Artículos de revistas: "Passive Q-switch"

1

Fedin, A. V., A. V. Rulev y T. T. Basiev. "Dynamic-cavity passive Q-switch Nd-glass laser". Technical Physics Letters 26, n.º 7 (julio de 2000): 576–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1262918.

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2

Chen, Junewen, Hon-Fai Yau, Hai-Pei Liu, Tzu-Chiang Chen, Chiao-Chia Cheng y Fa-Min Liu. "Passive Q-switch and mode-locking modulators for lasers". Optics & Laser Technology 32, n.º 4 (junio de 2000): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0030-3992(00)00029-3.

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3

Yong, Wan, Zhu Da-Yong, Zeng Qin-Yong, Zhang Zhi-Yong, Zhang Jing y Han Kai. "Brewster-oriented passive Q-switch intracavity optical parametric oscillator". Chinese Physics 14, n.º 4 (17 de marzo de 2005): 714–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1009-1963/14/4/013.

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4

Chen, Junewen y Jun-Nan Chen. "Five Simultaneously Q-Switch Mode-Locked Passive Laser Modulators". Optical Review 13, n.º 6 (noviembre de 2006): 427–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10043-006-0427-5.

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5

Borisov, Vasily Ivanovich, Elena Valeryevna Timoschenko y Yuri Vladimirovich Yurevich. "PULSE LASING DUE TO RESONANT FILM PASSIVE Q-SWITCH". Вестник Белорусско-Российского университета, n.º 3 (2014): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.53078/20778481_2014_3_96.

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6

Kuo, Yen‐Kuang, Yang Yang y Milton Birnbaum. "Cr4+:Gd3Sc2Ga3O12 passive Q‐switch for the Cr3+:LiCaAlF6 laser". Applied Physics Letters 64, n.º 18 (2 de mayo de 1994): 2329–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111630.

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7

Chaika, M. А., A. G. Doroshenko, S. V. Parkhomenko, E. G. Chernomorets, P. V. Mateichenko y R. P. Yavetskiy. "Synthesis of optical Me2+,Cr4+:YAG ceramics for passive Q-switch". Scientific research on refractories and technical ceramics 117 (11 de julio de 2017): 196–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.35857/2663-3566.117.19.

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The purpose of this work is determines of formation patterns of opti- cal ceramics Mg2+,Cr4+:YAG and Ca2+,Cr4+:YAG as model objects promising for use as a passive Q-switch. Optical ceramics Ca2+,Cr4+:YAG and Mg2+,Cr4+:YAG was synthesized by solid-phase reaction sintering in vacuum. The influence of calcium, magnesium and chromium ion concentrations on the structure and the optical properties of ceramics Mg2+,Cr4+:YAG have been investigated. The optimized chromium concentration 0.5 at. % allows to obtain Mg2+,Cr3+:YAG ceramics with optical transmission of about 81 % at λ = 1064 nm after vacuum sintering and the absorption coefficient of about 1.4 cm–1 after air annealing. The optimized calcium concentration 0.5 at. % allows to obtain Са2+,Cr3+:YAG ceramics with an optical transmission of about 80 % at λ = 1064 nm after vacuum sintering and the absorption coefficient of about 2.4 cm–1 after air annealing.

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8

Malyarevich, A. M., I. A. Denisov, K. V. Yumashev, V. P. Mikhailov, R. S. Conroy y B. D. Sinclair. "V:YAG - a new passive Q-switch for diode-pumped solid-state lasers". Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics 67, n.º 5 (1 de noviembre de 1998): 555–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003400050544.

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9

Wu, Yu Song, Jiang Li, Yu Bai Pan, Jing Kun Guo y Qian Liu. "Refine Yttria Powder and Fabrication of Transparent Yb,Cr:YAG Ceramics". Advanced Materials Research 15-17 (febrero de 2006): 246–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.15-17.246.

