Tesis sobre el tema "Max Hauffe"
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Schönfuß-Krause, Renate. "Lotzdorfer Dorfgeschichten, Dorfleben und das Geheimnis des „Kalmus-Mannes“". Teamwork Schönfuß, 2021. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A75291.
Texto completoHauke, Sascha [Verfasser], Max [Akademischer Betreuer] Mühlhäuser y Christian D. [Akademischer Betreuer] Jensen. "On the Statistics of Trustworthiness Prediction / Sascha Hauke. Betreuer: Max Mühlhäuser ; Christian D. Jensen". Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1112044256/34.
Texto completoAbi, Tannous Tony. "Croissance de la phase MAX sur SiC contact ohmique stable et fiable à haute température". Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0141.
Texto completoThe growth of Ti3SiC2thin films was studied onto 4H-SiC (0 0 0 1) 8◦and 4◦-off substrates by thermalannealing of TixAl1−x(0.5 ≤ x ≤ 1) layers. The annealing time was fixed at 10 min under Argon atmosphere.The synthesis conditions were also investigated according to the annealing temperature (900–1200◦C)after deposition. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) show that thelayer of Ti3SiC2is epitaxially grown on the 4H-SiC substrate. In addition the interface looks sharp andsmooth with evidence of interfacial ordering. Moreover, during the annealing procedure, the formationof unwanted aluminum oxide was detected by using X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS); this layercan be removed by using a specific annealing procedure. Using TLM structures, the Specific Contact Resistance (SCR) at room temperature of all contacts was measured. The temperature dependence up to 600°C of the SCR of the best contacts was studied to understand the current mechanisms at the Ti3SiC2/SiC interface. Experimental results are in agreement with the thermionic field emission (TFE) theory. With this model, the barrier height of the contact varies between 0.71 to 0.85 eV
Abou, Hamad Valdemar. "Elaboration et caractérisation de contacts électriques à base de phases MAX sur SiC pour l'électronique haute température". Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI079.
Texto completoPower applications in which the ambient temperature is high, cause the increase of temperature in electronic components. Therefore, it is important to develop electronic devices that are able to withstand high current and high-power densities. In this thesis, our objective is to lay the foundations of a new technology for the manufacture of a new generation of Ti3SiC2 MAX phase-based electrical contacts, stable, reliable and reproducible on Silicon Carbide for very high temperature applications (300 - 600ºC). To synthesize Ti3SiC2 on SiC, two elaboration methods were studied in this thesis. The first approach is a reaction method, and the second approach consists on using a Ti3SiC2 target via the Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) technique. Our goal is to develop a good quality ohmic contacts. Physico-chemical, electrical (TLM) and mechanical (W-H and RSM) characterizations were performed on the Ti3SiC2 contacts. These samples underwent a thermal aging test at 600°C for 1500 hours under Argon, in order to study the stability and reliability of the electrical contacts at high temperatures. The obtained results showed that the reliability and the chemical stability between Ti3SiC2 and SiC allowed the contacts to keep an ohmic behavior with low electrical resistivity, in addition to a good mechanical behavior, even after 1500 hours of aging at 600ºC. Furthermore, the thermomechanical simulations performed were used to determine the effects of Interfacial Thermal Resistances on the heat dissipation and the mechanical stresses exerted on a high power PN diode. In this thesis, we have shown that an ohmic contact, based on Ti3SiC2, can remain stable and reliable on a 4H-SiC substrate, in temperatures up to 600ºC
Drouelle, Elodie. "Relations microstructure, propriétés mécaniques et résistance à l'oxydation de la phase MAX Ti3AlC2". Thesis, Poitiers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017POIT2277/document.
Texto completoThe lightening of structures has become a major challenge for transport industries. New materials with, at least, equivalent specific properties to currently used materials have been designed in order to cope with this challenge. In this regard, Ti3AlC2 MAX phase has been studied. The high temperature (800-1000°C) oxidation resistance and tension and tensile creep properties were assessed for Ti3AlC2 samples elaborated using a powder metallurgy process (pressureless sintering + spark plasma sintering). The various oxidation tests pointed out two different behaviors (protective oxidation or catastrophic one depending on the grown oxides nature) mainly controlled by samples microstructural features (grains size, elements on A site, roughness and porosity). The first tensile creep tests ever performed on Ti3AlC2 MAX phase indicates the high ductility of these materials whose specific properties reach or surpass those of polycrystalline superalloys and titanium aluminides. A multi-scale study highlights deformation mechanisms occurring through intergranular sliding at 900 and 1000°C and through dislocations glide at 800°C. Damage mechanisms occurring through cavitation supported by crack oxidation phenomena on gauge length surface were also underlined
STIEL, SYLVIE. "Observation clinique d'un groupe de touristes a l'occasion d'un sejour en haute altitude, 3000 a 6700 m". Lille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL2M330.
