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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Mountain bike"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 29 de mayo de 2022

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1

Karisman, Vicki Ahmad. "Motivation Patterns of Cyclists in the New-Normal Era". JUARA : Jurnal Olahraga 7, n.º 1 (17 de diciembre de 2021): 126–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33222/juara.v7i1.1453.

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This study aimed to determine the motivation pattern of the riders of mountain bikes, road bikes, and folding bikes in the new-normal era. The method used in this study is descriptive quantitative. The participants of this study were 258 cyclists in Bandung. The data was collected through a Sport Motivation Scale-6 questionnaire. This study indicates that there is no significant difference between the motivation of mountain bike, road bike, and folding bike riders. However, there is a substantial difference in income indicators in sociodemography, especially for road bike riders, while mountain bike and folding bike riders do not have any significant differences. This study shows that the motivation patterns of cyclists impact the cycling activities undertaken.

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Hall, Cougar, Taylor H. Hoj, Clark Julian, Geoff Wright, Robert A. Chaney, Benjamin Crookston y Joshua West. "Pedal-Assist Mountain Bikes: A Pilot Study Comparison of the Exercise Response, Perceptions, and Beliefs of Experienced Mountain Bikers". JMIR Formative Research 3, n.º 3 (13 de agosto de 2019): e13643. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/13643.

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Background Mountain biking is an aerobic physical activity that has experienced rapid growth. The emergence of the electric pedal-assist mountain bike (eMTB), while not without its critics, presents the potential for an even larger segment of the population to enjoy the health benefits of mountain biking. Although the research focused on the use of e-bikes generally is growing, there is limited research specifically targeting eMTB use. Research is needed exploring the potential exercise response of riding an eMTB, together with the beliefs and perceptions of mountain bikers who have and have not experienced eMTB riding. Objective This study aimed to compare conventional mountain bike and eMTB use. This was done by investigating 2 questions: (1) What proportion of exercise response is retained for an experienced mountain biker while using an eMTB when compared with a conventional mountain bike? and (2) What are the perceptions and beliefs of experienced mountain bikers toward eMTBs both before and after riding an eMTB? Methods A convergent mixed methods data collection approach was used in the study. Participants completed both a pre- and postride questionnaire, and data regarding heart rate were collected. Heart rates from each ride were compared against each other. Results The average heart rate during eMTB use was 94% (31/33) of the average heart rate during conventional mountain bike use. Therefore, eMTB use in this study achieved a majority of the exercise response and exceeded established biometric thresholds for cardiovascular fitness. Paired t test statistics were calculated to compare beliefs of conventional mountain bikes and eMTBs and to compare mean heart rate and speed between conventional mountain bike and eMTB use on the study loop. Participants overwhelmingly perceived the potential impact of eMTB use to be positive on both pre- and post-eMTB ride questionnaires. Conclusions Despite the measured benefit, participants’ perceived exertion while riding the eMTB was low.

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Smith, Carine y Kathryn H. Myburgh. "Mountain-bike Racing". Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 37, Supplement (mayo de 2005): S238—S239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200505001-01240.

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4

Rouzier, Pierre. "Mountain Bike Injuries". Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 38, Supplement (mayo de 2006): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200605001-00151.

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Rouzier, Pierre. "Mountain Bike Injuries". Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 38, Supplement (mayo de 2006): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200605001-00292.

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6

Smith, Carine y Kathryn H. Myburgh. "Mountain-bike Racing". Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 37, Supplement (mayo de 2005): S238???S239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200505001-01240.

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7

Buning, Richard J., Zachary Cole y Matthew Lamont. "A case study of the US mountain bike tourism market". Journal of Vacation Marketing 25, n.º 4 (12 de abril de 2019): 515–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356766719842321.

