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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Mutant frequency"

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Publicado: 10 de marzo de 2023

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1

Curry, John, Larissa Karnaoukhova, Gabriel C. Guenette, and Barry W. Glickman. "Influence of Sex, Smoking and Age on Human hprt Mutation Frequencies and Spectra." Genetics 152, no. 3 (1999): 1065–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/152.3.1065.

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Abstract Examination of the literature for hprt mutant frequencies from peripheral T cells yielded data from 1194 human subjects. Relationships between mutant frequency, age, sex, and smoking were examined, and the kinetics were described. Mutant frequency increases rapidly with age until about age 15. Afterward, the rate of increase falls such that after age 53, the hprt mutant frequency is largely stabilized. Sex had no effect on mutant frequency. Cigarette smoking increased mean mutant frequency compared to nonsmokers, but did not alter age vs. mutant frequency relationships. An hprt in viv
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2

Tanimoto, Koichi, Haruyoshi Tomita, Shuhei Fujimoto, Katsuko Okuzumi, and Yasuyoshi Ike. "Fluoroquinolone Enhances the Mutation Frequency for Meropenem-Selected Carbapenem Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but Use of the High-Potency Drug Doripenem Inhibits Mutant Formation." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 52, no. 10 (2008): 3795–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00464-08.

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ABSTRACT The mutation frequency for carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains that were selected with carbapenems was enhanced in the presence of subinhibitory concentrations of fluoroquinolones. The mutants showed either a loss of OprD activity or increased mexAB-oprM expression. The highest mutant isolation frequency was obtained by selection with meropenem, while doripenem inhibited mutant growth.
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3

Magin, Gregory K., Steven H. Robison, Nancy Breslin, Richard Jed Wyatt, and Robert C. Alexander. "DNA repair and mutant frequency in schizophrenia." Mutation Research/DNA Repair 255, no. 3 (1991): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-8777(91)90027-m.

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4

Alexander, R. C., G. K. Magin, S. H. Robison, and R. J. Wyatt. "DNA repair and mutant frequency in schizophrenia." Schizophrenia Research 6, no. 2 (1992): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0920-9964(92)90100-j.

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5

Nishimura, Kenji, Shanna K. Johansen, Takashi Inaoka, et al. "Identification of the RsmG Methyltransferase Target as 16S rRNA Nucleotide G527 and Characterization of Bacillus subtilis rsmG Mutants." Journal of Bacteriology 189, no. 16 (2007): 6068–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00558-07.

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ABSTRACT The methyltransferase RsmG methylates the N7 position of nucleotide G535 in 16S rRNA of Bacillus subtilis (corresponding to G527 in Escherichia coli). Disruption of rsmG resulted in low-level resistance to streptomycin. A growth competition assay revealed that there are no differences in fitness between the rsmG mutant and parent strains under the various culture conditions examined. B. subtilis rsmG mutants emerged spontaneously at a relatively high frequency, 10−6. Importantly, in the rsmG mutant background, high-level-streptomycin-resistant rpsL (encoding ribosomal protein S12) mut
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6

Gnanamurthy, S., and D. Dhanavel. "Effect of EMS on Induced Morphological Mutants and Chromosomal Variation in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)." International Letters of Natural Sciences 22 (August 2014): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.22.33.

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Effect of EMS (ethyl methane sulphonate) on induced morphological mutants and chromosomal variation in cowpea was studied using five different doses of mutagen along with a control in randomized blocked design with three replications. The morphological mutants there are two types of viable and chlorophyll mutants. Viable mutant contains tall, dwarf, early maturity, late maturity, leaf mutants pod mutant and flower mutants. The frequency of chlorophyll mutant contains albino, xantha and viridis. This concentration can damage or modify important components of plant cells and have been reported t
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7

Gnanamurthy, S., and D. Dhanavel. "Effect of EMS on Induced Morphological Mutants and Chromosomal Variation in Cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> (L.) Walp)." International Letters of Natural Sciences 22 (August 5, 2014): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-i0xny2.

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Effect of EMS (ethyl methane sulphonate) on induced morphological mutants and chromosomal variation in cowpea was studied using five different doses of mutagen along with a control in randomized blocked design with three replications. The morphological mutants there are two types of viable and chlorophyll mutants. Viable mutant contains tall, dwarf, early maturity, late maturity, leaf mutants pod mutant and flower mutants. The frequency of chlorophyll mutant contains albino, xantha and viridis. This concentration can damage or modify important components of plant cells and have been reported t
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8

Ingham, Neil J., Navid Banafshe, Clarisse Panganiban, et al. "Inner hair cell dysfunction in Klhl18 mutant mice leads to low frequency progressive hearing loss." PLOS ONE 16, no. 10 (2021): e0258158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258158.