Texto completoGarcia, Cordero Carlos [Verfasser], Max [Akademischer Betreuer] Mühlhäuser, René [Akademischer Betreuer] Mayrhofer y Sascha [Akademischer Betreuer] Hauke. "Improving the Capabilities of Distributed Collaborative Intrusion Detection Systems using Machine Learning / Carlos Garcia Cordero ; Max Mühlhäuser, René Mayrhofer, Sascha Hauke". Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1193177936/34.
Texto completoGarcia, Cordero Carlos [Verfasser], Max Akademischer Betreuer] Mühlhäuser, René [Akademischer Betreuer] [Mayrhofer y Sascha [Akademischer Betreuer] Hauke. "Improving the Capabilities of Distributed Collaborative Intrusion Detection Systems using Machine Learning / Carlos Garcia Cordero ; Max Mühlhäuser, René Mayrhofer, Sascha Hauke". Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1193177936/34.
Texto completoDrevin-Bazin, Alexia. "Module de puissance à base SiC fonctionnant à haute température". Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT2251/document.
Texto completoThe development of power electronic devices operating under high temperature environments is a great challenge for microelectronic industry. The objective of this thesis, supported by the HCM society (SERMA Group) is to propose a complete assemblage able to operate under high temperature. The first part of this study presents the different die attach techniques: eutectic solder alloys, sintered nanosilver and the TLPB method. The implementation for techniques was optimized via the variation of various experimental parameters by using a Fisher-Taguchi method. The as-proposed protocol corresponds to values of maximal shear stress. Moreover, an alternative solution to the substrate metallization was proposed to suppress any diffusion between the different elements deposited on the ceramic substrate.In the second part the mechanical behavior of joints under various levels of thermal and mechanical stress was studied. Creep experiments were carried out on the eutectic solders to describe the thermo-mechanical behavior of the complete module. The parameters characteristic of creep were experimentally determined. Finally, in the last part of this study the growth of Ti3SiC2 MAX phases were studied onto α-SiC substrates differently oriented by thermal annealing of TiAl layers deposited by magnetron sputtering. The Ti3SiC2 phase of low contact resistivity is proposed as new ohmic contact materials in dual n and p-type SiC-based devices. A step flow mechanism was proposed to explain that Ti3SiC2 grow, preferentially along the SiC basal planes, from a heterogeneous surface nucleation
BORZEE, OLIVIER. "Les satellites de telediffusion directe, les normes d2-mac paquets et mac-hd, promoteurs et constructeurs d'une television haute definition europeenne". Paris 8, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA080511.
Texto completoStill divided by different television norms, europe prepars a better new one, while u. S. A. And japan propose their new respective systems. The battlefield is the electronics industry and his applyings. The win is the domination of it and a getting ahead of the others in high-technology, like semi-conductors, nuleric components or plate screens. Promoter of the high definition television, the direct broadcasting satellite melps the progressive developpment of the european norm named d2-mac paquets to the definitive system, hd-mac. This one, with the satellite and the nuleric technology in television, matches the, production-broadcasting-production system, whose hdtv will emerge, with better sound and picture, adaptated to specific european peculiarities
Beffrey, Guillaume. "Etude de l'aspect tridimensionnel du Foehn dans la haute vallée du Rhin (expérience MAP)". Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30219.
Texto completoLAVAYSSIERE, JACQUES. "Tuberculose et tomodensitometrie haute resolution : evolution des lesions thoraciques en tdm hr de 36 patients tuberculeux traites en nouvelle-caledonie de mai 91 a mai 92". Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU31539.
Texto completoBarbier, Claude. "Des "événements de Haute-Savoie" à Glières, mars 1943-mai 1944 : action et répression du maquis savoyard". Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010615.
Texto completoArnaudet, Idriss Dupre Maryse. "HIMAL-RACE : une compétition extrême, des conditions extrêmes réflexions sur le mal aigu des montagnes, et le dopage dans les raids sportifs de haute altitude /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/MEDarnaudet.pdf.
Texto completoHEERIBOUT, LARA. "Etude de l'acidite des solides (principalement des zeolithes), par rmn du proton large-bande a 4k et haute resolution mas a 300k". Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066617.
Texto completoSi, Fodil Rachid. "Nouvelles dynamiques en cavité laser à fibre dopée : auto organisation et lois d'échelles : application à la génération expérimentale d'impulsions ultracourtes à haute cadence contrôlée en cavité laser à fibre dopée". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCK058/document.
