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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Plant bioassay"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 25 de julio de 2025

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1

McKenzie, C. L., and B. Cartwright. "Susceptibility of Aphis gossypii (Glover) to Insecticides as Affected by Host Plant Using a Rapid Bioassay." Journal of Entomological Science 29, no. 3 (1994): 289–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-29.3.289.

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The susceptibility of Aphis gossypii (Glover) reared on watermelon or cotton to seven insecticides was determined using a Petri dish bioassay. Baseline susceptibility values to each insecticide for susceptible laboratory A. gossypii colonies varied between host plants, but aphids reared on cotton were generally more tolerant to insecticides than aphids from watermelon. The ratio of relative susceptibility of cotton aphids to melon aphids was as much as 1000 with dimethoate or 415 with bifenthrin, however, no significant differences in susceptibility was observed with chlorpyrifos between aphid

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2

Araújo, Ademir Sérgio Ferreira, and Regina Teresa Rosim Monteiro. "Plant bioassays to assess toxicity of textile sludge compost." Scientia Agricola 62, no. 3 (2005): 286–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162005000300013.

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Composting of industrial wastes is increasing because of recycling requirements set on organic wastes. The evaluation of toxicity of these wastes by biological testing is therefore extremely important for screening the suitability of waste for land application. The toxicity of a textile sludge compost was investigated using seed germination and plant growth bioassays using soybean and wheat. Compost samples were mixed with water (seed germination bioassay) or nutrient solution (plant growth bioassay) at concentrations of 0, 19, 38, 76 and 152 g L-1. No negative effects were observed after five

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3

Ortega, Marta, José L. Alonso-Prados, Mercedes Villarroya, and José M. García-Baudín. "Detection of Phytotoxic Soil Residues of Hexazinone and Simazine by a Biological Test Using Lepidium sativum L. var. Cresson." Weed Technology 18, no. 3 (2004): 505–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-03-055.

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Current plant bioassays included in the guidelines for testing pesticides do not include the measurement of reproduction endpoints. A bioassay, based on reduction of flowering of cress was developed to detect soil residues of hexazinone and simazine at levels of 0.02 and 0.10 ppm, respectively. The endpoint used in the described bioassay is the percentage of plant viability that implies that the tested plants have reached the flowering stage. It was found that sensitivity of cress is lower in soils containing higher organic matter.

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4

Kemppainen, R., H. Avikainen, M. Herranen, O. Reinikainen, and R. Tahvonen. "PLANT BIOASSAY FOR SUBSTRATES." Acta Horticulturae, no. 644 (February 2004): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2004.644.28.

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5

Heap, I. M. "Identification and documentation of herbicide resistance." Comptes rendus 75, no. 4 (2005): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/706075ar.

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Proactive herbicide resistance management programs rely upon early detection of resistant populations and knowledge of which combinations of weed and herbicide are prone to the development of resistance. Annual weeds that are prolific seed producers, genetically diverse, and repeatedly exposed to a single herbicide mode of action, are prone to rapid development of resistance. When resistance is suspected, seed samples are collected and evaluated using a whole plant bioassay. Whole plant bioassays are conducted underfield, growth room, or Petri dish conditions. Complete dose response curves for

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6

Khalil, Yaseen, Kadambot H. M. Siddique, Phil Ward, et al. "A bioassay for prosulfocarb, pyroxasulfone and trifluralin detection and quantification in soil and crop residues." Crop and Pasture Science 69, no. 6 (2018): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp18026.

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Three experiments were conducted to develop a bioassay method for assessing the bioavailability of prosulfocarb, pyroxasulfone and trifluralin in both crop residue and soil. In preliminary experiments, Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) were tested as bioassay plant species for the three pre-emergent herbicides. Four growth parameters (shoot length, root length, fresh weight and dry weight) were measured for all plant species. Shoot-length inhibition was identified as the most responsive to the herbicide application rates.

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7

Catalán-Barrera, Orlando, Alejandro Alarcón, Ronald Ferrera-Cerrato, Dulce Jazmín Hernández-Melchor, Arely Anayansi Vargas-Díaz, and Ofelia Ferrera-Rodriguez. "FOLIAR AND ROOT INOCULATION OF LETTUCE PLANTS WITH BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM MELIPONIDS IN COMBINATION WITH ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI AND PHOSPHORUS APPLICATION." Chilean journal of agricultural & animal sciences 41, no. 1 (2025): 100–119. https://doi.org/10.29393/chjaas41-10froo60010.