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Communities and regions throughout the United States are investing in the development and enhancement of requisite resources to leverage the growth of mountain bike tourism. However, an understanding of mountain bike tourists’ demographics, travel patterns, trip behaviors, and expenditures is lacking, thereby hampering product and market development efforts. The purpose of this study was to explore the demographics, travel preferences, and travel behaviors of US mountain bike tourists. Through an online survey hosted on a popular mountain bike website, a sample of US mountain bike tourists ( N = 810) was gathered. Data revealed that mountain bike tourists are predominately middle-aged affluent males who take an average of five short-break trips annually of about 400 miles per trip during the spring and summer months, and in the process spend approximately US$400 per trip. Stemming from the results, implications for mountain bike tourism development are discussed.

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8

Oyaizu, Hiroshi. "Suspension of Mountain Bike". Journal of the Society of Mechanical Engineers 101, n.º 955 (1998): 418–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemag.101.955_418.

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9

Schlemmer, Philipp, Michael Barth y Martin Schnitzer. "Comparing motivational patterns of e-mountain bike and common mountain bike tourists". Current Issues in Tourism 23, n.º 10 (14 de abril de 2019): 1186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2019.1606168.

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10

Setiawan, Erry. "Persepsi Kebijakan Fiskal 2021 dan Kinerja Perekonomian Daerah Terhadap Volume Penjualan Sepeda Gunung dengan Pandemi Covid-19 Sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi Pada Konsumen Toko Sumber Agung Jl. Niaga Kota Mojokerto)". JEBDEER: Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business Development and Economic Educations Research 4, n.º 1 (7 de octubre de 2020): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.32616/jbr.v4i1.217.

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The objectives of this study are: 1) Analyze the perceptions of fiscal policy 2021 towards the Covid-19 pandemic. 2) Analyze the influence of regional economic performance on the Covid-19 pandemic. 3) Analyze the effect of perceptions of fiscal 2021 on mountain bike sales volume. 4) Analyze the influence of regional economic performance on mountain bike sales volume. 5) To find out and analyze the effect of mountain bike sales volume on the Covid-19 pandemic. 6) To find out and analyze the effect of the perception of fiscal 2021 policy indirectly on the volume of mountain bike sales through the Covid-19 pandemic. 7) Analyze the effect of regional economic performance indirectly on mountain bike sales volume through the Covid-19 pandemic. The population in this study were consumers of Toko Sumber Agung Jl. Commerce in Mojokerto City. The sampling method used census technique, data analysis used SPSS version 20 for validity test with factor analysis, reliability test with Cronbach. Classic assumption test and multiple linear regression analysis, to verify and prove the research hypothesis. From the research results it can be concluded as follows: 1) Perceptions of fiscal 2021 policy have no effect on the Covid-19 Pandemic 2) Regional economic performance has a significant effect on the Covid-19 Pandemic 3) Perceptions of fiscal policy in 2021 have no effect on mountain bike sales volume regions have a significant effect on mountain bike sales volume 5) The Covid-19 pandemic has a significant effect on mountain bike sales volumes 6) Perceptions of 2021 fiscal policy have an indirect effect on mountain bike sales volume through the Covid-19 Pandemic 7) Regional economic performance has an indirect effect the volume of mountain bike sales through the Covid-19 Pandemic

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11

Dressel, Andrew y James Sadauckas. "Characterization and Modelling of Various Sized Mountain Bike Tires and the Effects of Tire Tread Knobs and Inflation Pressure". Applied Sciences 10, n.º 9 (1 de mayo de 2020): 3156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10093156.

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Mountain bikes continue to be the largest segment of U.S. bicycle sales, totaling some USD 577.5 million in 2017 alone. One of the distinguishing features of the mountain bike is relatively wide tires with thick, knobby treads. Although some work has been done on characterizing street and commuter bicycle tires, little or no data have been published on off-road bicycle tires. This work presents laboratory measurements of inflated tire profiles, tire contact patch footprints, and force and moment data, as well as static lateral and radial stiffness for various modern mountain bike tire sizes including plus size and fat bike tires. Pacejka’s Motorcycle Magic Formula tire model was applied and used to compare results. A basic model of tire lateral stiffness incorporating individual tread knobs as springs in parallel with the overall tread and the inflated carcass as springs in series was derived. Finally, the influence of inflation pressure was also examined. Results demonstrated appreciable differences in tire performance between 29 × 2.3”, 27.5 × 2.8”, 29 × 3”, and 26 × 4” knobby tires. The proposed simple model to combine tread knob and carcass stiffness offered a good approximation, whereas inflation pressure had a strong effect on mountain bike tire behavior.

