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1
Platts, Emma. "Phase planes in the universe : chaotic cyclic universes and kicking Chameleons". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20520.
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This thesis consists of two main sections: chaotic cyclic cosmology and Chameleon gravity in the early universe. Both sections invoke a phase plane analysis as their commonality. The first explores a cyclic model, proposed by Ellis et al, that is in keeping with current observations. No exotic nor new physics is needed for the bounce nor the turnaround. The model is chaotic in nature and requires only that the universe is closed and that dark energy (at some time) decays. The second section contests the claim by Burrage et al. that Chameleon gravity is inconsistent in the early universe, unless constraints on its coupling mechanism are significantly increased. It is shown that the addition of a Dirac-Borne-Infeld (DBI) correction - a consistent, high energy modification - to the Chameleon dynamically renders it weakly coupled to matter. This is done without any fine-tuning and ensures the consistency of the Chameleon at all scales without infringing upon its crucial feature as a dark energy candidate: its elusive but prominent coupling to matter.
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Gladbach, Peter [Verfasser]. "A phase-field model of dislocations on parallel slip planes / Peter Gladbach". Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1130704823/34.
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Guénégou, Lionel. "Étude de structures planes anisotropes par la méthode du gradient de phase". Le Havre, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LEHA0003.
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L'étude consiste à vérifier l'efficacité de la méthode du gradient de phase sur des structures planes anisotropes. Les dérivées partielles de la phase du coefficient de réflexion par rapport à la fréquence, à l'angle d'incidence et à l'angle azimutal sont étudiées. Les caractéristiques des ondes se propageant dans les plaques, à savoir les courbes de dispersion et de réémission, mais aussi les vitesses d'énergie sont obtenues simplement et précisément en étudiant ces dérivées. Cette méthode permet d'obtenir correctement les pôles fréquentiels et angulaires polaires et azimutaux en s'affranchissant de calculs dans les plans complexes. Elle permet d'estimer les composantes de la vitesse d'énergie en rendant inutile des calculs énergétiques fastidieux. Une étude expérimentale a été menée sur une plaque composite. La comparaison de la dérivée fréquentielle théorique dans le cas viscoélastique et de la dérivée fréquentielle expérimentale permet de résoudre en partie le problème inverseThis study deals with the validation of the phase gradient method for anisotropic plates. The derivatives of the phase of the reflection coefficient with respect to the frequency, the incidence angle and the azimutal angle are studied. The characteristics of the propagating waves in plates, that is to say the dispersion and the reemission curves, but also the energy velocities are simply and accurately obtained by studying those derivatives. The phase gradient method is shown to be an alternative method to root findings in the frequency and the angular complex planes and it permits to obtain good estimates of the frequency and the polar and azimuthal angular resonances. This method allows us to avoid heavy energetic calculations and to estimate the components of the energy velocity. An experimental study has been carried out with a viscoelastic composite plate. The comparative study of the theoritical and experimental frequency derivatives leads to partly solve the inverse problem
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Liang, Qiang. "Interfacial structure of delta phase in Inconel 718 and the selection of precipitate habit planes". Diss., Virginia Tech, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37775.
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Vazirian, Milad. "AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN THE LUMBOPELVIC KINEMATICS DURING THE TRUNK MOTIONS IN THE ANATOMICAL PLANES". UKnowledge, 2017. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cbme_etds/45.
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Management and control of the low back pain as an important health problem in the industrial societies necessitates to investigate how the risk of this disease is affected by aging. Since the abnormalities of the lumbopelvic kinematics are related to the existence or risk of low back injuries, the objective of this dissertation was set to find the age-related differences in lumbopelvic kinematics when performing basic trunk motions reaching to range of motion in different anatomical planes.
A cross-sectional study was designed where sixty asymptomatic individuals between 20–70 years old with no confounding health condition, no current or previous highly physically demanding occupation and a body mass index between 22 and 30, were divided in five equally-sized and gender-balanced age groups, and attended two sessions of data collection to perform three repetitions of self-selected slow and fast trunk forward bending and backward return, as well as one left and right lateral bending and axial twist. Following an extensive literature review, the lumbar contribution (LC) to the trunk motion, the mean absolute relative phase (MARP) between the thoracic and pelvic motions as well as variation in MARP under repetitive motions, denoted by deviation phase (DP) were selected and used for the assessment of age-related differences in lumbopelvic kinematics during forward bending and backward return tasks. Lumbopelvic kinematics during the lateral bending and axial twist tasks were assessed using the lumbar and pelvic ranges of motion (ROMs) and coupled motion ratios (CMRs) as respectively the maximum flexion/rotation in the primary (i.e., intended) and the secondary (i.e., coupled) planes of trunk motion, where the latter was normalized to the conjugate ROM for better comparison.
The results showed age-related differences between the age groups above and under 50 years of age generally. A smaller LC during the forward bending and backward return tasks were observed in the older versus younger age groups, suggesting that the synergy between the active and passive lower back tissues is different between the older and younger people, which may affect the lower back mechanics. Also, smaller MARP and DP suggesting a more in-phase and more stable lumbopelvic rhythm were observed in the older versus younger age groups, which may be a neuromuscular strategy to protect the lower back tissues from excessive strain, in order to reduce the risk of injury. Furthermore, the coupled motion of lumbar spine in the transverse plane during the lateral bending to the left, and the coupled motion of pelvis in the sagittal plane during the axial twist to the right were larger in older versus younger age groups.
In summary, the lumbopelvic kinematics changes with aging, especially after the age of 50 which implies alterations in the active and passive tissue responses to the task demands, as well as the neuromuscular control patterns. Drawing a conclusion regarding ii the effect of aging on the risk of low back pain from these results requires a further detailed knowledge on age-related differences in spinal active and passive tissue properties.
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Geri, Ismet. "Etude du double miroir à conjugaison de phase dans les matériaux photoréfractifs à deux centres profonds : Méthode de décompostion en ondes planes". Rouen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ROUES092.
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Cette étude porte sur le double miroir à conjugaison de phase (DPCM) dans des matériaux photoréfractifs possédant deux centres d'impuretés. Nous utilisons la méthode de décomposition en ondes planes des faisceaux, celle-ci permet d'évaluer la contribution de chacune des ondes planes constituant les faisceaux incidents et les ondes diffusées. Nous faisons varier le coefficient de couplage en changeant le rapport du nombre de sites occupés par les électrons au nombre de sites vides. On montre alors qu'un cristal faiblement dopé au cobalt peut être plus performant, en terme de gain seuil, que des cristaux non dopés ou fortement dopés. Le temps d'établissement du DPCM dans des cristaux à deux centres d'impuretés est plus lent que dans ceux à un centre. Par ailleurs, la qualité de la conjugaison de phase augmente lorsque l'amplitude des ondes diffusées diminue et elle est optimale lorsque le rapport des intensités pompe est égal à l'unité. Expérimentalement, nous avons éliminé la diffraction conique à l'aide d'un faisceau auxiliaire de forme annulaire. Les mesures de rendement de conversion, d'efficacité de couplage, et l'étude théorique montrent que la fidélité de conjugaison est optimale lorsque l'angle entre l'axe c et la direction nominale de propagation est égal à 45° et que l'angle moyen entre les deux faisceaux pompe est égal à 170°.
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Habib, Perez Olinda D. "An Analysis of Infant Bouncing at Different Spring Frequencies". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19897.
