Artículos de revistas: "PNAP"

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Yan, Z., J. C. Holt, G. J. Stewart y S. Niewiarowski. "Neutrophil-activating intercrine secreted by porcine platelets is active without proteolytic processing". American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 265, n.º 5 (1 de noviembre de 1993): C1396—C1404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1993.265.5.c1396.

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A new member of the cytokine intercrine alpha-subfamily, porcine neutrophil-activating peptide 2 (pNAP-2), was isolated to homogeneity. Amino acid sequencing analysis showed two species of pNAP-2, a long form (pNAP-2-L) and a short form (pNAP-2-S). pNAP-2-L had seven more amino acids at the NH2-terminus than pNAP-2-S. The remaining amino acid sequences of the two molecules were identical. pNAP-2-S shared 65% homology with human neutrophil-activating peptide 2 (hNAP-2) including four cysteines in identical positions. Moreover, the NH2-terminal sequence Glu-Leu-Arg (E-L-R) was conserved in both molecules. Both pNAP-2-L and pNAP-2-S induced mobilization of cytosolic calcium in neutrophils and caused release of granulocyte elastase in a dose-dependent manner, although pNAP-2-L was less active. A desensitization study suggested that both hNAP-2 and pNAP-2-S may act on the same receptor. Whereas human platelets release inactive precursors that can be converted to hNAP-2 by cathepsin G from activated neutrophils, porcine platelets, upon stimulation with thrombin, appear to secrete active forms of pNAP-2. The activated neutrophils are not involved in the generation of pNAP-2.

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Costa, Alexandre Marino, Andreza Regina Lopes da Silva, Annye Cristiny Tessaro, Denise Aparecida Bunn, Érika Alessandra Salmeron Silva, Fabiana Mendes de Carvalho, Marcos Baptista Lopez Dalmau y Paula Balbis Garcia. "Elaboração do livro-texto: o caso do Programa Nacional de Formação em Administração Pública". RENOTE 7, n.º 3 (21 de diciembre de 2009): 467–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-1916.13590.

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Este estudo tem como objetivo construir o mapa conceitual da produção do livro-texto do Programa Nacional de Formação em Administração Pública - PNAP e identificar a equipe envolvida no processo. O estudo é caracterizado como exploratório, descritivo, estudo de caso, com caráter bibliográfico e qualitativo. A partir dos fundamentos teóricos referentes à Educação a Distância e mapas conceituais associado a análise prática do processo existente no PNAP, construiu-se o mapa conceitual. Esta construção contribuiu para que se identificasse o real fluxo de produção organizando as etapas envolvidas.

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Genova, Elenuel T., Mario N. Abeto y Noel N. Lebrilla. "CHMSC-BFAR Community Based Environmental Conservation". International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, n.º 7 (18 de agosto de 2020): 1365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20jul676.

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In 2012, The Philippine National Aquasilviculture Project (PNAP) was forged and formally launched by the Department of Agriculture - Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (DABFAR). To implement the PNAP, a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) was executed by and between BFAR and the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) on December 16, 2011. The study was conducted to assess the status and development of the PNAP program implemented in Southern Negros, at four (4) Municipalities and two (2) Cities. The BFAR downloaded a total fund amounting Php 10,148,812.50 for the four (4) phases of the program wherein, the Php 6,422,762.5 was spent for resource rehabilitation (mangrove planting); Php 845,000.00 for Aquasilviculture; Php 1,140,000.00 for Multi-species hatchery and Php 1,741,050.00 for administrative costs. The total paid mangrove propagules planted in Southern Negros was 978,000 with 30% buffer with a total of 1,144,260 survived propagules planted in 130.4 hectares of coastal land in Southern Negros and commensurate 673 direct beneficiaries. The 274 fisherfolk beneficiaries augmented income from Aquasilviculture project while a total of 1,284 berried wild bluecrab which estimated to produce up to 2 million eggs have been reared in Multi-species hatchery. A conservative estimate of 1% survival in natural habitat under natural conditions represented the contribution of the project for the beleaguered bluecrab capture fisheries. The beneficiaries really appreciate the efforts made by CHMSC-Binalbagan as program implementer based on their responses on the given important factors of service delivery to the community.

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Buzgova, Radka, Radka Kozakova, Lucie Sikorova, Renata Zelenikova y Darja Jarosova. "Development and psychometric evaluation of patient needs assessment in palliative care (PNAP) instrument". Palliative and Supportive Care 14, n.º 2 (8 de abril de 2015): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951515000061.

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AbstractObjective:Although assessment of palliative patients' needs is a key issue in palliative care, a suitable instrument for identification of such needs is not available in Central European countries. Our objectives were to produce an adequate tool for identifying the importance and satisfaction of palliative patients' needs and to verify its psychometric properties.Method:The patient needs assessment in palliative care (PNAP) instrument was constructed based on a literature review and qualitative research (focus groups, n = 5). The psychometric properties of the questionnaire were verified by a cross-sectional study. The convergent validity of the questionnaire was determined by confirmatory factor analysis. Furthermore, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and construct validity were also tested. The qualitative research group comprised 30 participants (27 experts in palliative care, 1 patient, and 2 family members). Psychometric properties were evaluated in a group of 349 hospital inpatients terminally ill with chronic disease or cancer and receiving palliative care.Results:Based on the qualitative data analysis, a questionnaire was constructed that contained 42 items grouped into 5 domains. When testing the psychometric properties of the questionnaire, a new model containing 40 items in 7 domains was produced. Cronbach's α for the entire PNAP questionnaire was 0.89 on the importance scale and 0.80 on the satisfaction scale. Test–retest reliability was higher than 0.7 for all domains in both scales.Significance of Results:The results of tests on the psychometric properties of the PNAP questionnaire showed at least satisfactory validity and reliability, and it can be employed to assess the needs of palliative care patients in Central European countries.

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Ishida, Jéssica Sayuri, Silvio Roberto Stefano y Sandra Mara de Andrade. "Avaliação da satisfação no ensino de pós à distância: a visão dos tutores e alunos do PNAP/UAB". Avaliação: Revista da Avaliação da Educação Superior (Campinas) 18, n.º 3 (noviembre de 2013): 749–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1414-40772013000300012.

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Este artigo se originou da pesquisa que teve como objetivo analisar o grau de satisfação dos acadêmicos e tutores em relação aos cursos de especialização do Programa Nacional de Administração Pública (PNAP), da Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste - UNICENTRO. Para isso, utilizou-se como metodologia a pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, bem como a quantitativa. Para a coleta de dados optou-se pela aplicação de questionários, o qual teve a participação de 72 acadêmicos dos oito polos, envolvendo os três cursos do PNAP, os quais são a Gestão Pública, Gestão Pública Municipal e Gestão da Saúde, além de 50 tutores presenciais e a distância. Com base na análise das informações coletadas, verificou-se que há altos índices de satisfação, tanto de acadêmicos quanto de tutores. Também pode-se perceber que há uma preocupação em manter a qualidade de ensino dos cursos, já que tutores e professores estão atendendo de forma adequada e rápida às solicitações dos acadêmicos.

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Soares, Augusto Cesare de Campos y Laurice de Fátima Gobbi Ricardo. "UM PANORAMA DO PNAP/UEM ESTUDO DE CASO DA IMPLEMENTAÇAO DA PRIMEIRA TURMA EAD EM ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA." Notandum, n.º 49 (20 de diciembre de 2018): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/notandum.v0i49.37508.

