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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Mozambique – Social conditions"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 1 de febrero de 2022

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Mozambique – Social conditions"

Urban, Boris, Stephanie Althea Townsend y Amanda Bowen. "DEV Mozambique: food security through innovative social enterprise development". Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 10, n.º 2 (2 de julio de 2020): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-02-2020-0042.

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Learning outcomes At the end of the case discussion, the students should be able to: evaluate the factors influencing entrepreneurship in an African context; discuss the relevance of developmental entrepreneurship in an African context; assess an enabling environment and ecosystem for stimulating entrepreneurship; analyse and resolve practical issues in starting a business under challenging conditions; understand how accelerator programmes work in an African context; appreciate how partnerships can be leveraged to foster entrepreneurship; evaluate relevant business models and their challenges to grow enterprises; and understand the social entrepreneurship journey of a founder. Case overview/synopsis In March 2019, Elena Gaffurini, managing partner of DEV Mozambique (DEV), sat down to evaluate the business. DEV, based in Maputo and launched in 2015, was a consulting and services company supporting entrepreneurial development in Mozambique, by training and supporting small businesses in agricultural-related sectors to improve food security. Gaffurini – a self-proclaimed purpose-driven person – now questioned whether DEV’s impact on social and economic development was significant enough to justify the effort she and her team put into it and whether DEV should reconsider its current business model to create more impact. Complexity academic level Postgraduate: MBA and Executive Education. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.

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Brunie, Aurélie, Diana Rutherford, Emily B. Keyes y Samuel Field. "Economic benefits of savings groups in rural Mozambique". International Journal of Social Economics 44, n.º 12 (4 de diciembre de 2017): 1988–2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-04-2015-0103.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of savings and loan groups (SGs), alone and combined with a rotating labor scheme (Ajuda Mútua), on the economic conditions of the rural poor in Nampula province in Mozambique. Design/methodology/approach Three pairs of districts were randomized into receiving SG, SG and AM, or no intervention. The study used a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design. Data from a longitudinal survey of 1,276 households were analyzed using difference-in-difference estimation to assess the impact of SGs on income and asset ownership. Thematic analysis of in-depth interviews with 72 program participants explored specific contributions of SGs to economic outcomes. Findings Survey results show that program participation had a significant, positive impact on income and asset ownership. Qualitative results indicate that SGs allowed households to bridge seasonal food consumption gaps and meet cash needs during crises. Accumulated savings supported asset purchases. Program activities supported agricultural activity, but enterprise development had limited scope. Challenges to economic development included cultural aversion to risk, inadequate agricultural inputs, low market integration, and limited business opportunities. Practical implications SGs helped reduce vulnerability to stress events. Programs should analyze the wider structural context to foster a positive enabling environment, and combine SGs with relevant enterprise development services for additional benefits. Originality/value The importance of savings is increasingly acknowledged, but the contributions and limitations of SGs are not fully understood. This paper also highlights the role of structural context, which remains undervalued in the literature.

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Osuka, Kennedy, Sérgio Rosendo, Michael Riddell, Jeremy Huet, Mario Daide, Ercilio Chauque y Melita Samoilys. "Applying a Social–Ecological Systems Approach to Understanding Local Marine Management Trajectories in Northern Mozambique". Sustainability 12, n.º 9 (11 de mayo de 2020): 3904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093904.

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This study applied the social–ecological systems framework (SESF) to six fishing communities in northern Mozambique where marine resource management is being implemented through the Our Sea Our Life project. Data on 11 variables and 27 indicators were organised using the SESF to represent the key system dimensions (Governance system, Actors, Resource units and Resource system). Variables within each dimension were weighed to a cumulative score of one. High scores (> 0.50) for Governance system occurred where communities had fisheries management rules and good knowledge of fishing gear regulations. High scores for Actors were evident in communities with few migrant fishers and high participation in village savings and loans associations. Elevated scores of the Resource units occurred where fishers targeted a variety of fish taxa. A healthy Resource system was found in communities neighbouring highly productive and resilient reefs, characterised by high fish biomass and diversity. The status of social and ecological conditions coupled with initial levels of project support and quality of technical support were linked with project achievements. Application of the SESF is therefore valuable in understanding interdependent linkages between social and environmental conditions to inform the design of localised management interventions for social–ecological sustainability.

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Marassiro, Mateus João, Marcelo Leles Romarco de Oliveira y Sergio Feliciano Come. "Three Decades of Agricultural Extension in Mozambique: Between Advances and Setbacks". Journal of Agricultural Studies 8, n.º 2 (10 de marzo de 2020): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v8i2.16647.