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Infants explore environments through repetitive movements which are constrained or facilitated by the environmental context. The current studies analyzed how typically developing infants bounced in four environments that differed by system natural frequency. Four pre-walking infants (age 9.7 months ±1.8) were placed in four spring conditions with natural spring frequencies of 0.9, 1.15, 1.27 and 1.56 Hz. All infants bounced above the natural spring frequency in all conditions suggesting that they do not solely behave like a mass-spring system. Two patterns of bouncing adaptations were identified. Three infants regulated bounce frequency, while one infant regulated the percentage of time on the ground. When infants matched their bounce frequency to the natural frequency, trunk vertical displacement and joint ranges of motion decreased across conditions and demonstrated a shift from non-spring like to circular spring-like phase planes. Moderate to high correlations were found for inter- and intra-limb coordination. Conversely, when an infant regulated time on the ground, trunk vertical displacement and joint ranges of motion remained the same across conditions and inter- and intra-limb correlations were low to moderate. Phase planes remained circular spring-like for this infant. Asymmetrical loading patterns and decreasing vertical ground reaction forces were found in all infants suggesting that a timing component is always regulated. The difference in bouncing pattern may be indicative of different bouncing skill level.
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Straukaitė, Jurgita. "Kelių elektrokardiogramų parametrų vaizdavimas fazinėse plokštumose". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100813_111054-57660.
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Darbe tyrėme veloergometrinių mėginių metu užregistruotus elektrokardiogramos parametrus JT ir RR, kurie gali atspindėti organizmo būklę: reguliacinę, aprūpininančiąją ir vykdančiąją sistemas. Nors šie parametrai ir pakankamai informatyvūs, tačiau dažnai esant nedideliems širdies ir kraujagyslių sutrikimams jokių pokyčių neparodo. Todėl reikalingi nauji analizės metodai, kurie padėtų atskleisti kokybiškai naują informaciją glūdinčią EKG parametruose ir jų kaitoje.
Sukūrėme taikomoją programą, kuri parašyta „Matlab“ aplinkoje. Ši programa grupuoja duomenis, atlieka reikiamus skaičiavimus ir rezultatus, įvairius grafikus, pateikia vartotojui ekrane. Tyrimo eigoje sukūrėme tris metodus: EKG parametrų kitimo greičio skaičiavimo ir vaizdavimo fazinėje plokštumoje; EKG parametro glodumo koeficiento skaičiavimo ir vaizdavimo; EKG parametro duomenų grupavimo metodą,
Pirmajame metode pastebėjome EKG JT parametro fazinių plokštumų kitimo greičių skirtumus tarp ligonių ir sveikų asmenų grupių, antrajame EKG JT parametro glodumo koeficiento a, o trečiajame EKG JT parametro sudarytų porų diskriminantų vidurkių skirtumus. Norėdami įsitikinti gautų hipotezių teisingumu pritaikėme šių metodų rezultatams neparametrinį Manio-Vitnio-Vilkoksono testą (ZM) su reikšmingumo lygmeniu . Gavome, kad gautos hipotezės yra teisingos. Tai yra pastebėti skirtumai yra reikšmingi tarp sveikų asmenų ir asmenų su tam tikrais kardiologiniais nusiskundimais grupių.
Atliktas darbas – tai tik dar vienas žingsnis... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]For correct specification human’s physiological state, it is very important to evaluate the changes of main human organism systems. In this paper, the parameters that characterize the function of periphery, regulation and supplying systems, JT and RR interval have been studied. Interpolation of discrete data from the physical load obtained by provocative incremental bicycle ergometry stress test was made by cubic spline. The differences for various groups of person (sportsmen and patients with ischemic heart disease) were investigated. EKG parameters were applied in three methods: EKG parameters changes in speed computing and imaging in phase plane, EKG parameters smoothness level calculation, EKG parameters data grouping method. The study revealed that the JT interval’s changes in speed reliably differences between healthy and ill people. Also JT parameter’s smoothness level and JT parameter’s discriminants difference between the groups.
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Muehlemann, Anton. "Variational models in martensitic phase transformations with applications to steels". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:bb7f4ff4-0911-4dad-bb23-ada904839d73.
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This thesis concerns the mathematical modelling of phase transformations with a special emphasis on martensitic phase transformations and their application to the modelling of steels. In Chapter 1, we develop a framework that determines the optimal transformation strain between any two Bravais lattices and use it to give a rigorous proof of a conjecture by E.C. Bain in 1924 on the optimality of the so-called Bain strain. In Chapter 2, we review the Ball-James model and related concepts. We present some simplification of existing results. In Chapter 3, we pose a conjecture for the explicit form of the quasiconvex hull of the three tetragonal wells, known as the three-well problem. We present a new approach to finding inner and outer bounds. In Chapter 4, we focus on highly compatible, so called self-accommodating, martensitic structures and present new results on their fine properties such as estimates on their minimum complexity and bounds on the relative proportion of each martensitic variant in them. In Chapter 5, we investigate the contrary situation when self-accommodating microstructures do not exist. We determine, whether in this situation, it is still energetically favourable to nucleate martensite within austenite. By constructing different types of inclusions, we find that the optimal shape of an inclusion is flat and thin which is in agreement with experimental observation. In Chapter 6, we introduce a mechanism that identifies transformation strains with orientation relationships. This mechanism allows us to develop a simpler, strain-based approach to phase transformation models in steels. One novelty of this approach is the derivation of an explicit dependence of the orientation relationships on the ratio of tetragonality of the product phase. In Chapter 7, we establish a correspondence between common phenomenological models for steels and the Ball-James model. This correspondence is then used to develop a new theory for the (5 5 7) lath transformation in low-carbon steels. Compared to existing theories, this new approach requires a significantly smaller number of input parameters. Furthermore, it predicts a microstructure morphology which differs from what is conventionally believed.
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Mathias, Amanda Carolina. "Mudanças na dinâmica de sistemas a tempo contínuo sob forçamento externo". Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2013. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1979.
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Windows of periodicity are common in chaotic regions of discrete- and continuous-time nonlinear dynamical systems. For example, they appear as disconnected periodic regions embedded in a large chaotic region, in parameter planes. In this work we examined the changes in the dynamics in some known systems (Lorenz, Rössler and Chua) by the addition of an external sinusoidal forcing, where each system comprises a set of three first-order nonlinear autonomous differential equations. Initially, by variation of the amplitude d and keeping fixed the angular frequency ω of forcing, we show through numerical simulations, including parameter planes, phase-space trajectories and the largest Lyapunov exponent, that the sinusoidal forcing can produce order-chaos transitions. And a second time, with the variation in the two control parameters of the forcing (d, ω), we construct parameter planes to show that the forcing can produce order-chaos transitions and also of chaos-order transitions. Finally, assuming that for a system modeled by a set of three first order nonlinear autonomous differential equations it is possible to manipulate the dynamics of the system, with the addition of external sinusoidal forcing in one of equations in the system.
Janelas de periodicidade são comuns em regiões caóticas de sistemas dinâmicos não lineares a tempo contínuo e discreto. Por exemplo, elas aparecem como regiões periódicas separadas e imersas em uma grande região caótica nos planos de parâmetros. Neste trabalho examinamos a mudança na dinâmica de alguns sistemas conhecidos (Lorenz, Rössler e Chua) através da adição de um forçamento senoidal externo, onde cada sistema é composto por um conjunto de três equações diferenciais autônomas não lineares de primeira ordem. Num primeiro momento, pela variação da amplitude d e mantendo fixo a frequência angular ω do forçamento, nós mostramos através de simulações numéricas, incluindo planos de parâmetros, trajetórias do espaço de fase e o maior expoente de Lyapunov, que o forçamento senoidal pode produzir transições de ordem-caos. Num segundo momento, com a variação dos dois parâmetros de controle do forçamento (d, ω), utilizamos a construção de planos de parâmetros para mostrar que o forçamento pode produzir transições de ordem-caos e também transições de caos-ordem. Finalmente pressupomos que, para um sistema composto de três equações diferenciais autônomas não lineares de primeira ordem é possível manipular a dinâmica do sistema, com a adição do forçamento senoidal externo em uma das equações do sistema.
