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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Nonlinear Kerr effects"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 1 de junio de 2024

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1

Groot Koerkamp, M., and Theo Rasing. "Giant nonlinear Kerr effects." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 156, no. 1-3 (1996): 213–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-8853(95)00844-6.

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2

Zvezdin, A. K., and N. F. Kubrakov. "Nonlinear magneto-optical Kerr effects." Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics 89, no. 1 (1999): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.558957.

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3

Magaña-Cervantes, Marco A., Richard M. De La Rue, Daniele Modotto, et al. "Kerr nonlinear effects in AlGaAs multimode waveguides." Applied Physics Letters 85, no. 16 (2004): 3390–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1807025.

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4

Manosh, T. M., Muhammed Ashefas, and Ramesh Babu Thayyullathil. "Effects of Kerr medium in coupled cavities on quantum state transfer." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 27, no. 03 (2018): 1850035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863518500352.

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We study the effect of Kerr type nonlinear medium in quantum state transfer (QST). We have investigated the effect of different coupling schemes and Kerr medium parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. We found that the Kerr medium introduced in the connection channel can act like a controller for QST. The numerical simulations are performed without taking the adiabatic approximation. Rotating wave approximation is used in the atom–cavity interaction only in the lower coupling regime.

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5

Kumar Orappanpara Soman, Sunish. "A tutorial on fiber Kerr nonlinearity effect and its compensation in optical communication systems." Journal of Optics 23, no. 12 (2021): 123502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2040-8986/ac362a.

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Abstract The advent of silica-based low-cost standard single-mode fibers revolutionized the whole communication industry. The deployment of optical fibers in the networks induces a paradigm shift in the communication technologies used for long-haul information transfer. However, the communication using the optical fibers is affected by several linear and nonlinear effects. The most common linear effects are attenuation and chromatic dispersion, whereas the dominant nonlinear effect is the Kerr effect. The Kerr effect induces a power-dependent nonlinear distortion for the signal propagating in the optical fiber. The detrimental effects of the Kerr nonlinearity limit the capacity of long-haul optical communication systems. Fiber Kerr nonlinearity compensation using digital signal processing (DSP) techniques has been well investigated over several years. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive tutorial, including the fundamental mathematical analysis, on the characteristics of the optical fiber channel, the origin of the Kerr nonlinearity effect, the theory of the pulse propagation in the optical fiber, and the numerical and analytical tools for solving the pulse propagation equation. In addition, we provide a concise review of various DSP techniques for fiber nonlinearity compensation, such as digital back-propagation, Volterra series-based nonlinearity equalization, perturbation theory-based nonlinearity compensation, and phase conjugation. We also carry out numerical simulation and the complexity evaluation of the selected nonlinearity compensation techniques.

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6

HERMANN, J. A. "SELF-FOCUSING EFFECTS AND APPLICATIONS USING THIN NONLINEAR MEDIA." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 01, no. 03 (1992): 541–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218199192000261.

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A model of the nonlinear optical effects attending the interaction of a laser beam with a thin Kerr-type medium has been analyzed in detail. The formalism developed is applicable to both near- and far-field situations. Some possible applications are discussed.

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7

Ming-Jun Li, Shenping Li, and D. A. Nolan. "Nonlinear fibers for signal processing using optical Kerr effects." Journal of Lightwave Technology 23, no. 11 (2005): 3606–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2005.857768.

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8

Lu, Shao-Shuai, Yong-Pan Gao, Tie-Jun Wang, and Chuan Wang. "The Nonlinear Effects of a Kerr-Resonator Optomechanical System." International Journal of Theoretical Physics 57, no. 4 (2017): 957–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10773-017-3628-8.

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9

Nikolopoulos, Georgios M. "Effects of Kerr Nonlinearity in Physical Unclonable Functions." Applied Sciences 12, no. 23 (2022): 11985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122311985.

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We address the question of whether the presence of Kerr nonlinearity in multiple-scattering optical media offers any advantage with respect to the design of physical unclonable functions. Our results suggest that under certain conditions, nonlinear physical unclonable functions can be more robust against the potential cloning of the medium relative to their linear counterparts that have been exploited in the context of various cryptographic applications.

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10

Kovachev, Lubomir M. "Optical vortices in dispersive nonlinear Kerr-type media." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 2004, no. 18 (2004): 949–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171204301018.

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The applied method of slowly varying amplitudes gives us the possibility to reduce the nonlinear vector integrodifferential wave equation of the electrical and magnetic vector fields to the amplitude vector nonlinear differential equations. Using this approximation, different orders of dispersion of the linear and nonlinear susceptibility can be estimated. Critical values of parameters to observe different linear and nonlinear effects are determined. The obtained amplitude equations are a vector version of3D+1nonlinear Schrödinger equation (VNSE) describing the evolution of slowly varying amplitudes of electrical and magnetic fields in dispersive nonlinear Kerr-type media. We show that VNSE admits exact vortex solutions with classical orbital momentumℓ=1and finite energy. Dispersion region and medium parameters necessary for experimental observation of these vortices are determined.

