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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "New product development – South Africa"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 14 de febrero de 2022

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1

Viviers, Wilma, Ludo Cuyvers, Ermie Steenkamp, Sonja Grater, Marianne Matthee, and Waldo Krugell. "Identifying New Product And Service Export Opportunities For South Africa Using A Decision Support Model." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 13, no. 6 (2014): 1403. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v13i6.8930.

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In the face of slow economic growth and development, and the perennial problems of unemployment, poverty and inequality, the South African government and business community have long recognised the importance of growing and diversifying the countrys tangible goods and services export sectors. One of the challenges in designing and implementing effective export promotion strategies is identifying the right markets, given South Africas ever-fluid skills, capacity and trading relationships. The Decision Support Model (DSM) is an export market selection tool that makes use of a sophisticated filte

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2

Kafere, C., Tagny C. Tayou, J. B. Tapko, et al. "Implementation of Blood and Blood Product Regulation Training Workshop, South Africa." Africa Sanguine 22, no. 1 (2020): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/asan.v22i1.1.

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The training workshop on Implementation of Blood and Blood Product Regulation was organised and co-hosted by the Paul-Ehrlich -Institut Global Health Protection Program BloodTrain and the Africa Society for Blood Transfusion (AfSBT) from the 20th to the 22nd of August 2019. This was aimed at strengthening the capacity of African countries in developing and implementing regulatory systems for blood. Over thirty participants from countries across the African continent came together in Johannesburg, South Africa and shared knowledge and experiences among themselves and also with experts from the

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Oonk, Gijsbert. "South Asians in East Africa (1880-1920) with a Particular Focus on Zanzibar: Toward a Historical Explanation of Economic Success of a Middlemen Minority." African and Asian Studies 5, no. 1 (2006): 57–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920906775768282.

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AbstractThe main object of this article is to falsify the common historical portrait of South Asians in Zanzibar and East Africa. Most studies, a-priori, assume the outstanding business success of the Asian minority in East Africa. In explaining this success, they emphasize common explanations and theories for their economic success, like hard work, having a superior business mind, using their ethnic resources for capital accumulation and knowledge of (international) markets. In this article I attempt to explain the success of South Asians in Zanzibar, East Africa, from a historical point of v

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4

Burton, Calum, Christian Rogerson, and Jayne Rogerson. "The Making of a ‘Big 5’ Game Reserve as an Urban Tourism Destination: Dinokeng, South Africa." African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, no. 9(6) (December 15, 2020): 892–911. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-58.

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Since 2000, against the background of chronically high levels of city unemployment and of the stagnation or rundown of the manufacturing sector, many urban governments across South Africa pivoted towards the building of competitive tourism economies as an anchor for local economic development, employment creation and small enterprise development. With the tourism sector being the most popular sectoral focus for local economic development programming in South Africa, the evolution of place-based development initiatives around tourism is a topic of policy relevance. This paper contributes to tou

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Browne, Erica N., Elizabeth T. Montgomery, Carol Mansfield, et al. "Efficacy is Not Everything: Eliciting Women’s Preferences for a Vaginal HIV Prevention Product Using a Discrete-Choice Experiment." AIDS and Behavior 24, no. 5 (2019): 1443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-019-02715-1.

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Abstract As new female-initiated HIV prevention products enter development, it is crucial to incorporate women’s preferences to ensure products will be desired, accepted, and used. A discrete-choice experiment was designed to assess the relative importance of six attributes to stated choice of a vaginally delivered HIV prevention product. Sexually active women in South Africa and Zimbabwe aged 18–30 were recruited from two samples: product-experienced women from a randomized trial of four vaginal placebo forms and product-naïve community members. In a tablet-administered survey, 395 women chos

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6

Garcia Arieta, Alfredo, Craig Simon, Gustavo Mendes Lima Santos, et al. "A Survey of the Regulatory Requirements for the Acceptance of Foreign Comparator Products by Participating Regulators and Organizations of the International Generic Drug Regulators Programme." Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 22 (January 1, 2019): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/jpps30215.