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This research evaluated the plant growth-promoting effects of the inoculation of bacterial strains isolated from meliponids (stingless bees) in lettuce. Two bioassays were performed under greenhouse conditions. In the first bioassay, eleven bacterial strains previously isolated from meliponids were inoculated through leaves or roots of lettuce seedlings; greenness index (SPAD units), leaf area, and dry weight (aerial, root and total) were evaluated using a completely randomized design, and the two bacteria with the highest plant- promoting capacity were selected. In the second bioassay, the se

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8

Matthiessen, J. N., and M. A. Shackleton. "Advantageous attributes of larval whitefringed weevil, Naupactus leucoloma (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) for bioassaying soil fumigants, and responses to pure and plant-derived isothiocyanates." Bulletin of Entomological Research 90, no. 4 (2000): 349–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000748530000047x.

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AbstractFirst instars of the soil-inhabiting whitefringed weevil, Naupactus leucoloma(Boheman), are a particularly good bioassay model for assessing volatile soil fumigants and biofumigants. Eggs are readily obtained and can be stored for long periods with larvae hatched on demand and the first instar is non-feeding, surviving without food or shelter. Longevity varies with temperature, but readily accommodates the period required to conduct bioassays without appreciable mortality of untreated controls. In vitro bioassays of pure methyl isothiocyanate, the active ingredient from metham sodium s

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9

Han, D. Y., D. L. Coplin, W. D. Bauer, and H. A. J. Hoitink. "A Rapid Bioassay for Screening Rhizosphere Microorganisms for Their Ability to Induce Systemic Resistance." Phytopathology® 90, no. 4 (2000): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2000.90.4.327.

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We developed a rapid and miniaturized bioassay for screening large numbers of rhizosphere microorganisms for their ability to induce systemic resistance to bacterial leaf spot of radish caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae. In this bioassay, Pantoea agglomerans strain E278Ar controlled symptoms of disease as effectively as 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid when applied to the roots of seedlings produced in growth pouches in a soilless system. E278Ar essentially did not migrate from seedling roots to the foliage. This suggests that induction of systemic resistance could best explain the

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10

Aalders, L. T., R. Minchin, R. A. Hill, M. Braithwaite, N. L. Bell, and A. Stewart. "Development of a tomato/root knot nematode bioassay to screen beneficial microbes." New Zealand Plant Protection 62 (August 1, 2009): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2009.62.4802.

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In common with other root knot nematodes Meloidogyne hapla is a serious plant pest A rapid screening system for candidate microbes that benefit plant growth is a first step to developing screening bioassays in other plantnematode systems Cultures of M hapla established on tomatoes were used to define the nematode damage function and required bioassay duration for this plantpest system followed by scaleup to a glasshouse level The quantities of Meloidogyne inoculum were chosen such that they would cause minor moderate or severe plant damage; hence the degree of protection afforded by the microb

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11

Elden, T. C. "Laboratory Screening Techniques for Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Resistance to Twospotted Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae)." Journal of Entomological Science 34, no. 1 (1999): 132–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-34.1.132.

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Thirty-one soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, accessions from maturity groups II through VIII were evaluated in excised and intact (whole plant) leaf bioassays to determine the ability of these bioassays to detect differences in susceptibility to the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. Although there were few significant differences between bioassays for variables measured within maturity groupings, the excised leaf bioassay which was easier to set up and monitor and took three-fourths less growth chamber space also had less variation among replications and repeated tests and det

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12

Brooks, F. E. "Detached-Leaf Bioassay for Evaluating Taro Resistance to Phytophthora colocasiae." Plant Disease 92, no. 1 (2008): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-1-0126.

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Taro leaf blight disease, caused by Phytophthora colocasiae, is a major limiting factor in taro production worldwide. P. colocasiae is an aerial pathogen similar to P. infestans, causal agent of potato late blight disease, but occurs in warmer climates. In the year-round subsistence cropping systems of the Pacific Islands, resistant cultivars are essential. Breeding lines from Southeast Asia and Oceania were tested in American Samoa for resistance to taro leaf blight using a detached-leaf bioassay and field trials. Mean lesion diameters from bioassays were highly correlated with field estimate

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13

Ranft, R. D., S. S. Seefeldt, M. Zhang, and D. L. Barnes. "Development of a Soil Bioassay for Triclopyr Residues and Comparison with a Laboratory Extraction." Weed Technology 24, no. 4 (2010): 538–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-09-00055.1.