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Commercial Y2O3 powders were subjected to high energy ball milling in a planetary ball mill using high purity alumina balls and vial. The refined Y2O3 power ,with commercial high-purity Al2O3, Cr2O3 and Yb2O3 powders, were used as raw materials. Transparent ytterbium and chromium codoped yttrium aluminum garnet (Yb,Cr:YAG) ceramics were fabricated by a solid-state reaction method. The Yb,Cr:YAG ceramics exhibit a pore free structure and the average grain size is about 10 micron. The strong absorptions at 940 and 968 nm of Yb3+ are suitable for InGaAs diode laser pumping, and there is an absorption band at 1030 nm, which is suitable for passive Q-switch laser output at 1030 nm. Transparent Yb,Cr:YAG ceramics may be a potential material for compact, efficient, high-stability diode-laser-pumped passive Q-switched solid-state lasers.

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10

Ma, Mengyuan, Wen Wen, Yao Zhang, Chenxi Dou, Junli Wang, Liming Xie, Ching-Hwa Ho y Zhiyi Wei. "Few-layer ReS2(1−x)Se2x nanoflakes for noise-like pulse generation in a mode-locked ytterbium-doped fiber laser". Journal of Materials Chemistry C 7, n.º 23 (2019): 6900–6904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc00625g.

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We investigated the ternary ReS_2(1−x)Se_2x alloys and fabricated few-layer ReS_1.02Se_0.98 nanoflakes to realize passive Q-switch and noise-like pulses operating at 1 μm wavelength.

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11

Koromyslov, A. L., I. M. Tupitsyn y E. A. Cheshev. "Dual-wavelength Q-switched laser based on a lens-shaped Nd : YAG active element and a Cr4+ : YAG passive Q-switch". Quantum Electronics 49, n.º 2 (14 de febrero de 2019): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qel16816.

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12

Yumashev, K. V., I. A. Denisov, N. N. Posnov, N. V. Kuleshov y R. Moncorge. "Excited state absorption and passive Q-switch performance of Co2+ doped oxide crystals". Journal of Alloys and Compounds 341, n.º 1-2 (julio de 2002): 366–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388(02)00039-7.

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13

Liu, Qiang, Haisheng Wu, Mali Gong, Ping Yan, Bin Shi y Dongsheng Wang. "GaAs as a passive Q-switch and Brewster plate for pulsed Yb:YAG laser". Optics Communications 222, n.º 1-6 (julio de 2003): 355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0030-4018(03)01541-4.

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14

Zhang, B. T., J. L. He, H. T. Huang, C. H. Zuo, K. J. Yang, X. L. Dong, J. L. Xu y S. Zhao. "Passive Q-switch mode-locking of 1.34μm Nd:GdVO4lasers with Co2+:LMA saturable absorber". Laser Physics Letters 6, n.º 1 (enero de 2009): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lapl.200810088.

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15

Stultz, Robert D., Marly B. Camargo y Milton Birnbaum. "Passive Q‐switch at 1.53 μm using divalent uranium ions in calcium fluoride". Journal of Applied Physics 78, n.º 5 (septiembre de 1995): 2959–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360042.

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16

Parlak, Mehmet y James F. Buckwalter. "A Passive I/Q Millimeter-Wave Mixer and Switch in 45-nm CMOS SOI". IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 61, n.º 3 (marzo de 2013): 1131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2013.2238247.

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17

Bezrodnyi, V. I. y A. A. Ishchenko. "High-energy single pulse and multi-spike operation with a passive polymer Q-switch". Optics & Laser Technology 34, n.º 1 (febrero de 2002): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0030-3992(01)00080-9.

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18

Dascalu, T., G. Philipps y H. Weber. "Investigation of a Cr4+: YAG passive Q-switch in CW pumped Nd: YAG lasers". Optics & Laser Technology 29, n.º 3 (abril de 1997): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0030-3992(96)00064-3.

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19

Voronov, A. A., V. I. Kozlovskii, Yu V. Korostelin, A. I. Landman, Yu P. Podmarkov, V. G. Polushkin, Tale Ilkham-Ogly Ragimov, Ya K. Skasyrskii, M. Yu Filipchuk y M. P. Frolov. "Passive Q-switching of the diode-pumped Er:YAG laser cavity with the Q-switch based on the Fe2+:ZnSe crystal". Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute 37, n.º 6 (junio de 2010): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068335610060035.

