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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Objets spatiaux"

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Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021
Última modificación: 16 de febrero de 2022

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1

Billen, Roland y Eliseo Clementini. "Etude des caractéristiques projectives des objets spatiaux et de leurs relations". Revue internationale de géomatique 14, n.º 2 (30 de junio de 2004): 145–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rig.14.145-165.

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Dumont, Marc. "Les micro-territoires dans l’aménagement urbain, objets spatiaux et sociaux paradoxaux". Norois, n.º 193 (1 de diciembre de 2004): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/norois.731.

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Dumont, Marc y Marie-Pierre Anglade. "D'une géographie des " objets spatiaux " à une approche sociologique du " cadre spatial " : L'espace en confrontation". Travaux de l'Institut Géographique de Reims 30, n.º 119 (2004): 141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/tigr.2004.1484.

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4

Baudoz, Pierre. "Les futures missions spatiales dédiées aux planètes extrasolaires". Photoniques, n.º 95 (enero de 2019): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/photon/20199534.

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Avec 4000 planètes découvertes en 20 ans dont plus de la moitié dans les trois dernières années, l’étude des planètes extrasolaires est devenue un thème majeur de l’astronomie moderne. La découverte de planètes différentes de celles observées dans notre système solaire interroge les modèles de formation et d’évolution des systèmes planétaires. Pour bien comprendre la nature de ces nouveaux objets, les données actuelles sont trop limitées et des grands projets notamment spatiaux seront nécessaires dans les années qui viennent.
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Bunel, Mattia, Ana-Maria Olteanu-Raimond y Cécile Duchêne. "Objets et relations spatiales composites et prise en compte du vague pour interpréter un référencement spatial indirect". Revue Internationale de Géomatique 29, n.º 1 (enero de 2019): 81–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rig.2019.00075.

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Cet article propose une méthodologie destinée à transformer une description de position exprimée dans un référentiel indirect en une position absolue dans un référentiel direct. Cette problématique nécessite une formalisation des éléments de localisation relatifs, ici sous la forme d’un modèle en triplets, utilisé ensuite comme base de référencement, et un questionnement sur la prise en compte de l’imperfection du langage naturel dans le processus de modélisation. Nous proposons de faire appel aux objets spatiaux flous et nous comparons leurs implémentations afin d’identifier l’approche la plus adaptée au contexte du secours en montagne.
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6

Toussaint, J. y S. Vareilles. "Handicap et reconquête de l'autonomie : réflexions autour du rapport entre convivialité des objets et autonomie des individus". Geographica Helvetica 65, n.º 4 (31 de diciembre de 2010): 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-65-249-2010.

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Abstract. Cette contribution a pour origine une commande des services du Grand Lyon qui cherchaient à évaluer des mobiliers urbains spécifiquement conçus pour les publics malvoyants et aveugles. La question du handicap comme problème d'aménagement urbain renvoie à l'autonomie des individus handicapés dans l'espace public. Les enquêtes mobilisées montrent comment le handicap est lié à la mobilisation des objets dans l'activité sociale. Dans l'activité sociale urbaine, les dispositions corporelles et cognitives des individus s'actualisent dans les dispositifs qui constituent les environnements urbains. Les situations de handicap seraient conséquentes à une rupture dans le rapport des dispositions aux dispositifs. Elles seraient d'abord privation, partielle ou totale, de l'accès aux objets qui autorisent, par leur fonctionnement, le déroulement des activités quotidiennes nécessaires à l'existence de chacun. Cette privation conduirait ensuite à la perte d'autonomie et augmenterait la dépendance à la sollicitude d'autrui. Dans cette perspective, la reconquête de lautonomie en situation de handicap apparaît dépendante de la technique telle qu'elle exosomatise les aptitudes corporelles et cognitives et les constituent en dispositions dans le fonctionnement des objets et des dispositifs techniques et spatiaux.
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7

Berdoulay, Vincent. "Les idéologies comme phénomènes géographiques". Cahiers de géographie du Québec 29, n.º 77 (12 de abril de 2005): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/021718ar.

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Par-delà la dénonciation de l'idéologie dans le travail du géographe, il est possible d'élaborer une phénoménologie des idéologies comme objets géographiques. En tant que pratiques, elles sont constitutives de la vie sociale et productrice des significations qui président aux rapports de l'homme à son milieu. Elles tirent leur intérêt de leur relative autonomie et de l'initiative humaine qui s'y exprime. Certains thèmes de recherche s'en trouvent régénérés. L'étude des conflits spatiaux échappe aux tendances fonctionnalistes qui la caractérisent souvent. La production de sens qui émane des idéologies permet d'identifier des groupes humains et des espaces dont l'unité est voulue et construite. Enfin les totalités ainsi chargées de sens sont plus facilement repérables par l'identification des finalités inscrites dans toute idéologie.
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8

LARDON, Sylvie, Elisa Marraccini, Rosalia Filippini, Sabine Gennai-Schott, François Johany y Davide Rizzo. "Prospective participative pour la zone urbaine de Pise (Italie) : l’eau et l’alimentation comme enjeux de développement territorial". Cahiers de géographie du Québec 60, n.º 170 (18 de julio de 2017): 265–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1040535ar.

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Nous présentons une démarche de prospective participative – le jeu de territoire – basée sur l’usage des représentations spatiales aux différentes étapes de diagnostic, scénario d’évolution et pistes d’action. Cette démarche a été déployée dans la région urbaine de Pise (Italie) sur les enjeux de gestion de l’eau et de l’alimentation. Au total, 35 acteurs (agriculteurs, conseillers techniques ou décideurs) ont participé aux ateliers participatifs organisés par les chercheurs. L’utilisation et le partage des représentations spatiales ont incité les participants à franchir leurs espaces d’action habituels et à explorer des scénarios prospectifs en déplaçant leur centre d’intérêt individuel vers un point de vue collectif. Le processus d’hybridation des connaissances sous-jacent au jeu de territoire a permis aux chercheurs et aux acteurs locaux de déterminer les objets spatiaux intégrateurs pour le développement durable des territoires ruraux et périurbains.
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9

Landau, Barbara y Ray Jackendoff. "“What” and “where” in spatial language and spatial cognition". Behavioral and Brain Sciences 16, n.º 2 (junio de 1993): 217–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00029733.

