed by the epoxy resin matrix and the nano graphene oxide on the electron transfer ability is calculated. The epoxy resin matrix contains the electron transfer ability of interfaces formed by nano graphene oxide and the molecular chain is different from that of unreacted molecules. The results can provide a reference for the modification of epoxy resin/graphene oxide nanocomposites.

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Hoffmann, Peter, Yutaka Nomaguchi, Keishiro Hara, et al. "Multi-Domain Design Structure Matrix Approach Applied to Urban System Modeling." Urban Science 4, no. 2 (2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci4020028.

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Modeling the urban system for urban health and well-being with the aim of finding ways to optimize the well-being of urban dwellers is a complex task. Different modeling approaches that consider specific parts of the urban system, e.g., environmental stressors, urban society, and urban morphology, need to be integrated. The conceptual model of health-related urban well-being (UrbWellth) has been constructed to provide a structure for an integrated modeling framework. However, interfaces between the different modeling approaches were not sufficiently identified until now. The challenge to specify and operationalize these interfaces is met by using the Design Structure Matrix (DSM) concept, which is widely used in design engineering. It is used here to identify necessary interfaces within the urban system by determining the relevant interface variables and processes. The conceptual model for UrbWellth is used to construct a DSM. The results of a clustering of this UrbWellth-based DSM reveal that the structure of the conceptual model is indeed suitable to serve as a basis for an integrated model. Further, a Multi-Domain DSM (MDDSM), which is an extension of the DSM based on expert knowledge from individual modelers, identified the interface variables for the integrated model components as well as the processes for which different modeling approaches need to be coordinated. Moreover, the approach based on MDDSM identified processes that are not yet covered by the available modeling approaches.

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Fu, Xuemin, Jiaxin Jiang, and Xiaosong Jiang. "Research Progress in Interfacial Characteristics and Strengthening Mechanisms of Rare Earth Metal Oxide-Reinforced Copper Matrix Composites." Materials 15, no. 15 (2022): 5350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15155350.

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The existence of a small amount of rare earth metal oxides (REMOs) can greatly affect the structure and function of copper matrix composites owing to improvement of surface and interface properties between REMOs and metal matrix, and there are still some challenges concerning interfaces and complex interfacial reactions. This review summarizes the interfacial characteristics and strengthening mechanisms of REMO-reinforced copper matrix composites, including fabrication methods for solving rare earth metal oxide-dispersion problems and characterization of the microstructure and properties of REMO-reinforced copper matrix composites. In particular, the strengthening effects of various rare earth metal oxide-reinforced copper matrix composites are systematically summarized. The interface characteristics of composites from a thermodynamics standpoint and the strengthening mechanism are emphatically investigated and discussed in order to help unveil design principles and to provide reference for future research of REMO-reinforced copper matrix composites.

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Jiang, Xin, Mingze Gao, Jing Zhu, Hongwei Ji, and Fengchao Lang. "Studying the Interfacial Properties of Carbon/Glass Hybrid Composites via the Nanoindentation Method." Polymers 14, no. 14 (2022): 2897. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14142897.

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The mechanical properties of hybrid composite interfaces are critical in determining the overall properties of composite materials. To investigate the mechanical performance of hybrid composite interfaces, an accurate and efficient method must be developed. In this work, nanoindentation is used in this work to investigate the mechanical performance of the carbon/glass interface and the influence of the distance between carbon and the glass fibers on the modulus of the thermoset matrix. The results show that the interface sizes around the carbon and glass fibers are around 1.5 and 2.0 μm, respectively. The modulus around the carbon fibers is 5–11 GPa without the fiber effect, while that around the glass fibers is 4–10 GPa. The modulus of the matrix is not affected by the two types of fibers when the distance between them is greater than 4.5 μm.

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Ivakin, Anatoliy N. "A T-matrix approach to wave propagation and scattering in layered environments with rough interfaces." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 155, no. 3_Supplement (2024): A174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0027216.

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Wave propagation and interactions at the interfaces of multi-layered media can be described in terms of transition matrix coefficients, or T- matrixes, taken from solutions for a plane wave transformation, reflection, scattering, and transmission, at an interface between two homogeneous half- spaces. These solutions can be found separately for each interface of the layered system and each combination of adjacent media. Then scattering amplitudes or the T-matrix of the whole multi-layered system can be obtained using an iterative procedure that starts from a simple case of two half-spaces at the basement of the system. A quite similar iterative procedure is frequently used for calculating the reflection coefficient of compressional plane waves for a multi-layered fluid system with flat interfaces using the reflection coefficients of each interface. In this paper, we show that a similar, but a more general T-matrix approach, can be developed to include interface roughness, different types of media and waves, for instance fluid, elastic or poroelastic layers, compressional and shear waves (vertically and horizontally polarized). As an example, scattering from a rough elastic layer is considered. An explicit first-order expression for the scattering strength is obtained and it’s applications to remote sensing of sea ice layer are discussed. [Work supported by ONR.]

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Zhang, Cheng Shan. "The Interface Design of a Dot Matrix Liquid Crystal Display." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 3822–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.3822.

