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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Microbiologia Oral"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 14 de febrero de 2022

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1

Moura, Josué Guilherme Lisbôa, Tanise Gemelli y Jessica Muller. "Vibrio cholerae: doença, manifestações clínicas e microbiologia". Revista de Epidemiologia e Controle de Infecção 8, n.º 4 (8 de octubre de 2018): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17058/reci.v8i4.11290.

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Justificativa e conteúdo: A cólera é uma doença infecciosa intestinal aguda causada pela toxina do Vibrio cholerae. A transmissão é oral-fecal e ocorre predominantemente em ambientes aquáticos contaminados. Pode ser fatal, mas é facilmente evitada e tratada. Associa-se a sua propagação com a falta de saneamento básico pois cresce exponencialmente nesses ambientes. O diagnóstico é clínico-epidemiológico, laboratorial com meios seletivos para o microrganismo e teste rápido, este último não é sensível e nem especifico. O tratamento é com sais de reidratação oral e antibioticoterapia, indica-se a suplementação com zinco. Existe vacinação para Vibrio cholerae, e essa é a melhor medida para o controle da doença. As pesquisas em cólera já não são mais frequentes, pois ela é considerada uma doença de países que não são desenvolvidos. Conclusão: Nesse contexto, ainda são necessárias pesquisas sobre sistemas de esgoto, monitorização de efluentes, vigilância da qualidade da água de abastecimento público e vigilância da qualidade de alimentos.

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Moreira, Ana Cristina Azevedo, Maria Auxiliadora Roque de Carvalho, Eduardo Osório Cisalpino, Carlos Américo Damasceno y Auxiliadora Coronado Negrette. "Cocos gram-positivos anaeróbios estritos da cavidade oral e do trato intestinal de primatas Calitriquídeos (Callithrix jacchus e Callithrix penicillata) mantidos em cativeiro." Revista de Ciências Médicas e Biológicas 2, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2003): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/cmbio.v2i1.4257.

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<span class="texto">Este trabalho descreve a recuperação e a identificação de cocos gram-positivos anaeróbios estritos da cavidade oral e em espécimes fecais de sagüis Calitriquídeos, mantidos em cativeiro no Centro de Bioterismo do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas/UFMG. Foram coletados espécimes fecais e orais de oito animais, cultivados em ágar sangue com neomicina e em caldo tioglicolato suplementado. As cepas isoladas foram identificadas segundo as suas características morfocoloniais, morfotintoriais, respiratórias e testes bioquímicos. Foram recuperados cocos gram-positivos anaeróbios em espécimes orais e fecais, observando-se maior recuperação na cavidade oral. De espécimes orais foram isolados Streptococcus intermedius, Peptostreptococcus prevotii, Streptococcus parvulus, e Streptococcus sp. aerotolerante. Nos espécimes fecais, foram isolados Peptostreptococcus sp., Peptostreptococcus productus e Streptococcus parvulus. Os resultados obtidos representam contribuição original para o conhecimento da microbiota oral e intestinal de Calitriquídeos, tendo significado para a Microbiologia comparada, por estar o grupo microbiano em estudo entre os anaeróbios mais freqüentes em infecções humanas.</span>

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Venturelli, Alessandre Cícero, Fernando César Torres, Renata Rodrigues de Almeida-Pedrin, Renato Rodrigues de Almeida, Marcio Rodrigues de Almeida y Fernando Pedrin Carvalho Ferreira. "Avaliação microbiológica da contaminação residual em diferentes tipos de alicates ortodônticos após desinfecção com álcool 70%". Revista Dental Press de Ortodontia e Ortopedia Facial 14, n.º 4 (agosto de 2009): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-54192009000400005.

