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Hržica, Gordana, Sara Košutar y Kristina Posavec. "Konektori i druge diskursne oznake u pisanome i spontanome govorenom jeziku". Fluminensia 33, n.º 1 (2021): 25–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31820/f.33.1.12.
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Govorenje i pisanje dva su modaliteta jezične proizvodnje različitih obilježja koji pružaju različite izražajne mogućnosti te se zasnivaju se na različitim jezičnim zakonitostima. Razlike između modaliteta očituju se u uporabi jezičnih sredstava kojima se uspostavljaju odnosi na nadrečeničnoj razini, to jest konektora i ostalih diskursnih oznaka. Dosadašnja su istraživanja pokazala da se uporaba konektora i ostalih diskursnih oznaka razlikuje s obzirom na jezični modalitet. Mnogi oblici upotrebljavaju se i u pisanome i govorenome modalitetu, ali s različitim funkcijama, dok su neki drugi ograničeni na jedan jezični modalitet. S obzirom na nedostatak sličnih istraživanja u hrvatskome, u ovome su se istraživanju željele ispitati razlike u uporabi konektora i ostalih diskursnih oznaka s obzirom na jezični modalitet. Sukladno prijašnjim istraživanjima, očekivale su se razlike u čestoti konektora i diskursnih oznaka s obzirom na jezični modalitet. Istraživanje je provedeno na Hrvatskome nacionalnom korpusu (pisani jezik) te na Hrvatskome korpusu govornog jezika (govoreni jezik). Dobiveni su rezultati većim dijelom sukladni dosadašnjim istraživanjima, to jest pronađena je veća čestota diskursnih oznaka koje nisu konektori u govorenome korpusu te su se pojedini konektori i diskursne oznake pojavili u samo jednome od korpusa. Utvrđeno je i da se konektori pojavljuju češće u govorenome korpusu, a taj je rezultat u suprotnosti s prvotnom pretpostavkom o većoj čestoti tih oblika u pisanome korpusu. Rezultate provedenoga istraživanja potrebno je tumačiti u svjetlu žanrovskih osobitosti, stupnja formalnosti i interakcije.
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Jensen, Eva Skafte. "Modalitet og dansk". NyS, Nydanske Sprogstudier 23, n.º 23 (2 de septiembre de 1997): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/nys.v23i23.13389.
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Prizl Jakovac, Tatjana y Sanja Habus. "Procjena i praćenje komunikacijskih sposobnosti osoba s traumatskim ozljedama mozga". Hrvatska revija za rehabilitacijska istraživanja 53, n.º 1 (6 de julio de 2017): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31299/hrri.53.1.2.
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Komunikacijske su teškoće kod osoba s traumatskom ozljedom mozga različite, uzimajući u obzir rasprostranjenost ozljede, vrstu udaraca i težinu traumatskog oštećenja mozga. Cilj ovoga rada, i u tu svrhu provedenog istraživanja, bila je procjena komunikacijskih sposobnosti osoba s traumatskim oštećenjem mozga na verbalnom, gestovnom i grafičkom modalitetu primjenom Porch indeksa komunikacijskih sposobnosti (Porch Index of Communicative Ability, PICA, B. E. Porch, 1981) prevedenog i prilagođenog hrvatskom jeziku. Ispitivanje je provedeno na 14 ispitanika obaju spolova, u dobi od 21 do 62 godine, kroz tri vremenska razdoblja u razmaku od tri mjeseca, kako bi se pratio napredak ispitanika kroz ponovljena ispitivanja. Svi su ispitanici bili na liječenju i rehabilitaciji u Specijalnoj bolnici za medicinsku rehabilitaciju u Krapinskim Toplicama. Prikupljeni su podatci obrađeni univarijantno i multivarijntno. Korišten je Friedmanov neparametrijski test za testiranje značajnosti razlika aritmetičkih sredina malih zavisnih uzoraka. Za analizu sustava varijabli kvalitativnih i kvantitativnih promjena jednog uzorka u dvije vremenske točke korišten je program PROM (Nikolić, 1997). Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju na najmanji stupanj oporavka u verbalnom modalitetu. Gestovni modalitet je značajno oštećen u početnim ispitivanjima, ali se pod utjecajem terapije brže oporavlja. Grafički modalitet opisuju najlošiji rezultati zbog pareza ili plegija ekstremiteta. Rezultati ukazuju i na važnost zastupljenosti određenog modaliteta u ranoj rehabilitaciji komunikacijskih poteškoća nakon ozljede mozga.
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Kubinjec, Janko. "Modality of judgments on justice". Glasnik Advokatske komore Vojvodine 79, n.º 9 (2007): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/gakv0709287k.
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Definition of the concept of justice comes from apodictic judgments, while definition of its individual validity comes from assertoric judgments. Argumentation as an element of justice in a logical sense is an assertoric judgment. Its definition brings light to the search for the logical nature of assertoric judgment - it is a contribution the philosophy of law may offer to the logic. In the argumentation assertoric judgment does not transform to problematic judgment and for this reason the justice can never be arbitrary.
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Pedersen, Hanne Sæderup. "Grammatisk talesprogsanalyse som tilgang til at studere forståelser af depression". NyS, Nydanske Sprogstudier, n.º 54 (28 de mayo de 2018): 156–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/nys.v1i54.101131.
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I såvel Danmark som i andre lande er der et ønske om øget samarbejde, ’sharedcare’, mellem almen praksis og psykiatrien i behandlingen af patientermed depression. Gennem interview med henholdsvis praktiserende lægerog psykiatere demonstreres, at de to faggrupper har divergerende tilgange tildepression: De praktiserende læger udviser en konstruktivistisk, bottom-upforståelseaf depression som en foranderlig størrelse, der kan forhandles ogmodificeres, mens psykiaterne udviser en essentialistisk, top-down-forståelseaf depression som en statisk størrelse. Denne forskel kommer til udtryk i faggruppernesgengivelser af deres habituelle sprogbrug om depression. Såledesbruger lægerne oftere kausative konstruktioner, modalitet samt pronominermed tydelige referenter, mens psykiaterne bruger kopulakonstruktioner, generiskereferenter og sjældnere modalitet. Disse forskellige forståelser kanhave konsekvenser for ønsket om sambehandling af patienter med depression.Mens hovedparten af sundhedskommunikationsstudier anskues fra etinteraktionelt perspektiv, er denne undersøgelse et bidrag til sundhedskommunikationi en repræsentationskontekst, dvs. hvordan læger taler om deresprofession og deres patienter frem for i deres profession med deres patienter.Inspirationen til denne analysemetode hentes fra en – i udgangspunktet litterær– teori om gengivelse af tale og tanke. For at gøre fænomenet anvendeligttil undersøgelse af forståelser af depression indplaceres det i en grammatisktalesprogsramme, og de metodiske implikationer heraf diskuteres.
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Gajić, Tijana y Neda Maenza. "The modality of tandem learning as an aspect of a contemporary trend in foreign language learning: The example of the HelloTalk mobile app". Nastava i vaspitanje 69, n.º 3 (2020): 361–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/nasvas2003361g.
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The paper highlights contemporary trends in foreign language acquisition which systematically enhance communicative abilities, contributing to the development of language skills in a creative and innovative manner. One of the leading trends is reflected in the modality of mutual learning, which is increasingly used and involves the interaction of two persons willing to teach each other their mother tongue. The paper looks at the possibilities of acquiring a foreign language using the HelloTalk mobile app, based on tandem learning and the communicative approach. The social interactions involved in problem solving through partnership enable each student to expand their zone of further development, making the topic of this paper significant in a pedagogical context. A study carried out with the aim of assessing students' attitudes to the use of this language acquisition tool is presented in the paper. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used. Data were collected using an online survey and also through focus group discussions. The findings suggest that one of the major advantages of learning a foreign language in this way is the partial or total reduction of language barriers, as well as the absence of anxiety and nervousness, which frequently accompany communication in a foreign language. The findings confirm that the HelloTalk mobile app, although appealing in language learning, is not widely used among the student population in Serbia due to students' lack of free time and their insufficient engagement, which is required in tandem learning.
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Zubović, Antonija. "Organizirano prikupljanje punomoći za glasovanje na glavnoj skupštini kao modalitet utjecanja na donošenje odluka u društvu". Zbornik Pravnog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Rijeci 38, n.º 1 (2017): 243–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30925/zpfsr.38.1.8.
