Artículos de revistas: "Perfume"

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Filiptsova, Olga, Olexander Bashura, Olga Naboka, Oleksandra Kran, Maksym Almakaiev, Halyna Kukhtenko, Tetiana Martyniuk y Yuliia Osypenko. "Some biological, behavioral and social aspects of the perfumery use in the Ukrainian population sample (part 1. age associations)". ScienceRise: Biological Science, n.º 4(33) (30 de diciembre de 2022): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2519-8025.2022.271043.

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The aim. The study encompassed some aspects related to perfumes use, which can potentially influence the individual perfume choice, in particular, among different age groups of the Ukrainian population. Factors related to perfumes choice, the state of awareness of respondents regarding quality, safety, and existing stereotypes regarding the characteristics of perfumes and potential harmful effects on the human body were investigated. Materials and methods. The analysis was performed on a sample of 124 residents of Ukraine. Respondents, who were randomly selected, were offered a questionnaire, developed by us, which included 15 items on the demographic characteristics of the subjects and questions related to the perfume use of and stereotypes about them. The Pearson chi-squared (χ2) test was used to analyze the relationships between qualitative characteristics. Results and discussion. About 98 % of surveyed persons in Ukraine use perfumery. Associations were found between age and the probability of purchase by the study participants of non-original perfume products and awareness of the safety of various perfume products. It has been established, that the determining factors when choosing a perfume is a certain scent, while the brand is given secondary importance. An increase in the effect of the brand in older age groups of the population has been demonstrated. Behavioral features of perfume use have been established: in younger women, it is associated with increased self-esteem and the influence of social networks, with age, the focus shifts to the desire for a positive effect on the mood from the use of a certain fragrance. However, in all age groups, the main purpose of perfume using was to improve the emotional state. Middle-aged women are more democratic in choosing perfumery with a specific gender orientation. Conclusions. For the first time in Ukraine, a pilot study was conducted to find possible associations between some biological, behavioral and demographic characteristics and the perfume use. Such factors as age and education level are promising for further analysis of the selected issues

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Zawisławska, Magdalena y Marta Falkowska. "Metaphors in Polish, English, Russian, and French perfumery discourse". Metaphor and the Social World 11, n.º 1 (8 de septiembre de 2021): 143–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.19006.zaw.

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Abstract This paper examines metaphors in perfume reviews in four languages, namely Polish, English, Russian, and French. Some typical features of the perfumery discourse, similar across the four languages, have been highlighted, such as clustering, extension, and mixing metaphors. The authors also discuss the most typical schemata used in the conceptualization of perfumes. Although the analyzed texts exhibit a certain similarity, a statistical analysis of the reviews identifies some interesting discrepancies between the languages, that is: unequal distribution of metaphorical types, preferences in usage of perceptual and non-perceptual source frames, and variance in perfume conceptualization (perfume is a woman vs. perfume is a man).

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Qolbiah, Defy Lukbatul, Abd Charis Fauzan y Tito Prabowo. "Penerapan Metode Weighted Product Berbasis Visualisasi Graph Database dalam Merekomendasikan Parfum Isi Ulang". Jurnal Sistem Komputer dan Informatika (JSON) 4, n.º 4 (30 de junio de 2023): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.30865/json.v4i4.6181.

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Perfume is useful for increasing self-confidence, creating satisfaction, eliminating bad odors, and making self-assessment more attractive. Refill perfumes are made from certain perfume seeds dissolved in a suitable solvent. Perfume has many types and strengths of aroma, but there are obstacles when people want to choose the desired perfume scent. This problem becomes research material because it is expected that this problem can be solved. To determine perfume recommendations, it is calculated using the Weighted Product method and visualized using a graph database. In the Neo4j Graph Database visualization, the perfume category and perfume name are used as nodes and the ranking results are used as edges. From the ranking results using the Weighted Product method, 21 perfumes for each category are entered into the Graph Database visualization and a total of 63 perfumes will appear in the perfume recommendation system.Refill perfume is a perfume made from certain perfume seeds dissolved in the appropriate solvent.

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Rodrigues, Alírio E., Idelfonso Nogueira y Rui P. V. Faria. "Perfume and Flavor Engineering: A Chemical Engineering Perspective". Molecules 26, n.º 11 (22 de mayo de 2021): 3095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113095.

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In the last two decades, scientific methodologies for the prediction of the design, performance and classification of fragrance mixtures have been developed at the Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering. This review intends to give an overview of such developments. It all started with the question: what do we smell? The Perfumery Ternary Diagram enables us to determine the dominant odor for each perfume composition. Evaporation and 1D diffusion model is analyzed based on vapor-liquid equilibrium and Fick’s law for diffusion giving access to perfume performance parameters. The effect of matrix and skin is addressed and the trail of perfumes analyzed. Classification of perfumes with the perfumery radar is discussed. The methodology is extended to flavor and taste engineering. Finally, future research directions are suggested.

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Filiptsova, Olga, Olga Naboka, Svitlana Bobro, Olexander Bashura y Yuliia Osypenko. "Some biological, behavioral and social aspects of the perfumery use in the Ukrainian population sample (Part 2. Education level associations)". ScienceRise: Biological Science, n.º 1(34) (31 de marzo de 2023): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2519-8025.2023.277216.

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The aim. The study represents a continuation of the previous one, and provide various aspects related to the use of perfumery, which can be characterized by certain associations with the education level of Ukrainian consumers. Factors that have direct or indirect biological and medical significance and, accordingly, may have a potential impact on the safety of the perfume products use by humans, were selected for the analysis. Materials and methods. The analysis included information about 124 individuals living in Ukraine. The respondents answered the questions of the questionnaire developed regarding some aspects of the perfumery use. The Pearson chi-squared (χ2) test was used to analyze the relationships between qualitative characteristics. Results and discussion. Most of the studied aspects related to the perfumes use demonstrate associations, caused by the dependence of the education level on age. The analysis revealed that individuals with any education most often (about half of the cases or more) choose a perfume based on its scent. The study showed that the majority of respondents believe that the price of a perfume depends on a combination of factors, namely the composition of the products, the brand and the cost of the packaging. More than 80 % of people, regardless of the education level, believe that the persistence of a perfume is definitely a sign of quality. The most common opinion among people of all education levels was that non-original perfumes can have a more negative effect on people's health than original products. The "lipstick effect" in relation to perfume products (demand for items of "affordable luxury" in times of economic crises and wars) was observed. Conclusions. The study supplemented the previously found associations of age and some biological and behavioral aspects of perfume use among the population of Ukraine with data on the presence or absence of such associations in relation to the education level

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Briot, Eugénie. "From Industry to Luxury: French Perfume in the Nineteenth Century". Business History Review 85, n.º 2 (2011): 273–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007680511000389.

