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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Orchids – Western Australia"

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Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 9 de febrero de 2022

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1

DIXON, KINGSLEY W., and MAARTEN J. M. CHRISTENHUSZ. "Flowering in darkness: a new species of subterranean orchid Rhizanthella (Orchidaceae; Orchidoideae; Diurideae) from Western Australia." Phytotaxa 334, no. 1 (January 12, 2018): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.334.1.12.

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Few plants are so cryptic as the underground orchids, Rhizanthella Rogers (1928: 1), of Australia. Unlike the species on the eastern seaboard of Australia, the Western Australian species spend their entire life cycle, including flowering, below the soil surface (only rarely with the tips of the bracts showing), making them unique among orchids and indeed, among flowering plants generally (Brown et al. 2013). Discovery in 1928 of the first underground orchid in Western Australia was an international sensation where the plant was described as ‘a remarkable subterranean orchid’ (Wilson 1929). The

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2

Dressler, Robert L. "Orchids of Western Australia." Systematic Botany 34, no. 3 (July 1, 2009): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1600/036364409789271137.

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3

Grant, Carl D., and John Koch. "Orchid species succession in rehabilitated bauxite mines in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 51, no. 4 (2003): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt02127.

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Twenty-three orchid species were recorded in Alcoa's permanent vegetation-monitoring plots in unmined and rehabilitated jarrah forest. Of these, 22 were identified in the unmined jarrah forest and 20 were recorded in rehabilitated areas of between 1 and 31 years old. Three species (Cyrtostylis ovata, Lyperanthus serratus and Prasophyllum elatum) were only recorded in the unmined forest and one species was only recorded in rehabilitated areas (Diuris carinata). The overall density of native orchids in the forest was 13 755 plants ha–1, 10 times greater than the density in rehabilitated areas (1

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4

Parsons, R. F., and Stephen D. Hopper. "Monocotyledonous geophytes: comparison of south-western Australia with other areas of mediterranean climate." Australian Journal of Botany 51, no. 2 (2003): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt02067.

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Recent data on monocotyledonous geophytes from south-western Australia are compiled and compared with those from other areas of mainly mediterranean climate, especially California, Chile and Victoria, Australia. South-western Australia has a high monocot geophyte diversity of 496 species (7% of an estimated native flora of 7100 vascular species), like Victoria (12%) and the Cape region (14%). As in Victoria, orchids are by far the most important group, with c. 400 species, including those likely to be described once ongoing taxonomic research is completed. South-western Australia has higher ge

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5

Brundrett, Mark C. "Scientific approaches to Australian temperate terrestrial orchid conservation." Australian Journal of Botany 55, no. 3 (2007): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt06131.

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This review summarises scientific knowledge concerning the mycorrhizal associations, pollination, demographics, genetics and evolution of Australian terrestrial orchids relevant to conservation. The orchid family is highly diverse in Western Australia (WA), with over 400 recognised taxa of which 76 are Declared Rare or Priority Flora. Major threats to rare orchids in WA include habitat loss, salinity, feral animals and drought. These threats require science-based recovery actions resulting from collaborations between universities, government agencies and community groups. Fungal identification

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6

Brundrett, Mark C. "Using vital statistics and core-habitat maps to manage critically endangered orchids in the Western Australian wheatbelt." Australian Journal of Botany 64, no. 1 (2016): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt15087.

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Vital-statistics data concerning population viability were gathered for four of the rarest orchids in Western Australia using surveys to define population sizes and habitat areas and annual measurements of plant demographics. These orchids were Caladenia melanema, C. graniticola, C. williamsiae and Drakaea isolata from the wheatbelt of Western Australia. This agricultural area has a Mediterranean climate with unreliable rainfall, and is >80% cleared of native vegetation. Surveys with 10–30 volunteers increased population-size estimates by up to 10 times and provided spatial data to define c

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7

Brundrett, Mark C. "A Comprehensive Study of Orchid Seed Production Relative to Pollination Traits, Plant Density and Climate in an Urban Reserve in Western Australia." Diversity 11, no. 8 (July 26, 2019): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11080123.

