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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Ovine placental lactogen (oPL)"

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Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 20 de febrero de 2023

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1

Warren, W. C., R. Liang, G. G. Krivi, N. R. Siegel, and R. V. Anthony. "Purification and structural characterization of ovine placental lactogen." Journal of Endocrinology 126, no. 1 (July 1990): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1260141.

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ABSTRACT Discrepancies exist in the reported purity and biological activity of ovine placental lactogen (oPL), and little structural characterization has been reported. Ovine PL was purified from fetal cotyledonary tissue (day 100 of gestation) by monitoring activity with a recombinant bovine GH (bGH) liver radioreceptor assay. Two hundred grams of tissue yielded 4·2 mg of oPL, with an ∼ 1000-fold purification of oPL specific activity following initial tissue extraction. The oPL was radioiodinated and used in an ovine fetal liver (day 100 of gestation) radioreceptor assay to examine competitiv

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2

Wooding, F. B., G. Morgan, I. A. Forsyth, G. Butcher, A. Hutchings, S. A. Billingsley, and P. D. Gluckman. "Light and electron microscopic studies of cellular localization of oPL with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 40, no. 7 (July 1992): 1001–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/40.7.1607634.

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Accurate knowledge of placental lactogen localization is fundamental to any hypothesis of its synthesis and secretion. We used locally generated monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies from three separate sources to localize ovine placental lactogen immunoreactivity on light and electron microscope Lowicryl K4M sections of ovine placentomes of 97-145 days of gestation, using immunogold techniques. All antibodies demonstrated that immunoreactivity was exclusively localized in the trophoectoderm binucleate cell Golgi body and granules and in granules in the syncytium derived from binucleate cell mi

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3

Huyler, S. E., W. R. Butler, A. Grandis, C. Mann, J. P. Figueroa, P. W. Nathanielsz, M. Mitchell, and S. Handwerger. "Stimulation of ovine placental lactogen secretion by arachidonic acid." Journal of Endocrinology 106, no. 1 (July 1985): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1060043.

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ABSTRACT To determine whether arachidonic acid stimulates the secretion of ovine placental lactogen (oPL), arachidonic acid was infused as an intravenous bolus into pregnant ewes and fetuses. Plasma oPL concentrations were determined in mothers and fetuses before and for 5 h after infusion. The administration of 12·5 mg arachidonic acid (0·15−0·2 mg/kg, n = 11 experiments) to the pregnant ewes caused an increase in maternal plasma oPL concentrations of 73·9±15·6% (s.e.m.) and 60·8±18·1% above the pretreatment concentrations at 4 and 5 h respectively P<0·01 in each instance). The infusion of

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4

Braun, Thorsten, Shaofu Li, Timothy J. M. Moss, John P. Newnham, John R. G. Challis, Peter D. Gluckman, and Deborah M. Sloboda. "Maternal betamethasone administration reduces binucleate cell number and placental lactogen in sheep." Journal of Endocrinology 194, no. 2 (August 2007): 337–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe-07-0123.

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The placenta may mediate glucocorticoid-induced fetal growth restriction. Previous studies have examined effects of fetal cortisol in sheep, which reduces placental binucleate cell (BNC) number; the source of ovine placental lactogen (oPL). The effects of maternal GC are unknown. Therefore, this study examined the effects of maternal betamethasone (BET) administration on BNC number, distribution, placental oPL protein levels, and maternal and fetal plasma oPL levels. Pregnant ewes were randomized to receive injections of saline or one (104 days of gestation; dG), two (104 and 111 dG), or three

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5

Freemark, M., M. Comer, and S. Handwerger. "Placental lactogen and GH receptors in sheep liver: striking differences in ontogeny and function." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 251, no. 3 (September 1, 1986): E328—E333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1986.251.3.e328.