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The production of perfumery articles became an industry in the nineteenth century, and their broader social diffusion invites questions about the accuracy of perfume's identification at that time as a luxury product. The innovations generated or adopted by perfumers, whether they involved new extraction methods or the use of synthetic compounds, not only introduced new creative possibilities but also allowed wider margins on sales. The shift from artisanal fabrication to industrial manufacturing accompanied relatively steep increases in the price of perfumes. Nineteenth-century perfumers developed marketing strategies to build the value of their products and to position them as luxury goods.

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Ahmad Mazahar, Mohd Alif Haikal y Juliana Jumal. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Perfumery Application of Acetal Derivatives of 2-Methyl-3-(4-R-Phenyl) Propanal: A Short Review". Malaysian Journal of Science Health & Technology 9, n.º 1 (11 de abril de 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/mjosht.v9i1.321.

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Perfumes and fragrances are seen as an essential part of life in many countries, and many men and women use perfumes regularly. Originally, the perfume ingredients were derived from natural sources such as essential oils. However, these natural ingredients encountered challenges, such as poor crop quality, a limited supply of supplies, or difficulties using plant or animal extracts. Hence, with the development of synthetic organic chemistry in the 19th century, many ingredients were produced synthetically, resulting from the creativity of laboratory chemists, and used in today’s perfumes. Acetal is one of the synthetic aromatic chemicals used as ingredients in perfume nowadays. This paper review focuses on synthesis and characterization techniques for analyzing acetal derivatives of 2-methyl-3- (4-R-phenyl)propanal and their perfumery application, such as odor characteristics.

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Krishnamoorthi, Kavitha y Srinivasan Jagannathan. "Study on the Effects of Perfume on the Mechanical and Colour Properties of Silk Fabrics". Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 25 (31 de diciembre de 2017): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.5377.

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Perfumes are generally used to enhance the attitude of the person. Deodorants and perfumes are designed to be applied directly to the skin. Some people with sensitive skin may find that their skin does get irritated if they use too much perfume and hence apply perfume directly to their clothes. Silk is one of the most luxurious fabrics and is used on all occasions. If perfume is applied directly on fabric, it may cause a stain or discoloration and may spoil a costly garment. Although there is a study on the effect of perfume on cotton fabrics, there is no study about the effect of perfume on silk fabrics in the literature. Therefore this study aims to investigate the effects of perfume on dyed silk fabrics and is the first work on this subject. Mechanical properties like tensile strength, pilling and abrasion resistance were investigated, and the change in colour under washing, dry cleaning and perspiration were recorded.

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Barbosa, Belem, Mehdi Mahdavi, ZaÃla Oliveira y Valentina Chkoniya. "Buying Perfume in the Digital Age: A Study on E-Shoppers’ Perceptions and Typologies". Asian Journal of Business and Accounting 14, n.º 1 (29 de junio de 2021): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/ajba.vol14no1.1.

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Manuscript type: Research paper Research aims: This study aims to shed light on the factors that facilitate online purchase of perfume. It specifically: 1) explores the antecedents of online purchase behaviour in the case of experience goods; 2) analyses the motivations, perceived benefits and perceived risks associated with online purchase of perfume; and 3) identifies perfume e-shoppers’ profiles. Design/Methodology/Approach: A qualitative research approach involving interviewing 27 perfume e-shoppers from Brazil, Iran and Portugal was adopted. Research findings: The findings of this study reveal that there are three types of perfume e-shoppers: 1) experienced e-shoppers, 2) bargain e-seekers, and 3) expert e-shoppers. Competitive prices, enjoyable online experiences and greater varieties of perfumes are among the perceived benefits that motivate the online shoppers. The inability to test the perfumes, particularly those that are never tried before, appears to be the major drawback. Theoretical contribution/Originality: This study provides interesting cues on a topic that has so far been disregarded by the literature despite its growing importance as a business sector—online purchase of perfumes. It offers the categorisation of three e-shopper profiles, based on consumers’ narratives, and highlighted the importance of further addressing the dynamic nature of consumer behaviours, particularly in the online context. Practitioner/Policy implications: The findings show that the main trigger of buying perfume online is the price discounts, which is particularly important to less experienced Web shoppers. This indicates that experience goods such as perfume should, at the initial stage, be sold in stores that offer an assortment of products. Online perfume stores should consider alternatives to provide perfume testing. Research limitation/Implications: Purposive sampling does not allow results’ generalisation; hence future research is needed to further validate the findings.

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Krishnamoorthi, Kavitha y Srinivasan Jagannathan. "A test method for evaluation of colourfastness of textiles to perfumes". International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 30, n.º 2 (16 de abril de 2018): 235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-06-2017-0075.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a laboratory-based test method to evaluate colourfastness of silk fabrics when perfumes are applied on it. Design/methodology/approach Three different simple methods like simple spray method, rubbing and perspirometer were used. In simple spray method, standard quantity was sprayed from constant distance. In rubbing fastness tester, perfume sprayed fabric was subjected to rubbing. Similarly, perfume sprayed fabric was kept in perspirometer similar to perspiration fastness testing method. As a new method, perfume applied fabric was again treated with perspiration solution and colour change and staining were observed. Findings On comparing the different methods, it is suggested that method using fabric applied with both perfume and perspiration solution kept in perspirometer will simulate actual wearing condition and will give the actual effect of Perfume on fabric colour. Originality/value So far, no standard method is available. Hence, this test method will enable fabric manufacturers, perfume manufacturers and customers to be aware of effect of perfumes on fabric colour and aesthetics.

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Alrasheed, Meshael, Omar Albalawi, Mohammed Aljallal y Amani S. Alqahtani. "Prevalence and Risk Factors of Self-Reported Perfume Sensitivity in Saudi Arabia". Healthcare 9, n.º 10 (22 de septiembre de 2021): 1248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9101248.