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Age-related hearing loss in humans (presbycusis) typically involves impairment of high frequency sensitivity before becoming progressively more severe at lower frequencies. Pathologies initially affecting lower frequency regions of hearing are less common. Here we describe a progressive, predominantly low-frequency recessive hearing impairment in two mutant mouse lines carrying different mutant alleles of the Klhl18 gene: a spontaneous missense mutation (Klhl18lowf) and a targeted mutation (Klhl18tm1a(KOMP)Wtsi). Both males and females were studied, and the two mutant lines showed similar phen
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9

Waddell, D. R., K. Duffy, and G. Vogel. "Cytokinesis is defective in Dictyostelium mutants with altered phagocytic recognition, adhesion, and vegetative cell cohesion properties." Journal of Cell Biology 105, no. 5 (1987): 2293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.105.5.2293.

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Mutants that have been selected for defects in phagocytic recognition, adhesion, and vegetative cell-cell cohesion were found to be larger and more highly multinucleate than their parent strain. This defect is associated with the complex mutant phenotype of these mutants since revertants of the mutants coordinately acquire the wild-type phenotype for all of the defects. The larger size and multinuclearity were due to a high frequency of failure of cytokinesis in cells of wild-type size. This was shown by purifying the small cells in mutant populations and observing their growth and cell divisi
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10

Criss, Alison K., Kevin M. Bonney, Rhoda A. Chang, Paul M. Duffin, Brian E. LeCuyer, and H. Steven Seifert. "Mismatch Correction Modulates Mutation Frequency and Pilus Phase and Antigenic Variation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae." Journal of Bacteriology 192, no. 1 (2009): 316–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01228-09.

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ABSTRACT The mismatch correction (MMC) system repairs DNA mismatches and single nucleotide insertions or deletions postreplication. To test the functions of MMC in the obligate human pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae, homologues of the core MMC genes mutS and mutL were inactivated in strain FA1090. No mutH homologue was found in the FA1090 genome, suggesting that gonococcal MMC is not methyl directed. MMC mutants were compared to a mutant in uvrD, the helicase that functions with MMC in Escherichia coli. Inactivation of MMC or uvrD increased spontaneous resistance to rifampin and nalidixic acid,
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11

Olczak, Adriana A., Jonathan W. Olson, and Robert J. Maier. "Oxidative-Stress Resistance Mutants of Helicobacter pylori." Journal of Bacteriology 184, no. 12 (2002): 3186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.184.12.3186-3193.2002.

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ABSTRACT Within a large family of peroxidases, one member that catalyzes the reduction of organic peroxides to alcohols is known as alkyl hydroperoxide reductase, or AhpC. Gene disruption mutations in the gene encoding AhpC of Helicobacter pylori (ahpC) were generated by screening transformants under low-oxygen conditions. Two classes of mutants were obtained. Both types lack AhpC protein, but the major class (type I) isolated was found to synthesize increased levels (five times more than the wild type) of another proposed antioxidant protein, an iron-binding, neutrophil-activating protein (Na
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12

Gao, Yue, Gaoyang Qu, Shengnan Huang, et al. "Comparison between Germinated Seed and Isolated Microspore EMS Mutagenesis in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis)." Horticulturae 8, no. 3 (2022): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8030232.

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Mutagenesis is an important tool for breeding and genomic research. In this study, the germinated seeds and isolated microspores of a double haploid line ‘FT’ were treated with EMS, respectively, with the aim of comparing the effects of the two approaches on generating mutants in Chinese cabbage. For microspore EMS mutagenesis, the isolated microspores were treated with 0.12% EMS for 20 min, a total of 1268 plantlets were obtained, and 15 M1 mutants were screened with a mutation frequency of 1.2%. For seed EMS mutagenesis, 7800 germinated seeds were treated with 0.8% EMS for 12 h, and a total
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13

McDonald, J. P., and R. Rothstein. "Unrepaired heteroduplex DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is decreased in RAD1 RAD52-independent recombination." Genetics 137, no. 2 (1994): 393–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/137.2.393.