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Newman, Kevin y Kevin Newman. "Achromatic Phase Shifting Focal Plane Masks". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621110.
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The search for life on other worlds is an exciting scientific endeavor that could change the way we perceive our place in the universe. Thousands of extrasolar planets have been discovered using indirect detection techniques. One of the most promising methods for discovering new exoplanets and searching for life is direct imaging with a coronagraph. Exoplanet coronagraphy of Earth-like planets is a challenging task, but we have developed many of the tools necessary to make it feasible. The Phase-Induced Amplitude Apodization (PIAA) Coronagraph is one of the highest-performing architectures for direct exoplanet imaging. With a complex phase-shifting focal plane mask, the PIAA Complex Mask Coronagraph (PIAACMC) can approach the theoretical performance limit for any direct detection technique. The architecture design is flexible enough to be applied to any arbitrary aperture shape, including segmented and obscured apertures. This is an important feature for compatibility with next-generation ground and space-based telescopes. PIAA and PIAACMC focal plane masks have been demonstrated in monochromatic light. An important next step for high-performance coronagraphy is the development of broadband phase-shifting focal plane masks. In this dissertation, we present an algorithm for designing the PIAA and PIAACMC focal plane masks to operate in broadband. We also demonstrate manufacturing of the focal plane masks, and show laboratory results. We use simulations to show the potential performance of the coronagraph system, and the use of wavefront control to correct for mask manufacturing errors. Given the laboratory results and simulations, we show new areas of exoplanet science that can potentially be explored using coronagraph technology. The main conclusion of this dissertation is that we now have the tools required to design and manufacture PIAA and PIAACMC achromatic focal plane masks. These tools can be applied to current and future telescope systems to enable new discoveries in exoplanet science.
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Tsikata, Sedina 1981. "Fresnel phase plates as reconfigurable microfluidic lenses". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32792.
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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 49).
In this study, Fresnel phase plates were tested as reconfigurable lenses. The lenses were constructed from a Fresnel pattern which was transferred to a silicon substrate via photolithography. A layer of PDMS was spin-coated on the substrate and cured to produce the lens. This lens was attached to a PDMS control layer which enabled specific regions of the lens to addressed, via the application of pressure. It was concluded that based on the limitations of the pressure-based Fresnel lenses, liquid-filled flow channels, while possessing slower response times, might be a more promising means of modulating phase.
by Sedina Tsikata.
S.B.
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Ward, Duncan Estcourt. "The two-phase plane turbulent mixing layer /". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw257.pdf.
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Oljaca, Miodrag. "Optical phase distortions in a plane shear layer". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/18178.
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Daniil, Ioannis E. "Analysis of finite phased arrays on shaped ground planes". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1997. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA342437.
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Thesis (M.S. in Electrical Engineering) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1997."December 1997." Thesis advisor(s): David C. Jenn. Includes bibliographical references (p. 89). Also available online.
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Turnbull, R. W. "Approximation schemes for statistical mechanics in the complex temperature plane". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376171.
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Weidong, Yang. "Pupil phase apodization for achromatic imaging of extra-solar planets". Available online. Click here, 2004. http://services.lib.mtu.edu/etd/DISS/2004/Physics/yangw/diss.pdf.
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Thorne, Stephen Howard. "Stationary phase survival of Rhizobium leguminosarum". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265401.
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Woolston, Phillip. "Colloidal rods, plates and their mixtures : preparation, characterisation, and phase behaviour". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.688352.
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Hard rod and plate particles have previously shown an interesting range of liquid crystalline phase behaviour in experiments, simulation and theory. Under certain conditions a biaxial phase has been proposed but this has not been shown experimentally yet. The phase behaviour of hard rods in a non-aqueous solvent was studied in the first experimental chapter. Onsager theory predicts an isotropic-nematic transition for infinitely long, thin rods. In practice colloidal rods have a finite aspect ratio and it is shown that the midpoint of the coexistence boundaries agree well with computer simulations. The width of the transition, however, is increased noticeably due to polydispersity in aspect ratio and this is found to be in broad agreement with theoretical predictions for infinitely thin, polydisperse rods. The second experimental chapter of this thesis showed that it is possible to adsorb sodium polyacrylate on to the clay surface of sepiolite clay rods in order to electrostatically stabilise the particles in water. It was possible to disrupt the formation of a gel phase and observe isotropic - nematic phase behaviour. The isotropic - nematic phase boundaries increased with salt concentration. The final chapters of this thesis investigated mixtures of rod and plate particles. Firstly aqueous sepiolite rods stabilised with sodium polyacrylate were mixed with various concentrations of montmorillonite plates. For low concentrations of the plates, the sepiolite underwent phase separation as previously seen but at a much lower rod concentration with a broader coexistence range. It was found that it was possible to obtain 3 phases in coexistence for a number of samples but the montmorillonite-rich phase, despite observations of slight birefringence, was not considered a nematic. Yet, the montmorillonite-rich phase did contain a higher concentration of particles than seen in the pure samples. Lastly mixtures of sepiolite rods and gibbsite plates in both aqueous and non-aqueous solvents were explored. It was found in both cases that the opposite charge on the particles led to gelation of the particles which inhibited any demixing. For the aqueous system it was found that adsorption of sodium poly acrylate to the surface of the gibbsite particles was able to reverse the sign of the particle which reSUlting in a stable dispersion of the rod and plate particles similar to that seen for the mixtures of sepiolite and montmorillonite.
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Yin, Chang. "Evolution of phage-type RNA polymerases in higher plants". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16270.