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AbstractFundamental to spatial knowledge in all species are the representations underlying object recognition, object search, and navigation through space. But what sets humans apart from other species is our ability to express spatial experience through language. This target article explores the language ofobjectsandplaces, asking what geometric properties are preserved in the representations underlying object nouns and spatial prepositions in English. Evidence from these two aspects of language suggests there are significant differences in the geometric richness with which objects and places are encoded. When an object is named (i.e., with count nouns), detailed geometric properties – principally the object's shape (axes, solid and hollow volumes, surfaces, and parts) – are represented. In contrast, when an object plays the role of either “figure” (located object) or “ground” (reference object) in a locational expression, only very coarse geometric object properties are represented, primarily the main axes. In addition, the spatial functions encoded by spatial prepositions tend to be nonmetric and relatively coarse, for example, “containment,” “contact,” “relative distance,” and “relative direction.” These properties are representative of other languages as well. The striking differences in the way language encodes objects versus places lead us to suggest two explanations: First, there is a tendency for languages to level out geometric detail from both object and place representations. Second, a nonlinguistic disparity between the representations of “what” and “where” underlies how language represents objects and places. The language of objects and places converges with and enriches our understanding of corresponding spatial representations.
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Hardi, Ode Sofyan y Kiki Rumantir. "KETERAMPILAN MENGOBSERVASI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPS". Jurnal SPATIAL Wahana Komunikasi dan Informasi Geografi 18, n.º 2 (26 de octubre de 2018): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/spatial.182.01.

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The purpose of this study is to describe phenomena in thematic learning in elementary schools, where the ability to observe is included in the aspect of geographical skills. This research method uses descriptive method with a survey approach, by taking a sample of the school in SDN Rawamangun 12 Pagi, and taking a sample V class .The data analysis technique used is the description technique. Students who make observations can be seen from several activities below: Using various feelings to recognize an object; Record in detail the relevant facts of the object and everything around it; Identify similarities and differences; Using tools and materials to understand objects in detail. The results of this study basically students who study at SDN Rawamangun 12 Pagi have been able to observe social objects in social studies material using guided inquiry methods students experienced a significant increase. The use of models that prioritize aspects of high thinking in students, so that students experience good learning outcomes. Keywords: Skills, Observations, Social Sciences
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11

Nong Yuanjun, 农元君, 王俊杰 Wang Junjie, 赵雪冰 Zhao Xuebing, 张军航 Zhang Junhang, 耿慧 Geng Hui y 徐晓东 Xu Xiaodong. "遥感目标空间关系检测方法". Acta Optica Sinica 41, n.º 16 (2021): 1628001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos202141.1628001.

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12

Herison, Ahmad, Yuda Romdania, Ahmad Zakaria y Sandy Kusuma. "Design and Implementation of WebGIS Marine Ecotourism Area, Tegal Island, Lampung Province". Jurnal SPATIAL Wahana Komunikasi dan Informasi Geografi 19, n.º 2 (31 de diciembre de 2019): 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/spatial.192.4.

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Tegal Island has the potential and diversity of marine tourism which is an attraction for tourists. However, information is not yet available that can help tourists in knowing the objects and tourist areas contained in Tegal Island. This research presents tourism information in Tegal Island in the form of a Geographic Information System map. The mapping method is done using Quantum GIS software with the help of the QuickMapServices (QMS) plugin to display Google Earth imagery and the qgis2web plugin to convert QGIS files (.qgz) into web maps (WebGIS) and the presence of tourist index input. The mapping results obtained digitization of each tourist object and facility on Tegal Island in the form of shapefiles (.shp) as well as information displayed on the attribute table layer. WebGIS is used as a media for GIS map renderers that is easily accessed and adjusted according to the JavaScript Leaflet library (open source). Map of Geographic Information Systems makes it easy for people to convey and search for tourist information on Tegal Island.
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13

Szinte, Martin, Marisa Carrasco, Patrick Cavanagh y Martin Rolfs. "Attentional trade-offs maintain the tracking of moving objects across saccades". Journal of Neurophysiology 113, n.º 7 (abril de 2015): 2220–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00966.2014.

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In many situations like playing sports or driving a car, we keep track of moving objects, despite the frequent eye movements that drastically interrupt their retinal motion trajectory. Here we report evidence that transsaccadic tracking relies on trade-offs of attentional resources from a tracked object's motion path to its remapped location. While participants covertly tracked a moving object, we presented pulses of coherent motion at different locations to probe the allocation of spatial attention along the object's entire motion path. Changes in the sensitivity for these pulses showed that during fixation attention shifted smoothly in anticipation of the tracked object's displacement. However, just before a saccade, attentional resources were withdrawn from the object's current motion path and reflexively drawn to the retinal location the object would have after saccade. This finding demonstrates the predictive choice the visual system makes to maintain the tracking of moving objects across saccades.
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14

Osborn, Wendy. "Unbounded Spatial Data Stream Query Processing using Spatial Semijoins". Journal of Ubiquitous Systems and Pervasive Networks 15, n.º 02 (1 de marzo de 2021): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5383/juspn.15.02.005.

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In this paper, the problem of query processing in spatial data streams is explored, with a focus on the spatial join operation. Although the spatial join has been utilized in many proposed centralized and distributed query processing strategies, for its application to spatial data streams the spatial join operation has received very little attention. One identified limitation with existing strategies is that a bounded region of space (i.e., spatial extent) from which the spatial objects are generated needs to be known in advance. However, this information may not be available. Therefore, two strategies for spatial data stream join processing are proposed where the spatial extent of the spatial object stream is not required to be known in advance. Both strategies estimate the common region that is shared by two or more spatial data streams in order to process the spatial join. An evaluation of both strategies includes a comparison with a recently proposed approach in which the spatial extent of the data set is known. Experimental results show that one of the strategies performs very well at estimating the common region of space using only incoming objects on the spatial data streams. Other limitations of this work are also identified.
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15

Clarke, Alex, Philip J. Pell, Charan Ranganath y Lorraine K. Tyler. "Learning Warps Object Representations in the Ventral Temporal Cortex". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 28, n.º 7 (julio de 2016): 1010–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00951.