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Este estudo tem por finalidade fazer um levantamento histórico do Programa Nacional de Formação em Administração Púbica (PNAP) para entender o porquê a oferta do curso de Administração Pública é importante para a Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM). Verificaremos quais são os mecanismos que são utilizados para a aplicação e o processo de implantação do curso. Como métodos, buscou por meio de estudo de caso simples, a utilização da pesquisa qualitativa, a quantitativa e a exploratório, utilizando-se do programa Stata para tabulação dos dados, fazer uma análise da estrutura institucional da Universidade Aberta do Brasil para oferta dos cursos à distância, com foco nas informações da oferta da primeira turma da UEM no período de 2010 a 2015. As informações expostas nesse estudo podem servir como fonte de informação para a sociedade em geral, que talvez por desconhecimento sobre essa modalidade, não a tenha ainda reconhecido como uma opção para a formação superior. Assim, o PNAP leva por meio da modalidade de educação à distância, a formação em grande escala do conhecimento da Administração Pública, propiciando ter no mercado, novos profissionais voltados a gestão de Administração Pública, como também, complementar o conhecimento dos servidores públicos que já atuam na área.

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Fatima, Noor, Imran Ashraf y Sania Zehraa. "Sustainable Consumption and Production: An Analysis of Implementation of Pakistan’s Policy Framework of SDG-12". Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) 4, n.º 1 (13 de octubre de 2020): 114–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/4.1.11.

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The sustainable consumption and production is crucially relevant for Pakistan, given the massive degradation and depletion of natural resources due to the population explosion – and agricultural and industrial development pursued without regard for environmental sustainability. Freshwater availability has declined and quality of drinking water has deteriorated, leading to increase in water-borne diseases. The decaying water infrastructure results in a 40pc water loss in conveyance from dams to farms, for agricultural development. Industrial, agricultural, and household chemicals are freely imported and used without any regulatory system. Massive depletion of natural resources has meant the cutting of trees, resulting in increased timber imports. Pakistan National Action Plan (PNAP) was developed in May 2017 to achieve the sustainable goal particularly goal 12, which is about Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP). This paper focuses on the ingenious activity and strategy devised in the PNAP for the preparedness, implementation and monitoring of the SDG-12, as National Developmental Agenda of Pakistan. Utilizing library research methods, the major material used for this research is qualitatively collected by analyzing the contents of documents. For primary data, government documents have been consulted. Whereas the secondary data has been collected from books and articles available on the theme.

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Pei, Kemei, Yufang Ma, Xuming Zheng y Haiyang Li. "Resonance Raman spectroscopic and density functional theory study of p-nitroacetophenone (PNAP)". Chemical Physics Letters 437, n.º 1-3 (marzo de 2007): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2007.02.013.

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Bizarria, Fabiana Pinto de Almeida, Mônica Mota Tassigny y Maria Aparecida da Silva. "Institucionalização da EaD com suporte no enfrentamento da evasão escolar no Ensino Superior". Revista EDaPECI 16, n.º 3 (31 de diciembre de 2016): 560–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.29276/redapeci.2016.16.35414.560-584.

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Resumo: O estudo analisa o processo de institucionalização da EaD com suporte no enfrentamento da evasão escolar em cursos a distância do Programa Nacional de Formação em Administração Pública (PNAP) em uma instituição de ensino superior do Ceará, Brasil. O estudo de caso foi sedimentado por dados de oito entrevistas semiestruturadas e pesquisa documental. Considerou-se o contexto, processo e conteúdo das estratégias organizacionais de 2010 a 2013. O tratamento dos dados no software Atlas.ti conduziu à elaboração de categorias. Os resultados do estudo apresentaram elementos de apoio a processos decisórios da EaD e permitem apresentar componentes que favoreçam a resolução da evasão escolar.Palavras-chave: Educação a Distância. Evasão Escolar. Institucionalização.

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Bizarria, Fabiana Pinto de Almeida, Mônica Mota Tassigny y Maria Aparecida da Silva. "Formulações estratégicas para o enfrentamento da evasão escolar: o caso de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior no Ceará". Educação, Ciência e Cultura 22, n.º 1 (31 de marzo de 2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18316/recc.v22i1.1834.

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O estudo objetiva analisar as formulações estratégicas para enfrentamento da evasão em cursos do Programa Nacional de Formação em Administração Pública (PNAP) ofertados a distância em uma instituição de ensino superior do Ceará. Utilizou-se o estudo de caso, com suporte em dados de oito entrevistas semiestruturadas e consultas documentais. Considerou-se o contexto, processo e conteúdo das estratégias com base na análise das mudanças organizacionais de 2010 a 2013. O tratamento dos dados no software Atlas.ti conduziu à elaboração de categorias. Aponta-se que o enfrentamento da evasão se alinha ao aumento da credibilidade no funcionamento da EaD e torna-se meta institucional.

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Yoshida, Yoshiaki, Yasuteru Mawatari y Masayoshi Tabata. "Proposed Mechanism for the High-Yield Polymerization of Oxyethyl Propiolates with Rh Complex Catalyst Using the Density Functional Theory Method". Polymers 11, n.º 1 (8 de enero de 2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11010093.

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In this study, poly(oxyethyl propiolate)s (POP)s featuring various oxyethylene derivatives are synthesized using a [Rh(norbornadiene)Cl]2 catalyst. In particular, POPs featuring the normal oxyethylene chain in the side-chain exhibit excellent yields and high molecular weights in methanol and N,N-dimethylformamide at 40 °C, compared with poly(n-alkyl propiolate)s (PnAP)s. The high reactivity of the oxyethyl propiolate (OP) monomers is clarified by considering the time dependences of the polymerization yields of OPs and alkyl propiolates (Aps). Furthermore, the monomer structure and intermediate conformation of the Rh complex are optimized using Density Function theory (DFT) methods (B3LYP/6-31G** and B3LYP/LANL2DZ) and a polymerization mechanism is proposed.

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Manicardi, Alex, Lucia Guidi, Alice Ghidini y Roberto Corradini. "Pyrene-modified PNAs: Stacking interactions and selective excimer emission in PNA2DNA triplexes". Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 10 (2 de julio de 2014): 1495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.10.154.

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Pyrene derivatives can be incorporated into nucleic acid analogs in order to obtain switchable probes or supramolecular architectures. In this paper, peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) containing 1 to 3 1-pyreneacetic acid units (PNA1–6) with a sequence with prevalence of pyrimidine bases, complementary to cystic fibrosis W1282X point mutation were synthesized. These compounds showed sequence-selective switch-on of pyrene excimer emission in the presence of target DNA, due to PNA2DNA triplex formation, with stability depending on the number and positioning of the pyrene units along the chain. An increase in triplex stability and a very high mismatch-selectivity, derived from combined stacking and base-pairing interactions, were found for PNA2, bearing two distant pyrene units.

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Brandão, Jammilly Mikaela Fagundes y Anielson Barbosa da Silva. "Fatores Mediadores da Aprendizagem na Educação a Distância em Administração Pública". Administração Pública e Gestão Social 9, n.º 4 (1 de octubre de 2017): 265–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21118/apgs.v1i4.1233.