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In mono- und eudikotylen Pflanzen kodiert eine Genfamilie (RpoT, RNA-Polymerase des T3/T7-Typs) mitochondriale und plastidäre RNA-Polymerasen (RNAP), die den ungeraden T-Phagen-Polymerasen ähneln. RpoT-Gene von Angiospermen sind gut charakterisiert, während aus tiefer abzweigenden Pflanzenspecies bisher lediglich die Gene aus dem Moos Physcomitrella beschrieben wurden. Um einen Beitrag zur Aufklärung der molekularen Evolution der RpoT-Polymerasen im Pflanzenreich zu liefern und um Erkenntnisse über die potentielle Bedeutung von multiplen Phagen-Typ (RNAP) in Pflanzen zu gewinnen, wurden die RpoT-Gene aus dem Lycophyten Selaginella moellendorffii und aus dem basalen Angiosperm Nuphar advena identifiziert und charakterisiert. Selaginella moellendorffii (Moosfarn)-Trace-Sequenzdaten mit hoher Ähnlichkeit zu RpoT-Sequenzen von Angiospermen wurden benutzt, um das full-length SmRpoT-Gen und die entsprechende cDNA zu isolieren. Die SmRpoT-mRNA ist 3542 nt lang und weist einen offenen Leserahmen von 3006 nt auf, der für ein putatives Protein aus 1002 Aminosäuren mit einer molekularen Masse von 113 kDa kodiert. Das SmRpoT-Gen besteht aus 19 Exons und 18 Introns, die in ihren Positionen mit denen aus den Angiosperm- und Physcomitrella-Genen konserviert sind. Mittels Southernblot-Analyse wurde nachgewiesen, dass S. moellendorffii ein single-copy RpoT-Gen kodiert. Für das N-terminale Transitpeptid von SmRpoT konnte gezeigt werden, dass es bei transienter Expression in Arabidopsis- und Selaginella-Protoplasten den Transport von GFP (green fluorescent protein) exclusiv in Mitochondrien vermittelt. In N. advena wurden mittels Screening einer BAC-Bibliothek drei RpoT-Gene identifiziert. Sowohl die genomischen als auch die cDNA-Sequenzen wurden aufgeklärt. Die NaRpoT-mRNAs kodieren putative Polypeptide von 996, 990 und 985 Aminosären. Alle drei Gene besitzen 19 Exons und 18 Introns, die in ihren Positionen mit denen der RpoT-Gene aus Selaginella und allen anderen Landpflanzen konserviert sind. Die kodierten Proteine weisen auf Aminosäureebene einen hohen Konservierungsgrad auf, einschließlich aller essentiellen Regionen und Aminosäurereste, die für die T7-RNAP bekannt sind. Die N-terminalen Transitpeptide zweier der kodierten RNAP, NaRpoTm1 und NaRpoTm2, vermittelten den Import von GFP exclusiv in Mitochondrien, während die dritte Polymerase, NaRpoTp, in Chloroplasten importiert wurde. Interessanterweise muß die Translation der NaRpoTp-mRNA an einem CUG-Codon initiiert werden, um ein funktionelles Protein mit plastidärem Transitpeptid zu erhalten. Die N. advena RpoTp-RNAP ist somit neben AGAMOUS aus Arabidopsis und der RpoTp-RNAP aus Nicotiana, ein weiteres Beispiel für jene selten vorkommenden pflanzlichen mRNAs, deren Translation exclusiv an nicht-AUG-Codons initiiert wird. Die Rekonstruktion von phylogenetischen Bäumen resultierte in unterschiedlichen Positionen für die Selaginella- und Nuphar-Polymerasen: Im Gegensatz zu der RpoT-Polymerase aus S. moellendorffii und denen aus Physcomitrella, die in den phylogenetischen Analysen Schwesterpositionen zu allen anderen Phagentyp-RNAP der Angiospermen einnehmen, clusterten die Nuphar-RpoTs zusammen mit den deutlich separierten mitochondrialen (NaRpoTm1 und NaRpoTm2) und plastidären (NaRpoTp) Polymerasen. Selaginella kodiert eine einzige mitochondriale RNAP, während Nuphar zwei mitochondriale und eine plastidäre RNAP besitzt. Die Identifizierung einer Plastiden-lokalisierten Phagentyp-RNAP in diesem basalen Eudikotylen, die ortholog zu allen anderen RpoT-Enzymen der Blütenpflanzen ist, läßt darauf schließen, daß die Acquisition einer nukleär kodierten plastidären RNAP, die noch in den Lycopoden fehlt, nach der Trennung der Leucopoden von allen anderen Tracheophyten erfolgte. Eine “dual-targeting” RNAP (mitochondrial und plastidär lokalisiert), wie sie in Eudikotylen, nicht jedoch in Monokotylen vorkommt, wurde weder in Selaginella noch in Nuphar nachgewiesen, vermutlich ist sie ein evolutionäres Novum von eudikotylen Pflanzen wie Arabidopsis.In mono- and eudicot plants, a small nuclear gene family (RpoT, RNA polymerase of the T3/T7 type) encodes mitochondrial as well as chloroplast RNA polymerases homologous to the T-odd bacteriophage enzymes. RpoT genes from angiosperms are well characterized, whereas data from deeper branching plant species until recently were limited to the moss Physcomitrella. To elucidate the molecular evolution of the RpoT polymerases in the plant kingdom and to get more insight into the potential importance of having more than one phage-type RNA polymerase (RNAP) available, we identified and characterized RpoT genes in the lycophyte Selaginella moellendorffii and the basal eudicot Nuphar advena. Selaginella moellendorffii (spikemoss) sequence trace data encoding a polypeptide highly similar to angiosperm and moss phage-type organelle RNA polymerases were used to isolate a BAC clone containing the full-length gene SmRpoT as well as the corresponding cDNA. The SmRpoT mRNA comprises 3452 nt with an open reading frame of 3,006 nt, encoding a putative protein of 1,002 amino acids with a molecular mass of 113 kDa. The SmRpoT gene comprises 19 exons and 18 introns, conserved in their position with those of the angiosperm and Physcomitrella RpoT genes. Using Southern blot analysis, it was shown that S. moellendorffii encodes a single RpoT gene. The N-terminal transit peptide of SmRpoT was shown to confer targeting of green fluorescent protein (GFP) exclusively to mitochondria after transient expression in Arabidopsis and Selaginella protoplasts. In Nuphar advena three RpoT genes were identified by BAC library screening. Both genomic gene sequences and full-length cDNAs were determined. The NaRpoT mRNAs specify putative polypeptides of 996, 990 and 985 amino acids, respectively. All three genes comprise 19 exons and 18 introns, conserved in their positions with those from S. moellendorffii and the RpoT genes of other land plants. The encoded proteins show a high degree of conservation at the amino acid sequence level, including all functional crucial regions and residues known from the phage T7 RNAP. The N-terminal transit peptides of two of the encoded polymerases, NaRpoTm1 and NaRpoTm2, conferred targeting of GFP exclusively to mitochondria, whereas the third polymerase, NaRpoTp, was targeted to chloroplasts. Remarkably, translation of NaRpoTp mRNA has to be initiated at a CUG codon to generate a functional plastid transit peptide. Thus, besides AGAMOUS in Arabidopsis and the Nicotiana RpoTp polymerase, N. advena RpoTp provides another example for a plant mRNA that is exclusively translated from a non-AUG codon. Reconstruction of phylogenetic trees revealed different positions of the RpoTs from the lycophyte Selaginella and the basal eudicot Nuphar. In contrast to the RpoTs of S. moellendorffii and those of the moss Physcomitrella, which are according to the phylogenetic analyses in sister positions to all other phage-type polymerases of angiosperms, the Nuphar RpoTs clustered with the well separated clades of mitochondrial (NaRpoTm1 and NaRpoTm2) and plastid (NaRpoTp) polymerases. Selaginella encodes a single mitochondrial RNAP, whereas Nuphar harbors two mitochondrial and one plastid phage-type polymerases. Identification of a plastid localized phage-type RNAP in this basal eudicot, orthologous to all other RpoTp enzymes of flowering plants, suggests that the acquisition of a nuclear encoded plastid RNA polymerase, not present in lycopods, took place after the split of lycopods from all other tracheophytes. A dual-targeted mitochondrial and plastid RNA polymerase (RpoTmp), as present in eudicots but not monocots, was not detected in Nuphar or Selaginella suggesting that its occurrence is an evolutionary novelty of eudicotyledoneous plants like Arabidopsis.
21
Mawet, D., P. Wizinowich, R. Dekany, M. Chun, D. Hall, S. Cetre, O. Guyon et al. "Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer: concept and phased implementation". SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622026.
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The Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) is a cost-effective upgrade path to the W.M. Keck observatory (WMKO) adaptive optics (AO) system, building on the lessons learned from first and second-generation extreme AO (ExA0) coronagraphs. KPIC will explore new scientific niches in exoplanet science, while maturing critical technologies and systems for future ground-based (TMT, FELT, GMT) and space-based planet imagers (HabEx, LUVOIR). The advent of fast low-noise IR cameras (IR-APD, MKIDS, electron injectors), the rapid maturing of efficient wavefront sensing (WFS) techniques (Pyramid, Zernike), small inner working angle (IWA) coronagraphs (e.g., vortex) and associated low-order wavefront sensors (LOWFS), as well as recent breakthroughs in high contrast high resolution spectroscopy, open new direct exoplanet exploration avenues that are complementary to planet imagers such as VLT-SPHERE and the Gemini Planet Imager (GPI). For instance, the search and detailed characterization of planetary systems on solar-system scales around late-type stars, mostly beyond SPHERE and GPI's reaches, can be initiated now at WMKO.