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To determine whether changes in the relative biological potencies of ovine placental lactogen (oPL) and ovine growth hormone (oGH) during development derive from ontogenetic changes in the binding of these hormones to hepatic receptors, we have compared the binding of 125I-oPL and 125I-oGH to hepatic membranes from fetal lambs and pregnant sheep at mid- and late gestation and from postnatal sheep at 1 day to 7 mo of age. Specific high-affinity 125I-oPL binding sites in ovine fetal liver were detected as early as day 70 of gestation (term = 145 days), and the number of fetal 125I-oPL binding si

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6

Sakal, E., C. Bignon, J. Grosclaude, A. Kantor, R. Shapira, H. Leibovitch, D. Helman, et al. "Large-scale preparation and characterization of recombinant ovine placental lactogen." Journal of Endocrinology 152, no. 2 (February 1997): 317–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1520317.

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Abstract To clone ovine placental lactogen (oPL) cDNA, total RNA from sheep placental cotyledon was reverse transcribed and the single-stranded cDNA was PCR-amplified with 5′ and 3′ primers containing, respectively, Ncol and PstI sites. The oPL cDNA fragment amplified between these two primers extended from A(−1) to the natural stop codon. The PCR product was gel-purified and subcloned into a Puc vector and the insert was sequenced on both strands, revealing several differences relative to the published sequence: S19N, S69N, D129E and R165Q. We assume that these differences can be accounted fo

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7

Falconer, J., J. A. Owens, E. Allotta, and J. S. Robinson. "Effect of restriction of placental growth on the concentrations of insulin, glucose and placental lactogen in the plasma of sheep." Journal of Endocrinology 106, no. 1 (July 1985): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1060007.

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ABSTRACT The effect of restricting placental growth on maternal glucose, insulin and placental lactogen was investigated in 16 ewes carrying singleton lambs. Uterine caruncles were removed from seven ewes (caruncle ewes) before pregnancy, resulting in reduced placental size and retarded intra-uterine fetal growth. The concentration of insulin in maternal plasma was similar in both control and caruncle ewes. The concentration of glucose was significantly higher in the caruncle than in the control ewes (3·26 ± 0·15 (s.e.m.) mmol/l, number of observations (n) = 9, vs 2·75 ± 0·1, n = 9, P<0·02,

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8

Ogawa, E., B. H. Breier, M. K. Bauer, and P. D. Gluckman. "Ovine placental lactogen lacks direct somatogenic and anticatabolic actions in the postnatal lamb." Journal of Endocrinology 145, no. 1 (April 1995): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1450087.

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Abstract The metabolic effects of ovine placental lactogen (oPL) alone and in combination with bovine GH (bGH) were investigated in comparison with the identical dose of bGH alone in the well-fed postnatal lamb. The animals were treated by twice daily intramuscular injection for 5 days with oPL (n=7), bGH (n=7) or bGH+oPL (n=7) at a dose of 0·3 mg/kg per day or saline (n=9). bGH and bGH+oPL treatments, but not oPL treatment, resulted in significantly (P<0·01) higher plasma IGF-I levels than saline treatment. The rate of net protein catabolism (NPC) was significantly (P<0·05) reduced to t

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9

Lea, Richard G., Peter Wooding, Ian Stewart, Lisa T. Hannah, Stephen Morton, Karen Wallace, Raymond P. Aitken, et al. "The expression of ovine placental lactogen, StAR and progesterone-associated steroidogenic enzymes in placentae of overnourished growing adolescent ewes." Reproduction 133, no. 4 (April 2007): 785–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-06-0294.

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Overnourishing pregnant adolescent sheep promotes maternal growth but reduces placental mass, lamb birth weight and circulating progesterone. This study aimed to determine whether altered progesterone reflected transcript abundance forStAR(cholesterol transporter) and the steroidogenic enzymes (Cyp11A1,Hsd3bandCyp17). Circulating and placental expression of ovine placental lactogen (oPL) was also investigated. Adolescent ewes with singleton pregnancies were fed high (H) or moderate (M) nutrient intake diets to restrict or support placental growth. Experiment 1: peripheral progesterone and oPL

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10

Chan, John S. D., Z. R. Nie, N. G. Seidah, and M. Chrétien. "Purification of ovine placental lactogen (oPL) using high-performance liquid chromatography." FEBS Letters 199, no. 2 (April 21, 1986): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(86)80491-4.