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The acceptance of foreign comparator products is the most limiting factor for the development and regulatory assessment of generic medicines marketed globally. Bioequivalence studies have to be repeated with the local comparator products of each jurisdiction because it is unknown if the comparators of the different countries are the same product, with the consequent duplication of efforts by regulators and industry alike. The regulatory requirements on the acceptability of foreign comparator products of oral dosage forms differ between countries participating in the Bioequivalence Working Grou

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7

Litheko, Alpheaus. "Small Tourism Business Growth Through Eco-tourism in Mahikeng, South Africa." African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure 10(1), no. 10(1) (2021): 256–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-100.

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Small business enterprises are renowned worldwide as vehicles for economic growth and development. The small business sector in South Africa has encountered numerous obstacles and government agencies responsible for their development have come across challenges, and as a result, they have not been able to adequately develop a large number of small businesses. Product diversification is one of the growth strategies that can be developed by small tourism businesses to break into new markets and off-set the challenges associated with one sub-sector of tourism. The primary objective is to determin

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8

Hashe, Vuyo T. "A Comparative Study on New Product Development Projects: Supplier-client Partnerships in Manufacturing Industry." MATEC Web of Conferences 312 (2020): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202031201002.

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This paper was to investigate, explore and gain an understanding of the factors that enable and support supplier-client collaboration in New Product Development Projects (NPDP) within the South African manufacturing industry. This study was based on two case studies where two NPDP within South African on two different firms were studied. The predominant focus of this report studied the supplier involvement and relationship factors, supplier selection factors, and cultural environment and collaboration factors. The main data used was collected via interviews and internal company documents. The

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9

Van Eldik, P. "Die rol van die natuurwetenskaplike in samelewingsontwikkeling - uitdagings vir Suid-Afrika." Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 17, no. 1 (1998): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v17i1.688.

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International and local trends and experiences confirm the importance of reassessing; the role and responsibilities of scientists in South Africa. Revised strategies for human resource development, equipped with scientific and technological expertise and skills, offer tremendous challenges to scientists and the higher education system of the country. Simultaneously the contributions of scientists, through their involvement in research and development, to new knowledge as well as the application and utilisation of knowledge in new processes, products and technology transfer, is of vital import

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10

Chakanyuka, Goodman. "ANALYSIS OF THE LONG-RUN RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ECONOMIC GROWTH AND BANK CREDIT AVAILABILITY IN SOUTH AFRICA." International Journal of Finance 1, no. 1 (2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijf.33.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to Analyze of the Relationship between Business Cycles and Bank Credit Extension: Evidence from South Africa. The study sought establish the direction of causality between economic growth and bank credit growth in South AfricaMethodology: The econometric methodology is used to augment results of the survey study. Granger causality test technique is applied to the variables of interest to test for direction of causation between variables. The study uses quarterly data for the period of 1980: Q1 to 2013: Q4. Business cycles are determined and measured by Gr

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Chakanyuka, Dr Goodman. "THE DIRECTION ANALYSIS OF CAUSALITY BETWEEN ECONOMIC AND BANK CREDIT GROWTH IN SOUTH AFRICA." Journal of Business and Strategic Management 1, no. 2 (2016): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jbsm.31.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to Analyze of the Relationship between Business Cycles and Bank Credit Extension: Evidence from South Africa. The study sought establish the direction of causality between economic growth and bank credit growth in South AfricaMethodology: The econometric methodology is used to augment results of the survey study. Granger causality test technique is applied to the variables of interest to test for direction of causation between variables. The study uses quarterly data for the period of 1980: Q1 to 2013: Q4. Business cycles are determined and measured by Gr

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12

Beresford, Alexander, and Daniel Wand. "Understanding bricolage in norm development: South Africa, the International Criminal Court, and the contested politics of transitional justice." Review of International Studies 46, no. 4 (2020): 534–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210520000224.

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AbstractWithin international relations the normative agency of African actors is often downplayed or derided. This article develops the concept of bricolage to offer a novel understanding of norm development and contestation in international relations, including the role African actors play in this. We contend that a norm's core hypothesis can be thought of as the nucleus of a norm. In the case of complex international norms, if this core hypothesis is sufficiently vague and malleable, the norm will continue to attract a range of actors who may claim to share a commitment to enacting the core

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Bond, Patrick, and George Dor. "Uneven Health Outcomes and Political Resistance under Residual Neoliberalism in Africa." International Journal of Health Services 33, no. 3 (2003): 607–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/jy59-dtcm-fbwl-rcg4.