22
Zhang, Michael, Heather A. Knutson, Tiffany Kataria, Joel C. Schwartz, Nicolas B. Cowan, Adam P. Showman, Adam Burrows et al. "Phase Curves of WASP-33b and HD 149026b and a New Correlation between Phase Curve Offset and Irradiation Temperature". IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/627035.
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We present new 3.6 and 4.5 mu m Spitzer phase curves for the highly irradiated hot Jupiter WASP-33b and the unusually dense Saturn-mass planet HD 149026b. As part of this analysis, we develop a new variant of pixel-level decorrelation that is effective at removing intrapixel sensitivity variations for long observations (>10 hr) where the position of the star can vary by a significant fraction of a pixel. Using this algorithm, we measure eclipse depths, phase amplitudes, and phase offsets for both planets at 3.6 and 4.5 mu m. We use a simple toy model to show that WASP-33b's phase offset, albedo, and heat recirculation efficiency are largely similar to those of other hot Jupiters despite its very high irradiation. On the other hand, our fits for HD 149026b prefer a very high albedo. We also compare our results to predictions from general circulation models, and we find that while neither planet matches the models well, the discrepancies for HD 149026b are especially large. We speculate that this may be related to its high bulk metallicity, which could lead to enhanced atmospheric opacities and the formation of reflective cloud layers in localized regions of the atmosphere. We then place these two planets in a broader context by exploring relationships between the temperatures, albedos, heat transport efficiencies, and phase offsets of all planets with published thermal phase curves. We find a striking relationship between phase offset and irradiation temperature: the former drops with increasing temperature until around 3400 K and rises thereafter. Although some aspects of this trend are mirrored in the circulation models, there are notable differences that provide important clues for future modeling efforts.
23
Kern, Brian. "Experimental investigation of the hydrodynamics of a plunging two-phase plane jet". Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-06212006-153659/.
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Hong, Christian I. "Mathematical Modeling of Circadian Rhythms in Drosophila melanogaster". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42168.
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Circadian rhythms are periodic physiological cycles that recur about every 24 hours, by means of which organisms integrate their physiology and behavior to the daily cycle of light and temperature imposed by the rotation of the earth. Circadian derives from the Latin word circa "about" and dies "day". Circadian rhythms have three noteworthy properties. They are endogenous, that is, they persist in the absence of external cues (in an environment of constant light intensity, temperature, etc.). Secondly, they are temperature compensated, that is, the nearly 24 hour period of the endogenous oscillator is remarkably independent of ambient temperature. Finally, they are phase shifted by light. The circadian rhythm can be either advanced or delayed by applying a pulse of light in constant darkness. Consequently, the circadian rhythm will synchronize to a periodic light-dark cycle, provided the period of the driving stimulus is not too far from the period of the endogenous rhythm.
A window on the molecular mechanism of 24-hour rhythms was opened by the identification of circadian rhythm mutants and their cognate genes in Drosophila, Neurospora, and now in other organisms. Since Konopka and Benzer first discovered the period mutant in Drosophila in 1971 (Konopka and Benzer, 1971), there have been remarkable developments. Currently, the consensus opinion of molecular geneticists is that the 24-hour period arises from a negative feedback loop controlling the transcription of clock genes. However, a better understanding of this mechanism requires an approach that integrates both mathematical and molecular biology. From the recent discoveries in molecular biology and through a mathematical approach, we propose that the mechanism of circadian rhythm is based upon the combination of both negative and positive feedback.Master of Science
25
YAGAMI, Hisanori y Tomomi UCHIYAMA. "Numerical Simulation of Particle-Laden Plane Mixing Layer by Three-Dimensional Vortex Method". The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/9219.
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Frindt, Nicole Ursula Hannelore [Verfasser] y Rasmus R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Schröder. "Development and implementation of electrostatic Zach phase plates for phase contrast transmission electron microscopy / Nicole Ursula Hannelore Frindt ; Betreuer: Rasmus R. Schröder". Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/117738048X/34.
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Frindt, Nicole [Verfasser] y Rasmus R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Schröder. "Development and implementation of electrostatic Zach phase plates for phase contrast transmission electron microscopy / Nicole Ursula Hannelore Frindt ; Betreuer: Rasmus R. Schröder". Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:16-heidok-145700.
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Botha, Paul Jacobus. "Detecting change in complex process systems with phase space methods". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/508.
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Purekar, Ashish Sudhakar. "Piezoelectric phased array acousto-ultrasonic interrogation of damage in thin plates". College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3402.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: Aerospace Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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陳柏源 y Pak-yuen Dennis Chan. "Phase revitalization of tenement houses in Yaumatei". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31986298.
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Schoelles, Gerondelis Ann Isabell. "A personal exploration into the conceptualization phase of the design process". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24161.
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Schmälzlin, Elmar, Joost T. van Dongen, Ingo Klimant, Bettina Marmodée, Martin Steup, Joachim Fishahn, Peter Geigenberger y Hans-Gerd Löhmannsröben. "An optical multifrequency phase-modulation method using microbeads for measuring intracellular oxygen concentrations in plants". Universität Potsdam, 2005. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2007/1223/.
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A technique has been developed to measure absolute intracellular oxygen concentrations in green plants. Oxygen-sensitive phosphorescent microbeads were injected into the cells and an optical multifrequency phase-modulation technique was used to discriminate the sensor signal from the strong autofluorescence of the plant tissue. The method was established using photosynthesis-competent cells of the giant algae Chara corallina L., and was validated by application to various cell types of other plant species.
33
Modeste, Fabrice. "Couplage en ligne de la chromatographie en phase liquide avec la chromatographie en phase gazeuse : application à la détermination de traces d'insecticides pyréthrinoïdes dans des extraits végétaux". Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066824.
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Verin, Pierre. "Etude chimique des constituants volatils de plantes aromatiques du Brésil". Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20093.
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Dans ce travail sont presentes les resultats d'analyses chimiques de constituants volatils obtenus a partir de 34 especes aromatiques recoltees au bresil et representatives des familles suivantes: myrtaceae (30), labiatae (2), gramineae (1) et verbenaceae (1). Dans la famille des myrtaceae un classement chimiotaxonomique base sur les voies biosynthetiques empruntees par leurs constituants a ete propose. Parmi les especes examinees certaines sont interessantes pour la composition chimique de leur huile essentielle: - sur le plan scientifique ; notre etude a permis l'isolement et l'identification de composes naturels nouveaux dont les caracteristiques spectrales sont decrites et discutees. - en raison d'une teneur elevee en certains composes susceptibles d'etre utilises dans des domaines divers tels que les cosmetiques ou l'agroalimentaire, ou potentiellement interessants pour leur activite biologique
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Liu, Shibo. "Numerical and experimental study on residual stresses in laser beam welding of dual phase DP600 steel plates". Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ISAR0003/document.