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11

Ogawa, Eishin, Bernhard H. Breier, Barbara Funk, Michael K. Bauer, and Peter D. Gluckman. "Ovine Placental Lactogen (oPL) Lacks Anabolic Action in the Postnatal Lamb." Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology 3, Supple5 (1994): 181–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1297/cpe.3.supple5_181.

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12

Limesand, Sean W., Kimberly M. Jeckel та Russell V. Anthony. "Purα, a Single-Stranded Deoxyribonucleic Acid Binding Protein, Augments Placental Lactogen Gene Transcription". Molecular Endocrinology 18, № 2 (1 лютого 2004): 447–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.2003-0392.

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Abstract Placental lactogen (PL) is thought to alter maternal metabolism to increase the pool of nutrients available for the fetus and to stimulate fetal nutrient uptake. The ovine (o) PL gene is expressed in chorionic binucleate cells (oBNC) and cis-elements located within the proximal promoter (−124 to +16 bp) are capable of trophoblast-specific expression in human (BeWo) and rat (Rcho-1) choriocarcinoma cells. Protein-DNA interactions were identified with oBNC nuclear extracts, and mutational analysis of these regions revealed a previously undefined cis-element from −102/−123 bp that enhanc

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13

BOBOWIEC, RYSZARD, MARTA WÓJCIK, ANDRZEJ MILCZAK, URSZULA KOSIOR-KORZECKA, MONIKA GREGUŁA-KANIA, and JAROSŁAW TATARCZAK. "Relationship between mammary blood flow, infrared thermography and ovine placental lactogen during the periparturient period in ewes." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 75, no. 05 (2019): 6245–2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6245.

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The aim of the study to verify the hypothesis whether a drop in the oPL levels in the blood in the periparturient period is associated with changes in the right mammary vein blood flow (RMVBF) and udder skin temperature (UST). We were also interested in comparing variations in the above-mentioned parameters in single- and twin-pregnant ewes. Beginning six days before parturition (-6th day) until four days postpartum (4th day), every second day each of 15 experimental pregnant ewes was subjected to color Doppler ultrasound performed with continuous wave-equipment (My Lab One/Touch) and infrared

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14

Morgan, G., F. B. Wooding, and M. R. Brandon. "Immunogold localization of placental lactogen and the SBU-3 antigen by cryoultramicrotomy at implantation in the sheep." Journal of Cell Science 88, no. 4 (November 1, 1987): 503–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.88.4.503.

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In the sheep, granulated trophectodermal binucleate cells (BNC) appear at implantation 16 days post coitum (dpc) and persist throughout pregnancy. Conventional immunocytochemical techniques at both light and electron microscope levels have indicated the presence of the ovine placental lactogen (oPL) hormone in the granules but no earlier than 22 dpc, when the level was very low. Immunofluorescent studies using glycolmethacrylate sections between 15 and 55 dpc suggest a completely different distribution of oPL restricted to uninucleate cells with none in the BNC. Using the most sensitive method

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15

Kann, G., A. Delobelle-Deroide, L. Belair, A. Gertler, and J. Djiane. "Demonstration of in vivo mammogenic and lactogenic effects of recombinant ovine placental lactogen and mammogenic effect of recombinant ovine GH in ewes during artificial induction of lactation." Journal of Endocrinology 160, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 365–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1600365.

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The present study demonstrates that ovine placental lactogen (oPL) (ovine chorionic somatotrophin) may have an important role in the mammogenesis and/or lactogenesis of the ewe. Its effects were compared with that already described for ovine growth hormone (oGH). In the first experiment, 40 nulliparous ewes were induced to lactate by means of a 7 day (days 1-7) oestro-progestative treatment (E2+P4). The ewes from Group 1 (n=12) received no further treatment, while those of the other groups received either recombinant oGH (roGH, 28 micrograms/kg, i.m., twice daily, Group 2, n=12) or recombinant

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16

Waters, M. J., V. H. Oddy, C. E. McCloghry, P. D. Gluckman, R. Duplock, P. C. Owens, and M. W. Brinsmead. "An examination of the proposed roles of placental lactogen in the ewe by means of antibody neutralization." Journal of Endocrinology 106, no. 3 (September 1985): 377–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1060377.