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Perfumes are widely used products; however, several fragrance substances used in perfuming are well-established allergenic substances and have been attributed to various adverse health reactions. The nature and significance of perfume sensitivity reactions have not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the prevalence, nature, and associated risk factors of self-reported perfume sensitivity among the general population in Saudi Arabia. A nationally representative cross-sectional study was conducted among adults in Saudi Arabia in October 2020. Significant associated risk factors were explored using multivariate regression analyses. A total of 1078 participants completed the survey, with a mean age of 36.7 years (SD ± 10.36). Perfume sensitivity reactions were reported in 14.6% of participants. From among these participants, 17.8% reported moderate to severe reactions. Respiratory and skin symptoms were the most reported reactions, with total rates of 40.1% and 35.7%, respectively. History of asthma (OR = 3.2, 95%CI 1.88–4.37, p < 0.001) and the use of counterfeit perfume products (OR = 1.9, 95%CI 1.23–2.94, p < 0.003) were significantly associated with a higher risk of perfume sensitivity. Our study revealed that a considerable number of the general population in Saudi Arabia has experienced adverse health reactions due to perfume products. The enormous volume of the perfume market thus necessitates further quantitative analysis studies to determine the presence of allergenic fragrance substances in perfumes.

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Benea-Popusoi, Elina y Amalia Jilca. "PERFUMES MANUFACTURING AS PART OF THE CREATIVE INDUSTRIES: ITS GLOBAL AND LOCAL ECONOMIC IMPACT". Economica, n.º 3(121) (diciembre de 2022): 25–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/econ.2022.121.025.

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The article approaches the production of perfumes as part of the creative industries and its evolution. We investigated the international economic stakes of perfume production, showing that global perfume exports have exhibited a sinusoidal evolution in recent years. We presented the evolution of perfume exports, as well as the Export Potential Indicator with reference to countries and export markets. The local economic stakes were exposed through the lens of supply and value chains, showing the direct, indirect and induced economic impact of the perfume industry. We addressed the ethical and economic concerns related to animal testing in the perfume production process. The case study on the Joint Stock Company “Viorica-Cosmetic” elucidated the local impact of the perfume industry in the Republic of Moldova. We analysed the evolution of the company's economic performance indicators.

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Ou, Cheng-Chieh y Shu-Hui Chuang. "Exploring the Factors that Influence Consumers to Purchase Perfume Products". International Journal of Professional Business Review 8, n.º 5 (24 de mayo de 2023): e01310. http://dx.doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i5.1310.

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Purpose: This paper mainly focuses on the perfume products as research objective and aims to investigate the relationship between personality traits, conformity, perception of perfume’s usefulness and purchase intention. Theoretical framework: With the rapid growth on economic development, consumers’ awareness of perfume is gradually increasing. Numerous customers are beginning to have an interest in perfume products and willing to purchase them. Design/methodology/approach: This study explores consumers who have an interest in perfume products as research object and collects a total of 176 valid questionnaires by surveying. Findings: Through statistical analysis, these results suggest that consumer’s personality traits directly affect the perception of perfume’s usefulness, as well as their purchase intention. Research, Practical & Social implications: This study concludes that conformity has a significant influence on the purchase intention. Originality/value: Recent trends in preference for perfume even higher than other similar products such as cosmetics products or beauty care products. However, far too little attention has been paid to perfume products.

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Widyani, Stefani Adelia y Febri Noor Hediati. "Perlindungan Hukum Indonesia Bagi Pemegang Hak Atas Pencantuman Merek Terkenal Pada Parfum Lokal". SAPIENTIA ET VIRTUS 9, n.º 1 (1 de abril de 2024): 398–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.37477/sev.v9i1.544.

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A form of preventive protection against the inclusion of well-known perfume brands on local perfumes is the existence of regulations in the form of provisions in Articles in Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Brands and Geographical Indications. Apart from that, the regulations include registration and licensing which also includes forms of preventive protection. A form of repressive protection for the owner of a famous perfume is in the form of a claim for compensation or termination of all actions related to the use of the brand or based on criminal prosecution through law enforcement officials. Owners of well-known foreign perfume brands are required to register their brands in Indonesia using the International Registration method according toMadrid Protocol as previously explained. After that, we will enter into a licensing agreement with a local perfume owner who wants to list a famous perfume brand in Indonesia.

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Wu, Zekai. "Research on the Marketing Strategy of Perfumes of Luxury Brands - Taking Dior and Guerlain as Examples". Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 53, n.º 1 (1 de diciembre de 2023): 168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/53/20230820.

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In recent years, the perfume industry has developed rapidly in the domestic market. For different brands, they will have their own unique marketing methods and strategies. This made this study curious because the perfume market in China is also gradually emerging, and many of Chinas own perfume brands are beginning to emerge. I think the analysis of successful marketing cases of old luxury brands can help our brand and provide some marketing ideas and experience. This study can also take this marketing strategy as the basis to compare Guerlain and Diors marketing methods to find the possibility of mutual improvement and progress so as to make perfume marketing go further. At the same time, because perfume is a very subjective product due to the differences in culture and customs, this study can also properly analyze the differences between hot perfumes at home and abroad and whether the consumer groups who buy perfume are the same, so as to find a more suitable marketing method for the domestic market.

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Renaldi, Udi, Mudofar Baehaqi y Deni Wachyudin. "Design of Device for Detecting Alcohol Content in Perfume Using the MQ-3 Sensor: Case Studies on Various Perfume Brands". Mestro: Jurnal Teknik Mesin dan Elektro 3, n.º 01 (15 de junio de 2021): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.47685/mestro.v4i01.380.

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Perfume oils have become a popular consumer product worldwide. The use of perfume oil is not only related to a personal need to smell good, but is also part of one's culture and identity. One of the main components in perfume oil is alcohol, which serves as a solvent to transport and evaporate fragrances. Alcohol is a common ingredient used in the manufacture of perfumes and can affect the quality and characteristics of the fragrance. Therefore, it is important to monitor the level of alcohol in perfume. In this research, we designed and developed a device for detecting alcohol content in perfume using the MQ-3 sensor. The main objective of this research is to obtain accurate data on alcohol content in various perfume brands on the market. This research consists of several stages. First, we selected and collected various perfume brands as samples. Then, we designed an electronic circuit consisting of an MQ-3 sensor, an Arduino microcontroller, and an LCD brightness module as a display interface. The results showed that the designed detector was able to measure the alcohol content in perfume with sufficient accuracy. In our case study, we found variations in alcohol content between different perfume brands. The result of the measurement is that the farther the measurement distance, the smaller the value of the sensor reading. Every vulnerable distance of 1cm has a difference of 45% - 50%.