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The use of triclopyr for the removal of woody and broad-leaf vegetation in right-of-ways and agricultural settings has been proposed for Alaska. Triclopyr concentrations in soil after application are of concern because residual herbicide may affect growth of subsequent vegetation. In order to measure triclopyr residues in soil and determine the amount of herbicide taken up by the plant, soil bioassays were developed. Four agricultural species, turnip, lettuce, mustard, and radish, were tested to determine sensitivity to triclopyr in a 1-wk bioassay. The sensitivity (I50) of turnip, lettuce, mu

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14

Kumar, Rohit, Vijay Kumar, and Priyanka Bhatt. "Residual toxicities of some plant essential oils against Cotton Aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover." Journal of Biopesticides 17, no. 01 (2024): 08–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.57182/jbiopestic.17.1.08-14.

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Insecticidal activities of four essential plant oils Artemisia vulgaris (Burn), Cymbopogon flexuosus (Steud), Tagetes minuta (Khakibush) and Rosmarinus officinalis (Linneaus) were evaluated against Aphis gossypii by using leaf dip and residue contact bioassay techniques respectively. Artemisia vulgaris oil was found to be most toxic in residue contact as compared to leaf dip bioassay. The LC50 of A. vulgaris was 0.118% and 0.179% at 24 hours after exposure (HAE) in residue contact and leaf dip bioassay methods respectively. The order of toxicity at 48 HAE was as follows A. vulgaris (0.104%) &g

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15

Selim, Salah A., Steven W. O'Neal, Merrill A. Ross, and Carole A. Lembi. "Bioassay of Photosynthetic Inhibitors in Water and Aqueous Soil Extracts with Eurasian Watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum)." Weed Science 37, no. 6 (1989): 810–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004317450007288x.

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Eurasian watermilfoil, an aquatic flowering plant, was found to be a suitable bioassay plant for the detection of photosynthetic inhibitor herbicides in water and aqueous extracts of soil. Stock cultures of Eurasian watermilfoil were maintained in an algal-free medium under constant environmental conditions. Oxygen evolution from three lateral shoots 3 to 5 cm in length was measured before and after herbicide treatment. Inhibition of photosynthesis was detected within 10 min of treatment. Concentrations as low as 5.9 × 10–8M terbacil and 6.4 × 10–8M diuron were detected in water. Simazine, atr

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16

Shilaluke, Kolwane Calphonia, and Annah Ntsamaeeng Moteetee. "Insecticidal Activities and GC-MS Analysis of the Selected Family Members of Meliaceae Used Traditionally as Insecticides." Plants 11, no. 22 (2022): 3046. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11223046.

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The environmental and health risks associated with synthetic pesticides have increased the demand for botanical insecticides as safer and biodegradable alternatives to control insect pests in agriculture. Hence in this study, five Meliaceae species were evaluated for their insecticidal activities against the Spodoptera frugiperda and the Plutella xylostella larvae, as well as their chemical constituents. Repellence, feeding deterrence, and topical application bioassays were employed to evaluate their insecticidal activities. GC-MS analysis was performed to identify chemical compounds present i

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17

Scheck, Heather J., Marilyn L. Canfield, Jay W. Pscheidt, and Larry W. Moore. "Rapid Evaluation of Pathogenicity in Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae with a Lilac Tissue Culture Bioassay and Syringomycin DNA Probes." Plant Disease 81, no. 8 (1997): 905–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.8.905.

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Losses from diseases caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae occur on a large number of deciduous woody plants in commercial nurseries in the Pacific Northwest. Bioassays for pathogenicity are one step in the identification of P. syringae pv. syringae and are usually performed on the host of isolation; however, woody plants can take months to develop symptoms. A bioassay with highly susceptible lilac (Syringa vulgaris ‘Sensation’) tissue culture plantlets evaluated pathogenicity in strains of P. syringae pv. syringae isolated from 25 species of deciduous woody plants. DNA colony hybridizat

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18

Gatch, Emily W., and Lindsey J. du Toit. "A Soil Bioassay for Predicting the Risk of Spinach Fusarium wilt." Plant Disease 99, no. 4 (2015): 512–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-08-14-0804-re.