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This article aims to analyze the intervention in the area of public agrarian extension in Mozambique, taking into consideration the trajectory of this policy in this country. The methodology used is the literature review and consultation of documents that guide the agrarian extension in the country. Documentary analysis of plans and programs that address the theme was performed, as well as the consultation of articles available on Google scholar published between 2000 and 2019, which brought discussions about agrarian extension. The results suggest that the intervention of extension technicians is still low. This reality may be associated with the fragility of agricultural extension sector policies and agricultural policies that support the area. The verified data demonstrate that the number of extensionists tends to increase, but the rate of farmers who benefit from these services tends to reduce. Low coverage of extension services and poor consideration of farmers’ social economic conditions at ultimately contribute to low rates of agricultural productivity. Therefore, agrarian extension services should be taken as a fundamental support instrument for farmers, contributing to the increase of agricultural production and productivity and to the improvement of economic social and commercial conditions in Mozambican agriculture. Therefore, it is considered relevant for Mozambique to develop land extension policies and implement them to enable greater capillarity with farmers.

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Joaquim, José Amilton y Luísa Cerdeira. "FINANCIAL ACCESSIBILITY IN COST-SHARING POLICIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION IN MOZAMBIQUE". International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, n.º 9 (26 de septiembre de 2020): 71–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i9.2020.1403.

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The massive growth of the student population in higher education institutions has challenged traditional forms of public funding, and cost-sharing policies have been one of the options used by governments. In this sharing, it is important that, depending on the social and economic characteristics of students, issues related to equity and accessibility are safeguarded. This study seeks to understand how cost-sharing policies – taking into account the direct costs of attending higher education, indirect costs, other living expenses and the Mozambicans’ social and economic features – can help or hamper the access to higher education in Mozambique. The selected empirical research contexts encompass eight higher education institutions in the province of Gaza – universities and polytechnics – from the public and private sectors. Empirical data were collected from a questionnaire implemented with higher education students; furthermore, the authors carried out a document analysis on the financing of higher education in Mozambique and worldwide. Allows concluding that, in Mozambique, the cost-sharing model follows a dual-track policy. Also, the part of the financing still ensured by the State is far from meeting the real needs of students and families, due to the high study and living costs, which are well above the students/families’ income. There is no diversification of social support for students, and the only help students have comes from scholarships, whose allocation process is inefficient. This calls into question the issues of higher education equity and accessibility, especially for families with the lowest socio-economic conditions in the country.

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AGADJANIAN, V. "Trapped on the Margins: Social Characteristics, Economic Conditions, and Reproductive Behaviour of Internally Displaced Women in Urban Mozambique". Journal of Refugee Studies 11, n.º 3 (1 de enero de 1998): 284–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrs/11.3.284.

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Bussotti, Luca y Charles Torres. "THE RISK MANAGEMENT OF ISLAMIC TERRORISM IN A FRAGILE STATE: THE CASE OF MOZAMBIQUE". Problems of Management in the 21st Century 15, n.º 1 (10 de junio de 2020): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/10.33225/pmc/20.15.09.

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Islamic terrorism has been a serious threat for Eastern and Southern Africa since the 1990s. Many of these African countries have developed different forms of struggle against Islamic terrorism, from a military intervention to social policies, in order to improve the general socio-economic conditions for society as a whole. In Mozambique, no specific measure was adopted to cope the diffusion of terrorism, leaving that radicalized forms of Islamism spread in particular in Cabo Delgado, a Northern Province bordering with Tanzania. Research aimed at approaching Islamic terrorism in Cabo Delgado according to the strategy of risk prevention and risk management by Mozambican State. This study demonstrates that during the second term of Guebuza as a Chief of State, Mozambique had to face three different, potential threats. Nevertheless, Mozambican government identified two of these threats as a priority (namely Somali piracy in Mozambique Channel and Renamo´s action), neglecting possible Islamic terrorist attacks in Cabo Delgado Province. This study demonstrates – using privileged witnesses as well as open sources available in the public sphere - that this choice was typical of a fragile and authoritarian State. Firstly, it was not based on an objective risk analysis, but on political as well as on patrimonial interests of political elite, and secondly local civil society could not oppose any resistance. This choice allowed radical Islamic groups to grow undisturbed in Cabo Delgado, until carrying out violent attacks from October 2017, which Mozambican government seems unable to counter until today. Keywords: Cabo Delgado Province, Mozambican State, religious extremism, risk prevention.

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Sabonete, Sérgio Abílio, Helga Santa Comba Lopes, David Pascoal Rosado y João Carlos Gonçalves dos Reis. "Quality of Work Life According to Walton’s Model: Case Study of the Higher Institute of Defense Studies of Mozambique". Social Sciences 10, n.º 7 (25 de junio de 2021): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10070244.