Texto completoNon-linear effects, which depend essentially on the intensity of the electric field of the wave and the guide, are essential for the generation of pulse regimes in doped fiber lasers. The Kerr effect, which occurs regardless of the propagation and pumping energy, will generate the phenomenon of phase auto modulation (SPM), which will result in a spectral expansion. The SPM can also be seen in the interaction between the two waves that propagate along the slow and fast axes of the guide (XPM). In a passive uniform guide, this self-phase modulation in combination with the chromatic dispersion of the guide can lead to the soliton pulse, but this framework must be largely overcome to address pulse shaping in a dissipative system, such as a laser cavity. This extended framework is that of the dissipative soliton. In this work, we reviewed doped optical fiber as an active medium. We presented the physical principle of mode blocking, introducing the virtual saturable absorber based on the non-linear evolution of polarization (ENLP). In the experimental part, we focused more particularly on new high rate dynamics (multi-GHz) of a doped fiber laser with blocked modes. Before presenting and positioning our work, we first focused on what was published on the generation of ultra-short high speed pulse trains. We studied each configuration, ranging from the generation of high-rate harmonic regime by blocking the usual modes to techniques using modulation instability with interferometric filtering (µcavity, F.P, SFBG). In assessing the opportunities for each, we were attracted by the configuration of Mao, published in Sci. Reports, all fiber, which will be the first part of our experimental contribution. Indeed, initially we resumed the work of Mao et al. where the MZI is taken in series in the fundamental cavity. In order to provide more stability, we have proposed another configuration where the MZI is caught in a recirculation loop that will allow more filtering of the cavity modes in phase. This stability of the impulse regime, at high repetition rate, was observed in real time
Ben, Said Anis. "Gestion dynamique des connaissances de maintenance pour des environnements de production de haute technologie à fort mix produit". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI017/document.
Texto completoThe constant progress in electronic technology, the short commercial life of products, and the increasing diversity of customer demand are making the semiconductor industry a production environment constrained by the continuous change of product mix and technologies. In such environment, success depends on the ability to develop and industrialize new products in required competitive time while keeping a good level of cost, yield and cycle time criteria. These criteria can be ensured by high and sustainable availability of production capacity which needs appropriate maintenance policies in terms of diagnosis, supervision, planning and operating protocols. At the start of this study, the FMEA approach (analysis of failure modes, effects and criticality) was only mobilized to capitalize the expert’s knowledge for maintenance policies management. However, the evolving nature of the industrial context requires knowledge updating at appropriate frequencies in order to adapt the operational procedures to equipment and processes behavior changes.This thesis aims to show that the knowledge update can be organized by setting up an operational methodology combine both Bayesian networks and FMEA method. In this approach, existing knowledge and know-how skills are initially capitalized in terms of cause to effect links using the FMEA method in order to prioritize maintenance actions and prevent their consequences on the equipment, the product quality and personal safety. This knowledge and expertise are then used to develop unified operating procedures for expert’s knowledge and know-how sharing. The causal links stored in the FMEA are modeled in an operational Bayesian network (BN-O), in order to enable the assessment of maintenance actions effectiveness and, hence, the relevance of existing capitalized knowledge. In an uncertain and highly variable environment, the proper execution of procedures is measured using standards maintenance performance measurement indicators (MPM). Otherwise, the accuracy of existing knowledge can be assessed as a function of the O-BN model accuracy. Any drift of these criteria leads to learning a new unsupervised Bayesian network (U-BN) to discover new causal relations from historical data. The structural difference between O-BN (built using experts judgments) and U-BN (learned from data) highlights potential new knowledge that need to be analyzed and validated by experts to modify the existing FMEA and update associated maintenance procedures.The proposed methodology has been tested in a production workshop constrained by high product mix to demonstrate its ability to dynamically renew expert knowledge and improve the efficiency of maintenance actions. This experiment led to 30% decrease in failure occurrence due to inappropriate maintenance actions. This is certifying a better quality of knowledge modeled in the tools provided by this thesis
Lascaux, Franck. "SIMULATIONS NUMERIQUES D'EPISODES DE PRECIPITATIONS INTENSES DOCUMENTES LORS DE LA CAMPAGNE DE MESURES MAP (MESOSCALE ALPINE PROGRAMME)". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012199.
Texto completoL'amélioration de leur prévision est un enjeu majeur de la météorologie opérationnelle actuelle.
En 1999, le programme MAP (Mesoscale Alpine Programme) a été mis en place afin de recueillir une base de données importante décrivant plusieurs de ces épisodes.
Certains de ces épisodes ont été simulés à l'aide du modèle non-hydrostatique Meso-NH.
