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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Nanoparticules cœur@écorce"
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Tesis sobre el tema "Nanoparticules cœur@écorce"
Loste, Julien. "Elaboration de matériaux composites transparents à base de nanoparticules hybrides cœur@écorce". Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3054/document.
Texto completoThe incorporation of inorganic particles into a polymer matrix confers new properties to the material or enhances significantly existing properties. However, the perceived visual appearance, such as loss of transparency, might be modified by the scattering of light by the particles. This light scattering is mainly due to the particle –or aggregates of particles- dimensions and the refractive index difference between matrix and fillers. In order to address both issues, the objective of the present work was to control simultaneously the dispersion state of the inorganic nanoparticles into the polymeric matrix and the refractive index of the nanoparticles to match the one of the matrix. To achieve this new composite, we designed hybrid core@shell nanoparticles with an inorganic core that brings new properties and a polymer shell of controlled thickness, obtained by surface-initiated nitroxide mediated controlled radical polymerization. The polymer shell limits the aggregation of the particles and enables us to tune the average refractive index of the hybrid core@shell particle. By controlling the thickness and the chemical nature of the polymeric shell, we targeted to match the refractive index of the hybrid core@shell particle to the one of the polymeric matrix. The nanoparticles were further dispersed into a poly(methyl methacrylate) matrix. Optical properties of composites were characterized by spectrogoniophotometry which gave us informations about the intensity and the angular distribution of the transmitted light by the nanocomposites. The transparency of the nanocomposites was strongly enhanced for core@shell particles fulfilling the refractive index matching conditions
Huda, Sfeir. "Ingénierie macromoléculaire pour la synthèse de particules de latex par polymérisation en miniémulsion". Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3002/document.
Texto completoDuring the work of this PhD, we investigated the synthesis of latex particles by miniemulsion, an aqueous dispersed medium process. We managed to synthesize in a controlled manner high molar mass (Mn > 30 000 g.mol-1) polystyrene latex particles via nitroxide mediated radical polymerization (NMP) in miniemulsion in both the presence and absence of molecular surfactant. Stable latex with final diameters within the range of 150-200 nm were synthesized. A second part of the PhD work was devoted to the transposition of surface-initiated NMP from bulk polymerization to polymerization in aqueous dispersed media (miniemulsion) in order to synthesize silica@polystyrene core@shell hybrid nanoparticles. The last part of the PhD work was dedicated to the synthesis of polymeric stabilizers, more precisely to the synthesis of amphiphilic copolymers based on dextran or poly(acrylic acid) polymers hydrophobically modified by terpenes. The stabilization efficiency of such copolymers synthesized from renewable resources to stabilize styrene miniemulsion polymerization was investigated. During this work, we characterized the macromolecular features of polymers along with the size and the morphology of the final particles by respectively size exclusion chromatography (SEC), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and microscopy (SEM, TEM, AFM)
Ferrie, Mélanie. "Design de particules plasmoniques pour le contrôle de l’absorption et de l’émission de lumière". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14410/document.
Texto completoDuring this work, we were interested in the design of plasmonic particles for the control of the absorption and the emission of light. Our strategy was to synthesize core@shell nanoparticles made of a gold core and a silica shell containing fluorescent organic molecules. We have varied the distance between the emitters and the core in order to tune their coupling with the plasmons of gold. We thus tuned the optical properties of the particles. We were also interested in the assembly of these nanoparticles to get supra-particles or organized two-dimensional networks. The study of optical properties of these new materials showed that the exaltation of the fluorescence is maximal when the core@shell particles are confined between two gold boundaries, this situation corresponding to a strong cavity mode. We also worked on the synthesis of particles consisting of a silica core and either a gold shell with bare patches or a titanium dioxide shell with patches covered with gold nanoparticles
Rezende, Lara Barbara. "Formulation of adhesive latexes in view of enhancing barrier properties to water and oxygen". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1061.
Texto completoThe proposition of this work is to improve the barrier property of a laminate aimed to be applied in the field of packaging for foodstuffs. This laminate is constituted by a PET substrate metallized with aluminum deposited under vacuum. Given that PET is not a strongly polar polymer it is necessary to improve its adhesion to metals. This study was carried out in order to understand if there is a way to make sure that the polar groups will be bonded to the metal without being disturbed by the conditions of the environment. Our approach was the semi-batch emulsion polymerization, followed by the restructuration of the initial system (regular spherical polymeric nanoparticles) by changing its original morphology. Finally, the latexes were formulated by using variable amounts of compounds that were expected to improve the properties of the final material in terms of barrier and metallic adhesion. A part of the latexes synthesized in the scope of this work was submitted to pilot trials in an industrial line of PET extrusion. The latexes were used to coat the PET inline. The core-shell nanoparticles presented a lower permeability to water than the particles synthesized in the absence of the seed. This was related to the tortuosity promoted by the core, which increases the pathway of a diffusing molecule. The permeability to oxygen was found to be mainly related to the metallic layer. Given that the latexes were synthesized with the minimum amount of tensioactive necessary to originate stable dispersions, the wettability agent was found to be indispensable for the proper spreading of the coatings onto the PET. Furthermore, this compound played an important role on the adhesion property of the films. The cure agent, in the correct concentration, promotes the adhesion to metallic substrates. Moreover, this compound helped to prevent the interaction of the wettability agent with the water, decreasing consequently the plasticization of the structure in conditions of high humidity
Trenque, Isabelle. "Synthèse et caractérisation d’oxydes métalliques ZnO au bénéfice de nouvelles stratégies d’élaboration d’absorbeurs IR". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR14905/document.
Texto completoThanks to its absorption / reflexion properties limited to the UV and the IR range, n-doped zinc oxide is a promising candidate for the elaboration of transparent and insulating films in smart windows. Nanostructured particles of Ga-doped zinc oxide were elaborated by polyol process. Polyol process was used in order to control the size and the morphology of the particles. Both experimental and theoretical data show that a maximum of IR absorption efficiency is obtained for a doping rate of 2.6 molar percent. Colloidal suspensions with high transmission in the visible range combined with significant absorption of the near infrared range were obtained using two strategies. The first one is the encapsulation of the Ga-doped ZnO particles by a fluoride shells with an intermediate refractive index between ZnO and the dispersion medium. The second one is the optimization of the dispersion state of nano-colloidal suspensions thanks to the adsorption of thioalkanes on the Ga-doped ZnO crystallite surfaces