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The maritime Pacific Northwest is the only region of the United States suitable for production of spinach seed, a cool-season, daylength-sensitive crop. However, the acidic soils of this region are highly conducive to spinach Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. spinaciae. Rotations of at least 10 to 15 years between spinach seed crops are necessary to reduce the high risk of losses to this disease. The objectives of this study were to develop a greenhouse soil bioassay to assess the relative risk of Fusarium wilt in fields intended for spinach seed production, and to identify so

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19

Hatzinikolaou, Ageliki S., Ilias G. Eleftherohorinos, and Ioannis B. Vasilakoglou. "Influence of Formulation on the Activity and Persistence of Pendimethalin." Weed Technology 18, no. 2 (2004): 397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-03-121r1.

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The activity of emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulation of pendimethalin was studied using a petri dish bioassay based on root response of corn, oat, sorghum, and sugar beet grown in soil. Furthermore, the oat bioassay was used to determine the activity of EC, microencapsulated (ME), and water-dispersible granule (WDG) formulations of pendimethalin. Also, field persistence in soil of these pendimethalin formulations was studied with petri dish and pot bioassays, based on root response of oat and sugar beet. All bioassays indicated that activity of all pendimethalin formulations was increased

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20

Castle, S. J., N. Prabhaker, T. J. Henneberry, and N. C. Toscano. "Host plant influence on susceptibility of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) to insecticides." Bulletin of Entomological Research 99, no. 3 (2008): 263–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485308006329.

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AbstractA resistance monitoring program conducted for the polyphagous whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), in Imperial Valley, CA, USA generated a large set of LC50s for adults collected from broccoli, cantaloupe and cotton crops over a four-year period. A vial bioassay and, subsequently, a yellow-sticky card bioassay produced similar temporal profiles of relative susceptibilities to the pyrethroid insecticide bifenthrin. Both bioassays revealed that whiteflies collected from broccoli were significantly less susceptible to bifenthrin compared to the other two crops. A similar finding was obse

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21

Tardif, François J., and Gilles D. Leroux. "Rhizome Bud Viability of Quackgrass (Elytrigia repens) Treated with Glyphosate and Quizalofop." Weed Technology 4, no. 3 (1990): 529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00025914.

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The effect of the isopropylamine salt of glyphosate and the ethyl ester of quizalofop on the rhizome bud viability of five quackgrass biotypes was tested. Two bioassays used were: direct measure of the growth of the bud on an agar medium and determination of the respiratory activity with tetrazolium chloride. The response to herbicide treatments differed among biotypes. The growth bioassay showed lower viability than the tetrazolium bioassay. Quizalofop reduced viability more than glyphosate. Viability of untreated buds increased with increasing distance from the base of the rhizome. The viabi

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22

Ashok, Kumar, CP Singh, and Ram Sant. "Response of Plant Hormone bioassay to Paclobutrazol." International Journal of Plant Science and Horticulture 1, no. 3 (2019): 150–62. https://doi.org/10.36811/ijpsh.2019.110014.

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Quantitative estimation of a known or suspected biologically active substance (such as a hormone or drug) by measuring its effect on a living organism in standard conditions is known as bioassay. The interaction of gibberellic acid (GA3) and paclobutrazol (PBZ) in lettuce hypocotyl bioassay and 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP) and paclobutrazol in radish cotyledon enlargement test that paclobutrazol counteracts gibberellin activity when applied exogenously. The radish cotyledon enlargement at low concentration without counteracting BAP action. The reduction of growth to be counteracting of gibberell

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23

Santos, J. R. A., and D. I. Leskovar. "Interference from Broccoli Residue on Brassica Germination and Seedling Growth." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 122, no. 5 (1997): 715–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.122.5.715.

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Germination bioassays were conducted to assess if water-soluble extracts of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica L.) affect germination of broccoli, cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L.), and cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis L.). Greenhouse experiments also examined the phytotoxic potential of soil previously cropped with broccoli and broccoli plant parts on seedling growth of those species. The first bioassay used nonsterile extracts (NSEs) and filter-sterilized extracts (FSEs) of broccoli leaves. The second bioassay used nonsterile and filter-sterilized leaf e

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24

Fitriyah, Fauziatul, Muhammad Abdul Aziz, Sri Wahyuni, et al. "Biostimulant Activity of <i>Sargassum</i> sp. Extracts on Early Growth of <i>Zea mays</i> L. and the Phytohormones Content Analysis." Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology 7, no. 2 (2022): 69178. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.69178.

