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Brady, David, Richard Brody y David Epstein. "Heterogeneous Parties and Political Organization: The U. S. Senate, 1880-1920". Legislative Studies Quarterly 14, n.º 2 (mayo de 1989): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/439757.
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Martin, Patricia Yancey, Gary L. Bowen y Dennis K. Orthner. "The Organization Family: Work and Family Linkages in the U. S. Military". Journal of Marriage and the Family 52, n.º 2 (mayo de 1990): 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/353053.
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Žažar, Krešimir. "Cooperatives in Croatia - Inefficient, Undesirable or Unrecognized Type of Organization?" Socijalna ekologija 29, n.º 3 (2020): 363–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17234/socekol.29.3.2.
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Nakon inicijalnih određivanja pojma, kratkog retrospektivnog ukazivanja na historijsku važnost zadruga u globalnim i u okvirima hrvatskog društva, odnosno navođenja pojedinih numeričkih pokazatelja koji indiciraju iznimnu relevantnost zadružnih organizacija u pojedinim, napose zapadnoeuropski zemljama, ali istovremeno ukazuju na blijedi značaj zadruga u Hrvatskoj danas. Središnji segment članka donosi nalaze jedne etape empirijskog istraživanja provedenog u finalnoj sekvenci 2018. kao dio radne aktivnosti u sklopu projekta „Uloga jedinica lokalne i područne (regionalne) samouprave u razvoju zadrugarstva“. Riječ je o kvalitativnom istraživanju, usidrenom na metodi polustrukturiranog intervjua, realiziranog na neprobabilističkom namjernom uzorku (N=11) koji je uključivao sugovornike različitih profila (reprezentanata zadruga, predstavnika jedinica regionalne i lokalne samouprave, djelatnika razvojnih agencija i sl.) u Međimurskoj županiji, kao primjeru razvijene mikro regije, odnosno u Sisačko-moslavačkoj županiji, primjeru slabije razvijene sredine u Hrvatskoj. Namjera je istraživanja bila ispitati u kojoj se mjeri zadruge pojavljuju kao relevantni dionik društvenog razvoja na regionalnom / lokalnom nivou, dijagnosticirati odrednice društvenog okruženja (eksterne faktore) koje imaju pozitivne odnosno negativne učinke na poslovanje zadruga, ali detektirati i intra-organizacijske čimbenike (interne faktore) koji djeluju na gospodarske, socijalne, odnosno opće performanse zadruga. Krucijalni nalazi ukazuju da se kao prepreka uspješnijem djelovanju zadruga pojavljuju određeni strukturni čimbenici kao što su nedostatno jasan i učestalo promjenjiv regulativni okvir, neinformiranost poslovnih subjekata o potencijalima zadružnog organiziranja, neprepoznavanje zadruga kao distinktivnog organizacijskog oblika, izostanak sistematizirane potpore radu zadruga, ali i određeni sociokulturni čimbenici poput stanovitog skepticizma samih članova/ica zadruga spram sudjelovanja u zadružnoj organizaciji. Potonje ukazuje na deficit društvenoga kapitala što se može vezivati uz značajke dominantne kulturne matrice obilježene stanovitim zazorom spram zadrugarstva kao negativne ostavštine socijalizma, premda se pri referiranju na socijalističko nasljeđe u pravilu iz vida gubi da tradicija zadrugarstva u Hrvatskoj u historijskom smislu ima znatno dublje korijenje. Poredbena crtica dvaju uspoređivanih slučajeva indicira da nisu prisutne suštinske razlike u načinu funkcioniranja zadruga u razmatranim županijama. Naposljetku se naznačuju određene grube konture smjernica u kojem bi pravcu valjalo djelovati s ciljem unapređenja zadrugarstva u Hrvatskoj.
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Weatherford, M. Stephen. "The international economy as a constraint on U. S. macroeconomic policymaking". International Organization 42, n.º 4 (1988): 605–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818300033993.
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International economic factors increasingly influence American trade and exchange policy, and interdependence also circumscribes the autonomous choice of domestic policies. But the growing concern of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) policymakers over the potential for macroeconomic policy coordination to enhance national as well as world welfare implies that international economic relations present opportunities rather than constraints under some circumstances. This suggests that understanding domestic economic policy choice within its international context involves not only how policy choices are made within the bounds of international constraints, but also when countries might cooperate to modify the constraints themselves. This research looks to four important historical cases for information on these questions: the first three are the series of cumulating crises in the international monetary system during the 1960s and early 1970s, the fourth is the energy supply shock of 1973 and the recession that followed. The article describes the process of policy selection in each of these cases, contrasting domestic versus international premises for policy choice. The economics literature has emphasized the magnitude of domestic welfare gains available from coordinated national economic policies. Although the cases considered here do not contradict the importance of payoffs, they underline the corresponding role of political, economic, and strategic uncertainty in conditioning elites' policy choices.
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Steinberg, Gero, Martin Schuster, Ulrike Theisen, Sreedhar Kilaru, Andrew Forge y Magdalena Martin-Urdiroz. "Motor-driven motility of fungal nuclear pores organizes chromosomes and fosters nucleocytoplasmic transport". Journal of Cell Biology 198, n.º 3 (30 de julio de 2012): 343–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201201087.
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Exchange between the nucleus and the cytoplasm is controlled by nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). In animals, NPCs are anchored by the nuclear lamina, which ensures their even distribution and proper organization of chromosomes. Fungi do not possess a lamina and how they arrange their chromosomes and NPCs is unknown. Here, we show that motor-driven motility of NPCs organizes the fungal nucleus. In Ustilago maydis, Aspergillus nidulans, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae fluorescently labeled NPCs showed ATP-dependent movements at ∼1.0 µm/s. In S. cerevisiae and U. maydis, NPC motility prevented NPCs from clustering. In budding yeast, NPC motility required F-actin, whereas in U. maydis, microtubules, kinesin-1, and dynein drove pore movements. In the latter, pore clustering resulted in chromatin organization defects and led to a significant reduction in both import and export of GFP reporter proteins. This suggests that fungi constantly rearrange their NPCs and corresponding chromosomes to ensure efficient nuclear transport and thereby overcome the need for a structural lamina.
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Mira, Hamed Ibrahim, Hussein Kamal Hussein, Sameh Zakaria Tawfik y Neveen Salah Abed. "Stream Sediments Geochemical Exploration in Wadi El Reddah area, Northeastern Desert, Egypt". Mediterranean Journal of Chemistry 10, n.º 8 (2 de noviembre de 2020): 809. http://dx.doi.org/10.13171/mjc10802011021539st.
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<p>Wadi El Reddah representing a semi-closed basin, extends in the N-S direction. It has only one outlet at the northern tip while the wadi collects floodwater from internal tributaries along wall rocks. The present study discusses the relationship between geology and geochemistry data to detect anomalous radioactive locations. The geochemical maps show the mineralization areas with abnormal rare metal contents. This led to two uranium occurrences (GXXIII and GXXIV) at Gabal Gattar in the perthitic leucogranite. At Wadi El Reddah, high contents of pathfinder elements (REE, Y, Zn, Nb and As) were discovered at the southern and eastern boundaries. This may be attributed to the presence of alkali feldspar granite at Gabal Gattar at the upstream of Wadi El Reddah and also to the sharp contact between Gabal Gattar and Hammamat Sedimentary rocks. A strong positive correlation coefficient between Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sup>t</sup> and or Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> with Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, REE, U, Rb, and Th reflects their association with thematization processes.</p>
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Lane, Michael Franklin. "Four probable terms in Mycenaean Greek pertaining to water management, some possible references, and broader implications". Kadmos 55, n.º 1-2 (24 de mayo de 2016): 83–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kadmos-2016-0006.
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Abstract 1. Given the latest archaeological evidence, one should expect terms pertaining to water management and hydraulic engineering in the Linear B corpus. Identification of such terms will aid in current and future interpretations. 2. Archaeological context. 3. Four terms: (1) a-de-te /*arde(s)tḗr/ ‘irrigator’; (2) e-re-e-u /heleheu̯s/ ‘he pertaining to marshland’ (probably land improvement functionary in reciprocal management relationship with e-sa-re-u); (3) *po-te-re-u /*bothreu̯s/ (/*phothreus/?) ‘he pertaining to trenches’; (4) *u-do-no-o /(h)udr̥nohos/ ‘water-channeler’ (< IE *nei̯H-/*noi̯H- ‘channeling, directing, diverting, driving’, etc.). 4. Some possibilities: ko-ku-ro, pe-re-wa-ta, e-ko-me-no, and za-e-to-ro. 5. Discussion: water management and organization of labor recorded in the Linear B texts. 6. Conclusions.
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Brnabić, Ratko. "Ovlasti nadzornog odbora u svezi s nadzorom uprave sportskog dioničkog društva". Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Splitu 56, n.º 2 (14 de mayo de 2019): 377–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31141/zrpfs.2019.56.132.377.
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The Supervisory Board of the Sports Joint stock Companies acts as the representative organ of the shareholders between the General Meeting and the Executive Board: the General Meeting elects (or privileged person/shareholder simply names) the members of the Supervisory Board, and the Supervisory Board appoints the members of the Management. From this point of view, one could see the General Meeting as the supreme body of the company. But the Supervisory Board, in the carefully balanced interaction of the three bodies, known as a system of "checks and balances", also has considerable independence from the General Meeting. According to the organizational organization of the Joint stock Companies, the general meeting is not superior towards the two other organs. In particular, the Supervisory Board and its members are not subjects to any instructions from the General Meeting. Neither the election of a member of the Supervisory Board by the General Meeting nor the appointment of a Supervisory Board member by a shareholder (entitled to name his representative) constitutes an imperative mandate for those members. On the other hand, the option of dismissal, which is legally available at all times, as a rule ensures that the Supervisory Board members will not act against the wishes of the General Meeting. Management measures cannot be delegated to the Supervisory Board. However, it must be determined by the Articles of Association or by resolution of the Supervisory Board that certain types of transactions may only be carried out with the approval of the Supervisory Board. By this right, the Supervisory Board will not become an executive body, equal with the Management Board, even in the case of transactions requiring approval: it can neither undertake the transactions in question itself, nor can it instruct the Executive Board to carry them out. The initiative remains with the Executive Board, which, even with the approval of the Supervisory Board, can still refrain from carrying out the business if it no longer considers it to be sensible and/or reasonable. The Management also remains fully responsible for the business with regard to liability; the approval by the Supervisory Board does not exempt them from an obligation to pay compensation for damages incurred. The Supervisory Board thus has the opportunity, by refusing its consent, to prevent the conduct of business intended by the Management Board.