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11

Zhou, Ya-Fei, Li-Guo Qin, Jie-Hui Huang, et al. "Electrically controlled optical nonlinear effects in the hybrid opto-electromechanical system with the cross-Kerr effect." Journal of Applied Physics 131, no. 19 (2022): 194401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0091211.

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We theoretically study the nonlinear optical phenomena including optical stability state and four-wave mixing (FWM) process in a hybrid opto-electromechanical system with the cross-Kerr (CK) effect. The hybrid system consists of an optomechanical cavity in which the cross-Kerr (CK) effect and Coulomb interaction are simultaneously introduced by the CK medium and the mechanical resonator capacitively coupling to an external circuit, respectively. The CK interaction induces a tristability behavior of the mean intracavity photon number, which can be modulated by the strength of the CK effect and electrically controlled by the voltage on the capacitor. In addition, we give the effects of the optomechanical, CK, and Coulomb coupling strengths on the FWM of the output field. The results show that the voltage can be employed to electrically engineer the optical nonlinear phenomena.

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12

Abdelwahed, H. G., Mahmoud A. E. Abdelrahman, S. Alghanim, and N. F. Abdo. "Higher-order Kerr nonlinear and dispersion effects on fiber optics." Results in Physics 26 (July 2021): 104268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2021.104268.

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13

Rasing, Th, M. Groot Koerkamp, B. Koopmans, and H. v. d. Berg. "Giant nonlinear magneto-optical Kerr effects from Fe interfaces (invited)." Journal of Applied Physics 79, no. 8 (1996): 6181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362066.

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14

Déjardin, Jean‐Louis. "Nonlinear Kerr effect relaxation including inertial effects in alternating fields." Journal of Chemical Physics 95, no. 1 (1991): 576–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.461459.

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15

Cheng, Ze. "Quantum effects of thermal radiation in a Kerr nonlinear blackbody." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 19, no. 7 (2002): 1692. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.19.001692.

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16

Smirnov, Yu G., and D. V. Valovik. "Nonlinear Effects of Electromagnetic TM Wave Propagation in Anisotropic Layer with Kerr Nonlinearity." Advances in Mathematical Physics 2012 (2012): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/609765.

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The problem of electromagnetic TM wave propagation through a layer with Kerr nonlinearity is considered. The layer is located between two half-spaces with constant permittivities. This electromagnetic problem is reduced to the nonlinear boundary eigenvalue problem for ordinary differential equations. It is necessary to find eigenvalues of the problem (propagation constants of an electromagnetic wave). The dispersion equation (DE) for the eigenvalues is derived. The DE is applied to nonlinear metamaterial as well. Comparison with a linear case is also made. In the nonlinear problem there are new eigenvalues and new eigenwaves. Numerical results are presented.

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17

Falconieri, Mauro, Serena Gagliardi, Flaminia Rondino, Michele Marrocco, and Waruna D. Kulatilaka. "Study of Impulsive Stimulated Raman Scattering Effects Using the Femtosecond Pump–Probe Z-Scan Technique." Applied Sciences 11, no. 24 (2021): 11667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112411667.

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Impulsive stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) is a nonlinear pump–probe spectroscopy technique particularly suitable to study vibrational intermolecular and intramolecular modes in complex systems. For the latter, recent studies of ISRS microscopy with low-energy laser sources have attracted attention for investigation of photosensitive or biological samples. Following this stream of interest, in this paper, we report an investigation on the relationship between femtosecond ISRS data and pump–probe Z-scan measurements, showing that the latter technique is capable of capturing the Kerr nonlinearities induced by the molecular vibrational modes. To this aim, firstly, spectrally filtered and Raman-induced Kerr ISRS signals were simultaneously acquired to determine the sample nonlinear response and to establish the reference data for the Z-scan analysis. Then, by adopting a suitable experimental arrangement to avoid thermo-optical effects, we were able to unambiguously observe the Raman-induced effects in Z-scan measurements, thus obtaining a consistent picture between ISRS and Z-scan for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. Practical applications of the proposed method include calibrated measurements of the contribution of the internal (Raman) and external molecular modes to the nonlinear refractive index.

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18

Garcia-de-los-Rios, Victor Manuel, Jose Alberto Arano-Martinez, Martin Trejo-Valdez, Mónica Araceli Vidales-Hurtado, Gina Gallegos-García, and Carlos Torres-Torres. "Dual-Criteria Decision Analysis by Multiphotonic Effects in Nanostructured ZnO." Micromachines 15, no. 5 (2024): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi15050579.

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Simultaneous interrogation of pump and probe beams interacting in ZnO nanostructures of a two-wave mixing is proposed for dual-path data processing of optical signals by nonlinear optical effects. An enhancement in third-order nonlinear optical properties was exhibited by Al-doped ZnO thin films. Multiphoton absorption and nonlinear refraction were explored by the z-scan technique at 532 nm with nanosecond pulses. The evolution of the optical Kerr effect in the ZnO thin films was analyzed as a function of the incorporation of Al in the sample by a vectorial two-wave mixing method. Electrical and photoconductive effects were evaluated to further characterize the influence of Al in the ZnO solid samples. Potential applications of nonlinear optical parameters for encoding and encrypting information in light can be envisioned.

