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1
Bien-aise, Hemsley. "Adaptive Shared Cache Migration Policy". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1275506661.
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Nefodova, A. A. "Migration policy and regulation of the international labor force migration". Master's thesis, Sumy State University, 2019. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/75548.
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У роботі досліджено сутність міжнародної міграції робочої сили, класифікація цього явища та певні стратегії міграційної політики з метою запобігання нелегальної трудової міграції. Був проведений аналіз вже існуючих стратегій міграційної політики та їх ефективності. Основною метою цього дослідження є розробка рекомендацій щодо підвищення ефективності вже існуючих стратегій міграційної політики та внесення певних змін задля забезпечення їх більшої ефективності.The master’s thesis examines the essence of the term “international labor migration”, the classification of this phenomenon and certain strategies of migration policy in order to prevent illegal labor migration. The focus was on the analysis of the existing migration policy strategies and the effectiveness of these strategies. The main aim of this research is to develop recommendations for improving the effectiveness of existing migration policy strategies and for making some changes to improve its effectiveness.
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Yugova, Ksenia. "MIGRATION POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-125224.
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The Master's thesis investigates a range of problems of migration policy of the Russian Federation. The main goal of the thesis is to identify causes, that underlay inefficiency of implemented measures in migration field; and to develop recommendations to make the Russian migration policy more efficient. A work solution process is based on the hypothesis that goals and tools of the Russian migration policy are not enough consecutive and effective, therefore the whole system requires revision and alteration. The theoretical part discloses the impact of migration on a national economy and provides considerations about how to create an efficient migration policy. The practical part focuses on analysis of Russian immigration, emigration and internal-migration policies. This part completes with author's proposals how to improve Russian migration policy. Research is conducted using the method of description, relation and qualitative analysis and prediction method.
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Borger, Scott Charles. "Essays on migration and monetary policy". Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3369466.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed September 15, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Zerboni, Silvia <1993>. "The Italian migration policy in Libya". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/17087.
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Partendo da un excursus storico riguardante le diverse fasi delle relazioni italo-libiche, questa tesi si propone di analizzare l’attuale politica migratoria italiana in Libia, partendo dagli interessi iniziali dei due paesi per poi concludere con l’analisi dei risultati ad oggi realmente raggiunti. All'interno dell'elaborato ci si interroga anche sulle caratteristiche di questa cooperazione bilaterale, per capire se può essere considerato un caso di esternalizzazione.
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Galvao, Gabriela. "Securitization of migration and transnationalization of migration affecting Swedish integration policy". Thesis, Linnaeus University, School of Social Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-6694.
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“Unemployment is a restriction of people’s social
networks and the feeling of participation in the society”
-Marita Eastmond & Lisa Åkesson
Abstract
The main aim of this study is to discuss integration in the labour market by analyzing and discussing a governmental Proposition and a Pilot Project as well as the results of the field work herein carried out. In order to understand how integration in the labour market occurs and to provide some suggestions to improve the governmental documents, the concepts of securitization of migration and transnationalization of migration were used as analytical frameworks. The Pilot Project chosen is Pilotverksamhet med etableringssamtal och etableringsplan – Uppdaterad projektplan med mål och riktlinjer för den utvidgade försöksverksamheten based on the Proposition 2009/10:60 ”Nyanlända invandrares arbetsmarknadsetablering – egenansvar med professionellt stöd”. The research questions are 1) which questions are left aside from the Proposition and which are possible suggestions to the questions found? 2) How are the interviewees and the Pilot Project/Proposition affected by securitization of migration and transnationalization of migration? Furthermore, suggestions to improve the proposition were discussed. Interviews with primary and secondary stakeholders were also carried out. This analysis was carried out together with the results of the field work in Kronoberg (focused on residents of Araby, Arbetsförmedlingen and Växjö Kommun) in the view of the concepts of securitization and transnational migration issues. The method of this research is qualitative with an abductive approach. The result of this study indicates a number of issues to be improved in the Proposition document before the law be promulgated by the government, as well as some issues that hinder the integration process of the primary stakeholders. Reflection for future studies concerning the influence of securitization and transnationalization phenomena, as well as suggestions to improve people’s integration processes are presented in the conclusion of this study.
Keywords: Arbetsförmedlingen, Araby, county, immigration, integration, international migration, municipality, Kommun, policy, Proposition, securitization, Sweden, Swedish, Växjö
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Bassetto, Jacopo. "Three Essays on Migration, Migration Policies, and Migrants’ Integration". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/345385.
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In many countries, migration is a high priority in both the public and political debate. Countries face continuous challenges to attract, retain and integrate migrants in their societies. In recent years, the economic crisis, the refugee crisis and the surge of populist movements and xenophobic violence have exposed countries to even bigger challenges. It is therefore crucial to understand what governments and societies can do to transform migration phenomena into opportunities for both destination and origin countries. In my dissertation I investigated empirically three topics in the economics of migration. First, the role of certificate recognition for the labor market integration of high-skilled migrants and the effects of a policy that facilitated certificate recognition for all immigrants. Second, the brain drain phenomenon and the effects of a policy that introduce tax incentives to return migration for high-skilled young Italian emigrants. Third, return intentions and labor market behaviors of immigrants, and the effects of home country socio-political conditions on these two outcomes. The dissertation aims at contributing to the growing literature on the economics of migration with novel findings on specific policies and channels, and to the policy debate on migration and integration policies.
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Radomska, Malgorzata. "What is "migration policy" ? : the case study of migration policy of the Second Republic of Poland (1918-1939)". Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0028.
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Cette thèse avait pour but d’examiner les significations et la nature de la « politique migratoire » et d’en proposer un cadre théorique, tout en effectuant une analyse globale de la politique d’immigration de la Deuxième République de Pologne (1918-1939), à l’époque un État multilinguistique, multiconfessionnel et multiculturel, qui est (ré)construit à l’issue de la Grande Guerre. En s’appuyant sur les méthodes qualitatives et sur l’analyse de contenu d’archives ou de sources primaires imprimés, en tant que notre méthode d’analyse des données, nous visons à étudier les questions suivantes: dans quelle mesure la politique d’immigration fait partie des politiques publiques d’un État et sert d’instrument pour la construction de l'État et de la Nation, mais aussi comment l’État protège ses citoyens à l'étranger ? Quelles en sont les origines et comment l’État construit sa politique migratoire ? Est-elle constante ou évolue-t-elle - et le cas échéant comment ? - en fonction du temps, du régime ou contexte politique (démocratie parlementaire, régime autoritaire, ou la montée des tensions précédant une guerre) ? Quelles sont les interactions entre la politique migratoire, la politique étrangère de l'État et les relations internationales et quelle est l’imporance des accords bilatéraux sur la migration en tant qu'outils juridiques internationaux ?The objective of this dissertation was to investigate the meaning and nature of ‘migration policy’ and give it a theoretical frame by conducting a global analysis of the migration policy of the Second Republic of Poland (1918-1939), a multi-linguistic, multi-faith, multi-cultural Polish state ‘(re)established’ after the Great War. Using qualitative research methods and applying the content analysis of archival sources and other primary printed materials as our data analysis method we aimed to investigate: the extent to which migration policy is a public policy of the state, a tool for the state and nation building and how the state protects its citizens abroad; the origins and construction of the state migration policy and the extent to which it is a constant policy and if/how it changes over time in different political scenarios: parliamentary democracy system, authoritarian regime and in the years of growing military and political tension preceding the outbreak of war; the interactions between migration policy, foreign policy of the state and international relations, as well as the meaning of bilateral migration agreements as international legal tools
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Wignell, Valentina. "Security Representations in Environmental Migration Policy : A Policy Analysis on Environmental Migration Policy in Central America from a Human and State Security Perspective". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-412840.