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Moore, R. J. y V. Krishnapillai. "Transcriptional organization of the Tra2 region controlling conjugational transfer of the narrow host rangePseudomonas aeruginosaplasmid R91–5". Genetical Research 45, n.º 2 (abril de 1985): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300022059.
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SummaryThe transcriptional organization of the Tra2 region controlling conjugation by the narrow host range plasmid R91–5 ofPseudomonas aeruginosahas been determined. This region of 15·2 kilobase pairs of DNA encodes ten cistrons and specifies the synthesis and functionality of sex pili. The order of the cistrons was previously shown to betraW, (S, Z),U, (V, R),Q, T, Y, X(those within parentheses could not be ordered with respect to each other). The organization was determined by complementation tests for the restoration of plasmid transfer between transposon Tn7or Tn501induced insertion mutants and point mutants representative of the ten cistrons. Polarity mutations induced by Tn7permitted the identification of three operons. CistronstraW, Z, S, U, V, RandQformed a large operon with transcription postulated to be in that order. The second consisted oftra Tandtra Yalso in that order and the third consisted of only one cistron,traX. Polarity was not observed with Tn501insertions as they still permitted full expression of cistrons distal to the site of insertion with respect to the proposed promoter. Despite the unexpected behaviour of this transposon it nevertheless led to the identification of two previously unidentified cistrons,traOandtraPbeing betweentraZandSandtraRandV, respectively.
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Gaffney, Patrick J. y Tracey A. Edgell. "The International Standard for Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) Activity". Thrombosis and Haemostasis 76, n.º 01 (1996): 080–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1650526.
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SummarySince the finding that plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) may influence the initiation and progression of acute myocardial infarction, the assay of PAI-1 in plasma using a variety of commercial kits has become commonplace. The need for a standard to define the activity of PAI-1 prompted an international collaborative study (ICS) to calibrate the functional potency of a lyophilised plasma PAI-1 preparation (92/654). Since PAI-1 inhibits the 2 major plasminogen activators, tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and urinary-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) in an equimolar manner it was important to establish the potency of the PAI-1 inhibitor in terms of both t-PA and u-PA neutralisation. While the ICS indicated a wide spread of data between the laboratories the mean value of 27.5 t-PA neutralisation units and 7.0 u-PA neutralisation units was confirmed by numerous assays at NIBSC using a tedious but technically reliable titration assay procedure. The plasma PAI-1 proposed standard (92/654) was stable at 20° C for 20 months.The Fibrinolysis Subcommittee of the Scientific and Standardization Committee (SSC) of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH), (meeting in Leuven, Belgium in September 1994) has recommended that the plasma PAI-1 (92/654) should be accepted as the International Standard for PAI-1 and should define a unitage in terms of both t-PA and u-PA neutralisation. Subsequently the Expert Committee on Biological Standardization of the World Health Organization (ECBS-WHO) meeting in Geneva, Switzerland in October 1995 approved plasma PAI-1 (92/654) as the International Standard.
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Jevtić, Radoje. "Safety in health: The evacuation of immobile persons from gerontology institution". Zdravstvena zastita 50, n.º 1 (2021): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zdravzast50-27351.
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Introduction/Aim: Gerontology institutions present objects with the presence of a great number of partly mobile or immobile persons. In emergency conditions, their evacuation because of noted reasons can take longer, so the aim of the research was to present several ways for the evacuation of partly mobile and immobile persons older than 70, from gerontology institutions, and to evaluate necessary evacuation time. Methods: For this research, the software Pathfinder 2020 was used for the calculation of evacuation times and predicting of potential situations during evacuation. The gerontology institution, as a used model, presents an object with a basement and four floors. All floors have 16 rooms with two patients in every room. Floors are connected with main stairs, emergency stairs and with four elevators (two cargo elevators for 12 persons per elevator, and two passenger elevators for 6 persons per elevator). The total number of medical and administrative staff is 44, and the number of users of gerontological institution services is 128. The simulation of evacuation from gerontology institution was realized for four different scenarios: The first, when all the elevators are in function and all stairs are accessible; the second, when none of the elevators works but stairs are accessible; the third, when only emergency stairs are in function; the fourth, when only main stairs are in function. Each of these four scenarios has four different situations that depend on the evaluated speed of patient`s movement. Results: The evacuation time when it is possible to use all elevators and stairs is from 895 seconds (14.9 minutes) (for the fastest movement of persons - the first situation) to 958 seconds (16 minutes) (for the slowest movement of persons - the fourth situation), for main and emergency stairs from 984 to 1111.1 seconds (16.4-18.5 minutes), only for emergency stairs from 1997.6 to 2765.3 seconds (33.3-46.1 minutes), and only for main stairs from 1365 to 2342 seconds (22.8-39.0 minutes). Conclusion: The usage of computer software Pathfinder 2020 for the simulation of evacuation presents a very important, safe and cheap way for predicting evacuation way and speed, which can contribute to the national strategy for emergency situations.
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Samuel-Nakamura, Christine y Felicia S. Hodge. "Occurrence and Risk of Metal(loid)s in Thelesperma megapotamicum Tea Plant". Plants 9, n.º 1 (23 de diciembre de 2019): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9010021.
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This study reports on the harvesting, ingestion, and contamination of American Indian tea Thelesperma megapotamicum grown on the Navajo Reservation in New Mexico. Uranium (U) and co-metal(loid)s (As, Cd, Cs, Mo, Pb, Se, Th, and V) have contaminated local soil and plants. Tea plants were gathered for analysis near U mining impacted areas. The study collected samples of wild tea plants (n = 14), roots (n = 14), and soil (n = 12) that were analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Tea harvesting activities, behavior, and ingestion information were collected via questionnaires. Harvesting took place in community fields and near roadways. Results indicate edible foliage concentration levels for Cd exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) raw medicinal plant permissible level guidelines. Tea samples collected near high traffic areas had significantly greater Cd and Mo concentrations than those collected near low traffic areas (p < 0.001). Tea sample metal(loid) concentration levels ranged from 0.019–7.916 mg/kg. When compared to established food guidelines including the WHO provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI), reference dietary intake, recommended dietary allowance, and the tolerable upper limit (UL), Cd exceeded the WHO guidelines but none exceeded the PTWI nor the UL. These findings warrant improved standardization and establishment of universal guidelines for metal(loid) intake in food.
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CAVUSOGLU, Gul, M. Yalcın TASMEKTEPLIGIL, Izzet ISLAMOGLU y Saban UNVER. "EVALUATION OF THE JOB SATISFACTION LEVELS OF THE PERSONNEL WHO WORKED IN SPORTS ORGANIZATION". JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 9, n.º 2 (30 de octubre de 2015): 1858–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jssr.v9i2.4941.
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The aim of the study was to determine the job satisfaction levels of the personnel who worked in sports organization. 285 randomly selected people who worked in sports organization participated in this study. A form for personal information and Minnesota Job Satisfaction Scale (MSQ) developed by Weiss et al (1967) and checked for validity and reliability by Baycan (1985) were used in the study. Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H and Dunn’s multiple comparison tests were used for the analysis of the data. A significant difference was found among the groups in terms of their job satisfaction scores with increasing age in the statement of wages earned for the profession.  Satisfaction levels in terms of wages showed significant difference as the educational levels of personnel decreased. It was stated that the personnel whose job satisfaction levels were generally moderate were not pleased in terms of payment and the chances for advancement. However, the personnel’s job satisfaction scores’ being moderate shows that payment alone does not affect job satisfaction.Â
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Bal, Cenkhan, Alev Alacam, Tamer Tuzuner, Resmiye Ebru Tirali y Emre Baris. "Effects of Antiseptics on Pulpal Healing under Calcium Hydroxide Pulp Capping: A Pilot Study". European Journal of Dentistry 05, n.º 03 (julio de 2011): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1698891.
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ABSTRACTObjectives: The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the effects of three different antiseptic materials on healing processes of direct pulp therapies with Ca(OH)2 histopathologically. Methods: Twenty-eight upper and lower first molar teeth from 7 male Wistar rats were used in this study. Four cavities were prepared in each rat in four quadrants, and each quadrant represented different experimental groups. In Group I: 0.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); in Group II: 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX); in Group III: 0.1% octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT); and in Group IV 0.9% sterile saline was applied to the exposure site with a sterile cotton pellet for 3 minutes. After hemorrhage control, the pulps were capped with hard setting Ca(OH)2 and, finally, restored with IRM. The animals were euthanized at 21 days post-operatively. After sacrificing, routine histological procedures were performed and evaluated statistically with non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test among the groups and two-by-two comparisons by using the Mann-Whitney U test for inflammatory response and tissue organization scores at the confidence interval of 95%. Results: There were significant differences in inflammatory response and tissue organization scores between the groups (P<.05). Statistical evaluation of inflammatory response showed that Group IV was significantly different from Groups I, II and III separately with a higher inflammatory cell response (P<.05) whereas no significant differences were detected between the other groups in two-by-two comparisons (P>.05). Healthy coronal and radicular pulp tissue organization scores indicated that the Group I has better pulp tissue organization than Group IV and this was significantly different (P<.05) whereas no significant differences were observed between the other groups separately (P>.05). Conclusions: The antiseptic materials used in this study created an environment that, rather than saline solution, may affect clinical and histological success in a positive way. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:265-272)
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Asfaw, Meseret, Davd Lee Holtzman, Gene F. Kwan, lawrence T. Oyewusi, carole D. Mitnick y Kwanjune J. Seung. "N C I D E N C E O F H I G H G R A D E Q T C F P R O L O N G A T I O N A N D I T S M A N A G E M E N T A M O N G P A T I E N T S U N D E R G O I N G T R E A T M E N T F O R D R U G R E S I S T A N T T U B E R C U L O S I S ( D R - T B ) : C A S E S E R I E S ." African Journal of Infectious Diseases 15, n.º 2s (1 de septiembre de 2021): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21010/ajid.v15i2s.5.