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Africa has suffered two decades of policy implementation associated with the “neoliberal” macroeconomic as well as micro-development paradigm, and the health status of this continent has deteriorated markedly. Notwithstanding the discrediting of such policies since the late 1990s, they continue to be applied in Africa, especially by the World Bank and IMF, through Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers and the Highly Indebted Poor Countries debt relief initiative. Evidence can be found in the inadequate fiscal allocations to the health sector; the inadequate conceptualization of health in relation

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14

Zdráhal, Ivo, Nahanga Verter, and Francois Lategan. "‘Products Mapping’ of South Africa’s Agri-food trade with the EU28 and Africa." Agris on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics 12, no. 4 (2020): 133–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7160/aol.2020.120410.

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This paper uses ‘products mapping’ tool based on the trade balance index (TBI) and Lafay index to investigate trade performance and competitiveness in food items between South Africa (SA) and the EU28 and Africa. The data for this analysis is obtained from the UNCTAD database. SA’s agri-food trade balance climbed from $1.5 billion in 2005 to $3.1 billion in 2017. The results support the conclusion that in bilateral trade, certain products have comparative advantages in relation to African markets despite comparative disadvantages in relation to the EU28 market. Also, there is no or decreasing

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15

Adamowicz, Sarah J., Peter M. Hollingsworth, Sujeevan Ratnasingham, and Michelle van der Bank. "International Barcode of Life: Focus on big biodiversity in South Africa." Genome 60, no. 11 (2017): 875–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2017-0210.

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Participants in the 7th International Barcode of Life Conference (Kruger National Park, South Africa, 20–24 November 2017) share the latest findings in DNA barcoding research and its increasingly diversified applications. Here, we review prevailing trends synthesized from among 429 invited and contributed abstracts, which are collated in this open-access special issue of Genome. Hosted for the first time on the African continent, the 7th Conference places special emphasis on the evolutionary origins, biogeography, and conservation of African flora and fauna. Within Africa and elsewhere, DNA ba

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16

MATSHUSA, Khoḓani, Peta THOMAS, and Llewellyn LEONARD. "A METHODOLOGY FOR EXAMINING GEOTOURISM POTENTIAL AT THE KRUGER NATIONAL PARK, SOUTH AFRICA." GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 34, no. 1 (2021): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.34128-639.

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In contrast to Europe, Asia and South America where geotourism is actively pursued, geotourism activities in South Africa have not to-date been a focus of tourism products. The purpose of this paper is to propose a field methodology that can be used to assess the potential for geotourism development. Existing procedures to establish geotourism site potential are reviewed and a new methodology that accounts for more characteristics than currently found in documented methods is proposed. This consists of three phases: creating a standardised manner of inventorying the sites; standardising field

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17

Carmody, Pádraig. "The World is Bumpy: Power, Uneven Development and the Impact of New ICTS on South African Manufacturing." Human Geography 7, no. 1 (2014): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194277861400700108.

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Numerous academics and policy makers now assert Sub-Saharan Africa's (SSA) marginalization in the global economy is being reversed by an information technology revolution. However, while many claims are made for new ICTs - and mobile phones in particular - very little research has been done on the precise ways in which firms use these technologies and their developmental impacts. Drawing on over fifty firm-level interviews, this paper examines evidence of the uses and impacts of new ICTs in the wood products industry in Durban, South Africa and its surrounding region. In contrast to assumption

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18

Mutizhongo, Fanos, Lukas Willem Snyman, and Kevin Jalet. "Development of low-cost reflective plate thermal energy absorber systems for application in South Africa." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 32, no. 3 (2021): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2021/v32i3a8044.

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An innovative solar heat collector system was developed from low-cost materials by applying innovative design technology and using adaptive technologies. The system design entails placing long black polymer pipes connected in series circulation, mounted and positioned in grooves of inverted box rib galvanised steel plating. The grooves reflect and focus the incident rays on the centre piping, concentrating incident sun rays on the black piping and increasing the absorption of thermal energy in the piping filled with circulating water. The circulation of the water is facilitated by a direct-cur

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19

Du Plessis, J. L. "Bioprospecting, legislation and research at universities in South Africa." Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 25, no. 4 (2006): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v25i4.164.