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Abstract A direct repeat recombination assay between SUP4 heteroalleles detects unrepaired heteroduplex DNA (hDNA) as sectored colonies. The frequency of unrepaired heteroduplex is dependent on the mismatch and is highest in a construct that generates C:C or G:G mispairs and lowest in one that generates T:G or C:A mispairs. In addition, unrepaired hDNA increases for all mismatches tested in pms1 mismatch repair-deficient strains. These results support the notion that hDNA is formed across the SUP4 repeats during the recombination event and is then subject to mismatch repair. The effects of var
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14

Rader, Bethany A., Christopher Wreden, Kevin G. Hicks, Emily Goers Sweeney, Karen M. Ottemann, and Karen Guillemin. "Helicobacter pylori perceives the quorum-sensing molecule AI-2 as a chemorepellent via the chemoreceptor TlpB." Microbiology 157, no. 9 (2011): 2445–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.049353-0.

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Helicobacter pylori moves in response to environmental chemical cues using a chemotaxis two-component signal-transduction system. Autoinducer-2 (AI-2) is a quorum-sensing signal produced by the LuxS protein that accumulates in the bacterial environment in a density-dependent manner. We showed previously that a H. pylori luxS mutant was defective in motility on soft agar plates. Here we report that deletion of the luxS gene resulted in swimming behaviour with a reduced frequency of stops as compared to the wild-type strain. Stopping frequency was restored to wild-type levels by genetic compleme
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15

Galli, Alvaro, Tiziana Cervelli, and Robert H. Schiestl. "Characterization of the Hyperrecombination Phenotype of the pol3-t Mutation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 164, no. 1 (2003): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/164.1.65.

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Abstract The DNA polymerase δ (Pol3p/Cdc2p) allele pol3-t of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has previously been shown to increase the frequency of deletions between short repeats (several base pairs), between homeologous DNA sequences separated by long inverted repeats, and between distant short repeats, increasing the frequency of genomic deletions. We found that the pol3-t mutation increased intrachromosomal recombination events between direct DNA repeats up to 36-fold and interchromosomal recombination 14-fold. The hyperrecombination phenotype of pol3-t was partially dependent on the Rad52p funct
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16

Feil, Helene, William S. Feil, and Steven E. Lindow. "Contribution of Fimbrial and Afimbrial Adhesins of Xylella fastidiosa to Attachment to Surfaces and Virulence to Grape." Phytopathology® 97, no. 3 (2007): 318–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-97-3-0318.

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The role of fimbrial and afimbrial adhesins of Xylella fastidiosa in biofilm formation was assessed by visualization of cell aggregates of mutant strains after incubation on glass surfaces. FimA- or FimF- fimbrial mutants adhered as solitary cells at a slightly lesser frequency to glass surfaces than the parental strain; however, cell aggregates were not formed, unlike the wild-type strain. Conversely, whereas the XadA- and HxfB- nonfimbrial mutants also exhibited a much lower frequency of adherence to glass surfaces than the wild-type strain, most of the cells retained on the surfaces were in
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17

Shinohara, Miki, Emi Shita-Yamaguchi, Jean-Marie Buerstedde, Hideo Shinagawa, Hideyuki Ogawa, and Akira Shinohara. "Characterization of the Roles of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae RAD54 Gene and a Homologue of RAD54, RDH54/TID1, in Mitosis and Meiosis." Genetics 147, no. 4 (1997): 1545–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/147.4.1545.

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Abstract The RAD54 gene, which encodes a protein in the SW12/SNF2 family, plays an important role in recombination and DNA repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The yeast genome project revealed a homologue of RAD54, RDH54/TID1. Properties of the rdh54/tid1 mutant and the rad54 rdh54/tid1 double mutant are shown for mitosis and meiosis. The rad54 mutant is sensitive to the alkylating agent, methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), and is defective in interchromosomal and intrachromosomal gene conversion. The rdh54/tid1 single mutant, on the other hand, does not show any significant deficiency in mitosis.
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18

NIE, PU-YAN, and PEI-AI ZHANG. "EVOLUTIONARY GRAPHS WITH FREQUENCY DEPENDENT FITNESS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 04 (2009): 537–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209049905.

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Evolutionary graph theory was recently proposed by Lieberman et al. in 2005. In the previous papers about evolutionary graphs (EGs), the fitness of the residents in the EGs is in general assumed to be unity, and the fitness of a mutant is assumed to be a constant r. We aim to extend EG to general cases in this paper, namely, the fitness of a mutant is heavily dependent upon frequency. The corresponding properties for these new EGs are analyzed, and the fixation probability is obtained for large population.
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19

Martínez-González, Brenda, María Eugenia Soria, Lucía Vázquez-Sirvent, et al. "SARS-CoV-2 Mutant Spectra at Different Depth Levels Reveal an Overwhelming Abundance of Low Frequency Mutations." Pathogens 11, no. 6 (2022): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11060662.