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Le procédé de soudage laser est largement utilisé dans les travaux d'assemblage, en particulier, dans ledomaine de l'industrie automobile. L'acier dual phase DP600 est un acier à haute résistance qui permet deréduire le poids de l'automobile dans le cadre de l'allègement des structures. Notre travail s' estessentiellement basé sur l'évaluation des contraintes résiduelles générées dans l'acier DP600 lors du soudagepar laser. Deux approches ont été réalisées. L'approche expérimentale a été réalisée à l'aide de méthodes derayon X et par neutrons pour calculer les contraintes résiduelles. L'approche de simulation a été réalisée parcouplage de différentes formulations numériques.Numériquement, le formalisme de la mécanique continue a été utilisé par des simulations par éléments finis(FEM) pour analyser et évaluer les contraintes résiduelles. Sur la base de tests de traction expérimentaux, lemodèle constitutif élasto-thermo-plastique de l'acier DP600 a été identifié. L'écrouissage du matériau a étéétudié par la loi de Ludwik et de Voce. A partir de résultats experimentaux, un modèle a été proposé et lesrésultats analysés en utilisant une loi de mélange martensite (écrouissage Ludwik) et ferrite (adoucissementde Voce). De même, nous avons étudié la sensibilité à la température en utilisant plusieurs modèles :Johnson-Cook, Khan, Chen. A partir de cette étude, nous avons proposé un modèle de sensibilité à tatempérature. Enfin, un modèle de sensibilité à la déformation plastique, à la vitesse de déformation issu destravaux d'A.Gavrus et un modèle d'anisotropie planaire définit par la théorie de Hill ont été ajoutés.Une méthode d'automate cellulaire (CA) 2D a été programmée pour simuler l'évolution de la microstructurelors de la solification liée au processus de soudage laser. Dans ce modèle, les phénomènes de nucléationavec prise en compte de l'orientation de la croissance, de la concentration et de la vitesse de croissance àl'interface solide/liquide, l'anisotropie de la tension de surface, de la diffusion, ainsi que la fraction desphases en présence ont été pris en compte. De plus, les équations de conservation ont été étudiées en détail etanalysés. Les résultats ainsi que le champ de température issu du modèle FEM ont été importés dans lemodèle CA. En comparant la simulation et les résultats expérimentaux, de bonnes concordances ont ététrouvées.Par la suite, nous avons réalisés un couplage des deux modèles CA et FEM. Concernant le procédé laser, lesrésultats du modèle par éléments finis ont été analysés. La géométrie de l'échantillon, la source de chaleur,les conditions aux limites, le comportement thermo-mécanique de l'acier dual phase DP600 telles que laconductivité, la densité, la chaleur spécifique, l'expansion, l'élasticité et la plasticité sont introduites. Lesmodèles d'analyse du terme d'écrouissage, de la sensibilité à la vitesse de déformation, de la sensibilité à latempérature, de l'anisotropie plastique et de l'anisotropie élastique ont été simulés. Les fractions volumiquesconcernant ta nature des deux phases en présence ont été également étudiées.Les résultats numériques finaux tes contraintes résiduelles ont été étudiées. Les comparaisons avec desmesures experimentales ont montré à la fois quels phénomènes étudiés sont prépondérants et tes effets moinsinfluents sur l'évaluation des contraintes résiduelles. Les résultats tes plus probants ont montré des bonnesconvergences entre l'approche numérique et expérimentale. Ces résultats confortent la robustesse du modèlenumérique developpéLaser welding process is widely used in assembly work of automobi le industry. DP600 dual phase steeis a high strength steel to reduce automobile weight. Residual stresses are produced during laser weldingDP600. Continuum mechanics is used for analyzing res idual stresses by finite element simulation.Based on experimental tensile tests, the DP600 steel constitutive model are identified. The hardening termaccording to Ludwik law, Voce law and a proposed synthesis model are studied. The temperature sensitivityof Johnson-Cook, Khan, Chen and a proposed temperature sensitivity model are investigated. The strain ratesensitivity model proposed by A. Gavrus and planar anisotropy defined by Hi ll theory are also used.Cellul ar Automaton (CA) 20 method are programed for the simulation of solidification microstructureevolution during laser welding process. The temperature field of CA are imported from finite element analysimodel. The analysis function of nucleation, solid fraction, interface concentration, surface tension an isotropy,diffusion, interface growth ve locity and conservation equations are presented in detail. By comparing thesimulation and experimental results, good accordances are found.Modelling by a finite element method of laser welding process are presented. Geometry of specimen, heatsource, boundary conditions, DP600 dual phase steel material properties such as conductivity, density, specifiheat, expansion, elasticity and plasticity are introduced. Models analyzing hardening term, strain ratesensitivity, temperature sensitivity, plastic an isotropy and elastic an isotropy are simulated.The numerical results of laser welding DP600 steel process are presented. The influence of hardening term,strain rate sensitivity, temperature sensitivity and anisotropy on residual stresses are analyzed. Comparisonwith experimental data show good numerical accuracy.Keywords: Laser Welding, DP600, Residual Stress, Cellular Automaton, Hardening, Temperature sensitivity,Strain Rate Sensitivity, Anisotropy, Mixture dual phase law
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Thakkar, Kairavee K. "A Geometric Analysis of Time Varying Electroencephalogram Vectors". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1613745734396658.
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Diakodimitris, Christophe. "Conception et optimisation d'un système de micro-lubrification pour couronne multi-plans". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209335.
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Wang, Jing. "A Study of Limited-Diffraction Array Beam and Steered Plane Wave Imaging". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1146240142.
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Matsuda, Yoshinobu. "Polar-Plane-Free Faceted InGaN-LEDs toward Highly Radiative Polychromatic Emitters". Doctoral thesis, Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253285.
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京都大学0048
新制・課程博士
博士(工学)
甲第22449号
工博第4710号
新制||工||1736(附属図書館)
京都大学大学院工学研究科電子工学専攻
(主査)教授 川上 養一, 教授 野田 進, 教授 山田 啓文
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering)
Kyoto University
DFAM
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Zhao, Ge. "Phage display screening and expression in plants of peptide aptamers that bind to PthA". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2001. http://etd.fcla.edu/etd/uf/2001/ank7130/gezhao-thesis-final.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 2001.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 116 p.; also contains graphics. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-115).
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Yavuz, Merve. "Investigation Of Occurrence And Fate Of Biocides In Wastewater Treatment Plants And Surface Waters". Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615634/index.pdf.
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Biocides are widely used as a preservative or as an antiseptic agent in consumer care products such as
toothpaste, mouthwash, and soaps, as well as in household cleaners and even in textiles due to their
high antimicrobial effectiveness. The usage of this compounds results in discharge to wastewater
treatment plants and so into surface waters.
Their existence in the environment is of importance due to their negative effects on aquatic
environment microorganisms and human health in terms of occurrence in surface waters and their fate
in wastewater treatment plants.
In this scope, this study focuses on occurrence and fate of selected biocides, namely triclosan (TCS)
and chlorhexidine (CHD), in wastewater treatment plants and in surface waters. It was aimed to
determine the biocides levels in surface water and wastewater in Turkey. For the wastewater treatment
plant (WWTP) studies, several WWTPs with different process configurations, namely, Tatlar WWTP,
METU WWTP, Kayseri WWTP and Antalya WWTPs were selected. Composite wastewater samples
were taken from various points along the WWTPs on a seasonally basis for one year period. For the
surface water part, samples were taken monthly from three different sources with different pollution
levels, namely, Kesikköprü
Reservoir, Ç
amlidere Reservoir and Eymir Lake for one year period. All water samples were analyzed for their biocide level using liquid chromatography, following solid phase cartridge extraction. As a result of analyses, TCS concentration in surface water samples was detected as in the range of 0.65-11.15 ng/L, 0.86-48.96 ng/L and 0.86-757.7 ng/L for clean, moderately polluted and polluted water sources respectively. The recovery of solid phase extraction analyses for TCS was achieved as %92. CHD concentration was determined as in the range of <
1.33-5.31 ng/L for surface water samples and the recovery of extraction were calculated as %96 for CHD. The concentration of TCS in wastewater samples was measured as in the range of 1.77-94.47 ng/L and 1.40-15.09 ng/L for influent and effluent samples respectively. These ranges became 1.39-10.45 ng/L and <
1.32-2.44 ng/L for CHD. The highest concentrations of biocides were observed in sludge samples with concentrations of 1117-3687 &mu
g/kg and 510-2742 &mu
g/kg for TCS and CHD. Biocide removal efficiency of primary and biological treatment together was reported as % 67.5±
8.2 in January 2012 Tatlar WWTP analyses.