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Seaweed has been gaining global interest in agriculture for the development of marine-based plant biostimulants. This research aimed to study the effect of three different liquid extracts of Sargassum sp., acidic, alkaline, and water extract, on the germination and early growth of maize and to evaluate the phytohormones content responsible for the growth. Phytohormones content including Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellins (GA), kinetin and zeatin were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and bioassay was performed twice on maize. Parameters observed on the bioassay

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25

KANZAKI, Hiroshi, Toshihiko KAGEMORI, Satomi ASANO, and Kazuyoshi KAWAZU. "Improved Bioassay Method for Plant Transformation Inhibitors." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 62, no. 12 (1998): 2328–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.62.2328.

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FYLES, J. W., I. H. FYLES, and M. C. FELLER. "COMPARISON OF NITROGEN MINERALIZATION IN FOREST FLOOR MATERIALS USING AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC INCUBATION AND BIOASSAY TECHNIQUES." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 70, no. 1 (1990): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss90-008.

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Nitrogen mineralization in five forest floors of differing morphological characteristics was compared using a greenhouse plant bioassay and laboratory aerobic and anaerobic incubations. Forest floors dominated by F materials mineralized more N and had higher k values than those dominated by H. Plant N uptake in the bioassay was highly correlated with N mineralized during the laboratory incubations across all forest floors but was 50–80% lower than predictions based on first-order kinetic parameters derived from the aerobic incubation. The relationship between bioassay plant uptake and predicte

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27

Gomes, Simone Azevedo, Aline Teixeira Carolino, Thais Berçot Pontes Teodoro, et al. "The Potential of Metarhizium anisopliae Blastospores to Control Aedes aegypti Larvae in the Field." Journal of Fungi 9, no. 7 (2023): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9070759.

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Entomopathogenic fungi are promising as an environmentally benign alternative to chemical pesticides for mosquito control. The current study investigated the virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae blastospores against Aedes aegypti under both laboratory and field conditions. Virulence bioassays of conidia and blastospores were conducted in the laboratory, while field simulation bioassays were conducted under two conditions: totally shaded (TS) or partially shaded (PS). In the first bioassay (zero h), the larvae were added to the cups shortly after the preparation of the blastospores, and in the s

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SONG, JA-EUN, JEONG-MOON KIM, NA-HYUN LEE, JI-YEON YANG, and HOI-SEON LEE. "Acaricidal and Insecticidal Activities of Essential Oils against a Stored-Food Mite and Stored-Grain Insects." Journal of Food Protection 79, no. 1 (2016): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-109.

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ABSTRACT Twenty plant-derived oils were evaluated for their acaricidal and insecticidal activities against Sitotroga cerealella, Sitophilus oryzae, Sitophilus zeamais, and Tyrophagus putrescentiae adults, by using the fumigant and filter paper diffusion methods. Responses varied with bioassay systems, insect or mite species, plant oils, and exposure time. Based on the 50% lethal dose (LD50) values against S. oryzae and S. zeamais in the fumigant bioassay, Anethum graveolens oil (4.12 and 1.12 μg/cm3, respectively) induced the highest mortality, followed by Achillea millefolium (21.92 and 14.91

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Yung-Tse Hung, London Voss, Howard H. Paul, and Christopher R Huhnke. "Bioassay of industrial and hazardous waste pollutants: A review." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 20, no. 2 (2024): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2024.20.2.0306.

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Every industry produces waste pollutants that can cause harm to the environment. Consistent contaminants into the environment affect human health and ecosystems. While these environmental consequences can be monitored through chemical and technological approaches, its effect on living organisms creates another approach. Both plant and animal bioassays have shown promising results to monitoring pollution especially with observing early effects. These biological wastewater treatment processes provide an imperative low cost option to underdeveloped countries because preserving the environment tak

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30

Ranjith, Sellappan, Thangavel Kalaiselvi, Muruganagounder Muthusami, and Uthandi Sivakumar. "Maize Apoplastic Fluid Bacteria Alter Feeding Characteristics of Herbivore (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Maize." Microorganisms 10, no. 9 (2022): 1850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091850.