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The main objective of this study is to analyse problem representations within national and multilateral policy concerning environmental migration in Central America. The study mainly focuses on Mexico and Costa Rica’s national legal frameworks regarding environmental migration but also draws on bilateral as well as multilateral agreements ratified by the countries. In a two-step analysis, the perspectives of human security and state security are used to identify key representations, followed by an application of Bacchi’s (2016) post-structural policy analysis tool ‘What is the problem represented to be?’, allowing for an understanding of environmental migration policy in a wider context. The results of the study show how human security characteristics are most prevalent within environmental migration policy, albeit acknowledging the implicit prevalence of state security characteristics. The study makes attributions to the understanding of the discourse and conceptualisation concerning environmental migration and recommends further studies on efficient interlinkages between human and state security-oriented policies.
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Boynton, Elspeth Whitney. "Protectionism and national migration policy in South Africa". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/19953.
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In the past two decades, South Africa has become the "new migration hub" in Africa. The country has witnessed the dramatic rise of people flowing into its borders post-apartheid from the continent and beyond. However, in response to the large influx of migrants (legal and illegal), South Africa has adopted protectionist and nationalistic migration policies, emphasizing border control, rather than migration facilitation or migrant protection. Despite South Africa's post-apartheid commitments to human rights, democracy, and Pan-Africanism, the restrictive nature of these laws has led to the mistreatment and neglect of refugee and asylum seekers, the unlawful detention and deportation of legal in-migrants, and the failure to address societal xenophobia. These policies have also contributed to a severe skills shortage in South Africa, impeding the growth of the South African economy, while also thwarting SADC's ability to govern migration cooperatively in the region. In light of the most recent migration reforms implemented in 2014, instigating more protectionism, this thesis examines and seeks to explain why South Africa has adopted and continues to maintain these policies post-apartheid despite their negative implications and lack of congruence with South Africa's new national identity. The international relations theories of constructivism and neoclassical realism (NCR) are used to understand and explain South Africa's decision to maintain a protectionist migration agenda. Ultimately, the thesis argues that South Africa's reasons for adopting a protectionist migration agenda are numerous and exist at all levels of analysis. These reasons include (1) South Africa's formation of an exclusionary national identity post-apartheid, (2) the persistence of mass legal and illegal in-migration to the country, (3) the institutionalized perception of migration as a threat to national and social security by South African policy-makers/media/community leaders, and (4) the failure of the state to provide adequate social service delivery, impacting the implementation of more liberal policies in the new millennium.
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Freier, De Ferrari Luisa Feline. "A reverse migration paradox? : policy liberalisation and new south-south migration to Latin America". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2016. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3455/.
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In past decades, immigration policies in Latin America developed in stark contrast to other regions. Whereas most countries moved towards more restrictive policies, many Latin American countries liberalised their immigration policy frameworks and recently passed laws that expand individual rights in unprecedented ways. At the same time, migratory movements in Latin America are in flux, one of the most noteworthy recent developments being the increase in extra-continental immigration from Africa, Asia and the Caribbean. This PhD explores a reverse migration paradox inherent in the reciprocal causal relationship between immigration policy liberalisation and new south-south migration. The first paper uses a mixed approach of legal analysis and process tracing to show this paradox in the cases of Argentina, Brazil and Ecuador. It analyses the tension between liberal discourses and policies that invoke the universality of migrants’ rights and free human mobility, on the one hand, and the rejection of recently increasing irregular south–south migration on the other. Using a difference-in-difference design, the second paper tests the impact of Ecuador’s policy of visa freedom of 2008 on previously restricted countries in Asia, Africa and the Caribbean, and shows that immigration from these regions more than doubled. Qualitative findings confirm that visa freedom was the main determinant of migrants’ decision to move to Ecuador and further show great variance of migrant characteristics. The third paper is based on 35 in-depth interviews, which collectively demonstrate that perceived security threats of domestic and international political actors, which led to the partial reintroduction of tourist visa requirements for ten African and Asian countries by 2010, were closely intertwined with racism. Taken together, the three papers have important implications for the study of immigration policies, south-south migration and the securitisation of migration.
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Jedličková, Kristýna. "Migration towards Europe and the “welfare magnet”: “Determinants of Turkish Migration to EU-15”". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201911.
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The purpose of this thesis is to analyse which factors drive migration from Turkey towards Europe and whether the welfare benefits play a major role in the decision making process. The analysis is based on a gravitation model of migration in log-log form. The FE and RE methods were employed as estimation techniques and the Hausman test enabled to distinguish them. The present problem of heteroscedasticity was solved by adjusting the model with robust standard errors. The most important determinants appear to be individual income which immigrants can earn in the states of the EU-15 and welfare benefits provided by the EU-15. The number of acquisition of citizenship, as a proxy for migration policy of countries the EU-15, plays also important role. The limitation of the model is that the rest of the variables are not statistically significant and therefore we do not consider them as important determinants.
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Good, Michael. "Essays on Migration: Nexus with Policy, Trade, and Development". FIU Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1450.
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This dissertation analyzes the intersection of migration with public policy, international trade, and economic development. The first essay investigates the impact on internal migration for 52 different demographic groups of the recent influx of state omnibus immigration laws targeting undocumented immigrants in the United States. Through a difference-in-differences estimation, I find empirical evidence that while the demographic groups pinpointed as having higher percentages of undocumented immigrants certainly experience population and employment 'outflows' from states implementing these immigration laws, there is a lack of associated 'inflows' for those demographic groups identified by economic theory as being probable substitutes for undocumented immigrants. Several segments designated as probable substitutes actually experience an adverse effect on population and employment.
The second essay examines the effect that migrants have on international trade between states of current residence and states of origin. My analysis provides the first results as to the migration-trade nexus at the state level for both places of destination and origin, relying on a unique data set allowing the mapping of Mexican-born migrants' U.S. states of residence to Mexican states of origin. In addition to an augmented gravity model, I employ generalized propensity scores in examining the potential of nonlinearities in the migration-trade relationship, estimating statistically significant elasticities of exports to both in-state and neighboring-state migration.
The third essay analyzes the potentially enormous wage gains that may motivate international migration, an activity which is limited to some extent by governments across the entire world. Freer human mobility and the effects of migration on the migrants themselves have not garnered nearly as much attention as numerous other topics related to the economics of migration. I present novel data collected through household interviews in communities both in Mexico and the United States, comparing the absolute and relative wage gains for interviewees with data from existing Mexican surveys. Migrants indeed stand to collect large net gains; average incomes increase more than fivefold immediately, moving from the lower deciles of origin wage distributions to the top deciles. These results surpass those of some of the most successful current programs of economic development.
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Annett, Kevin Daniel. "International labor migration : a comparative perspective on Canadian policy". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26357.
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More than twenty million human beings are pursuing work in foreign lands in the 1980's, the majority of them unskilled men or families in search of higher wages. These migrant workers are the most vulnerable souls among us, for they lack legal status in a world where the statusless are immediate victims. Nevertheless, both developing and mature economies have relied on these mobile workers as a cheap labor source, and have used and discarded migrants according to economic and political expediency. From the Mexican bracero smuggled illegally into the United States to the massive foreign workforce of Saudi Arabia, migrants have been imported with impunity because of their low wage utility, but universally have been kept in a temporary, stateless condition with few guaranteed rights.
Canada is an exception to this global trend, and this fact is the subject of my thesis. Although facing the same general economic compulsions of other nations, especially the competitive need to lower its costs of production, Canada has imported few migrant workers since the 1950's, and has pursued a policy of settling immigrants as residents rather than maintaining a temporary foreign workforce. The reasons for this constitute the central problem of my thesis.