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20

Jinzhang Wang, Zhengqian Luo, Min Zhou, Chenchun Ye, Hongyan Fu, Zhiping Cai, Huihui Cheng, Huiying Xu y Wei Qi. "Evanescent-Light Deposition of Graphene Onto Tapered Fibers for Passive Q-Switch and Mode-Locker". IEEE Photonics Journal 4, n.º 5 (octubre de 2012): 1295–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jphot.2012.2208736.

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21

Li, Linjun, Xining Yang, Long Zhou, Wenqiang Xie, Yunlong Wang, Yingjie Shen, Yuqiang Yang et al. "Active/passive Q-switching operation of 2 μm Tm,Ho:YAP laser with an acousto-optical Q-switch/MoS2 saturable absorber mirror". Photonics Research 6, n.º 6 (23 de mayo de 2018): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/prj.6.000614.

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22

Huang, J. Y., H. C. Liang, K. W. Su y Y. F. Chen. "Analytical model for optimizing the parameters of an external passive Q-switch in a fiber laser". Applied Optics 47, n.º 13 (28 de abril de 2008): 2297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.47.002297.

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23

He, Jing-liang, Wei Hou, Heng-li Zhang, Ling-an Wu, Zu-yan Xu, Guo-zhen Yang, Pei-zhen Deng, Jun Xu y Jing-wen Qiao. "Cr 4+ :YAG as a Passive Q-Switch in a Diode-Pumped cw Nd:YVO 4 Laser". Chinese Physics Letters 15, n.º 12 (1 de diciembre de 1998): 883–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/15/12/009.

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24

Shimony, Y., Z. Burshtein y Y. Kalisky. "Cr/sup 4+/:YAG as passive Q-switch and Brewster plate in a pulsed Nd:YAG laser". IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 31, n.º 10 (1995): 1738–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3.466043.

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25

Dymshits, Olga, Alexander Shashkin, Alexander A. Zhilin, Yury Volk, Alexander Malyarevich y Konstantin Yumashev. "Formation and Passive Q-Switch Performance of Glass-Ceramics Containing Co²⁺-Doped Spinel Nanocrystals". Advanced Materials Research 39-40 (abril de 2008): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.39-40.219.

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Compositions and heat treatment conditions were determined at which absorption and luminescence properties of aluminosilicate transparent glass-ceramics are defined mainly by tetrahedrally coordinated Co2+ ions located in spinel nanocrystals. Optical properties of cobaltdoped aluminosilicate transparent glass-ceramics have been studied in visible – near infrared (IR) spectral range. It was demonstrated that the concentration of tetrahedrally coordinated Co2+ ions in the spinel nanocrystals is determined by the CoO content in the initial glass and is independent of the heat-treatment schedule. Absorption saturation and bleaching relaxation under excitation of the 4A2→4T1(4F) transition of tetrahedrally coordinated Co2+ ions were studied. The value of groundstate and excited state absorption cross-sections of tetrahedrally coordinated Co2+ ions was estimated. Comparative study of output pulse parameters of Q-switched Er:glass laser using cobaltdoped glass-ceramics and Co2+:MgAl2O4 single crystal is presented.

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26

Kuo, Yen‐Kuang, Yang Yang y Milton Birnbaum. "Erratum: ‘‘Cr4+: Gd3Sc2Ga3O12 passive Q‐switch for the Cr3+: LiCaAlF6 laser [Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 2329 (1994)]". Applied Physics Letters 65, n.º 18 (31 de octubre de 1994): 2365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.113097.

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27

Basiev, T. T., A. V. Gavrilov, V. A. Konyushkin, S. N. Smetanin y A. V. Fedin. "A YAG:Nd laser with a Sagnac interferometer and a passive laser Q-switch on Lif:F 2 − crystal". Doklady Physics 46, n.º 2 (febrero de 2001): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1355379.

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28

Denisov, I. A., M. I. Demchuk, N. V. Kuleshov y K. V. Yumashev. "Co2+:LiGa5O8 saturable absorber passive Q switch for 1.34 μm Nd3+:YAlO3 and 1.54 μm Er3+:glass lasers". Applied Physics Letters 77, n.º 16 (16 de octubre de 2000): 2455–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1319179.