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Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar os fatores mediadores da aprendizagem na educação a distância em administração pública vinculados ao Programa Nacional de Administração Pública – PNAP. Na fundamentação teórica é apresentada a aprendizagem de adultos com base na abordagem andragógica, incluindo o modelo andragógico desenvolvido por Knowles, Holton e Seanson (2011). A pesquisa é quantitativa e de caráter descritivo, tendo utilizado o método survey aplicado a 273 estudantes de 10 instituições de ensino superior de diferentes estados brasileiros. Os resultados possibilitaram a identificação de seis princípios andragógicos que caracterizam o processo de aprendizagem, bem como a existência de fatores mediadores do processo de aprendizagem associados às diferenças individuais dos aprendizes e envolvem um processo de desenvolvimento pessoal que está intimamente ligado à experiência, que pode tornar os alunos mais abertos à mudança e interessados em aprender ou pode torná-los mais resistentes ou desinteressados no processo de aprendizagem.

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Carneiro, Teresa Cristina Janes, Maria Aparecida Da Silva y Fabiana Pinto de Almeida Bizarria. "FATORES QUE AFETAM A PERMANÊNCIA DOS DISCENTES EM CURSOS DE GRADUAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA: UM ESTUDO NA UNIVERSIDADE DA INTEGRAÇÃO INTERNACIONAL DA LUSOFONIA AFRO-BRASILEIRA". Gestão e Sociedade 8, n.º 20 (3 de febrero de 2015): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.21171/ges.v8i20.1994.

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O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi analisar fatores que contribuem para a permanência de discentes em cursos de graduação na modalidade a distância. A amostra foi composta por 333 discentes do Curso de Graduação em Administração Pública, do Programa de Formação em Administração Pública – PNAP, ofertado pela Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira (UNILAB), em parceria com a Universidade Aberta do Brasil. Usando-se regressão logística, foi possível identificar os principais fatores que contribuem para a permanência dos discentes no curso analisado: o tipo de escola em que concluiu o ensino médio e a etnia. O discente que estudou o ensino médio em escola pública tem 2,87 vezes a chance de permanência do discente que estudou em escola privada e o discente da etnia branca tem menor chance de persistir se comparado ao discente da etnia preta. Esses resultados indicam que, para o público analisado, fatores associados à baixa renda são também associados a maior motivação para a conclusão do curso analisado.

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Zhang, Qin, Jun Shu, Yajun Zhang, Zhigang Xu, Jian Yue, Xiaoqiang Liu, Bin Xu, Zhongzhu Chen y Weidong Jiang. "Structures and esterolytic reactivity of novel binuclear copper(ii) complexes with reduced l-serine Schiff bases as mimic carboxylesterases". Dalton Transactions 49, n.º 29 (2020): 10261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0dt01823f.

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Three novel binuclear copper(ii) complexes with reduced l-serine Schiff bases exhibited significant activity differences for the hydrolysis of PNPA and PNPP, suggesting a favourable intramolecular nucleophilic pathway for PNPP.

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Justen, Carlos Eduardo, Luís Moretto Neto y Samuel Felippe. "Reflexões sobre a Prática Educativo-crítica, Gestão Social e Educação a Distância: o caso do PNAP em Santa Catarina". Desenvolvimento em Questão 10, n.º 21 (28 de septiembre de 2012): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.21527/2237-6453.2012.21.178-210.

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<span lang="PT-BR"><p>O presente artigo analisa a experiência do Curso de Bacharelado em Administração Pública da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), a partir de um seminário temático sobre Gestão Social ofertado, em 2011, em seis pólos da UFSC no Estado de Santa Catarina, buscando caracterizar a congruência da concepção de educação desenvolvida e da possível formação profissional decorrente com a abordagem da gestão social. A partir de estudo de caso, de caráter qualitativo e orientação descritiva, foram investigadas quatro categorias analíticas - cidadania deliberativa, dimensões epistemológica e profissionalizante do projeto político-pedagógico, além de clareza conceitual e capacidade analítica sobre Gestão Social. Os resultados demonstraram uma orientação à abordagem da educação estratégica em Administração Pública, em que se repetem as mazelas do ensino presencial, ampliando o risco da massificação cognitiva mediante uma racionalidade tecnológica que valoriza meios em detrimento de fins.</p></span>

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Lima, Maria Aparecida de Araújo, Eliana M. Oliveira Sá, Ana García-Valcárcel Muñoz-Repiso y Manuel Florindo Alves Meirinhos. "Fatores intervenientes na mediação pedagógica Do tutor: o caso de um curso de graduação em administração pública PNAP/UAB". Latin American Journal of Development 3, n.º 5 (3 de septiembre de 2021): 2913–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46814/lajdv3n5-012.

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Este estudo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa sobre fatores intervenientes na mediação pedagógica do tutor: o caso de um curso de Bacharelado em Administração Pública a distância (ADMP) do PNAP, ofertado por meio do Sistema UAB, em uma universidade pública da região Nordeste, iniciado em 2009. A questão norteadora foi: existem fatores que interferem na mediação pedagógica do tutor online? O objetivo foi identificar os fatores intervenientes e as múltiplas determinações que interferem na mediação pedagógica do tutor. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionário e de entrevista com os tutores online. Também foram observadas mensagens postadas no Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA). Participaram da pesquisa 11 tutores online, de um universo de 17 tutores que realizaram mediação pedagógica no curso pesquisado, entre 2012 e 2013. O resultado da pesquisa indica que fatores relacionados à qualidade do ensino; à qualidade dos materiais didáticos e materiais de apoio ao aluno; ao AVA; à infraestrutura física, tecnológica e administrativa disponível para os alunos e o grau de aproximação entre o professor e tutor interferem no desempenho do tutor online que atua no processo de ensino-estudo-aprendizagem do aluno da EAD ofertada com o uso da internet. Convém informar que o conteúdo deste artigo foi discutido em várias ocasiões em 2014 e 2015. Porém torna-se relevante retomar a discussão no campo da EAD devido ao momento pandêmico, no qual a mediação pedagógica foi intensificada, pelo fato das aulas presenciais terem sido, abruptamente, substituídas por aulas remotas e essa atividade passou a ser realizada também por professores e por monitores (alunos) selecionados para auxiliarem os professores nas atividades docentes no ensino remoto, semi-presencial ou totalmente online This study presents the results of a qualitative research on pedagogical factors involved in mediating the tutor : the case of the Bachelor in Public Administration Distance ( ADMP ) of PNAP offered through the UAB in a public university in northeastern Brazil System , initiated in 2009 and was motivated by question: There are factors that influence the mediation of the online tutor ? Their goal was to identify factors that affect the mediation of online tutor. To collect data, a questionnaire was administered and conducted an interview with the online tutors. Messages posted to the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE ) were also observed. Participated in the survey, 11 tutors online that was presents in the course researched, between 2012 and 2013 The research result indicates that the factors related to the quality of education; the quality of instructional materials and learner support materials; the quality of AVA; physical, technological and administrative available to students and the degree of approximation between the teacher and tutor; infrastructure interfere with the performance of the online tutor who works in the process: teaching - study - learning the of virtual student. It should be noted that the content of this article was discussed on several occasions in 2014 and 2015. However, it is relevant to resume the discussion in the field of DE due to the pandemic moment, in which the pedagogical mediation was intensified, due to the fact that the in-person classes were, abruptly, replaced by remote classes and this activity began to be performed also by teachers and monitors (students) selected to assist teachers in teaching activities in remote, semi-present or fully online teaching.

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Ramos, Júlio Cezar Costa, Allan Richards De Melo Nunes Morais, Andrey Tavares da Silva, Fernanda Coelho de Figueiredo Soares Nascimento, Tiago Gama do Nascimento y Francisco Ricardo Duarte. "Os desafios éticos contemporâneos nas organizações públicas". ID on line REVISTA DE PSICOLOGIA 13, n.º 43 (18 de diciembre de 2018): 1056–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/idonline.v13i43.1578.