Being a global and systemic phenomenon, labor migration must be studied in a comparative manner. This is particularly true when one considers the variety of cultural and policy responses which attend the arrival of migrant workers in different countries. Accordingly, my investigation of the reasons for Canada's policy approach to migrant labor begins with a consideration of the nature and evolution of policy responses of other nations to migrants. Such a comparative analytical method provides a more complete profile of migratory labor as well as a yardstick against which the Canadian experience can be contrasted.
My general conclusions are the result of a comparative and historical appreciation of labor migration to Canada. A settlement tradition, a small and fluctuating labor market, and a political and cultural aversion to temporary labor migration have combined to create Canada's notably durable policy approach to migrant workers since World War II; one which has consciously limited the size of the non-settled foreign worker population despite the economic benefits of cheap migrant labor.
My study has also illuminated the almost universally narrow policy approach of governments to migrant workers, who initially are conceived of in purely economic terms without regard to their long-term social impact. Reflective of immediate political and economic interests, public policy is inherently adaptive and shifting, and accordingly governments have lacked a broad perspective on both migrant workers and the social-economic problems which engender their importation.
My final observation is one which recognizes the indivisibility of moral and "practical" issues regarding migrant workers. The latter are people, not a lifeless economic category, and are victims of global inequalities which prompt migration abroad. Unfortunately, the humanity of the migrant is the first reality ignored by policy-makers and employers. It has been convenient for powerful men to keep migrants stateless and devoid of rights so as to better exploit their labor. In this way, the modern migrant resembles the Holocaust era Jew who first had to be deprived of his and her nationality before mass annihalation was possible. The twentieth century is a graphic testament to the fact that the statusless person is wholly at the mercy of others.
Thus, for moral and analytical reasons, ultimate answers to the problems created by migrating populations are not possible without addressing global rather than purely national conditions, and without replacing pragmatic self-interest with empathic understanding.Arts, Faculty of
Political Science, Department of
Graduate
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Wolf, Clara. "Housing and monetary policy : three essays on empirical housing economics and international monetary policy". Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0067.
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Cette thèse étudie des sujets hétérogènes puisqu'elle s’intéresse à la fois à l'économie du logement et à la politique monétaire internationale à l’aide de divers outils, tels que la modélisation théorique, l’évaluation microéconomique d’une politique publique, et une approche macroéconomique empirique. Elle est constituée de trois chapitres. Le premier, co-écrit avec Eric Monnet, s'intéresse à la relation entre les changements démographiques au sein des pays et l’investissement résidentiel. Le second, co-écrit avec Guillaume Chapelle et Benjamin Vignolles, évalue l'impact d'un dispositif d’incitation fiscale à l’investissement locatif sur plusieurs dimensions du marché du logement français. Enfin, le troisième étudie comment la politique monétaire devrait réagir aux afflux de capitaux en cas de frictions sur le marché financierThis thesis investigates heterogeneous topics since it is related to both housing economics and monetary economics, and uses various tools including theoretical modeling, microeconomic policy evaluation and macroeconomic empirical approach. It is constituted of three chapters. The first one, co-authored with Eric Monnet, is interested in the relationship between demographic changes within countries and housing investment. The second one, co-authored with Guillaume Chapelle and Benjamin Vignolles, assesses the impact of a housing tax credit on several dimensions of the housing market. Finally, the third one studies how monetary policy should react to capital inflows when there are frictions on the financial market
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Garrett, James M. "THE SECURITIZATION OF MIGRATION: AN ANALYSIS OF UNITED STATES BORDER SECURITY AND MIGRATION POLICY TOWARD MEXICO". Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/32822.
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By examining securitization speech acts and the organizational behavior of the agencies tasked with controlling border security and immigration, this thesis will examine the consequences of security discourse on United States policies for the borderlands, the impact of escalating speech acts for the securitization of those key territories, and the limits placed upon political leaders and relevant organizations by institutional forces. Specifically, this thesis will examine the implementation and consequences of guest-worker programs between the United States and Mexico during World War I and World War II. In addition, this thesis will examine how organizational behavior shaped the ability of United States government agencies to implement and enforce border security and labor policy.
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Lindegren, Sofia y Fard Delaram Ashiri. "Migration Policy as a determinant of asylum flows in EU countries". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-176947.
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We investigate the effect of migration policy reforms on the number of asylum applications into 22 EU countries. This is done by using the Determinants of International Migration Policy, DEMIG policy index as a proxy for policy reforms in EU countries and the number of asylum applications from UNHCR. We perform OLS regressions with destination country fixed effects with HAC clustered standard errors. We contribute to the existing literature by using the DEMIG policy index which, to our knowledge, has not been used in earlier literature. We also thoroughly investigate the effect of migration policy, including both more restrictive and less restrictive policy. Through the investigation of the destination fixed effects, we find robust empirical evidence that migration policy does have an effect on asylum flows, which suggests, in addition to earlier literature, that migration policy is an important factor to have in consideration. Furthermore, we explore whether the push and pull factors examined in previous literature are consistent with our results. We find that the results vary, but are consistently in line with most of the earlier literature. In addition, we find that when other determinants of migration are included, the effect of migration policy diminishes.
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Paul, Thierry. "Three essays on inter-sectoral labour migration and government policy". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240905.
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Russell, Sharon Stanton 1944. "Uneasy welcome--the political economy in migration policy in Kuwait". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111071.
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Gemenne, François. "Environmental changes and migration flows : normative frameworks and policy responses". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009IEPP0015.
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Depuis quelques années, d’importants déplacements de populations sont régulièrement annoncés comme l’une des conséquences les plus dramatiques du changement climatique. Plusieurs dizaines de millions de personnes pourraient ainsi être contraintes à l’exil en raison des impacts du réchauffement global, selon les estimations alarmistes. Ces prédictions, pourtant, relèvent d’une logique largement déterministe, qui simplifie souvent la relation entre dégradation environnementale et migrations à une causalité directe, et néglige l’importance des cadres normatifs. Cette thèse prend le contre-pied de cette approche, et démontreque l’ampleur et la nature de ces flux migratoires ne dépendront pas uniquement des impacts du changement climatique, mais également – et surtout – des politiques qui seront mises en place pour limiter ces impacts et encadrer ces migrations. Au travers d'une approche constructiviste, la thèse se penche sur les réponses politiques apportées jusqu’ici aux mouvements de population provoqués par des dégradations environnementales. En particulier, elle examine l’émergence progressive de la question des « migrations environnementales » à l’agenda politique, et comment les politiques migratoires et environnementales ont évolué dans des sens différents pour traiter cette question. La traduction de ces politiques sur le terrain est examinée et comparée dans deux études empiriques: le déplacement massif de la population de La Nouvelle-Orléans suite à l’ouragan Katrina, et la migration progressive des habitants de Tuvalu, archipel du Pacifique Sud menacé par la montée des océans, vers la Nouvelle-ZélandeMassive population displacements are regularly forecast as one of the most dramatic consequences of climate change. The thesis shows that such an approch is overly deterministic, and argues that patterns of migration flows depend primarily on policy responses. In a constructivist approah, the research contends that the very conceptualisation of environmental migration, as a political construct, is contingent upon the normative frameworks and policy responses that aim to address it. These frameworks and responses are examined in two policy areas: migration policies and environmental policies. Two empirical studies, in New Orleans and Tuvalu, complement the analysis
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Bjerhem, Elin. "Knowledge is Power -About Swedish Politicians' Knowledge Concerning Migration Policy". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21123.