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19

Oksenhendler, Thomas, Stefan Bock, and Ulrich Schramm. "Instantaneous Frequency Representation Used for CPA Laser Simulation." Applied Sciences 11, no. 19 (2021): 8934. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11198934.

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In the current study, we present a novel intuitive graphical method for the simulation of nonlinear effects on stretched pulses, characterized by a large time-bandwidth product. By way of example, this method allows precise determination of effects occurring in CPA (chirped pulse amplification) laser chains, such as the pre-pulse generation by the nonlinear Kerr effect. This method is not limited to first-order dispersion and can handle all resulting distortions of the generated pre-pulse.

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20

MENEZES, J. W. M., J. R. R. SOUSA, M. B. C. COSTA, et al. "NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF THE INSTANTANEOUS AND RELAXED KERR MODEL FOR GENERATION OF THE ALL-OPTICAL LOGIC GATES WITH TRIANGULAR FIBER COUPLER (TFC)." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 21, no. 03 (2012): 1250037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863512500373.

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All-optical logic gates can enable many advanced functions such as all-optical bit-pattern recognition, all-optical bit-error rate monitoring, all-optical packet address and payload separation, all-optical label swapping and all-optical packet drop in optical time domain multiplexing (OTDM) networks. Recently, much attention has been given to the influence of the relaxation process (sometimes called the Debye relaxation model) of the nonlinear response because the usual assumption of instantaneous nonlinear response fails for ultrashort pulses and additional contributions coming from nonlinear dispersion and relaxed nonlinearity have to be taken into account. The Kerr–Debye model is a relaxation of the nonlinear Kerr model in which the relaxation coefficient is a finite response time of the nonlinear material. In this paper, we have presented a numerical analysis of the triangular fiber coupler (TFC) for generation of the all-optical logic gates with nonlinear optical (NLO) properties, where we consider the nonlinear effects Kerr group velocity dispersion (GVD) and self-phase modulation (SPM) instantaneous and relaxed (Kerr–Debye model). To implement all-optical logic gates we used TFC of three symmetric configurations [Instantaneous (III), Relaxed (RRR-5 and RRR-9)]. In the instantaneous condition, the TFC is made up of silica optical fibers (with instantaneous response time — indicated by III) and in the relaxed conditions (RRR-5 and RRR-9) the TFC is made up of fibers with delayed response time of around 25 ps (for example, the polymer optical fibers). In our paper, we are interested in the transmission characteristics, the XRatio level (XR (dB)) as a function of the ΔΦ parameter, the normalized time duration (NTD) and the pulse evolution along the TFC and finally to compare the performance of all-optical logic gates, we will use the figure-of-merit of the logic gates (FOMELG (dB)) defined as a function of the extinction ratio of the gate outputs. All results were obtained numerically, considering a very simple model for generation of a optical logic gates.

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21

Belotelov, V. I., A. P. Pyatakov, G. G. Musaev, S. A. Eremin, and A. K. Zvezdin. "Nonlinear intensity-related magneto-optical Kerr effects in the planar geometry." Optics and Spectroscopy 91, no. 4 (2001): 626–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1412684.

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22

Fedyanin, A. A., O. A. Aktsipetrov, D. Kobayashi, K. Nishimura, H. Uchida, and M. Inoue. "Enhanced Faraday and nonlinear magneto-optical Kerr effects in magnetophotonic crystals." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 282 (November 2004): 256–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.04.058.

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23

Kowalewska-Kudłaszyk, A., and W. Leoński. "Sudden death and birth of entanglement effects for Kerr-nonlinear coupler." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 26, no. 7 (2009): 1289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.26.001289.

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24

Han, Yang, Bo Tian, Xue-Hui Zhao, and Yu-Qiang Yuan. "Dark solitons for a (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with distributed coefficients in a diffractive nonlinear Kerr medium with anomalous dispersion." Modern Physics Letters B 33, no. 29 (2019): 1950361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984919503615.

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Kerr media are applied in the photonic lattices and optical fibers, while optical fiber communication becomes one of the main pillars of modern communication. In this letter, we study a (3[Formula: see text]+[Formula: see text]1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with distributed coefficients for the spatiotemporal optical solitons or light bullets in a diffractive nonlinear Kerr medium with anomalous dispersion. The N-dark soliton solutions in terms of the Gramian is obtained via the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili hierarchy reduction, where N is a positive integer. Via the graphic analysis, we observe the interaction of the two dark solitons. Effects from the diffraction/dispersion coefficient [Formula: see text] and gain coefficient [Formula: see text] are also discussed on the amplitudes and oscillations of the two dark solitons, as well as on the interaction of the two dark parabolic shape solitons.

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25

M, Khelladi. "FEMTOSECOND LASER PULSE PROPAGATION IN NOVEL FIBER: TELLURITE GLASS CODOPED ER3+/TM3+." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 1 (2019): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i1.2019.1039.