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LE, DUC EMMANUEL. "Conjugaison de phase dans les plans minces nonlineaires resonants. Utilisation dans le cadre d'un correlateur optique rapide". Paris 11, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA112072.
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Ce travail consiste en la realisation d'un correlateur optique ultra-rapide utilisant une diode laser compacte et la nonlinearite de vapeurs de cesium confinees dans une cellule de quelques dizaines de microns d'epaisseur. Au debut de la these, je decris le principe de fonctionnement du correlateur a partir d'un processus de melange a quatre ondes degenere en frequence. Je demontre que le nombre de pixels qui peut y etre traite est inversement proportionnel a l'epaisseur du materiau. J'explique le choix des vapeurs de cesium. Je decris ensuite les diodes laser et les cellules minces utilisees. Je decris enfin le dispositif de controle de la densite de vapeur. La diminution du nombre d'atomes simultanement en resonance avec les trois ondes est a l'origine de la chute de l'intensite du signal de conjugaison de phase lorsque l'angle entre les ondes pompe avant et sonde augmente. Ce signal resulte de la lecture simultanee de deux reseaux (un de reflexion, l'autre de transmission) inscrits dans le materiau. On montre la possibilite d'isoler leurs contributions respectives par un choix convenable de la polarisation de chacun des trois faisceaux. Nous caracterisons le materiau en realisant un correlateur a un pixel. Nous montrons l'existence d'une temperature pour laquelle la reflectivite est maximale. La faible epaisseur de la cellule (20 microns) engendre un signal sur les transitions non cycliques. Conformement aux previsions, le temps de reponse est d'environ 50 nanosecondes. La resolution spatiale mesuree est d'environ 10 microns. En introduisant les images a l'aide d'ecrans a cristaux liquides, nous realisons un vrai correlateur fonctionnant a la cadence video. Nous montrons que le dispositif peut fonctionner jusqu'a une cadence video de 20 kilohertz. La reponse nonlineaire du materiau confere de plus au correlateur des proprietes algorithmiques interessantes. Nous avons montre que ces materiaux presentent une excellente sensibilite et une grande rapidite. Ils pourront servir de reference lors du developpement de nouveaux materiaux nonlineaires utilises pour la correlation
43
McCullough, Christopher A. "Factors that influence the effectiveness of assessment plans in the improvement and sustainment phase in colleges and universities". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5304.
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Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 2007.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xvi, 497 p. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 462-468).
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Philippe, Isabelle. "L'eutypiose de la vigne (Eutypa lata) : détection de l'eutypine dans les plantes malades et altérations cytologiques de la feuille". Toulouse, INPT, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPT023A.
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Eutypa lata, champignon responsable de l'eutypiose de la vigne (vitis vinifera l. ) synthetise, en milieu liquide agite, une pytotoxine isolee et caracterisee, appelee eutypine (hydroxy-4 (methyl-3 butene-1)-3 benzaldehyde). L'objectif de cette etude etait de deceler la presence de toxine dans les ceps malades et d'identifier les cibles cellulaires des composes toxiques en analysant les desordres cytologiques de feuilles in vivo et in vitro. La chromatographie gazeuse couplee a la spectrometrie de masse en tandem (cg-sm-sm) a permis de demontrer la presence d'eutypine dans la seve brute et les inflorescences de varietes sensibles (cabernet-sauvignon, sauvignon et ugni blanc). La toxine, presente egalement dans les tiges et les feuilles de cabernet-sauvignon malade est absente du materiel sain. La demonstration, pour la premiere fois, de l'existence d'eutypine dans les ceps malades constitue un resultat majeur de ce travail. La detection de la toxine dans les feuilles nous a conduit a l'etude des alterations cytologiques subies par cet orage, qui presente des necroses dans les conditions naturelles du vignoble ou apres confrontation avec l'eutypine. L'observation cytologique revele effectivement des similitudes entre certaines modifications cellulaires des feuilles malades prelevees au vignoble observees en microscopie electronique (chloroplastes presentant, soit une dilatation des thylakoides, soit une accumulation d'amidon) et les desordres observes en microscopie photonique sur feuilles de vitroplants placees en presence d'eutypine (chloroplastes hypertrophies, disperses dans les cellules et pourvus de gros grains d'amidon). Cet ensemble de resultats cytologiques observes in vivo et in vitro suggere que la destruction du systeme foliaire sous l'action de l'eutypine, peut etre la cause, au moins partielle, de la mort des ceps
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Miquel, Jean-Charles. "Modélisation des effets de la compétition interspécifique et des pratiques sylvicoles sur la croissance de jeunes plants forestiers". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AGPT0003.
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La plantation est un outil intéressant pour mettre en œuvre des stratégies de gestion forestière et constitue également une étape critique du cycle de gestion forestière. Durant cette période, la préparation du site est très souvent employée pour assurer le succès de la plantation en l’allégeant de contraintes telles que la compétition exercée par la végétation accompagnatrice.Les modèles de croissance sont largement utilisés depuis de nombreuses années et sont des outils efficaces pour simuler l’impact des opérations sylvicoles et de la compétition. Toutefois, il n’existe actuellement en France aucun modèle de croissance des arbres permettant d'évaluer ou de comparer les opérations sylvicoles réalisées au cours des jeunes stades, même pour des essences commerciales cultivées couramment. La plupart d'entre eux sont des modèles phénoménologiques décrivant les variables dendrométriques en fonction des caractéristiques techniques des opérations sylvicoles réalisées. Ces modèles produisent généralement des prédictions robustes mais difficilement extrapolable en dehors de leurs conditions d’application. D’autres modèles, dit fonctionnels, se basent sur les processus écophysiologique afin d'estimer la croissance des semis mais nécessitent cependant d’un nombre de paramètres qui peuvent être difficiles à obtenir et, en outre, produisent des prévisions de croissance des arbres qui ne sont pas toujours solides. Des modèles hybrides qui mêlent méthodes de mensuration et méthodes écophysiologique sont une approche prometteuse qui permet d'utiliser des relations fonctionnelles exprimant la croissance des arbres tout en obtenant une prédiction robuste de la croissance.La fougère aigle (Pteridium aquilinum L. Kuhn) est l'une des espèces problématiques pour le succès des jeunes plantations. Elle réagit rapidement à l’ouverture de la canopée et se révèle très compétitrice pour les ressources du milieu (notamment l'eau et lumière), pouvant ainsi retarder le développement des jeunes arbres pendant plusieurs annéesPlanting is an interesting tool for implementing forest management strategies and is also a critical step in the forest management cycle. During this period, site preparation is very often used to ensure the success of the plantation by alleviating constraints such as competition from accompanying vegetation.Growth models have been widely used for many years and are effective tools for simulating the impact of silvicultural operations and competition. However, there is currently no tree growth model in France to assess or compare silvicultural operations carried out during young stages, even for commonly cultivated commercial species. Most of them are phenomenological models describing the dendrometric variables as a function of the technical characteristics of the silvicultural operations carried out. These models generally produce robust predictions that are difficult to extrapolate outside of their application conditions. Other models, said to be functional, are based on ecophysiological processes in order to estimate the growth of the seedlings but however require a number of parameters which can be difficult to obtain and, in addition, produce tree growth forecasts which are not always accurate. Hybrid models that combine measurement methods and ecophysiological methods are a promising approach that allows the use of functional relationships expressing tree growth while obtaining a robust prediction of growth.The eagle fern (Pteridium aquilinum L. Kuhn) is one of the problematic species for the success of young plantions. It reacts quickly to the opening of the canopy and is very competitive for the resources of the environment (especially water and light), thus being able to delay the development of young trees for several years
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De, Rose Miriana. "The hazard of sour gas produced in anaerobic digestion plants". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
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Biogas has been recognized to be an alternative energy source to conventional fossil-fuel. It is a way to reduce waste and get energy at the same time. Anaerobic Digestion plants are the main biogas producers, but many safety issues are linked to the process of converting organic matter into energy source.