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Virginás, Péter. "Liquid Wardrobes and Sensing: A Phenomenological Approach to Digital Perfume Communities". Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Social Analysis 12, n.º 1 (1 de noviembre de 2022): 113–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aussoc-2022-0006.

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Abstract The fact that perfumes have been regarded as enhancing one’s appearance opens up questions about knowing and wearing fragrances. The connections between fragrances and fashion are being reviewed first according to the notion of embodiment as applied to the understanding of clothing fashion (Entwistle 2000, 2015); then, the lens of “mediatization”, as applied by Rocamora (2017) to grasp the contemporary entanglement of fashion and digital media, further serves to turn to digital perfume communities. These constitute an essential resource to the extent that they share experiences while producing data about wearing and collecting fragrances. By tracing the recent insurgence of perfume criticism and by mapping certain techniques of entering into relation with fragrances through community members’ perfume reviews as well, the study argues that their idiosyncratic and often artistic language is countering the impersonal language of perfume advertising; ultimately, the study suggests unravelling perfume consumption patterns via an aesthetics of attention.

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Sena, Taisa Vieira. "A moda e os perfumes na publicidade". dObra[s] – revista da Associação Brasileira de Estudos de Pesquisas em Moda 6, n.º 13 (24 de enero de 2013): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.26563/dobras.v6i13.144.

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O universo do perfume está intimamente ligado [ 1 0 9 ] à moda. Neste artigo, analisamos essa relação a partir de uma perspectiva cultural, na qual ocorre a tradução das qualidades olfativas do perfume e do mundo mítico da marca para o anúncio publicitário, tendo como pressuposto que a experiência estética e estésica proposta nos textos sincréticos das publicidades de perfume produzem estados de alma que presentificam e animam o desejo do sujeito de se perfumar.

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Rosales Martínez, Antonio y Ignacio Rodríguez-García. "Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange in Ambrox Could Improve the Long-Term Scent and Shelf Life of Perfumes". Processes 11, n.º 8 (5 de agosto de 2023): 2358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11082358.

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Ambrox is a marine natural compound with a delicious ambergris-type scent widely used in fine perfumery. The increase in the long-term scent and shelf life of perfumes has become a paramount endeavor in the fragrance industry. To the best of our knowledge, the exchange of hydrogen by deuterium to decrease the volatility of the constituents of a perfume has not yet been investigated. In this article, we propose this new use of deuteration to synthesize deuterated ambrox in order to decrease its volatility and improve the long-term scent and extend the shelf-life of perfumes.

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Benan, Rochele Yao S., Shariya Mei L. Pedro, Rimson George A. Ba-oy, Trisha Mhae L. Pilay, Christian Yoshua D. Sacramento, Benjamin A. Litusquen, Honey Khylle W. Dimatulac y Aubrae Frances E. Bannawi. "FORMULATION OF SOLID PERFUME FROM LOCALLY AVAILABLE CHRYSANTHEMUM X MORIFOLIUM (GARDEN CHRYSANTHEMUM) AND THEOBROMA OIL". International Journal of Innovation and Industrial Revolution 6, n.º 16 (12 de marzo de 2024): 110–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijirev.616008.

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Chrysanthemums have a vast supply of cut flowers but limited use in the farming industry. This is a serious issue that every farmer experiences during harvest. As a result, a formulation of solid perfume from garden chrysanthemums may provide a remedy for this issue. This research aims to create a solid perfume from locally accessible Chrysanthemum x morifolium (Garden Chrysanthemum) and Theobroma oil. The researchers employed Rotary Evaporation to extract essential oils from Garden Chrysanthemum petals and formulate a solid perfume from cocoa butter, beeswax, avocado, and Garden Chrysanthemum oil at the University of Baguio. The formulated solid perfumes underwent tests for their homogenous, hardness/strength, pH, and organoleptic properties. Where the results showed that the three formulations were homogenous, the different concentrations affected the physical appearance of the solid perfume.

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Twomey, Lesley. "Perfumes and perfume-making in the Celestina". Bulletin of Hispanic Studies 86, n.º 1 (enero de 2009): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bhs.0.0019.

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Rukh, Mah, Aqsa Naeem, Syed Bilal Hussain y Muhammad Imran Qadir. "Relation between Blood in Urine and Perfume Allergy". Irish Interdisciplinary Journal of Science & Research 06, n.º 03 (2022): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.46759/iijsr.2022.6304.

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Some people love fragrance as it makes them feel good. They are more likely to use perfumes on daily basis regardless of their mild allergies to scents. This study relates the relation between blood in urine and perfume allergy. Hematuria is a condition in which blood releases from body with urine. When we see blood in our urine this condition is called gross hematuria and when we can’t see the blood in urine with our naked eye it is known as microscopic hematuria. The other risk factors are age, infection and family history. Main symptoms of this disease are nausea, vomiting, fever, chills and pain in abdomen or back. Patients of hematuria often have normal renal function. Perfume allergy is caused by different chemicals which cause diseases in specific host. Perfumes have certain chemicals that can even penetrate our delicate skin. These chemicals then provoke our immune system and a storm of such response results in what we call as allergy. Headache, sneezing is a common symptom in this disease. 60% males have blood in urine and have perfume allergy while 53.75% females have blood in urine and have perfume allergy.

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Mahajan, Vikram K. "Perfumes and associated allergens: A brief review". Cosmoderma 2 (23 de febrero de 2022): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/csdm_9_2022.

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A perfume (Latin, perfumare for smoke through) is essentially a cosmetic product to be used on the human body for its pleasing scent to mask body odor and have a feeling of freshness. A perfume is composed of fragrances which are aromatic compounds and essential oils, and solvents and fixatives. These fragrances are chemicals or are derived mostly from botanical sources. A perfume that usually consists of a few to hundreds of fragrance materials remains a major source of contact allergy from them. Everyone comes in contact with fragrance materials in daily life either directly from the application of a product to the skin, mostly cosmetics, or occasionally after contact with fragrance-containing household or other personal care products. Cosmetics and personal care products such as personal perfume(s), deodorant, aftershave lotion/gel, eau de cologne, and eau de toilette with the highest ever concentrations of fragrances remain the major source of contact sensitivity from fragrances. The adverse effects associated with the use of perfumes are both allergic and irritant contact dermatitis, pigmented contact dermatitis, phototoxicity and photoallergy, and contact urticaria. Systemic toxicity may also occur following inhalation and ingestion of fragrance(s) causing respiratory illness, headache, and attacks of migraine. However, allergic contact dermatitis and pigmented contact dermatitis remain by far the commonest cutaneous adverse effects. Colophony, Myroxylon pereirae, lanolin, formaldehyde, vanillin, musk mix, rose oil, cetostearyl alcohol, and more than 160 fragrances, both single and complex mixtures of chemicals (methyl ionones), or essential oils (Evernia furfuracea (treemoss) extract, E. prunastri (oakmoss) extract, Ferula galbaniflua gum, Narcissus poeticus flower extract, and Viola odorata leaf extract) have caused cosmetic contact sensitivity in most instances. Ylang-ylang oil, jasmine absolute, Cananga oil, benzyl salicylate, hydroxyl citronellal, sandalwood, and geraniol are common fragrances to cause pigmentary changes. This review highlights the composition of perfumes and constituent fragrances identified commonly as allergens. A brief insight is also provided for the diagnosis of allergic contact sensitivity from fragrances and present safety regulatory status.