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The human ventral temporal cortex (VTC) plays a critical role in object recognition. Although it is well established that visual experience shapes VTC object representations, the impact of semantic and contextual learning is unclear. In this study, we tracked changes in representations of novel visual objects that emerged after learning meaningful information about each object. Over multiple training sessions, participants learned to associate semantic features (e.g., “made of wood,” “floats”) and spatial contextual associations (e.g., “found in gardens”) with novel objects. fMRI was used to examine VTC activity for objects before and after learning. Multivariate pattern similarity analyses revealed that, after learning, VTC activity patterns carried information about the learned contextual associations of the objects, such that objects with contextual associations exhibited higher pattern similarity after learning. Furthermore, these learning-induced increases in pattern information about contextual associations were correlated with reductions in pattern information about the object's visual features. In a second experiment, we validated that these contextual effects translated to real-life objects. Our findings demonstrate that visual object representations in VTC are shaped by the knowledge we have about objects and show that object representations can flexibly adapt as a consequence of learning with the changes related to the specific kind of newly acquired information.
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16

Liverence, Brandon M. y Brian J. Scholl. "Selective Attention Warps Spatial Representation". Psychological Science 22, n.º 12 (17 de noviembre de 2011): 1600–1608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797611422543.

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Selective attention not only influences which objects in a display are perceived, but also directly changes the character of how they are perceived—for example, making attended objects appear larger or sharper. In studies of multiple-object tracking and probe detection, we explored the influence of sustained selective attention on where objects are seen to be in relation to each other in dynamic multi-object displays. Surprisingly, we found that sustained attention can warp the representation of space in a way that is object-specific: In immediate recall of the positions of objects that have just disappeared, space between targets is compressed, whereas space between distractors is expanded. These effects suggest that sustained attention can warp spatial representation in unexpected ways.
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17

Humphreys, Glyn W. "Neural representation of objects in space: a dual coding account". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 353, n.º 1373 (29 de agosto de 1998): 1341–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0288.

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I present evidence on the nature of object coding in the brain and discuss the implications of this coding for models of visual selective attention. Neuropsychological studies of task–based constraints on: (i) visual neglect; and (ii) reading and counting, reveal the existence of parallel forms of spatial representation for objects: within–object representations, where elements are coded as parts of objects, and between–object representations, where elements are coded as independent objects. Aside from these spatial codes for objects, however, the coding of visual space is limited. We are extremely poor at remembering small spatial displacements across eye movements, indicating (at best) impoverished coding of spatial position per se . Also, effects of element separation on spatial extinction can be eliminated by filling the space with an occluding object, indicating that spatial effects on visual selection are moderated by object coding. Overall, there are separate limits on visual processing reflecting: (i) the competition to code parts within objects; (ii) the small number of independent objects that can be coded in parallel; and (iii) task–based selection of whether within– or between–object codes determine behaviour. Between–object coding may be linked to the dorsal visual system while parallel coding of parts within objects takes place in the ventral system, although there may additionally be some dorsal involvement either when attention must be shifted within objects or when explicit spatial coding of parts is necessary for object identification.
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18

Takeya, Ryuji y Tetsuko Kasai. "Object-based spatial attention when objects have sufficient depth cues". Journal of Vision 15, n.º 13 (18 de septiembre de 2015): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/15.13.16.

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Jones, Catherine M. y Susan D. Healy. "Differences in cue use and spatial memory in men and women". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 273, n.º 1598 (23 de mayo de 2006): 2241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.3572.

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Men and women differ in their ability to solve spatial problems. There are two possible proximate explanations for this: (i) men and women differ in the kind (and value) of information they use and/or (ii) their cognitive abilities differ with respect to spatial problems. Using a simple computerized task which could be solved either by choosing an object based on what it looked like, or by its location, we found that the women relied on the object's visual features to solve the task, while the men used both visual and location information. There were no differences between the sexes in memory for the visual features of the objects, but women were poorer than men at remembering the locations of objects.
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20

Crawford, Eric y Joelle Pineau. "Exploiting Spatial Invariance for Scalable Unsupervised Object Tracking". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, n.º 04 (3 de abril de 2020): 3684–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i04.5777.

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The ability to detect and track objects in the visual world is a crucial skill for any intelligent agent, as it is a necessary precursor to any object-level reasoning process. Moreover, it is important that agents learn to track objects without supervision (i.e. without access to annotated training videos) since this will allow agents to begin operating in new environments with minimal human assistance. The task of learning to discover and track objects in videos, which we call unsupervised object tracking, has grown in prominence in recent years; however, most architectures that address it still struggle to deal with large scenes containing many objects. In the current work, we propose an architecture that scales well to the large-scene, many-object setting by employing spatially invariant computations (convolutions and spatial attention) and representations (a spatially local object specification scheme). In a series of experiments, we demonstrate a number of attractive features of our architecture; most notably, that it outperforms competing methods at tracking objects in cluttered scenes with many objects, and that it can generalize well to videos that are larger and/or contain more objects than videos encountered during training.
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21

KOVÁČ, Ondrej y Ján MIHALÍK. "ESTIMATION OF SPATIAL COORDINATES OF 3D OBJECTS BY STEREOSCOPIC SCANNING". Acta Electrotechnica et Informatica 14, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 2014): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15546/aeei-2014-0028.

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22

Franzius, Mathias, Niko Wilbert y Laurenz Wiskott. "Invariant Object Recognition and Pose Estimation with Slow Feature Analysis". Neural Computation 23, n.º 9 (septiembre de 2011): 2289–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00171.