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12

Chavez, Deborah J. "Bunny Hops or Vegetable Tunnels? Perceptions and Preferences of Mountain Bike Riders on the San Jacinto Ranger District". Western Journal of Applied Forestry 12, n.º 2 (1 de abril de 1997): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/12.2.44.

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Abstract To investigate mountain bike use on the San Jacinto Ranger District in southern California, mountain bike riders were queried using a mailed survey process. The objectives were to develop a socio-demographic profile of mountain bike riders; profile their activity patterns; and describe user perceptions related to mountain bike use in general and specifically to the region. This information was to be used in developing a regional mountain biking plan. Most respondents were male, about 34 years of age, and had some college education. They were active recreationists yet were committed to the sport of mountain bike riding. Trails were thought to have acceptable numbers of users and amounts of physical impacts. The respondents believed that they should share trails with other users and follow rules of etiquette. The regional biking plan should include little by way of site amenities. Few differences existed between more and less experienced riders. West. J. Appl. For. 12(2):44-48.

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13

Kirkwood, Lewis Adam, Lesley A. Ingram, Jamie Cunningham, Eva Malone y Geraint D. Florida-James. "Physiological characteristics and performance in elite enduro mountain biking." Journal of Science and Cycling 6, n.º 2 (31 de diciembre de 2017): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.28985/171231.jsc.09.

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Enduro mountain bike racing is composed of several timed predominantly downhill race stages linked by time restricted, non-competitive transition stages. This study aimed to 1) detail and compare the laboratory assessed physiological characteristics of elite and non-elite enduro mountain bike riders, and 2) evaluate the use of 10Hz global positioning systems (GPS) unit including a 100Hz triaxial accelerometer to define the demands of enduro mountain bike racing and identify components of successful performance. Eleven (n=11) male enduro mountain bike riders completed laboratory protocols for peak aerobic capacity (VO2peak), onset of blood lactate accumulation at 2 and 4 mmol/L (OBLA2 and OBLA4 respectively), intermittent sprint test (EST), and anthropometry measures. Participants were divided into elite (n=5) and non-elite (n=6) groups for analysis. Nine (n=9) elite enduro mountain bike athletes participated in field data collection at an international enduro mountain bike race. Two race stages were used for analysis of velocity, accumulated load, heart rate and time to complete specific sections of track calculated from GPS units placed on the bicycle seat mast and the rider’s torso. Elite athletes produced greater power during the EST and at VO2peak, OBLA2, OBLA4 when compared to non-elite riders (all p<0.05) with no significant differences in anthropometry (p>0.05). Accumulated load was significantly greater on the bicycle than the rider on both stages (p<0.05) and accumulated load in both locations was significantly higher during stage two compared to stage 1 reflecting differences in terrain (p<0.05). GPS analysis allowed detailed analysis of performance showing winning performances were characterised by reduced time to complete technical downhill and non-technical climbing sections during stage one and technical downhill sections only during stage two. In conclusion, successful performance in enduro mountain bike racing requires adequate skill and technique to sustain high velocities over technical terrain coupled with large aerobic and anaerobic capacities.

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14

Kronisch, Robert L. "How to Fit a Mountain Bike". Physician and Sportsmedicine 26, n.º 3 (marzo de 1998): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00913847.1998.11440350.

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15

Sunter, R. J. y A. T. Sayers. "Aerodynamic drag of mountain bike tyres". Sports Engineering 4, n.º 2 (mayo de 2001): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2687.2001.00070.x.