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Abstract:This thesis deals with Swedish politicians and their knowledge concerning migration policy. It investigates what knowledge the politicians have and from where they collect their knowledge on the mentioned topic. The study also investigates the politicians’ role as mediators of knowledge and the possible responsibilities connected to such a role.The main source for data has been interviews with six Swedish politicians, all members of parties, represented in the Swedish Parliament. To understand and be able to explain the results found, Sociology of Knowledge has been used as theoretical framework.The result of the thesis is that politicians in general, possess very little knowledge concerning migration policy. But, the current presence of the Swedish right wing party, Sverigedemokraterna, has changed the social code of the institutions that the politicians are members of and therefore many politicians have realized that they are in need of more knowledge, on the discussed topic. It was also found that the politicians have an important role as mediators of knowledge to the members of society. This role is connected to a responsibility of being correct and truthful in the statements made.
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Ivanova, Tatiana V. "Immigration policy in the U.S. and trends in international migration". Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1999. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
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Thesis (M.P.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1999.Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2944. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as preliminary leaves. Includes bibliographical references.
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Ткачова, Наталія Миколаївна, Наталья Николаевна Ткачева, Nataliya Tkachova, Олена Олександрівна Казанська, Елена Александровна Казанская y Olena Kazanska. "Providing national security in conditions European and Euro-Аtlantic course of Ukraine". Thesis, Baltija Publishing, Riga, Latvia, 2020. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/43694.
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The process of formation and implementation of the national security state policy currently is one of the most acute issue in Ukraine. Modern realities of Ukraine’s existence as an independent state require, within the framework of the national security policy implementation, to take into account the country's request to realize national interests in all spheres of society's life. Nowadays, the country faces intensification of the unregulated (illegal) migration processes and the lack of an effective state regulation system of migration processes, which constitute a direct threat to the country national security, promote the criminalization growth and the organized criminal groups’ formation, and contribute to the social tension exacerbation in society. The bodies of the State Migration Service of Ukraine face with an urgent need for a more profound migration perception as a socio- economic phenomenon and an active search for qualitatively new approaches to migration policy formation and control over population territorial movements.
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Abiri, Elisabeth. "The securitisation of migration : towards an understanding of migration policy changes in the 1990s ; the case of Sweden /". Göteborg : Dept. of Peace and Development Research, Göteborg Univ, 2000. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sub-hamburg/322541085.pdf.
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Lai, I. Tak. "Towards the EU common migration and asylum policy : challenges or opportunities?" Thesis, University of Macau, 2010. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2555551.
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Nakache, Delphine. "The "Othering" process: exploring the instrumentalisation of law in migration policy". Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40679.
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Migration law and policy are clearly committed to the state (and its citizens) at the expense of the migrant. Receiving societies regard the migrant as a threat to the order and unity of national identity but the migrant is, in fact, also constitutive of that order and unity. This reveals a paradoxical relationship of the migrant to law. Questions of identity and alterity occupy a pivotal place in investigations related to the treatment of the migrant subject. Identity is a construct which is indeterminate and relational. This construct of the migrant brings to the fore the dependence of the migration system on the image of the migrant as repressed and marginalized. Within the international legal system, definitional discourses regarding forced/voluntary migration also have serious identity and policy related implications. The exclusion of migrants who does not fit within the narrow “boxes” of international migration law occurs precisely because international law cannot develop its ideal self-image without a caste of international refusés. Like the nation-state, international migration law achieves parts of its legitimacy through exclusion. International migration law also provide an escape mechanism which the state can access in order to advance its political goals. Both domestically and internationally, migrants are subjected by the legal discourse on migration to a form of violence which suppresses their humanity. Migrants are commandeered to help constitute the identity of international law and national societies. This de-ethicalizes the relationship with the migrant by negating the migrant’s autonomous nature. It therefore becomes necessary to introduce the ethics of alterity in law and to move the migrant back into the centre of the migration discourse. A significant way to do this is to be aware of the violence which is perpetrated upon the migrant and to work towards the elaboration of a less state-centred system open to constant reconsideration.Le droit et les politiques migratoires servent de manière délibérée l’intérêt de l’État (et de ses citoyens) au dépend de celui des migrants. Les sociétés d’accueil considèrent que le migrant est une menace à l’ordre et à l’unité de l’identité nationale mais le migrant est en en fait nécessaire pour la constitution d’une identité nationale ordonnée et unitaire. Ceci démontre la relation ambiguë entre le droit et le migrant. Les questions d’identité et d’altérité occupent une place centrale dans toute réflexion portant sur le traitement juridique du migrant. L’identité est un construit vague et relationnel et le système migratoire repose sur une image du migrant réprimé et marginalisé. Au sein du système juridique international, les discours portant sur la définition de la migration forcée/volontaire ont aussi des implications identitaires et politiques. En effet, l’exclusion du migrant qui ne correspond pas aux critères étroits du droit international des migrations est possible précisément parce que le droit international ne peut maintenir une image idéale sans une caste mondiale de refusés. Au même titre que l’État nation, le droit international des migrations construit donc, du moins partiellement, sa propre identité à travers des mécanismes d’exclusion. Le droit international des migrations constitue aussi une échappatoire utile pour faire avancer les visés politiques de l’État. Ainsi, à tous les niveaux, national et international, le migrant est assujetti à une forme de violence qui nie son humanité. Puisque le migrant existe aux yeux de l’État uniquement pour renforcer l’identité de celui-ci et du droit international, la relation entre le droit et le migrant s’en trouve vidée de son contenu éthique, notamment en refusant d’accorder au migrant toute autonomie. Il s’avère alors nécessaire d’introduire l’éthique de l’altérité dans le droit et de ramener le migr
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Poggi, Cecilia. "Internal migration and labour markets in Thailand : insights from policy evaluations". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/75441/.
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Wakisaka, Daisuke. "Labyrinth of highly skilled migration in Japan : society, labour and policy". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/7d054025-d1f3-463d-aa15-dce9c1e8ab8a.
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Japan is enigmatic for migration scholars. The country will lose a quarter of its population in 40 years with the elderly ratio climbing to nearly 40%, remaining one of the most aging economies. Nevertheless, it still retains the lowest share of migrants in the labour market among OECD members. It seems no grand design for the future generation is shared by policymakers or citizens: how should the country open up a practical prospect under this hard reality? This research addresses the enigma through the optics of highly skilled migration which has been one of the pivotal agendas of the recent policy development in Japan. In attempting to fuel the economy, the Japanese government has lately devoted themselves to attracting highly skilled migrants (HSMs). One of the implemented policies is a points-based system; however, it has failed to deliver the expectation at the outset. With this policy failure in mind, this study aims to fill the important research gaps on HSMs in Japan: the mechanism of skilled migration and its interplay with policies. In other words, what makes HSMs decide to work in Japan and how the public policies influence their decisions. The study centres on these micro-macro interplays. The dissertation is structured to explore the labyrinth made up of three mazes—societal, labour and policy dimensions that HSMs in Japan face. Based on the qualitative inquiry, the study will unfold the dynamism of the mazes through the perception of HSMs and migration experts. In so doing, the research offers new insights to academic arguments by producing concepts such as ‘coerced harmonisation’ and ‘no choice democracy’, whose implications are not limited to skilled migration but cover the overall migration agendas. Throughout, the discussion will present how the lessons drawn from Japan can contribute to addressing the pressing migration issues in other countries.
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Susai, Ayumi. "Health Care Migration in Japan: Immigration Policy in Terms of Language". PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/190.