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The pollination of 20 common terrestrial orchids was studied in a 60-ha urban banksia and eucalypt dominated woodland in Western Australia. Five years of data (24,000 flowers, 6800 plants) measured fruit set relative to floral areas, capsule volumes, climate, phenology, pollination mechanisms, disturbance tolerance and demography. Pollination varied from 0–95% of flowers, floral displays from 90–3300 mm2 and capsules from 15–1300 mm3 per spike. Pollination traits strongly influenced outcomes, with self-pollination highest (59—95%), followed by sexually deceptive autumn or winter-flowering (18–

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8

Parsons, R. F. "Monocotyledonous geophytes: comparison of California with Victoria, Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 48, no. 1 (2000): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt98056.

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Data on monocotyledonous geophytes from a recent Victorian flora are compiled and compared with those from California and some other areas of mainly mediterranean climate. Victoria's monocot geophyte diversity of 9&percnt; places it with parts of South Africa and Western Australia in a group of much higher diversity than California and Chile. The Victorian list is dominated by orchids (all with tuberous roots) and that from California by Alliaceae, Calochortaceae and Liliaceae, with bulbs being the predominant storage organ. Only four families of the 17 involved have native species in both

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9

Collins, Margaret, Mark Brundrett, John Koch, and Krishnapillai Sivasithamparam. "Colonisation of jarrah forest bauxite-mine rehabilitation areas by orchid mycorrhizal fungi." Australian Journal of Botany 55, no. 6 (2007): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt06170.

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Orchids require mycorrhizal fungi for germination of seed and growth of seedlings. The colonisation of bauxite-mine rehabilitation areas by orchids is therefore dependent on the availability of both seed and mycorrhizal fungi. Orchid mycorrhizal fungi baiting trials were carried out in rehabilitation areas that were 1, 10 and 26 years old (established in 2001, 1992 and 1976) and adjacent unmined jarrah forest areas at Jarrahdale, Western Australia. Fungal baits consisted of buried six-chambered nylon-mesh packets containing seed of six jarrah forest orchid taxa, Caladenia flava subsp. flava R.

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10

Nikabadi, Shahab, Eric Bunn, Jason Stevens, Belinda Newman, Shane R. Turner, and Kingsley W. Dixon. "Germination responses of four native terrestrial orchids from south-west Western Australia to temperature and light treatments." Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) 118, no. 3 (May 18, 2014): 559–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11240-014-0507-3.

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11

Wylie, Stephen J., Aaron J. Y. Tan, Hua Li, Kingsley W. Dixon, and Michael G. K. Jones. "Caladenia virus A, an unusual new member of the family Potyviridae from terrestrial orchids in Western Australia." Archives of Virology 157, no. 12 (August 23, 2012): 2447–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-012-1452-2.

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12

Konowalik, Kamil, and Marta Kolanowska. "Climatic niche shift and possible future spread of the invasive South African Orchid Disa bracteata in Australia and adjacent areas." PeerJ 6 (December 20, 2018): e6107. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6107.

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Orchids are generally regarded as plants with an insignificant invasive potential and so far only one species has proved to be harmful for native flora. However, previous studies on Epipactis helleborine and Arundina graminifolia indicate that the ecological aspects of range extension in their non-native geographical range are not the same for all species of orchids. Disa bracteata in its native range, South Africa, is categorized as of little concern in terms of conservation whereas in Australia it is naturalized and considered to be an environmental weed. The aim of this research was to dete

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13

Hopper, Stephen D., and Andrew P. Brown. "A revision of Australia' s hammer orchids (Drakaea: Orchidaceae), with some field data on species-specific sexually deceived wasp pollinators." Australian Systematic Botany 20, no. 3 (2007): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb06033.

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Drakaea Lindley, 1840 is a genus of 10 species of geophytic orchids endemic to the South-west Australian Floristic Region. The genus is renowned for its morphological and chemical adaptations, achieving pollination by sexual deception of male thynnid wasps. The history of taxa in Drakaea has been one of dispute and confusion right to the present day. Here we provide a revision of the genus, the first made by using modern collections and field data, formalising names for undescribed taxa featured by Hoffman and Brown (1992, 1998), several of which are threatened with extinction. We describe six

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14

Tremblay, Raymond L., Maria-Eglée Perez, Matthew Larcombe, Andrew Brown, Joe Quarmby, Doug Bickerton, Garry French, and Andrew Bould. "Dormancy in Caladenia: a Bayesian approach to evaluating latency." Australian Journal of Botany 57, no. 4 (2009): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt08163.