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South Africa is particularly rich in biodiversity. This biodiversity may be utilised and has commercial potential. Bioprospecting is the systematic evaluation of biodiversity by making use of advanced technologies in search of and development of commercially, valuable new products. The international Convention on Biodiversity and the national Biodiversity Act accentuate the sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity and set certain prerequisites for bioprospecting and the research concerned with it. Research with indigenous biological resources is also affected by this legislation. Almos

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Davies, Theresa-Anne. "New product strategy: Key characteristics that distinguish leading innovators in selected large South African manufacturing industries." South African Journal of Business Management 28, no. 4 (1997): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v28i4.798.

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Product innovation has to be universally recognized as a central strategy for building market share and securing business success. The purpose of this exploratory research study was to attempt to identify key characteristics that distinguish leading innovators in selected South African Industries. Based on the findings from both the qualitative and quantitative studies, a profile emerges of successful companies that appears to distinguish them from less successful companies, and some guidelines are suggested in terms of the types of strategies that appear to be effective, the type of leadershi

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VICTOR, JANINE E., GIDEON F. SMITH, and ABRAHAM E. VAN WYK. "History and drivers of plant taxonomy in South Africa." Phytotaxa 269, no. 3 (2016): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.269.3.3.

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The development of plant taxonomy in South Africa from about 1600 to 2015 is reviewed, with emphasis on the main driving factors that have influenced the research direction, techniques used, and choice of taxonomic research topic. In addition, key personalities and important historical events are highlighted. The early scientific interest in the flora of South Africa and, by implication, its taxonomy was initially driven by curiosity. Exploration of plants for economic purposes especially for medicinal use and later, agriculture, drove the scientific development of botany and formed the founda

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BELIKOVA, KSENIA. "SOME ASPECTS OF THE APPLICATION OF NEW MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN REPRODUCTION, THERAPY AND GENETIC MODIFICATION OF HUMANS, PLANTS AND ANIMALS THROUGH THE PRISM OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS PROTECTION IN SOUTH AFRICA." Sociopolitical sciences 10, no. 2 (2020): 180–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2223-0092-2020-10-2-180-195.

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This article aims to demonstrates some facets of the current state of legal regulation and ethical problems of application of new medical technologies in reproduction, therapy and genetic modification of humans, plants and animals through the prism of intellectual property rights protection and based on: the materials of a number of normative acts (laws, ministerial Regulations) of one of the BRICS countries - South Africe. In this format, based on analytical reflections over information taken from sources and literature from the list of sources and literature, as well as a number of legal pro

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Carbonell, Nicolas, Dr Théophile Bindeouè Nassè, and Dr Denis Akouwerabou. "AFRICAN ECONOMIC PARADOX: INDUSTRIALIZATION CREATING JOBS AND ADDED VALUE OR ACTIVE PARTICIPATION IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS: WHAT SOLUTIONS TO DEVELOP FOR THE LESS ADVANCED AND LANDLOCKED COUNTRIES LIKE BURKINA FASO?" International Journal of Advanced Economics 2, no. 1 (2020): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijae.v2i1.127.

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The United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (2016) calls for resources for the implementation of the Action Plan for Accelerated Industrial Development in Africa, and states that: “Industrialization is essential for African countries as a means of increasing income, creating jobs, developing value-added activities and diversifying economies”. The United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the African Development Bank (AFDB), and the Organization for Cooperation and Economics Development (OCED, 2014, p. 16) explain the benefits to African countries’ participation in Global Value Chains (G

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North, E. J., T. Kotzé, O. Stark, and R. De Vos. "The power of branding: Revisiting an “old friend”." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 6, no. 1 (2003): 159–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v6i1.3332.

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Branding is a key strategic tool used to create awareness, reputation and build the organisation’s image. Marketers consider brands as carriers of values, and the development and implementation of branding strategies and programmes have lately expanded to include more than the traditional corporate, product and service domains of branding. In this article we set out to define and briefly discuss the nature of branding and indicate how brands are used to define the product to the customer. One of the major challenges facing South African business and marketing executives in the new millennium i

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Taylor, Susanne. "Knowledge Circulation: The ‘Triple Helix’ Concept Applied in South Africa." Industry and Higher Education 18, no. 5 (2004): 329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/0000000042317382.