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A new LCD interface design is put forward in this paper. The design solves the problems of taking too much time to deal with data and different interfaces which exists in common LCD. With this method, it is not necessary to proceed time-consuming LCD control and dot matrix operation, which is in favor of real-time processing of mass data by controller.

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Balestri, Wendy, Graham J. Hickman, Robert H. Morris, John A. Hunt, and Yvonne Reinwald. "Triphasic 3D In Vitro Model of Bone-Tendon-Muscle Interfaces to Study Their Regeneration." Cells 12, no. 2 (2023): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12020313.

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The transition areas between different tissues, known as tissue interfaces, have limited ability to regenerate after damage, which can lead to incomplete healing. Previous studies focussed on single interfaces, most commonly bone-tendon and bone-cartilage interfaces. Herein, we develop a 3D in vitro model to study the regeneration of the bone-tendon-muscle interface. The 3D model was prepared from collagen and agarose, with different concentrations of hydroxyapatite to graduate the tissues from bones to muscles, resulting in a stiffness gradient. This graduated structure was fabricated using indirect 3D printing to provide biologically relevant surface topographies. MG-63, human dermal fibroblasts, and Sket.4U cells were found suitable cell models for bones, tendons, and muscles, respectively. The biphasic and triphasic hydrogels composing the 3D model were shown to be suitable for cell growth. Cells were co-cultured on the 3D model for over 21 days before assessing cell proliferation, metabolic activity, viability, cytotoxicity, tissue-specific markers, and matrix deposition to determine interface formations. The studies were conducted in a newly developed growth chamber that allowed cell communication while the cell culture media was compartmentalised. The 3D model promoted cell viability, tissue-specific marker expression, and new matrix deposition over 21 days, thereby showing promise for the development of new interfaces.

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Hu, Ming, Hai Ting Hu, Zheng Xiao Hong, Suk Bong Kang, and Kwang Jun Euh. "Microstructural Characterization of Sprayed Aluminum Matrix Composites Reinforced by SiC Particles." Materials Science Forum 546-549 (May 2007): 657–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.546-549.657.

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The microstructures of sprayed SiCp/Al composite fabricated by thermal spraying technique by optical microscope (OM)scanning electronic microscope (SEM), transmission electronic microscope (TEM), X-ray (diffractometer) XRD, selected area electron diffraction (SAED), energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) techniques, were investigated. The composite consisted of SiC and Al, along with single crystal Si and amorphorous Si, and tiny Al2O3. The interfaces between SiC particles and Al matrix bonded well, and tiny reactants like Al2O3 were found near the interfaces. The mechanisms of chemical reactions during sprayin were discussed g. The nano-Al grains and particles were observed in the sprayed composite. The formation of nano-Al grains and particles of SiCp/ Al composites were explained. It has been found that Several interface relationships existed in the sprayed composite.

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Shatwell, R. A. "Fibre-matrix interfaces in titanium matrix composites made with sigma monofilament." Materials Science and Engineering: A 259, no. 2 (1999): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(98)00885-5.

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Namilae, S., and N. Chandra. "Multiscale Model to Study the Effect of Interfaces in Carbon Nanotube-Based Composites." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 127, no. 2 (2005): 222–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1857940.

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In order to fully harness the outstanding mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNT) as fiber reinforcements, it is essential to understand the nature of load transfer in the fiber matrix interfacial region of CNT-based composites. With controlled experimentation on nanoscale interfaces far off, molecular dynamics (MD) is evolving as the primary method to model these systems and processes. While MD is capable of simulating atomistic behavior in a deterministic manner, the extremely small length and time scales modeled by MD necessitate multiscale approaches. To study the atomic scale interface effects on composite behavior, we herein develop a hierarchical multiscale methodology linking molecular dynamics and the finite element method through atomically informed cohesive zone model parameters to represent interfaces. Motivated by the successful application of pullout tests in conventional composites, we simulate fiber pullout tests of carbon nanotubes in a given matrix using MD. The results of the pullout simulations are then used to evaluate cohesive zone model parameters. These cohesive zone models (CZM) are then used in a finite element setting to study the macroscopic mechanical response of the composites. Thus, the method suggested explicitly accounts for the behavior of nanoscale interfaces existing between the matrix and CNT. The developed methodology is used to study the effect of interface strength on stiffness of the CNT-based composite.

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Ma, Chang Bing, and Hong Fu Qiang. "The Effect of Interface Damage on Macroscopic Constitutive Behavior of Composite Materials." Advanced Materials Research 217-218 (March 2011): 1001–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.217-218.1001.

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Base on the finite element method, the effect of interface damage on macroscopic constitutive behavior of composite materials subjected to uniaxial tension was studied. A bilinear cohesive law, which relates the traction and displacement jumps, was adopted to model the debonding of particle/matrix interface. Stress-strain curves for a material with different interface properties, particle size and volume fraction were discussed in detail. The results show that the damage due to debonding of particle/matrix interfaces can significantly affect the macroscopic response of composite materials, and that the interaction of particles is innegligible in multi-particle structure.