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ABSTRACT The physiological role of placental lactogen (PL; chorionic somatomammotrophin) in the ewe has been investigated by infusion of ewes (n = 3) on day 131 of pregnancy with sufficient ovine PL (oPL) antibody to neutralize circulating oPL for at least 12 h. Effectiveness of the antibody neutralization was defined both in vitro and in vivo according to rigorous criteria. Control ewes (n = 3) were infused simultaneously with an equivalent amount of pooled goat gamma globulin. Since both sets of ewes had previously been catheterized with jugular, utero-ovarian and femoral vein catheters and

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17

Biener, Eva, Cyril Martin, Nathalie Daniel, Stuart J. Frank, Victoria E. Centonze, Brian Herman, Jean Djiane, and Arieh Gertler. "Ovine Placental Lactogen-Induced Heterodimerization of Ovine Growth Hormone and Prolactin Receptors in Living Cells Is Demonstrated by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Microscopy and Leads to Prolonged Phosphorylation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT)1 and STAT3." Endocrinology 144, no. 8 (August 1, 2003): 3532–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2003-0096.

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Abstract HEK-293T cells transiently transfected with ovine (o) GH receptor (GHR) and prolactin receptor (PRLR) constructs respectively tagged downstream with cyan or yellow fluorescent proteins were used to study ovine placental lactogen (oPL)-stimulated heterodimerization by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy. The oPL-stimulated transient heterodimerization of GHR and PRLR had a peak occurring 2.5–3 min after oPL application, whereas oGH or oPRL had no effect at all. The results indicate none or only little dimerization occurring before the hormonal stimulation. The effe

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18

Al-Gubory, K. H., S. Camous, G. Germain, P. Bolifraud, A. Nicole, and I. Ceballos-Picot. "Reconsideration of the proposed luteotropic and luteoprotective actions of ovine placental lactogen in sheep: in vivo and in vitro studies." Journal of Endocrinology 188, no. 3 (March 2006): 559–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.1.06550.

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Ovine placental lactogen (oPL) is produced by the conceptus trophectoderm and is secreted into both the maternal and fetal circulations. The present study was designed to examine in vivo the luteotropic effect of recombinant oPL (roPL), as determined by monitoring progesterone concentration and cycle length (experiment 1), and the antioxidative and antiapoptotic effects of roPL, as determined respectively by monitoring antioxidant enzymatic activity and apoptosis in the corpus luteum (CL) of cyclic ewes (experiment 2). We also studied whether roPL is capable of stimulating progesterone secreti

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19

Gallaher, B. W., B. H. Breier, W. F. Blum, S. N. McCutcheon, and P. D. Gluckman. "A homologous radioimmunoassay for ovine insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2: ontogenesis and the response to growth hormone, placental lactogen and insulin-like growth factor-I treatment in sheep." Journal of Endocrinology 144, no. 1 (January 1995): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1440075.

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Abstract Although insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) is an abundant IGFBP in fetal and postnatal plasma, its regulation is not yet clearly understood. To address this question in sheep, we purified ovine IGFBP-2 and developed a homologous radioimmunoassay. We have studied its ontogenesis and measured serum concentrations of ovine IGFBP-2 after bovine growth hormone (bGH), ovine placental lactogen (oPL) and IGF-I treatment. Concentrations of IGFBP-2 were high at 125 days of gestation (550 ± 15 μg/l) but fell after birth P<0·05) and plateaued after 1 year of age (340 ± 20

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Regnault, TR, RJ Orbus, FC Battaglia, RB Wilkening, and RV Anthony. "Altered arterial concentrations of placental hormones during maximal placental growth in a model of placental insufficiency." Journal of Endocrinology 162, no. 3 (September 1, 1999): 433–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1620433.