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In this work we investigated propagation of ultrashort laser pulses in Tellurite glass codoped Er3+/Tm3+. We derived a general propagation equation of pulses which includes the linear and nonlinear effects to all orders. We studied in the specific case of Kerr media and obtained an ultrashort pulse propagation equation called a generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The impact of the third order dispersion, the higher-order nonlinear terms self-steepening, and stimulated Raman scattering are explicitly analyzed.

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26

Romashkina, A. M., V. B. Novikov, and T. V. Murzina. "Nonlinear TMOKE enhancement in 1D Au/Py magnetoplasmonic crystals." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2015, no. 1 (2021): 012126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2015/1/012126.

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Abstract Resonant optical properties of the magnetoplasmonic crystals, which support propagation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) accompanied by magnetooptical effects, have found success in magnetic field driven control of optical radiation. In this work we investigate the resonant magnetooptical effects in the second harmonic generation in the magnetoplasmonic crystal formed by gold/pemalloy bifilm covering dielectric grating. Strong transverse magnetooptical Kerr with the contrast up to 30% is revealed in the spectral vicinity of the SPP excitation.

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27

Zinelabiddine, Mezache, and Benabdelaziz Fatiha. "Effect of the Nonlinear Parameters on the Propagation in Bi-isotropic Media." International Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Numerical Simulation 18, no. 6 (2017): 541–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijnsns-2017-0055.

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AbstractThis paper is an attempt to compare the nonlinear chiroptical and non-reciprocity effects of bi-isotropic media. The nonlinearity used is of a Kerr type. Following the approach of Mezache–Benabdelaziz, recently new nonlinear effects are characterized in a bi-anisotropic medium, which is due to the magnetization vector under the influence of a strong electric field. We then use these results to present the solution of nonlinear Schrödinger equation in the general case of bi-isotropic (chiral and non-reciprocal). Numerical simulations were carried out, in order to confirm the effect of the nonlinear chiroptical and non-reciprocity on the propagation analysis.

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28

Huszaník, Tomáš, Ján Turán, and Ĺuboš Ovseník. "Mitigation of Fiber Nonlinear Effects in 1.28 Tbps DQPSK Modulated DWDM System." Electronics ETF 23, no. 1 (2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/els1923003h.

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The main limitation factor of high capacity multichannel DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) systems are fiber nonlinear effects. The optical signal is severely degraded due to fiber nonlinear effects also known as Kerr fiber nonlinearity. Nonlinear effects under investigation are self-phase modulation (SPM) and cross-phase modulation (XPM). There are several methods to compensate these nonlinear distorts, some less or more effective. Nonlinear distort due to SPM and XPM can be effectively mitigated through implementation of optical DQPSK modulation over commonly used intensity modulation known as OOK (On-Off Keying). This paper presents a numerical simulation model of 1.28 Tbps DWDM system with optical DQPSK modulation. We present several scenarios and methods to mitigate fiber nonlinear effects including Fractional Fourier Transform (FrFT). Linear and nonlinear effects are considered together, so we implement the inline FrFT module in the optical domain which causes a time-frequency plane rotation to mitigate combined linear and nonlinear effects. The performance of proposed 1.28 Tbps DQPSK modulated DWDM system is evaluated in term of bit error rate (BER) and Q factor value.

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29

ODA, HISAYA, AKIO YAMANAKA, NAOKI IKEDA, YOSHIMASA SUGIMOTO, and KIYOSHI ASAKAWA. "NONLINEAR OPTICAL EFFECTS IN PHOTONIC-CRYSTAL SLAB LINE-DEFECT WAVEGUIDE FOR ULTRAFAST ALL-OPTICAL SWITCH." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 20, no. 01 (2011): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863511005875.

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In order to develop an ultra fast all-optical switch, we have studied optical Kerr effect and two photon absorption in photonic crystal line defect waveguides. Based on these results, we have succeeded in all-optical Mach-Zehnder interferometer switching.

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30

Singh, Sunita, K. Priyabrat Pandey, Abhishek K. Singh, and Supriya Kar. "Quantum Kerr(Newman) degenerate stringy vacua in 4D on a non-BPS brane." International Journal of Modern Physics A 29, no. 29 (2014): 1450164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x14501644.

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We investigate some of the quantum gravity effects on a vacuum created pair of [Formula: see text]-brane by a nonlinear U(1) gauge theory on a D4-brane. In particular, we obtain a four-dimensional quantum Kerr–(Newman) black hole in an effective torsion curvature formalism sourced by a two form dynamics in the worldvolume of a D4-brane on S1. Interestingly, the event horizon is found to be independent of a nonlinear electric charge and the 4D quantum black hole is shown to describe degenerate vacua in string theory. We show that the quantum Kerr brane universe possesses its origin in a de Sitter vacuum. In a nearly S2-symmetric limit, the Kerr geometries may seen to describe a Schwarzschild and Reissner–Nordstrom quantum black holes. It is argued that a quantum Reissner–Nordstrom tunnels to a large class of degenerate Schwarzschild vacua. In a low energy limit, the nonlinear electric charge becomes significant at the expense of the degeneracies. In the limit, the quantum geometries may identify with the semiclassical black holes established in Einstein gravity. Analysis reveals that a quantum geometry on a vacuum created D3-brane universe may be described by a low energy perturbative string vacuum in presence of a nonperturbative quantum correction.