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Xiao, S. Q., A. H. Heuer, and P. Pirouz. "A HREM study of the interfaces between TiO2 precipitates and the Al2O3 matrix in star sapphire." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 1 (1992): 228–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100121545.

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The asterism, or star effect, present in star sapphire (Ti-doped A12O3) single crystals is known to arise from the needle-like rutile(r) (TiO2) precipitates in the sapphire(s) matrix. The specific orientation relationship between the precipitates and the matrix is {100}r//{0003}s and <011>r//<1010>s . In this work we report a HREM study of the rutile/sapphire interface.The cross-section perpendicular to the needle axis of a very small precipitate, which is coherent, or has just one misfit dislocation at its interface, is a rhombus; the precipitate/matrix interface (habit plane) is {111}r{1123}s. As the coherency break down and misfit dislocations are introduced into the interface, the shape of the cross-section becomes nearly square; the two orthogonal interfaces are {100}r//0003}s and {011}r//{1120}s. Larger precipitates show rectangular interfaces elongated along the {100}r//{0003}s interface (Fig.l). A regular array of misfit dislocations with Burger vector b = 1/3<0001>S are present at the {011}r//{1120}s interface, the mean distance between every two adjacent 1/3<0001>S misfit dislocations being 8.7 nm which compensates exactly the 5.9% lattice mismatch estimated from the lattice constants of these two structures. Similarly, a regular array of misfit dislocations with Burgers vector b = 1/3<1010>S at the {100}r//{0003}s interface compensates the 4.5% lattice mismatch at that interface.

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Braski, D. N., and K. B. Alexander. "Auger electron spectroscopy analysis of SiC-whisker surfaces and SiC-whisker/alumina interfaces." Journal of Materials Research 10, no. 4 (1995): 1016–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1995.1016.

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Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) has been used to examine as-received and oxidized silicon carbide whiskers and their respective whisker/matrix interfaces after fabrication into SiC-whisker-reinforced alumina composites. As-received whisker surfaces exhibited a 2–3 nm-thick near-surface region that was C-rich. Oxygen was detected at the outer surface, but diminished to near zero within 25 nm of the surface. Oxidized whiskers had 60 nm-thick SiO2 surface layers, which was in agreement with the transmission electron microscopy observations. The whisker/matrix interfaces in both composites consisted of thin (<0.5 nm) layers of a C-Si-O noncrystalline material. The thick SiO2 layers on the oxidized whiskers were ejected from the interfaces during hot-pressing. It was concluded that (i) the higher toughness of the composite fabricated with as-received SiC whiskers may be related to the higher C and lower O in its SiCw/Al2O3 interfaces, and (ii) interface composition cannot be reliably predicted using the surface composition of free whiskers prior to fabrication.

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Belloul, Nabila, Hassiba Hamadache, Ali Ahmed Benyahia, and Aîcha Serier. "Effect of the Aggressive Environment on the Damage of a Glass Polyester Composite Developed by Hand Layup Process." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/207491.

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This work treats the behavior of a glass fibre/unsaturated polyester (UP) composite with structural defects subjected to the attack of two corrosive solutions: H2SO4and NaOH. The gravimetric analysis, the uptake mass of the resin, and the interfaces in the composite are established according to the proportion of the matrix/composite. The obtained results showed that, in the acidic solution, the glass fibre and the fibre/matrix interface absorption share is more significant than the alkaline solution. While the Fourier transform infrared analysis (FT-IR) of the UP resin revealed the presence of chemical degradation phenomenon (hydrolysis), the fibre corrosion was characterized by the atomic absorption analysis (AAS). The fibres/matrix interfaces degradation was confirmed by microscopic observations (SEM). The diffusion kinetics of the both acid and alkaline solutions and chemical and mechanical degradation are affected by the presence of the pores in elaborated material.

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Lewis, M. H., A. Tye, E. Butler, and I. Al-Dawery. "Development of Interfaces in Oxide Matrix Composites." Key Engineering Materials 164-165 (July 1998): 351–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.164-165.351.

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Paiva, M. C., Anissa El Gaied, R. Ben Cheikh, and António M. Cunha. "Interfaces in Alfa Fibre-Polypropylene Matrix Composites." Materials Science Forum 587-588 (June 2008): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.587-588.227.

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Model composites with Polypropylene (PP) as matrix and alfa fibres (cellulose-based fibres obtained from the esparto grass of the subsaarian dry regions of Tunisia) were prepared for fibre/matrix interfacial characterization studies. The matrices tested were PP and PP combined with PP modified with maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA). The surface of the alfa fibres was treated by air plasma treatment. The adhesion between the untreated and treated fibres and both matrices was studied using the fragmentation test method. Composites with 10% weight of fibres were prepared by melt extrusion and injection moulding, and the specimens obtained tested for tensile properties. The fracture surfaces of the composites, obtained at low temperature, were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The presence of a small concentration of maleic anhydride grafted to the polymer matrix was found to be of the utmost importance for the establishment of a good fibre/matrix interface. The air plasma treatment had a cleaning effect of the fibre’s surface.

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