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29

Periyanayagam, Madasamy, Suresh Kumar V, Bharatiraja Chokkalingam, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Lucian Mihet-Popa y Yusuff Adedayo. "A Modified High Voltage Gain Quasi-Impedance Source Coupled Inductor Multilevel Inverter for Photovoltaic Application". Energies 13, n.º 4 (17 de febrero de 2020): 874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13040874.

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The quasi-impedance source inverters/quasi-Z source inverters (Q-ZSIs) have shown improvement to overwhelmed shortcomings of regular voltage-source inverters (VSIs) and current-source inverters (CSIs) in terms of efficiency and buck-boost type operations. The Q-ZSIs encapsulated several significant merits against conventional ZSIs, i.e., realized buck/boost, inversion and power conditioning in a single power stage with improved reliability. The conventional inverters have two major problems; voltage harmonics and boosting capability, which make it impossible to prefer for renewable generation and general-purpose applications such as drive acceleration. This work has proposed a Q-ZSI with five-level six switches coupled inverter. The proposed Q-ZSI has the merits of operation, reduced passive components, higher voltage boosting capability and high efficiency. The modified space vector pulse width modulation (PWM) developed to achieve the desired control on the impedance network and inverter switching states. The proposed PWM integrates the boosting and regular inverter switching state within one sampling period. The PWM has merits such as reduction of coupled inductor size, total harmonic reduction with enhancing of the fundamental voltage profile. In comparison with other multilevel inverters (MLI), it utilizes only half of the power switch and a lower modulation index to attain higher voltage gain. The proposed inverter dealt with photovoltaic (PV) system for the stand-alone load. The proposed boost inverter topology, operating performance and control algorithm is theoretically investigated and validated through MATLAB/Simulink software and experimental upshots. The proposed topology is an attractive solution for the stand-alone and grid-connected system.

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30

Batura, E. O., Yu K. Bobretsova, M. V. Bogdanovich, D. A. Veselov, A. V. Grigor'ev, V. N. Dudikov, A. M. Kot et al. "Lasing dynamics of diode-pumped Yb – Er laser with a passive Q switch exposed to high-power external light". Quantum Electronics 50, n.º 9 (2 de septiembre de 2020): 822–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qel17274.

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31

Safaei, R., I. S. Amiri, M. Rezayi y H. Ahmad. "A stable dual-wavelength Q-switch using a compact passive device containing photonics crystal fiber embedded with carbon platinum". Laser Physics 28, n.º 1 (13 de diciembre de 2017): 016201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1555-6611/aa8e7a.

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32

Basiev, T. T., A. V. Gavrilov, S. N. Smetanin y A. V. Fedin. "The phase locking control of the multichannel holographic neodymium laser system with the help of a passive Q-switch". Doklady Physics 55, n.º 1 (enero de 2010): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1028335810010039.

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33

(Salamu), Gabriela y Nicolaie Pavel. "Passive Q-Switching by Cr4+:YAG Saturable Absorber of Buried Depressed-Cladding Waveguides Obtained in Nd-Doped Media by Femtosecond Laser Beam Writing". Materials 11, n.º 9 (12 de septiembre de 2018): 1689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11091689.

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We report on laser performances obtained in Q-switch mode operation from buried depressed-cladding waveguides of circular shape (100 μm diameter) that were inscribed in Nd:YAG and Nd:YVO4 media by direct writing with a femtosecond laser beam. The Q-switch operation was realized with a Cr4+:YAG saturable absorber, aiming to obtain laser pulses of moderate (few μJ) energy at high (tens to hundreds kHz) repetition rate. An average power of 0.52 W at 1.06 μm consisting of a train of pulses of 7.79 μJ energy at 67 kHz repetition rate, was obtained from a waveguide realized in a 4.8 mm long, 1.1-at % Nd:YAG ceramics; the pulse peak power reached 1.95 kW. A similar waveguide that was inscribed in a 3.4 mm long, 1.0-at % Nd:YVO4 crystal yielded laser pulses with 9.4 μJ energy at 83 kHz repetition rate (at 0.77 W average power) and 1.36 kW peak power. The laser performances obtained in continuous-wave operation were discussed for each waveguide used in the experiments. Thus, a continuous-wave output power of 1.45 W was obtained from the circular buried depressed-cladding waveguide inscribed in the 1.1-at %, 4.8 mm long Nd:YAG; the overall optical-to-optical efficiency, with respect to the absorbed pump power, was 0.21. The waveguide inscribed in the 1.0-at %, 3.4 mm long Nd:YVO4 crystal yielded 1.85 W power at 0.26 overall optical efficiency. This work shows the possibility to build compact laser systems with average-to-high peak power pulses based on waveguides realized by a femtosecond (fs) laser beam direct writing technique and that are pumped by a fiber-coupled diode laser.