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Dormancy is common in many terrestrial orchids in southern Australia and other temperate environments. The difficulty for conservation and management when considering dormancy is ascertaining whether non-emergent plants are dormant or dead. Here we use a multi-state capture–recapture method, undertaken over several seasons, to determine the likelihood of a plant becoming dormant or dying following its annual emergent period and evaluate the frequency of the length of dormancy. We assess the transition probabilities from time series of varying lengths for the following nine terrestrial orchids

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15

DIXON, KINGSLEY W., and MAARTEN J. M. CHRISTENHUSZ. "Endangered fairies: two new species of Caladenia (Orchidaceae; Orchidoideae; Diurideae), from the bauxite plateaux of southwestern Western Australia." Phytotaxa 334, no. 1 (January 12, 2018): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.334.1.15.

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Two new sympatric species of Caladenia from relatively inaccessible, high lateritic plateaux in a high rainfall area in southwestern Western Australia are described here as new to science. The species occur in a restricted area, c 100 km southeast of Perth, south of Dwellingup and northeast of Waroona. The two species co-occur and are associated with putative floral model species that they are mimicking. Caladenia lateritica mimics Conostylis setosa (Haemodoraceae) in terms of flowering time, height, colour and fragrance. Caladenia rosea mimics the flowers of Hypocalymma robustum (Myrtaceae) i

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16

Spennemann, D. H. R., and L. R. Allen. "Feral olives ( Olea europaea) as future woody weeds in Australia: a review." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 40, no. 6 (2000): 889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea98141.

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Olives (Olea europaea ssp. europaea), dispersed from 19th century orchards in the Adelaide area, have become established in remnant bushland as a major environmental weed. Recent expansion of the Australian olive industry has resulted in the widespread planting of olive orchards in South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales, Western Australia, Queensland and parts of Tasmania. This paper reviews the literature on the activity of vertebrate (principally avian) olive predators and their potential as vectors for spreading this plant into Australian remnant bushland. The effects of feralisation on

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17

Wilkinson, K. G., K. Sivasithamparam, K. W. Dixon, P. C. Fahy, and J. K. Bradley. "Identification and characterisation of bacteria associated with Western Australian orchids." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 26, no. 1 (January 1994): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(94)90205-4.

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18

Collins, MT, and KW Dixon. "Micropropagation of an Australian terrestrial orchid Diuris longifolia R. Br." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 32, no. 1 (1992): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9920131.

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A method is described for the in vitro propagation of the Australian terrestrial orchid Diuris longifolia R. Br. Explants from inflorescences of D. longifolia were successfully cultured on modified Burgeffs N3f containing the cytokinin N6 benzyladenine. Protocorm-like bodies formed after 49 days on explants taken from the basal section of flower buds and axillary nodes from inflorescences. Root formation occurred 70 days after transfer of 10-20-rnm-long shoots onto medium containing coconut water and no cytokinin, and rooted plantlets were transferred to soil and acclimatised 2-3 weeks later.

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19

Batty, A. L., K. W. Dixon, M. Brundrett, and K. Sivasithamparam. "Long-term storage of mycorrhizal fungi and seed as a tool for the conservation of endangered Western Australian terrestrial orchids." Australian Journal of Botany 49, no. 5 (2001): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt01029.

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The impact of seed drying, seed storage and development of testing procedures for seed viability assessment was undertaken for a selection of common taxa with congeners that are rare and endangered (Caladenia, Diuris, Pterostylisand Thelymitra). Freshly collected seed showed significantly lower levels of germination compared with seed that had been subjected to drying over silica gel for 24 h. Seed dried over silica gel for 24 h and plunged into liquid nitrogen exhibited a further increase in germination levels. Germination of seed stored at 4, 18 or 22˚C for 1 year was substantially higher th

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20

Craven, Lyn A., Brendan J. Lepschi, Linda Broadhurst, and Margaret Byrne. "Taxonomic revision of the broombush complex in Western Australia (Myrtaceae, Melaleuca uncinata s.l.)." Australian Systematic Botany 17, no. 3 (2004): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb04001.