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No Brasil a “crise ética” tem sido tema constante de debate, seja no ambiente acadêmico, nos programas de televisão, nas casas, no trabalho das pessoas, na rua e em todos os lugares. Sendo, na maioria das vezes, associada à atuação dos agentes públicos. Entre os principais focos das discussões, dessa forma segue-se a seguinte indagação: De que forma o curso de Especialização em Gestão Pública do Programa nacional de Formação em Administração Pública - PNAP vem a contribuir na formação técnica E comportamental dos agentes públicos? Que outras contribuições, pode fornecer ao Estado brasileiro? Vale destacar que a Gestão Pública não é formada apenas por agentes públicos. Empresas particulares e a sociedade civil também são de fundamental importância para a sua formação. Este artigo buscou analisar a importância de uma formação profissional de agentes públicos e da sociedade civil em Gestão Pública. Os resultados levaram a cerre que para se ter uma administração ética, lúcida e independente, deve haver uma profissionalização dos agentes políticos e uma formação mínima dos cidadãos, a fim de melhorarem as suas escolhas nas urnas e cobrarem as promessas feitas em campanha pelos agentes políticos eleitos.

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Silva, Marcelo Fernando da. "Formação de administradores públicos no curso EaD: o que dizem os egressos da UAB/UFAL". Revista EDaPECI 19, n.º 2 (6 de agosto de 2019): 108–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.29276/redapeci.2019.19.211148.108-121.

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O curso de Administração Pública na modalidade Ead é ofertado na Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL) através da Universidade Aberta do Brasil (UAB) e vem sendo implementado desde 2009 pelo Programa Nacional de Administração Pública (PNAP) em parceria com Instituições Públicas de Ensino Superior (IPES) e a Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), com intuito de qualificar recursos humanos para serem gestores públicos. Tem por objetivo verificar a perspectiva dos egressos do curso de Administração Pública via a UAB/UFAL sobre a contribuição da formação para a atuação profissional. Especificamente, pretende-se identificar em que medida os conteúdos estudados contribuíram para a prática profissional; verificar como se deu o uso das ferramentas no AVA, na perspectiva dos egressos; identificar se os egressos aprenderam a manusear as ferramentas disponibilizadas no AVA; verificar se houve incremento das habilidades e competências propostas pelo curso. A pesquisa é de natureza aplicada, com abordagem qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso, na qual foi feita a análise de conteúdo sobre os dados coletados. Os instrumentos utilizados foram questionário e entrevista semiestruturada, sendo o questionário enviado online pelo Google Drive e a entrevista gravada com uso de equipamento digital. Palavras-chave: Formação Ead. Administração Pública. Egressos. UFAL.

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Souza, Adilson Pacheco de, Daniel Fonseca de Carvalho, Leonardo Batista Duarte da Silva, Frederico Terra de Almeida y Hermes Soares da Rocha. "Estimativas da evapotranspiração de referência em diferentes condições de nebulosidade". Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 46, n.º 3 (marzo de 2011): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2011000300001.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência (ETo), em diferentes condições de nebulosidade, no Município de Seropédica, RJ. As estimativas de ETo, entre 1/6/2006 e 31/7/2007, foram comparadas com medidas diárias realizadas em lisímetro de pesagem, com agrupamento total dos dados e com a discretização pela variação do índice de claridade diário K T em quatro classes: K T<0,35, nublado (Nub); 0,35<K T<0,55, céu parcialmente nublado (PNAd); 0,55<K T<0,65, céu parcialmente aberto (PNAb); e K T>0,65, céu aberto (Ab). Para avaliação da qualidade das estimativas realizadas pelos diferentes métodos, foram empregados o erro absoluto médio (MBE), a raiz quadrada do quadrado médio do erro (RMSE), e índices de ajustamento e de desempenho. No agrupamento total dos dados, os métodos Penman-Monteith FAO (PMF) e Hargreaves-Samani (HS) apresentaram coeficientes de desempenho de 84,05 e 79,52%, respectivamente, enquanto os métodos Jensen & Haise, Linacre e Makking apresentaram desempenho inferior a 60%. A variação das condições de nebulosidade influenciaram o desempenho dos métodos de estimativa de ETo. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos pelos métodos da radiação solar (86,1%) e de Camargo (81,8%), nas condições Ab e Nub. Os métodos PMF e HS podem ser empregados de forma complementar, pois apresentaram desempenhos de 78,4% (Nub e PNAd) e de 77,6% (PNAb e Ab), respectivamente.

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Zhang, X. "Strand invasion by mixed base PNAs and a PNA-peptide chimera". Nucleic Acids Research 28, n.º 17 (1 de septiembre de 2000): 3332–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/28.17.3332.

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Sforza, S., T. Tedeschi, R. Corradini y R. Marchelli. "A new concept in double duplex DNA invasion by chiral PNAs which simultaneously depress PNA-PNA and improve PNA-DNA duplex stability." Nucleic Acids Symposium Series 51, n.º 1 (1 de noviembre de 2007): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nass/nrm010.

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23

Cavalari Júnior, Octavio y Juliano Schimiguel. "AFETIVIDADE NO ENSINO DE MÉTODOS QUANTITATIVOS EM CURSO DE ESPECIALIZAÇÃO DE GESTÃO PÚBLICA MUNICIPAL, NA MODALIDADE A DISTÂNCIA, DO INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO". Revista de Ensino de Ciências e Matemática 9, n.º 6 (19 de diciembre de 2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26843/rencima.v9i6.2065.

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A educação a distância é uma realidade no que tange aos métodos de ensino. O presente estudo faz o levantamento histórico da evolução do ensino nessa modalidade no panorama mundial e brasileiro e analisa as interações entre a afetividade e o aprendizado em disciplinas que envolvam métodos quantitativos. O objetivo geral do trabalho é compreender em que medida a afetividade, envolvida na relação professor/tutor e estudante, contribui para uma aprendizagem efetiva em ambiente virtual no curso de especialização em Gestão. O estudo foi norteado identificando a forma como o professor trabalha com o conteúdo da disciplina, oferecida em ambiente virtual, e como se estabelecem os vínculos afetivos com os estudantes, além disso, avaliando a compreensão dos estudantes acerca do conteúdo trabalhado e o seu envolvimento afetivo com a forma de trabalho do professor. A proposta foi compreender os ganhos com afetividade ligada à modalidade EaD, quanto a disciplinas que envolvam métodos quantitativos e, por fim, propor uma metodologia para se trabalhar essas em cursos de gestão na modalidade EaD. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada no período de maio de 2010 a dezembro de 2011, tomando por base a disciplina de Gestão Logística e, de forma qualitativa e quantitativa, através de levantamento bibliográfico, análise documental e entrevistas coletivas, via web conferência, com os alunos das 25 (vinte e cinco) turmas de diferentes cidades do Estado do Espírito Santo, do curso de Gestão Pública Municipal, um projeto do PNAP/CAPES, em parceria com o Instituto Federal de Educação Tecnológica do Espírito Santo, para entender as relações de afetividade presentes na metodologia EaD e o aprendizado no curso ofertado. O resultado do estudo nos inclina a entender que, apesar de empregar tecnologias atuais que visavam ao aprendizado nessa modalidade, os dados obtidos ressaltam a importância do diálogo e da afetividade nas relações entre instituição e alunos. A pesquisa apresentada traz indicadores que podem ser utilizados para facilitar a aprendizagem através da afetividade em disciplinas que envolvam métodos quantitativos na modalidade a distânciaPalavras-chave: Afetividade, Métodos Quantitativos, Aprendizado, Educação a Distância.