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U radu se obrađuje organizirano prikupljanje punomoći za glasovanje na glavnoj skupštini, ukazujući na otvorena pitanja u njegovoj primjeni. Budući da Direktiva o pravima dioničara u uvrštenim društvima ne uređuje izričito ovaj institut, države članice EU-a zauzele su različita stajališta u pogledu njegova uređenja. S jedne strane su države članice koje nisu izričito uredile organizirano prikupljanje punomoći za glasovanje na glavnoj skupštini, dok su s druge strane države članice koje posebnim odredbama uređuju ovaj institut. Međutim, i unutar te skupine država članica uočavaju se različiti pristupi u uređenju pojedinih pitanja. Valja istaknuti da se u državama članicama EU-a u kojima nije izričito uređeno organizirano prikupljanje punomoći za glasovanje na glavnoj skupštini, sve više postavlja pitanje potrebe njegova regulatornog uređenja. Stoga se zaključno daju prijedlozi rješenja za hrvatsko pravo.
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Yumitro, Gonda, Dyah Estu Kurniawati, Saiman Saiman y Peggy Puspa Haffsari. "THE MODALITIES AND ROLES OF PESANTREN TO FACE THE ISSUES OF TERRORISM IN THE REGION OF MALANG". MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman 43, n.º 1 (30 de diciembre de 2019): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30821/miqot.v43i1.646.
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<p><strong>Abstract:</strong> This study analysed the modalities and roles of pesantren (Islamic Boarding Schools) to face the issues of terrorism in the region of Malang. Contrary to the notion which stated that pesantren are the headquarters of terrorist groups, this paper discusses the existence of pesantren in the region of Malang with a various ideological background as the strategic and prominent stakeholders to face the issues of terrorism. The methodology was descriptive, with the concept of modality for deradicalisation. The result found that pesantren have modalities in dealing with issues of terrorism, namely, the spiritual modalities, the curriculum modality, the kyai and santri relations modality, and the social modality. Moreover, it is indicated that the pesantren and issues of terrorism are not interrelated. Pesantren have created an education system as the internal and external roles that can overcome the spread of radical movement activities and the issues of terrorism.</p><p><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Modalitas dan Peran Pesantren dalam Mengahadapi Isu Terorisme di Wilayah Malang. Studi ini menganalisa modalitas dan peran pesantren dalam menghadapi isu terorisme di wilayah Malang. Berbeda dengan pemikiran yang menyatakan bahwa pesantren merupakan pusat pengembangan bagi kelompok teroris, paper ini mendiskusikan keberadaan pesantren di Malang dengan latar belakang ideologi yang berbeda sebagai stakeholder yang strategis dan penting untuk menangani isu terorisme. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah diskriptif dengan konsep modalitas deradikalisasi. Adapun hasil yang ditemukan mengindikasikan bahwa pesantren mempunyai beberapa modalitas dalam menangani isu terorisme seperti modalitas spiritual, kurikulum, relasi kiai dan santri, serta modalitas social. Lebih lanjut, terdapat indikasi bahwa pesantren dan isu terorisme tidak terkait satu dengan lainnya. Pesantren sudah membangun sistem pendidikan sebagai bentuk peran internal dan eksternalnya untuk menyelesaikan penyebaran aktivitas gerakan radikal dan isu terorisme.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> pesantren, terrorism, Malang, modality, deradicalisation</p>
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Markhamah, Markhamah, Abdul Ngalim, Dini Nur’aini Gita Saputri, Atiqa Sabardila y Muhammad Muninuddinilah Basri. "BENTUK ADVERBIA PENANDA MODALITAS DAN KATEGORI YANG DIMODIFIKATORINYA DALAM TEKS TERJEMAHAN ALQURAN". Widyaparwa 47, n.º 1 (26 de agosto de 2019): 44–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/wdprw.v47i1.311.
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This research aims to identify (1) the formd of adverbial modality markers in Quran translation texts,and (2) the categories modified by the modality markers. The data of this research is all lingual units containing adverbial modality markerd in Quran translation texts that has language ethics. Data collection utilized reading and documentation techniques, whereas data analysis utilized identity and constituent analysis methods. The results of this research identify the forms of adverbial modality markers in Quran translation texts to be in base and derivative forms. The base forms mark the modality of certainty, sincerity, determina-tion, causality, and obligation. (1) Modality of certainty is marked by pasti, (2) Modality of sincerity is mar-ked by sungguh,). (3) Modality of determination is marked by tetap, (4) Modality of causality is marked with saling. (5) Modality of obligation is marked by harus,). The derivative forms include repetition, afixation, combination, and particleization. Repetition form marks modalities of (a) expectation, with marker mudah-mudahan and sekali-kali, (b) metaphorization, with markers seakan-akan. (2) Affixation form marks modali-ties of (a) sincerity, with marker sesungguhnya (b) imagination, with marker sekiranya, berkehendak, and hendaknya which translate from (c) will, with marker berkehendak. (3) Word combination form marks modalities of (a) expectation, with marker insya Allah, insya Allah, hampir saja, and barangsiapa. (4) Particleization form is found on modalities janganlah, tentulah, tetaplah, hendaklah, and pastilah. Three cate-gories are found to be modified by the modality markers: (1) adjectives/ adjective phrase, (2) noun/noun phrase (frequencyand (3) verb/verb phrase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mendeskripsikan bentuk adverbia penanda modalitas (APM) pada teks terjemahan Alquran (TTA), dan (2) mendeskripsikan kategori yang dimodifikatori adverbia penanda modalitas pada (TTA). Data dalam penelitian ini adalah semua satuan lingual yang mengandung adverbia penada modalitas pada TTA yang mengandung etika berbahasa. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah teknik simak dan teknik catat. Analisis data menggunakan metode agih dan metode padan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bentuk adverbia penanda modalitas (APM) pada TTA terdiri atas bentuk dasar dan bentuk turunan. APM yang berupa bentuk dasar menandai modalitas kepastian, kesungguhan, ketetapan, keslingan, dan keharusan. (1) APM kepastian dengan penanda pasti sepadan dengan BA لَ (lam penguat), memang. (2) APM kesungguhan dengan penanda sungguh, BA نإ (inna), قَدْ (qad) ((3:118), dan (2) وَقَدْ خَلَتْ (waqad kholat) (46:17). (3) APM ketetapan penanda tetap, BA أَصَرَّ- يصرُّ, (asoru-yasoru), (4) APM kesalingan, penanda saling, BA تَفَاعَلَ (taqaala). (5) APM keharusan, penanda harus لىيجب (yajabaal). Bentuk turunan meliputi, bentuk ulang, berimbuhan, gabungan, serta berpartikel. (1) Bentuk ulang yang menandai modalitas (a) pengharapan dengan penanda mudah-mudahan dan sekali-kali, yakni لعل (laala)-عسى (asyaya), dan لَنْ (lan) (laala) dan عسى (asyaya), (b) peringatan (lan) لَنْ, dan (c) pengibaratan dengan penanda seakan-akan, adalah كَأَن (ka’ana). (2) Berimbuhan yang menandai modalitas (a) kesungguhan dengan penanda sesungguhnya (BA بَلْ (bal), (b) pengandaian penanda sekiranya لَو (lawa), APM berkehendak, dan hendaknya berpadanan dengan BA يُرِيدُونَ (yuriduuna) (c) keinginan berkehendak, عُونَ (una). (3) APM berbentuk gabungan kata yang menandai modalitas (a) pengharapan insya Allah, insya Allah, hampir saja, dan barangsiapa. (4) APM berpartikel yang menandai modalitas janganlah, tentulah, tetaplah, hendaklah, dan pastilah. (b) Kategori yang dimodifikatori adverbia penanda modalitas ada lima macam. (1) Adverbia penanda modalitas memodifikatori adjektiva/frasa adjektiva (2) Adverbia penanda modalitas memodifikatori nomina/frasa nomina (11 kali ). (3) Adverbia penanda modalitas memodifikatori verba/frasa verba (79 kata). (4) APM memodifikatori Frase Preposisi, dan (5) APM memodifikatori kata penunjuk
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Umiyati, Mirsa y Rika Purnama Sari. "THE USE OF MALAY MODALITIES IN ABSTRACTS OF PROCEDA SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES JOURNALS". LITERA 19, n.º 3 (26 de noviembre de 2020): 378–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/ltr.v19i3.30520.