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34

Saiki, Taku, Shinji Motokoshi, Kazuo Imasaki, Kana Fujioka, Hidetugu Yoshida, Hisanori Fujita, Masahiro Nakatsuka y Chiyoe Yamanaka. "Nd3+- and Cr3+-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Ceramic Pulse Laser Using Cr4+-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Crystal Passive Q-Switch". Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 48, n.º 12 (21 de diciembre de 2009): 122501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.48.122501.

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35

Yang, Xiaotao, Tianxu Qiao, Tianwen Gao, Ao Guo, Ziyin Jiang, Fengjun Tian, Yanlong Mu et al. "34.7 W passive peak power Q-switch Ho:Sc2SiO5 laser operating at 2 μm with a few-layer molybdenum disulfide saturable absorber". Optik 226 (enero de 2021): 165486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2020.165486.

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36

Basiev, Tasoltan T., A. V. Gavrilov, Sergei N. Smetanin y Aleksandr V. Fedin. "Control of phase locking in a set of lasers with self-pumped phase-conjugate gain-grating mirrors using a passive Q-switch". Quantum Electronics 41, n.º 3 (31 de marzo de 2011): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qe2011v041n03abeh014490.

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37

Eichler, H. J., A. Haase, M. R. Kokta y R. Menzel. "Cr4+:YAG as passive Q-switch for a Nd:YALO oscillator with an average repetition rate of 2.7 kHz, TEM00 mode and 13 W output". Applied Physics B Lasers and Optics 58, n.º 5 (mayo de 1994): 409–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01081882.

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38

Croitoru (Salamu), Gabriela, Florin Jipa y Nicolaie Pavel. "Passive Q-switch laser operation of circular, buried depressed-cladding waveguides realized by direct fs-laser beam writing in Nd:YAG/Cr^4+:YAG composite media". Optical Materials Express 7, n.º 7 (20 de junio de 2017): 2496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ome.7.002496.

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39

Belovolov, M. I. y A. F. Shatalov. "Measurement of the radiative lifetime of the upper laser level of the active element of the solid-state laser with passive Q-switch in the cavity". Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute 35, n.º 11 (noviembre de 2008): 336–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068335608110031.

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40

Cuevas, J., A. A. Harper, C. Trequattrini y D. J. Adams. "Passive and Active Membrane Properties of Isolated Rat Intracardiac Neurons: Regulation by H- and M-Currents". Journal of Neurophysiology 78, n.º 4 (1 de octubre de 1997): 1890–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1997.78.4.1890.