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Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has approved the use of two new drugs, namely Bedaquiline (Bdq) and Delamanid (Dlm), for treatment of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB). One of the concerns raised with the use of these drugs was QT-interval prolongation. This condition could be serious and life threatening. Hence, knowing the magnitude and its management is very important. This case series identifies the incidence and discusses the management of clinically significant QT-interval prolongation amongst a cohort of patients who have been on these medicines. Materials and Methods: Patients with reports of high grade QT-Interval prolongation (i.e. Grade-3 and Grade-4) were identified from the cohort of 265 patients enrolled on bedaquiline and/or delamanid and discussion is made on the pattern, severity and management of each cases identified. Results: Only 4 (1.5%) out of all 265 patients enrolled on Bedaquiline and/or Delamanid have developed high grade QT-Interval prolongation. And all are managed without permanent discontinuation of both drugs. Conclusion: The Incidence of clinically significant QTcF-interval prolongation among DR-TB patients taking bedaquiline and /or delamanid in Lesotho is low. And almost all cases can be managed with more frequent Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring and management of other possible causes of QT-interval prolongation without the need to stop one or both drugs permanently.
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Singh, Jagmeet y Harwinder Singh. "Application of lean manufacturing in automotive manufacturing unit". International Journal of Lean Six Sigma 11, n.º 1 (9 de enero de 2020): 171–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlss-06-2018-0060.
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Purpose This paper aims to apply lean manufacturing using value stream mapping (VSM) in the manufacturing organization (automotive suspension and fastening components section). To validate the VSM approach, simulation has been done. Design/methodology/approach VSM approach has been used to implement lean stages in the U-bolt section. Current state map was prepared and future state map has been implemented. Further, simulation has been done to compare current state and future state maps. Findings It has been found that there is 87.59% reduction in cycle time (C/T), 76.47% reduction in work-in-process (WIP) inventory, 95.41% reduction in production lead time, 66.08% increase in value added (VA) ratio, 95.78% reduction in non-value added (NVA) time, 57.14% reduction in the number of operators and 70.67% reduction in change over (C/O) time for the U-bolt section. Simulated and VSM of current and future state has observed error of 5 s. Research limitations/implications This study is based on automotive manufacturing industry situated in northern part of India. The outcome of this study is applicable only to the selected product of the manufacturing company. Originality/value This paper deals with case study part which reflects the true picture of implementation of Lean manufacturing (LM) tools in the organization.
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Rastoder, Šerbo. "Organization and activities of Montenegro`s political emigration of in Constantinople after death of king Nikola (1921)". Historijski pogledi 3, n.º 3 (28 de mayo de 2020): 122–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.52259/historijskipogledi.2020.3.3.122.
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The paper treats one important issue for Montenegrin historiography, which refers to the Montenegrin emigration and its activities in Constantinople, after the death of King Nikola in 1921. Based on hitherto unpublished historical sources, the paper presents numerous details related to the activities of the Montenegrin emigration, which was relocated to Italy until the death of King Nikola, and after that the largest number of emigrants moved to Constantinople. These are political emigrants who did not accept the loss of independence of Montenegro, after the Pogorica Assembly in 1918, and did not agree with the policy of the new state of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. In this regard, the paper presents very interesting and diverse activities of Montenegrin emigration, and gives a clear picture of their commitment to Montenegro, its statehood and independence, and through their political activities and life in Constantinople.
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McKinley, Audrey A. y Agamemnon Gus Pantel. "MANAGING HERITAGE RESOURCE PROTECTION: A CASE STUDY FROM THE BERMAN SPILL RESPONSE1". International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1995, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 1995): 695–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1995-1-695.
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ABSTRACT Heritage resources were a significant concern during the Morris J. Berman oil spill response, which began on January 7, 1994, in Puerto Rico. Numerous pre-Columbian artifacts and archeological sites, along with some of the oldest historic structures under U. S. jurisdiction were at risk from the spreading oil and subsequent response activities. A group of interagency professionals quickly formed into what was soon known as the Heritage Resources Management Team to deal with the myriad evolving issues involving heritage resources. Discovering success in a team approach, this core team became an integral, high-performing part of the larger response organization. Although this paper presents a case study of how heritage resources were tackled during the Morris J. Berman oil spill response, the decision-making and problem-solving methods described are applicable to any response effort. Incorporating heritage resource protection strategies in response planning and organization is crucial for mitigating future threats to these priceless remains of our history.
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Smith, D. V. y T. Hanamori. "Organization of gustatory sensitivities in hamster superior laryngeal nerve fibers". Journal of Neurophysiology 65, n.º 5 (1 de mayo de 1991): 1098–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1991.65.5.1098.
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1. Mammalian taste receptors are distributed within several distinct subpopulations, innervated by branches of cranial nerves VII, IX, and X. Most gustatory electrophysiology has focused on input from the fungiform papillae on the anterior portion of the tongue, carried by the chorda tympani branch of the VIIth nerve. However, laryngeal taste buds in the hamster are as numerous as those in the fungiform papillae. Gustatory fibers in the hamster's chorda tympani and glossopharyngeal nerves have been well characterized. In comparison with these taste fibers, much less is known about the chemical sensitivities of fibers innervating laryngeal taste buds. 2. Action potentials were recorded from 65 individual fibers in the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) of the hamster. Stimuli were distilled H2O and five concentrations each of sucrose, NaCl, HCl, and quinine hydrochloride (QHCl). All stimuli except the NaCl series were made in physiological saline (0.154 M NaCl) and were delivered from the laryngeal side of the epiglottis via a tracheal cannula. Responses were quantified as the number of impulses in 10 s minus the responses in the preceding 10 s of baseline activity during a rinse with physiological saline. 3. Distilled H2O, HCl, and NaCl were by far the most excitatory stimuli, with mean responses across all cells 5-10 times greater than those evoked by sucrose or QHCl. The order of effectiveness of the strongest concentrations of the stimuli was H2O greater than 0.03 M HCl greater than 1.0 M NaCl much greater than 0.03 M QHCl greater than 1.0 M sucrose. 4. The mean concentration-response function for NaCl was U shaped, with the greatest number of impulses to distilled H2O and 1.0 M NaCl. The responses diminished as the concentrations approached physiological levels (0.154 M NaCl), where there was no response, and increased as NaCl concentration rose above this level. Increasing concentrations of HCl above 0.0003 M elicited increasing responses in these fibers. 5. The mean time course of the responses to distilled H2O and to hypotonic NaCl solutions (0.01 and 0.03 M) peaked in the first few seconds and then declined slowly. This was distinct from the time course of the responses to hypertonic NaCl concentrations (0.3 and 1.0 M), which increased gradually throughout the 10-s response period. Responses to HCl peaked in the initial second and then decayed rapidly to a slowly declining plateau. These distinctively different time courses suggest different receptor mechanisms for water, salt, and acid stimuli. 6. The across-fiber pattern of the responses to hypotonic NaCl solutions correlated strongly to that elicited by distilled H2O.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Nayenko, Halyna. "Teolohichni teksty u stanovlenni ukrayinsʹkoho naukovoho dyskursu II polovyny XVII stolittya (na prykladi „Nauky o taynѣ s(t): pokaѧnyiѧ” 1671 r.)". Studia Ucrainica Varsoviensia, n.º 8 (31 de agosto de 2020): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2299-7237suv.8.2.
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The author analyzes the cognitive-discourse aspect of the semantic structur e of the treaty Nauka o tajně s(t): pokaęnїę (a translation from the Polish original) printed in 1671 by the imprimery of the Kyivan Cave Monastery. Found on the boundary line between theological literature and the secular genres, the Ukrainian scientifi c discourse was rather vague at that time; the text under consideration can be viewed therefore as a popular scientifi c one. The text is connected with the academic discourse through a complicated structure, typical of scholastic treaties, heterogeneous markers of the intertextuality, the use of indirect performative markers as well as markers of the prospection and retrospection. Its connection with the popular discourse is maintained through the elimination of authorship, the prevailing glossing rather than defi nitions of the respective terms. The dialogue model of addressing with the help of singular ‘you,’ which is common for preaching, is found in this treaty side by side with the inclusive ‘we.’ The treaty’s heterogeneous syntactic organization is marked by the combination of diff erent genres, namely, literature of practical purpose and sermons.
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Kaplan, R. W. "CH. M. A. KUYPER, The Organization of cellular Activity. X u. 272 S., 136 Abb. Amsterdam, New York 1962: Elsevier Publ. Co. DM 22,50". Zeitschrift für allgemeine Mikrobiologie 4, n.º 4 (24 de enero de 2007): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jobm.19640040413.
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Campagnini, Kathryn y Tim Gunter. "Creation of National Strike Force Center of Expertise: U. S. Coast Guard Deployable Specialized Forces “Stem-to-Stern” Review". International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2017, n.º 1 (1 de mayo de 2017): 2527–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2017.1.2527.