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The Western Australian members of the broombush complex, Melaleuca uncinata R.Br., are revised. Eleven species of the complex are recognised, of which seven are newly described: M. atroviridis Craven & Lepschi, M.�exuvia Craven & Lepschi, M.�interioris Craven & Lepschi, M.�osullivanii Craven & Lepschi, M.�scalena Craven & Lepschi, M.�vinnula Craven & Lepschi, M.�zeteticorum Craven & Lepschi. An identification key is provided, and the Western Australian distribution of each species is mapped. The occurrence of hybridisation between members of the complex is reported.

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21

Batty, A. L., M. C. Brundrett, K. W. Dixon, and K. Sivasithamparam. "In situ symbiotic seed germination and propagation of terrestrial orchid seedlings for establishment at field sites." Australian Journal of Botany 54, no. 4 (2006): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt04024.

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The establishment of five species of temperate terrestrial orchids (Caladenia arenicola Hopper & A.P.Brown, Diuris magnifica D.L.Jones, D. micrantha D.L.Jones, Pterostylis sanginea D.LJones & M.A.Clem. and Thelymitra manginiorum ms) in natural habitat through in situ seed sowing, or by planting of seedlings and dormant tubers, was evaluated. Seed of the Western Australian temperate terrestrial taxa, Caladenia arenicola and Pterostylis sanguinea germinated best when sown into soil inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi at field sites but failed to develop the tubers necessary for surviving s

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22

Bustam, B. M., K. W. Dixon, and E. Bunn. "CRYOPRESERVATION OF SECONDARY PROTOCORMS, AN ALTERNATIVE PATHWAY FOR CONSERVATION OF WESTERN AUSTRALIAN TERRESTRIAL ORCHIDS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1078 (March 2015): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2015.1078.7.

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23

Ho, G., S. Dallas, M. Anda, and K. Mathew. "On-site wastewater technologies in Australia." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 6 (September 1, 2001): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0346.

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Domestic wastewater reuse is currently not permitted anywhere in Australia but is widely supported by the community, promoted by researchers, and improvised by up to 20% of householders. Its widespread implementation will make an enormous contribution to the sustainability of water resources. Integrated with other strategies in the outdoor living environment of settlements in arid lands, great benefit will be derived. This paper describes six options for wastewater reuse under research by the Remote Area Developments Group (RADG) at Murdoch University and case studies are given where productiv

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24

Manning, R. "The Beetube — a new honey bee pollination device in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 42, no. 5 (2002): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea01141.

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The development of a simple, durable, lightweight and disposable beehive for high-density (and netted) orchards and crops distant from beekeeping areas provides a useful product and a further diversification for beekeepers involved in professional pollination services. The total weight of a fully developed Beetube ranged from 2.23 to 3.64 kg, contained about 9101 bees, 3038 cm2 of comb, and had a morning and afternoon flight activity of 19-43 and 11-34 honey bees per minute, respectively.

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25

Batty, A. L., M. C. Brundrett, K. W. Dixon, and K. Sivasithamparam. "New methods to improve symbiotic propagation of temperate terrestrial orchid seedlings from axenic culture to soil." Australian Journal of Botany 54, no. 4 (2006): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt04023.

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This research aimed to improve the success of soil transfer of terrestrial orchid seedlings after symbiotic germination in the laboratory. Three native Western Australian terrestrial orchids (Caladenia arenicola Hopper & A.P.Brown, Diuris magnifica D.L.Jones and Thelymitra crinita Lindley) were used in this study. The key to improved seedling survival on transfer to soil was found to be the use of an intermediate stage between the Petri dish and soil where larger seedlings were grown in an axenic environment with controlled humidity. There was no apparent benefit of pre-inoculating potting

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26

Bougoure, Jeremy, Mark Brundrett, Andrew Brown, and Pauline F. Grierson. "Habitat characteristics of the rare underground orchid Rhizanthella gardneri." Australian Journal of Botany 56, no. 6 (2008): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt08031.