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24

Bregant, Sarah, Fabienne Burlina y Gérard Chassaing. "New thiazane and thiazolidine PNA monomers: synthesis, incorporation into PNAs and hybridization studies". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 12, n.º 7 (abril de 2002): 1047–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00076-8.

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Kaihatsu, Kunihiro, Kenneth E. Huffman y David R. Corey. "Intracellular Uptake and Inhibition of Gene Expression by PNAs and PNA−Peptide Conjugates†". Biochemistry 43, n.º 45 (noviembre de 2004): 14340–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi048519l.

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26

Galabova, Danka, Borijana Tuleva, Evgenia Vasileva-Tonkova y Nelly Christova. "Purification and Properties of Alkaline Phosphatase with Protein Phosphatase Activity from Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 55, n.º 7-8 (1 de agosto de 2000): 588–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2000-7-818.

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Abstract An alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain 257 was purified 345-fold with specific activity of 54 533 nmol × min−1 × mg protein−1 . It was shown to be a dimeric protein (apparent mol. wt. approx. 130 kDa) with optimum activity at pH 8.6 - 8.8 and good stability at 50 °C. The ALPase was a non-specific enzyme hydrolyzing a wide variety of monophosphate esters. The enzyme showed protein phosphatase activity and this activity was not Mg2+ - dependent in contrast to p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP) activity. The Km value for pNNP hydrolysis was determined to be 2.2 × 10−5 м. Orthophosphate inhibited the enzyme in a competitive mode with the Ki of 2.3 x 10−4 м. Phosphate transfer of the ALPase is almost zero with all alcohols tested except for Tris.

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Ganesh, K. N., A. Gourishankar, R. Vysabhattar y P. Bokil. "Property editing of peptide nucleic acids (PNA): gem-dimethyl, cyanuryl and 8-aminoadenine PNAs". Nucleic Acids Symposium Series 51, n.º 1 (1 de noviembre de 2007): 17–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nass/nrm009.

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Haaima, Gerald, Anders Lohse, Ole Buchardt y Peter E. Nielsen. "Peptidnucleinsäuren (PNAs) aus chiralen Aminosäuren und Thymin-Monomeren: Hybridisierungs- und Löslichkeitseigenschaften von D-Lysin-PNA". Angewandte Chemie 108, n.º 17 (9 de septiembre de 1996): 2068–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19961081712.

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29

Bregant, Sarah, Fabienne Burlina y Gerard Chassaing. "ChemInform Abstract: New Thiazane and Thiazolidine PNA Monomers: Synthesis, Incorporation into PNAs and Hybridization Studies." ChemInform 33, n.º 30 (20 de mayo de 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200230241.

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30

Uhlmann, E., D. W. Will, G. Breipohl, A. Peyman, D. Langner, J. Knolle y G. O'Malley. "Synthesis of Polyamide Nucleic Acids (Pnas), Pna /Dna-Chimeras and Phosphonic Ester Nucleic Acids (Phonas)". Nucleosides and Nucleotides 16, n.º 5-6 (mayo de 1997): 603–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07328319708002923.

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Gupta, Manoj Kumar, Bharath Raj Madhanagopal y Krishna N. Ganesh. "Peptide Nucleic Acid with Double Face: Homothymine–Homocytosine Bimodal Cα-PNA (bm-Cα-PNA) Forms a Double Duplex of the bm-PNA2:DNA Triplex". Journal of Organic Chemistry 86, n.º 1 (30 de noviembre de 2020): 414–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.0c02158.

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Govindaraju, T., Vaijayanti A. Kumar y Krishna N. Ganesh. "(SR/RS)-Cyclohexanyl PNAs: Conformationally Preorganized PNA Analogues with Unprecedented Preference for Duplex Formation with RNA". Journal of the American Chemical Society 127, n.º 12 (marzo de 2005): 4144–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja044142v.

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Wang, Hai-Rong, Fang-Yuan Chen, Hua Zhong, Ji-Hua Zhong, Fei Xiao, Jian-Yi Zhu, Jie-Yin Han y Ren-Rong OuYang. "PNAS-2’s Subcullar Location in Leukemic Cell Is Abnormal and Its Relation with Leukemogenesis." Blood 110, n.º 11 (16 de noviembre de 2007): 4299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4299.4299.

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Abstract We used functional analyses of PNAS-2 by RNAi and RNA overexpression and demonstrated PNAS-2 as an anti-apoptotic gene. PNAS-2 expression was significantly increased in de novo and relapsed acute leukemia patients, but in patients in complete remission, the expression of PNAS-2 decreased to the levels comparable to those found in normal controls. In carcinomas, PNAS-2 expression was not up-regulated, indicating that PNAS-2 overexpression was specific for leukemia. So we hypothesized that PNAS-2 could act as an oncogene and anti-apoptotic gene which probably participates leukemogenesis (Hai-Rong WANG, et al. Oncology, Accepted). To study the subcellular localization of PNAS protein, we constructed PNAS-2-GFP expression plasmids and transfected them into U937 leukemic cell line. We found that PNAS-2-GFP fusion protein not only located in vesicles near the nucleus but also distributed throughout the cytosol instead of Diane’s report that CHMP5/PNAS-2 was found in vesicles near the nucleus in Cos-7 cells. This phenomenon indicates the abnormal location of PNAS-2 protein either in U937 leukemia cells or in Cos-7 cells. For the protein classification and secondary structure prediction system: SOSUI showed that PNAS-2 wasn’t a membranal protein and the function of CHMP5/PNAS-2 protein was involved in the lysosome and MVB (multivesicular body), so PNAS-2 should be a protein in the interior of the MVB and lysosome, thus abnormal location of PNAS-2 protein might occur in U937 leukemic cells. From our data and related articles, PNAS-2 served as an anti-apoptotic gene and located in MVB and lysosome. We suggested that PNAS-2 might execute its anti-apoptotic function via following ways: it might be a protease which could degrade apoptogenic factors such as CatD, GraB and perforin in MVB and lysosome; or it could return CatD, GraB and perforin to the lysosome; or it could stabilize the membrane of MVB and lysosome. When PNAS-2 was set free into the cytosol from MVB structure in leukemic cells, it would enhance its anti-apoptotic function via enhanced above-mentioned ways. Figure Figure Now compelling evidences showed that insufficient apoptosis could result in tumor genesis, thus we thought abnormal subcellular location of PNAS-2 in leukemic cells might participate in leukemogenesis. Antibody microarray was used to study the protein changes after inhibition of PNAS-2, we found cancer suppressor proteins such as p53, Rb increased after PNAS-2 was suppressed, while the rest cancer suppressor proteins did not change, indicating the overexpression of PNAS-2 might participate in tumorigeness by suppressing tumor suppressor proteins. Of notice, Granzyme B-perforin apoptotic pathway was inhibited when PNAS-2 was up-regulated. Granzyme-mediated apoptosis was part of the immune surveillance mechanism where malignantly transformed cells were targeted by CTL and NK cells before cancer could ensue. In conclusion, the abnormal location of PNAS-2 in leukemic cells could enhance its anti-apoptotic function. PNAS-2 might participate in leukemogenesis via its inhibition of apoptosis, cancer suppressor proteins and Granzyme B-perforin pathway.

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Sucik Puji Utami, St. Siaila y Joko Rizkie Widokarti. "Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Capaian Realisasi Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak Pada Bandar Udara Karel Sadsuitubun Langgur". Coopetition : Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen 12, n.º 2 (11 de junio de 2021): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32670/coopetition.v12i2.446.