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An abstract of research article should give information obviously. Modalities assist researcher to provide certain obvious information in an abstract. This study important to carry out to identify the types and functions of Malay modality used in abstracts of Proceda Social and Behavioral Sciences journal and examine the types of modality that are dominantly used in abstracts of Proceda Social and Behavioral Sciences journal. Qualitative and quantitative methods are the design of this study. Data of this study are abstracts from 18 articles of Proceda Social and Behavioral Sciences journal published by Elsevier. The data were analyzed using intralingual equivalent method by applying hubung banding menyamakan (HBS) technique. The results of the analysis are then presented using informal methods. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there are four types of Malay modalities used in the abstracts of the Proceda Social and Behavioral Sciences journal, namely intentional, epistemic, deontic, and dynamic modalities. In addition, phrasal modals or periphrastic modals are found in the abstract in question. The dominant type of modality used in the abstract is intentional modality of 31%. Furthermore, the Malay modality used in the abstract articles of the Proceda Social and Behavioral Sciences journal indicates the existence of this modal function in abstract construction. The functions of the modals are to inform the aims or objectives, focus, problem, background and gap, method, technique analysis, and suggestion of the research.Keywords: abstract, malay, types of modalities PENGGUNAAN MODALITAS BAHASA MELAYU PADA ABSTRAK JURNAL PROCEDA SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES AbstrakAbstrak dalam artikel penelitian harus memberikan infomasi yang jelas. Modalitas dapat membantu peneliti untuk memberikaninformasi tertentu secara jelas dalam absrtrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis dan fungsi modalitas bahasa Melayu yang digunakan pada abstrak jurnal proceda social and behavioral sciences dan mengkaji jenis modalitas yang dominan digunakan pada abstrak jurnal proceda social and behavioral sciences. Metode qualitative dan quantitative adalah desain dari penelitian ini. Data penelitian ini adalah abstrak dari 18 artikel pada jurnal Proceda Social and Behavioral Sciences yang berbahasa melayu yang dipublikasikan oleh Elsevier. Dalam menganalisis data, digunakan metode padan intralingual dengan menerapkan teknik hubung banding menyamakan (HBS). Hasil analisis kemudian disajikan dengan menggunakan metode informal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa terdapat empat jenis modalitas bahasa Melayu yang digunakan pada abstrak jurnal Proceda Social and Behavioral Sciences, yaitu modalitas intensional, epistemic, deontic, dan dinamik. Selain itu ditemukan phrasal modals or periphrastic modals pada abstrak yang dimaksud. Jenis modalitas yang dominan digunakan dalam abstrak tersebut ialah modalitas intensional sebesar 31%. Selanjutnya, modalitas bahasa Melayu yang digunakan pada abstrak artikel jurnal Proceda Social and Behavioral Sciences mengindikasikan adanya fungsi modal tersebut pada konstruksi abstrak. Kata kunci: abstrak, bahasa melayu, jenis modalitas
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Hansen, Thomas Illum. "Multimodalitet som didaktisk kategori". Learning Tech, n.º 5 (20 de diciembre de 2018): 60–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/lt.v4i5.111565.
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Udgangspunktet for denne artikel er en kritisk-konstruktiv analyse af en række kernebegreber inden for multimodalitetsteori. Hvordan skal et sammensat begreb som multimodalitet egentlig forstås? Og hvordan kan et sprog om multimodalitet udvikles og anvendes inden for en didaktisk teoridannelse? Det kritiske afsæt danner grundlag for en videreudvikling af den socialsemiotiske teori om multimodalitet i en fænomenologisk retning. Artiklen er derfor bygget op om et dobbelt perspektiv på multimodalitet. Hensigten er en gensidig befrugtning af to traditioner, den socialsemiotiske og den fænomenologiske, med henblik på at udvikle et mere konkret fagsprog om multimodalitet, der kan anvendes til didaktisk analyse. Den kritiske del sætter særligt fokus på modus, modalitet og multimodalitet som kernebegreber i en grundlagsdiskussion. Den konstruktive del giver i forlængelse heraf et bud på, hvordan multimodale tegn kan forstås og analyseres med basis i en fænomenologisk teori om krop, tegn og erkendelse. Det didaktiske perspektiv bliver demonstreret med en eksempelanalyse af en multimodal model i et digitalt læremiddel.
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Osno, Medri. "Kajian Modalitas dalam MoU Helsinki Nota Kesepahaman Damai antara NKRI dan GAM". Madah: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 10, n.º 2 (24 de octubre de 2019): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.31503/madah.v10i2.950.
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The purpose of this study is to find the modalities contained in the Helsinki MoU and the reasons for modalities with the most dominant percentage of emergence. The type of this research is qualitative with descriptive statistics. Data collection uses the method of listening with the note techniques. The data analysis method uses a combination of the method of aggregation and the equivalent method which refers to the Halliday LFS analysis model. The technique used is a technique of sorting direct elements or BUL techniques. The basic technique of the matching method used is the sorting determining element or PUP technique. The modalities that appear in the data are modalization and modulation. The coverage of modalities includes causality, appearance and range. Furthermore, the orientation of modalities is explicit and implicit. Modality is dominated by medium-level probability of 77.3%, high-level proposition of 11.8%, high-level trend of 4.5%, medium-level tendency of 2.7%, and necessity of high and middle level 1.8%. These percentages indicate that most of the action have not been carried out by the Indonesian government and GAM in resolving problems in Aceh. Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan modalitas yang terdapat dalam teks MoU Helsinki dan alasan modalitas yang persentase kemunculannya paling dominan. Model penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan statistik deskriptif. Metode simak dengan teknik catat dijadikan metode untuk pengumpulan data. Metode analisis data menggunakan kombinasi metode agih dan metode padan yang merujuk pada model analisis LFS Halliday. Teknik yang digunakan adalah teknik bagi unsur langsung atau teknik BUL. Teknik dasar dari metode padan yang digunakan adalah teknik pilah unsur penentu atau teknik PUP. Penyajian hasil analisis data menggunakan metode formal dan informal. Modalitas yang muncul dalam data adalah modalisasi dan modulasi. Cakupan modalitas meliputi kausalitas, pemunculan dan kisaran. Selanjutnya, orientasi modalitas bersifat eksplisit dan implisit. Modalitas didominasi oleh probabilitas tingkat menengah 77,3%, propabilitas tingkat tinggi 11,8%, kecenderungan tingkat tinggi 4,5%, kecenderungan tingkat menengah 2,7%, keharusan tingkat tinggi dan menengah 1,8%. Persentase tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa sebagian besar aksi belum dilakukan oleh pemerintah RI dan GAM dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan di Aceh.
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Fattorosi-Barnaba, Maurizio y Uliano Paolozzi Balestrini. "The Modality of Finite (Graded Modalities VII)". Mathematical Logic Quarterly 45, n.º 4 (1999): 471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/malq.19990450406.
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Pramesti, Yustia. "Pedation (Pedagogy of Earthquake Risk Reduction) sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kesiapsiagaan Gempa Bumi untuk Anak-anak di Bantul". Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat MIPA dan Pendidikan MIPA 3, n.º 2 (1 de octubre de 2019): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jpmmp.v3i2.25800.
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AbstrakPEDATION merupakan program kreativitas mahasiswa pengabdian masyarakat yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan terhadap bencana gempa bumi untuk anak-anak di SD Muhammadiyah Kalinampu II melalui 6 modalitas pembelajaran bencana. Modalitas pembelajaran ini terdiri atas interactive learning, affective learning, inquiry learning, action learning, surrogate experiential learning, dan field experiential learning. Langkah-langkah teknis meliputi persiapan umum, membuat matriks pelaksanaan, tahap pelaksanaan, evaluasi, dan tindak lanjut. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah : 1) meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan terhadap bencana gempa bumi di SD Muhammadiyah Kalinampu II dari 35% menjadi 73%, 2) terbentuknya media pembelajaran modul, buku saku, poster, dan artikel ilmiah.Kata kunci: gempa bumi, modalitas pembelajaran, kesiapsiagaan AbstractPEDATION is a society dedication student creativity program that aims to improve earthquake preparedness for children in SD Muhammadiyah Kalinampu II through 6 disaster learning modalities. This learning modality consists of interactive learning, affective learning, inquiry learning, action learning, surrogate experiential learning, and field experiential learning. Technical steps in this activity include general preparation, making the implementation matrix, implementation phase, evaluation, and follow-up. The results of this activity are: 1) increasing earthquake preparedness in SD Muhammadiyah Kalinampu II from 35% to 73%, 2) the formation of learning media: modules, pocket books, posters, and scientific articles.Key words: earthquake, learning modalities, preparedness
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Winingsih, Irma. "Modalitas Bahasa Jepang dalam Kalimat Berpola ~To Omou". Japanese Research on Linguistics, Literature, and Culture 2, n.º 1 (11 de febrero de 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33633/jr.v2i1.3131.