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Abstract The United States Coast Guard conducted a review of the National Strike Force’s alignment with the Coast Guard organization following direction from Admiral Papp, Commandant of the Coast Guard, for a “Stem to Stern” review of all Deployable Specialized Forces. The Deployable Specialized Force program and its support structure has made significant progress building and sustaining a highly specialized community. Some of these successes include the Incident Management Assist Team. The full purpose and integration of all Deployable Specialized Force units has still not completely achieved full operational capability. One of the recommended courses of action for Coast Guard Deployable Specialized Forces is to maintain proficiency and provide value across the Coast Guard’s mission spectrum included: Establish Centers of Expertise for disaster/incident response with functionality to include standardization teams, external assessment, and Tactics, Techniques and Policy integration. The review concluded that a separate unit should be established to conduct third party assessment of the National Strike Forces’ three Strike Teams. As a result, the National Strike Force Center of Expertise was created under the oversight of the Coast Guard Force Readiness Command. This paper will review the reasons for creation of the National Strike Force Center of Expertise and why it was placed under the Coast Guard Force Readiness Command as a detachment of Training Center Yorktown. Several functional statements of the National Strike Force Center of Expertise will be presented regarding managing environmental response and equipment standardization among the Strike Teams and how the National Strike Force Center of Expertise concept of operations will support future progress for the NSF mission.
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YANG, JING. "Temporal features of word-initial /s/+stop clusters in bilingual Mandarin–English children and monolingual English children and adults". Journal of Child Language 45, n.º 2 (18 de mayo de 2017): 479–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000917000162.
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AbstractThis study investigated the durational features of English word-initial /s/+stop clusters produced by bilingual Mandarin (L1)–English (L2) children and monolingual English children and adults. The participants included two groups of five- to six-year-old bilingual children: low proficiency in the L2 (Bi-low) and high proficiency in the L2 (Bi-high), one group of age-matched English children, and one group of English adults. Each participant produced a list of English words containing /sp, st, sk/ at the word-initial position followed by /a, i, u/, respectively. The absolute durations of the clusters and cluster elements and the durational proportions of elements to the overall cluster were measured. The results revealed that Bi-high children behaved similarly to the English monolinguals whereas Bi-low children used a different strategy of temporal organization to coordinate the cluster components in comparison to the English monolinguals and Bi-high children. The influence of language experience and continuing development of temporal features in children were discussed.
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FURUHASHI, M. "Report of the International Organization for Standardization ISO/TC 198 "Sterilization of Health Care Products" in Washington Arlington U. S. A. on the March 1992". JAPANES JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION 63, n.º 2 (1 de febrero de 1993): 82–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4286/ikakikaigaku.63.2_82.
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Ouedraogo, Ernest, Yienouyaba Gaetan Ouoba y Emmanuel Lompo. "The Social and Economic Correlates of Tobacco Consumption in Developing Countries Compared to Developed Countries: Evidence from Burkina Faso and Canada". Global Journal of Health Science 12, n.º 11 (8 de septiembre de 2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v12n11p33.
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This paper examines the socio-demographic and economic factors affecting tobacco consumption in a developing country like Burkina Faso compared to a developed country like Canada. Using nationally representative data from the 2016 round of Burkina Faso’s Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) 2015-2016, we estimated multivariate fixed effects models to identify the social and economic factors associated with tobacco consumption in these countries. We find evidence that age has an inverted U-shaped positive effect on cigarettes consumption in both countries with a peak at 24-35 years old in Burkina Faso and a peak at 40-54 years old in Canada. Second, being single increases the consumption of cigarettes while education and employment reduce cigarettes consumption in both countries. The gender gap in tobacco consumption between men and women is larger in Burkina Faso (5.021 cigarettes) compared to Canada (1.45 cigarettes). Third, while income have a negative impact on cigarettes consumption in Canada, it displays a U-shape effect in Burkina Faso. Hence, the social and economic context should be considered by the international organization while addressing the issue of smoking in developed and developing countries.
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Feldman, Douglas. "PA Comments". Practicing Anthropology 11, n.º 4 (1 de septiembre de 1989): 2–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.11.4.274558297522178t.
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During August, 1988, I was asked by the United States Information Agency to go to Bangladesh to share information about AIDS with the Bangladesh National AIDS Committee and others. In the course of my stay in Dhaka, I met with the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Home Affairs, the Minister of Health, the Director of the American Cultural Center of the U. S. Information Service, the Dean of the University of Dhaka Medical School, the Director of the National Health Card Service (an organization administering hundreds of rural health clinics in Bangladesh), and the Chief of the Bureau of Health Education. I gave presentations before the Bangladesh National AIDS Committee, the faculty and student body of the University of Dhaka Medical School, and during a reception given by the National Health Card Service.
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Lohfink, Norbert. "William S. Morrow, Scribing the Center. Organization and Redaction in Deuteronomy 14:1-17:13 (SBL Monograph Series 49), Atlanta, GA (Scholars Press) 1995, XII u. 271 S. , ISBN 0-7885-0065-1 (pbk)." Biblische Zeitschrift 44, n.º 1 (5 de abril de 2000): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25890468-04401009.
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Emerson, Geoffrey G. y Steven S. Segal. "Alignment of microvascular units along skeletal muscle fibers of hamster retractor". Journal of Applied Physiology 82, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1997): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1997.82.1.42.
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Emerson, Geoffrey G., and Steven S. Segal. Alignment of microvascular units along skeletal muscle fibers of hamster retractor. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(1): 42–48, 1997.—When muscle fibers contract, blood flow requirements increase along their entire length. However, the organization of capillary perfusion along muscle fibers is unclear. The microvascular unit (MVU) is defined as a terminal arteriole and the group of capillaries it supplies. We investigated whether neighboring MVUs along the fiber axis perfused the same group of muscle fibers by using the parallel-fibered retractor muscle. Hamsters were anesthetized and perfused with Microfil to visualize MVUs relative to muscle fibers. Fields of study, which encompassed five to seven neighboring MVUs along a muscle fiber, were chosen from the interior of muscles and along muscle edges. On average, MVUs were 1 mm in length, 0.50 mm in width, and 0.1 mm deep; segments of ∼30 fibers were contained in this tissue volume of 0.05 mm3 (20 MVUs/mg muscle). The total distance across muscle fibers encompassed by a pair of MVUs is designated “union” (U); the fraction of this distance common to both MVUs is designated “intersection” (I). The ratio of I to U for the widths of neighboring MVUs provides an index of MVU alignment along muscle fibers (e.g., I/U = 1.0 indicates complete alignment, where the fibers perfused by one MVU are the same as those perfused by the neighboring MVU). We found that I/U along muscle edges (0.71 ± 0.02) was greater ( P < 0.05) than the ratio measured within muscles (0.66 ± 0.02). A model predicted a maximum I/U of 0.58 with random MVU alignment. Thus measured values were closer to random than to complete alignment. These findings indicate that an increase in blood flow along muscle fibers requires the perfusion of many MVUs and imply that vasodilation is coordinated among the parent arterioles from which corresponding MVUs arise.
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Pinheiro, Daisy de Lucena Feitosa Lins, Francisco Edson de Lucena Feitosa, Edward Araujo Júnior y Francisco Herlânio Costa Carvalho. "Gestational Outcomes in Patients with Severe Maternal Morbidity Caused by Hypertensive Syndromes". Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics 42, n.º 02 (febrero de 2020): 074–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1701464.
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Abstract Purpose To evaluate the impact of the presence of criteria for severe maternal morbidity and maternal near miss associated with hypertensive disorders on maternal and perinatal outcomes in a maternity school. Methods The present is a sub-analysis of a larger study involving 27 centers in Brazil that estimated the prevalence of serious maternal morbidity and near miss. It is an analytical and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, involving 928 women who were cared for at Maternidade Escola Assis Chateaubriand (MEAC, in Portuguese), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC, in Portuguese), from July 2009 to June 2010. The women were diagnosed with near miss according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. The sample was divided into 2 groups: patients with (n = 827) and without hypertension (n = 101). The results were considered statistically significant when p < 0.05. The Pearson chi-squared and Fisher Exact tests were used for the categorical variables, and the Mann–Whitney U test was used for the continuous variables. Results In total, 51 participants with maternal near miss criteria were identified, and 36 of them had hypertensive disorders. Of these, 5 died and were obviously excluded from the near miss final group. In contrast, we observed 867 cases with non-near miss maternal morbidity criteria. During this period, there were 4,617 live births (LBs) in the institution that was studied. Conclusion In the severe morbidity/maternal near miss population, the presence of hypertensive complications was prevalent, constituting a risk factor for both the mother and the fetus.
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Huivaniuk, Mykola. "The Influence of Literary Intelligentsia on the Development of Ukrainian Schooling in Galicia and Bukovyna (the End of the XIX – and the Beginning of the XX century)". Науковий вісник Чернівецького національного університету імені Юрія Федьковича. Історія 2, n.º 48 (15 de diciembre de 2018): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/hj2018.48.21-29.
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The article reveals the role of representatives of Ukrainian literary intelligentsia in spreading the idea about the need for education among the Ukrainian peasantry of Galicia and Bukovyna.
Their activities in the field of organization of Ukrainian schooling are shown. It is noted that O. Barvinskyi led to the opening of Ukrainian gymnasiums in Przemysl and Stanislaviv, and S. Smal-Stotskyi to the opening of Ukrainian gymnasiums in Vashkivtsi and Chernivtsi.
The activities of Ukrainian writers in the field of writing textbooks for elementary schools and institutions of secondary education are revealed. It was noted that O. Barvinskyi, A. Krushelnytskyi, O. Popovych, Yu. Romanchuk, S. Smal-Stotskyi and I. Franko most of all contributed to this. The peculiarity of the textbooks which they created was that they were based on phonetic spelling, with the involvement of the works of Ukrainian writers, which contributed to the formation of a national conscious generation of Ukrainians.