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The purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of PNBP targets, PNBP deposits and the number of aircraft movements on the realization of PNBP at Karel Sadsuitubun Langgur Airport. The hypothesis in this research was tested by multiple linear regression analysis using the t test with a significance level of 0.05. The population in this research were all financial reports that included PNBP targets, realized PNBP deposits and all air transport traffic reports containing the number of aircraft movements at Karel Sadsuitubun Langgur Airport. The samples used are financial reports covering PNBP targets, realization of PNBP deposits and air transport traffic reports containing the number of aircraft movements at Karel Sadsuitubun Langgur Airport for 36 months from January 2017 to December 2019. Partial test results (test t) shows that the tcount for the PNBP target variable is -173.347 with a significance of 0.000; tcount for PNBP payment variable of 418,725 with a significance of 0,000; tcount for the variable number of aircraft movements is -1.028 with a significance of 0.05. Thus, hypothesis one is rejected where the PNBP target variable (X1) partially has a negative effect on the realization of PNBP achievement (Y) at Karel Sadsuitubun Langgur Airport, the second hypothesis is accepted where the PNBP payment variable (X2) partially has a positive effect on the realization of PNBP achievement ( Y) at Karel Sadsuitubun Langgur Airport, and the third hypothesis is rejected because the variable number of aircraft movements (X3) has no effect on the realization of PNBP (Y) achievements at Karel Sadsuitubun Langgur Airport.

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Cerca, Nuno, Tomás Maira-Litrán, Kimberly K. Jefferson, Martha Grout, Donald A. Goldmann y Gerald B. Pier. "Protection against Escherichia coli infection by antibody to the Staphylococcus aureus poly-N-acetylglucosamine surface polysaccharide". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104, n.º 18 (19 de abril de 2007): 7528–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0700630104.

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Poly-N-acetylglucosamine (PNAG) is a surface polysaccharide produced by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphyloccus epidermidis and is an effective target for opsonic and protective Ab for these two organisms. Recently, it has been found that Escherichia coli produces an exo-polysaccharide, designated polyglucosamine, that is biochemically indistinguishable from PNAG. We analyzed 30 E. coli strains isolated from urinary tract and neonatal bloodstream infections for the pga locus, PNAG antigen production, and susceptibility to opsonic killing and protection from lethal infection by Ab to PNAG. Twenty-six of 30 strains carried the pga locus, 25 of 30 expressed immunologically detectable PNAG, and 21 of 30 could be killed by rabbit IgG specific for the deacetylated form of the staphylococcal PNAG. Ab to staphylococcal PNAG protected mice against lethality from five different E. coli strains expressing PNAG. PNAG expression by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms could make this antigen a conserved vaccine target for multiple pathogenic species of bacteria.

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Kumar, Bijender, Ruchir Priyadarshi, Sauraj, Farha Deeba, Anurag Kulshreshtha, Kirtiraj K. Gaikwad, Jaehwan Kim, Anuj Kumar y Yuvraj Singh Negi. "Nanoporous Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose-g-poly (Sodium Acrylate)/FeCl3 Hydrogel Beads: Synthesis and Characterization". Gels 6, n.º 4 (11 de diciembre de 2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels6040049.

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Novel sodium carboxymethyl cellulose-g-poly (sodium acrylate)/Ferric chloride (CMC-g-PNaA/FeCl3) nanoporous hydrogel beads were prepared based on the ionic cross-linking between CMC-g-PNaA and FeCl3. The structure of CMC and CMC-g-PNaA were elucidated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and the elemental composition was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The physicochemical properties of the CMC-g-PNaA/FeCl3 hydrogel beads were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The swelling percentage of hydrogel beads was studied at different time periods. The obtained CMC-g-PNaA/FeCl3 hydrogel beads exhibited a higher nanoporous morphology than those of CMC-g-PNaA and CMC beads. Furthermore, an AFM image of the CMC-g-PNaA/FeCl3 beads shows granule type topology. Compared to the CMC-g-PNaA (189 °C), CMC-g-PNaA/FeCl3 hydrogel beads exhibited improvement in thermal stability (199 °C). Furthermore, CMC-g-PNaA/FeCl3 hydrogel beads depicted a higher swelling percentage capacity of around 1452%, as compared to CMC-g-PNaA (1096%). Moreover, this strategy with preliminary results could be useful for the development of polysaccharide-based hybrid hydrogel beads for various potential applications.

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Puri, K. D., E. B. Finger, G. Gaudernack y T. A. Springer. "Sialomucin CD34 is the major L-selectin ligand in human tonsil high endothelial venules." Journal of Cell Biology 131, n.º 1 (1 de octubre de 1995): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.131.1.261.

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Peripheral node addressin (PNAd) is a complex mixture of glycoproteins with L-selectin ligand activity that functions in lymphocyte homing. We have investigated the contribution of the sialomucin CD34 relative to other components of PNAd in lymphocyte tethering and rolling in in vitro laminar flow assays. PNAd was isolated with MECA-79 mAb-Sepharose from tonsillar stroma, and the CD34 component (PNAd,CD34+) and CD34-negative component (PNAd,CD34-) separated on CD34 mAb-Sepharose. Lymphocytes on the PNAd,CD34- fraction tether less efficiently, roll faster and are less resistant to shear detachment than on PNAd. The PNAd,CD34+ fraction constitutes about half the total functional activity. These studies show that CD34 is a major functional component of PNAd. Ligand activity in both the PNAd,CD34+ and PNAd,CD34- fractions is expressed on mucin-like domains, as shown with O-sialoglycoprotease. The CD34 component of PNAd has about four times higher tethering efficiency than total tonsillar CD34. CD34 from spleen shows no lymphocyte tethering. Although less efficient than the PNAd,CD34+ fraction from tonsil, CD34 from the KG1a hematopoietic cell line is functionally active as an L-selectin ligand despite lack of reactivity with MECA-79 mAb, which binds to a sulfation-dependent epitope. All four forms of CD34 are active in binding to E-selectin. KG1a CD34 but not spleen CD34 are active as L-selectin ligands, yet both lack MECA-79 reactivity and possess E-selectin ligand activity. This suggests that L-selectin ligands and E-selectin ligands differ in more respects than presence of the MECA-79 epitope.

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Wittung, Pernilla, Peter Nielsen y Bengt Nordén. "Observation of a PNA−PNA−PNA Triplex". Journal of the American Chemical Society 119, n.º 13 (abril de 1997): 3189–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja964341h.

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39

Yakandawala, Nandadeva, Purushottam V. Gawande, Karen LoVetri, Silvia T. Cardona, Tony Romeo, Mark Nitz y Srinivasa Madhyastha. "Characterization of the Poly-β-1,6-N-Acetylglucosamine Polysaccharide Component of Burkholderia Biofilms". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, n.º 23 (7 de octubre de 2011): 8303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.05814-11.