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31

Miano, A., G. Liu, V. V. Sivak, et al. "Frequency-tunable Kerr-free three-wave mixing with a gradiometric SNAIL." Applied Physics Letters 120, no. 18 (2022): 184002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0083350.

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Three-wave mixing is a key process in superconducting quantum information processing, being involved in quantum-limited amplification and parametric coupling between superconducting cavities. These operations can be implemented by superconducting nonlinear asymmetric inductive element (SNAIL)-based devices that present a Kerr-free flux-bias point where unwanted parasitic effects, such as Stark shift, are suppressed. However, with a single flux-bias parameter, these circuits can only host one Kerr-free point, limiting the range of their applications. In this Letter, we demonstrate how to overcome this constraint by introducing the gradiometric SNAIL, a doubly flux biased superconducting circuit in which both effective inductance and Kerr coefficient can be independently tuned. Experimental data show the capability of the gradiometric SNAIL to suppress the Kerr effect in a three-wave mixing parametric amplifier over a continuum of flux bias points corresponding to a 1.7 GHz range of operating frequencies.

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32

Younessi, B., M. Sahrai, R. Aghbulaghi, and J. B. Poursamad. "Phase-sensitive Kerr nonlinearity of V-type atoms-doped dielectric slab." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 26, no. 04 (2017): 1750053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863517500539.

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We investigate the linear and nonlinear dispersion and absorption properties of a weak probe field in a slab doped with V-type atoms. The effect of relative phase between applied fields on linear and nonlinear dispersion and absorption is discussed. It is demonstrated that the system is phase-sensitive when spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) exists. The effects of coupling field intensity, incoherent pump, and phase difference between probe and coupling fields on Kerr nonlinearity are also presented.

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33

Morimoto, Takahiro, and Naoto Nagaosa. "Topological nature of nonlinear optical effects in solids." Science Advances 2, no. 5 (2016): e1501524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501524.

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There are a variety of nonlinear optical effects including higher harmonic generations, photovoltaic effects, and nonlinear Kerr rotations. They are realized by strong light irradiation to materials that results in nonlinear polarizations in the electric field. These are of great importance in studying the physics of excited states of the system as well as for applications to optical devices and solar cells. Nonlinear properties of materials are usually described by nonlinear susceptibilities, which have complex expressions including many matrix elements and energy denominators. On the other hand, a nonequilibrium steady state under an electric field periodic in time has a concise description in terms of the Floquet bands of electrons dressed by photons. We show theoretically, using the Floquet formalism, that various nonlinear optical effects, such as the shift current in noncentrosymmetric materials, photovoltaic Hall response, and photo-induced change of order parameters under the continuous irradiation of monochromatic light, can be described in a unified fashion by topological quantities involving the Berry connection and Berry curvature. We found that vector fields defined with the Berry connections in the space of momentum and/or parameters govern the nonlinear responses. This topological view offers a route to designing nonlinear optical materials.

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34

Karayan, H. S., and A. G. Chibukhchyan. "DEFINITION OF CONTROL SIGNALS FOR PERFORMING CERTAIN GATES BY KERR CELLS IN A NONLINEAR RESONATOR." Proceedings of the YSU A: Physical and Mathematical Sciences 51, no. 2 (243) (2017): 199–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/pysu:a/2017.51.2.199.

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Considered the effects of external optical signals on the entangled states of the Fock of Kerr qubits in a nonlinear resonator. The necessary time dependence of the Hamiltonian for the realization of negation, Hadamard and controlled negation operators for the algebra of quantum logic have been found.

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35

Bundulis, Arturs, Anete Berzina, Vyacheslav V. Kim, Boris Polyakov, Aleksandrs Novikovs, and Rashid A. Ganeev. "Variation of Nonlinear Refraction and Three-Photon Absorption of Indium–Tin Oxide Quantum Dot Thin Films and Solutions in Near Infrared Range." Nanomaterials 13, no. 16 (2023): 2320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13162320.

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We characterize the nonlinear optical properties of indium–tin oxide (ITO) quantum dots (QDs) in the IR range using the Z-scan method. We present results of three-photon absorption (3PA), third harmonic generation (3HG), and Kerr-effect-induced nonlinear refraction in ITO QDs. Z-scan measurements were carried out for the QDs solution, while 3HG was demonstrated using QD thin films. The Kerr-induced nonlinear refractive index was analyzed along the 800–950 nm range showing an increase in this parameter from −6.7 × 10−18 to −1.5 × 10−17 m2 W−1. At longer wavelengths (1000–1100 nm), the higher-order effects started to contribute to a nonlinear refractive index. The 3PA coefficient at 950 nm was measured to be 1.42 × 10−25 m3/W2. We discuss the peculiarities in the wavelength-dependent variation of the coefficient of nonlinear absorption responsible for 3PA in the range of 800–1150 nm. Third harmonic generation was analyzed in the 1200–1550 nm spectral range. The absolute value of 3HG conversion efficiency in the 150 nm thick film at the wavelength of laser radiation (1350 nm) was estimated to be ~10–5.