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OBJETIVO: o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar, por meio de análises microbiológicas, a contaminação de diferentes tipos de alicates ortodônticos (139, Weingart, removedor de bandas e de corte distal) após a lavagem com água e sabão e fricção de álcool 70% por um minuto. MÉTODOS: todos os alicates foram, inicialmente, esterilizados em autoclave durante 20 minutos, a 121ºC e pressão de 1atm. Após o atendimento ortodôntico, os alicates utilizados foram depositados individualmente em recipientes estéreis tipo béquer, fechados com papel kraft e transportados ao laboratório de Microbiologia. Esses alicates foram submetidos, numa primeira etapa, à coleta imediata de microrganismos e à semeadura para contagem de bactérias. Posteriormente, os mesmos alicates foram lavados com água corrente e sabão, e friccionados por um minuto com gaze (esterilizada) embebida em álcool 70% (P/P). Novos testes bacteriológicos foram, então, realizados. Os alicates esterilizados do grupo controle foram submetidos aos mesmos testes bacteriológicos, todavia não haviam sido utilizados na clínica. RESULTADOS: os resultados demonstraram uma grande quantidade e variedade de bactérias residuais após a realização da desinfecção com o álcool 70%. CONCLUSÕES: mesmo alicates que não são inseridos na cavidade bucal do paciente, como o 139, mas que são pegos pelo ortodontista, cujas luvas entram em contato com saliva e/ou sangue, devem ser esterilizados, pois somente a desinfecção não é suficiente para impedir a potencial infecciosidade desses instrumentos.

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ANDREOLA, Patrícia, Adriana DEMATHÉ, Daniel GALAFASSI, Estelamari Barbieri ELSEMANN, Rogério Brasiliense ELSEMANN y Alexandra Flávia GAZZONI. "Estudo comparativo entre a produção de fosfolipases extracelulares e proteinases do gênero Candida isoladas a partir de infecções de cavidade oral". Revista de Odontologia da UNESP 45, n.º 4 (1 de septiembre de 2016): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.26115.

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Resumo Introdução A habilidade da Candida spp. em produzir enzimas proteolíticas, tais como fosfolipase e proteinases, tem um papel importante na patogenicidade destas leveduras. Objetivo Determinar as espécies causadoras das infecções orais por Candida spp., além de investigar a atividade in vitro das fosfolipases e proteinases em isolados clínicos do gênero Candida, provenientes de pacientes com candidíase oral. Material e método Isolados de Candida spp., pertencentes à Coleção de Cultivos Fúngicos do Laboratório de Microbiologia e Patologia Oral do Departamento de Odontologia da Faculdade da Serra Gaúcha, foram analisados. Produção de fosfolipases foi analisada utilizando-se Ágar gema de ovo. Liberação de proteinases foi medida utilizando-se extrato de levedura adicionado à albumina bovina. Resultado Um total de 35 isolados clínicos do gênero Candida foi testado. C. albicans foi a espécie predominante (77%). Os demais isolados identificados foram: C. parapsilosis (20%) e C. tropicalis (2%). Ao comparar a atividade de fosfolipase do grupo C. albicans com o grupo Candida não-albicans, foi encontrada diferença significativa (P=0,04). Não foi encontrada diferença significativa entre a C. albicans e a C. não-albicans, para a produção de proteinase. A liberação de proteinase foi significativamente maior quando comparada à produção de fosfolipase para o gênero Candida (P=0,04). Diferença estatisticamente significativa foi encontrada quando a atividade de fosfolipase e proteinase da C. albicans foi comparada à atividade das espécies de C. não-albicans (P=0,02). Conclusão Diferentes quantificações de fosfolipase extracelular e atividade de proteinase têm sido atribuídas aos isolados clínicos de C. albicans quando comparados a outras espécies de Candida.

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Lim, Daniel V., P. Marsh y M. Martin. "Oral Microbiology". Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 112, n.º 1 (enero de 1993): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3226790.

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Macfarlane, T. W. "Oral Microbiology". Journal of Clinical Pathology 38, n.º 2 (1 de febrero de 1985): 238–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.38.2.238.

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Bagg, J. "Clinical oral microbiology". Journal of Dentistry 18, n.º 5 (octubre de 1990): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-5712(90)90023-8.

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J. Duncan, Margaret. "Oral microbiology and genomics". Periodontology 2000 38, n.º 1 (junio de 2005): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0757.2005.00111.x.

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9

Sammons, R. L. "Oral microbiology and immunology". British Dental Journal 202, n.º 7 (abril de 2007): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bdj.2007.292.

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Hogg, S. D. "Oral microbiology, 2nd edition". Journal of Dentistry 22, n.º 5 (octubre de 1994): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-5712(94)90077-9.