On the example of I. Bazhanskyi, U. Kravchenko and O. Makovei the positive results of the combination of the talent of the writer and the skill of the school teacher are shown.
Keywords: Galicia, Bukovyna, Ukrainian writers, education
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Nittrouer, Susan y Michael Studdert-Kennedy. "The Role of Coarticulatory Effects in the Perception of Fricatives by Children and Adults". Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 30, n.º 3 (septiembre de 1987): 319–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3003.319.
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Adult listeners are sensitive to the acoustic variations that result from a speaker's coarticulation (or coproduction) of phonetic segments. The present study charted the development of such sensitivity in young children by examining their responses to coarticulatory effects in fricative-vowel syllables. Children, at each of the ages 3, 4, 5, and 7 years, and adults identified tokens from a synthetic/∫/-/s/continuum followed by one of four natural vocalic portions:/i/and/u/, produced with transitions appropriate for either/∫/or/s/. Children demonstrated larger shifts in fricative phoneme boundaries as a function of vocalic transition than did adults, but relatively smaller shifts as a function of vowel quality. Responses were less consistent for children than for adults, and differences between children and adults decreased as children increased in age. Overall, these results indicate that perceptual sensitivity to certain coarticulatory effects is present at as young as 3 years of age. Moreover, the decrease in the sensitivity to vocalic transitions with age suggests that, contrary to a commonly held view, the perceptual organization of speech may become more rather than less segmental as the child develops.
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Osipova, O. S. y V. A. Kapitanov. "Dynamics of Social Inequality in the Digital Economy: a Look from the Past to the Future". Economics, taxes & law 11, n.º 2 (6 de noviembre de 2018): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/1999-849x-2018-11-2-27-40.
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The subject of the research is the economic inequality dynamics. The purpose of the research was statistical verification of the main factors affecting the dynamics of inequality in the digital economy. The research methodology includes the socio-synergic approach and the laws of mathematical statistics. The result of the research was a critical review of S. Kuznets’s views on the impact of economic growth on the dynamics of economic inequality. The conclusion made by T. Picketti that the U-shaped Kuznets curve transforms into the S-shaped curve is confirmed. It is proved that the contribution of the economic growth factor to the dynamics of the economic inequality is not predominant in the total system of all factors affecting the inequality dynamics. It is concluded that the economic growth resulting from technological innovations in the digital economy will not automatically lead to alleviation of the economic inequality; when modeling the social inequality, it is necessary to take into account the impact of such factors as the reallocation policy, particularly, the income taxation, the degree of social activity and good or poor organization of parties in labor relations.
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Goldman, Joshua J., Katherine Vandris, Fernando Adriano, Michael Bourla y Richard T. Silver. "Normal Serum-Erythropoietin (S-epo) Level at Diagnosis of Polycythemia Vera (PV) Correlates with LowJAK2V617F Mutant Allele Burden and Indicates Mild Phenotype." Blood 114, n.º 22 (20 de noviembre de 2009): 4978. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.4978.4978.
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Abstract Abstract 4978 A low serum-erythropoietin (S-epo) level is a minor criterion of the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for diagnosing polycythemia vera (PV) even though previous studies indicate that a normal level does not always rule out PV. We wished to determine whether a normal S-epo level correlates with a low JAK2V617F mutant allele burden and a low phlebotomy (PHL) rate, since the relationship between S-epo level, JAK2V617F allele burden, and PHL rate heretofore has not been reported. At diagnosis, we grouped the S-epo levels of 26 PV patients (pts) as follows: low (<5 U/l), normal (5-10 U/l), and high (>10 U/l). Of the 26 pts, 4 (15.4%) had normal S-epo levels, and 22 had low S-epo levels. The diagnosis of PV in pts with normal S-epo levels was made by quantitative JAK2V617F analysis and elevated Cr51 red cell mass (RCM). All pts had a bone marrow biopsy consistent with PV. We determined the number of phlebotomies required to maintain normal hematocrit (hct) levels ('42% women, '45% men) as an assessment of disease severity during the period prior to myelosuppressive therapy. We then examined the number of phlebotomies per year (PHL/yr) in relation to S-epo level at diagnosis. Of the 26 pts, 14 were treated with PHL-only for a mean of 15 months (mos) prior to beginning other therapies including anagrelide, hydroxyurea, imatinib, and rIFNa-2b. The number of PHL/yr were grouped into 4 categories: 0 (none), 1 – 5 (low), 6 – 10 (moderate), and >10 (high). Of the 14 pts, 3 had a normal S-epo level at diagnosis, all of whom had a low PHL requirement, median 3/yr. The other 11 pts had low S-epo levels at diagnosis and a median PHL requirement of 6/yr (7 moderate and 4 low). Thus, while a low S-epo level at presentation was usually associated with moderate PHL requirement, a normal S-epo level at diagnosis was always associated with a subsequently low PHL requirement during the period of observation (mean 15 mos). Of the 26 pts, 14 had quantitative JAK2 analyses done at diagnosis. The other 12 were diagnosed prior to 2002 and quantitative JAK2 determinations were not available. Of the 14 pts, 2 had a normal S-epo level and a low JAK2V617F mutant allele burden (1-25%). These 2 pts also had a low PHL requirement. Thus, these pts who had normal S-epo levels, had JAK2V617F allele burdens in the lowest quartile, and had low PHL rates. Of the remaining 12 pts, 5 had JAK2V617F allele burdens in the 2nd (25-50%) quartile, 5 in the 3rd (50-75%) quartile, and 1 each in the 1st and 4th quartiles. We conclude (1) as previously reported, about 15% of pts with PV present with normal S-epo levels at diagnosis, suggesting a limitation of this WHO criterion, and (2) those pts with a low JAK2V617F allele burden and a normal S-epo level required fewer PHL/yr, all suggesting a more benign phenotype. This may provide a useful prognostic tool for patients with PV. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Ducey, Donald L. y Ann Hayward Walker. "DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SUPPORT TO SPILL RESPONSE OPERATIONS". International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1993, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 1993): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1993-1-57.
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ABSTRACT The Department of Defense (DOD), operating through the Directorate of Military Support in the Department of the Army, supports state, local and other federal agency response operations in a wide range of natural and man-caused emergencies. Examples within the past six years include the Ashland Oil tank collapse in Floreffe, Pennsylvania, Exxon Valdez cleanup, Loma Prieta earthquake, hurricanes Hugo and Andrew, Mexico City earthquake, Armero (Columbia) volcanic eruption, and Puerto Rico floods and mudslides. From March 24 to September 27, 1989, the period of the Exxon Valdez initial cleanup operations, DOD provided military and civilian personnel, U. S. Navy ships for housing response workers, cargo and medical evacuation aircraft (fixed wing and helicopters), skimmers, modified dredges, landing craft, Dracones, Zodiak boats, radios, computers, and other miscellaneous equipment. This was in addition to assets of the Alaska Army and Air National Guard, which were committed by the governor. Support was provided to the U. S. Coast Guard on-scene coordinator and supervised by the Alaska Oil Spill Joint Task Force. The General Accounting Office, in its January 1990 report, Federal Costs Resulting from the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill, estimated that DOD spent $62.8 million through September 30, 1989, the largest expenditure by any federal agency. Use of military resources is a realistic scenario in certain situations. Primary responders at the federal and state level should understand how to request and employ these assets. This paper provides a background on DOD support to disaster relief operations, and discusses the types of support available to agencies responding to natural or man-caused emergencies, request and approval mechanisms, the Department of Defense organization to provide support, and reimbursement of the department.
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Rolan, Robert G. y Keith H. Cameron. "Adaptation of the Incident Command System to Oil Spill Response During the American Trader Spill". International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1991, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 1991): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1991-1-267.
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ABSTRACT While developing its new crisis management plan in 1989, BP America (BPA) modified the incident command system (ICS) for use as the organizational structure of its oil spill response team. This was done to be compatible with the post-Exxon Valdez organization of the Alyeska response team and for certain advantages it would provide for responses in other locations and in other types of crisis situations. The ICS was originally developed for fighting wildfires in California and has since been widely adopted by other fire and emergency services in the U. S. While retaining most of the ICS structure, ?PA developed modifications necessary to fit the unique requirements of oil spill response. The modified ICS was used during a full scale test of ?PA's draft crisis management plan in December 1989, and thus was familiar to ?PA's top executives and other participating response team members. When the American Trader spill occurred in February 1990, BPA's management used the modified ICS organization even though the crisis management plan had not been finalized or widely distributed within the company. Details of the organizational structure evolved as the spill response progressed, in part due to the changing requirements of the response over time and in part because of previously unrecognized issues. This paper describes that evolution and the resulting final structure. Essential differences between the original ICS and BPA's oil spill version of it are highlighted. Despite the unrecognized issues and the unfamiliarity of some team members with the ICS, the organization worked well and can be credited with a share of the success of the American Trader response.
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Glimelius, B., T. Linné, K. Hoffman, L. Larsson, J. H. Svensson, P. Näsman, B. Svensson y C. Helmers. "Epoetin beta in the treatment of anemia in patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 16, n.º 2 (febrero de 1998): 434–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1998.16.2.434.