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36

HATSAGORTSYAN, K. Z., and G. YU KRYUCHKYAN. "PHOTON-PHOTON INTERACTION IN STRUCTURED QED VACUUM." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 15 (January 2012): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194512006915.

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In spatially structured strong laser fields, quantum electrodynamical vacuum behaves like a nonlinear Kerr medium with modulated third-order susceptibility where new coherent nonlinear effects arise due to modulation. We consider the enhancement of vacuum polarization and magnetization via coherent spatial vacuum effects in the photon-photon interaction process during scattering of a probe laser beam on parallel focused laser beams. Both processes of elastic and inelastic four wave-mixing in structured QED vacuum accompanied with Bragg interference are investigated. The phase-matching conditions and coherent effects in the presence of Bragg grating are analyzed for photon-photon scattering.

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37

HUANG, ZHONGHUA, AIXI CHEN, ZHAOCHU CHEN, and LI DENG. "CONTROL OF ABSORPTION AND KERR NONLINEARITY BASED ON QUANTUM COHERENCE WITHOUT DRIVING FIELD." Modern Physics Letters B 24, no. 30 (2010): 2921–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984910025310.

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In a three-level atomic system, the influences of spontaneously generated coherence on the linear absorption and the Kerr nonlinearity are investigated. Our studies show that properties of linear absorption can be dramatically affected by the effect of spontaneously generated coherence. With increase of intensities of spontaneously generated coherence, absorption inhibition will occur, and finally the atomic medium becomes transparent. Furthermore, we find that the Kerr nonlinearity can be obviously enhanced under the action of effects of spontaneously generated coherence. Comparing with traditional scheme of the electromagnetically induced transparency, absorption and Kerr nonlinearity can be controlled without need another driving field in our scheme.

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38

Parshani, Idan, Leon Bello, Mallachi-Elia Meller, and Avi Pe’er. "Kerr-Lens Mode-Locking: Numerical Simulation of the Spatio-Temporal Dynamics on All Time Scales." Applied Sciences 12, no. 20 (2022): 10354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122010354.

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We present a complete numerical analysis and simulation of the full spatio-temporal dynamics of Kerr-lens mode-locking in a laser. This dynamic, which is the workhorse mechanism for generating ultrashort pulses, relies on the intricate coupling between the spatial nonlinear propagation and the temporal nonlinear compression. Our numerical tool emulates the dynamical evolution of the optical field in the cavity on all time-scales: the fast time scale of the pulse envelope within a single round trip, and the slow time-scale between round-trips. We employ a nonlinear ABCD formalism that fully handles all relevant effects in the laser, namely—self focusing and diffraction, dispersion and self-phase modulation, and space-dependent loss and gain saturation. We confirm the validity of our model by reproducing the pulse-formation in all aspects: The evolution of the pulse energy, duration, and gain during the entire cavity buildup, demonstrating the nonlinear mode competition in full, as well as the dependence of the final pulse in steady state on the interplay between gain bandwidth, dispersion, and self-phase modulation. The direct observation of the nonlinear evolution of the pulse in space-time is a key enabler to analyze and optimize the Kerr-lens mode-locking operation, as well as to explore new nonlinear phenomena.

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39

SOHBATZADEH, F., S. MIRZANEJHAD, and M. GHALANDARI. "Optical guiding in a plasma channel having top-hat refractive index radial profile." Journal of Plasma Physics 78, no. 1 (2011): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377811000341.

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AbstractIn this paper, intense laser pulse guiding through a weakly ionized plasma channel is studied numerically. The radial profile of the channel refractive index is assumed to be top-hat. The propagating intense laser pulses are Gaussian TEM00 and Laguerre–Gaussian LG01 modes. The analysis includes the effects of plasma density inhomogeneity, diffraction, further ionization by the propagating laser pulse and nonlinearity arising from the nonlinear Kerr effect. Matched conditions are obtained for both TEM00 and LG01 laser modes for a top-hat refractive index profile. It is seen that the electron density profile changes the matched condition in the transmission of the laser pulse through the plasma channel. It is also shown that the nonlinear Kerr effect changes the matched condition and becomes the dominant effect in intense laser pulse propagation through the weakly ionized plasma channel.

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40

Lin, Guoping, and Qinghai Song. "Kerr Frequency Comb Interaction with Raman, Brillouin, and Second Order Nonlinear Effects." Laser & Photonics Reviews 16, no. 1 (2021): 2100184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202100184.

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41

Anwar, Syed Jamal, M. Usman, M. Ramzan, and M. Khalid Khan. "Quantum Fisher Information and Entanglement of Moving Two Two-Level Atoms under the Influence of Environmental Effects." Physics 1, no. 1 (2019): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/physics1010013.