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Balachandran, M., K. L. Cross y M. Podar. "Single-Cell Genomics and the Oral Microbiome". Journal of Dental Research 99, n.º 6 (24 de febrero de 2020): 613–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034520907380.

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The human oral cavity is one of the first environments where microbes have been discovered and studied since the dawn of microbiology. Nevertheless, approximately 200 types of bacteria from the oral microbiota have remained uncultured in the laboratory. Some are associated with a healthy oral microbial community, while others are linked to oral diseases, from dental caries to gum disease. Single-cell genomics has enabled inferences on the physiology, virulence, and evolution of such uncultured microorganisms and has further enabled isolation and cultivation of several novel oral bacteria, including the discovery of novel interspecies interactions. This review summarizes some of the more recent advances in this field, which is rapidly moving toward physiologic characterization of single cells and ultimately cultivation of the yet uncultured. A combination of traditional microbiological approaches with genomic-based physiologic predictions and isolation strategies may lead to the oral microbiome being the first complex microbial community to have all its members cultivable in the laboratory. Studying the biology of the individual microbes when in association with other members of the community, in controlled laboratory conditions and in vivo, should lead to a better understanding of oral dysbiosis and its prevention and reversion.

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Stavrou, Christiana, Ophelia Veraitch, Stephen Morris-Jones y Stephen L. Walker. "Leg ulceration due to cutaneous melioidosis in a returning traveller". BMJ Case Reports 14, n.º 6 (junio de 2021): e241490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-241490.

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A 26-year-old man, returned to the UK having travelled extensively in Asia. He was referred with a 3-month history of distal leg ulceration following an insect bite while in Thailand. Despite multiple courses of oral antibiotics, he developed two adjacent ulcers. A wound swab isolated an organism identified as Burkholderia thailandensis. The histology of the skin biopsy was non-specific. A diagnosis of cutaneous melioidosis was made, based on clinical and microbiological grounds. The ulcers re-epithelialised on completion of intravenous ceftazidime followed by 3 months of high dose co-trimoxazole and wound care. Many clinical microbiology laboratories have limited diagnostics for security-related organisms, with the result that B. pseudomallei, the causative bacterium of melioidosis, may be misidentified. This case highlights the importance of maintaining high levels of clinical suspicion and close microbiological liaison in individuals returning from South-East Asia and northern Australia with such symptoms.

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Dahlén, Gunnar. "Microbiological diagnostics in oral diseases". Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 64, n.º 3 (enero de 2006): 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00016350500520318.

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Barriere, Steven L. "Review of in Vitro Activity, Pharmacokinetic Characteristics, Safety, and Clinical Efficacy of Cefprozil, a New Oral Cephalosporin". Annals of Pharmacotherapy 27, n.º 9 (septiembre de 1993): 1082–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809302700914.

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OBJECTIVE: To review the pharmacokinetics, microbiology, clinical efficacy, safety, and tolerance of cefprozil, a new, broad-spectrum oral cephalosporin. DATA SOURCES: Published clinical trials and microbiologic, pharmacokinetic, and safety data were identified by MEDLINE; additional references were derived from bibliographies of these articles; microbiologic data on file were provided by Bristol-Myers Squibb. STUDY SELECTION: Only published comparative clinical trial reports are included in the review of clinical efficacy. Noncomparative clinical data pertaining to uses of cefprozil not approved by the Food and Drug Administration are not included. DATA SYNTHESIS: Data are presented on the in vitro microbiologic activity of cefprozil against 10 152 bacterial isolates, including most of the clinically important streptococci (e.g., Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae), beta-lactamase-positive and -negative Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Clostridium difficile, and numerous other gram-negative aerobes and anaerobes. In clinical trials, cefprozil appears to be at least as effective as commonly used comparison agents such as cefaclor, cefixime, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Additionally, cefprozil is better tolerated than the latter two agents, especially with regard to gastrointestinal adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: Cefprozil is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin that provides coverage against both gram-negative and -positive bacteria that may cause otitis media, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, skin and skin-structure infections, secondary bacterial infection of acute bronchitis, and acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. The beta-lactamase stability of cefprozil appears to exceed that of other oral cephalosporins for some important pathogens. Cefprozil is used primarily for second-line treatment as less-expensive, first-line generic alternatives generally are available. Cefprozil demonstrates clinical advantages over many other orally administered beta-lactam antibiotics in terms of antimicrobial spectrum, a once- or twice-daily dosing regimen, and/or reduced incidence of adverse effects.