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In this article the author looks at knowledge circulation in its literal context, starting from its initial production (creation) by means of research, through the recording/documentation stage to its eventual distribution and circulation. Knowledge circulation and the application of knowledge are essential to a country's economic sustainability The author considers this in the context of South Africa, where industry and the higher education sector, particularly the technikons (equivalent to polytechnics or universities of technology in other countries), are working together more and more clos

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Lotz, H. M., and S. P. Van der Merwe. "An investigation of the influence of entrepreneurial orientation on the perceived success of agribusinesses in South Africa." South African Journal of Business Management 44, no. 1 (2013): 15–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v44i1.145.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of an entrepreneurial orientation on the perceived success of agribusinesses in South Africa. Business success, for the purpose of this study, was measured by means of two dependent variables, namely Business development and improvement and Business growth. Structured questionnaires were administered to managers in five of the largest and three smaller agribusinesses in South Africa. In total, 533 usable questionnaires were returned. Construct validity of the measuring instrument was assessed by means of a principal component explora

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Paterson, AR. "Pruning the Money-Tree to Ensure Sustainable Growth: Facilitating Sustainable Development Through Market-Based Instruments." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 9, no. 3 (2017): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2006/v9i3a2827.

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There is growing global recognition that market-based instruments (MBI), such as environmentally-related taxes, levies and user-charges, are viable tools for facilitating environmental management and, ultimately, sustainable development. These instruments seek to correct market failure to value, or accurately value, environmental goods and services that consequently lead to environmental concerns being accorded insufficient consideration in everyday market activities. South Africa has introduced various MBI, largely in the form of environmentally-related taxes pertaining to mining, agriculture

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Manyuchi, Albert Edgar, and John Ouma Mugabe. "The production and use of indicators in science, technology and innovation policy-making in Africa." Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management 9, no. 1 (2018): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstpm-06-2017-0026.

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PurposeA growing number of African countries are starting to produce science, technology and innovation (STI) indicators. The purpose of this paper is to provide some lessons learnt in the production and use of STI indicators in Malawi and South Africa. It is compares the two countries’ efforts to conduct Research and Development (R&D) surveys and examines whether and how STI indicators are used in policymaking processes.Design/methodology/approachThe study approach is qualitative. The research methodology encompasses a thorough review of both policy and academic literature as well as some

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Neumann, Roderick P. "Africa's ‘Last Wilderness’: Reordering Space for Political and Economic Control in Colonial Tanzania." Africa 71, no. 4 (2001): 641–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2001.71.4.641.

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ABSTRACTFocusing on south-eastern Tanzania, this article explores the colonial state's spatial strategies for economic and political control of its citizenry and their concurrence with strategies to control and conserve nature. Analysing British colonial archival documents, it demonstrates that Africa's most famous wilderness, the Selous Game Reserve, is a product of colonisers' economic and political control schemes, not a vestigial pre-modern landscape. The analysis reveals that the control of nature was inseparable from the state's efforts to control African subjects (mostly Ngindo peasants

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Govender, Krishna Kisten. "Brand choice and brand switching: a case study of relocated consumers." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 8, no. 4 (2017): 441–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-11-2016-0169.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact on consumer behaviour/brand choice resulting in the relocation of communities from informal to formal settlements. Design/methodology/approach A survey conducted among a probability sample of 384 consumers comprising different “socio-income” groups, who were relocated from informal settlements as well as others who relocated voluntarily to Cosmo City, a state designed residential development, to explore their brand choice behaviour. Findings It was ascertained that households switch brands if the degree of social change is greater

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Ashraf, Hamid, and Frederick Cawood. "Mineral development for growth: the case for a new mineral policy framework for Pakistan." Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management 8, no. 3 (2017): 246–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstpm-11-2016-0033.