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This thesis argues the necessity of new standards for Japanese language teaching in Japan, responding to diversifying social needs. The current situation for foreign workers in Japan is a pressing issue in the light of declining fertility rates and a rapidly aging population. The focus of chapter 1 is this paper particularly focuses on issues regarding acceptance of nurses and certified care workers under the scheme of Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) between Japan and Indonesia in 2008, as a new policy to import more foreign skilled workers into Japan. This chapter demonstrates the nation's passive attitude toward accepting foreign workers as well as the growing demand for more consistent immigration policy in terms of language. Chapter 2 discusses the validity and accountability of the current major influential assessment tool in Japan, Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT). It includes a discussion of how linguistic `proficiency' is understood in the JLPT and reveals its problems, comparing JLPT with other influential measurement tools in the world such as the American Council on the Teaching Foreign Language-Oral Proficiency Interview (ACTFL-OPI) and the Common European Framework of Reference for languages (CEFR).
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Siciliano, Andre Luiz. "A política migratória brasileira: limites e desafios". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/101/101131/tde-03022014-173058/.
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O Brasil possui uma Política Migratória? Caso possua uma política, ou mesmo que a resposta estatal ao fenômeno migratório seja fragmentada, quais são os parâmetros que a orientam? As respostas a essas perguntas constituem o objeto final deste estudo. Respondê-las satisfatoriamente pressupõe a compreensão do que é uma política migratória e quais são as suas finalidades. Assim, o primeiro capítulo deste trabalho destina-se a investigar o que é uma Política Migratória e, para tanto, encontra-se divido em duas seções. Na primeira, é realizada uma abordagem teórica sobre o conceito de Política Migratória, em que diversas perspectivas sobre o tema serão analisadas. Na segunda seção, são compilados alguns estudos de casos em que autores trataram de analisar a Política Migratória de determinados países. O objetivo dessa investigação é identificar o que foi considerado \"Política Migratória\" para cada um desses autores ao realizarem seus estudos. Dessa forma, ao final do primeiro capítulo, e a partir da confrontação das teorias propostas com as análises empíricas observadas, será apresentada uma crítica sobre o que se considera uma \"Política Migratória\" e serão definidos os parâmetros para a análise da Política Migratória brasileira. O segundo capítulo deste trabalho consiste precisamente na análise da Política Migratória brasileira, norteada e delimitada pelos critérios discutidos no capítulo anterior. Sua primeira seção é dedicada à análise dos estudos produzidos sobre a Política Migratória brasileira. Em seguida, serão identificados os textos normativos que a definem. Assim, pretende-se responder ao final deste trabalho qual é a Política Migratória brasileira, como se manifesta e quais são os seus objetivos, a fim de discernir quais são os seus limites e desafios.Brazil has a migration policy? If it has a policy, or even if the state\'s response to the migration phenomenon is fragmented, what are the parameters that it follows? To answer these questions are the final object of this study and do it satisfactorily presupposes an understanding of what a migration policy is and what are their purposes. Thus, the first chapter of this work is intended to investigate what a migration policy is and, therefore, it is divided into two sections. In the first, a theoretical approach is performed on the concept of migration policy, in which diverse perspectives on the topic will be analyzed. The second section is compiled case studies in which the authors tried to analyze the migration policy of certain countries. The goal of this research is to identify what was considered \"Migration Policy\" for each of these authors on conducting their studies. Thus, at the end of the first chapter, and from the confrontation of the proposed theories with empirical analyzes observed, will be presented a critique of what is considered a \"Migration Policy\" and will be defined the parameters for the analysis of Brazilian migration policy. The second chapter of this work consists precisely in the analysis of Brazilian migration policy, guided and defined by the criteria discussed in the previous chapter. Its first section is devoted to the analysis of academic studies on the Brazilian migration policy. Then will be identified the normative texts that defines it. Thus, at the end of this work will be answered what is the Brazilian migration policy and what are your goals in order to discern what are its limitations and its challenges.
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Theberge, Valerie Bennett. "Government policy and rural-urban migration : a comparative study of India and China /". Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21240735.
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Lopes, Carlos J. "THE PUBLIC SECTOR, MIGRATION, AND HETEROGENEITY". UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/38.
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Questions on the optimal size of government always provoke intense political debate. At the center of this is the public goods problem, where certain goods and services are “under-provided” by the market due to problems with rivalry and excludability. These goods are usually provided by the public sector and financed through taxes. Questions emerge over the optimal level of provision, as different individuals value these goods differently. This dissertation consists of two studies which address preferences for the size of government from different perspectives.
The first study provides a method that can be used to estimate demand for changes in levels of public provision. Using individual level Census data on migration from 1990 and 2000, I demonstrate how preferences are revealed through migration responses. Though policy convergence precludes the estimation of optimal levels for different demographic groups, I find that balanced-budget increases in education expenditures tend to attract most demographic groups while other expenditures tend to repel most individuals. Young, college educated, relatively high-income individuals tend to be more responsive to, and therefore appear to have higher preference intensity for, fiscal changes. This is true even when controlling for their increased propensity to migrate. Evidence inconsistent with welfare migration is found, suggesting that policies intended to address the race-to-the-bottom in welfare benefits may be counterproductive. In addition, the ability of the Tiebout migration process to homogenize a jurisdiction is limited by relatively small fiscal changes among jurisdictions and similar migration responses among demographic groups.
The second study empirically explores the effect of ethnic heterogeneity on government size for countries throughout the world. In the developed world, heterogeneity is found to reduce the size of budgetary government, consistent with previous studies and predictions in the literature. In the undeveloped world, however, heterogeneity is found to increase the size of non-budgetary government and may increase the overall size of government.
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BROBERG, Nikolaj. "Essays in political economy, migration, and public economics". Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/74543.
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Defence date: 19 May 2022Examining Board: Prof. Andrea Ichino, (EUI, Supervisor); Prof. Andrea Mattozzi, (University of Bologna and EUI, Co-Supervisor); Prof. Frederico Finan, (University of California, Berkeley); Prof. Ekaterina Zhuravskaya, (Paris School of Economics and EHESS)
This thesis in four chapters focuses on political economy, migration, and public economics. The first chapter, joint with Vincent Pons and Clémence Tricaud, investigates the effects of campaign finance rules on electoral outcomes. In French departmental and municipal elections, candidates competing in districts above 9,000 inhabitants face spending limits and are eligible for public reimbursement. Using an RDD around the population threshold, we find that these rules increase competitiveness and benefit the runner-up of the previous race as well as new candidates, in departmental elections, while leaving the polarization and representativeness of the results unaffected. These results appear to be driven by the reimbursement of campaign expenditures, not spending limits. We do not find such effects in municipal elections, which we attribute to the use of a proportional list system instead of plurality voting. The second chapter, joint with Lars Ludolph, analyzes the effects of the migration wave from Central and Eastern European countries (AC-12) following their EU accession in 2004 on local level redistribution in England. We apply a difference-in-differences estimation strategy and find that greater migration flows led to spending on means-tested social care services to decrease in relative terms, while spending on education services increased. Our mechanisms suggest that, because of AC-12 migrants’ young age at the time of arrival, the 2004 EU enlargement alleviated some of the pressure faced by social care spending in England. We find no evidence that spending shifts are driven by a change in the local willingness to redistribute income. The third chapter investigates the effect of ideological distance between EU Commissioners for Agriculture and Regional Policy and heads of governments on the allocation of agricultural and regional funds flowing to member states. Results show that ideological distance is a strong deterrent of funds being channeled. The effects are strongest in pre-election years, for countries providing the Commissioners in charge of the given portfolios, and for countries that are single-party-ruled as opposed to coalition-ruled. These results provide first hand evidence that the behavior of European Commissioners follows similar principles to national level elected politicians and can help the debate surrounding EU reforms and the political independence of its executive body. The fourth chapter, joint with Pietro Panizza, exploits a reform in Italy that granted mayors the right to run for a third consecutive term in towns below 3,000 inhabitants. We employ a difference-indiscontinuity design and find evidence of pandering effects by mayors in both their first and second term at the time of the reform. Results differ depending on the term of the mayor reflecting the importance of the horizon of when mayors’ spending decisions pay off. We also find suggestive evidence of potential capture of first term mayors in the south of Italy.