L'attention est d'abord portée sur la sensibilité de la prévision d'un épisode fortement convectif au schéma microphysique utilisé, ainsi qu'aux conditions initiales. Ensuite l'étude est élargie à deux autres évènements et il est mis en évidence des comportements microphysiques différents en fonction des caractéristiques du flux incident.
Lebout, Cédric. "Elaboration et caractérisation des propriétés à haute température d'une protection céramique SiC/MAS imperméabilisée, pour un tissu de carbone destiné à un élément chauffant". Orléans, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ORLE2018.
Texto completoBertarello, Andrea. "Magic-angle Spinning NMR of paramagnetic metalloproteins". Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEN004/document.
Texto completoMost of our understanding of metalloproteins derives from atomic or molecular structures obtained from diffraction methods on single crystal samples. However, not all proteins are amenable for diffraction studies, and even when a highly-resolved structure is available, often the nature of the metal ion, its coordination geometry or its oxidation state are not determined. The aim of the present thesis is the investigation of structural properties of metal sites in paramagnetic metalloproteins by Magic-Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS NMR). MAS NMR is a powerful technique for the investigation of biological systems, and may represent a direct probe of the structure at the active site of paramagnetic metalloproteins. However, it suffers from limited sensitivity and resolution when applied to nuclei close to a paramagnetic center.In this thesis, we address these limitations by developing NMR methods based on ultra-fast (60-111 kHz) MAS rates. A “toolkit” of suitably designed pulse sequences is built for the detection and the assignment of nuclei in close proximity of a paramagnetic center. State-of-the-art computational techniques are also employed to convert the experimental data into structural restraints for obtaining atomic-resolution geometries of active sites. We benchmark this approach with the study of Fe, Cu and Co sites in two microcrystalline proteins, and we also provide preliminary data on a non-diffracting divalent metal ion transporter in lipid membranes. We anticipate that the techniques described here are an essential tool to elucidate many currently unanswered questions about structure and function of metal sites in structural biology
Lascaux, Franck. "Simulations numériques d'épisodes de précipitations intenses documentés lors de la campagne de mesures MAP (mesoscale alpine programme)". Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30228.
Texto completoHeavy rainfalls frequently occur on the southern side of the Alps, resulting in casualties and millions of US dollars worth of damage. Improving the understanding and forecasting of these events is one of the central objectives of current operational meteorology. In 1999, the Mesoscale Alpine Programme (MAP) provided detailed documentation on several major rain events. In this study, some of these events are simulated using the French non-hydrostatic model, Meso-NH. We first focus on the sensitivity of the forecasting of a strong convective event to the microphysical scheme used in the model, and to the initial conditions. The study is then broadened to two other MAP events. It appears clearly that different flow regimes generate different microphysical behaviour of the clouds
Hermellin, Emmanuel. "Modélisation et implémentation de simulations multi-agents sur architectures massivement parallèles". Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT334/document.
Texto completoMulti-Agent Based Simulations (MABS) represents a relevant solution for the engineering and the study of complex systems in numerous domains (artificial life, biology, economy, etc.). However, MABS sometimes require a lot of computational resources, which is a major constraint that restricts the possibilities of study for the considered models (scalability, real-time interaction, etc.).Among the available technologies for HPC (High Performance Computing), the GPGPU (General-Purpose computing on Graphics Processing Units) proposes to use the massively parallel architectures of graphics cards as computing accelerator. However, while many areas benefit from GPGPU performances (meteorology, molecular dynamics, finance, etc.). Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) and especially MABS hardly enjoy the benefits of this technology: GPGPU is very little used and only few works are interested in it. In fact, the GPGPU comes along with a very specific development context which requires a deep and not trivial transformation process for multi-agents models. So, despite the existence of works that demonstrate the interest of GPGPU, this difficulty explains the low popularity of GPGPU in the MAS community.In this thesis, we show that among the works which aim to ease the use of GPGPU in an agent context, most of them do it through a transparent use of this technology. However, this approach requires to abstract some parts of the models, what greatly limits the scope of the proposed solutions. To handle this issue, and in contrast to existing solutions, we propose to use a nhybrid approach (the execution of the simulation is shared between both the processor and graphics card) that focuses on accessibility and reusability through a modeling process that allows to use directly GPU programming while simplifying its use. More specifically, this approach is based on a design principle, called GPU delegation of agent perceptions, consists in making a clear separation between the agent behaviors, managed by the processor, and environmental dynamics, handled by the graphics card. So, one major idea underlying this principle is to identify agent computations which can be transformed in new structures (e.g. in the environment) in order to distribute the complexity of the code and modulate its implementation. The study of this principle and the different experiments conducted show the advantages of this approach from both a conceptual and performances point of view. Therefore, we propose to generalize this approach and define a comprehensive methodology relying on GPU delegation specifically adapted to the use of massively parallel architectures for MABS
Joseph, Vincent. "Stéroïdes et activité chemoréflexe : études fonctionnelles, neurochimiques et moléculaires chez le rat adulte et prépubère élevé au niveau de la mer ou en haute altitude". Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10234.