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Griffiths, David E. "Psi-Screen, an In Vitro Toxicity Test System: Applications in the Bioassay of Perfumes and Fragrance Chemicals". Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 33, n.º 5 (octubre de 2005): 471–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119290503300506.

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The effects of 65 perfume formulations (perfume oils, perfumes, eau de parfum, eau de toilette) on mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and mitochondrial respiration have been investigated using a mitochondria-based assay for ΔΨm, termed Psi-Screen. All the perfume formulations tested are highly active in the Psi-Screen assay, and the major site of inhibition in all cases is NADH-ubiquinone reductase (Complex I). This is confirmed in studies on the inhibition of NADH oxidase and NADH-ubiquinone reductase. Some formulations also inhibit succinate oxidation at either Complex II or Complex III. Evidence for the inhibition of mitochondrial ATPase is presented, as well as for the induction of reactive oxygen species production by perfume inhibition of Complex I. Thus, perfume formulations are multiple inhibitor mixtures which inhibit multiple bioenergetic functions at high dilutions (103 to 7 × 104). The implications of these findings are discussed with respect to cell toxicity via necrosis and/or apoptosis. Twenty candidate fragrance chemicals were investigated and all inhibited Complex I (5 at < 35μM). Mass screening strategies and high-throughput screening assays are discussed.

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Putri, Tanti Amarta. "perspective of ethanol as a lawful component in alcohol-based perfumes through fiqh and science point of view". Journal of halal product and research 5, n.º 1 (21 de junio de 2022): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jhpr.vol.5-issue.1.38-42.

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The COVID-19 pandemic forces citizens of Indonesia to live off micro, small, and medium enterprises (SME’s) as a way to earn money. Looking at the reality around us, SME’s that thrive are ones that sell food and drinks, although perfumery can also be easily found. However, a problem emerges from this. Being a country with mostly Muslim citizens, citizens become more worried and need reassurance that what they are faced with is a permissible (halal) product. Not only do they insist on the sellers, but these citizens also need the government to inspect the sale of alcohol-based perfumes. This article collects and composes data with an article or journal reviewing method and the guidance of certified scholars. Therefore, it is important to discover the permissibility of alcohol-based products used for external use, such as perfume, from fiqh and science. It was found that the composition of perfume is not khamr thus not filthy (najs) to be worn.

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Drejslarová, Iva, Tomáš Ječmen y Petr Hodek. "Interaction of Perfumes with Cytochrome P-450 19". Cosmetics 11, n.º 2 (23 de febrero de 2024): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics11020033.

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Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes play a key role in the metabolism of foreign compounds and in the biosynthesis and catabolism of endogenous substances, including hormones. The activity of these enzymes can be affected by various xenobiotics, such as pollutants, food constituents, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetic products, which can disrupt the endocrine system by interfering with steroidogenic CYPs. CYP19, also known as aromatase, is a crucial enzyme for testosterone conversion into 17β-estradiol, which is the final step in estrogen biosynthesis. Endocrine disruptors have the potential to inhibit CYP19 activity, leading to an imbalance in estrogen levels in the body. This imbalance can impair reproduction and cause osteoporosis, atherosclerosis, dementia, and some types of cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of commercially available perfumes on testosterone aromatization to 17β-estradiol. For this purpose, we used high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection and HPLC coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) to examine CYP19 activity with and without perfume. The results showed that all perfumes tested (in a 300-fold dilution) had an inhibitory effect on this enzyme-catalyzed reaction, particularly the Montale® fragrance, ‘Intense Roses Musk’, which decreased 17β-estradiol production by 88% in comparison with the control. Upon exposure to UV light, the inhibitory effect of this perfume did not decrease. But exposure to UV light significantly increased the inhibitory capacity of another perfume with a weak baseline inhibitory effect. To ascertain whether this inhibition was caused by CYP19 interactions with perfumes, we measured the catalytic activity of NADPH:cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CYPOR), the CYP reaction partner, with one selected perfume, ‘Intense Roses Musk’ by Montale®, and found no significant CYPOR inhibition. Accordingly, the decrease in testosterone conversion into 17β-estradiol caused by this perfume derives solely from CYP19. Combined, our findings highlight the importance of testing perfumes rather than single ingredients to determine their potential for adverse effects and to ensure consumer safety because their mixtures can interfere with a key enzyme of estrogen biosynthesis.

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Guéguen, Nicolas. "Effect of a Perfume on Prosocial Behavior of Pedestrians". Psychological Reports 88, n.º 3_suppl (junio de 2001): 1046–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2001.88.3c.1046.

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Several studies have shown that perfumes encourage prosocial behavior of people from whom help is requested in the street. Implicit requests for help were studied. On a pedestrian walk, a woman confederate, with or without a heavy perfume, walked by the subject while dropping a packet of paper handkerchiefs or a glove apparently without noticing. Results show that the confederate was warned more often when wearing a perfume.

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Crawford, L. "Perfume". TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly 1, n.º 1-2 (1 de enero de 2014): 151–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/23289252-2399875.

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Coulehan, Jack. "Perfume". Chest 144, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2013): 1080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.13-0149.

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Weiss, Kenneth M. "Perfume". Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews 13, n.º 6 (8 de diciembre de 2004): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/evan.20022.

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Nasution, Rosnani, Azalia Izdhihar Azwar, Hira Helwati y Marianne. "Antibacterial Activities of Perfume: Combination Flower Magnolia alba, Cananga odorata and Mimusops elengi L, Fixed with Pogostemon cablin Oil". Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 2, n.º 1 (8 de mayo de 2019): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/idjpcr.v2i1.814.