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Primates are very good at recognizing objects independent of viewing angle or retinal position, and they outperform existing computer vision systems by far. But invariant object recognition is only one prerequisite for successful interaction with the environment. An animal also needs to assess an object's position and relative rotational angle. We propose here a model that is able to extract object identity, position, and rotation angles. We demonstrate the model behavior on complex three-dimensional objects under translation and rotation in depth on a homogeneous background. A similar model has previously been shown to extract hippocampal spatial codes from quasi-natural videos. The framework for mathematical analysis of this earlier application carries over to the scenario of invariant object recognition. Thus, the simulation results can be explained analytically even for the complex high-dimensional data we employed.
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23

Aryal, Jagannath y Didier Josselin. "Environmental Object Recognition in a Natural Image". International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Information Systems 5, n.º 1 (enero de 2014): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaeis.2014010101.

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Natural images, which are filled with intriguing stimuli of spatial objects, represent our cognition and are rich in spatial information. Accurate extraction of spatial objects is challenging due to the associated spatial and spectral complexities in object recognition. In this paper, the authors tackle the problem of spatial object extraction in a GEOgraphic Object Based Image Analysis framework taking psychological and mathematical complexities into account. In doing so, the authors experimented with human and GEOBIA based recognition and segmentation in an image of an area of natural importance, the Ventoux Mountain, France. Focus was given to scales, color, and texture properties at multiple levels in delineating the candidate spatial objects from the natural image. Such objects along with the original image were provided to the human subjects in two stages and three different groups of samples. The results of two stages were collated and analyzed. The analysis showed that there exist different ways to comprehend the geographical objects according to priori knowledge.
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Quek, Genevieve L. y Marius V. Peelen. "Contextual and Spatial Associations Between Objects Interactively Modulate Visual Processing". Cerebral Cortex 30, n.º 12 (5 de agosto de 2020): 6391–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaa197.

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Abstract Much of what we know about object recognition arises from the study of isolated objects. In the real world, however, we commonly encounter groups of contextually associated objects (e.g., teacup and saucer), often in stereotypical spatial configurations (e.g., teacup above saucer). Here we used electroencephalography to test whether identity-based associations between objects (e.g., teacup–saucer vs. teacup–stapler) are encoded jointly with their typical relative positioning (e.g., teacup above saucer vs. below saucer). Observers viewed a 2.5-Hz image stream of contextually associated object pairs intermixed with nonassociated pairs as every fourth image. The differential response to nonassociated pairs (measurable at 0.625 Hz in 28/37 participants) served as an index of contextual integration, reflecting the association of object identities in each pair. Over right occipitotemporal sites, this signal was larger for typically positioned object streams, indicating that spatial configuration facilitated the extraction of the objects’ contextual association. This high-level influence of spatial configuration on object identity integration arose ~ 320 ms post-stimulus onset, with lower-level perceptual grouping (shared with inverted displays) present at ~ 130 ms. These results demonstrate that contextual and spatial associations between objects interactively influence object processing. We interpret these findings as reflecting the high-level perceptual grouping of objects that frequently co-occur in highly stereotyped relative positions.
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25

Giband, David y Bertrand Lemartinel. "La peine de mort au Texas : un objet géographique". Cahiers de géographie du Québec 56, n.º 157 (12 de septiembre de 2012): 29–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1012210ar.

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La peine de mort n’a pas donné lieu à beaucoup de travaux en géographie, parce qu’elle semble d’abord une affaire de droit et de morale. Pourtant, elle présente une expression spatiale, en particulier aux États-Unis qui la pratiquent encore. Loin d’être une affaire d’État, elle s’y caractérise par une différenciation spatiale extrêmement marquée jusqu’à l’instance locale du comté. Pour le montrer, l’exemple du Texas, qui assume presque la moitié des exécutions étasuniennes, a été privilégié. Se fondant sur le dépouillement de 464 fiches de condamnés, complété par une approche qualitative, l’hypothèse de cette étude consiste à montrer que la variabilité spatiale de l’application de la peine de mort repose sur la présence et l’ancrage de dispositifs spatiaux légaux.
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Muto, Hiroyuki. "Correlational Evidence for the Role of Spatial Perspective-Taking Ability in the Mental Rotation of Human-Like Objects". Experimental Psychology 68, n.º 1 (enero de 2021): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000505.

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Abstract. People can mentally rotate objects that resemble human bodies more efficiently than nonsense objects in the same/different judgment task. Previous studies proposed that this human-body advantage in mental rotation is mediated by one's projections of body axes onto a human-like object, implying that human-like objects elicit a strategy shift, from an object-based to an egocentric mental rotation. To test this idea, we investigated whether mental rotation performance involving a human-like object had a stronger association with spatial perspective-taking, which entails egocentric mental rotation, than a nonsense object. In the present study, female participants completed a chronometric mental rotation task with nonsense and human-like objects. Their spatial perspective-taking ability was then assessed using the Road Map Test and the Spatial Orientation Test. Mental rotation response times (RTs) were shorter for human-like than for nonsense objects, replicating previous research. More importantly, spatial perspective-taking had a stronger negative correlation with RTs for human-like than for nonsense objects. These findings suggest that human-like stimuli in the same/different mental rotation task induce a strategy shift toward efficient egocentric mental rotation.
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27

Kersten, Daniel. "Perceptual categories for spatial layout". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 352, n.º 1358 (29 de agosto de 1997): 1155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1997.0099.

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The central problems of vision are often divided into object identification and localization. Object identification, at least at fine levels of discrimination, may require the application of top–down knowledge to resolve ambiguous image information. Utilizing top–down knowledge, however, may require the initial rapid access of abstract object categories based on low–level image cues. Does object localization require a different set of operating principles than object identification or is category determination also part of the perception of depth and spatial layout? Three–dimensional graphics movies of objects and their cast shadows are used to argue that identifying perceptual categories is important for determining the relative depths of objects. Processes that can identify the causal class (e.g. the kind of material) that generates the image data can provide information to determine the spatial relationships between surfaces. Changes in the blurriness of an edge may be characteristically associated with shadows caused by relative motion between two surfaces. The early identification of abstract events such as moving object/shadow pairs may also be important for depth from shadows. Knowledge of how correlated motion in the image relates to an object and its shadow may provide a reliable cue to access such event categories.
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28

Santos, Paulo, Chris Needham y Derek Magee. "Inductive learning spatial attention". Sba: Controle & Automação Sociedade Brasileira de Automatica 19, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2008): 316–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-17592008000300007.