Texto completoFaitot, François. "Intérêt de la métabolomique par HR-MAS-RMN en chirurgie hépato-biliaire et transplantation hépatique". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAJ049/document.
Texto completoOne of the main limits in liver surgery is the risk of liver failure (LF) after hepatectomy (Hx) or graft dysfunction (EAD) after liver transplantation (LT). Few studies have evaluated global liver metabolism, probably due to the lack of clinically relevant techniques. HR-MAS-NMR metabolomics may fulfill this lack and the goal of this work was to evaluate its capacity to predict early outcomes after hepatectomy and LT. In LT (n=42), metabolic profile predicted EAD and lactate and phosphocholine were potent biomarkers providing means for metabolic matching. In liver biopsies harvested at the end of major Hx (n=45), metabolic profile predicted PHLF. The profile at risk of LF differed from that of decompensated cirrhosis but correlated to that of proliferative multicellular systems. A preliminary study showed that the metabolic profile predicted the risk of liver metastases recurrence at 1 year. This work underlines the potential value of HR-MAS-NMR metabolomics in the prediction of short-term outcomes in liver surgery. It provides clues to be further investigated for future evaluation of metabolic intervention in the field of liver surgery
Cadilhon, Baptiste. "Etude et réalisation d'un ensemble autonome d'émission d'ondes électromagnétiques de forte puissance". Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00424802.
Texto completoAlasset, Pierre-Jean. "Sismotectonique et identification des sources sismiques en domaine à déformation lente : Cas des Pyrénées Occidentales et des Alpes du Nord (France).Le tsunami créé par le séisme de Zemmouri (Mw=6.9,Algérie) du 21 Mai 2003". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2005/ALASSET_Pierre-Jean_2005.pdf.
Texto completoThe identification of the active faults in regions of slow deformation is a difficult and necessary task to address the seismic hazard assessment. In France, the active faults at the origin of damaging earthquakes are unknown and we chose to apply an approach which combines the geomorphology, paleoseismology, surface geophysics, historical seismicity and calculation of the source parameters in two seismic zones (the Western Pyrenees and the Alps of Haute-Savoie). 4 earthquakes with Io ≥ VII were selected in each studied zone. The analysis of macroseismic data enables us to assign a magnitude to the selected seismic event, linking intensity and magnitude. Application of the paleoseismological approach helps us identifying the E-W trending Lourdes fault in the Pyrenees with a 50-km long rupture subdivided in 3 sub-segments, and a last earthquake probably between 2918 and 4221 BC, and a slip rate of ~ 0. 2 mm/yr. The fault of Remuaz in the northern Alps presents recent postglacial striations showing left-lateral normal faulting in agreement with the inversion of seismic records of the April 1905 earthquake obtained at the Goettingen station. This ~ 10-km fault length probably participates to the origin of the seismic activity of the region and could have a slip rate of ~ 0. 3 mm/yr. The second part of the thesis concern the earthquake of May 21, 2003, magnitude Mw 6. 9, which has affected the Algerian coast. The earthquake caused an average coastal uplift of ~ 0. 55 m along the epicentral area and a tsunami with waves reaching 1 to 2 meters height that affected the Balearic Islands. The generation and propagation of tsunami was modelled using 5 different seismic sources published in the literature. The different data and other observations collected in the epicentral area show that a shallow source (< 8-km-depth) close to the shoreline with an Mw 6. 9 provides a good fit to the dataset and the field observations
Zellagui, Riadh. "Mécanismes d'argilisation des gouges argileuses associées aux failles dans les bassins silicoclastiques : étude du faisceau de failles du Mas d'Alary-Saint-Jean (bassin de Lodève) et de la faille de Caire Brun (bassin d'Annot)". Poitiers, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001POIT2260.
Texto completoMereau, Anne-Laure. "Les dents animales perforées au Magdalénien : nouvelles perspectives fonctionnelles : étude de quatre sites pyrénéens : Isturitz, le Mas d'Azil, Arudy et Gourdan". Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010559.
Texto completoBloch, Etienne. "Femtosecond and attosecond chiral dynamics investigated by velocity map imaging and photoelectron photoion coincidence spectroscopy". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0144.