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16

Ruff, Allan R. y Olivia Mellors. "The mountain bike — the dream machine?" Landscape Research 18, n.º 3 (diciembre de 1993): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01426399308706402.

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17

Rumpa, Lantana Dioren. "DESAIN DAN IMPLEMENTASI INSTRUMEN DIGITAL PENGUKUR KECEPATAN, JARAK DAN PEMBAKARAN KALORI PADA SEPEDA GUNUNG BERBASIS MIKROKONTROL ATMEGA32". Journal Dynamic Saint 2, n.º 2 (14 de diciembre de 2017): 326–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.47178/dynamicsaint.v2i2.103.

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Bicycle is one of the most popular transportation and in Indonesia there are still many people used it. Static bike or stationary bicycle is one of many kind of bicycle and people used it in indoor room. Static bike has an electronic panel that could help people who used it to know how far the distance, what abaout their speed and how many calories they have burned. Many people said that static bike is more fun and more interesting than outdoor bicycle especially from mountain bike because the static bike has the electronic panel. The electronic panel from static bike will be used on mountain bike so it can be more interresting as static bike. Microcontroller will used as minicomputer to processing all data from magnetic sensor that show the rotation of bike’s tires and then the microcontroller will show the result on seven segment display about the distances, the speed, and the calories burned.

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18

Lareau, Stephanie A. y Henderson D. McGinnis. "Injuries In Mountain Bike Racing: Frequency of Injuries In Endurance Versus Cross Country Mountain Bike Races". Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 22, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2011): 222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wem.2011.04.004.

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19

Patterson, J. Megan M., Marissa M. Jaggars y Martin I. Boyer. "Ulnar and Median Nerve Palsy in Long-distance Cyclists". American Journal of Sports Medicine 31, n.º 4 (julio de 2003): 585–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03635465030310041801.

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Background Although case reports have identified the presence of distal ulnar nerve sensory and motor dysfunction in long-distance cyclists, the actual incidence of this condition, referred to as “cyclist's palsy,” is unknown. Purpose To determine the incidence of distal ulnar nerve compression in cyclists. Study Design Prospective study. Methods Twenty-five road or mountain bike riders responded to a questionnaire and were then physically examined and interviewed before and after a 600-km bicycle ride. Results Twenty-three of the 25 cyclists experienced either motor or sensory symptoms, or both. Motor symptoms alone occurred in 36% of the hands (11 cyclists) tested; no significant difference in the incidence of motor symptoms was found among cyclists of various experience levels or based on handlebar types (mountain bike versus road bike). Sensory symptoms alone occurred in 10% of hands (four cyclists) tested, with the majority of these being in the ulnar distribution. A significantly higher proportion of mountain bike riders had sensory deficits compared with road bike riders; however, there was no significant difference in the occurrence of sensory deficits based on level of experience. A total of 24% of the hands (eight cyclists) tested experienced a combination of motor and sensory symptoms. These motor and sensory symptoms were equally distributed between road bike riders and mountain bike riders and riders of various experience levels. Conclusions Cyclist's palsy occurs at high rates in both experienced and inexperienced cylists. Steps may be taken to decrease the incidence of cyclist's palsy; these include wearing cycling gloves, ensuring proper bicycle fit, and frequently changing hand position.

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20

B, Sajimsha. "Analysis of Mountain Bike Frames by ANSYS". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, n.º 6 (30 de junio de 2019): 1167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.6202.

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21

Gruszczynska, Magdalena, Monika Bak-Sosnowska y Ryszard Plinta. "Health behaviors of amateur mountain bike athletes". Human Movement 2018, n.º 2 (2018): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/hm.2018.74060.

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22

Hagen, Scarlett y Mike Boyes. "Affective ride experiences on mountain bike terrain". Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 15 (octubre de 2016): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2016.07.006.