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Populations of RNA viruses are composed of complex and dynamic mixtures of variant genomes that are termed mutant spectra or mutant clouds. This applies also to SARS-CoV-2, and mutations that are detected at low frequency in an infected individual can be dominant (represented in the consensus sequence) in subsequent variants of interest or variants of concern. Here we briefly review the main conclusions of our work on mutant spectrum characterization of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and SARS-CoV-2 at the nucleotide and amino acid levels and address the following two new questions derived from previo
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20

Xie, Yali, Chris Counter, and Eric Alani. "Characterization of the Repeat-Tract Instability and Mutator Phenotypes Conferred by a Tn3 Insertion in RFC1, the Large Subunit of the Yeast Clamp Loader." Genetics 151, no. 2 (1999): 499–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/151.2.499.

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Abstract The RFC1 gene encodes the large subunit of the yeast clamp loader (RFC) that is a component of eukaryotic DNA polymerase holoenzymes. We identified a mutant allele of RFC1 (rfc1::Tn3) from a large collection of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants that were inviable when present in a rad52 null mutation background. Analysis of rfc1::Tn3 strains indicated that they displayed both a mutator and repeat-tract instability phenotype. Strains bearing this allele were characterized in combination with mismatch repair (msh2Δ, pms1Δ), double-strand break repair (rad52), and DNA replication (pol3-01
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21

Fischetti, V. A., M. Jarymowycz, K. F. Jones, and J. R. Scott. "Streptococcal M protein size mutants occur at high frequency within a single strain." Journal of Experimental Medicine 164, no. 4 (1986): 971–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.164.4.971.

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Streptococcal M protein, the antiphagocytic molecule on the surface of the organism, was previously found to exhibit extensive size heterogeneity between as well as within M serotypes. In this study, methods were devised to isolate M protein size mutants within a laboratory-grown culture. We were able to isolate three independent M protein deletion mutants and one additional mutant, which was derived from the first deletion mutant. We found that these deletion mutants occur at a frequency of approximately 1 in 2 X 10(3) CFUs in culture. Functional studies revealed that the deletion mutants wer
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22

Wang, Hai-xin, Li Zhang, Zi-teng Liang, et al. "Infectivity and antigenicity of pseudoviruses with high-frequency mutations of SARS-CoV-2 identified in Portugal." Archives of Virology 167, no. 2 (2022): 459–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-021-05327-0.

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AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has had a major impact on global human health. During the spread of SARS-CoV-2, weakened host immunity and the use of vaccines with low efficacy may result in the development of more-virulent strains or strains with resistance to existing vaccines and antibodies. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 mutant strains differs between regions, and this variation may have an impact on the effectiveness of vaccines. In this study, an epidemiological investigation of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal was performed, and the VSV-ΔG-G* pseudovirus system
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23

Melton, D. W., A. M. Ketchen, F. Nunez, et al. "Cells from ERCC1-deficient mice show increased genome instability and a reduced frequency of S-phase-dependent illegitimate chromosome exchange but a normal frequency of homologous recombination." Journal of Cell Science 111, no. 3 (1998): 395–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.111.3.395.

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The ERCC1 protein is essential for nucleotide excision repair in mammalian cells and is also believed to be involved in mitotic recombination. ERCC1-deficient mice, with their extreme runting and polyploid hepatocyte nuclei, have a phenotype that is more reminiscent of a cell cycle arrest/premature ageing disorder than the classic DNA repair deficiency disease, xeroderma pigmentosum. To understand the role of ERCC1 and the link between ERCC1-deficiency and cell cycle arrest, we have studied primary and immortalised embryonic fibroblast cultures from ERCC1-deficient mice and a Chinese hamster o
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24

Inaoka, Takashi, Koji Kasai, and Kozo Ochi. "Construction of an In Vivo Nonsense Readthrough Assay System and Functional Analysis of Ribosomal Proteins S12, S4, and S5 in Bacillus subtilis." Journal of Bacteriology 183, no. 17 (2001): 4958–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.183.17.4958-4963.2001.