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This writing uses a syntactic study to analyze modality to analyze the sentence structure of verb phrases ~ to omou 'my taste/thought/intention'. From the data the author analyzes, the modality found is the modality of ganbou's' intention', the modality of gaigen 'possibility/uncertainty' and the modality of kakugen 'full of confidence statement’.  In a sentence it is possible to find two modalities, as in the data above which gives rise to two modalities, namely toui and gaigen modalities, while in other sentences it contains ganbou and gaigen modalities.
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Nugraha, Deden Novan Setiawan y Fitriani Reyta. "MODALITAS GANDA DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS DAN PADANANNYA DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA: KAJIAN SINTAKSIS DAN SEMANTIK". Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora, dan Seni 3, n.º 1 (7 de abril de 2019): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/jmishumsen.v3i1.3334.
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Bahasa memiliki fungsi utama sebagai alat komunikasi. Setiap bahasa memiliki keunikan tersendiri serta memiliki aturan agar pemakai bahasa dapat menggunakan bahasa secara baik dan benar dalam berkomunikasi. Bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia memiliki keunikan tersendiri salah satunya mengenai modalitas. Modalitas merupakan sikap pembicara atas keterlibatannya terhadap kebenaran proposisi tuturannya. Sikap ini bisa dimarkahi dengan pemarkah leksikal yang berbeda yaitu dalam bentuk kata, frasa, atau klausa. Modalitas ada dalam tataran semantik yang berarti dapat muncul dalam semua bahasa dengan bentuk pengungkapnya masing masing. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif, penelitian ini mendeskripsikan modalitas ganda dalam bahasa Inggris dan padanannya dalam bahasa Indonesia. Secara sintaksis, bentuk modalitas ganda yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu verba bantu modal have to dikombinasikan dengan adverb (kata keterangan). Data penelitian ini diambil dari korpus linguistik bernama COCA (Corpus of Contemporary American English). Secara semantik, hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat kombinasi antara verba bantu modal yaitu have to dan modal leksikal berupa kata keterangan yaitu surely, certainly yang merupakan pengungkap kesimpulan logis (logical necessity) dan termasuk ke dalam modalitas epistemik yang memiliki makna kepastian yang subjektif. Pengungkapan modalitas epistemik ditunjukkan oleh pemunculan kepastian penutur yang melibatkan pengetahuannya atau keyakinannnya. Dalam hal ini terlihat bahwa penutur telah menarik suatu kesimpulan dari hal-hal yang telah diketahui atau diamati sebelumnya. Padanan have to dalam bahasa Indonesia menjadi ‘seharusnya’ dan termasuk ke dalam pengungkap ekstraklausal, dimana terdapat kecenderungan penutur untuk menyatakan bahwa keharusan yang diungkapkan tersebut berasal dari dirinya sendiri, bukan dari orang lain. The main function of a language is as a communication tool. Each language is unique and governed by rules for language speakers to use the language properly and correctly in communicating. English and Indonesian are unique in the sense of modality. The modality is the speaker's attitude towards his/her involvement in the truth of his/her speech proposition. This attitude can be marked by different lexical markers in the form of words, phrases or clauses. Modality exists on semantic level which means that it can appear in all languages with their respective expressions. Using descriptive method, this study describes dual modalities in English and their equivalents in Indonesian. Syntactically, the form of double modality used in this study is the “have to” combined with adverbs. The research data was taken from a linguistic corpus called COCA (Corpus of Contemporary American English). Semantically, the result of the study shows a combination between modal auxiliary verb “have to” and lexical modal in the form of adverbs “surely”, “certainly” which are expressions of logical necessity belonging to epistemic modality with subjective meaning of certainty. Disclosure of epistemic modality is demonstrated by the appearance of the certainty of the speaker who involves his/her knowledge or beliefs. In this case it appears that the speaker has drawn a conclusion from the things previously known or observed. The equivalent to “have to” in Indonesian is “seharusnya” and is included in extraclausal disclosures, where there is a tendency for the speaker to state that the expressed obligation originates from him/herself and not from others.
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LeBlanc, Julie. "La linguistique de l'énonciation et le concept de déictique". Linguistica 31, n.º 1 (1 de diciembre de 1991): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.31.1.31-40.
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En linguistique de l'énonciation, le concept de déictique est souvent évoqué comme allant de pair avec celui de modalité. Tout en étant disposés à prendre en charge divers éléments du cadre énonciatif (le phénomène de la deixis s'occupe sur tout d'identifier les protagonistes et de préciser le cadre spatio-temporel de l'énon ciation tandis que celui de Ia modalité privilégie les données logiques, linguistiques et psychologiques des énoncés), ce que ces deux concepts ont également en commun, c'est leur "statut clairement énonciatif “. Les déictiques et les modalités sont non seulement disposés à tenir compte "du surgissement du sujet dans l'énoncé" (déictique), de Ia "relation que le locuteur entretient par le texte avec l'interlocuteur", mais ils peuvent également traduire "l'attitude du sujet parlant à l'égard de son enonce" (modalite), Ia "marque que le sujet ne cesse de donner à son énoncé". Compte tenu de ce que ces deux phénomènes sont susceptibles d'engendrer, ils doivent être perçus comme les lieux d'inscription "les plus manifestes, les plus voyants" de Ia subjectivité dans le langage.
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Abang Suhai, Dayang Sariah, Kesumawati A. Bakar y Norsimah Mat Awal. "Modaliti dalam Wacana Perbahasan Parlimen (Modality in Parliamentary Debates)". GEMA Online® Journal of Language Studies 20, n.º 4 (27 de noviembre de 2020): 186–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/gema-2020-2004-11.
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Friedel, Evelyn B. N., Michael Bach y Sven P. Heinrich. "Attentional Interactions Between Vision and Hearing in Event-Related Responses to Crossmodal and Conjunct Oddballs". Multisensory Research 33, n.º 3 (1 de julio de 2020): 251–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134808-20191329.
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Abstract Are alternation and co-occurrence of stimuli of different sensory modalities conspicuous? In a novel audio-visual oddball paradigm, the P300 was used as an index of the allocation of attention to investigate stimulus- and task-related interactions between modalities. Specifically, we assessed effects of modality alternation and the salience of conjunct oddball stimuli that were defined by the co-occurrence of both modalities. We presented (a) crossmodal audio-visual oddball sequences, where both oddballs and standards were unimodal, but of a different modality (i.e., visual oddball with auditory standard, or vice versa), and (b) oddball sequences where standards were randomly of either modality while the oddballs were a combination of both modalities (conjunct stimuli). Subjects were instructed to attend to one of the modalities (whether part of a conjunct stimulus or not). In addition, we also tested specific attention to the conjunct stimuli. P300-like responses occurred even when the oddball was of the unattended modality. The pattern of event-related potential (ERP) responses obtained with the two crossmodal oddball sequences switched symmetrically between stimulus modalities when the task modality was switched. Conjunct oddballs elicited no oddball response if only one modality was attended. However, when conjunctness was specifically attended, an oddball response was obtained. Crossmodal oddballs capture sufficient attention even when not attended. Conjunct oddballs, however, are not sufficiently salient to attract attention when the task is unimodal. Even when specifically attended, the processing of conjunctness appears to involve additional steps that delay the oddball response.
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Wahn, Basil y Scott Sinnett. "Shared or Distinct Attentional Resources? Confounds in Dual Task Designs, Countermeasures, and Guidelines". Multisensory Research 32, n.º 2 (2019): 145–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134808-20181328.