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Pregnant ewes were exposed chronically to thermoneutral (TN; 20+/-2 degrees C, 30% relative humidity; n=8) or hyperthermic (HT; 40+/-2 degrees C 12 h/day, 35+/-2 degrees C 12 h/day, 30% relative humidity, n=6) environments between days 37 and 93 of pregnancy. Ewes were killed following 56 days of exposure to either environment (days in treatment (dit)), corresponding to 93+/-1 day post coitus (dpc). Maternal core body temperatures (CBT) in HT ewes were significantly elevated above the TN ewes (HT; 39.86+/-0.1 degrees C vs TN; 39.20+/-0.1 degrees C; P<0.001). Both groups of animals displayed

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Breier, B. H., B. Funk, A. Surus, G. R. Ambler, C. A. Wells, M. J. Waters, and P. D. Gluckman. "Characterization of ovine growth hormone (oGH) and ovine placental lactogen (oPL) binding to fetal and adult hepatic tissue in sheep: evidence that oGH and oPL interact with a common receptor." Endocrinology 135, no. 3 (September 1994): 919–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo.135.3.8070387.

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22

Helman, D., A. Herman, J. Paly, O. Livnah, PA Elkins, AM de Vos, J. Djiane, and A. Gertler. "Mutations of ovine and bovine placental lactogens change, in different ways, the biological activity mediated through homologous and heterologous lactogenic receptors." Journal of Endocrinology 169, no. 1 (April 1, 2001): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1690043.

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The biological activities of ovine (o) and bovine (b) placental lactogens (PLs) and their mutated analogues were compared using several binding and in vitro bioassays. In almost all cases, the biological activities of these analogues mediated through rat (r) prolactin receptor (PRLR) showed little or no change, despite a remarkable decrease in their capacity to bind to the extracellular domain of rPRLR and despite compromised stability of the 2:1 complexes. These results indicate that mutations impairing the ability of oPL or bPL to form stable complexes with lactogenic receptors do not necess

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Oddy, VH, and PJ Holst. "Maternal-foetal adaptation to mid pregnancy feed restriction in single-bearing ewes." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 42, no. 6 (1991): 969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9910969.

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In two experiments, restriction of feed to levels below maintenance for periods of up to 4 weeks was imposed on groups of ewes bearing single foetuses at 79, 87 or 95 days post coitus. In the first experiment, carried out at pasture, measurements were made of concentration of ovine placental lactogen (oPL) and progesterone in ewe plasma. Effects on lamb birth weight and gestation length were also examined. The second experiment investigated the effect of maternal feed restriction of (i) feed intake, (ii) maternal oPL, (iii) maternal plasma glucose concentration, (iv) lamb birth weight and (v)

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Rueda, BR, TG Dunn, RV Anthony, and GE Moss. "Influence of fetal death and fetectomy on gestation and the initiation of parturition in the ewe." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 7, no. 5 (1995): 1221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd9951221.

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Depressed function of the fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis results in prolonged gestation, and fetal death causes premature parturition. The objective of this experiment was to determine effects of death in utero of a sibling, or its removal, on the duration of gestation and concomitant changes in maternal serum concentrations of oestradiol (E) and progesterone (P). Ovine placental lactogen (oPL) was also determined as an index of placental viability. Blood samples were collected in the morning, beginning 3 days prior to surgery on Day 115 +/- 3 of gestation and continuing daily until

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Oliver, M. H., J. E. Harding, B. H. Breier, P. C. Evans, B. W. Gallaher, and P. D. Gluckman. "The effects of ovine placental lactogen infusion on metabolites, insulin-like growth factors and binding proteins in the fetal sheep." Journal of Endocrinology 144, no. 2 (February 1995): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1440333.

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Abstract It has been suggested, but not shown, that in the fetus placental lactogen (PL) may affect the regulation of the IGFs and fetal metabolism. To examine the effects of PL on the circulating concentrations of the IGFs, IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), glucose, free fatty acids (FFAs) and amino nitrogen (AN), we infused late gestation sheep fetuses with recombinant ovine PL (roPL). Five chronically-catheterised sheep fetuses were infused intravenously with three 24 h infusions of saline, roPL (100 μg bolus then 500 μg over 24 h) and then saline again. Fetal roPL infusion increased plasma oP

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Breier, B. H., G. R. Ambler, H. Sauerwein, A. Surus, and P. D. Gluckman. "The induction of hepatic somatotrophic receptors after birth in sheep is dependent on parturition-associated mechanisms." Journal of Endocrinology 141, no. 1 (April 1994): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1410101.

