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1
Croally, Neil. "Troades : Euripidean polemic". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358602.
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Huff, Charles A. "Polemic in the Song of Hannah". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p001-1144.
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Leacock, Bernadette. "The selected polemic writings of D.P. Moran". Thesis, University of Ulster, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.232862.
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Barker, William Dale. "Isaiah 24-27 : studies in a cosmic polemic". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252036.
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This study primarily aims to demonstrate that: 1.) the background material for Isa. 24-27 is Canaanite, as represented in the north Canaanite Ba’al tradition of Ugarit, 2.) Isa. 24-27 is not a series of isolated allusions to various segments of the Bal’al Myth, but a coherent framework and narrative progression that has been intentionally adopted from the Ba’al-Mot Myth, and 3.) the function of Isa. 24-27 is to describe the eternal and cosmic kingship of YHWH, while condemning Canaanite deities (i.e. E1, Ba’al and his rpum, Mot, Litan, Shapash, and perhaps Asherah) and cult institutions (i.e. Ba’al worship, the asherim and the marzēah). This indicates that the message of Isa. 24-27 is in keeping with the kingship and anti-idolatry themes present elsewhere in Isaiah. With this interpretation, there is a polemic continuity between Isa. 7-13, Isa. 14-23, and Isa. 24-27. It better connects Isa. 24-27 and Isa. 28. This study begins by reviewing the recent history of interpretation of Isa. 24-27. In Chapter Two various interpretations of the Ba’al Myth are reviewed, and an alternative interpretation is proposed. Chapter Three investigates the nature and functions of chthonic deities throughout the ancient Near East, and compares them to מָוֶת in the Hebrew Bible, with particular reference to Isa. 25:6-8. Chapter Four begins with an exegetical analysis of Isa. 25:6-8, which is followed by an inquiry into banqueting practices and banqueting in the mythic literature of the ancient Near East. Chapter Five seeks to define the marzēah in Ugarit, and also distinguishes between the funerary marzēah and other types of marzēah gatherings. Chapter Six argues that Mesopotamian and Egyptian myths influenced the Ugaritic conceptualisation of Litan, but that only these Ugaritic Litan traditions had a direct influence on the Hebrew Bible’s conceptualisation of Leviathan. The chapter concludes that Leviathan in Isa. 27:1 is part of the polemic against Mot and the establishing of YHWH’s cosmic kingship over every enemy, including Death and its allies. Chapter Seven is an analysis of the Ugaritic-Hebrew parallel word pairs in Isa. 24-27. Chapter Eight looks into additional evidence of the Ugaritic background in Isa. 24-27. Chapter Nine details the evidence of a Ugaritic background to Isa. 28, and defines the connections between Isa. 24-27 and 28, all of which contribute to the proclamation of YHWH’s kingship and the condemnation of Canaanite deities and cult practices that is evident throughout Isa. 24-28. Chapter Ten concludes not simply that there is an Ugaritic background to Isa. 24-27, but that most of the Ugaritic background material exists in a single myth, narrated in less than three cuneiform tablets (KTU 1.4-1.6). The only Ugaritic material that forms background to Isa. 24-27 and comes from outside the Ba’al-Mot Myth is related to kingship, death or the marzēah cult.
5
Flower, Richard Andrew. "Polemic and episcopal authority in fourth-century Christianity". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/265486.
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This thesis explores the employment of polemical literature by mid-fourth-century Christian authors as a means of promoting themselves as authoritative and orthodox figures during a period of doctrinal uncertainty. It focuses on the writings of four bishops (Athanasius of Alexandria, Hilary of Poitiers, Lucifer of Cagliari and Epiphanius of Salamis), who are noted for their fierce opposition to heresy, and, in the case of the first three, their vehement attacks on the emperor Constantius II (337-361). These authors chose to draw upon recognisable literary elements and characters - most notably biblical figures and martyrs - in order to present themselves and their enemies as re-enacting canonical struggles from Christian history. These accounts combined the techniques of classical rhetoric and the deployment of paideia in agonistic disputation with an explicitly Christian canon of reference material and system of values. Th.is thesis therefore considers the representation of the authors' political and theological opponents, in order to show that when these men attacked 'heresy', they often did so in order to defend themselves from the same charge, rather than writing from a secure position of power. When doing so, they also sought to create for themselves positions as authoritative commentators on theology and practice. The first chapter discusses the literary antecedents, both classical and Christian, for the attacks directed against Constantius II, together with the social role of ceremonial, panegyric and invective in the Roman empire; the second chapter examines the Christian construction of an image of the emperor Constantius II as the archetypal tyrant and persecutor; the third argues that these writers laid claim to charismatic authority by presenting themselves as the heirs of the martyrs; the fourth continues the theme of scriptural re-enactment by examining its wider use in the literary construction of theological disputes as replaying biblical events or fulfilling prophecies; the fifth continues the theme of heretical genealogies by exploring the emergence of quasi-scientific classification systems for heterodox belief, particularly in the encyclopaedic Panarion of Epiphanius. This final chapter therefore also examines tl1e growth of heresiology and argues that this author sought to protect himself and his theological ideas by anathematising his opponents and promoting 11in1self as an expert on discovering and destroying heresy. By bringing together this group of distinct, but linked, claims to authority, this thesis contributes to the growing sense of the fourth century as a time of both uncertainty and innovation within Christianity, during which a series of doctrinal and institutional challenges resulted in a wide range of new forms of literary response.
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Owen, Jonathan Clark. "Psalm 104 Yahweh's polemic against the Ugaritic pantheon /". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1985. http://www.tren.com.