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Abstract: The making of perfume from the combination Magnolia alba (M. alba) flower oil, Cananga odorata (C. odorata) and Mimusops elengi L (M. elengi) fixed with Pogostemon cablin oil (P. cablin) have been done. Essential oil of M. alba and C. odorata was distilled by water distillation and extraction essential oil of M. elengi flower using n-hexane evaporated solvent method. Composition perfume through organoleptic test obtained with a ratio of 4% v/v, 4% v/v, and 2% v/v for each essential oil M. alba, C. odorata and M. elengi. Antibacterial activity of the perfume and each of the volatile oil was performed by the disc diffusion method. Antibacterial activity test showed that perfumes were able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria, but less active. Antibacterial activity of the perfume was more active against E. coli with an inhibitory zone of 8.3 mm and 39.81% inhibitory power than S. aureus bacterial 7.3 mm inhibition zone with 37.55% inhibitory power. Perfumes after storage for one, and two months had better antibacterial activity than before storage with an average inhibitory zone of 11-15 mm and inhibitory power of 50- 68,18%. Keywords: Antibacterial, E. Coli, C. Odorata, M. alba, M. elengi, P. cablin, , S. aureus

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Sobotková, Markéta, Jitka Fialová, S. Craig Roberts y Jan Havlíček. "Effect of Biological Relatedness on Perfume Selection for Others: Preliminary Evidence". Perception 46, n.º 3-4 (7 de diciembre de 2016): 498–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301006616682514.

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People tend to choose perfumes to complement their body odour. As kin share some body odour qualities, their ability to select complementary perfumes for relatives might be higher compared with selection for nonrelatives. We tested this in two studies, comparing selection of a perfume for a target man by himself and by either a familiar but unrelated individual (girlfriend; Study 1) or a relative (sister; Study 2). Target men applied the two perfumes (own or other’s choice) to their axillae and then wore cotton pads for 12 hr. Collected perfume-body odour blends and perfumes alone were assessed by rater panels. In Study 1, the blends were rated as nominally more pleasant when body odours were mixed with the perfumes selected by girlfriends compared with those selected by target men themselves. In Study 2, body odours mixed with perfumes selected by sisters were rated significantly more attractive than those mixed with perfumes selected by target men. No significant differences were found for attractiveness and pleasantness ratings when perfumes were rated alone, suggesting that it was the resulting blends that were uniquely different. Our results indicate that sisters might be particularly tuned to select suitable perfumes for their siblings.

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Desvia, Yessica Fara, Rosadi Rosadi, Frieyadie Frieyadie, Tuti Haryanti y Windu Gata. "Penerapan Finite State Automata Pada Vending Machine Parfum Laundry Pakaian". BINA INSANI ICT JOURNAL 8, n.º 2 (13 de diciembre de 2021): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.51211/biict.v8i2.1564.

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Abstrak: Parfum banyak digemari oleh berbagai kalangan, salah satunya adalah parfum laundry. Parfum laundry memiliki berbagai macam varian aroma, meliputi aroma buah, aroma bunga, aroma perpaduan buah dan bunga, dan aroma kayu-kayuan. Parfum laundry ini merupakan rangkaian akhir dalam proses laundry. Saat ini pelanggan menerima hasil laundry dengan aroma parfum yang dipilih secara random sesuai ketersediaan pihak laundry, hal ini menjadi masalah karena pelanggan tidak dapat memilih aroma parfum laundry sesuai dengan keinginan mereka. Dengan alasan tersebut maka diperlukan suatu rancangan sebuah Vending Machine (VM), rancangan VM ini menggunakan metode Finite State Automata (FSA) dengan jenis Non-Deterministic Finite Automata (NFA), metode tersebut digunakan karena dapat mengakomodir lebih dari satu kondisi dalam satu pilihan. Metode FSA jenis NFA dibuat dengan tahapan analisa proses bisnis, diagram state, desain VM dan pengujian. Hasil dari penelitian ini dengan adanya VM pemilihan parfum laundry pakaian, maka mempermudah pelanggan untuk dapat memilih parfum laundry sehingga pelanggan memperoleh hasil laundry dengan aroma parfum sesuai pilihan mereka. Kata kunci: finite state automata, parfum laundry, vending machine Abstract: Perfume is much favored by various circles, one of which is laundry perfume. Laundry perfume has a wide range of scent variants, including fruity scents, floral scents, fruity floral scents, and woody scents. This laundry perfume is the final line in the laundry process. Currently customers receive laundry results with perfume scents selected randomly according to the availability of the laundry party, this is a problem because customers cannot choose laundry perfume scents according to their wishes. For this reason, it is necessary to design a Vending Machine (VM), this VM design uses the Finite State Automata (FSA) method with the Non-Deterministic Finite Automata (NFA) type, this method is used because it can accommodate more than one condition in one choice. The FSA type of NFA method is made with the stages of business process analysis, state diagrams, VM design and testing. The results of this study with the VM in the selection of clothes laundry perfume, it makes it easier for customers to be able to choose laundry perfumes so that customers get laundry results with the perfume scent of their choice. Keywords: finite state automata, laundry perfume, vending machine

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HONMA, NOBUO. "Perfume and perfume components of miso. 2." JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF BREWING,JAPAN 82, n.º 8 (1987): 547–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.6013/jbrewsocjapan1915.82.547.

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Fan, Yaxun, Haiqiu Tang, Ross Strand y Yilin Wang. "Modulation of partition and localization of perfume molecules in sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles". Soft Matter 12, n.º 1 (2016): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sm02145f.

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Aggregation behavior of surfactants is related to the corresponding structures of perfume molecules in terms of micellar structures, partitioning and localization of perfumes, and thermodynamic parameters of the interaction process.

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Rukh, Mah, Aqsa Naeem, Syed Bilal Hussain y Muhammad Imran Qadir. "To Evaluate the Link Between Ketones in Urine and Perfume Allergy". Mediterranean Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 06, n.º 03 (2022): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.46382/mjbas.2022.6307.

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This study presents the relation between perfume allergy and presence of ketones in urine. When glucose level is low in our body or we don’t have enough insulin to absorb glucose then our body compensate by start breaking fats to provide energy and ketone are produced as a byproduct. The normal value of ketone in urine is less than 0.06mmol/L. Ketones are normally present in blood and urine but an increased value shows acidosis that can be fatal. Some people love scents. Perfumes contain certain chemicals that can cause allergy. The most common one is contact allergic dermatitis. The most common symptoms of perfume allergy are headache, difficulty in breathing, wheezing, chest tightening, asthma and stuffy nose. The present study shows that 25% males have Ketones in urine and are also allergic to perfumes while 2.25% females have ketone in urine and also allergic to perfumes.