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Rhizanthella gardneri R.S.Rogers is an entirely subterranean mycoheterotrophic orchid known only from two isolated populations within south-western Western Australia (WA). This rare species appears restricted to habitats dominated by species of the Melaleuca uncinata complex. R. gardneri purportedly forms a tripartite relationship with Melaleuca1, via a connecting mycorrhizal fungus, for the purpose of carbohydrate and nutrient acquisition. Here, we quantify key climate, soil and vegetation characteristics of known R. gardneri habitats to provide baseline data for monitoring of known R. gardne

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27

Watanawikkit, Patcharawadee, Sureeya Tantiwiwat, Eric Bunn, Kingsley W. Dixon, and Kongkanda Chayanarit. "Cryopreservation of in vitro-propagated protocorms of Caladenia for terrestrial orchid conservation in Western Australia." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 170, no. 2 (August 22, 2012): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2012.01284.x.

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28

Long, JL. "Damage to Cultivated Fruit by Parrots in the South of Western Australia." Wildlife Research 12, no. 1 (1985): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9850075.

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Damage to 6 orchards of apples, pears, plums and nectarines in Western Australia by the parrots Purpureicephalus spurius, Platycercus icterotis and Barnardius zonarius was studied in 1973-75 and damage by the cockatoo Calyptorhynchus funereus baudinii was recorded opportunistically for comparison. There was up to 12% damage to individual varieties of fruit, least to green varieties of apple. In any one season no single orchard had losses over 1.4% of total fruit grown and none had net income affected by more than $A100. Damage by those smaller parrots was of little economic significance during

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29

Abbott, I. "Distribution of introduced earthworms in the norhtern jarrah forest of Western Australia." Soil Research 23, no. 2 (1985): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9850263.

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Five species of introduced earthworm were recorded in the northern jarrah forest of Western Australia during 1980-83. These are Aporrectodea trapezoides (Duges), A. caliginosa (Savigny), Eisenia fetida (Savigny), Octolasion cyaneum (Savigny) (all Lumbricidae) and Microscolex dubius (Fletcher) (Megascolecidae). A. trapezoides was recorded most frequently. These introduced species occur within the forest only where there has been major disturbance, especially where forest has been replaced by pasture, orchards or settlement. They have not been recorded in forest that has been logged or in planta

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30

Cripps, JEL. "Response of apple trees to soil applications of phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 27, no. 6 (1987): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9870909.

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An experiment was conducted at Manjimup Research Station in Western Australia from 1973 to 1982 to determine the optimum rates of fertilizer applications for apple trees (Granny Smith/MM.104 and Hi Early Red Delicious/MM.104) growing in a P-deficient soil (about 6 mg/g bicarbonate-extractable P). The trees were planted at 6.1 multiply 6.1 m spacings. Superphosphate at 5 or 8 kg/tree consistently increased fruit set, but the increase varied from year to year from 8 to 91%. Weight of prunings increased by 24-29% and tree height multiply width by 11-16%. When results were averaged over both culti

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31

Indsto, James O., Peter H. Weston, and Mark A. Clements. "A molecular phylogenetic analysis of Diuris (Orchidaceae) based on AFLP and ITS reveals three major clades and a basal species." Australian Systematic Botany 22, no. 1 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb08029.

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Diuris is a terrestrial orchid genus of at least 61 and possibly more than 100 species, restricted to Australia except for one species endemic in Timor. Distinctive species groups have respective eastern and western centres of distribution. Although species affinities have been vaguely understood for many years, no formal infrageneric treatment has been undertaken as Diuris possesses few reliable morphological characters for a classification system. We have undertaken cladistic parsimony and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of Diuris by using the ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 region of nuclear rDNA and morphol

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32

Muir, K., M. Byrne, E. Barbour, M. C. Cox, and J. E. D. Fox. "High Levels of Outcrossing in a Family Trial of Western Australian Sandalwood (Santalum spicatum)." Silvae Genetica 56, no. 1-6 (December 1, 2007): 222–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sg-2007-0033.

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Abstract The mating system of Western Australian sandalwood (Santalum spicatum) was investigated in seed collections from a family trial. The mean outcrossing rate was high (95.2%) although there was variation among families and one family showed particularly low outcrossing, high bi-parental inbreeding and high correlated paternity. Variation in flowering time between this family and others in the trial was the most likely cause of the high inbreeding and low number of fathers contributing to the seed crop in trees from this family. The high level of outcrossing in the rest of the families in

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33

Suitor, S., B. M. Potts, P. H. Brown, A. J. Gracie, and P. L. Gore. "Post-pollination capsule development in Eucalyptus globulus seed orchards." Australian Journal of Botany 56, no. 1 (2008): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt07126.