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23

Redfield, Robin C. "Thermal modeling in mountain bike air shocks". Procedia Engineering 2, n.º 2 (junio de 2010): 2625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2010.04.042.

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Redfield, Robin C. y Cory Sutela. "Mountain bike wheel endurance testing and modeling". Procedia Engineering 34 (2012): 658–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.04.112.

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Viana, Bruno Ferreira, Flávio Oliveira Pires, Allan Inoue y Tony Meireles Santos. "Pacing Strategy During Simulated Mountain Bike Racing". International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 13, n.º 2 (febrero de 2018): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0692.

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26

Knechtle, Beat, Patrizia Knechtle, Thomas Rosemann y Oliver Senn. "No Dehydration in Mountain Bike Ultra-Marathoners". Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 19, n.º 5 (septiembre de 2009): 415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jsm.0b013e3181b47c93.

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27

Shafer, C. Scott y David Scott. "Dynamics of Progression in Mountain Bike Racing". Leisure Sciences 35, n.º 4 (julio de 2013): 353–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2013.797328.

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Alvarez-Segui, M., A. Castello-Ponce y F. Verdu-Pascual. "A dangerous design for a mountain bike". International Journal of Legal Medicine 115, n.º 3 (1 de diciembre de 2001): 165–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004140100237.

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29

Wilkes-Allemann, Jerylee y Marco Pütz. "Governance von Freizeit und Erholung im Wald am Beispiel von Mountainbike-Trails". Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 168, n.º 6 (1 de noviembre de 2017): 321–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2017.0321.

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Governance of forest recreation: analysing the case of mountain bike trails In the last years, leisure and recreation activities in forests have become more important. Sustainable forest management not only fulfils the functions of protection and use, but also promotes the welfare and recreation function of forests. For this, it is not only necessary to be aware of societal demands, but also to understand how forest planning and management decisions are taken. Such questions are analysed in governance research. In this article, we use the Institutional Analysis and Development Framework to analyse the governance structures and processes in the planning of four mountain bike trails in Swiss forests. The cases show that the following governance characteristics have been decisive for the realization of the mountain bike trails: 1) the inclusion of the local actors (e.g. forest owners, hunters, nature conservation organisations), 2) the clear lead of a specific institution in the planning process and 3) the funding of the trail.

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Ehn, Meredith, Masaru Teramoto, Daniel M. Cushman, Kristen Saad y Stuart Willick. "The National Interscholastic Cycling Association (NICA) Mountain Biking Injury Surveillance System (ISS): Analysis of 66,588 Student Athlete-Years of Injury Data". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n.º 11 (29 de mayo de 2021): 5856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115856.

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Interscholastic youth cross-country mountain bike racing in the United States has grown significantly over the past decade, yet little is known about the risk profile in this age group. Aiming to protect participants, we implemented a prospective, longitudinal injury surveillance system for the purpose of better understanding youth mountain biking injuries and implementing safety measures. Data were collected during competition years 2018–2020, totaling 66,588 student athlete-years. Designated reporters from each team received weekly emails with exposure and incident report forms. Variables analyzed included demographic, rider-related, trail-related, and other data. Injury characteristics during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 were compared to the years 2018 and 2019. More student athletes participated in the 2020 season (25,261) than in prior seasons (18,575 in 2018 and 22,752 in 2019). During competition year 2020, overall injury proportion was lower (1.7% versus 3.0% in 2018 and 2.7% in 2019). Variables associated with injury, body part injured, type of injury, time-loss, and disposition following injury were similar between all years. Despite the pandemic and resultant changes to competition, student athletes continued to ride their bikes and become injured, but the proportion of injuries differed. This report details injury characteristics in youth mountain bike racing, including a comparison of before and during the pandemic.