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Abstract While the GH receptor (GHR) plays a key role during adult life, its role during fetal development is not well understood. Recent data suggest that GHRs are present in ovine fetal hepatic tissue at mid-gestation. However, the levels of GHR expression are markedly lower in fetal hepatic tissue in comparison with postnatal values. The present study investigates whether the neonatal induction of the hepatic GHR and plasma levels of IGF-I follow a pattern of strictly age-related development or whether birth-associated processes stimulate this increase. Stereotaxic electrolytic lesioning of

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Gertler, Arieh, Eva Biener, Krishnan V. Ramanujan, Jean Djiane, and Brian Herman. "Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy in living cells as a novel tool for the study of cytokine action." Journal of Dairy Research 72, S1 (July 28, 2005): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029905001123.

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Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy was used to study interactions between proteins in intact cells. We showed that growth hormone (GH) causes transient homodimerization of GH receptors tagged with yellow or cyan fluorescent proteins. The peak of FRET signaling occurred 2 to 4 min after hormonal stimulation and was followed by a decrease in FRET signal. Repeating those experiments in cells pretreated with the inhibitor of internalization methyl-β-cyclodextrin, or in potassium-depleted cells showed no difference in the kinetics of FRET signaling as compared with the non-tre

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Klempt, M., BH Breier, SH Min, DDS MacKenzie, SN McCutcheon, and PD Gluckman. "IGFBP-2 expression in liver and mammary tissue in lactating and pregnant ewes." Acta Endocrinologica 129, no. 5 (November 1993): 453–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1290453.

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Binding proteins for the insulin-like growth factors (IGFBPs) modulate the actions of IGF I and IGF II. IGFBP-2 is particularly high in plasma of pregnant and fetal animals and in milk. We investigated the peri-lactational control of IGFBP-2 expression and secretion. Fifteen singleton-bearing pregnant ewes at day 101 of gestation were injected sc twice daily for 8 days with bovine growth hormone (bGH) or ovine placental lactogen (oPL) both at 0.15 mg·kg−1·d−1 or saline. A further fifteen ewes at day 17 of lactation were injected sc twice daily for 5 days with bGH or oPL at 0.1 mg·kg−1·d−1 or s

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Colosi, Peter, Gudmundur Thordarson, Renate Hellmiss, Kuljeet Singh, Isabel A. Forsyth, Peter Gluckman, and William I. Wood. "Cloning and Expression of Ovine Placental Lactogen." Molecular Endocrinology 3, no. 9 (September 1989): 1462–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/mend-3-9-1462.

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Forsyth, IA, A. Hutchings, and GW Butcher. "A panel of monoclonal antibodies to ovine placental lactogen." Journal of Endocrinology 165, no. 2 (May 1, 2000): 435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1650435.

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A panel of 11 rat monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has been raised to ovine placental lactogen (PL). By competitive enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA), confirmed by two-site ELISA, the antibodies were shown to recognize six antigenic determinants on the ovine PL molecule, two of which overlap. One antigenic determinant (designated 1) was shared by other members of the prolactin/growth hormone (GH)/PL family in ruminants, humans and rodents. The binding of (125)I-labelled ovine PL to crude receptor preparations from sheep liver (somatotrophic) or rabbit mammary gland (lactogenic) was inhib

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Thordarson, G., G. H. McDowell, S. V. Smith, S. Iley, and I. A. Forsyth. "Effects of continuous intravenous infusion of an ovine placental extract enriched in placental lactogen on plasma hormones, metabolites and metabolite biokinetics in non-pregnant sheep." Journal of Endocrinology 113, no. 2 (May 1987): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1130277.