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Barlean, Magda Calina, Carina Balcos, Livia Ionela Bobu, Cosmin Ionut Cretu, Alexandra Lorina Platon, Anca Stupu, Ovidiu Nicolaiciuc, Gabi Topor, Adrian Beznea y Eugenia Popescu. "Microbiological Evaluation of Surgical Site Infections in the Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Sf.Spiridon Clinical Hospital in Iasi, Romania". Revista de Chimie 70, n.º 11 (15 de diciembre de 2019): 4077–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.11.7705.

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The study aims to evaluatethe bacteriological profile of the surgical site infections at the Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Sf.Spiridon Clinical Hospital in Iasi, Romania between 2011 and 2018. Microbiological data were obtained from the Microbiology Laboratory of the Sf.Spiridon Emergency Clinical Hospital Iasi. 125 surgical site infections, accounting for 54,1% of health care associated infections were reported in 106 patients, representing 66,6% of the patients with HAI. The most commonly identified pathogens were Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumanii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.A high level of antibiotic resistance was reported. Prevention of SSI and antibiotic resistance control are complex and require coordinated measures in view of an integrated, multidisciplinary approach.

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Brennan, Peter A., Anthony F. Markus, Timothy R. Flood, Ian P. Downie y Rajvinder Uppal. "Do Oral Flora Colonize the Nasal Floor of Patients with Oronasal Fistulae?" Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 38, n.º 4 (julio de 2001): 399–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_2001_038_0399_dofctn_2.0.co_2.

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Objective: To determine if oral bacteria colonize the cleft nasal floor in patients with unilateral oronasal fistula when compared with the unaffected nasal floor and whether the results obtained would be of benefit in assessing oronasal fistulae in the clinic. Design: Prospective study of 26 patients with cleft palate and unilateral oronasal fistula. Microbiological culture swabs were taken from the mouth and nasal floors of patients. The unaffected nasal floor was used as a control. Bacterial isolates were identified and compared in the laboratory by a senior microbiologist. Main Outcomes Measure: A significant growth of oral bacteria from the cleft nasal floor when compared with the unaffected nasal floor. Results: Four patients were excluded because no growth was found on any culture plate. In the remaining 22 cases, a light growth of oral flora was found in the cleft nasal floor in only 3 patients. No statistical correlation between culture of oral bacteria and the cleft nasal floor could be found (p = .12). Conclusions: The relative lack of colonization of the cleft nasal floor by oral bacteria may reflect poor transmission of bacteria through the fistula, competition with commensal nasal flora, or an inability of oral bacteria to survive in a saliva-depleted area. The investigation is not helpful in the assessment of oronasal fistulae in the clinic.

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Smith, A., H. Changez, P. Wright, C. Wales, I. Holland, C. MacIvor y J. McMahon. "Oral surgery: The role of microbiology". British Dental Journal 217, n.º 4 (agosto de 2014): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.2014.712.

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Curtis, Mike. "Oral Microbiology – progress, myths and evidence". Journal of Oral Microbiology 9, sup1 (25 de mayo de 2017): 1325184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20002297.2017.1325184.

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He, Xue‐song y Wen‐yuan Shi. "Oral Microbiology: Past, Present and Future". International Journal of Oral Science 1, n.º 2 (junio de 2009): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4248/ijos.09029.

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Shah, H. H. "Oral microbiology and immunology, 2nd edition". Journal of Dentistry 23, n.º 5 (octubre de 1995): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-5712(95)90011-x.

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Fouad, Ashraf F. "Microbiological aspects of traumatic injuries". Dental Traumatology 35, n.º 6 (14 de octubre de 2019): 324–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/edt.12494.

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Leonhardt, Åsa, Christina Bergström y Ulf Lekholm. "Microbiologic Diagnostics at Titanium Implants". Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research 5, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2003): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8208.2003.tb00205.x.