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Krajina, Anida, Melika Husić-Mehmedović y Kemal Koštrebić. "Can You See How it Smells? What Eye Tracking Can Tell us about the Shelf Management of Luxury Perfumes". South East European Journal of Economics and Business 16, n.º 1 (1 de junio de 2021): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jeb-2021-0008.

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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to advance the theory and contribute to the practice of luxury perfumes’ shelf management by decoding the relationship between attention on the shelf, purchase decision-making, and brand recall. It employs an eye-tracking experiment to analyze attention spans and fixations, which is combined with a questionnaire to uncover recall and purchase intent. The research identifies attention patterns and the influence of attention on recall and purchase intention. It further reveals the main factors that influence attention on the shelf in the luxury perfume industry. This is a milestone for further elaboration on the benefits of the fashion mainstream for luxury perfumes and the debate regarding whether luxury perfumes should be treated similar to mainstream fashion or similar to any other product in basic shelf management rules. This study enables shelf managers and marketers to place the perfumes both on the shelf and in consumer minds to maintain a top-of-the-mind brand position. Managerial implications are significant and address perfume industry packaging as well as shelf positioning.

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Heriansyah, Dafis, Uswatun Hasanah y Sulaiman Mohammad Nur. "Kontekstualisasi Hadis dalam Penggunaan Parfum". Al-Dzikra: Jurnal Studi Ilmu al-Qur'an dan al-Hadits 17, n.º 2 (29 de diciembre de 2023): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/002023171830600.

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AbstractThe purpose of this study is to discuss the contextualization of hadith in the use of perfume today. This study uses a qualitative research design with the type of data library research (library) from the Kutubus Sittah book. The results obtained from this research are that the recommendation for the use of perfume for men is the sunnah of muakkad. If contextualized, the use of perfume is not only in prayer but is also recommended outside of prayer. Meanwhile, if we contextualize the prohibition on the use of perfume for women, the prohibition is not absolute and adapts to the surrounding environmental conditions. However, when you are outside the house and meet lots of people, the types of women's perfumes are limited to colors and scents. However, when at home, women can use any perfume with a strong or light shape, color and aroma because there are no restrictions prohibiting this.Keywords: Contextualization; Hadith; Perfume. AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini untuk membahas kontekstualisasi hadis dalam penggunaan parfum di zaman sekarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis data library research (kepustakaan) yang diambil dari kitab Kutubus Sittah. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah tentang anjuran penggunaan parfum bagi laki-laki hukumnya adalah sunah muakkad, jika dikontekstualisasikan maka penggunaan parfum tidak hanya di dalam salat tetapi dianjurkan juga di luar salat. Sedangkan, untuk larangan penggunaan parfum bagi wanita jika dikontekstualisasikan maka larangan tersebut tidak bersifat mutlak dan menyesuaikan kondisi lingkungan sekitar. Namun, ketika berada di luar rumah dan bertemu dengan banyak orang, jenis parfum wanita menjadi terbatas pada warna dan aroma. Tetapi ketika berada di dalam rumah, wanita boleh menggunakan parfum apapun dengan bentuk, warna dan aroma yang kuat ataupun ringan karena tidak ada larangan yang melarang hal tersebut. Kata Kunci: Hadis; Kontekstualisasi; Parfum.

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Zumiani, Giovanna Leme, Jéssica Mendes Dos Santos y Mariana de Moura Pereira. "“Lança perfume”". Saúde Ética & Justiça 24, n.º 1 (12 de julio de 2019): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-2770.v24i1p3-9.

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Solventes orgânicos são substâncias altamente voláteis muito utilizadas como drogas de abuso inalantes, principalmente por crianças, adolescentes e jovens de países subdesenvolvidos. Seus efeitos de embriaguez e euforia somados ao baixo custo e à facilidade de acesso são grandes atrativos para os jovens. Um dos inalantes mais utilizados na América Latina, popularmente conhecido como lança perfume, apresenta vários solventes em sua composição, tais como cloreto de etila, éter e clorofórmio. Atualmente, o tricloroetileno também vem sendo muito utilizado como componente dessa substância, potencializando seus efeitos e também sua toxicidade. O objetivo desta revisão foi levantar informações a respeito do uso indiscriminado de inalantes, com ênfase no “lança-perfume”, e pontuar seus riscos e implicações à saúde. Visto que mortes causadas por intoxicação com solventes têm sido cada vez mais recorrentes, colocar esse assunto em pauta se faz necessário para a conscientização da população e desenvolvimento e aprimoramento de políticas públicas contra o abuso dessas substâncias no Brasil.

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Jones, Susan. "Deadly perfume". Nature Reviews Microbiology 6, n.º 5 (mayo de 2008): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro1905.

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EVERTS, SARAH. "PREY'S PERFUME". Chemical & Engineering News 84, n.º 40 (2 de octubre de 2006): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v084n040.p015.

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Baudelaire, Charles y Grover Amen. "Exotic Perfume". Romanic Review 101, n.º 4 (1 de noviembre de 2010): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/26885220-101.4.761.

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Larsen, Walter G. "Perfume dermatitis". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 12, n.º 1 (enero de 1985): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0190-9622(85)70001-1.

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Webster, Chloe. "Making perfume". Early Years Educator 23, n.º 18 (2 de enero de 2023): S4—S5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/eyed.2023.23.18.s4.

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This month childminder Chloe Webster returns to share a play experience she used to enhance her water provision, stimulate the senses and encourage all children to explore a varied range of different resources whilst making their own ‘perfume.’

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USUF SUHAIL, A. MUHAMMED y DR K. SASIREKHA. "A STUDY OF CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS PERFUME". INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, n.º 01 (15 de enero de 2024): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem28314.

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Perfumes have transcended their functional purpose of providing a pleasant fragrance; they have become expressions of personal identity, luxury, and style. The fragrance industry is a dynamic and ever-evolving sector of the global market, heavily influenced by the complex behaviors and preferences of consumers. Understanding consumer buying behavior concerning perfumes is crucial for businesses in this industry to tailor their products, marketing strategies, and customer experiences effectively. This knowledge empowers perfume manufacturers and retailers to cater to the diverse needs and desires of their target audience.