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PURPOSE The possibility that epoetin beta (EPO) could increase hemoglobin (B-Hb) levels and improve quality of life (QoL) in patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers was investigated. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred patients with gastric, pancreatic, biliary, or colorectal cancers and subnormal B-Hb levels were included in a randomized study to test low-dose EPO (2,000 U subcutaneously thrice weekly [2,000 group]) against a higher dose (10,000 U times three [10,000 group]). Eighty-four patients were treated with chemotherapy. QoL was evaluated using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 instrument. RESULTS At baseline, mean B-Hb was 108 g/L with no difference between the groups. In the 10,000 group, an increase in B-Hb (>10 g/L) was seen in 30 (73%) patients treated with chemotherapy, after a median of 4 weeks, whereas a corresponding increase in the 2,000 group was seen in 15 (30%) patients after a median of 10 weeks (P < .001). A difference in the proportion of responders (five of eight v one of eight) was also seen in the group of patients not treated with chemotherapy. The proportion of responders was independent of baseline endogenous serum EPO level or observed/predicted log10 serum (S)-EPO levels. Patients who demonstrated improved B-Hb levels also showed improvements in QoL parameters. Tumor response was usually also associated with QoL improvements. CONCLUSION Treatment with EPO at a dose of 10,000 U thrice weekly can rapidly and safely increase B-Hb levels in a high proportion of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers. QoL is influenced by the B-Hb increase, but also by the course of the underlying malignancy. It is therefore difficult to define clearly the clinical relevance of the B-Hb increase as such.
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Schrock, Denny, Mary Meyer, Peter Ascher y Mark Snyder. "143 Benefits and Values of the Master Gardener Program". HortScience 34, n.º 3 (junio de 1999): 466C—466. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.466c.
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Current and former Missouri Master Gardeners were asked to respond how strongly they agreed or disagreed with a list of benefits provided by the Master Gardener program. The survey instrument was an adaptation of Rohs and Westerfield's (1996) Master Gardener Societal and Personal Benefits survey. Questions were assigned to one of the six principal components of volunteer motivation developed by Clary et al. (1998): Understanding, Values, Enhancement, Social, Protective, and Career. Master Gardeners who are currently active volunteers in the program were more likely to respond favorably to many of the benefits provided by the Master Gardener program. Respondents most strongly indicated their agreement that the Master Gardener program, more than any other similar organization, provides benefits related to new learning experiences, exercising knowledge, skills, and abilities, categorized as understanding (U). The overall mean for U was 4.35 on the 5-point Likert scale, a significantly higher score than any other category according to Duncan's multiple range test. Benefits related to personal growth and self-esteem, labeled enhancement (E); those related to altruism and humanitarian concern, labeled values (V); and guilt reduction over being more fortunate than others and addressing one's own personal problems, labeled protective (P), formed the second tier of benefit importance. Benefits related to preparation for a new career or maintaining career-relevant skills, categorized as career (C) were next. Benefits concerning relationships with others, classified as social (S), concluded the list.
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Schisler, M. R., B. B. Gollapudi y M. M. Moore. "Evaluation of U. S. National Toxicology Program (NTP) mouse lymphoma assay data using International Workshop on Genotoxicity Tests (IWGT) and the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) criteria". Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 59, n.º 9 (25 de octubre de 2018): 829–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/em.22250.
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Amat, Fernando, Luis R. Comolli, John F. Nomellini, Farshid Moussavi, Kenneth H. Downing, John Smit y Mark Horowitz. "Analysis of the Intact Surface Layer of Caulobacter crescentus by Cryo-Electron Tomography". Journal of Bacteriology 192, n.º 22 (10 de septiembre de 2010): 5855–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00747-10.
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ABSTRACT The surface layers (S layers) of those bacteria and archaea that elaborate these crystalline structures have been studied for 40 years. However, most structural analysis has been based on electron microscopy of negatively stained S-layer fragments separated from cells, which can introduce staining artifacts and allow rearrangement of structures prone to self-assemble. We present a quantitative analysis of the structure and organization of the S layer on intact growing cells of the Gram-negative bacterium Caulobacter crescentus using cryo-electron tomography (CET) and statistical image processing. Instead of the expected long-range order, we observed different regions with hexagonally organized subunits exhibiting short-range order and a broad distribution of periodicities. Also, areas of stacked double layers were found, and these increased in extent when the S-layer protein (RsaA) expression level was elevated by addition of multiple rsaA copies. Finally, we combined high-resolution amino acid residue-specific Nanogold labeling and subtomogram averaging of CET volumes to improve our understanding of the correlation between the linear protein sequence and the structure at the 2-nm level of resolution that is presently available. The results support the view that the U-shaped RsaA monomer predicted from negative-stain tomography proceeds from the N terminus at one vertex, corresponding to the axis of 3-fold symmetry, to the C terminus at the opposite vertex, which forms the prominent 6-fold symmetry axis. Such information will help future efforts to analyze subunit interactions and guide selection of internal sites for display of heterologous protein segments.
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Goldstein, Judith, Miles Kahler, Robert O. Keohane y Anne-Marie Slaughter. "Introduction: Legalization and World Politics". International Organization 54, n.º 3 (2000): 385–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002081800551262.
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In many issue-areas, the world is witnessing a move to law. As the century turned, governments and individuals faced the following international legal actions. The European Court of Human Rights ruled that Britain's ban on homosexuals in the armed forces violates the right to privacy, contravening Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights. The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia indicted Yugoslav president Slobodan Milosevic during a NATO bombing campaign to force Yugoslav forces out of Kosovo. Milosevic remains in place in Belgrade, but Austrian police, bearing a secret indictment from the International Criminal Tribunal, arrested a Bosnian Serb general who was attending a conference in Vienna. In economic affairs the World Trade Organization (WTO) Appellate Body found in favor of the United States and against the European Union (EU) regarding European discrimination against certain Latin American banana exporters. A U.S. district court upheld the constitutionality of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) against claims that its dispute-resolution provisions violated U. S. sovereignty. In a notable environmental judgment, the new Law of the Sea Tribunal ordered the Japanese to cease all fishing for southern bluefin tuna for the rest of the year.
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Stolpen, A. H., D. E. Golan y J. S. Pober. "Tumor necrosis factor and immune interferon act in concert to slow the lateral diffusion of proteins and lipids in human endothelial cell membranes." Journal of Cell Biology 107, n.º 2 (1 de agosto de 1988): 781–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.107.2.781.
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Vascular endothelial surface-related activities may depend on the lateral mobility of specific cell surface macromolecules. Previous studies have shown that cytokines induce changes in the morphology and surface antigen composition of vascular endothelial cells in vitro and at sites of immune and inflammatory reactions in vivo. The effects of cytokines on membrane dynamic properties have not been examined. In the present study, we have used fluorescence photobleaching recovery (FPR) to quantify the effects of the cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and immune interferon (IFN-gamma) on the lateral mobilities of class I major histocompatibility complex protein, of an abundant 96,000 Mr mesenchymal cell surface glycoprotein (gp96), and of a phospholipid probe in cultured human endothelial cell (HEC) membranes. Class I protein and gp96 were directly labeled with fluorescein-conjugated monoclonal antibodies; plasma membrane lipid mobility was examined with the phospholipid analogue fluorescein phosphatidylethanolamine (Fl-PE). In untreated, confluent HEC monolayers, diffusion coefficients were 30 x 10(-10) cm2 s-1 for class I protein, 14 x 10(-10) cm2 s-1 for gp96, and 80 x 10(-10) cm2 s-1 for Fl-PE. Fractional mobilities were greater than 80% for each probe. Cultures treated at visual confluence for 3-4 d with either 100 U/ml TNF or 200 U/ml IFN-gamma did not exhibit significant changes in protein or lipid mobilities despite significant changes in cell morphology and membrane antigen composition. In HEC cultures treated concomitantly with TNF and IFN-gamma, however, diffusion coefficients decreased by 71-79% for class I protein, 29-55% for gp96, and 23-38% for Fl-PE. Fractional mobilities were unchanged. By immunoperoxidase transmission electron microscopy, plasma membranes of untreated and cytokine-treated HEC were flat and stained uniformly for class I antigen. "Line" FPR measurements on doubly treated HEC demonstrated isotropic diffusion of class I protein, gp96, and Fl-PE. Finally, although TNF and IFN-gamma retarded the growth of HEC cultures and disrupted the organization of cell monolayers, the slow diffusion rates of gp96 and Fl-PE in confluent doubly treated monolayers were not reproduced in sparse or subconfluent untreated monolayers. We conclude that the slowing of protein and lipid diffusion induced by the combination of TNF and IFN-gamma is not due to plasma membrane corrugations, to anisotropic diffusion barriers, or to decreased numbers of cell-cell contacts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Woodward, Servanne. "A synthesis of personal and public history : 1990’s Achkar and Peck". Issue 1 1, n.º 1 (12 de junio de 2018): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2516-2713/2018/v1n1a6.
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The 1991 films of David Achkar, a French-Guinean filmmaker, and Raoul Peck, a Haitian filmmaker whose family spent many years in the Congo, intersect around Patrice Lumumba (1925-1961), the first Congolese prime minister and victim of a political murder. Both films remain intensely personal if not intimate. Achkar is reminiscent of Beckett in the depiction of “waiting for” an occurrence ever differed. What is haunting about Achkar’s quest is that the filmmaker is in search of his father Marof David Achkar (1930-1971), a choreographer of the Keïta Fodeba “Ballets Africains” (1955-1960) and cultural counsellor to the Guinean embassy in Washington (1960-1964). Marof had replaced Telli Diallo at the United Nations (1964-1968) when he worked against apartheid in South Africa; in 1968 U. Thant (secretary to the United Nations) recommended him to a post of high commissioner to the World Organization in Namibia, a proposal rejected by Sékou Touré (elected as the first President of Guinea, serving from 1958 until his death in 1984) who recalled him to Conakry. Upon his return to Guinea, Marof Achkar was arrested and brought to camp Boiro, where he was tortured, made to sign charges of embezzlement and executed on January 25, 1971. At the time, David Achkar was a child — something of the child remains in the biography of his father. Beyond his father’s political ordeal is the first-hand demonstration of the personal impact the execution had on him; he connects more publicly and didactically with the administration of justice versus political murders in his last film, Kiti, justice en Guinée (1996). Both Achkar and Peck employ collages of family reels, documentaries, and film that may be inspired by Surrealism, a movement mentioned in Death of a Prophet (1991). Peck also moved toward a stronger Marxist message in his 2017 film about the German philosopher, and though he has done several documentaries, he is attached to the current relevance of legacies when he depicts Marx as appealing to today’s youth. In both 1991 films, the sliding distance of political heroes, from public careers to intimate family documents is further complicated by the filmmakers’ decision to intertwine plain autobiography to their biographies. They are working from the premises of affective encounters to create a sense of community. Eventually, Achkar and Peck raise issues about the philosophical nature of identity and the autobiography involved in the encounter with sacrificed or resurrected prophets as interpreted in Allah-Tantou—God’s Will be Done [À la grâce de Dieu] (1991) by David Achkar (1960-1998) and Death of a Prophet, by Raoul Peck (1954-present).