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We have investigated numerically the dynamics of quantum Fisher information (QFI) and quantum entanglement (QE) of a two moving two-level atomic systems interacting with a coherent and thermal field in the presence of intrinsic decoherence (ID) and Kerr (non-linear medium) and Stark effects. The state of the entire system interacting with coherent and thermal fields is evaluated numerically under the influence of ID and Kerr (nonlinear) and Stark effects. QFI and von Neumann entropy (VNE) decrease in the presence of ID when the atomic motion is neglected. QFI and QE show an opposite response during its time evolution in the presence of a thermal environment. QFI is found to be more susceptible to ID as compared to QE in the presence of a thermal environment. The decay of QE is further damped at greater time-scales, which confirms the fact that ID heavily influences the system’s dynamics in a thermal environment. However, a periodic behavior of entanglement is observed due to atomic motion, which becomes modest under environmental effects. It is found that a non-linear Kerr medium has a prominent effect on the VNE but not on the QFI. Furthermore, it has been observed that QFI and QE decay soon under the influence of the Stark effect in the absence of atomic motion. The periodic response of QFI and VNE is observed for both the non-linear Kerr medium and the Stark effect in the presence of atomic motion. It is observed that the Stark, Kerr, ID, and thermal environment have significant effects during the time evolution of the quantum system.

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42

Valovik, D. V., and Yu G. Smirnov. "Nonlinear effects in the problem of propagation of TM electromagnetic waves in a Kerr nonlinear layer." Journal of Communications Technology and Electronics 56, no. 3 (2011): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1064226911030120.

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43

VASEGHI, B., G. REZAEI, and S. KHORSHIDIAN. "NONLINEAR EFFECTS ON THE ENTANGLEMENT BETWEEN QUANTIZED ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS AND 3-LEVEL ATOMS." International Journal of Quantum Information 09, no. 07n08 (2011): 1653–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749911008295.

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In this paper, we study the entanglement dynamics, its measure, and mean photon number of the field in the interaction between a quantized electromagnetic field and a 3-level atom surrounded by a nonlinear Kerr-like medium. Using the density matrix approach, we have calculated the time evolution of the entanglement and its magnitude at an arbitrary time, for different nonlinear coupling constant. Moreover, to show the effects of nonlinearity on the atom–field interaction and its relation with the entanglement the mean photon number of the field is also presented as a function of nonlinear coupling strength, χ. The results show that, envelope of entanglement fluctuation, their duration and amplitude strongly depend on the nonlinear coupling strength. Since the entanglement decreases with increasing nonlinearity, the mean number of photons reaches a constant value as a result of absorption increment by the surrounding medium.

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44

Радовская, В. В., А. И. Майдыковский, В. Б. Новиков та ін. "Генерация магнитоиндуцированной второй гармоники в тонких пленках с интерфейсами ферромагнетик/антиферромагнетик". Физика твердого тела 64, № 9 (2022): 1351. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftt.2022.09.52832.48hh.

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We experimentally studied the generation of optical second harmonic (SH) and magneto-optical effects at the SH frequency in thin films consisting of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic materials, including exchange-bonded layers, one of which is pinned with an antiferromagnetic layer. As expected, the loops of the linear magneto-optical Kerr effect are shifted relative to the zero magnetic field value, which reflects the presence of a pronounced exchange interaction in such structures. It is shown that in the case of the nonlinear Kerr magneto-optical effect this effect is also present, but it is significantly smaller than in the nonlinear case, and leads to the observation of only one hysteresis loop instead of two. The studied dependence of the magneto-optical response at the TH frequency on the probing laser radiation power demonstrates that its growth leads to a decrease in the magnetic hysteresis loop shift of the TH.

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45

Cortiñas, Rodrigo G. "Towards the generation of mechanical Kerr-cats: awakening the perturbative quantum Moyal corrections to classical motion." New Journal of Physics 26, no. 2 (2024): 023022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ad1e90.

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Abstract The quantum to classical transition is determined by the interplay of a trio of parameters: dissipation, nonlinearity, and macroscopicity. Why is nonlinearity needed to see quantum effects? And, is not an ordinary pendulum quite nonlinear already? In this manuscript, we discuss the parameter regime where the dynamics of a massive oscillator should be quantum mechanical in the presence of dissipation. We review the outstanding challenge of the dynamical generation of highly quantum mechanical cat states of a massive ‘pendulum’, known as Kerr-cats. We argue that state-of-the-art cold atom experiments may be in a position to reach such a nonlinear regime, which today singles out superconducting quantum circuits. A way to stabilize Schrödinger cat superpositions of a mechanical atomic oscillator via parametric squeezing and further protected by an unusual form of quantum interference is discussed. The encoding of a neutral atom Kerr-cat qubit is proposed.

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46

Павлов, В. В. "Линейные и нелинейные магнитооптические явления в эпитаксиальных плeнках халькогенидов европия EuX (X=O, Se, Te)". Физика твердого тела 61, № 3 (2019): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftt.2019.03.47248.263.

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AbstractThe studies of magneto-optical effects in epitaxial films of magnetic semiconductors—europium chalcogenides EuX (X = O, Se, Te) are presented: linear and quadratic magneto-optical Kerr effects, photo-induced Faraday effect, magnetically-induced optical second and third harmonics generation, the inverse Faraday effect, and the phenomenon of optical orientation. A large quadratic magneto-optical Kerr effect was found in EuO and (Eu, Gd)O films. Photo-induced spin polarons with a huge value of the magnetic moment were studied in europium chalcogenides EuTe and EuSe using the optical pump-probe technique. In the same materials, a new type of nonlinear magneto-optical susceptibility, which is responsible for the optical second harmonic generation and associated with the magnetic ordering of the spins of Eu^2+ ions, is revealed.