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Scoz, Robson Dias, Cesar Ferreira Amorim, Thiago Espindola, Mateus Santiago, Jose Joao Baltazar Mendes, Paulo Rui de Oliveira, Luciano Maia Alves Ferreira y Romulo Nolasco Brito. "Discomfort, pain and fatigue levels of 160 cyclists after a kinematic bike-fitting method: an experimental study". BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 7, n.º 3 (agosto de 2021): e001096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001096.

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ObjectiveTo analyse rider’s subjective responses after a standardised bicycle ergonomic adjustment method.MethodsExperimental study of 160 healthy, amateur mountain bikers analysed previously and 30 days after a bike-fitting session. The main outcome measures were subjective comfort level (Feeling Scale, FEEL), fatigue (OMINI Scale) and pain (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS).ResultsAll variables demonstrated statistical significance between groups pre and post bike-fit session (p<0001). FEEL, OMNI and VAS-knee demonstrated large effect sizes (d=1.30; d=1.39 and d=0.86, respectively). VAS-hands, VAS-neck and VAS-back indicated moderate effect size (d=0.58; d=0.52 and d=0.43, respectively). VAS-groin and VAS-ankle indicated a small size effect (d=0.46 and d=0.43, respectively).ConclusionsOverall discomfort, fatigue and pain in healthy mountain biker adults improved according to all three scales. The major improvements in pain levels were detected on the knee, hands, back and neck compared with presession values. Groin and ankle pain had smaller improvements but were still significant. Future clinical trials should address the bias effects of this experimental study.

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Devys, S., D. Bertin y G. Rao. "Does changing the bike frame influence pedal force pattern in mountain bike cyclists?" Science & Sports 34, n.º 5 (octubre de 2019): e279-e287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2018.12.006.

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SHIBUYA, Junya y Suguru TAKASHIMA. "1A2-C09 Study of an Acrobat Robot of Mountain Bike". Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2007 (2007): _1A2—C09_1—_1A2—C09_3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2007._1a2-c09_1.

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Paixão, Jairo Antônio da y Marizabel Kowalski. "Fatores intervenientes à prática do mountain bike junto à natureza". Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas) 30, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2013): 561–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-166x2013000400009.

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Este estudo objetivou analisar fatores motivacionais ligados à adesão e permanência na modalidade mountain bike de um grupo de 29 praticantes, entre amadores e profissionais, com média de idade de 30 anos (considerou-se o desvio-padrão com significância <0,05%). A partir da aplicação de entrevista semiestruturada e da técnica de análise do discurso dos dados coletados, foi possível constatar que os fatores motivacionais que mais influenciam na adesão e permanência pelos praticantes no mountain bike são de natureza intrínseca; além da busca pelo risco, da aventura e de fortes emoções, inclui-se a possibilidade da integração saúde e natureza.

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Rizali, Awang Eka Novia. "SEPEDA GUNUNG SEBAGAI GAYA HIDUP MASYARAKAT URBAN DI JAKARTA". Jurnal Dimensi Seni Rupa dan Desain 7, n.º 2 (1 de febrero de 2010): 245–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/dim.v7i2.1789.