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This paper investigates the automatic induction of spatial attention from the visual observation of objects manipulated on a table top. In this work, space is represented in terms of a novel observer-object relative reference system, named Local Cardinal System, defined upon the local neighbourhood of objects on the table. We present results of applying the proposed methodology on five distinct scenarios involving the construction of spatial patterns of coloured blocks.
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29

Biederman, Irving y Peter Kalocsais. "Neurocomputational bases of object and face recognition". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 352, n.º 1358 (29 de agosto de 1997): 1203–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1997.0103.

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A number of behavioural phenomena distinguish the recognition of faces and objects, even when members of a set of objects are highly similar. Because faces have the same parts in approximately the same relations, individuation of faces typically requires specification of the metric variation in a holistic and integral representation of the facial surface. The direct mapping of a hypercolumn–like pattern of activation onto a representation layer that preserves relative spatial filter values in a two–dimensional (2D) coordinate space, as proposed by C. von der Malsburg and his associates, may account for many of the phenomena associated with face recognition. An additional refinement, in which each column of filters (termed a ‘jet’) is centered on a particular facial feature (or fiducial point), allows selectivity of the input into the holistic representation to avoid incorporation of occluding or nearby surfaces. The initial hypercolumn representation also characterizes the first stage of object perception, but the image variation for objects at a given location in a 2D coordinate space may be too great to yield sufficient predictability directly from the output of spatial kernels. Consequently, objects can be represented by a structural description specifying qualitative (typically, non–accidental) characterizations of an object's parts, the attributes of the parts, and the relations among the parts, largely based on orientation and depth discontinuities (as shown by Hummel and Biederman). A series of experiments on the name priming or physical matching of complementary images (in the Fourier domain) of objects and faces documents that whereas face recognition is strongly dependent on the original spatial filter values, evidence from object recognition indicates strong invariance to these values, even when distinguishing among objects that are as similar as faces.
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30

Shinohara, Kazuko y Yoshihiro Matsunaka. "Spatial cognition and linguistic expression". Annual Review of Cognitive Linguistics 2 (31 de diciembre de 2004): 261–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/arcl.2.09shi.

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This paper analyzes frames of reference involved in linguistic expression of spatial relations of objects, using an experimental method. Objects with and without intrinsic orientation are used as the figure object, and it is demonstrated that there exists in Japanese a phenomenon we call ‘figure-aligned mapping’, where the coordinate system on the figure object is projected onto the ground object. This is what previous studies have not reported or argued. We claim that this figure-aligned mapping belongs to the intrinsic frame of reference among the three (intrinsic, relative, and absolute) frames of reference proposed by Levinson, and some revision of his definition of the intrinsic frame is proposed so that figure-aligned mapping can be accommodated in it. The result of this study confirms the importance of the notion of coordinate system in the discussion of frames of reference.
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31

Cui, Wei, Fei Wang, Xin He, Dongyou Zhang, Xuxiang Xu, Meng Yao, Ziwei Wang y Jiejun Huang. "Multi-Scale Semantic Segmentation and Spatial Relationship Recognition of Remote Sensing Images Based on an Attention Model". Remote Sensing 11, n.º 9 (2 de mayo de 2019): 1044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11091044.

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A comprehensive interpretation of remote sensing images involves not only remote sensing object recognition but also the recognition of spatial relations between objects. Especially in the case of different objects with the same spectrum, the spatial relationship can help interpret remote sensing objects more accurately. Compared with traditional remote sensing object recognition methods, deep learning has the advantages of high accuracy and strong generalizability regarding scene classification and semantic segmentation. However, it is difficult to simultaneously recognize remote sensing objects and their spatial relationship from end-to-end only relying on present deep learning networks. To address this problem, we propose a multi-scale remote sensing image interpretation network, called the MSRIN. The architecture of the MSRIN is a parallel deep neural network based on a fully convolutional network (FCN), a U-Net, and a long short-term memory network (LSTM). The MSRIN recognizes remote sensing objects and their spatial relationship through three processes. First, the MSRIN defines a multi-scale remote sensing image caption strategy and simultaneously segments the same image using the FCN and U-Net on different spatial scales so that a two-scale hierarchy is formed. The output of the FCN and U-Net are masked to obtain the location and boundaries of remote sensing objects. Second, using an attention-based LSTM, the remote sensing image captions include the remote sensing objects (nouns) and their spatial relationships described with natural language. Finally, we designed a remote sensing object recognition and correction mechanism to build the relationship between nouns in captions and object mask graphs using an attention weight matrix to transfer the spatial relationship from captions to objects mask graphs. In other words, the MSRIN simultaneously realizes the semantic segmentation of the remote sensing objects and their spatial relationship identification end-to-end. Experimental results demonstrated that the matching rate between samples and the mask graph increased by 67.37 percentage points, and the matching rate between nouns and the mask graph increased by 41.78 percentage points compared to before correction. The proposed MSRIN has achieved remarkable results.
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32

KOISO, KENGO, TAKEHISA MORI, HIROAKI KAWAGISHI, KATSUMI TANAKA y TAKAHIRO MATSUMOTO. "INFOLOD AND LANDMARK: SPATIAL PRESENTATION OF ATTRIBUTE INFORMATION AND COMPUTING REPRESENTATIVE OBJECTS FOR SPATIAL DATA". International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 09, n.º 01n02 (marzo de 2000): 53–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843000000053.