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47

Radovskaia V. V., Maydykovskiy A. I., Novikov V. B., et al. "Magnetization induced second harmonic generation in thin films with ferromagnet/antiferromagnet interfaces." Physics of the Solid State 64, no. 9 (2022): 1336. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/pss.2022.09.54177.48hh.

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We experimentally studied the generation of optical second harmonic (SH) and magneto-optical effects at the SH frequency in thin films consisting of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic materials, including exchange-bonded layers, one of which is pinned with an antiferromagnetic layer. As expected, the loops of the linear magneto-optical Kerr effect are shifted relative to the zero magnetic field value, which reflects the presence of a pronounced exchange interaction in such structures. It is shown that in the case of the nonlinear Kerr magneto-optical effect this effect is also present, but it is significantly smaller than in the nonlinear case, and leads to the observation of only one hysteresis loop instead of two. The studied dependence of the magneto-optical response at the TH frequency on the probing laser radiation power demonstrates that its growth leads to a decrease in the magnetic hysteresis loop shift of the TH. Keywords: magnetization-induced SHG, ferromagnet/antiferromagnet interface, pinned structure, thin films

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48

Daryakar, Navid, and Christin David. "Thin Films of Nonlinear Metallic Amorphous Composites." Nanomaterials 12, no. 19 (2022): 3359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12193359.

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We studied the nonlinear optical response of metallic amorphous composite layers in terms of a self-phase-modulated, third-order Kerr nonlinearity. A nonlinear effective medium theory was used to describe low densities of gold and iridium nanoparticles embedded in an equally nonlinear host material. The fill fraction strongly influences the effective nonlinear susceptibility of the materials, increasing it by orders of magnitude in the case of gold due to localized surface plasmonic resonances. The enhancement of the nonlinear strength in amorphous composites with respect to the bulk material has an upper limit in metallic composites as dominating absorption effects take over at higher fill factors. Both saturated and induced absorption in the thin films of amorphous composites were observed depending on the selected frequency and relative position to the resonant frequency of electron excitation in the metallic inclusions. We demonstrated the depths to which thin films are affected by nonlinear enhancement effects.

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49

Xiao, Zi-Jian, Bo Tian, Xiao-Yu Wu, Lei Liu, and Yan Sun. "Soliton interactions of a (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation in a nonlinear photonic quasicrystal or Kerr medium." Modern Physics Letters B 31, no. 22 (2017): 1750130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984917501305.

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Under investigation are the soliton interactions for a (2[Formula: see text]+[Formula: see text]1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which can describe the dynamics of a nonlinear photonic quasi-crystal or vortex Airy beam in a Kerr medium. With the symbolic computation and Hirota method, analytic bright N-soliton and dark two-soliton solutions are derived. Graphic description of the soliton properties and interactions in a nonlinear photonic quasicrystal or Kerr medium is done. Through the analysis on bright and dark one solitons, effects of the optical wavenumber/linear opposite wavenumber and nonlinear coefficient on the soliton amplitude and width are studied: when the absolute value of the optical wavenumber or linear opposite wavenumber increases, bright soliton amplitude and dark soliton width become smaller; nonlinear coefficient has the same influence on the bright soliton as that of the optical wavenumber or linear opposite wavenumber, but does not affect the dark soliton amplitude or width. Overtaking/periodic interactions between the bright two solitons and overtaking interactions between the dark two solitons are illustrated. Overtaking interactions show that the bright soliton with a larger amplitude moves faster and overtakes the smaller, while the dark soliton with a smaller amplitude moves faster and overtakes the larger. When the absolute value of the optical wavenumber or linear opposite wavenumber increases, the periodic-interaction period becomes longer. All the above interactions are elastic. Through the interactions, soliton amplitudes and shapes keep invariant except for some phase shifts.

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50

SURYANTO, A., E. VAN GROESEN, and M. HAMMER. "WEAKLY NONPARAXIAL EFFECTS ON THE PROPAGATION OF (1+1)D SPATIAL SOLITONS IN INHOMOGENEOUS KERR MEDIA." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 14, no. 02 (2005): 203–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863505002621.

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The widely-used approach to study the beam propagation in Kerr media is based on the slowly varying envelope approximation (SVEA) which is also known as the paraxial approximation. Within this approximation, the beam evolution is described by the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation. In this paper, we extend the NLS equation by including higher-order terms to study the effects of nonparaxiality on the soliton propagation in inhomogeneous Kerr media. The result is still a one-way wave equation which means that all back-reflections are neglected. The accuracy of this approximation exceeds the standard SVEA. By performing several numerical simulations, we show that the NLS equation produces reasonably good predictions for relatively small degrees of nonparaxiality, as expected. However, in the regions where the envelope beam is changing rapidly as in the breakup of a multisoliton bound state, the nonparaxiality plays an important role.

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