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ABSTRACT To investigate the function of ribosomal proteins and translational factors in Bacillus subtilis, we developed an in vivo assay system to measure the level of nonsense readthrough by utilizing the LacZ-LacI system. Using the in vivo nonsense readthrough assay system which we developed, together with an in vitro poly(U)-directed cell-free translation assay system, we compared the processibility and translational accuracy of mutant ribosomes with those of the wild-type ribosome. Like Escherichia coli mutants, most S12 mutants exhibited lower frequencies of both UGA readthrough and misse
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25

Zuñiga-Castillo, Jacobo, David Romero, and Jaime M. Martínez-Salazar. "The Recombination Genes addAB Are Not Restricted to Gram-Positive Bacteria: Genetic Analysis of the Recombination Initiation Enzymes RecF and AddAB in Rhizobium etli." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 23 (2004): 7905–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.23.7905-7913.2004.

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ABSTRACT Single-strand gaps (SSGs) and double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the major initiation sites for recombination. In bacteria, the SSGs are repaired by RecFOR, while the DSBs are processed by RecBCD in gram-negative bacteria and AddAB in gram-positive bacteria. Unexpectedly, instead of recBCD genes, the addAB genes were found in members of the α-proteobacteria group (gram negative). Taking Rhizobium etli as a model, the role of recF and addAB genes in homologous recombination and repair of damaged DNA was evaluated. Inactivation of either recF or addA provoked strong sensitivity to UV radia
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26

Canzoniero, Jenna VanLiere, Karen Cravero, and Ben Ho Park. "The Impact of Collisions on the Ability to Detect Rare Mutant Alleles Using Barcode-Type Next-Generation Sequencing Techniques." Cancer Informatics 16 (January 1, 2017): 117693511771923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1176935117719236.

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Barcoding techniques are used to reduce error from next-generation sequencing, with applications ranging from understanding tumor subclone populations to detecting circulating tumor DNA. Collisions occur when more than one sample molecule is tagged by the same unique identifier (UID) and can result in failure to detect very-low-frequency mutations and error in estimating mutation frequency. Here, we created computer models of barcoding technique, with and without amplification bias introduced by the UID, and analyzed the effect of collisions for a range of mutant allele frequencies (1e−6 to 0.
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27

Altmann, Thomas, Gisela Felix, Alison Jessop, et al. "Ac/Ds transposon mutagenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana: mutant spectrum and frequency of Ds insertion mutants." Molecular and General Genetics MGG 247, no. 5 (1995): 646–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00290357.

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28

Spormann, Alfred M., and Dale Kaiser. "Gliding Mutants of Myxococcus xanthuswith High Reversal Frequencies and Small Displacements." Journal of Bacteriology 181, no. 8 (1999): 2593–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.181.8.2593-2601.1999.

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ABSTRACT Myxococcus xanthus cells move on a solid surface by gliding motility. Several genes required for gliding motility have been identified, including those of the A- and S-motility systems as well as the mgl and frz genes. However, the cellular defects in gliding movement in many of these mutants were unknown. We conducted quantitative, high-resolution single-cell motility assays and found that mutants defective inmglAB or in cglB, an A-motility gene, reversed the direction of gliding at frequencies which were more than 1 order of magnitude higher than that of wild type cells (2.9 min−1fo
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29

Guest, J. R., and I. T. Creaghan. "Further Studies with Lipoamide Dehydrogenase Mutants of Escherichia coli k12." Microbiology 81, no. 1 (2000): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00221287-81-1-237.

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The immunological properties of ten lipoamide dehydrogenase mutants of Escherichia coli were investigated with antiserum raised against purified lipoamide dehydrogenase. Seven mutants were CRM+ (cross-reacting material present) as they contained lipoamide dehydrogenase proteins exhibiting either complete or partial immunological identity with the wild-type protein. This indicates that at least seven of the mutations affect the lipoamide dehydrogenase structural gene (lpd). The remaining three mutants (CRM-) contained no detectable cross-reacting protein. None of the lpd mutations were sensitiv
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30

Soria, Xavier, Felip Vilardell, Óscar Maiques, et al. "BRAFV600E Mutant Allele Frequency (MAF) Influences Melanoma Clinicopathologic Characteristics." Cancers 13, no. 20 (2021): 5073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13205073.