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Low capsule set is a major factor limiting seed production in Eucalyptus globulus seed orchards. Trials were conducted in E. globulus seed orchards in Tasmania, Australia, to identify the timing of capsule development and abortion, as well as the influence of pollination type, the number of ovules fertilised and weather events on capsule set. Controlled pollination (CP), mass supplementary pollination (MSP), open pollination (OP) and isolated unpollinated control (UP) treatments were performed on 21 genotypes in an orchard in southern Tasmania in 2004–2005 and on six genotypes in a higher-alti

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34

Rahman, Touhidur, and Sonya Broughton. "Suppressing Mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) with an attract-and-kill device in pome and stone fruit orchards in Western Australia." Crop Protection 80 (February 2016): 108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2015.11.005.

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35

Wasilwa, L. A., N. Ondabu, and G. W. Watani. "064 The History of Macadamia Nut Introduction and Development in Kenya." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 452B—452. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.452b.

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The macadamia nut was introduced to the Kenyan highlands from Australia in the early 1960s. Seedlings were propagated at a nursery near Kiambu in central Kenya by Bob Harris and were subsequently distributed in the central and eastern highlands and later the western highlands. The majority of seedlings planted were one two species, Macadamia integrifolia Maiden and Betche or M. tetraphylla L. S. A less common species, Macadamia ternifolia, was also planted. Several hybrids of M. integrifolia and M. tetraphylla have been identified in the central and eastern highlands. A macadamia improvement r

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36

Jones, C. G., J. A. Plummer, E. L. Barbour, and M. Byrne. "Genetic Diversity of an Australian Santalum album Collection – Implications For Tree Improvement Potential." Silvae Genetica 58, no. 1-6 (December 1, 2009): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sg-2009-0036.

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AbstractThe Forest Products Commission of Western Australia manages a sandalwood (Santalum spp.) core germplasm collection at Kununurra in the states far north. This collection serves as a significant seed source for sandalwood plantations in the area and remains an important resource for ongoing research. The collection contains S. album trees sourced from Indian arboreta, along with a few trees from West Timor, Indonesia. Also present are representatives of S. macgregorii from Papua New Guinea and S. austrocaledonicum from Vanuatu and/or New Caledonia. Despite the apparently diverse seed ori

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37

Olsen, J. L. "Chestnut Production in the Northwestern United States." HortTechnology 10, no. 2 (January 2000): 296–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.10.2.296.

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The chestnut (Castanea Mill.) industry in the northwestern United States is in its relative infancy, with most orchards being less than 10 years of age. Currently there are an estimated 300 acres (121 ha) in Oregon and Washington. California has about 500 acres (202 ha) in chestnuts. Current worldwide production is over 500,000 tons (435,600 t). China is the leading producer with 40%, followed by Korea at 15%. Italy, Turkey and Japan grow 10% each, while France, Greece and Spain grow 4% each. The United States, Chile, Argentina, New Zealand and Australia each grow less than 1%. The value of ch

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Munda, A., and M. Viršček Marn. "First Report of Brown Rot Caused by Monilinia fructicola Affecting Peach Orchards in Slovenia." Plant Disease 94, no. 9 (September 2010): 1166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-94-9-1166a.

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Monilinia fructicola, the causal agent of brown rot, is a destructive fungal pathogen that affects mainly stone fruits (Prunoideae). It causes fruit rot, blossom wilt, twig blight, and canker formation and is common in North and South America, Australia, and New Zealand. M. fructicola is listed as a quarantine pathogen in the European Union and was absent from this region until 2001 when it was detected in France. In August 2009, mature peaches (Prunus persica cv. Royal Glory) with brown rot were found in a 5-year-old orchard in Goriška, western Slovenia. Symptoms included fruit lesions and mu

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Chen, C. C., C. H. Huang, Y. H. Cheng, T. C. Chen, S. D. Yeh, and C. A. Chang. "First Report of Capsicum chlorosis virus Infecting Amaryllis and Blood Lily in Taiwan." Plant Disease 93, no. 12 (December 2009): 1346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-93-12-1346a.