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The quality of life at work has been one of the most important aspects to be considered by a given organization to achieve pre-defined objectives. Thus, this research aims to analyze the level of satisfaction with the quality of work life (QWL) of the employees of the Higher Institute of Defense Studies “Lieutenant-General Armando Emílio Guebuza” (ISEDEF) according to Walton’s model. A conceptual framework was built through a bibliographic and literature review. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire applied to 97 military and civilian personnel in August 2019. The results show that the general level of satisfaction with QWL is moderate, requiring an improvement in living conditions so that military education and training continues, as well as the development of models that enable the realization of benefits according to the social and economic level in the country.

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Shaffer, L. Jen y Leocadia Naiene. "Why Analyze Mental Models of Local Climate Change? A Case from Southern Mozambique". Weather, Climate, and Society 3, n.º 4 (1 de octubre de 2011): 223–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-10-05004.1.

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Abstract People construct mental models of local climate change based on their observations and experiences of past climate events and changes. These mental models offer critical insight into locally important factors that trigger responses to new climate conditions and can be used to ground-truth regional climate models. In this paper, the authors explore mental models of changes to local climate patterns and climate-associated environmental changes over the past 45 years (1963–2008) in two rural communities in Matutúine District, Mozambique. Interview results are compared to data from a regional weather station. Residents discuss temperature increases, short-term and long-term precipitation changes, and altered seasonal timing. Measurable climate change in this region includes increasing temperatures and more erratic rainfall leading to drought and altered season timing. The climate-associated environmental changes residents observed draw attention to links between local livelihood practices and climate, as well as emphasize changes that would not necessarily appear in regional climate models. Such changes include reduced crop and wild fruit production, fewer cattle, variable forest size, increased wildfires and elephant conflict, drying up of water sources, poor health, and cultural change. Differences between adjacent communities highlight the potential interaction of landscape and vegetation variability, gender, and livelihoods in observations and experiences of climate change and demonstrate how mental models can provide insight into local ecological patterns and processes.

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Groes-Green, Christian. "Safe sex pioneers: class identity, peer education and emerging masculinities among youth in Mozambique". Sexual Health 6, n.º 3 (2009): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh09021.

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Studies on sexual behaviour within the area of HIV prevention in sub-Saharan Africa have largely focussed on unsafe sex and obstacles to condom use rather than examined factors potentially favouring safe sex. The present study examines how class, gender and peer education affects safe sex in male youth and identifies the reasons behind condom use by combining a questionnaire survey with ethnographic fieldwork. Findings from the field study among male secondary school youth in Maputo, Mozambique point to middle class youth from urban schools as more likely to use condoms than working class youth from suburban schools. Examining the meanings behind use or non-use of condoms the study identified narratives in middle class youth favouring safe sex in response to better social conditions, career opportunities and ‘modern’ masculinities, whereas working class youth explained non-use of condoms as due to lack of hope and job opportunities and by reference to fatalist ideas that life is out of their hands and that it’s better to ‘live in the moment’.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Mozambique – Social conditions"

Sumich, James Michael. "Elites and modernity in Mozambique". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2005. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/831/.

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This thesis examines the connections between ideologies of modernity and social power for three interrelated sets of elites in Mozambique. My research is based on 20 months of ethnographic fieldwork primarily, but not solely, among the now adult children of high-ranking members of Frelimo (Mozambican Liberation Front, the ruling party since independence) and those closely associated with the party in the capital city of Maputo. It examines how elites’ transforming relationship to the project of modernity has allowed them to survive periods of dramatic social change while maintaining power, although in a modified form. The thesis argues that “local” understandings of modernity held by dominant groups in Mozambique have created the wider political field that unifies elites and creates the parameters in which they operate. It allows them both to control the positions that underwrite their social power and to attempt to justify their positions of power. The thesis examines the source of elites’ social dominance and how it has been transformed over the generations. I also investigate how recent social, political and economic changes have created a growing backlash among social groups who were once Frelimo’s strongest supporters. The thesis argues that through the acquisition and monopolisation of “modern” skills, such as high levels of education, elites can survive contested legitimacy because there are few who seem capable of replacing them.

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Taplin, Aisha Jane. "Coping strategies for social well-being and social development intervention : young women and unintended pregnancy in Mozambique". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/72364/.