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Background: Cutaneous melanoma shows high variability regarding clinicopathological presentation, evolution and prognosis. Methods: Next generation sequencing was performed to analyze hotspot mutations in different areas of primary melanomas (MMp) and their paired metastases. Clinicopathological features were evaluated depending on the degree of variation of the BRAFV600E mutant allele frequency (MAF) in MMp. Results: In our cohort of 14 superficial spreading, 10 nodular melanomas and 52 metastases, 17/24 (71%) melanomas had a BRAFV600E mutation and 5/24 (21%) had a NRASQ61 mutation. We observ
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31

Curtsinger, J. W., and F. M. Sheen. "Frequency-Dependent Viability in Mutant Strains of Drosophila melanogaster." Journal of Heredity 82, no. 2 (1991): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111043.

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32

Lam, C. M. C., C. Chong, and J. T. Y. Wong. "A dinoflagellate mutant with higher frequency of multiple fission." Protoplasma 216, no. 1-2 (2001): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02680134.

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33

Ribeiro, Ruy M., Sebastian Bonhoeffer, and Martin A. Nowak. "The frequency of resistant mutant virus before antiviral therapy." AIDS 12, no. 5 (1998): 461–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002030-199805000-00006.

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34

Rice, Sederick C., Pamela M. Vacek, Alan H. Homans, et al. "Comparative analysis ofHPRT mutant frequency in children with cancer." Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 42, no. 1 (2003): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.10171.

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35

Hakoda, Masayuki, Mitoshi Akiyama, Seishi Kyoizumi, Akio A. Awa, Michio Yamakido, and Masanori Otake. "Increased somatic cell mutant frequency in atomic bomb survivors." Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 201, no. 1 (1988): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0027-5107(88)90109-1.

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36

Havekes, Francis W. J., J. Hans de Jong, and Christa Heyting. "Comparative analysis of female and male meiosis in three meiotic mutants of tomato." Genome 40, no. 6 (1997): 879–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-814.

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Female meiosis was analysed in squash preparations of ovules from three meiotic mutants and wild-type plants of tomato. In the completely asynaptic mutant as6, chromosome pairing and chiasma formation were virtually absent in both sexes. In the partially asynaptic mutant asb, with intermediate levels of chromosome pairing at pachytene, there were a higher number of chiasmate chromosome arms in female meiosis than in male meiosis, whereas in the desynaptic mutant as5 there were normal levels of chromosome pairing at pachytene and a similar reduction in chiasma frequency in the two sexes. In wil
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37

Kawai, Fumitaka, Momoko Shoda, Rie Harashima, Yoshito Sadaie, Hiroshi Hara, and Kouji Matsumoto. "Cardiolipin Domains in Bacillus subtilis Marburg Membranes." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 5 (2004): 1475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.5.1475-1483.2004.

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ABSTRACT Recently, use of the cardiolipin (CL)-specific fluorescent dye 10-N-nonyl-acridine orange (NAO) revealed CL-rich domains in the Escherichia coli membrane (E. Mileykovskaya and W. Dowhan, J. Bacteriol. 182: 1172-1175, 2000). Staining of Bacillus subtilis cells with NAO showed that there were green fluorescence domains in the septal regions and at the poles. These fluorescence domains were scarcely detectable in exponentially growing cells of the clsA-disrupted mutant lacking detectable CL. In sporulating cells with a wild-type lipid composition, fluorescence domains were observed in th
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38

Al- Khafaji, K. A., and A. N. Al- Thwami. "Identification of differences in virulence factors production from mutant isolates of clinical Vibrio cholerae S." Journal of Biotechnology Research Center 5, no. 1 (2011): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2011.5.1.149.

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Antibiotic resistant mutants for rifampicin, streptomycin and klindamycin were isolated from the clinical isolate of Vibrio choleraeS mutated by chemical mutagens. Mutation frequency of V. cholerae S depends on the treatment time and the highest viable count of antibiotic resistant were for Rifampicin after treatment with Acridine orange, Ethedium bromide, Nitrosoguanidine, 5-Florouracil, 2-Bromouracil and cyclophosphamide. One thousand mutant isolates were examined for morphological differences in colony surface, color and diameter. The treatment with AO, NTG, 5-FU, and 2-BU gave opaque to or
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39

Struble, Julie M., and Ryan T. Gill. "Reverse Engineering Antibiotic Sensitivity in a Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolate." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 50, no. 7 (2006): 2506–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01640-05.