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ABSTRACTWe demonstrated the production of poly-β-1,6-N-acetylglucosamine (PNAG) polysaccharide in the biofilms ofBurkholderia multivorans,Burkholderia vietnamiensis,Burkholderia ambifaria,Burkholderia cepacia, andBurkholderia cenocepaciausing an immunoblot assay for PNAG. These results were confirmed by further studies, which showed that the PNAG hydrolase, dispersin B, eliminated immunoreactivity of extracts from the species that were tested (B. cenocepaciaandB. multivorans). Dispersin B also inhibited biofilm formation and dispersed preformed biofilms ofBurkholderiaspecies. These results imply a role for PNAG in the maintenance ofBurkholderiabiofilm integrity. While PNAG was present in biofilms of all of the wild-type test organisms, a ΔpgaBCmutant ofB. multivorans(Mu5) produced no detectable PNAG, indicating that these genes are needed forBurkholderiaPNAG formation. Furthermore, restoration of PNAG production in PNAG negativeE. coliTRXWMGΔC (ΔpgaC) by complementation withB. multivorans pgaBCDconfirmed the involvement of these genes inBurkholderiaPNAG production. While the confocal scanning laser microscopy of untreated wild-typeB. multivoransshowed thick, multilayered biofilm, Mu5 and dispersin B-treated wild-type biofilms were thin, poorly developed, and disrupted, confirming the involvement of PNAG inB. multivoransbiofilm formation. Thus, PNAG appears to be an important component ofBurkholderiabiofilms, potentially contributing to its resistance to multiple antibiotics and persistence during chronic infections, including cystic fibrosis-associated infection.

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40

Wang, Jin, Hua Qiu, Bo Cheng, Fan Zhang y Shuhua Qi. "Preparation of a monodisperse poly (N-phenylmaleimide–acrylonitrile–styrene) structural nanolatex for heat-resistant modification of PVC". Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 32, n.º 3 (12 de junio de 2018): 409–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705718780976.

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A monodisperse poly ( N-phenylmaleimide–acrylonitrile–styrene) (PNAS) nanolatex was synthesized via seed microemulsion polymerization. The obtained PNAS nanolatex was then directly used as an organic nanofiller to prepare polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/PNAS hybrid composite through water blending and melt compounding. The characteristics of PNAS nanolatex were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope (TEM), dynamic laser lighting scattering (DLS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). FTIR and elemental analysis confirmed the formation of PNAS copolymer with high monomers conversion; meanwhile, for the PNAS nanoparticles, the morphology of a well-defined core–shell spherical structure with average diameter ranging from 156 nm to 249 nm was observed. DSC analysis and TGA indicated that both polymers had excellent compatibility, and the corresponding heat resistance of PVC was greatly improved with the addition of PNAS. When PNAS loading was 50 wt%, the glass transition temperature value of PVC/PNAS hybrid composite was increased by 22.4°C, compared with that of pristine PVC. The mechanical properties of the PVC composite were also enhanced with the addition of PNAS.

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41

Seel, F., R. Kuhn, G. Simon y M. Wagner. "PNP-Perthionitrit und PNP-Monothionitrit / PNP-Perthionitrite and PNP-M onothionitrite". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 40, n.º 12 (1 de diciembre de 1985): 1607–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1985-1203.

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Abstract As a major product from the reaction of PNP-nitrite [P = P(C6H5)3] with elementary sulfur or a PNP-polysulfide (PNP)2S12 in acetone under anaerobic conditions PNP-perthionitrite (PNPnitrosodisulfide) PNP-SSNO has been isolated. VIS/UV-spectra point to a thionitrate or perthionitrate as a precursor. The structures of PNP-SSNO and of the product obtained on treating the perthionitrite with triphenylphosphane in acetonitrile, PNP -SNO (PNP-monothionitrite, PNP-nitrososulfide), have been elucidated through X-ray diffraction and independently from new chemical and NMRspectrometric arguments. PNP-SSN O crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P ben with a = 11.843(3), b = 16.647(5), c = 15.556(4) Å , PNP -SNO in the triclinic group P1̄ with a = 10.525(3), b = 17.196(5), c = 9.451(3) Å , a = 95.22(3), β = 92.32(3), γ = 91.65(3)°.

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42

Jiang, Bingcheng, Chibawanye I. Ene, Bonnie Cole, Jeff Ojemann, Sarah Leary, Mesfin Fanta, Sudip Subedi y Michael Weinfeld. "11 Study of Polynucleotide Kinase/Phosphatase (PNKP) Mutations Found in a Patient with Microcephaly, Seizures, and Developmental Delay (MCSZ) and Glioblastoma". Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 45, S3 (junio de 2018): S2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2018.257.

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The enzyme polynucleotide kinase/phosphatase (PNKP) plays a key role in DNA repair by resolving the chemistry at DNA strand breaks. Mutations in PNKP (chromosome 19q13.4) are known to cause MCSZ, a serious neurodevelopmental disorder, but to date there has been no link to cancer initiation or progression. However, a child with MCSZ recently presented at Seattle Children's Hospital with a 3-cm glioblastoma. The child was shown to have two germline mutations in PNKP. To study the effects of the PNKP mutations found in this patient, we generated mutant PNKP cDNAs carrying either the individual mutations or the double mutation using site directed mutagenesis. These cDNAs were incorporated into bacterial and mammalian expression vectors. The bacterially expressed mutant proteins as well as the wild type have been purified and are undergoing testing for PNKP DNA kinase and phosphatase activity. The PNKP cDNAs, fused to GFP, were expressed in Hela and HCT116 human cancer cell lines. High-content analysis and micro-irradiation techniques are being used to determine PNKP localization within the cells and recruitment to damaged DNA. Our preliminary results indicate that the mutations alter the ratio of nuclear to cytoplasmic PNKP compared to the wild-type protein.

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Zhou, Jingyi, Erwen Xu, Kang Shao, Wenyan Shen, Yi Gu, Min Li y Wei Shen. "Circulating platelet-neutrophil aggregates as risk factor for deep venous thrombosis". Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 57, n.º 5 (24 de abril de 2019): 707–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2018-0909.

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Abstract Background Platelet-neutrophil aggregates (PNAs) are fundamental mechanisms linking hemostasis and inflammatory processes. Elevated level of PNAs have been reported in inflammatory diseases and coronary artery diseases. However, studies on the correlation between PNAs formation and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) are not available. Methods A total of 92 participants were involved in this study, including 32 cases with DVT and 60 cases without DVT. Blood samples coagulated by K2-EDTA or sodium citrate were prepared for blood cell count and blood smears. PNAs and platelet activation were measured using flow cytometry. The correlation between platelet activation level and PNAs level was analyzed by linear regression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed, assessing the prognostic performance of PNAs to predict potential risk of DVT occurrence. Results PNAs was found in the blood smears of patients with DVT. Significant increased level of PNAs was identified in DVT group (medium 8.43%, interquartile range [IQR] 4.11%–15.69%), compared with that in control group (5.16%, IQR 2.40–9.60, p<0.01). The DVT group also showed a dramatic elevated level of total platelet activation (medium 16.06%, IQR 6.04–22.05) vs. control group (11.26%, IQR 5.54–19.99, p<0.05). The PNAs level was correlated with total platelet activation (r2=0.58, p<0.0001). A significantly high odds ratio (OR) of DVT occurrence was identified when the level of PNAs was higher than 7.4% (OR 3.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.463–8.838, p<0.01). Conclusions An elevated level of PNAs was associated with risk of DVT occurrence, which might be a suitable marker predicting DVT development.

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Maira-Litrán, Tomás, Andrea Kropec, C. Abeygunawardana, Joseph Joyce, George Mark, Donald A. Goldmann y Gerald B. Pier. "Immunochemical Properties of the Staphylococcal Poly-N-Acetylglucosamine Surface Polysaccharide". Infection and Immunity 70, n.º 8 (agosto de 2002): 4433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.8.4433-4440.2002.