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Abstract Human information processing is limited by attentional resources. That is, via attentional mechanisms humans select information that is relevant for their goals, and discard other information. While limitations of attentional processing have been investigated extensively in each sensory modality, there is debate as to whether sensory modalities access shared resources, or if instead distinct resources are dedicated to individual sensory modalities. Research addressing this question has used dual task designs, with two tasks performed either in a single sensory modality or in two separate modalities. The rationale is that, if two tasks performed in separate sensory modalities interfere less or not at all compared to two tasks performed in the same sensory modality, then attentional resources are distinct across the sensory modalities. If task interference is equal regardless of whether tasks are performed in separate sensory modalities or the same sensory modality, then attentional resources are shared across the sensory modalities. Due to their complexity, dual task designs face many methodological difficulties. In the present review, we discuss potential confounds and countermeasures. In particular, we discuss 1) compound interference measures to circumvent problems with participants dividing attention unequally across tasks, 2) staircase procedures to match difficulty levels of tasks and counteracting problems with interpreting results, 3) choosing tasks that continuously engage participants to minimize issues arising from task switching, and 4) reducing motor demands to avoid sources of task interference, which are independent of the involved sensory modalities.
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Van Biesen, W., R. Vanholder y N. Lameire. "The Role of Peritoneal Dialysis as the First-Line Renal Replacement Modality". Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 20, n.º 4 (julio de 2000): 375–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686080002000401.
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Twenty years after its introduction, peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a well-established alternative to hemodialysis (HD) as a modality of renal replacement therapy. Much debate and research is apparent in the literature, comparing hemodialysis and PD as “opposite” modalities and trying to ascertain which modality should be more optimal. In our opinion, HD and PD are two distinct modalities, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. In addition, it is clear that for both HD and PD, rates of technique failure are high, causing patients to transfer between modalities. The question is thus not which modality is best, but rather, which flow-chart of modalities makes best use of the advantages of each modality, while avoiding its disadvantages. In this respect, HD and PD appear to be complementary modalities. The better preservation of residual renal function, lower risk of infection with hepatitis B and C, better outcome after transplantation, preservation of vascular access, and lower costs are arguments to promote PD as a good initial treatment. When PD-related problems arise (adequacy, ultrafiltration, peritonitis, patient burnout), a timely transfer to HD has to be planned. This editorial tries to review arguments supporting the complementary nature of both modalities, and especially the role of PD as the first-line renal replacement therapy.
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Pham, Hai, Paul Pu Liang, Thomas Manzini, Louis-Philippe Morency y Barnabás Póczos. "Found in Translation: Learning Robust Joint Representations by Cyclic Translations between Modalities". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (17 de julio de 2019): 6892–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33016892.
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Multimodal sentiment analysis is a core research area that studies speaker sentiment expressed from the language, visual, and acoustic modalities. The central challenge in multimodal learning involves inferring joint representations that can process and relate information from these modalities. However, existing work learns joint representations by requiring all modalities as input and as a result, the learned representations may be sensitive to noisy or missing modalities at test time. With the recent success of sequence to sequence (Seq2Seq) models in machine translation, there is an opportunity to explore new ways of learning joint representations that may not require all input modalities at test time. In this paper, we propose a method to learn robust joint representations by translating between modalities. Our method is based on the key insight that translation from a source to a target modality provides a method of learning joint representations using only the source modality as input. We augment modality translations with a cycle consistency loss to ensure that our joint representations retain maximal information from all modalities. Once our translation model is trained with paired multimodal data, we only need data from the source modality at test time for final sentiment prediction. This ensures that our model remains robust from perturbations or missing information in the other modalities. We train our model with a coupled translationprediction objective and it achieves new state-of-the-art results on multimodal sentiment analysis datasets: CMU-MOSI, ICTMMMO, and YouTube. Additional experiments show that our model learns increasingly discriminative joint representations with more input modalities while maintaining robustness to missing or perturbed modalities.
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Mai, Sijie, Haifeng Hu y Songlong Xing. "Modality to Modality Translation: An Adversarial Representation Learning and Graph Fusion Network for Multimodal Fusion". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, n.º 01 (3 de abril de 2020): 164–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i01.5347.
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Learning joint embedding space for various modalities is of vital importance for multimodal fusion. Mainstream modality fusion approaches fail to achieve this goal, leaving a modality gap which heavily affects cross-modal fusion. In this paper, we propose a novel adversarial encoder-decoder-classifier framework to learn a modality-invariant embedding space. Since the distributions of various modalities vary in nature, to reduce the modality gap, we translate the distributions of source modalities into that of target modality via their respective encoders using adversarial training. Furthermore, we exert additional constraints on embedding space by introducing reconstruction loss and classification loss. Then we fuse the encoded representations using hierarchical graph neural network which explicitly explores unimodal, bimodal and trimodal interactions in multi-stage. Our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on multiple datasets. Visualization of the learned embeddings suggests that the joint embedding space learned by our method is discriminative.
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Al-Mufti, Fawaz, Brendan Smith, Megan Lander, Nitesh Damodara, Rolla Nuoman, Mohammad El-Ghanem, Naveed Kamal et al. "Novel minimally invasive multi-modality monitoring modalities in neurocritical care". Journal of the Neurological Sciences 390 (julio de 2018): 184–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2018.03.032.
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Koshy, Mary, Natia Esiashvilli, Jerome C. Landry, Charles R. Thomas y Richard H. Matthews. "Multiple Management Modalities in Esophageal Cancer: Combined Modality Management Approaches". Oncologist 9, n.º 2 (abril de 2004): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1634/theoncologist.9-2-147.
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Chung, Jae Hoon, Minsu Park, Hyun Cho, Wan Song, Minyong Kang, Hyun Hwan Sung, Hwang Gyun Jeon et al. "Assessment of Agreement between Two Difference Prostate-Specific Antigen Assay Modalities". Biology 10, n.º 4 (5 de abril de 2021): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10040297.
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There is controversy over the usefulness of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as a prostate cancer (PCa) biomarker. This controversy arises when there are differences in the results of PSA assay modalities. In this study, which aimed to evaluate a proper validation between the two PSA assay modalities, the agreement between the results of the two modalities was analyzed. PSA examinations were conducted using two PSA assay modalities in 4810 patients. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and weighted kappa analysis were used to evaluate the agreement between the two assay modalities. A linear regression was performed to evaluate the association between the two assay modalities. According to ICC values (ICC: 0.999, p < 0.001) and weighted kappa analysis values (kappa: 0.951, alpha’s standard error (ASE): 0.001, p < 0.0001), the agreement between the assay modalities was rated as excellent. However, the strength of agreement was poor in the following PSA sub-groups: 0.05–0.1 ng/mL (ICC: 0.281, p = 0.0860); 0.15–0.2 ng/mL (ICC: 0.288, p = 0.0036); 1.5–2.0 ng/mL (ICC: 0.360, p = 0.0860); and 2.0–2.5 ng/mL (ICC: 0.303, p = 0.0868). In linear regression analysis, when modality B PSA yielded a value of 0.2 ng/mL, the expected value for modality A was 0.258 ng/mL (95% CI: 0.255–0.260), and when modality B PSA yielded a value of 4 ng/mL, the expected value for modality A was 3.192 ng/mL (95% CI: 3.150–3.235). The difference in the PSA values between the two PSA assay modalities is confirmed, and this difference may be clinically meaningful.
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Keitel, Christian, Erich Schröger y Matthias M. Müller. "Neural mechanisms of intermodal attention in human EEG/MEG". Seeing and Perceiving 25 (2012): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187847612x646299.
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Attention has been conceptualized as a filter mechanism that suffices the fundamental capacity limitation of sensory processing by selecting the input of most behavioral relevance. Recent research has demonstrated that information can be selected by attention based on the sensory modality it is presented in. However, it is not yet known whether this ‘intermodal’ selection relies on common attentional resources. Alternatively, each sensory modality might draw on an independent pool of resources. The present work investigates the neural mechanisms of sustained intermodal attention by pitting the notions of common vs. modality-specific attentional resources against each other. To this end, concurrently presented, frequency-tagged auditory and visual stimuli elicited continuous electrophysiological brain responses in respective early sensory cortices. Three experiments probed (1) whether attention to a particular sensory modality results in a modality-specific modulation of processing, (2) whether this modulation of processing is a facilitation of the attended, an inhibition of the unattended sensory modality or a combination of both factors, and (3) whether stimuli of different sensory modalities enter a competition for processing, thus necessitating intermodal attention to rely on common attentional resources. Attentional modulation of stimulus processing was found to be modality-specific. This modulation likely involved two separate mechanisms: a facilitation of stimuli presented to attended sensory modalities that led to an inhibition of stimuli presented to unattended modalities. As a complementary result, stimuli were found to enter a competition for processing within but not between modalities. In conclusion, the present findings provide evidence for early sensory processing to rely on modality-specific rather than common attentional resources.