1 The Impact of Campaign Finance Rules on Candidate Selection and Electoral Outcomes: Evidence from France 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Research setting 1.3 Empirical strategy 1.4 Effects in departmental elections 1.5 Effects in municipal elections 1.6 Mechanisms 1.7 Conclusion 2 Migration and Redistributive Spending: Evidence from Local Authorities in England 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Institutional setting 2.3 Sampling frame and data sources 2.4 Empirical strategy 2.5 Results 2.6 Robustness tests 2.7 Mechanisms 2.8 Conclusion 3 A Politically Independent Executive Arm? EU Commissioners’ Ideological Alignment and Budget Allocation in the European Union 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Institutional Setting 3.3 Data and Empirical strategy 3.5 Mechanisms 3.6 Conclusion 4 Term Limits and Accountability: Evidence from Italy 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Research setting 4.3 Research design 4.4 Main results 4.5 Mechanisms 4.6 Conclusion -- References -- A Appendix to Chapter 1 -- B Appendix to Chapter 2 -- B.1 Main results with controls - full table -- B.2 Local authority spending and funding -- B.3 Spatial distribution of other migrant groups -- B.4 2001 Census variables for matching -- B.5 UKIP results -- C Appendix to Chapter 3 -- D Appendix to Chapter 4 -- D.1 Figures -- D.2 Tables
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Гога, М. П. "Щодо проблеми подолання незаконної міграції на сучасному етапі". Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/60081.
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Проблеми міграції завжди привертала увагу громадськ
ості та науковців.
Для вивчення цієї проблематики велике значення мают
ь фундаментальні
наукові праці Л. Рибаковського, О. Хомри, А. Топілі
на. Ю. Колосова, В.
Іноземцева, В. Тішкова. Правові аспекти нелегальної
міграції висвітлені у
працях вітчизняних вчених С. Бритченко, Ю. Кравченк
а, О. Кузьменко, А.
Мацка, Т. Назарова, В. Олефіра, П. Чалого, С. Чехов
ича, В. Шаповала.
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Abdelkhaliq, Nur. "European Commission, migration and the external dimension : a study of organisation". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7768.
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The thesis examines how the European Commission incorporated and implemented migration policy as part of the European Union’s external relations, also known as the external dimension of migration. The focus of the thesis is on the period between the coming into force of the Amsterdam Treaty in 1999, when migration largely came to fall under the Commission’s remit, and the ratification of the Lisbon Treaty in 2009. The study compares how the Commission’s Directorates-General (DGs) involved in the external dimension of migration during this period—Justice, Liberty and Security, External Relations and Development—made sense of the changes introduced to their responsibilities. The thesis proposes that the concept of organisational culture, drawn from organisational sociology, can explain how actors interact with and collectively make sense of their organisational environment. The main argument of the thesis is that each of the DGs possesses an organisational culture based on its members’ shared readings of priorities and the function of their unit. The thesis examines these divergent organisational cultures to gauge how policies are internalised and translated into output. The analysis contributes to the external governance literature, which has theorised the external dimension of migration as a continuation of European integration processes without accounting for internal organisational dynamics. It also leads to reflections on organisational sociology theorising, and the implications of the findings on studies of organisational change and implementation. This thesis is divided into five chapters. The first provides a background for how the Commission came to be involved in migration policy. The second provides a theoretical framework for the study, building on organisational sociology. The remaining chapters empirically analyse the three elements of organisational culture: DG members’ sources of organisational identity, their perceptions and prioritisations of the external dimension of migration, and their reading of the Commission’s implementation practices, focusing on relations with Morocco as a tool for illustrating the latter.
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Gehart, Sebastian. "Contemporary International Labour Migration Conflicts of interests as challenges for public policy /". St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/06608251001/$FILE/06608251001.pdf.
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Ewart, Henrietta. "Caring for migrants : policy responses to Irish migration to England, 1940-1972". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/56276/.
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Large-scale interstate migration raises questions about where the responsibility for migrant welfare lies, whether with the sending state and its institutions, the receiving state or both. Across the middle decades of the twentieth century, around half a million people left Ireland, the majority for England. This study analyses the policy responses of governmental, Catholic church and voluntary organisations in both countries to Irish migrant welfare. Using records from Irish and English diocesan archives and the National Archives of Ireland and England the study identifies the policy claims that were made to church and state in the two countries and the responses that resulted. The majority of migrants were young, single and migrating alone. A distinctive feature was that, for much of the period covered, female migrants outnumbered males. The young age and gender of these migrants made moral welfare a major concern. The Irish Catholic hierarchy, led by the Archbishop of Dublin, Dr John Charles McQuaid, accepted responsibility for Irish migrant welfare and understood their needs through a discourse of ‘faith and morals’. This interpretation led to solutions designed to support religious faith and practice delivered by Catholic priests and lay volunteers. Both the Irish government and British institutions (state and voluntary) accepted the centrality of Catholicism to Irish identity and the right of the Catholic church to lead welfare policy and provision for Irish migrants. No alternative understanding of Irish migrant needs within a secular framework emerged during this period. This meant that whilst the Irish hierarchy developed policy responses based on their assessment of need, other agencies, notably the British and Irish governments, did not consider any specific policy response for Irish migrants to be required.
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Asabir, Kwesi. "International Migration of skilled health professionals from Ghana : Impact and policy responses". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508815.
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Jarreau, Joachim. "Economic policy in globalization : four essays in economics of trade and migration". Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010002/document.
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Cette thèse comporte quatre chapitres qui examinent plusieurs aspects de la politique économique- dans son rapport à la mondialisation et à l'intégration économique. Le premier chapitre considère la question du lien entre spécialisation commerciale et croissance. Les résultats identifient un lien empirique robuste entre niveau initial de sophistication et croissance du PIB réel par tête dans le cas de la Chine. Le second chapitre étudie le lien entre la structure du système bancaire chinois et la structure des exportations L'étude empirique révèle la présence de contraintes de crédit pesant sur les firmes privées domestiques) qui exportent relativement moins dans les secteurs les plus dépendants de financements extérieurs. Le troisième chapitre étudie l'impact de l'immigration sur les marchés du travail dans un cadre de marchés régionaux fragmentés. Il montre que dans ce cadre, la mobilité spatiale des travailleurs immigrés contribue à augmenter l'efficacité des marchés du travail, mais que la politique d'immigration devient plus restrictive, sous certaines conditions. Le quatrième chapitre étudie les déterminants des accords préférentiels de libre-échange entre pays. Il montre que les gains en termes d'accès au marché sont un déterminant plus fort de la probabilité de signer un accord que ceux des consommateursThis thesis consists of four chapters that examine various aspects of economic policy in its relation to globalization and economic integration. The first chapter considers the question of the link between trade specialization and growth. The results identify a robust empirical ink between initial level of sophistication at province level and real GOP per capita growth in the case of China. The second chapter examines the relationship between the structure of the Chinese banking system and the structure of exports. The empirical study reveals the presence of credit constraints weighing on domestic private firms, which export relatively less in sectors more dependent on external financing. The third chapter examines the impact of immigration on labor markets in a setting with fragmented regional markets. It shows that in this framework, the spatial mobility of migrant workers contributes to increase the efficiency of labor markets, but immigration policy becomes more restrictive under certain conditions. The fourth chapter examines the determinants of preferential free trade agreements. It shows that the gains in market access are a stronger determinant of a country's probability of signing an agreement than the gains accruing to consumers in the form of lower prices
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Kremer, Joanna. "Experiencing migration, language policy and citizenship 'from below' : the case of Luxembourg". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16669/.