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Capsicum chlorosis virus (CaCV), a thrips-transmitted, tentative species in the genus Tospovirus, family Bunyaviridae, was first identified in solanaceous crops, but also infects several ornamental crops such as orchid (4), gloxinia (3), and calla lily (1). From 2005 to 2007, virus-like yellow ringspots were observed on the leaves of amaryllis (Hippeastrum hybridum Hort.) and blood lily (Haemanthus multiflorus Martyn.) plants cultured in screenhouses and a private garden, respectively. Three of several hundred amaryllis plants in screenhouses from two places were observed as showing yellow rin

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Kauerhof, A. Christine, Nour Nicolas, Sudhanshu Bhushan, Eva Wahle, Kate A. Loveland, Daniela Fietz, Martin Bergmann, et al. "Investigation of activin A in inflammatory responses of the testis and its role in the development of testicular fibrosis." Human Reproduction 34, no. 8 (July 24, 2019): 1536–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dez109.

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Abstract STUDY QUESTION Does activin A contribute to testicular fibrosis under inflammatory conditions? SUMMARY ANSWER Our results show that activin A and key fibrotic proteins are increased in human testicular biopsies with leukocytic infiltrates and impaired spermatogenesis and in murine experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) and that activin A stimulates fibrotic responses in peritubular cells (PTCs) and NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Fibrosis is a feature of EAO. Activin A, a regulator of fibrosis, was increased in testes of mice with EAO and its expression correlated with seve

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Brundrett, Mark C., and Timothy A. Hammer. "The Eriochilus dilatatus (Orchidaceae) complex in Western Australia: subspecies taxonomy is not supported by consistent differences in morphology or distribution." Australian Systematic Botany, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb19024.

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A detailed study of taxonomic features of the Eriochilus dilatatus (Orchidaceae) complex (white bunny orchids) in Western Australia found that there were no consistent differences among most subspecies when herbarium specimens or living plants were compared. These subspecies were originally segregated primarily by differences in leaf size and shape and the number of flowers produced, but a critical examination of herbarium specimens found that these features were highly inconsistent within taxa. These features were also found to be highly variable over time and space within populations of livi

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Trapnell, Dorset W., Patrick A. Smallwood, Kingsley W. Dixon, and Ryan D. Phillips. "Are small populations larger than they seem? Genetic insights into patchily distributed populations of Drakaea glyptodon (Orchidaceae)." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, August 21, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boab042.

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Abstract Many orchids are characterized by small, patchily distributed populations. Resolving how they persist is important for understanding the ecology of this hyper-diverse family, many members of which are of conservation concern. Ten populations of the common terrestrial orchid Drakaea glyptodon from south-western Australia were genotyped with ten nuclear and five plastid simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Levels and partitioning of genetic variation and effective population sizes (Ne) were estimated. Spatial genetic structure of nuclear diversity, together with plastid data, were used

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"Odontoglossum ringspot virus. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 1) (July 1, 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20083245626.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Odontoglossum ringspot virus. Virus: Tobamovirus. Main hosts: Orchidaceae, including Cattleya, Cymbidium, Dendrobium, tiger orchid (Rossioglossum grande) and Vanilla sp. Information is provided on the geographical distribution in Europe (Belgium, Croatia, France, Germany, Hungary, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Poland, UK, Ukraine), Asia (China, Guangdong, Hainan, India, Sikkim, Indonesia, Japan, Honshu, Korea Republic, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam), Africa (Reunion, South Africa), North America (Canada, British Co

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King, Emerald L., and Denise N. Rall. "Re-imagining the Empire of Japan through Japanese Schoolboy Uniforms." M/C Journal 18, no. 6 (March 7, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.1041.

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Introduction“From every kind of man obedience I expect; I’m the Emperor of Japan.” (“Miyasama,” from Gilbert and Sullivan’s musical The Mikado, 1885)This commentary is facilitated by—surprisingly resilient—oriental stereotypes of an imagined Japan (think of Oscar Wilde’s assertion, in 1889, that Japan was a European invention). During the Victorian era, in Britain, there was a craze for all things oriental, particularly ceramics and “there was a craze for all things Japanese and no middle class drawing room was without its Japanese fan or teapot.“ (V&A Victorian). These pastoral depictions

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