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Nourollahi, Sevnaz, Archis Ghate y Minsun Kim. "Optimal modality selection in external beam radiotherapy". Mathematical Medicine and Biology: A Journal of the IMA 36, n.º 3 (6 de septiembre de 2018): 361–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imammb/dqy013.
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Abstract The goal in external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for cancer is to maximize damage to the tumour while limiting toxic effects on the organs-at-risk. EBRT can be delivered via different modalities such as photons, protons and neutrons. The choice of an optimal modality depends on the anatomy of the irradiated area and the relative physical and biological properties of the modalities under consideration. There is no single universally dominant modality. We present the first-ever mathematical formulation of the optimal modality selection problem. We show that this problem can be tackled by solving the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions of optimality, which reduce to an analytically tractable quartic equation. We perform numerical experiments to gain insights into the effect of biological and physical properties on the choice of an optimal modality or combination of modalities.
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Deng, Zhongying, Xiaojiang Peng y Yu Qiao. "Residual Compensation Networks for Heterogeneous Face Recognition". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (17 de julio de 2019): 8239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33018239.
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Heterogeneous Face Recognition (HFR) is a challenging task due to large modality discrepancy as well as insufficient training images in certain modalities. In this paper, we propose a new two-branch network architecture, termed as Residual Compensation Networks (RCN), to learn separated features for different modalities in HFR. The RCN incorporates a residual compensation (RC) module and a modality discrepancy loss (MD loss) into traditional convolutional neural networks. The RC module reduces modal discrepancy by adding compensation to one of the modalities so that its representation can be close to the other modality. The MD loss alleviates modal discrepancy by minimizing the cosine distance between different modalities. In addition, we explore different architectures and positions for the RC module, and evaluate different transfer learning strategies for HFR. Extensive experiments on IIIT-D Viewed Sketch, Forensic Sketch, CASIA NIR-VIS 2.0 and CUHK NIR-VIS show that our RCN outperforms other state-of-the-art methods significantly.
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Zeshan, Ulrike y Nick Palfreyman. "Comparability of signed and spoken languages: Absolute and relative modality effects in cross-modal typology". Linguistic Typology 24, n.º 3 (25 de octubre de 2020): 527–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lingty-2020-2059.
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AbstractThis article sets out a conceptual framework and typology of modality effects in the comparison of signed and spoken languages. This is essential for a theory of cross-modal typology. We distinguish between relative modality effects, where a linguistic structure is markedly more common in one modality than in the other, and absolute modality effects, where a structure does not occur in one of the modalities at all. Using examples from a wide variety of sign languages, we discuss examples at the levels of phonology, morphology (including numerals, negation, and aspect) and semantics. At the phonological level, the issue of iconically motivated sub-lexical components in signs, and parallels with sound symbolism in spoken languages, is particularly pertinent. Sensory perception metaphors serve as an example for semantic comparison across modalities. Advocating an inductive approach to cross-modal comparison, we discuss analytical challenges in defining what is comparable across the signed and spoken modalities, and in carrying out such comparisons in a rigorous and empirically substantiated way.
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Cao, Bing, Han Zhang, Nannan Wang, Xinbo Gao y Dinggang Shen. "Auto-GAN: Self-Supervised Collaborative Learning for Medical Image Synthesis". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, n.º 07 (3 de abril de 2020): 10486–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i07.6619.
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In various clinical scenarios, medical image is crucial in disease diagnosis and treatment. Different modalities of medical images provide complementary information and jointly helps doctors to make accurate clinical decision. However, due to clinical and practical restrictions, certain imaging modalities may be unavailable nor complete. To impute missing data with adequate clinical accuracy, here we propose a framework called self-supervised collaborative learning to synthesize missing modality for medical images. The proposed method comprehensively utilize all available information correlated to the target modality from multi-source-modality images to generate any missing modality in a single model. Different from the existing methods, we introduce an auto-encoder network as a novel, self-supervised constraint, which provides target-modality-specific information to guide generator training. In addition, we design a modality mask vector as the target modality label. With experiments on multiple medical image databases, we demonstrate a great generalization ability as well as specialty of our method compared with other state-of-the-arts.
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Giles, Aimee y Victoria Markham. "Comparing Book- and Tablet-Based Picture Activity Schedules: Acquisition and Preference". Behavior Modification 41, n.º 5 (28 de abril de 2017): 647–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145445517700817.
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Picture activity schedules consist of a sequence of images representing the order of tasks for a person to complete. Although, picture activity schedules have traditionally been presented in a book format, recently picture activity schedules have been evaluated on technological devices such as an iPod™ touch. The present study compared the efficiency of picture activity schedule acquisition on book- and tablet-based modalities. In addition, participant preference for each modality was assessed. Three boys aged below 5 years with a diagnosis of autism participated. Participants were taught to follow the schedules using both modalities. Following mastery of each modality of picture activity schedule, a concurrent-chains preference assessment was conducted to evaluate participant preference for each modality. Differences in acquisition rates across the two modalities were marginal. Preference for book- or tablet-based schedules was idiosyncratic across participants.
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Gu, Jin, Linjing Cao y Baolin Liu. "Modality-general representations of valences perceived from visual and auditory modalities". NeuroImage 203 (diciembre de 2019): 116199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116199.
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Kim, Sang-Min. "The Epistemic Modality Meaning and Modalitic Characteristics of the Particle ‘kkaji’". Morphology 22, n.º 2 (30 de noviembre de 2020): 185–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.51157/kmor.2020.22.2.185.
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Poole, Daniel, Eleanor Miles, Emma Gowen y Ellen Poliakoff. "Shifting attention between modalities: Revisiting the modality-shift effect in autism". Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 83, n.º 6 (30 de abril de 2021): 2498–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-021-02302-4.
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AbstractSelective attention to a sensory modality has been observed experimentally in studies of the modality-shift effect – a relative performance benefit for targets preceded by a target in the same modality, compared to a different modality. Differences in selective attention are commonly observed in autism and we investigated whether exogenous (automatic) shift costs between modalities are increased. Autistic adults and neurotypical controls made speeded discrimination responses to simple visual, tactile and auditory targets. Shift costs were observed for each target modality in participant response times and were largest for auditory targets, reflective of fast responses on auditory repeat trials. Critically, shift costs were similar between the groups. However, integrating speed and accuracy data using drift-diffusion modelling revealed that shift costs in drift rates (reflecting the quality of information extracted from the stimulus) were reduced for autistic participants compared with neurotypicals. It may be that, unlike neurotypicals, there is little difference between attention within and between sensory modalities for autistic people. This finding also highlights the benefit of combining reaction time and accuracy data using decision models to better characterise selective attention in autism.
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Lan, Xiangyuan, Zifei Yang, Wei Zhang y Pong C. Yuen. "Spatial-temporal Regularized Multi-modality Correlation Filters for Tracking with Re-detection". ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications 17, n.º 2 (junio de 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3430257.
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The development of multi-spectrum image sensing technology has brought great interest in exploiting the information of multiple modalities (e.g., RGB and infrared modalities) for solving computer vision problems. In this article, we investigate how to exploit information from RGB and infrared modalities to address two important issues in visual tracking: robustness and object re-detection. Although various algorithms that attempt to exploit multi-modality information in appearance modeling have been developed, they still face challenges that mainly come from the following aspects: (1) the lack of robustness to deal with large appearance changes and dynamic background, (2) failure in re-capturing the object when tracking loss happens, and (3) difficulty in determining the reliability of different modalities. To address these issues and perform effective integration of multiple modalities, we propose a new tracking-by-detection algorithm called Adaptive Spatial-temporal Regulated Multi-Modality Correlation Filter. Particularly, an adaptive spatial-temporal regularization is imposed into the correlation filter framework in which the spatial regularization can help to suppress effect from the cluttered background while the temporal regularization enables the adaptive incorporation of historical appearance cues to deal with appearance changes. In addition, a dynamic modality weight learning algorithm is integrated into the correlation filter training, which ensures that more reliable modalities gain more importance in target tracking. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Camacho, F., C. D. Mullins, V. Joish y J. Choi. "Common head and neck cancer treatment pathways and associated costs in the U.S. commercial managed care population". Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, n.º 15_suppl (20 de mayo de 2009): e17001-e17001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e17001.