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ABSTRACT Continuous intravenous infusions of saline or of a placental extract containing ovine placental lactogen were given to three non-pregnant, non-lactating ewes over periods of 36 h, 1 week apart. During saline infusion no placental lactogen was detected in jugular vein plasma, but infusion of the placental extract raised the placental lactogen concentration from undetectable to 40-50 μg/l, similar to concentrations in ewes with one fetus on day 90 of pregnancy. By comparison with the saline control period, infusion of the placental extract consistently increased both plasma concentratio

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32

Fernández, M. Laura, Gisela D. Cymes, Lucrecia M. Curto, and Carlota Wolfenstein-Todel. "Ovine placental lactogen and ovine prolactin: partial proteolysis and conformational stability." International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology 32, no. 6 (June 2000): 597–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1357-2725(00)00012-1.

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33

Noel, Sekoni, Asael Herman, Greg A. Johnson, C. Allison Gray, M. David Stewart, Fuller W. Bazer, Arieh Gertler, and Thomas E. Spencer. "Ovine Placental Lactogen Specifically Binds to Endometrial Glands of the Ovine Uterus1." Biology of Reproduction 68, no. 3 (March 1, 2003): 772–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.102.009183.

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34

Chan, John S. D., Z. R. Nie, and S. C. Pang. "Cellular localization of ovine placental lactogen using monoclonal antibodies." Animal Reproduction Science 23, no. 1 (August 1990): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4320(90)90013-6.

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35

Cymes, Gisela D., M. Mercedes Iglesias, and Carlota Wolfenstein-Todel. "Selective modification of tryptophan-150 in ovine placental lactogen." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry 106, no. 3 (November 1993): 743–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-0491(93)90157-z.

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36

Yossefi, S., and E. Gootwine. "A PvuII RFLP at the ovine placental lactogen CSH1 locus." Animal Genetics 27, no. 4 (April 24, 2009): 285–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.1996.tb00493.x.

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37

CARIDAD, J. J., and C. WOLFENSTEIN-TODEL. "Selective reduction of the disulfide bonds of ovine placental lactogen." International Journal of Peptide and Protein Research 31, no. 1 (January 12, 2009): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3011.1988.tb00008.x.

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38

Liang, Rongti, Sean W. Limesand, and Russell V. Anthony. "Structure and transcriptional regulation of the ovine placental lactogen gene." European Journal of Biochemistry 265, no. 3 (December 25, 2001): 883–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00790.x.

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39

FREEMARK, MICHAEL, and STUART HANDWERGER. "The Glycogenic Effects of Placental Lactogen and Growth Hormone in Ovine Fetal Liver Are Mediated through Binding to Specific Fetal Ovine Placental Lactogen Receptors*." Endocrinology 118, no. 2 (February 1986): 613–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo-118-2-613.

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40

Christinger, Hans W., Patricia A. Elkins, Yael Sandowski, Edna Sakal, Arieh Gertler, Anthony A. Kossiakoff, and Abraham M. de Vos. "Crystallization of ovine placental lactogen in a 1:2 complex with the extracellular domain of the rat prolactin receptor." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 54, no. 6 (November 1, 1998): 1408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0907444998005794.

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Growth hormone and prolactin control somato-lactogenic biology. While high-resolution crystal structures have been determined for receptor complexes of human growth hormone, no such information exists for prolactin. A stable 1:2 complex was formed between ovine placental lactogen, a close prolactin homologue, and two copies of the extracellular portion of the rat prolactin receptor. Using synchrotron radiation, native data have been collected to 2.3 Å. Crystals contain one complex per asymmetric unit. The crystal structure of this complex will shed light on the structural reasons for cross-rea

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41

Schoknecht, P. A., W. B. Currie, and A. W. Bell. "Kinetics of placental lactogen in mid- and late-gestation ovine fetuses." Journal of Endocrinology 133, no. 1 (April 1992): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1330095.