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Soares, Andréa Ferreira, Ana Rafaela Luz de Aquino, Cyntia Helena Pereira de Carvalho, Cassiano Francisco Weege Nonaka, Dulce Almeida y Leão Pereira Pinto. "Frequency of oral mucositis and microbiological analysis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate". Brazilian Dental Journal 22, n.º 4 (2011): 312–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402011000400009.

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In view of the morbidity potential of oral complications in patients with leukemia, this study evaluated the clinical and microbiological alterations that occur in the oral mucosa of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy and prophylactic administration of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate. The sample consisted of 17 children aged 2 to 12 years that underwent clinical examination of the oral mucosa for the detection of oral lesions. In addition, biological material was collected from labial and buccal mucosa for microbiological analysis. Oral mucositis was observed in only 5 (29.4%) patients. Microbiological analysis revealed a reduced number of potentially pathogenic microorganisms, such as coagulase-negative staphylococci (47%), Candida albicans (35.3%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (5.9%), enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (5.9%), and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (5.9%). Patients with oral mucositis showed a higher frequency of coagulase-negative staphylococci (80%) when compared with patients with normal oral mucosa (33.3%). In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that the prophylactic use of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate reduces the frequency of oral mucositis and oral pathogens in children with ALL. In addition, the present findings suggest a possible relationship between coagulase-negative staphylococci and the development of oral mucositis.

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de Oliveira, Marcos André M., Lucas P. Carvalho, Marcele de S. Gomes, Olívia Bacellar, Tania F. Barros y Edgar M. Carvalho. "Microbiological and Immunological Features of Oral Candidiasis". Microbiology and Immunology 51, n.º 8 (agosto de 2007): 713–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1348-0421.2007.tb03960.x.

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Belibasakis, Georgios N. "Microbiological changes of the ageing oral cavity". Archives of Oral Biology 96 (diciembre de 2018): 230–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.10.001.

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Sobti, A., R. Hamaudi y C. Hopper. "Spectra of oral cancer microbiology: a review". International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 44 (octubre de 2015): e146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2015.08.812.

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Williams, DW y MAO Lewis. "Oral Microbiology: Isolation and identification of candida from the oral cavity". Oral Diseases 6, n.º 1 (28 de junio de 2008): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-0825.2000.tb00314.x.

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Flemmig, Thomas F., John A. Sorensen, Michael G. Newman y Sushma Nachnani. "Gingival enhancement in fixed prosthodontics. Part II: Microbiologic findings". Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 65, n.º 3 (marzo de 1991): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(91)90226-m.

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George, K., G.-G. K. Zafiropoulos, Y. Murat, S. Hubertus y R. J. Nisengard. "Clinical and microbiological status of osseointegrated implants". Implant Dentistry 4, n.º 2 (1995): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008505-199505000-00010.

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Overcash, J. Scott, Etienne Dumont, Caroline R. Perry, Courtney Tiffany, Nicole Scangarella-Oman, Aparna Raychaudhuri y Mohammad Hossain. "1479. Clinical Efficacy and Safety Analysis Evaluating Oral Gepotidacin (GSK2140944) from a Phase IIa Study in the Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections". Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (octubre de 2019): S539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1343.