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Pahomova, Aleksandra. "Parfyymeistä ja rakkaudesta Mihail Kuzminin tuotannossa". Idäntutkimus 28, n.º 4 (29 de diciembre de 2021): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33345/idantutkimus.112953.

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Artikkelissa analysoidaan tuoksujen merkitystä eli ns. ”olfaktorista koodia” Mihail Kuzminin poetiikassa ja kuvataan parfyymien erityistä roolia hänen omaleimaisen ”kirjallisen maineensa” muotoutumisessa. Artikkelissa käsitellään kolmea tapausta, joissa tietyn hajuvesilaadun nimi esiintyy Kuzminin tuotannossa tai siihen liittyvissä teksteissä ja pyritään selittämään viittausten syitä kussakin yhteydessä. Tutkimuksesta ilmenee, että hajuvedet voivat toimia eräänlaisena ”signaalina” ja ilmentää Kuzminin olemusta. Hajuvesibrändien nimet runoilija lisää teksteihinsä aikakauden merkkinä. Futuristien tapa käyttää ”hajuvedentuoksua” halventavana epiteettinä antaa Kuzminille syyn ryhtyä epäsuoraan kirjalliseen polemiikkiin. Olfaktorinen tuoksujen ja parfyymien kuvasto liittyy Kuzminin tuotannossa oleellisesti rakkauden teeman käsittelyyn. The article analyses the olfactory code in Mikhail Kuzmin’s poetics and considers the role of perfumery in the formation of his literary reputation. There are three cases when the name of a specific perfume appears in Kuzmin’s work or other texts associated with him. We try to explain the reasons for their appearance. It is believed that perfumes are used as a ‘signal’, and herald the appearance of Kuzmin. Moreover, particular perfumes play the role of signs of a certain time. Also, the special use of the word ‘perfumery’ gives Kuzmin an excuse to enter into a literary polemic. Perfumes are always accompanied by the love theme in Kuzmin’s work.

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Asra, Ridho, R. Rusdi, Putut Arifin y N. Nessa. "ANALISIS SENYAWA BERBAHAYA PARFUM ISI ULANG YANG DIJUAL DI KOTA PADANG MENGGUNAKAN METODE KROMATROGRAFI GAS-SPEKTROMETRI MASSA". Jurnal Riset Kimia 10, n.º 1 (30 de marzo de 2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jrk.v12i2.324.

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Perfume is widely used by most of people in this world. The increasing demand of perfume has caused many producers cheating by adding dangerous compounds and also unregistered by the National Agency of Drug and Food Control Indonesia. The aim of this study is to analyze the dangerous compounds in unregistered perfumes sold in Pasar Raya Padang City by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. In this Study, samples (A, B, C, D and E) were collected and the value of specific weight and refractive index of the samples were analyzed. The results showed that five samples contained relatively similar chemical compounds. Twelve compounds were detected and seven of them were harmful to health in refill perfumes which were dipropylene glycol, linalool, lily aldehyde, benzenepentanol, dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate, dihydro methyl jasmonate, alpha hexyl cinnamic aldehyde, based on Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Regular monitoring of chemicals used in the manufacture of perfumes which may cause health risks to users should be controlled by National Agency of Drug and Food Control Indonesia.

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Sikora, Elzbieta, Miastkowska Małgorzata, Katarzyna Wolinska Kennard y Elwira Lason. "Nanoemulsions as a Form of Perfumery Products". Cosmetics 5, n.º 4 (30 de octubre de 2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics5040063.

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Alcohol-based perfumes, e.g., eau de parfum, eau de toilette, eau de cologne or au fraiche, are the most common type of fragrance products available on the market. There are also alcohol-free fragrance products, mainly in the form of solid or oil perfume. From the consumers’ point of view, such perfumery products are of interest; therefore, looking for new solutions is still interesting. Nanoemulsions are liquid, kinetically stable colloidal dispersions, consisting of an aqueous phase, an oil phase and a surfactant, with or without a co-surfactant. They are transparent, not greasy, easy to spray and spread. Additionally, they show capacity to protect fragrances from oxidation. The development of a water-based perfumes in the form of stable nanoemulsions containing fragrance compositions (in the range of 5–15%), stabilized by nonionic surfactants, allows to create safe products for a wider group of consumers, including children, adolescents and people with sensitive skin. In this article, an application of nanoemulsions as a potential form of perfumery products were described.

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Agibayeva, L. E., S. T. Baipakbayeva, K. N. Kadyrzhan, D. B. Shaltykova, A. G. Mun y A. Zh Alikulov. "Electronic perfume/electronic aromatherapy system". Bulletin of the National Engineering Academy of the Republic of Kazakhstan 86, n.º 4 (30 de diciembre de 2022): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.47533/2020.1606-146x.195.

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An electronic perfume system is proposed that provides controlled separation of the aroma component from the carrier. It is shown that such a system allows pairing with jewelry that meets the fashion style of the 2020s. In particular, the electronic perfume system can be embedded in a semi-precious stone necklace made in the specified style. A specific electronic circuit is proposed that provides control of the system under consideration. Its distinctive feature is control via the user’s smartphone. It is shown that there are prerequisites for import substitution of traditional perfumery products with such systems, and that they can be used as the basis for aromatherapy systems. The existing possibilities for obtaining a carrier of the aroma component for systems of the proposed type are discussed.

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Nemčoková, Katarína, Zdena Kráľová, Aneta Holíková y Daniel P. Sampey. "Gender identities in e-shop perfume descriptions". Topics in Linguistics 22, n.º 1 (1 de junio de 2021): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/topling-2021-0005.

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Abstract Perfume descriptions serve as an important persuasive tool in fragrance advertising. Scents traditionally elude clear verbal description, yet perfumes are nowadays frequently sold online, with no direct olfactory experience on the part of the consumer at the point of purchase. The products are thus often represented by metaphorical means depicting a desirable experience or portraying attractive identities of wearers, including stereotypical images of men and women. This article analyses 80 e-shop fragrance descriptions equally divided among adverts targeted at males and females. The sample texts were collected randomly from British and American e-shops, with the primary research objective to determine how male and female identities are reflected in these descriptions. The method of discourse analysis was applied and the AntConc 3.4.4 toolkit was used to calculate the frequency of words and their collocations. It was found that current female perfume descriptions on e-shops generally suppress gender stereotypes quite successfully, while gender stereotyping is more prominent in male perfume descriptions. The possible causes as well as ramifications of this disparity are also discussed.

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