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Since the turn of the 21st century, many EU countries have introduced language and/or civics tests in the context of citizenship and migration policy. Recent studies have critically analysed the discursive justifications of these language requirements and/or testing procedures in various EU member-states (Extra et al., 2009, Hogan-Brun et al., 2009). It has also been argued that the scope of language policy should be widened to include research on the experiences of people who are directly affected by formal ‘language policy mechanisms’ (Shohamy, 2009). Moreover, there have been calls for the discursive study of citizenship to broaden its range beyond the aspect of language testing in order to investigate how citizenship is enacted by individuals (Milani, 2015). This thesis responds to these recent trends by focusing on the case study of Luxembourg. In Luxembourg, a new law on ‘la nationalité luxembourgeoise’ (Luxembourgish ‘nationalité’) came into effect in 2009 which stipulates that applicants need to pass a Luxembourgish language test and attend ‘civics’ instruction lessons in order to become citizens. Drawing upon 27 semi-structured interviews conducted with recent applicants for citizenship, this thesis considers three aspects: it first asks how the participants construct their experiences of moving to Luxembourg. Secondly, it investigates how they discuss the language testing procedure and thirdly, it queries how the concept of citizenship is understood. Through thematic analysis and discourse analysis, this thesis shows that the participants discuss their experiences of moving to the country in a variety of different ways. Some participants for example talk about experiences of discrimination, others mention the attractiveness of Luxembourg. It also illustrates that there is a broad range of perceptions on the Luxembourgish language testing procedure. In addition to this, the analysis shows that the participants attach a wide range of meanings to citizenship and ‘Luxembourgishness.’ This thesis offers important insights into the complexities of how policy affects people’s lives and demonstrates the importance of combining the areas of migration studies, citizenship studies and language policy.
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Formosa, Paul J. "Modernised policy making? : investigating the development of the 2009 Migration Impact Fund". Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2016. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/1155/.
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This thesis investigates the nature and effectiveness of the New Labour government’s attempt to modernise policy making in Britain. This government had developed and sought to implement a new concept of modernised policymaking, claiming that it represented a significant advance on previous efforts to transform policymaking. The principles, logic and ambition of this new form of modernised policymaking were set out clearly in a number of government publications (Cabinet Office, 1999a; Cabinet Office, 1999b). The objectives of this study are, firstly, to explore and assess the nature of this new concept of policy making, contextualising its claims by reference to the long history of debates about policy-making and modernisation in Britain. Secondly, it will investigate the use of this new form of policy making through a case study. The data collected will be subjected to a detailed analysis to assess the extent to which the development of the 2009 Migration Impact Fund constituted an example of modernised policy making, as conceived by the New Labour government. The ideas contained in the Asymmetrical Power model advanced by Marsh (2003) are used to inform the understanding of the policy setting in which the case occurred. To construct the case study, multiple methods of data collection are used to form a thick narrative that covers a five-year period. This narrative begins with the policy making that took place in anticipation of new migration in the lead up to the enactment of the 2003 Treaty of Accession and culminates in an explanation of how the 2009 Migration Impact Fund was designed and implemented. The case study is then subjected to a detailed analysis designed to generate precise data about the extent to which the nine features of modernised policy making are present; how modernised policy making presents at different points in the case; the extent to which the features of modernised policy making operated synergistically; and the different explanations for the policy making that was observed in the case study. These are used to then come to a statement as to whether policy making in this case was completely modernised; significantly modernised; not particularly modernised; or not modernised. The investigation found that policy making in this case was not particularly modernised. This was so because although all elements of modernised policy making was observed to be consistently present throughout the case, directive and bargaining based policy making were predominant at all crucial points rather than modernised policy making. The investigation showed that policy making operated, for better or worse, in a traditional way with core government’s commitment to increased labour mobility around Europe shaping the response of policy makers. As well, the investigation raised questions about how we may research and come to understand the impact of modernisation reforms when looking at policy making with a high level of detail. This is because the modernised policy making observed was not identified to be a direct result of the Modernising Government reforms, something that calls for further research to better ascertain the basis of choices made by policy makers. Overall, the case study findings confirm the predominant conclusions about New Labour’s efforts to modernise policy making (see for example Massey & Pyper, 2005; Newman, 2005). This is that there was a distinct gap between the rhetoric and practice of policymaking in this period which fundamentally served to continue the advance of business orientated approaches to public administration within the traditional political context of British policy making.
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Schneebaum, Alyssa, Bernhard Rumplmaier y Wilfried Altzinger. "Gender and Migration Background in Intergenerational Educational Mobility. Policy Paper no 11". European Commission, bmwfw, 2014. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4735/1/WWWforEurope_Policy_Paper_011.pdf.
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We employ 2011 European Union Survey on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) data for Austria to perform Markovian mobility matrix analysis and uni- and multivariate econometric analysis to study intergenerational educational mobility by gender and migration background. We find that
the educational attainment of girls and migrants relative to their parents is less mobile than for boys and natives. Further, the immobility of educational attainment is enhanced by the intersection of these identities: migrant girls are the least educationally mobile group and are especially likely to follow their mothers 19 educational footsteps, while native boys are the most mobile, especially compared to their mothers.Series: WWWforEurope
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Shi, Weiwei. "Relocation under the three gorges project : explaining policy implementation in rural China /". View abstract or full-text, 2008. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?SOSC%202008%20SHI.
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Han, Janice E. "Targeting Illegal Immigration through Development: Case Study of Morocco’s Two-Track Migration". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1145.
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Illegal immigration incurs tremendous economic, social, and humanitarian costs for Europe and the Maghreb countries. Previous literature on illegal immigration focuses on “coping” (border security, repatriation, and rescue) and “resolving” (social integration of immigrants). This thesis attempts to direct the European policymakers’ attention to “preventing” policy model. In essence, the prevention model seeks to reduce the incentives of the Maghreb people to migrate.
The thesis focuses on analyzing the migration pattern in Morocco, and its implications for Spain and Italy. Based on Morocco’s two-track migration pattern, the thesis argues that rural development could reduce the incentives of internal migration, and urban development could reduce the incentives of migration abroad. Finally, the thesis analyzes official development assistance (ODA) to Morocco from Spain, Italy, and the European Commission. The analysis shows that their development efforts do little to discourage Moroccans’ incentives to migrate. The thesis recommends that the Spanish and Italian governments adjust their development assistance in a way that targets either one of the two migration tracks.
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Coskun, Emel. "Policy and practice against sex traffic : a case study : Turkey". Thesis, University of Kent, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.651278.