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Using the concept of coping strategies, this thesis is essentially concerned with the way young women in Mozambique achieve social well-being during the life event of unintended pregnancy. Unintended pregnancy in Mozambique places significant strain on informal and formal relationships, educational access, economic stability and the maintenance of good health. It also has significant implications for young women’s roles, responsibilities and status within families and communities (CEDAW 2005). Twenty one qualitative semi-structured individual interviews were completed with young women (16-19 years old) who have recently had an unintended pregnancy, as well as eight focus groups using a vignette with young women (16–21 years old) from youth associations and fourteen individual interviews with key informants (those working in the area of sexual and reproductive health with youth and adolescents). From these three forms of rich data, the relationships young women have with others, the negotiations they engage in and the coping strategies they employ are illuminated. This research contributes to an increased understanding of unintended pregnancy and the ways young women respond and ‘cope’ with this life event (as a process) largely via different forms of social interaction. The chosen methodology was designed to elicit this type of knowledge drawing on different disciplinary interpretations of coping strategies. Although unintended or early pregnancy in young women has developed as a key social development concern in recent years (Hainsworth 2002; Mahy 2002; Westoff 2003; UNFPA 2007), this research indicates that policy strategists in Mozambique struggle to develop adequate and effective intervention in response. The narratives shared by young women, and the analysis developed through chapters four to seven builds a complex picture for intervention, as family relationships remain a major factor for social and economic well-being. The socially and culturally constructed nature and predominant location within families mean that macro strategies and community level intervention has limited impact during unintended pregnancy. Strengthening relational strategies (both formal and informal) through social development intervention is therefore necessary for young women to access social and organisational resources for coping and social well-being. By using the concept of coping strategies, the juxtaposition of ‘copers’ and ‘non-copers’, the relationship between agency and structure, the strategies employed at different levels, the significance of social interaction and coping as a process has been opened up to scrutiny. This thesis not only evaluates and critiques models of social development, but also argues that the concept of coping strategies can be usefully applied to inform social development in ways that address both individual and collective wellbeing.

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Da, Costa Morais Isabel Maria. "Creolised and colonised : the history and future of the Macanese and Mozambican Chinese /". Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43895669.

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Devor, Camilla Pahle. "An analysis of the continuation and expansion of transnational organized crime : the case of human trafficking in Mozambique". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85843.

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Thesis (MA)-- Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In 1992, warring factions in Mozambique put an end to 15 years of violence and instability. By signing the General Peace Accord in Rome, the civil war was officially over, and postconflict reconstruction could begin. The post-conflict state has been struggling with high poverty, weak infrastructure and the burden of returning refugees as well as internally displaced people (IDP’s) in the aftermath of the war. Moreover, in recent years, increasing domestic activity on the part of transnational criminal syndicates has become a major national and regional security dilemma. In this study, Mozambique, as a post-conflict state has been examined to identify the most important factors that lead to the increase and continuation in transnational crime in terms of human trafficking. Using prevailing state theories and post-conflict theories within the field of Political Science and analyzing Mozambique from the conceptual theoretical lenses of Max Weber, Charles Tilly, Shmuel N. Eistenstadt, and several other scholars, it is argued that there are numerous elements present within the state that have led to an increase in crime. These are first and foremost the (neo) patrimonial features of the state, corrupt state-officials, the state’s pluralist legal-system and a general lack of public trust in the legitimacy of the government. Incomplete post-conflict reconstruction efforts, resulting in lack of public goods, such as health-care, schooling and jobs along with a culture of exploitation and objectification of women and deep-rooted gender-inequality in Mozambique is argued to provide criminal syndicates with an opportunity to capitalize on organized crimes such as trafficking of humans. In recent years, positive developments manifest themselves through the international recognition of human trafficking and domestic ratifications of international laws and protocols to combat human trafficking. While Mozambique has ratified “The Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children” this study reveals state factors that make the elimination of the crime of human trafficking in Mozambique difficult. The findings of the study are symbolic of a globalized problem. Combating transnational crime does not depend solely on international, regional and domestic cooperation through laws and regulations; it also necessitates increased national efforts in dealing with the root-causes of trafficking and to increase the political and public awareness in the country towards this human rights violation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In 1992 het strydende groepe in Mosambiek 'n einde gemaak aan 15 jaar van geweld en onstabiliteit. Met die ondertekening van die Algemene Vredesverdrag in Rome, is die burgeroorlog amptelik beëindig en post-konflik rekonstruksie kon begin. Die post-konflik staat het gesukkel met hoë armoede, swak infrastruktuur en die las van terugkerende vlugtelinge en interne verplaasde persone in die nadraai van die oorlog. Daarbenewens het toenemende plaaslike aktiwiteite van transnasionale kriminele sindikate in die afgelope jare 'n groot nasionale en streeks-sekuriteitsdilemma geword. In hierdie studie is Mosambiek as 'n post-konflik staat geanaliseer om die mees belangrike faktore wat tot die toename in transnasionale misdaad (in terme van mensehandel) gelei het, te identifiseer. Deur gebruik te maak van bestaande staatsteorieë en post-konflik teorieë in die veld van Politieke Wetenskap en deur Mosambiek te analiseer uit die teoretiese blik van Max Weber, Charles Tilly, Shmuel N. Eistenstadt, en andere, word daar geargumenteer dat daar verskeie elemente binne die staat is wat tot dié toename in misdaad gelei het. Allereers is die neo(patrimoniale) kenmerke van die staat, korrupte staatsamptenare, die pluralistiese regstelsel en algemene gebrek aan publieke vertroue in die regering. Daar word geargumenteer dat onvolledige post-konflik rekonstruksie, wat 'n tekort aan publieke goedere soos gesondheidsorg, opvoeding en werk tot gevolg het, tesame met 'n kultuur van die seksualisering van vroue en diep-gewortelde geslagsongelykheid in die staat, vir kriminele sindikate geleenthede vir organiseerde misdaad soos mensehandel bied. In die afgelope jare het positiewe ontwikkelinge gemanifisteer deur die internationale erkenning van mensehandel en die plaaslike bekragtigings van internationale wette en protokols om mensehandel te bestry. Alhoewel Mosambiek "The Protocol to Prevent, Supress and Punish Traffickin in Persons, especially Women and Children" bekragtig het, toon die studie dat sekere staatsfaktore die uitwissing van mensehandel in Mosambiek moeilik maak. Die bevindinge van die studie is simbolies van 'n globaliseerde probleem; die bestryding van transnasionale misdaad berus nie net op internasionale, streek en plaaslike samewerking deur wette en regulasies nie, maar dit noodsaak ook verhoogde nasionale inspanning om die grondoorsake van mensehandel te hanteer en om politieke en publieke bewustheid omtrent dié menseregteskending in die land te verhoog.