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In this paper, we will propose a way of visualizing attribute information for spatial objects in the three-dimensional space and a calculation method for extracting a representative object from objects in a given region. In conventional three-dimensional visualizations such as architectural simulations, most of the attention has been paid to image data such as colors, shapes, and textures of spatial objects. In this research, we will focus on the attribute information of spatial objects including image data. We propose InfoLOD concept which introduces the notion of level of detail(LOD) to attribute information as well as image data such as photographs and computer graphics for controlling the visualization of attribute information in a three-dimensional space. The visualization is controlled based on distance and orientation, and we will also discuss the differentiation factor which visualizes the differences among the objects. In addition to visualization control, we will propose the LandMark algorithm for extracting a representative object from the objects in a given region based on their spatial occupancy ratio and the uniqueness of the attribute data. The region for browsing may be specified manually by the user or may be automatically specified by some algorithm. Here, we discuss the spatial glue operation which dynamically retrieves regions containing objects with user-specified attribute information unlike conventional method based on static mesh which are often used in GIS(Geographic Information System). We will also introduce some of our implementations in order to illustrate our ideas.
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33

Collell, Guillem y Marie-Francine Moens. "Learning Representations Specialized in Spatial Knowledge: Leveraging Language and Vision". Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 6 (diciembre de 2018): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00010.

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Spatial understanding is crucial in many real-world problems, yet little progress has been made towards building representations that capture spatial knowledge. Here, we move one step forward in this direction and learn such representations by leveraging a task consisting in predicting continuous 2D spatial arrangements of objects given object-relationship-object instances (e.g., “cat under chair”) and a simple neural network model that learns the task from annotated images. We show that the model succeeds in this task and, furthermore, that it is capable of predicting correct spatial arrangements for unseen objects if either CNN features or word embeddings of the objects are provided. The differences between visual and linguistic features are discussed. Next, to evaluate the spatial representations learned in the previous task, we introduce a task and a dataset consisting in a set of crowdsourced human ratings of spatial similarity for object pairs. We find that both CNN (convolutional neural network) features and word embeddings predict human judgments of similarity well and that these vectors can be further specialized in spatial knowledge if we update them when training the model that predicts spatial arrangements of objects. Overall, this paper paves the way towards building distributed spatial representations, contributing to the understanding of spatial expressions in language.
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34

Mettes, Pascal, William Thong y Cees G. M. Snoek. "Object Priors for Classifying and Localizing Unseen Actions". International Journal of Computer Vision 129, n.º 6 (19 de abril de 2021): 1954–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11263-021-01454-y.

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AbstractThis work strives for the classification and localization of human actions in videos, without the need for any labeled video training examples. Where existing work relies on transferring global attribute or object information from seen to unseen action videos, we seek to classify and spatio-temporally localize unseen actions in videos from image-based object information only. We propose three spatial object priors, which encode local person and object detectors along with their spatial relations. On top we introduce three semantic object priors, which extend semantic matching through word embeddings with three simple functions that tackle semantic ambiguity, object discrimination, and object naming. A video embedding combines the spatial and semantic object priors. It enables us to introduce a new video retrieval task that retrieves action tubes in video collections based on user-specified objects, spatial relations, and object size. Experimental evaluation on five action datasets shows the importance of spatial and semantic object priors for unseen actions. We find that persons and objects have preferred spatial relations that benefit unseen action localization, while using multiple languages and simple object filtering directly improves semantic matching, leading to state-of-the-art results for both unseen action classification and localization.
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35

Stuart, Geoffrey W., Terence R. J. Bossomaier y Sue Johnson. "Preattentive Processing of Object Size: Implications for Theories of Size Perception". Perception 22, n.º 10 (octubre de 1993): 1175–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p221175.

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Information about the visual angle size of objects is important for maintaining object constancy with variations in viewing distance. Although human observers are quite accurate at judging spatial separations (or cross-sectional size), they are prone to error when there are other spans nearby, as in classical illusions such as the Müller-Lyer illusion. It is possible to reconcile these aspects of size perception by assuming that the size domain is sampled sparsely. It was shown by means of a visual search procedure that the size of objects is processed preattentively and in parallel across the visual field. It was demonstrated that an object's size, rather than its boundary curvature or spatial-frequency content, provides the basis for parallel visual search. It was also shown that texture borders could be substituted for luminance borders, indicating that object boundaries at the relevant spatial scale provide the input to size perception. Parallel processing imposes a severe computational constraint which provides support for the assumption of sparse sampling. An economical model based on several broadly tuned layers of size detectors is proposed to account for the parallel extraction of size, the Weberian behaviour of size discrimination, and the occurrence of strong interference effects in the size domain.
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36

Martínez, A., W. Teder-Sälejärvi, M. Vazquez, S. Molholm, J. J. Foxe, D. C. Javitt, F. Di Russo, M. S. Worden y S. A. Hillyard. "Objects Are Highlighted by Spatial Attention". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 18, n.º 2 (1 de febrero de 2006): 298–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2006.18.2.298.

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Selective attention may be focused upon a region of interest within the visual surroundings, thereby improving the perceptual quality of stimuli at that location. It has been debated whether this spatially selective mechanism plays a role in the attentive selection of whole objects in a visual scene. The relationship between spatial and object-selective attention was investigated here through recordings of event-related brain potentials (ERPs) supplemented with functional magnetic brain imaging (fMRI). Subjects viewed a display consisting of two bar-shaped objects and directed attention to sequences of stimuli (brief corner offsets) at one end of one of the bars. Unattended stimuli belonging to the same object as the attended stimuli elicited spatiotemporal patterns of neural activity in the visual cortex closely resembling those elicited by the attended stimuli themselves, albeit smaller in amplitude. This enhanced neural activity associated with object-selective attention was localized by use of ERP dipole modeling and fMRI to the lateral occipital extrastriate cortex. We conclude that object-selective attention shares a common neural mechanism with spatial attention that entails the facilitation of sensory processing of stimuli within the boundaries of an attended object.
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37

TAKAHASHI, KAZUKO y TAKAO SUMITOMO. "THE QUALITATIVE TREATMENT OF SPATIAL DATA". International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 16, n.º 04 (agosto de 2007): 661–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213007003497.