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ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis often elaborate adherent biofilms, which contain the capsular polysaccharide-adhesin (PS/A) that mediates the initial cell adherence to biomaterials. Biofilm cells produce another antigen, termed polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA), which is composed of a ∼28 kDa soluble linear β(1-6)-linked N-acetylglucosamine. We developed a new method to purify PS/A from S. aureus MN8m, a strain hyperproducing PS/A. Using multiple analytical techniques, we determined that the chemical structure of PS/A is also β(1-6)-N-acetylglucosamine (PNAG). We were unable to find N-succinylglucosamine residues in any of our preparations in contrast to previously reported findings (D. McKenney, K. Pouliot, Y. Wang, V. Murthy, M. Ulrich, G. Doring, J. C. Lee, D. A Goldmann, and G. B. Pier, Science 284:1523-1527, 1999). PNAG was produced with a wide range of molecular masses that could be divided into three major fractions with average molecular masses of 460 kDa (PNAG-I), 100 kDa (PNAG-II), and 21 kDa (PNAG-III). The purified antigens were not soluble at neutral pH unless first dissolved in 5 M HCl and then neutralized with 5 M NaOH. PNAG-I was very immunogenic in rabbits, but the responses of individual animals were variable. Immunization of mice with various doses (100, 50, or 10 μg) of PNAG-I, -II, and -III demonstrated that only PNAG-I was able to elicit an immunoglobulin G (IgG) immune response with the highest titers obtained with 100-μg dose. When we purified a small fraction of PNAG with a molecular mass of ∼780 kDa (PNAG-780) from PNAG-I, significantly higher IgG titers than those in mice immunized with the same doses of PNAG-I were obtained, suggesting the importance of the molecular mass of PNAG in the antibody response. These results further clarify the chemical structure of PS/A and help to differentiate it from PIA on the basis of immunogenicity, molecular size, and solubility.

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kumar, Pramod y Deepak R. Jain. "Cγ-Aminopropylene peptide nucleic acid (amp-PNA): chiral cationic PNAs with superior PNA:DNA/RNA duplex stability and cellular uptake". Tetrahedron 71, n.º 21 (mayo de 2015): 3378–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2015.03.093.

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Nielsen, Peter E., Gerald Haaima, Anders Lohse y Ole Buchardt. "Peptide Nucleic Acids(PNAs) Containing Thymine Monomers Derived from Chiral Amino Acids: Hybridization and Solubility Properties ofD-Lysine PNA". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 35, n.º 17 (20 de septiembre de 1996): 1939–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.199619391.

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Govindaraju, T., Vaijayanti A. Kumar y Krishna N. Ganesh. "Synthesis and Evaluation of (1S,2R/1R,2S)-Aminocyclohexylglycyl PNAs as Conformationally Preorganized PNA Analogues for DNA/RNA Recognition". Journal of Organic Chemistry 69, n.º 6 (marzo de 2004): 1858–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo035747x.

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Guthrie, Gregory y Douglas Burrin. "Impact of Parenteral Lipid Emulsion Components on Cholestatic Liver Disease in Neonates". Nutrients 13, n.º 2 (4 de febrero de 2021): 508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020508.

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Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a life-saving intervention for infants that are unable to feed by mouth. Infants that remain on TPN for extended periods of time are at risk for the development of liver injury in the form of parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis (PNAC). Current research suggests the lipid component of TPN is a factor in the development of PNAC. Most notably, the fatty acid composition, vitamin E concentration, and presence of phytosterols are believed key mediators of lipid emulsion driven PNAC development. New emulsions comprised of fish oil and medium chain triglycerides show promise for reducing the incidence of PNAC in infants. In this review we will cover the current clinical studies on the benefit of fish oil and medium chain triglyceride containing lipid emulsions on the development of PNAC, the current constituents of lipid emulsions that may modulate the prevalence of PNAC, and potential new supplements to TPN to further reduce the incidence of PNAC.

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49

Liang, Zhigang, Jinfeng Yao, Philip K. T. Chen, Cangshang Zheng y Jiying Yang. "Effect of Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding on Nasal Symmetry in Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip/Palate Patients after Primary Cheiloplasty without Concomitant Nasal Cartilage Dissection". Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 55, n.º 7 (22 de febrero de 2018): 935–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/14-296.

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Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) on long-term nasal symmetry and shaping after primary cheiloplasty in patients with unilateral complete cleft lip/palate (UCL/P). Design: This was a two-group, parallel, retrospective, randomized clinical trial. Setting: The setting for this study was the Chang Gung Craniofacial Center in Taoyuan, Taiwan. Patients: Patients were divided into one of the following two groups: infants with UCL/P who underwent PNAM (PNAM group, n = 42) and infants with UCL/P who did not undergo PNAM (non-PNAM group, n = 42). Interventions: Interventions included PNAM and primary cheiloplasty without nasal cartilage dissection. Main Outcome Measures: In this study, 4- to 5-year postoperative full-face and submental oblique photographs were taken of all patients and scored from 1 to 5 points by 10 medical evaluators. The scores were statistically analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance, and P < .05 was considered to represent statistical significance. Results: After 1 to 3 months of PNAM but before primary cheiloplasty, the displaced nasal and alveolar cartilage showed obvious improvement. However, the scores in the PNAM and non-PNAM groups at 4 to 5 years postoperatively were 66.62 ± 14.25 and 66.31 ± 15.08, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( F = 0.009, P = .923). Conclusion: PNAM as an early-stage adjunctive therapy for nasal deformity correction is beneficial before primary cheiloplasty, but it is insufficient to maintain long-term nostril symmetry after primary cheiloplasty without nasal cartilage dissection.

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Cerca, Nuno, Kimberly K. Jefferson, Tomas Maira-Litrán, Danielle B. Pier, Casie Kelly-Quintos, Donald A. Goldmann, Joana Azeredo y Gerald B. Pier. "Molecular Basis for Preferential Protective Efficacy of Antibodies Directed to the Poorly Acetylated Form of Staphylococcal Poly-N-Acetyl-β-(1-6)-Glucosamine". Infection and Immunity 75, n.º 7 (30 de abril de 2007): 3406–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00078-07.

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ABSTRACT Poly-N-acetyl-glucosamine (PNAG) is a staphylococcal surface polysaccharide influencing biofilm formation that is also under investigation for its vaccine potential. Antibodies that bind to PNAG with either low (<15%) or high (>90%) levels of acetate are superior at opsonic and protective activity compared with antibodies that bind to PNAG with only high levels (>70%) of acetate. PNAG is synthesized by four proteins encoded within the intercellular adhesin (ica) locus icaADBC. In Staphylococcus epidermidis, icaB encodes a deacetylase needed for the surface retention of PNAG and optimal biofilm formation. In this study, we confirmed that icaB plays a similar role in Staphylococcus aureus and found that an icaB mutant of S. aureus expressed significantly less surface-associated PNAG, was highly susceptible to antibody-independent opsonic killing that could not be enhanced with antibody raised against deacetylated PNAG (dPNAG), and had reduced survival capacity in a murine model of bacteremia. In contrast, an icaB-overexpressing strain produced primarily surface-associated PNAG, was more susceptible to opsonophagocytosis with antibody to dPNAG, and had increased survival in a murine bacteremia model. The highly acetylated secreted PNAG was more effective at blocking opsonic killing mediated by a human monoclonal antibody (mAb) to native PNAG than it was at blocking killing mediated by a human mAb to dPNAG, which by itself was a more effective opsonin. Retention of dPNAG on the surface of S. aureus is key to increased survival during bacteremia and also provides a molecular mechanism explaining the superior opsonic and protective activity of antibody to dPNAG.

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