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Bellucci, Stefano. "Le Mozambique à l'heure néo-libérale : bonne gouvernance et ONG". Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA111010.

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Mira, Feliciano de. "Les élites et les entreprises au Mozambique : globalisation, systèmes de pouvoir et reclassements sociaux (1987-1999)". Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0073.

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La thèse a été écrite avec une préoccupation de fidélité à l’analyse documentaire, surtout les sources primaires, selon une approche pluridisciplinaire des paramètres définis par les hypothèses et les variables et de la recherche. L'explication détaillée, se complète avec l’analyse du contenu des images. Ensemble, elles cherchent à expliquer et à rapprocher la parole et la visibilité afin de profiter des potentialités interactives entre la communication textuelle et visuelle. Je suis parti d'un cadre construit par plusieurs auteurs occidentaux, africanistes et africains, afin de constituer une grille analytique élargie, allant du général au particulier et du collectif à l'individuel. Je commence par articuler les systèmes politique et économique, pour, à travers des éléments qui les composent, atteindre le cadre et l’action des élites. La figure sociale des élites est caractérisée à partir des variables explicatives des institutions et de leurs titulaires, au sein du processus historique. La chronologie historique précise la date des faits dans lesquels se coule l’analyse sociologique. Les dynamiques internes du pouvoir sont d’importance cruciale pour la transformation des pouvoirs et des élites, tout comme la reproduction des élites dépend du positionnement de chaque élite durant les moments les plus marquants de la construction de l’État moderne mozambicain. La sélection et la reproduction sont intrinsèques aux faits matériels de l'histoire récente, où le « politicien- entrepreneur » joue un rôle déterminant. La structure du pouvoir politique et économique des élites est relativement autonome par rapport aux dynamiques sociales mozambicaines. La formation sociale du marché est un réseau d’itinéraires controversés et de chemins insolites, où la modernité économique est remplacée par certains aspects de la modernisation occidentale. La distance entre les élites et le peuple s’est intensifiée sous la tutelle de la globalisation et au nom de la renaissance africaine
The thesis was written, according to a multi-field approach of the parameters preset by the variables and the assumptions of research, in order to constitute a widened analytical grid. The social figure of the elites is characterized starting from the explanatory variables of the institutions and their holders, within the historical process. The internal dynamics of the power are of crucial importance for the transformation of the powers and of the elites, just as the reproduction of the elites depends on the positioning of each elite during the most outstanding moments of the construction of the Mozambican modern State. The selection and the reproduction are intrinsic with the material facts of the recent history, in which (where) the “politician- entrepreneur ” plays a determining part. The structure of the political and economical power of the elites is relatively autonomous compared to the Mozambican social dynamics. The social formation of the market is a network of controversial routes, where the economical modernity is replaced by certain aspects of the Western modernization, under the supervision of the globalisation and in the name of the African rebirth

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Nunes, Célia Regina. "Incorporation et exclusion dans la société du travail : l'échec de la modernisation au Mozambique". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010634.