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ABSTRACT Placental lactogen (PL) is found in fetal plasma throughout gestation, and PL receptors occur on many types of fetal cells. In this study, the entry rate of PL into the fetal circulation was estimated by injection of 125I-labelled ovine PL into two mid- and four late-gestation fetuses. At both ages, PL appears to be distributed into two body pools. One pool has a rapid half-life (approximately 9 min) and a volume of distribution approximately 8% of body weight, while the second pool has a longer half-life (approximately 45 min) and a distribution volume only 4% of body weight. The fir

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42

FREEMARK, MICHAEL, and STUART HANDWERGER. "Ovine Placental Lactogen Inhibits Glucagon-Induced Glycogenolysis in Fetal Rat Hepatocytes*." Endocrinology 116, no. 4 (April 1985): 1275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo-116-4-1275.

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43

Braun, Thorsten, Wenbin Meng, Hongkai Shang, Shaofu Li, Deborah Sloboda, Loreen Ehrlich, Huaisheng Xu, et al. "Early maternal dexamethasone administration and the effect on ovine placental lactogen." Placenta 34, no. 9 (September 2013): A92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2013.06.273.

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44

Warren, W. C., D. H. Keisler, and R. V. Anthony. "Synthesis and secretion of ovine placental lactogen and its biochemical properties." Domestic Animal Endocrinology 7, no. 3 (July 1990): 331–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0739-7240(90)90039-3.

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45

Spencer, Thomas E., Allison Gray, Greg A. Johnson, Kristin M. Taylor, Arieh Gertler, Elisha Gootwine, Troy L. Ott, and Fuller W. Bazer. "Effects of Recombinant Ovine Interferon Tau, Placental Lactogen, and Growth Hormone on the Ovine Uterus1." Biology of Reproduction 61, no. 6 (December 1, 1999): 1409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod61.6.1409.

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46

Freemark, M., M. Comer, T. Mularoni, A. J. D'Ercole, A. Grandis, and L. Kodack. "Placental lactogen receptors in maternal sheep liver: effects of fasting and refeeding." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 258, no. 2 (February 1, 1990): E338—E346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1990.258.2.e338.

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In a recent study we demonstrated that fasting of the pregnant ewe reduces the number of placental lactogen (PL) receptors in fetal sheep liver. In the present study we examined the effects of a 72-h fast on the number and affinity of PL receptors in maternal sheep liver. Fasting caused a 57% reduction in the number of hepatic ovine PL receptors; this effect was reversed by refeeding. There were no changes in the affinity of the PL receptor, the subunit structure of the receptor, or the extent of occupancy of the receptor by endogenous circulating maternal hormones. The number of hepatic PL re

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47

Battista, P. J., A. W. Bell, D. R. Deaver, and W. B. Currie. "Differential control of placental lactogen release and progesterone production by ovine placental tissue in vitro." Placenta 11, no. 4 (July 1990): 337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0143-4004(05)80225-5.

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48

Herman, Asael, Christophe Bignon, Nathalie Daniel, Jeanne Grosclaude, Arieh Gertler, and Jean Djiane. "Functional Heterodimerization of Prolactin and Growth Hormone Receptors by Ovine Placental Lactogen." Journal of Biological Chemistry 275, no. 9 (February 25, 2000): 6295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.275.9.6295.

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49

Sakal, E., C. Bignon, N. Chapnik-Cohen, N. Daniel, J. Paly, L. Belair, J. Djiane, and A. Gertler. "Cloning, preparation and characterization of biologically active recombinant caprine placental lactogen." Journal of Endocrinology 159, no. 3 (December 1, 1998): 509–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1590509.

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Caprine placental lactogen (cPL) cDNA was cloned by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR from total RNA of goat placenta. The PCR product encoding for the mature protein was gel purified, ligated to pGEM-T and finally subcloned into a pET8c prokaryotic expression vector. E. coli cells (BL-21) transformed with this vector overexpressed large amounts of cPL upon induction with Isopropyl-1-thio-beta-D-galactopyranoside. The expressed protein, found in the inclusion bodies, was refolded and purified to homogeneity on Q-Sepharose and SP-Sepharose columns, yielding two electrophoretically pure fractions (

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50

Jeckel, K. M., S. W. Limesand, and R. V. Anthony. "Specificity protein-1 and -3 trans-activate the ovine placental lactogen gene promoter." Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 307, no. 1-2 (August 2009): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2009.04.006.

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