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Abstract Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are very common, with approximately 11% of women >18 years of age experiencing at least 1 episode of acute cystitis per year. Multidrug resistance, typically associated with nosocomial infections, has now emerged at the community level making treatment options for UTIs more difficult. Gepotidacin (GEP), a first-in-class, novel triazaacenaphthylene antibacterial has demonstrated in vitro activity against uropathogens including E. coli and provides high and sustained urine concentrations. It selectively inhibits bacterial DNA replication through a unique mechanism not utilized by any currently approved antibacterial. GEP presents an opportunity to address an unmet medical need and warrants study as a potential new and effective oral treatment for acute cystitis. Methods This Phase IIa single-center study was designed primarily to evaluate plasma and urine pharmacokinetics (PK) of gepotidacin in female participants with acute cystitis. Safety data and clinical and microbiological efficacy of gepotidacin were also assessed as secondary and exploratory endpoints. All participants received oral gepotidacin 1,500 mg BID for 5 days (total of 10 doses) during clinic confinement. Pretreatment and posttreatment PK collections were performed together with safety, efficacy, microbiological, and exploratory assessments throughout the study. Results Summary of Exploratory Endpoints (ITT Population). Clinical Efficacy: All subjects had significant improvement of clinical symptoms (dysuria, frequency, urgency, lower abdominal pain) within 24 to 48 hours of treatment. Most subjects, (20/22; 90.9%) achieved symptom resolution at test of cure (ToC) and follow-up (F/U). Microbiological eradication was achieved independent of baseline CFU’s (see microbiology abstract). Safety Endpoint: Most common AEs involved the GI tract (diarrhea (18/22 [82%] and nausea 17/22 [77%]). Per investigator observation, tolerance to nausea was observed with repeat dosing. No withdrawal due to AE. There were no clinically relevant trends in safety laboratories, ECG, or vital signs. Conclusion This first report of efficacy and safety in the treatment of acute cystitis supports further study of the clinical use of GEP in this indication. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Yarov, Yuriy Yu. "RHEOLOGICAL, IMMUNOLOGICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PARAMETER DYNAMICS AFTER DENTAL IMPLANTATION". Wiadomości Lekarskie 72, n.º 2 (2019): 216–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek201902114.

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Introduction: It has been proven that the oral hygiene is determined by the quantitative and qualitative composition of the bacterial biofilm, by the local immunity, and the rheological properties of the oral fluid. The aim of this study was to observe the dynamics of these parameters in the short term postoperative period after dental implantation in patients with a different state of periodontal tissues, depending on maintenance therapy. Materials and methods: 124 healthy people, aged 18 to 34, were examined. Depending on the follow-up maintenance therapy after dental implantation, patients were divided into two equal study groups: patients of the main group received the proposed differentiated maintenance therapy, the volume and multiplicity of which were determined by the initial oral hygiene state; patients of the control group underwent traditional treatment. Patients with healthy periodontium comprised a comparison group. Using the digital drop shape, the viscosity coefficient b2 was determined. Identification of the biofilm’s microorganisms was carried out with aerobic and anaerobic cultivation techniques. The presence of immunoglobulin SIgA in the oral liquid was determined by Manchini’s radial immunodiffusion method. Results: In the main group, the viscosity coefficient b2 and the content of SIgA immunoglobulin in the oral fluid were significantly higher than in the control group (p <0.05). The proposed maintenance therapy led to the restoration of the species domination of the probiotic microflora, proportional to the healthy periodontium both in the frequency of selection, and the level of insemination. The indicated dynamics of these parameters leads to a probable decrease of the Green-Vermillion HI (p<0,05). Conclusions: Proposed maintenance therapy leads to a probable improvement of the oral hygiene state based on Green-Vermillion HI, caused by the normalization of the surfactant properties of the oral liquid, biofilm’s ratio of microbial associations, and local oral hygiene.

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32

M. Ahmad, Hemin y Saeed A. Abdulkareem. "Oral Manifestations and Microbiological Effects of Miswak and Toothbrush Users in a Sample of People of Kirkuk City". Sulaimani dental journal 8, n.º 1 (6 de enero de 2021): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17656/sdj.10132.

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33

Şenel, Sevda. "An Overview of Physical, Microbiological and Immune Barriers of Oral Mucosa". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, n.º 15 (22 de julio de 2021): 7821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22157821.

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The oral mucosa, which is the lining tissue of the oral cavity, is a gateway to the body and it offers first-line protection against potential pathogens, exogenous chemicals, airborne allergens, etc. by means of its physical and microbiological-immune barrier functions. For this reason, oral mucosa is considered as a mirror to the health of the individual as well as a guard or early warning system. It is organized in two main components: a physical barrier, which consists of stratified epithelial cells and cell–cell junctions, and a microbiological-immune barrier that keeps the internal environment in a condition of homeostasis. Different factors, including microorganism, saliva, proteins and immune components, have been considered to play a critical role in disruption of oral epithelial barrier. Altered mucosal structure and barrier functions results in oral pathologies as well as systemic diseases. About 700 kinds of microorganisms exist in the human mouth, constituting the oral microbiota, which plays a significant role on the induction, training and function of the host immune system. The immune system maintains the symbiotic relationship of the host with this microbiota. Crosstalk between the oral microbiota and immune system includes various interactions in homeostasis and disease. In this review, after reviewing briefly the physical barriers of oral mucosa, the fundamentals of oral microbiome and oral mucosal immunity in regard to their barrier properties will be addressed. Furthermore, their importance in development of new diagnostic, prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for certain diseases as well as in the application for personalized medicine will be discussed.