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Ce travail analyse l'identité entre les programmes de développement des pays périphériques - capitalistes et socialistes réels - et les grandes lignes des formations sociales domestique et capitaliste, dans la période coloniale, dans celle du socialisme réel et dans la phase actuelle, au Mozambique. Malgré sa victoire politique ayant permis la substitution des capitalistes privés par l'état dans le contrôle des moyens de production fondamentaux, le socialisme n'a pas su éviter la débâcle économique et sociale. La lutte pour la modernisation de la société contre le "traditionnel" s'est déroulée sous la logique du travail dans sa forme abstraite et, partant, par la nécessité de transformer la population rurale en force de travail "libre". Le socialisme réel s'est caractérisé pour être une formation sociale spécifique du même système capitaliste, ayant implosé par ses propres fondements, par le fait d'être un état d'exception de l'économie qui a fini par confirmer la règle. De périphérie du système-monde, à l'époque du colonialisme, le Mozambique est passé par le projet socialiste qui a tenté de rompre avec sa condition de périphérie, et il tend aujourd'hui à occuper une place de marginalité relative dans le système, dans le cadre de la troisième révolution industrielle
The dissertation focuses on the identity between development programmes in peripheric countries - both capitalist and socialist ones - and the great lines of capitalist and domestic social formations during colonial, socialist and current times in mozambique. In spite of the political victory which allowed for the substitution of private capitalists by the state in the control of the basic means of production, socialism was not able to avoid an economic and social debacle. The struggle for the improvement of society against the "traditional" system was carried out through the logic of labour in its abstract form. Hence the necessity to transform the rural population into a free labour force. Socialism stood out for being a social formation inside the capitalist system itself. This system crumbled on its own foundations. It was an exceptional state of the economy that, however, would become the exception that confirms the rule. From being in the periphery of the world system under colonialism, through the failure of the socialist project to put an end to its peripheric condition, mozambique today tends to play a relatively marginal role within the world-system in the third industrial revolution

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Chilengue, Nárcya Da Piedade A. M. "The relationship between Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Community-Based Organizations (CBOs), in implementing development projects in Mozambique". Thesis, 2014.

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This study describes and reflects on the partnership between Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and Community-Based Organisations (CBOs) in implementing development projects in Mozambique. This is a qualitative case study, whose methods of data collection were in-depth semi-structured interviews and document analysis. The study was conducted with two NGOs (one international and one national) and with four CBOs and it took place in Nampula and Gaza provinces and the capital Maputo. The data were analyzed using quantitative method. NGOs and CBOs are different entities in terms of their levels of actuation, responsibilities, nature, and also differ in terms of resources, such as access to information, funding sources and human resources. These differences have raised questions around the possibility of the establishment of an equitable and properly functioning partnership between entities that differ so much in na}ure. The NGOs depend majorly on external funds to support the CBOs; however they also rely on their own funds or funds made available by local funders' institutions. Equally, the CBOs also undertake, some income activity generation, whose income is used for their own institutional expenses and also to support some community needs, though they rely mostly on funds provided by the NGOs. The central idea of this study is that despite the differences between NGOs and CBOs they can establish a balanced partnership based on the recognition of the contribution of each partner and on the significance both attribute to the partnership. The differences constitute the basis of the partnership which in turn allows the acquisition of mutual benefits, recognition and sharing of power. In terms of theoretical framework, I have used Agency theory wherein the NGO is the "Principal" which in a relationship governed by a contract delegates the CBOs as the "Agent" of the implementation of projects in the communities. vii The results showed that the partnership between NGOs and CBOs is characterised by complementarities, mutual benefits, exchange, contribution, and sharing of power by both. The partnership is also based on recognition of the weaknesses, strengths and value of each pa1iner which give place to a balanced partnership. However being a balanced partnership it is also characterised by conflicts that result from the difference of interest between NGOs and CBOs. Risk constitutes another element that characterizes this partnership since the NGOs delegate the CBOs the implementation of the project and not always the CBOs will perform as it is advocated in the contract. Though, as the partnership is valuable for both, NGOs and CBOs will engage in developing strategies for minimising the potential risk in order to maintain and maximise the partnership. The data also showed that the locus of conflict and risk are essentially linked to misusage of money. Since the CBOs implement the project and are institutionally independent from the NGOs, the NGOs develop some strategies of control to ensure that the CBOs will act in accordance of what the contract advocates. It is within these strategies wherein the conflict arises, especidlly because the CBOs do not always understand some of the strategies adopted by NGOs to ensure the accomplishment of the contract what led the CBOs also to adopt some strategies of resistance. In terms of power and decision-making the data showed that both exercise different kind of power and the CBOs influence the decision-making process, though the NGOs showed to have greater control over the process. The contribution of this study to the existing literature lies in the fact that it brings a different approach to the power relations between NGOs and CBOs, which is usually seen as a relationship of the exercise of power by the NGOs over the CBOs. The study seeks to show that the strategies of resistance, counter power and negotiation developed by the CBOs constitute a different form of exercise of power and influence. It also shows that the CBOs are not passive actors in the partnership because they develop strategies to influence and attract the NGOs in the establishment of partnership and decision-making throughout the project cycle.