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ABSTRACT Antibiotic resistance is a pervasive and growing clinical problem. We describe an evaluation of a reverse engineering approach for identifying cellular mechanisms and genes that could be manipulated to increase antibiotic sensitivity in a resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate. We began by chemically mutating a broadly resistant isolate of P. aeruginosa and screening for mutants with increased sensitivity to the aminoglycoside amikacin, followed by performing whole-genome transcriptional profiling of the mutant and wild-type strains to characterize the global changes occurring as a
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40

Onda, Masaaki, Katsuhiro Hanada, Hirokazu Kawachi, and Hideo Ikeda. "Escherichia coli MutM Suppresses Illegitimate Recombination Induced by Oxidative Stress." Genetics 151, no. 2 (1999): 439–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/151.2.439.

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Abstract DNA damage by oxidative stress is one of the causes of mutagenesis. However, whether or not DNA damage induces illegitimate recombination has not been determined. To study the effect of oxidative stress on illegitimate recombination, we examined the frequency of λbio transducing phage in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and found that this reagent enhances illegitimate recombination. To clarify the types of illegitimate recombination, we examined the effect of mutations in mutM and related genes on the process. The frequency of λbio transducing phage was 5- to 12-fold higher in the m
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41

Nitzan, N., M. Hazanovsky, M. Tal, and L. Tsror(Lahkim). "Vegetative Compatibility Groups in Colletotrichum coccodes, the Causal Agent of Black Dot on Potato." Phytopathology® 92, no. 8 (2002): 827–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2002.92.8.827.

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Black dot of potato, caused by Colletotrichum coccodes, is a disease of growing economic importance, but the degree of genetic diversity and pathogenic differentiation among isolates is unknown. Using nitrate auxotrophic (Nit) mutants, we characterized vegetative compatibility groups (VCG) diversity for C. coccodes for 110 isolates originating from Israel, The Netherlands, and France. We recovered frequencies of nit1 and NitM mutant classes at 38.5 and 7.2%, respectively, and selected 12 isolates as tester isolates. Using these testers, we defined four multimember VCGs at 7.3, 35.5, 20.0, and
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42

Kawamoto, Yudai, Hirotaka Toda, Hiroshi Inoue, et al. "Fast and Inexpensive Phenotyping and Genotyping Methods for Evaluation of Barley Mutant Population." Plants 9, no. 9 (2020): 1153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9091153.

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To further develop barley breeding and genetics, more information on gene functions based on the analysis of the mutants of each gene is needed. However, the mutant resources are not as well developed as the model plants, such as Arabidopsis and rice. Although genome editing techniques have been able to generate mutants, it is not yet an effective method as it can only be used to transform a limited number of cultivars. Here, we developed a mutant population using ‘Mannenboshi’, which produces good quality grains with high yields but is susceptible to disease, to establish a Targeting Induced
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43

Mikheeva, Lidia E., Oliver Schmitzh, Sergey V. Shestakov, and Hermann Bothe. "Mutants of the Cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis Altered in Hydrogenase Activities." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 50, no. 7-8 (1995): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1995-7-807.

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Abstract Two mutants of the cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis impaired in the utilization or formation of molecular hydrogen have been obtained by nitroso-guanidine mutagenesis. Cul­tures of both mutants did not show alterations in the growth characteristics or in the hetero­cysts frequency but evolved molecular hydrogen from nitrogenase with enhanced rates. Ac­tivity measurements in extracts showed that one mutant (PK84) did not perform Na2S2O4- dependent H2-formation and was, therefore, unable to express an active bidirectional hydro­genase. Both mutants (PK84, PK 17R) were characterized by
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44

Abhangrao A.K., Jitendra Kumar Sahoo, and Anis Mirza. "Effect of physical mutagens on base population of tuberose (Polyanthus tuberosa L.)." Ecology, Environment and Conservation 28 (2022): 435–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2022.v28i07s.072.

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An investigation was conducted at the Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture Parbhani, during which studies on tuberose (Polyanthus tuberosa L.) mutation breeding were explored and promising mutants were isolated. In VM1 generation and VM2 generation, the experimental material was Phule Rajani of tuberose variety treated with five doses of 0.5 Kr, 1Kr, 1.5Kr, 2Kr, and 2.5 Kr. The maximum floral abnormalities were observed in treatment T4 in the VM1 generation, whereas the maximum flower abnormalities were observed in treatment T3 in the VM2 generation. In the VM1 generation, the hi
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45

Duffy, Brion K., and Geneviève Défago. "Controlling Instability in gacS-gacARegulatory Genes during Inoculant Production of Pseudomonas fluorescens Biocontrol Strains." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 8 (2000): 3142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.8.3142-3150.2000.