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Cuevas, J., A. A. Harper, C. Trequattrini, and D. J. Adams. Passive and active membrane properties of isolated rat intracardiac neurons: regulation by H- and M-currents. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 1890–1902, 1997. The electrical characteristics of isolated neonatal rat intracardiac neurons were examined at 22 and 37°C using the perforated-patch whole cell recording technique. The mean resting membrane potential was −52.0 mV at 37°C and exhibited no temperature dependence. Lowering the temperature from 37 to 22°C decreased the mean input resistance from 854 to 345 MΩ, respectively, and reduced the membrane time constant approximately threefold yielding a Q 10 of 2.1. Hyperpolarizing current pulses induced time-dependent rectification of the voltage response in all neurons at both temperatures. This behavior was previously not observed in dialyzed neurons and was reversibly blocked by external Cs+ (2 mM) but not Ba2+ (1 mM). Voltage-clamp studies of isolated neurons revealed a hyperpolarization-activated inward current. This inwardly rectifying conductance was isolated from other membrane currents using external Cs+. The time and voltage dependence of this current is consistent with I h and contributes to the passive electrical properties of rat intracardiac neurons. In >90% of the neurons studied, depolarizing currents evoked firing of multiple, adapting, action potentials at 22°C. The number of action potentials increased with current strength producing a mean discharge of 5.1 (+100 pA, 1 s pulse), which was attenuated at 37°C to a mean of 1.4. The amplitude and kinetics of the slow, muscarine-sensitive inward and outward currents ( I M) were highly temperature dependent. Lowering the temperature from 37 to 22°C reduced the steady-state current amplitude by approximately one-third and the rate of deactivation of I M by six- to ninefold at all voltages examined. The average Q 10 for the time constant of deactivation of I M was 3.7 ± 0.3 (mean ± SE). Acetylcholine (ACh) induced tonic discharges in response to depolarizing currents (+100 pA, 1 s pulse) at both temperatures. This effect of ACh was inhibited by the muscarinic receptor antagonists, pirenzepine (100 nM), and mL-toxin (60 nM). At 37°C, a mean discharge of 1.5 was increased to 23.5 in the presence of ACh. A similar switch from phasic to tonic discharge was also produced by the potassium channel inhibitors, Ba2+ (1 mM) and uridine-5′-triphosphate (UTP; 100 μM), whereas cadmium, 4-aminopyridine, apamin, charybdotoxin, and dendrotoxin did not alter discharge activity. The pharmacological sensitivity profile and temperature dependence of the active membrane properties are consistent with the muscarine-sensitive potassium current ( I M) regulating the discharge activity in rat intracardiac neurons.

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41

Skripko, G. A. y I. G. Tarazevich. "Chromium-activated forsterite crystal as the passive Q switch in the cavity of an Nd:YAG laser and as the active medium in an Nd:YAG—Cr:forsterite laser system". Quantum Electronics 26, n.º 3 (31 de marzo de 1996): 196–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qe1996v026n03abeh000625.

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42

Che Mat, Fauziah, Moh Yasin, Anas Abdul Latiff y Sulaiman Wadi Harun. "Graphene Oxide Film as Passive Q-switcher in Erbium-doped Fiber Laser Cavity". Photonics Letters of Poland 9, n.º 3 (30 de septiembre de 2017): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v9i3.755.

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All-fiber passively Q-switched fiber lasers have been demonstrated by using graphene oxide (GO) Q-switcher for possible applications in telecommunication, laser processing, fiber sensing and medical community. The GO material was obtained through a modified Hummers method from expanded acid washed graphite flakes and it was embedded into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film to form a saturable absorber (SA) device. The Q-switched pulse operates at 1563.3 nm with a repetition rate that can be tuned from 44.33 kHz to 61.77 kHz as the pump power changes from 39 mW to 96 mW. The highest repetition rate of 61.77 kHz is achieved at a pump power of 96 mW and it is observed that the Q-switched pulse produced maximum pulse energy of 0.054 nJ and pulse width of 5.57 ?s at 96 mW pump power. Full Text: PDF ReferencesJ. Zayhowski and C. Dill, "Coupled-cavity electro-optically Q-switched Nd:YVO4 microchip lasers", Optics letters 20, 716 (1995). CrossRef C.-x. Gao, W. Zhao, Y.-s. Wang, S.-l. Zhu, G.-f. Chen, and Y.-g. Wang, "Passive Q-switched fiber laser with SESAM in ytterbium-doped double-clad fiber", 27th International congress on High-Speed Photography and Photonics, 62794G (2007). CrossRef M. Ahmed, N. Ali, Z. Salleh, A. Rahman, S. Harun, M. Manaf, "Q-switched erbium doped fiber laser based on single and multiple walled carbon nanotubes embedded in polyethylene oxide film as saturable absorber", Optics & Laser Technology 65, 25 (2015). CrossRef S. Harun, M. Ismail, F. Ahmad, M. Ismail, R. Nor, N. Zulkepely, et al., "A Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser with a carbon nanotube based saturable absorber", Chinese Physics Letters 29, 114202 (2012). CrossRef A. Martinez and Z. Sun, "Nanotube and graphene saturable absorbers for fibre lasers", Nat Photon 7, 842 (2013). CrossRef J. Boguslawski, J. Sotor, G. Sobon, R. Kozinski, K. Librant, M. Aksienionek, et al., "Graphene oxide paper as a saturable absorber for Er- and Tm-doped fiber lasers", Photonics Research 3, 119 (2015). CrossRef H. Ahmad, F. D. Muhammad, M. Z. Zulkifli, and S. W. Harun, "Q-switched pulse generation from an all-f iber distributed Bragg reflector laser using graphene as saturable absorber", Chinese Optics Letters 11, 071401 (2013). CrossRef