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This paper aims at an efficient treatment of spatial data using qualitative representation. We propose a new framework called PLCA, which provides a symbolic representation for the figure in a two-dimensional plane, focusing on the connections between regions. It is based on four simple objects: points(P), lines(L), circuits(C) and areas(A). The entire figure is represented as a combination of these objects. Pairs of areas, circuits or lines never cross. The simple, clear data structure based on objects makes the system feasible and easy to implement. A PLCA expression can be subject to topological reasoning such as judging the connection patterns of areas. We define the operations of area integration and area division on a PLCA expression. These operations preserve the consistency of the expression, and correspond to real actions on the figures. We can add attributes to each object, such as the properties that hold on an area or that an object represents, and make an attributed PLCA. The operations of area integration/division on an attributed PLCA correspond to the alteration of the classification level of objects, and semantic spatial reasoning can be performed on an attributed PLCA.
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38

Kahn, L. E. y S. L. Franconeri. "Encoding a spatial relationship between two objects requires selection of each object". Journal of Vision 11, n.º 11 (23 de septiembre de 2011): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/11.11.224.

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39

Mustikawati, T., Y. A. Yatmo y P. Atmodiwirjo. "Wayfinding beyond signage: rethinking the role of spatial objects and object relations". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 195 (14 de diciembre de 2018): 012083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/195/1/012083.

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40

RAHMAN, QAZI, GLENN D. WILSON y SHARON ABRAHAMS. "Sexual orientation related differences in spatial memory". Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 9, n.º 3 (25 de febrero de 2003): 376–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617703930037.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate and extend previously reported sex differences in object location memory by comparing the performance of heterosexual and homosexual males and females. Subjects were 240 healthy, right-handed heterosexual and homosexual males and females. They were instructed to study 16 common, gender-neutral objects arranged randomly in an array and subsequently tested for object recall, object recognition and spatial location memory. Females recalled significantly more objects than males, although there were no group differences in object recognition. Decomposition of significant interactions between sex and sexual orientation on spatial location memory (controlling for differences in object recall, age and IQ) revealed that heterosexual females and homosexual males scored better than heterosexual males, and no different from each other. There were no differences between homosexual and heterosexual females. The findings suggest that homosexual males and heterosexual females encode, store and retrieve positional and relational information about spatial layouts similarly, pointing to within-sex variations in the neural architecture underlying spatial memory. (JINS, 2003, 9, 376–383.)
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41

Mecklinger, A. y N. Müller. "Dissociations in the Processing of “What” and “Where” Information in Working Memory: An Event-Related Potential Analysis". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 8, n.º 5 (septiembre de 1996): 453–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1996.8.5.453.

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Based on recent research that suggests that the processing of spatial and object information in the primate brain involves functionally and anatomically different systems, we examined whether the encoding and retention of object and spatial information in working memory are associated with different ERP components. In a study-test procedure subjects were asked to either remember simple geometric objects presented in a 4 by 4 spatial matrix irrespective of their position (object memory task) or to remember spatial positions of the objects irrespective of their forms (spatial memory task). The EEG was recorded from 13 electrodes during the study phase and the test phase. Recognition performance (reaction time and accuracy) was not different for the two memory tasks. PCA analyses suggest that the same four ERP components are evoked in the study phase by both tasks, which could be identified as N100, P200, P300, and slow wave. ERPs started to differ as a function of memory task 225 msec after stimulus onset at the posterior recording sites: An occipital maximal P200 component, lateralized to the right posterior temporal recording site, was observed for the object memory but not for the spatial memory task. Between-tasks differences were also obtained for P300 scalp distribution. Moreover, ERPs evoked by objects that were remembered later were more positive than ERPs to objects that were not remembered, starting at 400 msec postsimulus. The PCA analysis suggest that P300 and a slow wave following P300 at the frontal recordings contribute to these differences. A similar differential effect was not found between positions remembered or not remembered later. Post hoc analyses revealed that the absence of such effects in the spatial memory task could be due to less elaborated mnemonic strategies used in the spatial task compared to the object memory task. In the face of two additional behavioral experiments showing that subjects exclusively encode object features in the object memory task and spatial stimulus features in the spatial memory task, the present data provide evidence that encoding and rehearsal of object and spatial information in working memory are subserved by functionally and anatomically different subsystems.
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42

Janušonis, Stepas. "Self-Formation of the Spatial Planar Object. Topological Approach". Solid State Phenomena 97-98 (abril de 2004): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.97-98.85.

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Eight-dimensional topological space providing an object evolution in time, including causes of evolution is presented. Part of Euclidean space separated by any close surface from complementary space, where any Euclidean point of space is juxtaposed with parameter, is being felt as an object. Coplanar approximation of flat planar devices is based on the flat, homogeneous, isotropic planar object and chaotic medium. The new, more general approximation of the topological space by equidistant surfaces, suitable for spatial planar objects, is presented. Selfformation of spatial objects (homogeneous, non-homogeneous, anisotropic), medium (chaotic, chaotic oriented, homogeneous oriented, structural) based on non-homeomorpheous mapping in peculiar points and evolution irreversibility, is discussed.
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43

Renzhong, GUO. "SPATIAL OBJECTS AND SPATIAL RELATIONSHIPS". Geo-spatial Information Science 1, n.º 1 (octubre de 1998): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10095020.1998.10553282.

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44

Zachariou, Valentinos, Christine V. Nikas, Zaid N. Safiullah, Marlene Behrmann, Roberta Klatzky y Leslie G. Ungerleider. "Common Dorsal Stream Substrates for the Mapping of Surface Texture to Object Parts and Visual Spatial Processing". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 27, n.º 12 (diciembre de 2015): 2442–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00871.

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Everyday objects are often composed of multiple parts, each with a unique surface texture. The neural substrates mediating the integration of surface features on different object parts are not fully understood, and potential contributions by both the ventral and dorsal visual pathways are possible. To explore these substrates, we collected fMRI data while human participants performed a difference detection task on two objects with textured parts. The objects could either differ in the assignment of the same texture to different object parts (“texture-location”) or the types of texture (“texture-type”). In the ventral stream, comparable BOLD activation levels were observed in response to texture-location and texture-type differences. In contrast, in a priori localized spatial processing regions of the dorsal stream, activation was greater for texture-location than texture-type differences, and the magnitude of the activation correlated with behavioral performance. We confirmed the reliance of surface texture to object part mapping on spatial processing mechanisms in subsequent psychophysical experiments, in which participants detected a difference in the spatial distance of an object relative to a reference line. In this task, distracter objects occasionally appeared, which differed in either texture-location or texture-type. Distracter texture-location differences slowed detection of spatial distance differences, but texture-type differences did not. More importantly, the distracter effects were only observed when texture-location differences were presented within whole shapes and not between separated shape parts at distinct spatial locations. We conclude that both the mapping of texture features to object parts and the representation of object spatial position are mediated by common neural substrates within the dorsal visual pathway.
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45

Kubicek, Claudia y Gudrun Schwarzer. "On the Relation Between Infants’ Spatial Object Processing and Their Motor Skills". Journal of Motor Learning and Development 6, s1 (abril de 2018): S6—S23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2016-0062.