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ABSTRACT Secondary metabolism in fluorescent pseudomonads is globally regulated by gacS, which encodes a membrane-bound sensor kinase, and gacA, which encodes a transcriptional response regulator. Spontaneous mutation in either gene blocked biosynthesis of the antimicrobial compounds hydrogen cyanide, 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, pyoluteorin, and pyrrolnitrin by the model biocontrol strain Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0. Spontaneous mutants also had altered abilities to utilize several carbon sources and to increase medium pH compared with the wild type, suggesting thatgacS and gacA influence pri
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46

Baccari, Clelia, Nabil Killiny, Michael Ionescu, Rodrigo P. P. Almeida, and Steven E. Lindow. "Diffusible Signal Factor–Repressed Extracellular Traits Enable Attachment of Xylella fastidiosa to Insect Vectors and Transmission." Phytopathology® 104, no. 1 (2014): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-06-13-0151-r.

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The hypothesis that a wild-type strain of Xylella fastidiosa would restore the ability of rpfF mutants blocked in diffusible signal factor production to be transmitted to new grape plants by the sharpshooter vector Graphocephala atropunctata was tested. While the rpfF mutant was very poorly transmitted by vectors irrespective of whether they had also fed on plants infected with the wild-type strain, wild-type strains were not efficiently transmitted if vectors had fed on plants infected with the rpfF mutant. About 100-fewer cells of a wild-type strain attached to wings of a vector when suspend
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47

Tsubouchi, Hideo, and Hideyuki Ogawa. "Exo1 Roles for Repair of DNA Double-Strand Breaks and Meiotic Crossing Over inSaccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular Biology of the Cell 11, no. 7 (2000): 2221–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.11.7.2221.

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The MRE11, RAD50, andXRS2 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiaeare involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) produced by ionizing radiation and by radiomimetic chemicals such as methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). In these mutants, single-strand DNA degradation in a 5′ to 3′ direction from DSB ends is reduced. Multiple copies of the EXO1 gene, encoding a 5′ to 3′ double-strand DNA exonuclease, were found to suppress the high MMS sensitivity of these mutants. The exo1 single mutant shows weak MMS sensitivity. When an exo1 mutation is combined with anmre11 mutation, both repair of MMS-ind
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48

Raivio, Taneli, Yisrael Sidis, Lacey Plummer, et al. "Frequency of Impaired Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 Signaling as a Cause of Normosmic Idiopathic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism." Molecular Endocrinology 23, no. 12 (2009): 2120–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/mend.23.12.9994.

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ABSTRACT Context FGFR1 mutations have been identified in about 10% of patients with Kallmann syndrome. Recently cases of idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) with a normal sense of smell (nIHH) have been reported. Aims The objective of the study was to define the frequency of FGFR1 mutations in a large cohort of nIHH, delineate the spectrum of reproductive phenotypes, assess functionality of the FGFR1 mutant alleles in vitro, and investigate genotype-phenotype relationships. Design FGFR1 sequencing of 134 well-characterized nIHH patients (112 men and 22 women) and 270 healthy control
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49

Balhadère, Pascale V., Andrew J. Foster, and Nicholas J. Talbot. "Identification of Pathogenicity Mutants of the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe grisea by Insertional Mutagenesis." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 12, no. 2 (1999): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.1999.12.2.129.

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Restriction enzyme-mediated DNA integration (REMI) mutagenesis was used to identify mutants of Magnaporthe grisea impaired in pathogenicity. Three REMI protocols were evaluated and the frequency of REMIs determined. An REMI library of 3,527 M. grisea transformants was generated in three genetic backgrounds, and 1,150 transformants were screened for defects in pathogenicity with a barley cut leaf assay. Five mutants were identified and characterized. Two mutants (2029 and 2050) were impaired in appressorium function. Two other mutants, 125 and 130, were altered in conidial morphology, conidioge
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50

Bunch, T. A., M. W. Graner, L. I. Fessler, et al. "The PS2 integrin ligand tiggrin is required for proper muscle function in Drosophila." Development 125, no. 9 (1998): 1679–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.125.9.1679.

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Tiggrin is a novel extracellular matrix ligand for the Drosophila PS2 integrins. We have used flanking P elements to generate a precise deletion of tiggrin. Most flies lacking tiggrin die as larvae or pupae. A few adults do emerge and these appear to be relatively normal, displaying only misshapen abdomens and a low frequency of wing defects. Examination of larvae shows that muscle connections, function and morphology are defective in tiggrin mutants. Muscle contraction waves that extend the length of the larvae are much slower in tiggrin mutants. Direct examination of bodywall muscles shows d
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