Texto completoThe absence of mirror symmetry in the structure of a molecule, or chirality, is of fundamental importance in a broad range of fields, from biology, chemistry, drug synthesis, and physics. It is investigated here at its natural timescale, from femtosecond (10^{-15} s) to attosecond (10^{-18} s), by the use of ultrashort laser pulses. When a chiral molecule is ionized by a circularly polarized laser field, strong chirosensitive asymmetries can appear in the photoelectron angular distribution, namely photoelectron circular dichroism.We will see here how new generation high repetition rate laser beamline can be employed with a velocity map imaging spectrometer or a photoelectron-photoion coincidence spectrometer in order to access these asymmetries. The light-matter interaction will be investigated in two regimes. One the one hand, multiphoton ionization shows a high molecular sensitivity. Elliptically polarized fields will be used in particular to study the mechanisms of anisotropy of excitation. Fragmentation-dependent processes will be resolved with the coincidence detection, and femtosecond dynamics will be accessed by using time-resolved pump-probe schemes. On the other hand, strong field ionization provides a simplified semi-classical framework. It will be used to unravel the sub-optical cycle light-matter interaction at the origin of chiroptical processes by the use of tailored vectorial laser fields. This will enable us to understand how the individual photoelectron trajectories are imprinted with chirality, while enriching the strong-field toolbox with a highly sensitive observable
GHEUSI, François. "Analyses eulériennes et lagrangiennes des systèmes convectifs quasi-stationnaires sur les Alpes". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009368.
Texto completoCherpeau, Aline. "Télédétection et agroécologie : un essai de cartographie destinée à la gestion des milieux herbacés de haute montagne : application au Parc national des Ecrins". Grenoble 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10106.
Texto completoEtxegarai, Aldami Etxebarria Maddi. "Etude du couplage hydromécanique dans les roches par analyse d'images obtenues par tomographie neutronique". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI010/document.
Texto completoThe behaviour of subsurface-reservoir porous rocks is a central topic in resource engineering industry and has relevant applications for hydrocarbon and water production or CO2 sequestration. One of the key open issues is the effect of deformations on the hydraulic properties of the host rock, specifically in saturated environments. Deformation in geomaterials is rarely homogeneous because of the complex boundary conditions they undergo as well as for their intrinsic tendency to localise. This non uniformity of the deformation yields a non uniform permeability field, meaning that the traditional macroscopic analysis methods are outside their domain of validity. These methods are in fact based on measurements taken at the boundaries of a tested sample, under the assumption of internal homogeneity. At this stage, our understanding is in need of direct measurements of the local fluid permeability and its relationship with localiseddeformation.This doctoral dissertation focuses on the acquisition of such local data about the hydro mechanical properties of porous geomaterials in full-field, adopting neutron and x-ray tomography, as well as on the development of novel analysis methods. While x-ray imaging has been increasingly used in geo-sciences in the last few decades, the direct detection of fluid has been very limited because of the low air/water contrast within geomaterials. Unlike x-rays, neutrons are very sensitive to the hydrogen in the water because of their interaction with matter (neutrons interact with the atoms’ nuclei rather than with the external electron shell as x-rays do). This greater sensitivity to hydrogen provides a high contrast compared to the rock matrix, in neutron tomography images that facilitates the detection of hydrogen-rich fluids. Furthermore, neutrons are isotope-sensitive, meaning that water (H 2 0) and heavy water (D20), while chemically and hydraulically almost identical, can be easily distinguished in neutron imaging.The use of neutron imaging to investigate the hydromechanical properties of rocks is a substantially under-explored experimental area, mostly limited to 2D studies of dry, intact or pre-deformed samples, with little control of the boundary conditions. In thiswork we developed a new servocontrolled triaxial cell to perform multi-fluid flow experiments in saturated porous media, while performing in-situ loading and acquiring 4-dimensional neutron data.Another peculiarity of the project is the use of high-performance neutron imaging facilities (CONRAD-2, in Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, and NeXT-Grenoble, in Institut Laue-Langevin), taking advantage of the world’s highest flux and cutting edge technology to acquire data at an optimal frequency for the study of this processes. The results of multiple experimental campaigns covering a series of initial and boundary conditions of increasing complexity are presented in this work.To quantify the local hydro-mechanical coupling, we applied a number of standard postprocessing procedures (reconstruction, denoising, Digital Volume Correlation) but also developed an array of bespoke methods, for example to track the water front andcalculate the 3D speed maps.The experimental campaigns performed show that the speed of the water front driven by imbibition in a dry sample is increased within a compactant shear band, while the pressure driven flow speed is decreased in saturated samples, regardless of the volumetric response of the shear band (compactant/dilatant). The 3D nature of the data and analyses has revealed essential in the characterization of the complex mechanical behaviour of the samples and the resultant flow speed.The experimental results obtained contribute to the understanding of flow in porous materials, ensure the suitability of the analysis and set an experimental method for further in-situ hydromechanical campaigns
Héry, Elwan. "Localisation coopérative de véhicules autonomes communicants". Thesis, Compiègne, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019COMP2516.