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From birth, infants encounter an environment full of objects and learn rapidly about their spatial characteristics. According to Newcombe, Uttal, and Sauter (2013), spatial development includes (1) the development of intraobject representations with the ability to transform them by mental rotation, and (2) the development of interobject representations with the ability to find and predict certain object locations. Infants’ remarkable improvements of these two strands of spatial object processing raise the major question of which factors may drive them. In this article, we discuss the extent to which infants’ development of intra- and interobject representations is related to their emerging motor skills. In particular, we provide a review on how far infants’ development of mental object rotation ability and their ability to localize objects are related to their manual object exploration and locomotion skills. We document a bulk of evidence suggesting such a link between infants’ motor development and their spatial object processing and also discuss and critically reconsider the implications of these studies.
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46

Seegelke, Christian y Peter Wühr. "Compatibility between object size and response side in grasping: the left hand prefers smaller objects, the right hand prefers larger objects". PeerJ 6 (3 de diciembre de 2018): e6026. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6026.

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It has been proposed that the brain processes quantities such as space, size, number, and other magnitudes using a common neural metric, and that this common representation system reflects a direct link to motor control, because the integration of spatial, temporal, and other quantity-related information is fundamental for sensorimotor transformation processes. In the present study, we examined compatibility effects between physical stimulus size and spatial (response) location during a sensorimotor task. Participants reached and grasped for a small or large object with either their non-dominant left or their dominant right hand. Our results revealed that participants initiated left hand movements faster when grasping the small cube compared to the large cube, whereas they initiated right hand movements faster when grasping the large cube compared to the small cube. Moreover, the compatibility effect influenced the timing of grip aperture kinematics. These findings indicate that the interaction between object size and response hand affects the planning of grasping movements and supports the notion of a strong link between the cognitive representation of (object) size, spatial (response) parameters, and sensorimotor control.
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47

RICHARDS, LYNN V., KENNY R. COVENTRY y JOHN CLIBBENS. "Where's the orange? Geometric and extra-geometric influences on English children's descriptions of spatial locations". Journal of Child Language 31, n.º 1 (febrero de 2004): 153–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000903005865.

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The effect of both geometric and extra-geometric factors on children's production of in is reported (free-response paradigm). Eighty children across four age groups (means 4;1, 5;5, 6;1, and 7;1) were shown video scenes of puppets placing real objects in various positions with reference to a bowl and a plate. Located objects were placed at three heights on top of piles of other objects in the scene. The extra-geometric factor of location control of the located object was manipulated by comparing static scenes to dynamic scenes in which the located object was depicted as either moving independently of, or together with, the reference object. Additionally, the located object was placed on other objects that were either the same or different (e.g. an apple on apples or on oranges). The results indicate that even the youngest children altered the way they talked according to not only geometric but also extra-geometric factors.
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48

Tatler, Benjamin W., Yoriko Hirose, Sarah K. Finnegan, Riina Pievilainen, Clare Kirtley y Alan Kennedy. "Priorities for selection and representation in natural tasks". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, n.º 1628 (19 de octubre de 2013): 20130066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0066.

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Selecting and remembering visual information is an active and competitive process. In natural environments, representations are tightly coupled to task. Objects that are task-relevant are remembered better due to a combination of increased selection for fixation and strategic control of encoding and/or retaining viewed information. However, it is not understood how physically manipulating objects when performing a natural task influences priorities for selection and memory. In this study, we compare priorities for selection and memory when actively engaged in a natural task with first-person observation of the same object manipulations. Results suggest that active manipulation of a task-relevant object results in a specific prioritization for object position information compared with other properties and compared with action observation of the same manipulations. Experiment 2 confirms that this spatial prioritization is likely to arise from manipulation rather than differences in spatial representation in real environments and the movies used for action observation. Thus, our findings imply that physical manipulation of task relevant objects results in a specific prioritization of spatial information about task-relevant objects, possibly coupled with strategic de-prioritization of colour memory for irrelevant objects.
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49

Maltsev, Evgenii A., Yuri A. Maglinets y Gennady M. Tsibulskii. "The Technology to Identify Firebreak Plowing Objects Based on the Satellite Data of the Earth Remote Sensing". E3S Web of Conferences 75 (2019): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20197501006.

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This work describes the technology to identify firebreak plowing objects of agriculture fields based on the satellite data of the Earth Remote Sensing within the medium and high spatial resolution. The technology uses a model of the firebreak plowing object, vegetation indexes and spatial relations between objects.
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50

Avraham, David y Yitzhak Yitzhaky. "Effects of Depth-Based Object Isolation in Simulated Retinal Prosthetic Vision". Symmetry 13, n.º 10 (22 de septiembre de 2021): 1763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13101763.

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Visual retinal prostheses aim to restore vision for blind individuals who suffer from outer retinal degenerative diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration. Perception through retinal prostheses is very limited, but it can be improved by applying object isolation. We used an object isolation algorithm based on integral imaging to isolate objects of interest according to their depth from the camera and applied image processing manipulation to the isolated-object images. Subsequently, we applied a spatial prosthetic vision simulation that converted the isolated-object images to phosphene images. We compared the phosphene images for two types of input images, the original image (before applying object isolation), and the isolated-object image to illustrate the effects of object isolation on simulated prosthetic vision without and with multiple spatial variations of phosphenes, such as size and shape variations, spatial shifts, and dropout rate. The results show an improvement in the perceived shape, contrast, and dynamic range (number of gray levels) of objects in the phosphene image.
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