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e17001 Background: For the treatment of head and neck cancer (HNC), different modalities (chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, or chemoradiotherapy) can be used either independently or in combination with others. Information regarding real-world treatment pattern is limited. The purpose of this study was to identify common treatment pathways and associated costs. Methods: The study was performed using data from a large U.S. commercial managed care claims database. Adult subjects (≥18) diagnosed with HNC between January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2006, (index-period) were identified based on a pre-selected ICD-9-CM codes. All subjects were HNC diagnosis-naïve 12 months prior to their index dates (first date of HNC diagnosis) and followed for 12 months post index date. Treatment modalities were identified based on the Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System used in the U.S. Pathways were constructed by reflecting time of and between modality administration claims. Results: 6,570 subjects were identified. The average age was 61 years (±14.9) and 44% (n = 2869) were female. Midwest (31%) and east (31%) region had a higher (p < 0.01) representation, compared to south (20%) and west (18%). Only 2,257 subjects (34%) received some type of treatment modality and were categorized into 20 mutually exclusive treatment pathways. Of these, 82% (n = 1,843) received single modality, 18% (n = 398) received a combination of 2, and 0.7% (n = 16) received a combination of 3 modalities. Among single modality pathways, radiation (34%; n = 619) was most common, however, cheomoradiotherapy (26%; n = 485) had the highest average patient cost ($98,440). Within double modalities, radiation followed by chemotherapy (24%; n = 95) was most common, however, chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery (4%; n = 16) had the highest average cost ($146,374). Within triple modalities, surgery followed by radiation then chemotherapy (50%; n = 8) was most common and costly ($95,868). Conclusions: The most common treatment pathways one year post HNC diagnosis used a single modality; however, the average patient costs within multiple modalities were higher. Further study is required to investigate if these patterns are comparable to current guideline recommendation. [Table: see text]
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Ardiansah, Dian. "AN ANALYSIS OF MODALITY IN STUDENTS’ HORTATORY EXPOSITION TEXTS (SYSTEMIC FUNCTIONAL GRAMMAR PERSPECTIVE)". Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra 15, n.º 2 (3 de diciembre de 2015): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/bs_jpbsp.v15i2.1236.
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AbstractThis study deals with the interpersonal meaning revealed the use of modality system in students’ hortatory exposition text at one of universities in Ciamis. Five texts of students’ hortatory exposition were analyzed to find out what types of modality are used and what interpersonal meaning which is contained through modality system. This study employed Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) based on Halliday and Matthiessen’s (2004) framework since it can seek and identify the level of language structured which makes kinds of meaning.The findings showed that all of clauses which contained modality system indicated author’s interpersonal meaning with different value of language in the texts. The different types of language value and polarity also indicated the author’s interpersonal meaning in the texts. In addition, this analysis concluded that five texts comparised several modalization and modulation types which appeared with different ranks. Keywords: Hortatory exposition text, interpersonal meaning, SFG, modality AbstrakPenelitian ini berkenaan dengan makna interpersonal yang terungkap dari penggunaan sistem modalitas dalam teks eksposisi hortatory mahasiswa di salah satu universitas di Ciamis. Lima teks eksposisi hortatory mahasiswa dianalisis untuk mengetahui apa jenis modalitas yang digunakan dan apa makna interpersonal yang terkandung melalui sistem modalitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan Grammar Fungsional Sistemik (SFG) berdasarkan kerangka Halliday dan Matthiessen (2004) karena kerangka tersebut dapat mengidentifikasi tingkat bahasa terstruktur yang membuat berbagai jenis makna. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa semua klausa yang berisi sistem modalitas mengandung makna interpersonal penulis dengan nilai bahasa dalam teks yang berbeda. Berbagai jenis nilai bahasa dan polaritas juga menunjukkan makna interpersonal penulis dalam teks. Selain itu, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kelima teks memiliki beberapa tipe modalization dan modulasi yang muncul dengan peringkat yang berlainan.Kata kunci: Hortatory exposition text, makna interpersonal, modalitas, SFG,
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Persellin, Diane Cummings y Catherine Pierce. "Association of Preference for Modality to Learning of Rhythm Patterns in Music". Perceptual and Motor Skills 67, n.º 3 (diciembre de 1988): 825–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1988.67.3.825.
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This study examined the relationship between preferences for learning modality and the learning and short-term retention of musical rhythm patterns. 55 third graders completed the Swassing Barbe Modality Index. These students were also presented two-measure rhythm patterns through their visual, auditory, and kinesthetic modalities. Analysis indicated that children who preferred on the modality index one modality over others tended to prefer that same modality when learning simple musical rhythms.
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Driver, Jon y Charles Spence. "Cross–modal links in spatial attention". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 353, n.º 1373 (29 de agosto de 1998): 1319–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0286.
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A great deal is now known about the effects of spatial attention within individual sensory modalities, especially for vision and audition. However, there has been little previous study of possible crossmodal links in attention. Here, we review recent findings from our own experiments on this topic, which reveal extensive spatial links between the modalities. An irrelevant but salient event presented within touch, audition, or vision, can attract covert spatial attention in the other modalities (with the one exception that visual events do not attract auditory attention when saccades are prevented). By shifting receptors in one modality relative to another, the spatial coordinates of these crossmodal interactions can be examined. For instance, when a hand is placed in a new position, stimulation of it now draws visual attention to a correspondingly different location, although some aspects of attention do not spatially remap in this way. Crossmodal links are also evident in voluntary shifts of attention. When a person strongly expects a target in one modality (e.g. audition) to appear in a particular location, their judgements improve at that location not only for the expected modality but also for other modalities (e.g. vision), even if events in the latter modality are somewhat more likely elsewhere. Finally, some of our experiments suggest that information from different sensory modalities may be integrated preattentively, to produce the multimodal internal spatial representations in which attention can be directed. Such preattentive crossmodal integration can, in some cases, produce helpful illusions that increase the efficiency of selective attention in complex scenes.
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Kurniasih, Ulfa. "PERUBAHAN PENGGUNAAN MODALITAS INTENSIONAL DALAM BAHASA MELAYU DAN BAHASA INDONESIA". Disastra: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 1, n.º 1 (10 de enero de 2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.29300/disastra.v1i1.1465.
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Modality is the means of the speaker for his involvement in the truth of his speech propositions. In the semantic level, modalities can appear in all languages with their respective expressions. Modalities according to Alwi (1992) consist of intentional modalities, epistemic modalities, deontic modalities, and dynamic modalities. This study aims to look at changes in use in the aspects of intentional modalities in Malay and Indonesian. The data taken is in the form of Malay texts Hikayat Hang Tuah (1700), Hikayat Indera Nata (1800), and Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk (1982)..
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Yuan, Xu, Hua Zhong, Zhikui Chen, Fangming Zhong y Yueming Hu. "Multimedia Feature Mapping and Correlation Learning for Cross-Modal Retrieval". International Journal of Grid and High Performance Computing 10, n.º 3 (julio de 2018): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijghpc.2018070103.
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This article describes how with the rapid increasing of multimedia content on the Internet, the need for effective cross-modal retrieval has attracted much attention recently. Many related works ignore the latent semantic correlations of modalities in the non-linear space and the extraction of high-level modality features, which only focuses on the semantic mapping of modalities in linear space and the use of low-level artificial features as modality feature representation. To solve these issues, the authors first utilizes convolutional neural networks and topic modal to obtain a high-level semantic feature of various modalities. Sequentially, they propose a supervised learning algorithm based on a kernel with partial least squares that can capture semantic correlations across modalities. Finally, the joint model of different modalities is learnt by the training set. Extensive experiments are conducted on three benchmark datasets that include Wikipedia, Pascal and MIRFlickr. The results show that the proposed approach achieves better retrieval performance over several state-of-the-art approaches.
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Robinson, Anske, Janice Chesters y Simon Cooper. "Beyond a Generic Complementary and Alternative Medicine: The Holistic Health Care- Conventional Medicine Continuum". Complementary health practice review 14, n.º 3 (octubre de 2009): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533210109360016.