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34

Sadykov, MI I., DA A. Trunin, AM M. Nesterov y MS S. Сhistyakova. "IMMUNOLOGICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL STATUS OF THE ORAL CAVITY IN ELDERLY PATIENTS USING REMOVABLE LAMINAR DENTURES". Science and Innovations in Medicine 1, n.º 2 (15 de junio de 2016): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.35693/2500-1388-2016-0-2-50-54.

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Aim - analysis of immunological and microbiological indicators of oral cavity in elderly patients who use complete and partial removable dentures. Materials and methods. 42 patients with combinations of complete and partial absence of teeth were involved in the research. The group included 27 women and 15 men, whose age varied from 60 to 74 years. All patients used complete and partial removable dentures. Results. The results show marked abnormality of microbiocenosis of the oral mucosa in patients engaged in the research. Conclusion. The results of the microbiological research of the oral mucosa in elderly patients who use removable dentures demonstrate significant dysbiotic changes in the resident and transient oral microflora both in quantitative and qualitative indicators.

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35

Hardie, J. M. "Oral microbiology: current concepts in the microbiology of dental caries and periodontal disease". British Dental Journal 172, n.º 7 (abril de 1992): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4807849.

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36

Pankhurst, C., R. Rautemaa-Richardson, N. Seoudi, A. Smith y M. Wilson. "Antimicrobial resistance: Antibiotics and consultant oral microbiologist posts". British Dental Journal 220, n.º 1 (enero de 2016): 2–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.2016.5.

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37

Ramakrishnaiah, Ravikumar, Bangalore H. Durgesh, Santhosh Basavarajappa, Abdulaziz A. Al Kheraif y Darshan Devang Divakar. "Genetic, molecular and microbiological aspects of oral cancer". Reviews in Medical Microbiology 26, n.º 4 (noviembre de 2015): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mrm.0000000000000051.

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38

Villa, Tomás G., Ángeles Sánchez-Pérez y Carmen Sieiro. "Oral lichen planus: a microbiologist point of view". International Microbiology 24, n.º 3 (10 de marzo de 2021): 275–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10123-021-00168-y.

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39

Swift, James Q. "Periodontal and Microbiologic Considerations With Third Molars". Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 66, n.º 8 (agosto de 2008): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2008.05.047.

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40

Rams, Thomas E., Burton E. Balkin, Thomas W. Roberts y Arthur K. Molzan. "Microbiological Aspects of Human Mandibular Subperiosteal Dental Implants". Journal of Oral Implantology 39, n.º 6 (1 de diciembre de 2013): 714–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-11-00023.

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Clinical, microbiological, and biochemical features of human mandibular subperiosteal dental implants exhibiting peri-implantitis were compared with those experiencing long-term peri-implant health. After evaluation of clinical parameters, submucosal plaque samples were obtained from permucosal implant abutment posts exhibiting probing depths ≥5 mm and bleeding on probing in subjects with peri-implantitis (n = 3) and from posts with peri-implant health in subjects with long-term subperiosteal implant health (n = 8). The microbial specimens were transported in VMGA III and plated onto enriched Brucella blood agar and Hammond's selective medium with anaerobic incubation, and onto selective TSBV with 5% CO2 incubation. Total anaerobic viable counts and selected bacterial species were identified using established phenotypic methods and criteria. In vitro resistance to doxycycline (2 μg/mL), amoxicillin (2 μg/mL), or metronidazole (4 μg/mL) was recorded per subject when bacterial pathogen growth was noted on antibiotic-supplemented isolation plates. Interleukin (IL)–1β levels were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in peri-implant crevicular fluid samples from 5 study subjects. Significantly higher Plaque Index scores, higher total anaerobic viable counts, more red complex species, and lower proportions of gram-positive facultative viridans streptococci and Actinomyces species were detected on peri-implantitis–affected subperiosteal implants as compared with subperiosteal implants with long-term peri-implant health. No in vitro resistance to the 3 test antibiotic breakpoint concentrations studied was found, except a Fusobacterium nucleatum strain resistant to doxycycline at 2 μg/mL from 1 peri-implantitis subject. Subperiosteal implants with peri-implantitis tended to yield higher peri-implant crevicular fluid IL-1β levels. The level of peri-implant supramucosal plaque control and the composition of the peri-implant submucosal microbiome may be important determinants of the long-term clinical status of mandibular subperiosteal dental implants.