This work of thesis is focused on the hazard of sour gases, hydrogen sulphide and methane in particular, which are biogas-based constituents. The hazard evaluation was conducted to identify the impact, in terms of humans and environment; the characterization and the quantification of the critical effect zone has been carried out.
The case studies were evaluated by means Phast programme, a hazard analysis software, and through simulations on the CFD-Computational Fluid Dynamic software, ANSYS FLUENT.
Three case studies were implemented, considering mixture compositions of methane and hydrogen sulphide, present in different percentage.
The results obtained show that toxicity is the main issue of biogas release in terms of safety distance if
the hydrogen sulphide concentration is relevant.
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Grande, Helder Luciani Casa. "Modelos de dímeros em redes planas. Matriz de transferência e soluções por meio da representação de férmions". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-12052009-100334/.
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Resolvemos o modelo de d´meros em duas redes planas diferentes, a rede 4-8 e a rede hexagonal (favo de mel). Na rede 4-8 ocorre uma transição do tipo Ising (bidimensional); na rede hexagonal há uma transição conhecida como 3/2. Após a definição do modelo mostramos que o cálculo da função de partição pode ser formulado em termos do traço de uma matriz de transferência escrita numa representação de matrizes de Pauli. Usando a transformação de Jordan-Wigner, os operadores de Pauli são transformados em operadores de criação e aniquilação de férmions, e a matriz de transferência pode ser diagonalizada pela redução a um problema de férmions livres. Comparamos as soluções do modelo de dímeros na rede 4-8 e do modelo de Ising bidimensional; em particular, comparamos o comportamento do calor específico e analisamos o espectro da matriz de transferência. Verificamos que as nossas soluções concordam com resultados obtidos pelas técnicas combinatórias. Utilizamos a formulação da matriz de transferência para construir uma versão de tempo contínuo dos modelos de dímeros nas redes quadrada, 4-8 e hexagonal. Ao contrário do modelo de Ising, no caso dos dímeros essa aproximação de tempo contínuo altera a natureza do comportamento crítico.We solve the dimer model on two different planar lattices, the 4-8 lattice and the honeycomb lattice. In the dimer model on the 4-8 lattice there is a phase transition of the (two-dimensional) Ising type; on the honeycomb lattice there is a phase transition known as 3/2. After defining the model we show that the calculation of the partition function can be formulated as the trace of a transfer matrix that is written in terms of Pauli matrices. Using the Jordan-Wigner transformation, the Pauli matrices give rise to fermion creation and annihilation operators, and the problem is reduced to the diagonalization of a system of free fermions. We compare the solutions of the dimer model on the 4-8 lattice and of the two-dimensional Ising model; in particular, we compare the behavior of the specific heat and we analyze the spectrum of the transfer matrix. These solutions agree with well-known results from combinatorial techniques. We then use the transfer matrix approach to obtain a continuum time formulation for the dimer models on the square, 4-8 an d honeycomb lattices. In contrast to the Ising case, for the dimer models this approximation changes the nature of critical behavior.
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Seizinger, Alexander [Verfasser] y Wilhelm [Akademischer Betreuer] Kley. "The first phase of planet formation : Collisional behavior and mechanical properties of dust aggregates / Alexander Seizinger ; Betreuer: Wilhelm Kley". Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1162897414/34.
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Gerber, Candice. "READING TAKES YOU PLACES: A narrative exploration into Intermediate Phase English teachers' experiences with and orientations towards literature teaching". Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33742.
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The aim of this narrative study is to explore the development of five Intermediate Phase English teachers' literate habitus and its influence on their conceptions of literacy, and approaches to literature teaching and texts. Literate habitus (Gennrich & Janks, 2013) captures how a teacher's social background, personal, and professional experiences can play a role in how they negotiate literacy, texts and teaching. Drawing on new literacy studies and a sociocultural approach to literacy pedagogy, links are drawn between the development of each teacher's literate habitus, the conceptions they hold of literacy as autonomous, ideological, or some mix thereof (Gee, 2015), and their approaches to the teaching of texts. Luke and Freebody's four resources model (1999) was used to describe pedagogical choices advocated in the teachers' descriptions of their teaching. Practices involving critical and culturally sustaining pedagogies (Hall, 1998; Luke & Freebody, 1999; Hall, Janks, 2010; Clark & Fleming, 2019), were also traced. Data was collected in the form of semi-structured narrative interviews with five Intermediate Phase English teachers from a variety of backgrounds, teacher education and teaching experiences. Analysis of their narratives through a combination of thematic and discourse analysis, shows the connections between each teacher's literate habitus, their conceptions of literacy, and their described approach to literature teaching. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that the ways in which each teacher negotiated their own habitus, by either accepting, or attempting to adjust or disrupt it, had an influence how they perceived themselves as successful literature teachers. Notably, the Black participants in the study made the largest conscious effort to disrupt their habitus, as they were intent on providing their learners with access to literature learning that was more racially inclusive than their own narrated schooling experiences. Additionally, common factors influencing literature teaching were identified across the interviews, including the use of reading aloud and activities encouraging learner ownership, text relatability, and curricular and institutional limitations on teacher agency. How each teacher chose to negotiate these factors differed, largely in alignment with their literate habitus and conceptions of literacy. This study shows, therefore, that the ways in which a teacher's literate habitus is formed, entrenched, adjusted, or disrupted through their varying experiences plays a role in determining their conceptions of and approaches to literature teaching and texts, so much so that it influences the ways in which they negotiate the factors that exist in their classrooms, such as their perceptions of effective practices, the relatability of the text itself, or the restrictions placed upon their agency as a teacher.
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Quenum, Alphonse Codjo. "Étude de l'encrassement des échangeurs de chaleur en géométrie plane modélisation et simulation expérimentale par dépôt de glace". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL139N.
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L’objet du présent rapport est l'étude de l'encrassement des échangeurs de chaleur à plaques. On s'intéresse à l'encrassement par changement de phase, et plus particulièrement à la solidification dans une phase liquide. Ce travail comporte deux parties : une première partie, qui est une étude numérique, permet d'explorer l'influence de certains paramètres (débit, température), le type de refroidissement (symétrique ou asymétrique), ainsi que l’aspect stationnaire et instationnaire du refroidissement et de la solidification. La seconde partie, qui est expérimentale, a permis d'analyser l'influence des paramètres tels que (débits et températures des deux fluides) sur l'évolution du dépôt de glace les résultats expérimentaux ont permis en outre de faire une application du critère entropique de l'étude thermodynamique de l'encrassement, développée sur la géométrie plane.