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This article explores whether complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) users view CAM as a unified concept or individualize the modalities. A survey about the beliefs and concerns surrounding the use of 22 CAM modalities was posted to a random sample of 1,308 people in five rural and two metropolitan localities in Victoria, Australia. The response rate was 40% (n = 459). Overall, 91% of respondents were found to either have used one CAM modality (85%, n = 386) or be open to future use (6%, n = 33). Respondents did not view CAM as a unified concept. Each modality was used by people with different characteristics and beliefs about health care. However, it was practical to divide the 22 CAM modalities into four categories that we have named natural remedy, wellness, accepted, and established modalities. The four categories lie along a set of continua extending from natural remedy modalities and ‘‘holistic health care’’ beliefs at one end to established modalities and a belief in the tenets of conventional medicine at the other. We were able to develop a model to show this diagrammatically.
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Kim, Stephanie H. y Harold I. Litt. "Surveillance Imaging following Endovascular Aneurysm Repair: State of the Art". Seminars in Interventional Radiology 37, n.º 04 (octubre de 2020): 356–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1715882.
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AbstractEndovascular aneurysmal repair (EVAR) has become a prominent modality for the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Surveillance imaging is important for the detection of device-related complications, which include endoleak, structural abnormalities, and infection. Currently used modalities include ultrasound, X-ray, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and angiography. Understanding the advantages and drawbacks of each modality, as well available guidelines, can guide selection of the appropriate technique for individual patients. We review complications following EVAR and advances in surveillance imaging modalities.
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Imtiaz, Syed Anas. "A Systematic Review of Sensing Technologies for Wearable Sleep Staging". Sensors 21, n.º 5 (24 de febrero de 2021): 1562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21051562.
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Designing wearable systems for sleep detection and staging is extremely challenging due to the numerous constraints associated with sensing, usability, accuracy, and regulatory requirements. Several researchers have explored the use of signals from a subset of sensors that are used in polysomnography (PSG), whereas others have demonstrated the feasibility of using alternative sensing modalities. In this paper, a systematic review of the different sensing modalities that have been used for wearable sleep staging is presented. Based on a review of 90 papers, 13 different sensing modalities are identified. Each sensing modality is explored to identify signals that can be obtained from it, the sleep stages that can be reliably identified, the classification accuracy of systems and methods using the sensing modality, as well as the usability constraints of the sensor in a wearable system. It concludes that the two most common sensing modalities in use are those based on electroencephalography (EEG) and photoplethysmography (PPG). EEG-based systems are the most accurate, with EEG being the only sensing modality capable of identifying all the stages of sleep. PPG-based systems are much simpler to use and better suited for wearable monitoring but are unable to identify all the sleep stages.
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Fernyhough, Charles. "Modality-general and modality-specific processes in hallucinations". Psychological Medicine 49, n.º 16 (18 de septiembre de 2019): 2639–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291719002496.
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AbstractThere is a growing recognition in psychosis research of the importance of hallucinations in modalities other than the auditory. This has focused attention on cognitive and neural processes that might be shared by, and which might contribute distinctly to, hallucinations in different modalities. In this article, I address some issues around the modality-generality of cognitive and neural processes in hallucinations, including the role of perceptual and reality-monitoring systems, top-down and bottom-up processes in relation to the psychological and neural substrates of hallucinations, and the phenomenon of simultaneous multimodal hallucinations of the same entity. I suggest that a functional systems approach, inspired by some neglected aspects of the writings of A. R. Luria, can help us to understand patterns of hallucinatory experience across modalities and across clinical and non-clinical groups. Understanding the interplay between modality-general and modality-specific processes may bear fruit for improved diagnosis and therapeutic approaches to dealing with distressing hallucinations.
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Boghikian-Whitby, Seta y Yehia Mortagy. "Student Preferences and Performance in Online and Face-to-Face Classes Using Myers-Briggs Indicator: A Longitudinal Quasi-Experimental Study". Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology 13 (2016): 089–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3444.
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This longitudinal, quasi-experimental study investigated students’ cognitive personality type using the Myers-Briggs personality Type Indicator (MBTI) in Internet-based Online and Face-to-Face (F2F) modalities. A total of 1154 students enrolled in 28 Online and 32 F2F sections taught concurrently over a period of fourteen years. The study measured whether the sample is similar to the national average percentage frequency of all 16 different personality types; whether specific personality type students preferred a specific modality of instructions and if this preference changed over time; whether learning occurred in both class modalities; and whether specific personality type students learned more from a specific modality. Data was analyzed using regression, t-test, frequency, and Chi-Squared. The study concluded that data used in the study was similar to the national statistics; that no major differences in preference occurred over time; and that learning did occur in all modalities, with more statistically significant learning found in the Online modality versus F2F for Sensing, Thinking, and Perceiving types. Finally, Sensing and Thinking (ST) and Sensing and Perceiving (SP) group types learned significantly more in Online modality versus F2F.
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Pecher, Diane, René Zeelenberg y Lawrence W. Barsalou. "Verifying Different-Modality Properties for Concepts Produces Switching Costs". Psychological Science 14, n.º 2 (marzo de 2003): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.t01-1-01429.
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According to perceptual symbol systems, sensorimotor simulations underlie the representation of concepts. It follows that sensorimotor phenomena should arise in conceptual processing. Previous studies have shown that switching from one modality to another during perceptual processing incurs a processing cost. If perceptual simulation underlies conceptual processing, then verifying the properties of concepts should exhibit a switching cost as well. For example, verifying a property in the auditory modality (e.g., BLENDER-loud) should be slower after verifying a property in a different modality (e.g., CRANBERRIES-tart) than after verifying a property in the same modality (e.g., LEAVES-rustling). Only words were presented to subjects, and there were no instructions to use imagery. Nevertheless, switching modalities incurred a cost, analogous to the cost of switching modalities in perception. A second experiment showed that this effect was not due to associative priming between properties in the same modality. These results support the hypothesis that perceptual simulation underlies conceptual processing.
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Han, Chengmei, Peng Pan, Aihua Zheng y Jin Tang. "Cross-Modality Person Re-Identification Based on Heterogeneous Center Loss and Non-Local Features". Entropy 23, n.º 7 (20 de julio de 2021): 919. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23070919.
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Cross-modality person re-identification is the study of images of people matching under different modalities (RGB modality, IR modality). Given one RGB image of a pedestrian collected under visible light in the daytime, cross-modality person re-identification aims to determine whether the same pedestrian appears in infrared images (IR images) collected by infrared cameras at night, and vice versa. Cross-modality person re-identification can solve the task of pedestrian recognition in low light or at night. This paper aims to improve the degree of similarity for the same pedestrian in two modalities by improving the feature expression ability of the network and designing appropriate loss functions. To implement our approach, we introduce a deep neural network structure combining heterogeneous center loss (HC loss) and a non-local mechanism. On the one hand, this can heighten the performance of feature representation of the feature learning module, and, on the other hand, it can improve the similarity of cross-modality within the class. Experimental data show that the network achieves excellent performance on SYSU-MM01 datasets.
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Walsh, James y Bruce H. Thomas. "Aligning Realities: Correlating Content between Projected and Head Worn Displays". Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 4, n.º 3 (16 de septiembre de 2020): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti4030067.
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Enabling the effective representation of an object’s position and depth in augmented reality (AR) is crucial not just for realism, but also to enable augmented reality’s wider utilization in real world applications. Domains such as architecture and building design cannot leverage AR’s advantages without the effective representation of position. Prior work has examined how the human visual system perceives and interprets such cues in AR. However, it has focused on application systems that only use a single AR modality, i.e., head-mounted display, tablet/handheld, or projection. However, given the respective limitations of each modality regarding shared experience, stereo display, field of view, etc., prior work has ignored the possible benefits of utilizing multiple AR modalities together. By using multiple AR systems together, we can attempt to address the deficiencies of one modality by leveraging the features of other modalities. This work examines methods for representing position in a multi-modal AR system consisting of a stereo head-mounted display and a ceiling mounted projection system. Given that the AR content is now rendered across two separate AR realities, how does the user know which projected object matches the object shown in their head-mounted display? We explore representations to correlate and fuse objects across modalities. In this paper, we review previous work on position and depth in AR, before then describing multiple representations for head-mounted and projector-based AR that can be paired together across modalities. To the authors’ knowledge, this work represents the first step towards utilizing multiple AR modalities in which the AR content is designed directly to compliment deficiencies in the other modality.