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AbstractMountain bike which, initialy , was an instrument of sport had been transformed into an instrument of recreation further to become an instrument of transportation in Jakarta city area. In order to satisfy the requirement as a support of an urban lifestyle, or merely satisfring a will of mountain bilking as a sport hobby beingpart of the lifestyle and image of the owner, reveals that mountain biking currently is being part of lifestyle, mountain bike which has become the need of certain person starting to transform into a lifestyle as a reprentation consumerism of the users. In addition to an instrument of sports and transpormation, a mountain bike apparently has become as a tool of healty lifestyle combined with understanding of technology and pusrpose as well as their application to mountain bike. expectation of the increase of awareness of community on the benefit of mountain biking, as transpormation, sports as well as recretaion tools. Bicycle is a form of cheap transpormation, economical, reduce air and sound pollution, reduce traffic jam, environmental friendly and increase the interaction in society. AbstrakSepeda gunung yang awalnya sebagai sarana olahraga beralih sebagai rekreasi hingga sebagai saran transportasi di wilayah perkotaan Jakarta. Hingga pemenuhan sebagai penunjang gaya hidup di perkotaan, atau sekedar pemenuhan hasrat hobi berolahraga bersepeda gunung menjadi bagian dari gaya hidup dan pencitraan pemiliknya, diungkapkan bahwa bersepeda gunung saat ini sudah menjadi bagian dari gaya hidup, sepeda gunung sudah merupakan kebutuhan seseorang itu pun mulai menjadi gaya hidup ( lifestyle) sebagai makna reprentasi konsumerisme oleh para penggunanya. Selain untuk alat olahraga dan transportasi, sepeda gunung ternyata bisa untuk gaya hiudp sehat yang dikombinaksikan dengan pemahaman teknologi dan kegunaannya serta penerapan pada sepeda gunung. Diharapkan peningkatan kesadaran dari masyarakat mengenai manfaat dari bersepedai gunung, baik itu untuk transportasi olahraga maupun rekreasi. Sepeda merupakan moda transpormasi murah, hemat, mengurangi polusi udara dan bunyi, menguarangi kemacetan bersahabat dengan lingkungan dan meningkatkan interaksi dalam bermasyarakat

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Ramsay, George y David Sedgwick. "Mountain bike trauma attending a rural emergency department". International Journal of Surgery 9, n.º 7 (2011): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2011.07.204.

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37

Chlíbková, Daniela, Beat Knechtle, Thomas Rosemann, Ivana Tomášková, Vlastimil Chadim y Marcus Shortall. "Nutrition habits in 24-hour mountain bike racers". SpringerPlus 3, n.º 1 (2014): 715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-3-715.

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38

Rhyan, Steve. "Strength and Conditioning Considerations for Mountain Bike Racing". STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING JOURNAL 20, n.º 5 (1998): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/1073-6840(1998)020<0036:saccfm>2.3.co;2.

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39

Moseme, Tsepo M., Savvas Andronikou y Salomine Theron. "Transtympanic Facial Nerve Palsy After Mountain Bike Accident". Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care 71, n.º 4 (octubre de 2011): E101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ta.0b013e31822dd21f.

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40

Hua, Yinhong. "Research on innovative design of mountain bike fender". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 631 (7 de noviembre de 2019): 032005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/631/3/032005.

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41

Nehoda, H., B. W. Hochleitner, K. Hourmont, H. Weiß, M. Lanthaler y J. Tschmelitsch. "Central liver hematomas caused by mountain-bike crashes". Injury 32, n.º 4 (mayo de 2001): 285–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-1383(00)00193-5.

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42

Baltes, Jeff, Cory Sutela y Rob Redfield. "Development of a freeride mountain bike suspension fork". Sports Technology 1, n.º 2-3 (enero de 2008): 152–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19346182.2008.9648466.

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43

Kronisch, Robert L., Ronald P. Pfeiffer, Tony K. Chow y Christopher B. Hummel. "Gender Differences in Acute Mountain Bike Racing Injuries". Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 12, n.º 3 (mayo de 2002): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00042752-200205000-00003.

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44

Rhyan, Steve. "Training Suggestions for the Downhill Mountain Bike Racer". Strength and Conditioning Journal 27, n.º 5 (octubre de 2005): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/00126548-200510000-00006.

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45

Peter, Kim, Jangra Dalbhir, Ritchie Alec, Brown DRG y Richard K. Simons. "SERIOUS MOUNTAIN BIKE INJURIES REQUIRING TRAUMA CENTER ADMISSION". Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care 59, n.º 2 (agosto de 2005): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005373-200508000-00128.

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46

Levy, M., G. A. Smith y M. S. Orendurff. "HORIZONTAL BRAKING IMPULSES WITH MOUNTAIN BIKE SUSPENSION FORKS". Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 31, Supplement (mayo de 1999): S304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199905001-01501.