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Maize is an important cereal crop which is severely affected by Spodoptera frugiperda. The study aims to identify endophytic bacteria of maize root and leaf apoplastic fluid with bioprotective traits against S. frugiperda and plant growth promoting properties. Among 15 bacterial endophytic isolates, two strains—namely, RAF5 and LAF5—were selected and identified as Alcaligenes sp. MZ895490 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MZ895491, respectively. The bioprotective potential of B. amyloliquefaciens was evaluated through bioassays. In a no-choice bioassay, second instar larvae of S. frugiperda fed o

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Galdino, Tarcísio Visintin da Silva, Marcelo Coutinho Picanço, Elisangela Gomes Fidelis de Morais, Nilson Rodrigues Silva, Geverson Aelton Rezende da Silva, and Mayara Cristina Lopes. "Bioassay method for toxicity studies of insecticide formulations to Tuta absoluta (meyrick, 1917)." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 35, no. 5 (2011): 869–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542011000500002.

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Chemical control is the main method for controlling the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Reported techniques for the evaluation of insecticide toxicity to the tomato leafminer are not in agreement with field conditions and do not allow us to verify whether doses used in the field are efficient for control. Thus, the objective of this work was to develop a bioassay methodology to study the toxicity of insecticide formulations to T. absoluta that represent field conditions for fast-acting insecticides (neurotoxics and inhibitors of respiration) and slow

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32

Harrison, Howard F., Amnon Levi, and C. S. Kousik. "A Survey of Watermelon Germplasm for Inhibitory Seed Exudates." HortScience 43, no. 1 (2008): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.1.138.

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Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus v. lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai] seed exudates are inhibitory to germination and seedling growth of other plant species. A miniature bioassay experiment that measured proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) radicle growth was used to assess the inhibition caused by seed exudates of 125 genotypes of watermelon and related Citrullus species. Exudates of most genotypes were not inhibitory; however, exudates of 53 accessions reduced radicle growth in comparison with the control. In subsequent proso millet radicle growth experiments, genotypes were found to vary in

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Markell, S. G., and L. J. Francl. "Fusarium Head Blight Inoculum: Species Prevalence and Gibberella zeae Spore Type." Plant Disease 87, no. 7 (2003): 814–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.7.814.

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The objectives of this study were to examine the relative abundance of Gibberella zeae ascospores and conidia and other Fusarium species on wheat spikes in a field environment, to relate inoculum counts of G. zeae to airborne spore counts, and to evaluate an inoculum bioassay technique. The inoculum levels of Fusarium species and airborne spores of G. zeae were measured in North Dakota during the 1999, 2000, and 2001 growing seasons. Spores were collected from wheat spikes in a 24-h potted-plant bioassay in a fallowed field and in a spring wheat plot bioassay. Inoculum levels of Fusarium speci

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Soriano, Gabriele, Claudia Petrillo, Marco Masi, et al. "Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant Retama raetam as Potential Biopesticides." Toxins 14, no. 5 (2022): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14050311.

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To cope with the rising food demand, modern agriculture practices are based on the indiscriminate use of agrochemicals. Although this strategy leads to a temporary solution, it also severely damages the environment, representing a risk to human health. A sustainable alternative to agrochemicals is the use of plant metabolites and plant-based pesticides, known to have minimal environmental impact compared to synthetic pesticides. Retama raetam is a shrub growing in Algeria’s desert areas, where it is commonly used in traditional medicine because of its antiseptic and antipyretic properties. Fur

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Sridhar, Vaddi, Avverahally Thammanna Sadashiva, Vala Keshava Rao, Padavala Swathi, and Hanamant Shivalingappa Gadad. "Trichome and biochemical basis of resistance against Tuta absoluta in tomato genotypes." Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 17, no. 03 (2019): 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147926211800062x.

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AbstractSouth American tomato moth, Tuta absoluta, a serious pest of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in tropics and subtropics, is rapidly spreading world over. Twenty one wild/cultivated/advanced breeding lines of tomato were screened for resistance to T. absoluta under greenhouse conditions (choice bioassay) and promising genotypes were evaluated further for their antibiosis activity through no choice bioassay under in-vitro conditions. From 21 genotypes screened, six wild accessions viz., S. pennellii (LA 1940); S. chilense (LA 1963); S. arcanum (LA 2157); S. lycopersicum (LA1257) and S. corn

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36

Jackson, D. Michael, and Janice R. Bohac. "ADULT AND LARVAL BIOASSAYS FOR DETERMINING RESISTANCE OF SWEETPOTATO GENOTYPES TO Diabrotica SPP." HortScience 40, no. 3 (2005): 869a—869. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.3.869a.