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41

Rapp, Robert P. "Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Intravenous and Oral Azithromycin: Enhanced Tissue Activity and Minimal Drug Interactions". Annals of Pharmacotherapy 32, n.º 7-8 (julio de 1998): 785–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.17299.

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OBJECTIVE: To review the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral and intravenous azithromycin compared with other macrolide antibiotics, and to evaluate these differences and their relation to clinical effectiveness. DATA SOURCE: A MEDLINE search (1966–May 1998) was performed to identify applicable English-language clinical, animal, and microbiologic studies pertaining to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters. STUDY SELECTION: Relevant studies concerning microbiology, pharmacokinetics, tissue concentrations, pharmacodynamics, and the clinical effects of these parameters were selected. DATA SYNTHESIS: The structural modification that distinguishes the azalide antibiotics from the macrolide antibiotics is responsible for the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic behavior of azithromycin, resulting in the high and sustained tissue and intracellular concentrations seen with this agent. Drug delivery to the site of infection by phagocytes and fibroblasts is the hallmark of azithromycin's tissue-directed pharmacodynamics, allowing for convenient once-daily, 5-day regimens for most infections that respond to oral therapy and 7–10 days for more serious infections requiring initial intravenous therapy. Metabolism is via hepatic pathways other than cytochrome P450, thus minimizing the risk of drug interactions. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with other macrolide antibiotics, the unique pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features of azithromycin offer the potential for improved efficacy and safety from drug interactions. These attributes, combined with its once-daily dosing schedule, make azithromycin suitable for the treatment of many types of bacterial infection.

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42

Fine, Daniel H. "Dr. Theodor Rosebury: Grandfather of Modern Oral Microbiology". Journal of Dental Research 85, n.º 11 (noviembre de 2006): 990–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910608501103.

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43

Allaker, R. P. y D. Dymock. "Proceedings of the 8th European Oral Microbiology Workshop". Advances in Dental Research 18, n.º 2 (noviembre de 2005): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154407370501800202.

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44

Andrews, L. "Book review: Oral microbiology and immunology, 2nd edition". British Dental Journal 216, n.º 10 (mayo de 2014): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.2014.418.

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45

Bagg, J. y D. F. Kinane. "Report of the Third European Oral Microbiology Workshop". Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease 3, n.º 6 (enero de 1990): i—iii. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08910609009140257.

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46

Bagg, J. y D. F. Kinane. "Report of the Fourth European Oral Microbiology Workshop". Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease 7, n.º 2 (enero de 1994): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08910609409141581.

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47

Allaker, R. P. y J. Aduse-Opoku. "Report of the Fifth European Oral Microbiology Workshop". Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease 9, n.º 6 (enero de 1996): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08910609609166476.

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48

ALLAKER, R. P. y J. ADUSE‐OPOKU. "Report of the Fifth European Oral Microbiology Workshop". Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease 9, n.º 6 (noviembre de 1996): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1234-987x(199611)9:6<341::aid-meh449>3.3.co;2-t.

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49

Belusic-Gobic, Margita, Arijan Zubovic, Anamarija Predrijevac, David Harmicar, Robert Cerovic, Silvana Udovic Gobic y Lorena Zubovic. "Microbiology of wound infection after oral cancer surgery". Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery 48, n.º 7 (julio de 2020): 700–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcms.2020.05.011.

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50

Mosby, E. L. "The microbiology of peritonsillar sepsis". Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 50, n.º 9 (septiembre de 1992): 1020–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-2391(92)90071-7.

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