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Xia Yin, Xia Yin, Junqing Meng Junqing Meng, Jifeng Zu Jifeng Zu y Weibiao Chen Weibiao Chen. "Semiconductor saturable-absorber mirror passively Q-switched Yb:YAG microchip laser". Chinese Optics Letters 11, n.º 8 (2013): 081402–81404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201311.081402.

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44

Yongjing Wu, Yongjing Wu, Siyuan Pang Siyuan Pang, Yuqian Zu Yuqian Zu, Qianqian Peng Qianqian Peng, Jimin Yang Jimin Yang, Jie Liu Jie Liu y Liangbi Su Liangbi Su. "Silver nanorods absorber for passively Q-switched Nd,Gd:CaF2 laser". Chinese Optics Letters 16, n.º 2 (2018): 020015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201816.020015.

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45

Jasni, Nur Afiqah Husna, Siti Nur Fatin Zuikafly, Hafizal Yahaya, Mundzir Abdullah y Fauzan Ahmad. "Graphene-Silver Based Passive Q-Switcher". Journal of Advanced Research in Materials Science 76, n.º 1 (18 de enero de 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arms.76.1.19.

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Pulsed fiber laser has gain massive attention among researchers. As one of the recognized methods in generating pulsed lasers, passive Q-switching technique in 1.5 micrometer region was used in this work. A graphene-silver composite (Gr-Ag) was integrated as the saturable absorber (SA) in this work. For ease of integration, a free-standing SA film was fabricated by using chitin as the host polymer. The pulsed fiber laser was generated within the input pump power of 135.7 mW to 181.5 mW. Distinct trends of repetition rate and pulse width was observed where the former shows an increasing trend and vice versa for the latter. At 181.5 mW, pulsed laser with repetition rate and pulse width at 59.97 kHz and 2.74 µs, respectively were recorded while the pulse energy and instantaneous peak power were at 5.64 nJ and 1.93 mW, respectively. The findings from this work have shown Gr-Ag SA as a suitable candidate in Q-switched pulsed laser generation.

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46

Wei Zhou, Wei Zhou, Yonggang Wang Yonggang Wang, Xiaohui Li Xiaohui Li, Jingyu Long Jingyu Long, Deyuan Shen Deyuan Shen y Yishan Wang Yishan Wang. "Passively Q-switched Tm-doped f iber lasers with carbon nanotubes". Chinese Optics Letters 10, s2 (2012): S21411–321413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201210.s21411.

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47

Mengli Liu, Mengli Liu, Wenjun Liu Wenjun Liu, Peiguang Yan Peiguang Yan, Shaobo Fang Shaobo Fang, Hao Teng Hao Teng y Zhiyi Wei Zhiyi Wei. "High-power MoTe2-based passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser". Chinese Optics Letters 16, n.º 2 (2018): 020007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201816.020007.

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48

Zuikafly, S. N. F., W. M. F. Wan Nawawi, L. H. Ngee, H. Yahaya, W. J. Yahya y F. Ahmad. "Graphene in chitin based passive Q-switcher". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1371 (noviembre de 2019): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1371/1/012011.

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49

Jian Ma, Jian Ma, Ying Cheng Ying Cheng, Jun Dong Jun Dong y Yingying Ren Yingying Ren. "Passively Q-switched Yb:YAG ceramic laser with Cr4+:YAG as saturable absorber". Chinese Optics Letters 10, s1 (2012): S11407–311409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201210.s11407.

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Xiao Zou, Xiao Zou, Yuxin Leng Yuxin Leng, Yanyan Li Yanyan Li, Yanyan Feng Yanyan Feng, Peixiong Zhang Peixiong Zhang, Yin Hang Yin Hang y Jun Wang Jun Wang. "Passively Q-switched mode-locked Tm:LLF laser with a MoS2 saturable absorber". Chinese Optics Letters 13, n.º 8 (2015): 081405–81408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201513.081405.

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