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Production of sweetpotatoes is severely limited by several insect pests, and new pest management approaches for this crop are needed. A host plant resistance research program typically depends on reliable bioassay procedures to streamline evaluation of germplasm. Thus, bioassay procedures were developed for both adults and larvae of two cucumber beetle species (Diabrotica balteata and D. undecimpunctata). For the adult bioassay, a piece of sweetpotato peel (periderm & cortex with stele removed) was embedded periderm-side up in plaster in a Petri dish, and a single adult was placed on it. P

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Nourinejhad Zarghani, Shaheen, Mehran Monavari, Amin Nourinejhad Zarghani, et al. "Quantifying Plant Viruses: Evolution from Bioassay to Infectivity Dilution Curves along the Model of Tobamoviruses." Viruses 16, no. 3 (2024): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v16030440.

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This review describes the development of the bioassay as a means of quantifying plant viruses, with particular attention to tobamovirus. It delves into various models used to establish a correlation between virus particle concentration and the number of induced local lesions (the infectivity dilution curve), including the Poisson, Furumoto and Mickey, Kleczkowski, Growth curve, and modified Poisson models. The parameters of each model are described, and their application or performance in the context of the tobacco mosaic virus is explored. This overview highlights the enduring value of the in

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Moradi, Faramarz, Hossein Arouiee, and Seyyed Neamati. "Bioassay of Flavonoids Crataegus oxyacantha with Plant Bionanosensor." Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, E. Medical Entomology & Parasitology 10, no. 2 (2018): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbse.2018.26511.

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Germida, J. J., R. E. Karamanos, and J. W. B. Stewart. "A Simple Microbial Bioassay for Plant Available Manganese." Soil Science Society of America Journal 49, no. 6 (1985): 1411–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1985.03615995004900060016x.

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40

Feiler, Ute, Ilona Kirchesch, and Peter Heininger. "A new plant-based bioassay for aquatic sediments." Journal of Soils and Sediments 4, no. 4 (2004): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02991122.

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Castro, C. E., N. O. Belser, H. E. McKinney, and I. J. Thomason. "Quantitative bioassay for chemotaxis with plant parasitic nematodes." Journal of Chemical Ecology 15, no. 4 (1989): 1297–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01014831.

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42

Alim, Md Abdul, Janghoon Song, Un Taek Lim, Jang Jeon Choi, and Md Alamgir Hossain. "Bioassay of Plant Extracts AgainstAleurodicus dispersus(Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)." Florida Entomologist 100, no. 2 (2017): 350–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1653/024.100.0234.

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43

Chanway, C. P., and L. M. Nelson. "Tissue culture bioassay for plant growth promoting rhizobacteria." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 23, no. 4 (1991): 331–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(91)90187-o.

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44

van de Vossenberg, B. T. L. H., M. P. E. van Gent-Pelzer, M. Boerma, L. P. van der Gouw, T. A. J. van der Lee, and J. H. Vossen. "An Alternative Bioassay for Synchytrium endobioticum Demonstrates the Expression of Potato Wart Resistance in Aboveground Plant Parts." Phytopathology® 109, no. 6 (2019): 1043–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-01-19-0024-r.

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The obligate biotrophic chytrid species Synchytrium endobioticum is the causal agent of potato wart disease. Currently, 39 pathotypes have been described based on their interaction with a differential set of potato varieties. Wart resistance and pathotyping is performed using bioassays in which etiolated tuber sprouts are inoculated. Here, we describe an alternative method in which aboveground plant parts are inoculated. Susceptible plants produced typical wart symptoms in developing but not in fully expanded aboveground organs. Colonization of the host by S. endobioticum was verified by scree

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Conn, Kenneth L., George Lazarovits, and Jerzy Nowak. "A gnotobiotic bioassay for studying interactions between potatoes and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 43, no. 9 (1997): 801–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m97-117.