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Mazive, Angelica Zuca. "Development, sin and salvation : lessons from the Millennium Declaration, NEPAD and the Kingdom of God for the Union Baptist Church of Mozambique". Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2096.

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This thesis discusses issues relating to development, sin and salvation. It examines the development visions of the Millennium Declaration and NEPAD Documents and compares them with the values of the Kingdom of God. It identifies some lessons from the Millennium Declaration and NEPAD Documents, and the Kingdom of God for the Union Baptist Church of Mozambique. These lessons are to help the denomination as it involves itself in the mission of the Kingdom of God in the community in Mozambique. The thesis argues that there is a relationship between the visions of the Millennium Declaration and the NEPAD Documents, and the values of the Kingdom of God on a number of issues such as the issues of sickness, orphans, vulnerability, gender inequality, poverty, the poor, hunger, unemployment, oppression, exploitation, wars, crime, violence against women and children, injustice and corruption. The Kingdom of God is about love, health, well-being for all, care, justice, unity and solidarity; harmony, life, peace, freedom, restoration, acceptance, righteousness, community, and salvation that includes both spiritual and physical salvation of the whole person both now in this life before death and after death. However, the thesis argues that the eschatological aspect of the Kingdom of God helps us see that sin is deeply rooted in human life, and even our best efforts at development will not rid the world of sin. The Church therefore has to remind society of this deeper sin, and to proclaim the gospel of the forgiveness of sins, while struggling with the evidence of that sin in poverty, sickness, injustice and violence. The church, especially the Union Baptist Church of Mozambique, has to be a key player in striving for Kingdom values. The church is called to holistic and integral mission. It should take a leading role in the issues that concern our people and society today, because that is doing the will of God. The commandment to love our neighbour as we love ourselves has to be expressed through our participation in integral mission, which is concerned with all human beings and all God's creation. The shalom of the Kingdom has to be experienced by all, and the church must be the means through which shalom is realised.
Thesis (M.Th.)-University of KwaZulu- Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2004.

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Nzabilinda, Anastase. "Environment, livelihoods and the church in Mozambique : a theological reflection". Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1863.

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This thesis concerns the relationship between poverty and the environment in Mozambique, and the response that is required from the Church. It is a way to describe and analyse the situation, and also to provide possible strategies for the Church. The thesis begins by providing a general overview of the environmental crisis in Africa at present. Then, drawing on field-work in the Matutuine District of Mozambique, and making considerable use of the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework, it provides an indepth description and analysis of people's livelihood strategies, noting the strong link between poverty and the environment, and how there is a cause and effect relationship between them. In order for the Church to respond in an adequate fashion, the thesis provides theological resources for caring for the environment, and then ends with a range of strategies which the Church can be engaged in. The key findings of the thesis are that, given the immense vulnerability of the poor in Mozambique, households have very little access to human, social, financial and physical capital, and so are forced to rely upon the existing natural capital for survival. Livelihood strategies involve subsistence farming, charcoal production and hunting, all of which deplete the natural resource base, and yet there is no commitment to restore the base which provides these things. Thus these strategies are unsustainable and require a response from the church. The thesis concludes with a range of practical strategies for the Church including awakening people to their obligations as creatures on earth, being involved in holistic mission, responding to pollution, deforestation and land degradation, contributing to and enhancing existing livelihood strategies, contributing to food security, and supporting people in small scale farming practices.
Thesis (M.Th.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2005.

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Libros sobre el tema "Mozambique – Social conditions"

Ayisi, Ruth Ansah. Mozambique. Maputo, Mozambique: UNICEF, 1992.

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Ximena, Andrade, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane. Centro de Estudos Africanos., Fórum Mulher (Mozambique) y Southern African Research and Documentation Centre. Women in Development Southern Africa Awareness., eds. Women in Mozambique: A profile of women in Mozambique. Maputo, Mozambique: Centre for African Studies, University of Eduardo Mondlane, 2000.

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M, Denny L. y Ray Donald Iain 1949-, eds. Mozambique. London: Pinter Publishers, 1989.