Texto completoTo be able to navigate autonomously, a vehicle must be accurately localized relatively to all obstacles, such as roadside for lane keeping and vehicles and pedestrians to avoid causing accidents. This PhD thesis deals with the interest of cooperation to improve the localization of cooperative vehicles that exchange information. Autonomous navigation on the road is often based on coordinates provided in a Cartesian frame. In order to better represent the pose of a vehicle with respect to the lane in which it travels, we study curvilinear coordinates with respect to a path stored in a map. These coordinates generalize the curvilinear abscissa by adding a signed lateral deviation from the center of the lane and an orientation relative to the center of the lane taking into account the direction of travel. These coordinates are studied with different track models and using different projections to make the map-matching. A first cooperative localization approach is based on these coordinates. The lateral deviation and the orientation relative to the lane can be known precisely from a perception of the lane borders, but for autonomous driving with other vehicles, it is important to maintain a good longitudinal accuracy. A one-dimensional data fusion method makes it possible to show the interest of the cooperative localization in this simplified case where the lateral deviation, the curvilinear orientation and the relative positioning between two vehicles are accurately known. This case study shows that, in some cases, lateral accuracy can be propagated to other vehicles to improve their longitudinal accuracy. The correlation issues of the errors are taken into account with a covariance intersection filter. An ICP (Iterative Closest Point) minimization algorithm is then used to determine the relative pose between the vehicles from LiDAR points and a 2D polygonal model representing the shape of the vehicle. Several correspondences of the LiDAR points with the model and different minimization approaches are compared. The propagation of absolute vehicle pose using relative poses with their uncertainties is done through non-linear equations that can have a strong impact on consistency. The different dynamic elements surrounding the ego-vehicle are estimated in a Local Dynamic Map (LDM) to enhance the static high definition map describing the center of the lane and its border. In our case, the agents are only communicating vehicles. The LDM is composed of the state of each vehicle. The states are merged using an asynchronous algorithm, fusing available data at variable times. The algorithm is decentralized, each vehicle computing its own LDM and sharing it. As the position errors of the GNSS receivers are biased, a marking detection is introduced to obtain the lateral deviation from the center of the lane in order to estimate these biases. LiDAR observations with the ICP method allow to enrich the fusion with the constraints between the vehicles. Experimental results of this fusion show that the vehicles are more accurately localized with respect to each other while maintaining consistent poses
Moreno, Villavicencio Maiglid Andreina. "Development of 3D high-resolution imaging of complex devices by the correlation of ToF-SIMS and AFM". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI122.
Texto completoThe continuous miniaturization and complexity of devices have pushed existing nano-characterization techniques to their limits. The correlation of techniques has then become an attractive solution to keep providing precise and accurate characterization. With the aim of overcoming the existing barriers for the 3D high-resolution imaging at the nanoscale, we have focused our research on creating a protocol to combine time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) with atomic force microscopy (AFM). This combination permits the correlation of the composition in 3-dimensions with the maps of topography and other local properties provided by the AFM. Three main results are achieved through this methodology: a topography-corrected 3D ToF-SIMS data set, maps of local sputter rate where the effect of roughness and vertical interfaces are seen and overlays of the ToF-SIMS and AFM advanced information. The application fields of the ToF-SIMS and AFM combined methodology can be larger than expected. Indeed, four different applications are discussed in this thesis. The procedure to obtain the topography-corrected 3D data sets was applied on a GaAs / SiO2 patterned structure whose initial topography and composition with materials of different sputter rates create a distortion in the classical 3D chemical visualization. The protocol to generate sputter rate maps was used on samples with structured and non-structured nano-areas in order to study the possible ToF-SIMS sputtering artefacts, especially the geometric shadowing effect. Finally, we have explored the combination of ToF-SIMS analysis with three AFM advanced modes: piezoresponse force microcopy (PFM), scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM) and scanning spreading resistance microscopy (SSRM). Specifically, two main applications were studied: the chemical modification during electrical stress of a piezoelectic thin film and the recovery of initial electrical characteristics of a sample subjected to Ga implantation during FIB preparation. Technical aspects of the methodology will be discussed for each application and the perspectives of this combination will be given
Brau-Nogué, Catherine. "Dynamique des pelouses d'alpages laitiers des Alpes du Nord externes". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10004.