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In this qualitative research, Turkey's nationaJ policy and practice against sex trafficking is explored by looking at the interactions between sex trafficking, prostitution and migration regimes. Turkey has adopted definitions and legislation from the UN Protocol and this research focuses upon how international discourses have been understood and practised in a local context. I refer to feminist critiques of the UN Protocol, and show how Turkey'S national counter-trafficking rhetoric is heavily influenced by prostitution regime based on 'public health' and moral concerns as well as 'irregular' migration on the basis of national security and 'illegal' working. Findings indicate that the framing of sex trafficking as a problem of organised crime rather than as a type of migration obscures the strong connection between sex trafficking and migration. Furthermore, the definition of the phenomenon apart from prostitution obscures the connection between the prostitution regime in Turkey and its effects on sex trafficking. This tendency is especially visible in national legislation and law enforcement, where attempts to distinguish between forced and voluntary prostitution can 're-victimise' trafficked women in different stages of identification and protection mechanisms. Therefore, this study focuses on sex trafficking by showing how prostitution and migration regimes inform and affect the policies and practices against sex trafficking within local settings. It argues that those regimes play an important role in policy and practice against sex trafficking; they weaken the protection system which may cause 're-victimisation' of 'victims' of sex trafficking. This research challenges institutional responses to sex trafficking and makes policy recommendations founded on empirical research. It adds to our understanding of the prostitution regime in Turkey, its effect on trafficking and the needs of trafficked women. It has wider policy implications for other migrant groups, such as migrant domestic workers, who suffer from the same policies and practices in Turkey and the findings are transferable to other countries.
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James, Pamela. "Differing patterns of international migration in Southern Africa: A regional analysis". University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8116.
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Magister Philosophiae - MPhilThe study analyses the changing patterns of international migration within the Southern African region. Topics surrounding migration are rapidly gaining importance, especially in the context of regional integration. Past research has focused primarily on South African migration, neglecting or, rather, paying less attention to the migration within other countries in the Southern African region. This study includes all the migration trends across the countries in Southern Africa while discussing contemporary migration trends within Southern Africa.
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Колодка, Р. І. "Щодо питання міграції в Україні". Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/61033.
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Сучасний етап розвитку України відбувається в умовах потужних
процесів інтернаціоналізації. Останнє десятиріччя внесло істотні корективи
до міжнародних відносин, зокрема до темпів зростання обсягів міжнародного
руху капіталів. Актуальність розгляду міграційних процесів для нашої країни
є однією з нагальних. Одночасно ми втрачаємо робочу силу і отримуємо
капітальні надходження. Визначення позитивних і негативних сторін цього
процесу повинне поставати завданням номер один у країні.
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Štefančík, Radoslav. "Politické aspekty migrácie v Českej republike a na Slovensku". Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2004. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-77112.
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The central hypothesis of this dissertation is based on the finding that, like in the countries of Western Europe under the influence of various circumstances, in the Czech Republic, too, there is a shift from the originally proclaimed multicultural concept of integration towards individual civic integration. The objective of the treatise is not only to verify the anticipated trend in the development of the migration policy, but also to seek causes of its modification. The formulation of a hypothesis that would apply equally to the Czech Republic and Slovakia was more complicated. While the formation of migration policies in the area of integration of immigrants into an autochthonous society enjoys a longer tradition in the Czech Republic -- also due to the higher number of immigrants -- in Slovakia it is in its beginnings so far. Even some of the recently adopted outcomes of public policy proclaimed the objective to implement the multicultural dimension vis-a-vis foreigners. The actual policies, however, bore witness to a completely different approach. The core hypothesis of this treatise has thus been complemented by a subhypothesis relating to the conditions of Slovakia: the multicultural dimension of the approach to immigrants in the past only existed at a theoretical level, and only partially. Given the recent adoption of the concept of integration policy, which is not based on the principles of multiculturalism, references to it represent a residual manifestation of the preceding non-systematic treatment of migration and integration in the outcomes of public policy. In real life, several steps hindering the application of this model's principles have been undertaken. Content analysis and diachronic comparative method applied on the documents under review show that there is a change occurring in the Czech Republic in the area of immigration policies. Whereas prior to the financial crisis the government would willingly employ foreigners, the impact of the crisis has led it to a restrictive immigration policy. Demonstrated was also a content shift in the approach to the integration of foreigners. As regards the formation of Slovak migration policies, the process of policy development proved to be more complicated to follow. Public policies in the area of migration and integration of foreigners since 2009 and the stance of the governmental bodies towards them have been largely indifferent. The Czech Republic clearly displays, over the course of the past several years, a shift from the communitarian/multicultural model toward the individual civic integration. The command of the language is considered to be the main vehicle of integration. The Slovak Republic declared multiculturalism only as a remnant of the non-systematic treatment of integration policies, with virtually nothing changing in the real life of immigrants. There had been practically no integration policy in Slovakia up to 2009. Similarly to the outcomes of public policies, the shift in the perspectives on migration away from multiculturalism has occurred in the political programs of Czech political parties as well. The issue of migration in Slovakia has so far not affected election campaigning. Slovak political parties do not have a clear idea of the possibilities of related to the integration of immigrants.
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Castaneda, Heide. "Paradoxes of Providing Aid: NGOs, Medicine, and Undocumented Migration in Berlin, Germany". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195410.
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This dissertation examines the paradoxes involved in offering medical aid to undocumented migrants in Berlin, Germany. Coinciding with the end of guestworker programs in the 1970s, undocumented migrants have increasingly filled gaps in the German labor market. Political pressures following reunification, along with border militarization in the wake of European Union expansion, have resulted in restrictions on legal entry. However, neoliberal reforms in the labor market and a rapidly aging population have resulted in high demand for undocumented workers in particular sectors of the economy. At the same time, soaring unemployment and nationalist sentiments have made immigration unpopular, with political parties negatively predisposed to assuring the rights of migrant workers. One such right is access to health care services in a nation with a traditionally universal system of coverage. Undocumented migrants are officially denied "medical citizenship" and must rely upon humanitarian aid provided by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs).This study examines the experiences of multiple stakeholders, particularly physicians and NGOs that provide medical aid. It draws upon the anthropology of health policy, a critical approach within medical anthropology. Fieldwork in Berlin during 2004-2006 included participant observation at an outpatient clinic, which yielded case studies of 204 undocumented patients, along with sixty-one interviews. Results indicate that in Germany, certain minimal rights are technically available to migrants; however, they are not assured access to these rights. This underscores the importance of utilizing legal status as a unifying measure of analysis. I argue that the state absolves itself of responsibility by handing off the provision of services to the NGO sector. While laws criminalize the provision of medical aid, they are only selectively enforced, and organizations are recognized for their volunteer work through awards and commendations. These paradoxes allow the state to square the contradiction of condemning yet relying upon undocumented migration. This dissertation presents an ethnographic portrait of the single largest source of medical aid for undocumented migrants in Germany, providing an analysis of patient characteristics and illnesses. Prenatal care highlights the interplay between race, reproduction, and citizenship, and offers a particularly poignant window into the challenges of nation-building in contemporary Germany.
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Nalepa, Moa. "EU Migration Policy Changes in Times of Crisis: Discourses surrounding EU migration policies during the 'refugee crisis' - A discursive institutionalist analysis". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21869.
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This thesis examines the migration policy changes that were adopted by the European Union during the so called ‘refugee crisis’ 2014-2016 and problematises the discourses that were deployed by EU policy makers. It builds the method and theoretical framework around Vivien Schmidt’s discursive institutionalism, and complements it with constructivist conceptual theories around discourses that are identified through the researched empirical material. The primary material is to a large extent based upon official documents from the EU such as regulations and communications, but also includes speeches from officials such as Jean Claude Juncker (President of the Commission), Donald Tusk (President of the Council) and Martin Schulz (President of the European Parliament). The findings are comprised of discourses that can all be connected to the EU imaginary. The thesis also concludes that there has been a continuation of the securitisation of migration during the ‘refugee crisis’ as well as a normalisation of this discourse. In regards to the communicative and coordinative skills of the EU actors, it becomes clear that the former still is problematic, whilst the coordinative discourses have increased the cooperation within the EU institutions during the time period studied.