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Mozambique mysteries. London: Virago, 2007.

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Mozambique: Rising from the ashes. Oxford, UK: Oxfam, 1996.

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Gross, Daniel R. Mozambique social and institutional profile: Report and annotated bibliography. Washington, D.C: Development Alternatives, Inc., 1989.

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Middleton, Nicholas J. Kalashnikovs and zombie cucumbers: Travelsin Mozambique. London: Phoenix, 1995.

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Keteleer, Hilde. De brug van dromen: Onderweg naar het nieuwe Mozambique. Tielt: Lannoo, 2011.

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Mozambique: The revolution under fire. London: Zed Books, 1990.

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Mozambique: Who calls the shots? London: J. Currey, 1991.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Mozambique – Social conditions"

Ali, Rosimina. "Job Creation and Social Conditions of Labor in the Forestry Agro-Industry in Mozambique". En The Palgrave Handbook of Agricultural and Rural Development in Africa, 571–610. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41513-6_26.

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Chirisa, Innocent, Liaison Mukarwi y Abraham Rajab Matamanda. "Social Costs and Benefits of the Transformation of the Traditional Families in an African Urban Society". En Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 179–97. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2659-9.ch009.

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This chapter analysed the social costs and benefits of changing lifestyles and livelihoods adopted by the families in Africa to fit in the obtaining urban environments. The transformation is in a way to minimise the cost and maximise the benefits of urbanism. The net overall effect of the transformation has been increasing household poverty signified by poor incomes, family instability, increased nucleation of families and disbanding of family rural ties for the city. In most cases, this means increased vulnerability and insecurity of the traditional family. How then do the urbanised traditional families cope with city pressures? The study draws cases from South Africa, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Nigeria, Ethiopia and Egypt these being countries where urbanisation levels are in critical variation due to varying circumstances including the removal of apartheid restrictions, armed conflict, economic instability, population explosion, existence of pristine conditions, possibility of overurbanisation and proclivity to maintaining tradition, respectively.

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"period. Of these 14, only three, namely, the Philippines, Thailand and Sri Lanka, appeared at a rough glance, to have met the two balances. In most of the others, the rate of growth of food production, even when keeping abreast of population growth, was not sufficient to accommodate increases in food demand that should be allowed for at normal rates out of additional incomes. Mozambique, Ethiopia and Nicaragua put in a dismal showing with staggering declines in the index of per capita food production, although the reference period straddles the systemic breaks in these countries. India conforms to the general pattern of doing rather better in terms of the overall growth and, therefore, of the labour absorption experience than in terms of the food balance relation. Three conditional conclusions seem to be justified: that it is only in exceptional cases that both balances have been maintained; that in the majority of cases, the experience with regard to overall growth has been better than that for the food sector, implying imbalanced growth; and that in the overwhelming number of cases, the food balance has been grossly violated. A few additional points need to be made. First, the twin balances as discussed only provide a floor level: the balances could also be maintained at much higher growth rates. Second, even when the balances are met, it is possible that other mechanisms operate which lead to the violations of the conditions which the balances were meant to protect. Thus, food production and employment might be sufficient, but if the foodgrains are politically prices (as in India), the result might be similar, from the point of view of the poor, to the situation where the food balance is violated. So also, the rate of employ-ment increase might be high enough, but the labour participation rate might rise for certain groups of the population while it drops for others, again implying, from the point of those left out, a violation of the employment balance. Third, even where one or both balances are violated, it is possible that there is a positive per capita growth rate of income in aggregate terms. Indeed, high per capita growth rates are more likely to be characterised by food imbalances than not. Fourth, these imbalances are partly ascribable to the nature of the growth process, but usually also in part to the nature of planning and policy priorities of the state. What happens when there are imbalances? While the pressures set up by imbalances are similar, the manner in which they are absorbed, and hence the social burden of the adjustment is quite different in socialist as against capitalist economies. When the EB is violated, the average number of dependents per employed person rises. If alongside this, per capita incomes are rising, then the question becomes one of an equitable sharing of the restricted employment opportunities . W ithin a capitalist framework, there is no way for this to happen; in a socialist economy, where the entitlement to work is universally guaranteed, there is an inbuilt redistributive mechanism which shares out the available benefits of employment - albeit with greater gains for the employed - between the employed and the unemployed population. When the FB is broken, then in a capitalist economy, the inequality of the distribution of income leads to an inflationary process which raises the price of food suf-ficiently to establish a new equilibrium, but at a point where the post facto income elasticity of demand for food is low enough to equilibriate effective". En The Agrarian Question in Socialist Transitions, 17. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203043493-3.

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