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47

Cherrington, Jim. "The Ontopolitics of Mountain Bike Trail Building: Addressing Issues of Access and Conflict in the More-than Human English Countryside". Somatechnics 11, n.º 3 (diciembre de 2021): 322–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/soma.2021.0363.

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Resumen

In recent years there have been calls for scholars working within sport and physical culture to recognise the (increasing) confluence of nature and culture. Situated within an emerging body of new materialist research, such accounts have shown how various activities are polluted by, fused to, and assembled with non-human entities. However, more work is needed on the political possibilities afforded by non-human agency, and by extension, the implications that such flat ontological arrangements might raise for the management and governance of physical culture. Building on research conducted with mountain bike trail builders, this article seeks to explore what it means to know, to be, and to govern a human subject in the Anthropocene. Specifically, I draw on James Ash’s (2019) post-phenomenological theory of space and David Chandler’s (2018) notion of onto-political hacking to show how the playful, contingent, and transformative practices of the mountain bike assemblage confront the linear and calculated governance of the English countryside. In doing so, mountain bike trails are positioned as objects of hope that allow for a collective re-imagining of political democracy in a more-than-human landscape.

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48

Silveira, António, Francisco Alves, Ana M. Teixeira y Luís Rama. "Chronobiological Effects on Mountain Biking Performance". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n.º 18 (4 de septiembre de 2020): 6458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186458.

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Background: the aim of this study was to analyze the chronobiology influence on the mechanical, kinematic, and physiological variables in a mountain bike (MTB) time trial. Methods: 16 mountain bike (MTB) male athletes volunteered to participate. Their characteristics were as follows: body mass 70.2 ± 5.4 kg, stature 172.7 ± 4.0 cm, body fat 9.8 ± 3.5%, and VO2max 52.3 ± 3.9 mL/kg/min. Two 20 min MTB maximal protocols were applied, the first one in the morning and a second one in the afternoon period. Results: No differences were found for all the variables studied, except for the pedaling cadence (stroke rate), which showed higher values during the morning protocol (85.06 ± 7.58 vs. 82.63 ± 7.41 rpm; p = 0.044). Significant correlations between morning and afternoon physiological and mechanical variables were observed: heart rate (r = 0.871); external mechanical power—maximum (r = 0.845), mean (r = 0.938), and relative (r = 0.933), as well as in the cadence—stroke rate (r = 0.825). Conclusions: our results reveal a similar impact and significant relationship between morning and afternoon impact concerning the majority of the physiological and mechanical variables, which indicates that the period of the day does not influence the external and internal impact associated with the MTB time trial maximal protocol.

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Kirkwood, Lewis A., Mark D. Taylor, Lesley A. Ingram, Eva Malone y Geraint D. Florida-James. "Elite mountain bike enduro competition: a study of rider hand-arm vibration exposure". Journal of Science and Cycling 8, n.º 1 (30 de junio de 2019): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.28985/1906.jsc.04.

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Limited information is currently available regarding the hand-arm vibration (HAV) exposure for professional off-road cyclists. Previous reports have suggested that commuting and recreational cyclists are at risk of exceeding exposure limit values (ELV) in a single ride and, therefore, further investigation of HAV exposure in competitive mountain biking is warranted. Partial and total eight hour exposure data (Ai(8), A(8), ms-2) are presented for a national level mountain bike race. Assessment of hand-arm vibration meets the requirements of BS EN ISO 5349-1:2001 (BSI 2001) whereby recording frequency was 3.2 kHz and frequency weighting filters were applied (Wh). The data presented shows that HAV exposure during one day of competitive enduro mountain bike racing exceeds ELV and is greater than the HAV exposure observed in recreational cycling. This suggests that further work is required to determine the exposure associated with changes in equipment, technique and international racing events in professional athletes.

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XIANG, Zhongxia. "Optimal Design Method for Mountain Bike Rear Suspension Mechanism". Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 44, n.º 10 (2008): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2008.10.283.

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