Texto completoKarayannis, Vassilios-Petros. "Liberté économique et défense de l'intérêt général: le problème de retransmission par câble des émissions télévisées dans l'Union européenne". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211205.
Texto completoEn ce qui concerne l’accès des émissions aux réseaux câblés, la thèse met en avant le besoin de sauvegarder un service public de l’audiovisuel. Celui-ci est défini comme un ensemble des règles qui visent à la fois le paysage audiovisuel propre à chaque Etat membre (par exemple pluralisme) et le contenu des émissions proprement dit (émissions informatives, éducatives, épanouissement culturel etc.). Le droit communautaire primaire et dérivé, tel qu’interprété par la Cour de justice, fournit les moyens de conciliation entre, d’une part les intérêts généraux et, d’autre part, les exigences découlant de la libre prestation de services et de la libre concurrence.
En ce qui concerne l’application des droits intellectuels, la thèse aborde la problématique liée à l’épuisement ou la subsistance de ceux-ci. Dans le cas de la câblodistribution, la Cour a affirmé la subsistance du droit. Cette position est corroboré par la nouvelle directive européenne sur le droit d’auteur et les droits voisins dans la société de l’information. La thèse appuie la position de subsistance en considérant qu’elle constitue une condition essentielle pour la juste récompense des auteurs.
Enfin, la thèse aborde les questions plus spécifiques qui naissent à propos de la convergence technologique et juridique. Tout d’abord, il est avancé que le service public de l’audiovisuel n’est pas uniquement lié à des contraintes techniques, mais essentiellement à des objectifs qualitatifs (contenu des émissions). Ainsi, la thèse plaide en faveur de la pérpetuité du service public de l’audiovisuel dans l’ère du numérique. Par ailleurs, des questions plus spécifiques (comme l’accès à la boucle locale, l’interconnexion des réseaux et la numérisation des infrastructures) ont été examinées.
Doctorat en droit
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Mekary, Saïd. "Les réponses physiologiques d'un entrainement intermittent de haute intensité chez les patients coronariens stables". Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7736.
Texto completoBélanger, Jean. "Mise à jour de la Base de Données Topographiques du Québec à l'aide d'images à très haute résolution spatiale et du progiciel Sigma0 : le cas des voies de communication". Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6319.
Texto completoIn order to optimize and reduce the cost of road map updating, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Wildlife is considering exploiting high definition color aerial photography within a global automatic detection process. In that regard, Montreal based SYNETIX Inc, teamed with the University of Montreal Remote Sensing Laboratory (UMRSL) in the development of an application indented for the automatic detection of road networks on complex radiometric high definition imagery. This application named SIGMA-ROUTES is a derived module of a software called SIGMA0 earlier developed by the UMRSL for optic and radar imagery of 5 to 10 meter resolution. SIGMA-ROUTES road detections relies on a map guided filtering process that enables the filter to be driven along previously known road vectors and tagged them as intact, suspect or lost depending on the filtering responses. As for the new segments updating, the process first implies a detection of potential starting points for new roads within the filtering corridor of previously known road to which they should be connected. In that respect, it is a very challenging task to emulate the human visual filtering process and further distinguish potential starting points of new roads on complex radiometric high definition imagery. In this research, we intend to evaluate the application’s efficiency in terms of total linear distances of detected roads as well as the spatial location of inconsistencies on a 2.8 km2 test site containing 40 km of various road categories in a semi-urban environment. As specific objectives, we first intend to establish the impact of different resolutions of the input imagery and secondly establish the potential gains of enhanced images (segmented and others) in a preemptive approach of better matching the image property with the detection parameters. These results have been compared to a ground truth reference obtained by a conventional visual detection process on the bases of total linear distances and spatial location of detection. The best results with the most efficient combination of resolution and pre-processing have shown a 78% intact detection in accordance to the ground truth reference when applied to a segmented resample image. The impact of image resolution is clearly noted as a change from 84 cm to 210 cm resolution altered the total detected distances of intact roads of around 15%. We also found many roads segments ignored by the process and without detection status although they were directly liked to intact neighbours. By revising the algorithm and optimizing the image pre-processing, we estimate a 90% intact detection performance can be reached. The new segment detection is non conclusive as it generates an uncontrolled networks of false detections throughout other entities in the images. Related to these false detections of new roads, we were able to identify numerous cases of new road detections parallel to previously assigned intact road segments. We conclude with a proposed procedure that involves enhanced images as input combined with human interventions at critical level in order to optimize the final product.