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Nunes, Suzana Gilioli. "Capacidade de Absorção do Conhecimento e a Comunicação com o Ambiente Externo: Uma Análise em Empresas de Palmas/TO". Revista Observatório 1, n.º 1 (30 de septiembre de 2015): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft.2447-4266.2015v1n1p123.
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O objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi avaliar a capacidade de absorção do conhecimento organizacional, tendo como uma das suas dimensões a comunicação com o ambiente externo. Foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa de caráter quantitativo com cem empresas pertencentes aos setores de comércio e de serviços, localizadas na cidade de Palmas, TO. O questionário aplicado envolveu a utilização de uma escala da capacidade de absorção do conhecimento, desenvolvida por Matusik e Heeley (2005). Os autores avaliam que a capacidade de absorção é composta de múltiplas dimensões: 1) relação da empresa com seu ambiente externo, 2) a estrutura, as rotinas de conhecimentos, e o grupo principal de criação de valor e, 3) absorção de habilidades individuais. Os resultados demonstraram que as empresas pesquisadas possuíam alto grau de predominância de relacionamento com o ambiente.Palavras-chave: Capacidade de Absorção do Conhecimento; Conhecimento; Comunicação com o ambiente externo. ABSTRACTThe main objective of this research was to evaluate the absorption capacity of organizational knowledge, having as one of its dimensions communication with the external environment. One quantitative study with a hundred companies belonging to the trade and service sectors has been developed, located in the city of Palmas, TO. The questionnaire involved the use of a range of absorption capacity of the knowledge developed by Matusik and Heeley (2005). The authors estimate that the absorption capacity is made up of multiple dimensions: 1) the company's relationship with its external environment, 2) the structure, routines of knowledge, and the main group of value creation and, 3) absorption of individual skills . The results showed that the surveyed enterprises had a high degree of dominance relationship with the environment.Keywords: Absorption Capacity of Knowledge; Knowledge; Communication with the external environment. RESUMENEl principal objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la capacidad de absorción de conocimiento organizacional, teniendo como una de sus dimensiones de comunicación con el ambiente externo. Un estudio cuantitativo con un centenar de empresas pertenecientes a los sectores de comercio y servicios se ha desarrollado, que se encuentra en la ciudad de Palmas, TO. El cuestionario implicó el uso de una gama de capacidad de absorción del conocimiento desarrollado por Matusik y Heeley (2005). Los autores estiman que la capacidad de absorción se compone de múltiples dimensiones: 1) la relación de la empresa con su entorno externo, 2) la estructura, las rutinas de conocimiento, y el grupo principal de la creación de valor y, 3) la absorción de las capacidades individuales . Los resultados mostraron que las empresas encuestadas tenían un alto grado de relación de dominación con el medio ambiente.Palabras clave: Capacidad de absorción de conocimiento; el conocimiento; la comunicación con el ambiente externo. REFERÊNCIASCOHEN,W. M., LEVINTHAL, D. A. Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, v. 35: 128-152, 1990.CRADWELL, D. The Norton history of technology. London: Norton.1995.FELDMAN, M. S.; PENTLAND, B., T. Reconceptualizing organizational routines as a source of flexibility and change. Administrative Science quarterly, v. 48, n. 1, 94-118, 2003.FLATTEN, T.; BRETTEL, M.; ENGELEN, A.; GREVE G. A measure of absorptive capacity: Development and validation. Academy of Management Proceedings Volume: 2009, Publisher: Academy of Management, Pages: 1-7, 2009.GOES, J. B.; PARK, S. H. Interorganizational links and innovation: The case of hospital services. Academy of Management Journal, v. 40: 673-697, 1997.GREVE, H.R. Exploration and exploitation in product innovation. Industrial and Corporate Change, 1-31, may, 2007.HUBER, G. P. Organizational learning: The contributing processes and the literatures. Organization Science, v. 2:88-115, 1991.JANSEN, J.J.P., VAN DEN BOSCH, F.A.J.; VOLBERDA, H.W. Exploratory innovation, exploitative innovation, and performance: Effects of organizational antecedents and environmental moderators. Management Science, v. 52, 1661-74, 2006.KIM, L. Crisis construction and organizational leanirg: capability bulding in catchinp-up at HyaundayMotor. Organization Science, 9: 506-521, 1998.KOGUT, B.; ZANDER, U. Knowledge of the firm, combinative capacidades and the replication of technology. Organization Studies, v. 3, p. 383-397, 1992.KHOJA, F. AND MARANVILLE, S. How do firms nurture absorptive capacity? Journal of Managerial Issues, Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 262-278, 2010..LANE, P. J. LUBATKIN, M. Relative absorptive capacity and interorganizational learning. Strategic Management Journal, v.19, n. 5, 461-477. 1998.LEONARD-BARTON, D. Wellsprings of knowledge: Building and sustaining the source of innovation. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1995.MATUSIK, S.F.; HEELEY, M.B. Absorptive capacity in the software industry: Identifying factors that affect knowledge and knowledge creation activities. Journal of Management, v. 31, n.4, p. 549-572, 2005.MATUSIK, S. F.; HILL, C.W. L. The utilization of contingent work, knowledge creation, and competitive advantage., Academy of Management Review, v. 23: 680-697, 1998.NONAKA, I. A dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation. Organization Science, v. 5: 14-37, 1994.NONAKA, I. TAKEUCHI, H. The knowledge-creating company: How japanese companies create the dynamics. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1995.ROSA, A. C. ; RUFFONI, Janaina . Mensuração da Capacidade Absortiva de Empresas que possuem Interação com Universidades. Economia e Desenvolvimento (Santa Maria), v. 26, p. 80-104, 2014.ROXAS, B. Clarifying the link between social capital and MSME innovation performance: the role of absorptive capacity, Asia-Pacific social science review, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 31-51, 2007.WAHYUNI, S.; SUDHARTIO, L. How to increase local partners' bargaining power and absorptive capacity in joint ventures? Global Management Journal. Vol. 2, n. 1, 86-93, 2010.ZAHRA, S. A., GEORGE, G. Absorptive capacity: A review, reconceptualization, and extension. Academy of Management Review, v. 27, n. 2, 185-203, 2002.ZANDER, U.; KOGUT, B. Knowledge and the speed of the transfer and imitation of organizational capabilities: An empirical test. Organization Science, v. 6, n. 1: 76-92, 1995. Disponível em:Url: http://opendepot.org/2720/ Abrir em (para melhor visualização em dispositivos móveis - Formato Flipbooks):Issuu / Calameo
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Dzhambov, Angel M. y Donka D. Dimitrova. "Evaluation of the social and economic burden of road traffic noise-attributed myocardial infarction in Bulgarian urban population / Procjena socijalnog i ekonomskog tereta infarkta miokarda povezanog s cestovnom bukom u bugarskog urbanog stanovništva". Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 66, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2015): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aiht-2015-66-2562.
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Abstract Road traffic noise is a widely studied environmental risk factor for ischaemic heart disease and myocardial infarction in particular. Given that myocardial infarction is a leading disability and mortality cause in Bulgaria and that a significant proportion of the urban population is exposed to high noise levels, quantification of the burden of disease attributable to traffic noise is essential for environmental health policy making and noise control engineering. This study aimed at estimating the burden of the myocardial infarction cases attributable to road traffic noise in the Bulgarian urban population. We used the methodology for estimating the burden of disease attributable to environmental noise outlined by the World Health Organization. Risk data were extracted from a recently published meta-analysis providing updated exposureresponse relationship between traffic noise and the risk for myocardial infarction. Based on these data we calculated the fraction of myocardial infarction cases attributable to traffic noise, loss of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and the economic burden, assuming € 12,000 per QALY. About 2.9 % or 101 of all myocardial infarction cases could be attributed to road traffic noise. Fifty-five of these were fatal. Nine hundred and sixty-eight QALYs were lost to these cases. The monetary value of these QALYs was about € 11.6 million. Although the measures used in this study are crude and give only an approximation of the real burden of disease from road traffic noise, they are indicative of the important social and economic aspect of noise pollution in Bulgaria. Hopefully, these results will direct the attention of epidemiologists, environmental hygienists, and health economists to this pivotal environmental issue.
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Isnawati, Isnawati. "CONTROL RECONSTRUCTION OF THE HOMELESS CHILDREN AS THE IMPACT OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN LAW PERSPECTIVE (A Study in Samarinda)". Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum 5, n.º 1 (1 de abril de 2018): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/jph.v5i1.2997.