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Purpose The fundamental purpose of this research is to compare Pakistan’s mineral policy instrument with that of leading developing minerals-based economies and to highlight the gaps. Mineral resources development can act as an engine for country growth and have the potential to transform economies and societies. The extent to which such transformation takes place varies depending upon the method of their use. Design/methodology/approach This paper conducts a gap analysis between Pakistan and leading developing minerals-based economies to identify key policy gaps. Two basic principles were kep

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Nigusie, Alemu Asfaw, and Mohammed Seid Ali. "Africa in the Global Economy: Between Integration and Marginalization?" Bandung 7, no. 1 (2020): 24–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21983534-00701003.

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The main objective of this paper is to examine the position of Africa in the global division of labor in the era of globalization by deconstructing the assumptions, institutions and tools that buttress the North-South and the South-South relations in general and by using the aid, trade and investment regimes in particular. The paper argues that Africa has been integrated in the global economy at least since the middle of the 19th century with the colonization of the continent, albeit in a different form and intensity, but it has been located at the bottom of the hierarchy of the integration la

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Masango, Shingairai Grace, and Paul Lassalle. "What entrepreneurs do? Entrepreneurial action guided by entrepreneurial opportunities and entrepreneurial learning in early internationalising firms." International Marketing Review 37, no. 6 (2020): 1083–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-10-2018-0273.

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PurposeThere is a growing interest in exploring the interface between international marketing and entrepreneurial opportunities. This paper contributes by defining and elucidating entrepreneurial action in early internationalising software firms and the corresponding emergent international marketing activities. Entrepreneurial action in early internationalising software firms is explored through the operationalisation of a reconceptualised entrepreneurial opportunity construct and the associated entrepreneurial learning processes.Design/methodology/approachThe paper adopts an inductive approac

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Przygoda, Miroslaw. "The BRICS nations and their priorities." International Journal Of Innovation And Economic Development 1, no. 5 (2015): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.15.2001.

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The so-called “BRICS nations” have recently proven to be the most fascinating group of worldwide economies that collaborate with each other. The name is an acronym for an association comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The BRICS members are all developing or newly industrialised countries, they are however distinguished by their large, rapidly growing economies and their significant impact on regional and global affairs. Before the inclusion of South Africa, the organisation was known as BRIC. On 13 April 2011, when South Africa joined the group, BRIC gained the letter “

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WALWYN, DAVID R. "PERSPECTIVE: DETERMINING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE TARGETS BASED ON AN AFFORDABILITY INDEX." International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management 07, no. 02 (2010): 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219877010001908.

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Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD), usually expressed as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP), is a widely used indicator to reflect the research intensity within a national economy, and hence its capacity to develop new and innovative products or services. It is also used as a key target in the management of national innovation systems. For instance, the South African National Research and Development Strategy set a target of raising GERD/GDP to 'somewhat over 1%', and in 2002 the Barcelona European Council set an EU target of 3%. Despite its widespread usag

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Twite, Monga F., Lukas W. Snyman, Johan De Koker, and Adedayo Ademola Yusuff. "Development of a large-area, low-cost solar water-heating system for South Africa with a high thermal energy collection capacity." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 30, no. 1 (2019): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2019/v30i1a5226.

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A low-cost heat-exchanger system that can be used in high-pressure/low-pressure isolated solar water-heating systems in South Africa was developed for household applications. The combination of a copper coil and electrical heater allowed for isolation of the high-pressure and low-pressure sections of the system and enabled the utilisation of large low-cost solar heat-absorber platforms that operated at low pressure with a low risk of fouling and leaking. The design comprised a copper coil heat exchanger to be installed inside a conventional geyser, to replace the normal heating element and the

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Krugell, Waldo, and Marianne Matthee. "South African firm-level evidence of the links between finance and efficiency." Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences 5, no. 1 (2012): 271–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jef.v5i1.317.

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Small and medium-sized enterprises are often seen as drivers of economic growth and development by generating employment opportunities. However, for SMEs to be successful they need finance. Access to finance has been found to be a major obstacle to SMEs’ ability to do business in South Africa. This paper takes a closer look at firms, their access to finance and output per worker in South Africa, by using data from the World Bank Enterprise Survey 2007. The results show that firms that are financially constrained are more vulnerable to shocks and competition, and are weaker contributors to empl

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Truter, Ilse, and Brent C. Knoesen. "Perceptions towards the prescribing of antibiotics by pharmacists and the use of antibiotics in primary care in South Africa." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 12, no. 02 (2018): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.9630.