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A gnotobiotic bioassay, using potato plantlets derived from single-node explants and grown in test tubes containing potato nodal cutting medium (PNCM), was found to be highly useful for investigations of direct growth promotion by a nonfluorescent Pseudomonas sp. strain PsJN. Strain PsJN was used to optimize and evaluate this bioassay for purposes of screening other rhizosphere bacteria and identification of Tn5 mutants of strain PsJN deficient in growth-promoting properties. The selection of potato cultivar used in this bioassay was critical, as growth promotion of potatoes by strain PsJN was

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46

Mukaromah, Arnia Sari, Yekti Asih Purwestri, and Yoshiharu Fujii. "Determination of Allelopathic Potential in Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) Leaf Litter Using Sandwich Method." Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology 21, no. 2 (2017): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijbiotech.16456.

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The sandwich method is a reliable screening bioassay that can be utilized to investigate allelopathic activity of leaf litter leachates. Screening the allelopathic potential of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) leaf litter in plant–plant interaction using the sandwich bioassay method has not been reported. The research objectives were to determine and categorize allelopathic potential of S. macrophylla leaf litter using the sandwich bioassay method, and to determine specific activity (EC550). S. macrophylla leaf litter. The results showed that S. macrophylla leaf litter exhibited strong al

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Cubillos-Hinojosa, Juan Guillermo, Pablo Ernesto Milian Mindiola, Jorge Luis Hernández Mulford, and Arnaldo De Jesús Peralta Castilla. "Biological fixation of nitrogen by native isolates of Rhizobium sp. symbionts of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit." Acta Agronómica 68, no. 2 (2019): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/acag.v68n2.69322.

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Forage legumes such as Leucaena leucocephala, besides being a rich source of protein for animal feed, its inclusion in silvopastoral systems provides fundamental components to improve soil properties. These plants have the ability to establish symbiotic association with the genus Rhizobium sp. and fix biologically atmospheric nitrogen favoring growth and development, being reflected in production increases. The objective of this research was to evaluate the capacity of native isolates of Rhizobium sp. and a commercial strain in biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in L. leucocephala plants. Two

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48

Srivastava, Naina. "Assessment of the effects of fungicide (Thiram) on somatic cells of broad bean (Vicia faba L.)." Environment Conservation Journal 23, no. 1&2 (2022): 392–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.0211306.2372.

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Present study was carried out to know the impact of fungicide (Thiram) on somatic cells of broad bean (Vicia faba L.). Thiram is one of the most effective fungicide. Significant inhibition of mitotic index and increase in the frequencies of chromosome aberrations were observed. Results of the study indicate that both the plant bioassay found to be sensitive indicators for the genotoxicity assessment as the outcome of majority test system. Using plant bioassays for testing and monitoring environmental chemicals or pollution has many advantages. The mitotic index decreases due to exposure of pla

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Gray, Morgan A., Kevin A. Nguyen, Wei Hao, Rodger J. Belisle, Helga Förster, and James E. Adaskaveg. "Mobility of Oxathiapiprolin and Mefenoxam in Citrus Seedlings After Root Application and Implications for Managing Phytophthora Root Rot." Plant Disease 104, no. 12 (2020): 3159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-20-0391-re.

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Oxathiapiprolin is highly effective in the management of Phytophthora root rot of citrus; however, its uptake into plants after soil application is not known. This was investigated and compared with mefenoxam using potted citrus seedlings sampled 7, 10, 13, and 16 days after soil treatments. Bioassays and high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy (HPLC-MS/MS) were used to quantify fungicide amounts in plant extracts. Distinct inhibition zones of mycelial growth of Phytophthora citrophthora were observed in bioassays when root, stem, or leaf extracts were added to filter p

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Xu, Xian, Gui Qi Wang, Si Long Chen, Cui Qin Fan, and Bing Hua Li. "Confirmation of Flixweed (Descurainia sophia) Resistance to Tribenuron-Methyl Using Three Different Assay Methods." Weed Science 58, no. 1 (2010): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-09-034.1.

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Research was conducted to establish a method to investigate the resistance level of flixweed to tribenuron-methyl and the evolved biochemical resistance mechanism. Four resistant biotypes were collected from wheat fields in Mazhuangcun, Jiacun, Dishangcun, and Bafangcun in the Hebei province of China where tribenuron-methyl had been continuously used for more than 10 yr. Two susceptible biotypes were collected from wheat fields where tribenuron-methyl was never applied. Different biotypes were assessed by petri-dish bioassay, whole-plant bioassay, and acetolactate synthase (ALS) assay. Compari

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