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Homeless children as a social issue, especially in urban society, in the view of experts and related the organization and departments do not have a uniform similarity of opinion or definition for that matter. In this context, home less children are seen as a social Clearly a social problem that requires an Appropriate methods of settlement in accordance with the expectations of all stakeholders. The research method used a sociological Juridical approach by solving research problems using the data consisting of legal secondary materials or legal regulations used to implement the data to primary data. The results of the research are: 1) Factors that can influence the municipal government in tackling the problems of children who are abo ve the social environmental factors, the Community Culture, the Migration Factor The three factors are the reality that can not be avoided by the city g o v e r n m e n t t h a t will c a u s e t h e c hild homeless children in Samarinda City. 2) The legal Efforts undertaken by the municipality in a different context from the development undertaken by the Samarinda City Regulation No. 16 of 2002 are not yet applicable, with the improvement of the Samarinda City Regulation No. 7 of 2017 the which is implemented a development w ith the current realities
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Radbil, T. B. "Active Processes in the Syntax of Modern Russian Speech in the Aspect of Linguo-Semiotic and Linguo-Cognitive Interpretation". Critique and Semiotics 39, n.º 1 (2021): 127–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2307-1737-2021-1-127-144.
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The paper examines the ways of implementation and syntactic organization of the discourse of the Russian segment of the Internet as a syncretic phenomenon that organically combines the principles of actualizing oral and written forms of communication. The methods of linguosemiotic and linguo-cognitive analysis of discourse as an information flow, based on the ideas of Yu. S. Stepanov, V. Z. Demyankov, U. Chafe and others are applied in the work. The research material is text data extracted from the Russian National Corpus and obtained by the method of continuous sampling based on the results of the author’s own Internet monitoring. The study shows that the syntax of Internet speech is not reduced to the process of hybridization of traditionally existing oral and written forms of language existence. In the usus of the information environment of the informal Internet, their own norms are developed, which are organic for the conditions of communication offered in this environment. The specific role of syntactic models of parcelling, segmentation, stringing techniques, graphic abbreviations, and other paraverbal means in informal Internet communication is analyzed. Also, special attention is paid to the originality of the punctuation design of speech on the Internet, the emergence of new punctuation norms. The author came at a conclusion that the Internet discourse is a new equal third form of language existence, along with the traditionally distinguished oral and written forms.
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Kartono, Pujangga Putra y Dorien Kartikawangi. "The implementation of public organization communication and its long-term effect on corporate image: A literature review of PT Astra Honda Motor". Digital Press Social Sciences and Humanities 1 (2018): 00011. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/digitalpress.41230.
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<p class="Abstract"><span lang="EN-GB">PT Astra Honda Motor (AHM) is the top motorcycle production company in Indonesia with total share market above 70</span><span lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="EN-GB">% nationally with distribution volume approximately 6 </span>000 000<span lang="EN-GB"> unit</span>s<span lang="EN-GB"> each year. This growth creates new problems in the society such as increasing number of the road accident, many motorcycle users disobey traffic laws and the increase of underage motorcycle users. This condition is interesting to observe as for how PT AHM do their public organization communication to overcome the rising issues in society. </span>2 Organization Communication theories are used to <span lang="EN-GB">strengthen this review, </span>they are 1) p<span lang="EN-GB">ublic </span>o<span lang="EN-GB">rganization </span>c<span lang="EN-GB">ommunication and </span>2) o<span lang="EN-GB">rganization </span>d<span lang="EN-GB">evelopment and </span>c<span lang="EN-GB">hange. These theories become the basis to see how PT AHM internally manage their communication to create an impactful message to their customer and public audience. Based on review to the company, it is found that PT AHM is active and consistent in running their public organization communication. One of their campaign that has been running is </span>“<span lang="EN-GB">One Heart</span>”<span lang="EN-GB"> or more known as </span>“<span lang="EN-GB"><i>Satu Hati</i></span>”<span lang="EN-GB"> campaign. All the campaigns and communications did help PT AHM to avoid accusations of the cause of negative effects of high motorcycle production. </span>U<span lang="EN-GB">ntil now, they remain the market leader in national motorcycle market share</span>.<o:p></o:p></p>
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Chang, Soo-Eun, Ralph N. Ohde y Edward G. Conture. "Coarticulation and Formant Transition Rate in Young Children Who Stutter". Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 45, n.º 4 (agosto de 2002): 676–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2002/054).
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The purpose of this study was to assess anticipatory coarticulation and second formant (F2) transition rate (FTR) of speech production in young children who stutter (CWS) and who do not stutter (CWNS). Fourteen CWS and 14 age- and gender-matched CWNS in three age groups (3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds) participated in a picture-naming task that elicited single-word utterances. The initial consonant-vowel (CV) syllables of these utterances, comprising either bilabial [b m] or alveolar [d n s z] consonants and a number of vowels [i I e ε æ u o @αI α@], were used for acoustic analysis. To assess coarticulation and speech movement velocity, the F2 onset frequency and F2 vowel target frequency (for coarticulation) and FTR (for speech movement velocity) were computed for each CV syllable and for each participant. Based on these measures, locus equation statistics of slope, y-intercept, and standard error of estimate as well as the FTR were analyzed. Findings revealed a significant main effect for place of articulation and a significantly larger difference in FTR between the two places of articulation for CWNS than for CWS. Findings suggest that the organization of the FTR production for place of articulation may not be as contrastive or refined in CWS as in CWNS, a subtle difficulty in the speed of speech-language production, which may contribute to the disruption of their speech fluency.
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PEJANOVIĆ, Ljubo, Stevan STOJANOVIĆ, Jovana RISTIĆ y Nenad STOJANOVIĆ. "MANAGEMENT AND COMMUNICATION WITH FORCES AND RESOURCESIN THE EMERGENCE OF CRISES AND DISASTERS IN THE BALKANS REGION". Social Communications: Theory and Practice 12, n.º 1 (20 de julio de 2021): 128–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.51423/2524-0471-2020-12-1-3.
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n this work, special attention is paid to the problem, risk management, risk and crisis management forces and mutual communication in the Balkan region. Management and communication refers to Pejanović, L., Stojanović, S., Ristić, J.Stojanović, N. (2021). Management and Communication with Forces and Resourcesin the Emergence of Crises and Disasters in the Balkans Region.Social Communications: Theory and Practice, Vol. 12(1), 128–139.DOI: 10.51423/2524-0471-2020-12-1-32eISSN 2522-9125 pISSN 2524-0471https://new.comteka.com.ua/security forces, rescue teams and social communications. Thus, for all mentioned, destructive analyzes were used, as well as methods of analysis and content, related to the posed problem of wider-destructive proportions. In this regard, the set problems, management and communication in the occurrence or occurrence of caused threats, risks threats and crises, as well as possible consequences for lives, health and values in the region, are described and explained. It is also envisagedfor the identification and explanation of risks, threats and possible crises, both in communications and actions in combating threats. The aim of this theoretical work is to point out and prove reliable assessments and analyzes of threats, risks, and thus crises, both in risks, catastrophes and in communications and activities. Also, the work will pay attention to the planning, organization and implementation of prevention and protection, critical infrastructure, which accepts and suffers threats, risks and crises, engaged forces to reduce threats in the Balkan Region. Our main goal, plan and idea is the research among the population, in order to get broader answers, and thereby confirming knowledge of the respondents regarding the management of forces, resources and communications. Further we will apply research methods and techniques related to threat, risk, consequence and disaster management. In addition to the mentioned, methods and techniques of finding out possible and potential impacts on climate change and their consequences also are planned and will be applied. Through this article,the research aims to find out about the potential risk to the forces and means used, as well as all other participants in protection and rescue. It is also necessary to define and conceptually determine all threats, risks, hazardous, dangers and consequences that may occur due to climate change and natural disasters.
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Cruz, Marlons Lino da, Antonio Marcos de Oliveira Siqueira, Israel Iasbik y José Damato Neto. "DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PRODUTOS DE FORMA EFICIENTE NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES ATUAIS". Journal of Engineering and Exact Sciences 4, n.º 4 (30 de octubre de 2018): 0450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18540/jcecvl4iss4pp0450-0454.
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A B S T R A C TDue to market and technological competition, today's organizations they need tools that yield sufficient benefits for their growth. The objective of this research is to present the importance of product development efficient in today's organizations. For this, it is considered that products are developed to meet the needs. Therefore, it should be considered that customers have a perception of value and different costs of each other's products and also of the organization. Then it is necessary to market research, which is the responsibility of Marketing, which provides the information needed for product development. At this stage, product ideas are generated and developed. After being executed and linked to the market, the whole cycle must be managed the longer the product, the better for the organization. The use of tools such as 4P's (product, price, promotion and square) assist in making decisions about what, when, how much and where to produce that will ensure for the production and, mainly to the clients, improvement of the quality of the offered products. Efficient product development results in better products at lower costs, to be produced and intended for the consumer, increased profits, sales, customer loyalty and new ones.R E S U M ODevido à concorrência mercadológica e tecnológica as organizações atuais necessitam de ferramentas que resultem em benefícios suficientes para o crescimento delas. O objetivo da pesquisa é apresentar a importância do desenvolvimento de produtos de forma eficiente nas organizações atuais. Para isso, considera-se que produtos são desenvolvidos para atender às necessidades. Portanto, deve-se considerar que os clientes têm percepção de valor e custo diferentes dos produtos uns dos outros e também da organização. Então é necessária a pesquisa de mercado, de responsabilidade do Marketing que, proporciona as informações necessárias para o desenvolvimento de produtos. Nessa etapa, ideias de produtos são geradas e desenvolvidas. Após serem executadas e laçadas ao mercado, deve-se gerenciar todo o ciclo de vida dos produtos, que quanto mais prolongado for, melhor para a organização. A utilização de ferramentas, como, por exemplo, os 4P’s (produto, preço, promoção e praça) auxiliam na tomada de decisões sobre o que, quando, quanto e onde produzir que garantirão para a produção e, principalmente aos clientes, melhoria da qualidade dos produtos ofertados. O desenvolvimento de produtos eficiente resulta em produtos melhores, com menores custos, rápidos de serem produzidos e destinados ao consumidor, aumento dos lucros, das vendas, fidelização de clientes e conquista de novos.