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Introduction: Antibiotics deserve their place a powerful pillar in modern medical care, but the development of antibiotic resistance is emerging faster than the availability of new antibiotics. This poses a major threat to public health. The primary aim was to determine the perceptions towards the prescribing of antibiotics by pharmacists and the use of antibiotics in primary care in Nelson Mandela Bay, South Africa. Methodology: A questionnaire survey was conducted under community pharmacists during 2014. Purposive sampling was used. Results: Eighty percent of pharmacists were of

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Pelser, Theuns G. "Strategic Technology Management As A Causality To South African Company Performance." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 14, no. 6 (2015): 815. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v14i6.9488.

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Cutting edge technology management goes beyond basic research and development (R&D). Increasingly, corporate strategists are making a more precise distinction between “technology” and “technology management.” The main purpose of this study was to develop an empirically derived classification system (taxonomy) for sustaining industry leadership, through the relationships that exist between technology and innovation strategy, technology management and company performance. A non-probability, judgment sample of companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) were taken. Seminal resea

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Mabaya, Edward, Morgann Ross, Raj Shrestha, and Amity Weiss. "Seven Sisters: wine and womanhood." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 4, no. 8 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-04-2014-0082.

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Subject area The main topics covered by this case are marketing strategies in a saturated market, human resource management, small enterprise challenges and constraints and corporate strategy. Study level/applicability The intended audiences for this case are upper-level undergraduate and graduate students. Students getting their degrees in business, international labor relations, marketing or public policy/administration are the main targets for this case. Students also interested in in agriculture, international development and race relations will benefit from studying this case. Case overvi

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Boutrais, Jean. "The Fulani and Cattle Breeds: Crossbreeding and Heritage Strategies." Africa 77, no. 1 (2007): 18–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2007.77.1.18.

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ABSTRACTThis article examines the tensions between memory, identity and livelihoods in the making and transformation of cultural patrimony among Fulani cattle keepers of West Africa. Two areas of cattle breeding are examined: the Grassfields of Cameroon and south-western Burkina Faso. Studies on Fulani livestock raising suggest that each group possesses a particular cattle breed that has not changed with time. While the Fulani are thought to be conservative pastoralists, their livestock management practices suggest otherwise. They cross and change cattle breeds in order to adapt to new ecologi

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Rioba, Naomi B., and Philip C. Stevenson. "Opportunities and Scope for Botanical Extracts and Products for the Management of Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) for Smallholders in Africa." Plants 9, no. 2 (2020): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9020207.

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Fall Armyworm (FAW) (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a polyphagous and highly destructive pest of many crops. It was recently introduced into Africa and now represents a serious threat to food security, particularly because of yield losses in maize, which is the staple food for the majority of small-scale farmers in Africa. The pest has also led to increased production costs, and threatens trade because of quarantines imposed on produce from the affected countries. There is limited specific knowledge on its management among smallholders since it is such a new pest in Africa. Some synthetic insectici

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Saint-Raymond, Agnes, Martin Harvey, and Maria Cavaller. "OC 8431 CLINICAL RESEARCH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: THE IMPACT OF NORTH-SOUTH PARTNERSHIPS." BMJ Global Health 4, Suppl 3 (2019): A5.3—A6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-edc.12.

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BackgroundThe European legislation introduced in 2004 (under article 58) a collaboration tool to increase access to high quality and effective medicines in low- and middle-income countries. The European Medicines Agency (EMA) can provide scientific opinions on medicines intended for significant public health needs, in partnership with the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the relevant ‘target’ non-EU regulatory authorities. This EU-Medicines4all (EU-M4all) initiative contributes to the broader Global Health Mandate of the EU.MethodsWe contacted the pharmaceutical companies holding ‘article 5

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Doorsamy, Wesley, and Kershree Padayachee. "Conceptualising the knower for a new engineering technology curriculum." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 17, no. 4 (2019): 808–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-10-2018-0180.

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Purpose The most recent alteration in engineering technology education in South Africa is the establishment of a new degree qualification – Bachelor of Engineering Technology. The new qualification standards alone do not give a clear distinction between knowers in the engineering technician and engineering technologist categories. This lack of clarity about what knower the new programme is intended to produce is a stumbling block to educators who need to plan, develop and implement the new curriculum. The purpose of this paper is to conceptualise the intended knower dispositions for the new pr

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ROBERTSON, JOHN, and MICHAEL J. LAWES. "User perceptions of conservation and participatory management of iGxalingenwa forest, South Africa." Environmental Conservation 32, no. 1 (2005): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892905001979.

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New forest policies in South Africa seek to reconcile conservation and development objectives by devolving some responsibility for forest management from the state to local communities. Community participation in forest management aims to protect forest-based subsistence livelihoods by incorporating the interests of resource users, while simultaneously diffusing threats to biodiversity by managing resource use. To date, participatory forest management (PFM) has had mixed success in South Africa because the transfer of rights to users has not accompanied changes in policy. A questionnaire surve

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Goosen, C. J., T. J. De Coning, and E. V. D. M. Smit. "The development of a factor based instrument to measure corporate entrepreneurship: A South African perspective." South African Journal of Business Management 33, no. 3 (2002): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v33i3.704.

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This article outlines a conceptual model of corporate entrepreneurship in which management’s influence on an organisation is highlighted. The model is intended to depict the organisational elements that relate to South African industrial organisations. Corporate entrepreneurship or intrapreneurship is represented by a set of three ‘key factors’. Two key factors were taken from the well researched ENTRESCALE (Knight, 1997) and focus externally. The other key factor focuses internally and represents management’s influence on structures and processes, and relations.The model encompasses product l

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Mostert, P. G., D. J. Petzer, and A. Weideman. "The interrelationships between customer satisfaction, brand loyalty and relationship intentions of Generation Y consumers towards smart phone brands." South African Journal of Business Management 47, no. 3 (2016): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v47i3.65.

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Smart phone marketers are finding it difficult to maintain market share in a market characterised by fierce competition and continued new product development. Generation Y consumers generally have a good command of technology and engage in technology-related behaviour such as texting, tweeting and web-surfing. When it comes to the adoption of smart phone applications, it is believed that Generation Y is leading the way. To retain Generation Y consumers, it is critical for organisations to ensure that customer satisfaction is achieved, brand loyalty has to be generated and meaningful long-term

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Masia, Thendo, Kahilu Kajimo-Shakantu, and Akintayo Opawole. "A case study on the implementation of green building construction in Gauteng province, South Africa." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 31, no. 3 (2020): 602–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-04-2019-0085.

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PurposeGreen building is a relatively new concept with limited applications in property development in South Africa. The objectives of this study are therefore threefold: identify key green building principles considered by property developers, establish the benefits of implementing the principles and determine the barriers to its applications.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a case study of two Green Star South Africa (SA)-certified buildings in Sandton, Johannesburg. These are Alexander Forbes building, and Ernst & Young Eris Towers. The two certified buildings were purposefu

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Goldman, Michael M., Mignon Reyneke, and Tendai Mhizha. "Building the BrightRock brand through change." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 6, no. 3 (2016): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-05-2016-0070.

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Subject area This case allows students to engage with classical marketing tenets of branding, media and communications decisions and content marketing within a management framework. Study level/applicability This case is appropriate for an undergraduate or graduate-level programme in marketing management. Case overview Suzanne Stevens was part of a group of four former senior employees of a large life insurance firm that decided to establish a new and innovative South African insurance company, BrightRock. They identified a gap in a large and highly competitive (albeit generic and opaque) insu

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Schafer, Hans-Bernd. "Conditions of Agricultural Growth in Developing Countries (Invited Lecture)." Pakistan Development Review 27, no. 4I (1988): 451–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v27i4ipp.451-472.

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Economic development is hardly possible without an increase in agricultural production. This holds especially true for the development of industry and other non-agricultural sectors. How else should a rapidly increasing population outside the agricultural sector be maintained with necessary agricultural goods? Though this is a simple truth agricultural production, especially food production increase has been far from satisfactory in many developing countries. Between 1974-76 and 1982-84 per capita food production in industrialized countries increased at a much higher rate than in developing co

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