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Rosini, Amanda. "Sacrifice in Genesis 22 : literal polemic or literary construct". Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112512.
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The purpose of this thesis is to examine the role of human sacrifice within the narrative of Genesis 22:1--19. For several decades, biblical scholarship has interpreted the role of human sacrifice within this particular narrative as an established and accepted practice, which was, only later abolished and replaced by the Law of Redemption (Ex 22:29--30). This thesis will study the archaeological data surrounding the practice of ritual human sacrifice in the expectation that it will provide added insight into the meaning of the ritual act within the narrative of Genesis 22.The study will also investigate the use of ritual offerings as a symbolic code and as a literary construct to transmit the interests and concerns of the author. These concerns were generated by specific political, social and religious realities brought about by the events surrounding the Babylonian and Persian invasions of the Syria-Palestine region.
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Greig, Martin. "Thought and polemic of Gilbert Burnet, ca 1673-1705". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317656.
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Baker, Glenn. "Richard Hooker and writing God into polemic and piety". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/8629.
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This thesis argues that Richard Hooker understands God as the primary authority in the argument of his Lawes of Ecclesiasticall Politie. Challenging the canonical view of Hooker in which it is contended that God has left church government undecided and that Scripture and reason are the twin authorities for Hooker, ‘Writing God into Polemic and Piety’ investigates how Hooker develops an extra-Scriptural perception of the guiding authority of God in what is good for the church in all ages. This study argues that Hooker polemically explains God’s involvement in the church by developing a metaphor which he names ‘Law’, by which Hooker imaginatively presents to the rational minds of his readers what human reason alone cannot grasp of the guidance of God. This thesis uncovers the difference for Hooker between perception and knowledge, divine truth and metaphorical truth, contesting the view that Hooker explains ecclesiology by drawing upon one philosophical ‘school of thought’. This thesis also investigates how Hooker develops love, desire and affective commitments to the divine in his vision of Christian piety, thus reassessing Hooker’s ‘rational’ outlook for the church. ‘Writing God into Polemic and Piety’ contextually situates Hooker in the theology, philosophy, piety and church controversy of the late sixteenth century, with reference to contemporary English and continental writers. This study is organised into seven chapters. Chapter One addresses Hooker’s sixteenth-century methodology for discussing the divine, while Hooker’s understanding of the divinely revealed language of Scripture in relation to extra-Scriptural perception will be examined in Chapters Two and Three. Hooker’s metaphor of Law and his argument for God’s guidance of what is good in church polity will be investigated in Chapters Four, Five and Six. Chapter Seven explores the role of affective commitments in Hooker’s polity and piety.
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Haywood, Jan Liam Thomas. "Intertext and allusion in Herodotus' Histories : authority, proof, polemic". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2013. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/12277/.
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This study considers anew the central question of Herodotus’ relationship with literary and textual sources. It examines how Herodotus comes to define his own work in a context where many artists (both narrative and visual) are seeking to accumulate, delineate, and ultimately dictate cultural memory. Rather than applying traditional Quellenforschung, my analysis centres on examining significant intertextual and allusive relationships in his work. In each chapter, I address the nature of Herodotus’ engagement with certain textual rivals/genres, namely early prose writers, inscriptions, poets (expecially Homer, Simonides, Aeschylus, Sophocles), and oracles. From this emerges a highly nuanced engagement with myriad texts in the Histories (principally: as authoritative voices; as persuasive evidence; and as voices for disputation). Such engagement furnishes considerable authority for the writer of the Histories, to the extent that he provides a superior view of the past, compared to the more limited, partisan perspectives offered by his textual rivals. My study reinforces the salient point that Herodotus is no historian in any modern sense of the word; his interaction with other literary traditions does not appear in a way that is expected of an academic monograph. Nevertheless the evidence for his engagement with a wide and diverse group of texts—both contemporary and non-contemporary—clearly militates against the consensual view that Herodotus was working with predominantly unfixed, oral traditions. Indeed, through this interplay with other literary works Herodotus most clearly defines for the reader his own unique intellectual achievement: the invention of historiography.
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Bradshaw, Christopher J. "Protestant polemic and the nature of evangelical dissent, 1538-1553". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/7106.
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This study explores how Protestant writers during the period 1538-1553 dealt with the threats and opportunities that were offered to Protestant reform in England by the Royal Supremacy. Though initially propagandists for Henry VIII's new authority as Supreme Head of the English church, many polemicists were forced into religious and political marginalisation by the king's imposition of a theologically Catholic settlement of the English church in 1539. As a result during the later Henrician period, Protestant writers constructed an alternative ecclesiology for the Protestant community. This offered historical justifications for their own theological creeds. Just as importantly, this new ecclesiology legitimised the status of Protestant dissidents as a separate church from the king's official church. In addition Protestant writers constructed a biblical rhetoric within which they concealed and discussed the precise relationship of their theological creeds to the political authority that had rejected them. This ideology redefined both the nature of kingship and the king's religious role according to a series of biblical images. These images encapsulated and conveyed to the reader a series of associative ideas. The ideological assumptions behind these typological images were formative influences upon the nature of official religious reform during the Edwardian period (1547-53). The basis of this ideological sympathy was a close patron-client relationship between Edward's government and the Protestant writers. This allowed an iconoclastic destruction of traditional mediaeval religion but it also enabled the construction of a positive theological alternative to the Roman Catholic sacramental system. Protestant polemicists were at the centre of the formation of this new theological identity for the English church, and of the campaign which imposed it. However by the early 1550s the alliance of the governing elite and the Protestant polemicists began to break down. The means used to destroy the Catholic religious system had been acceptable to both oligarchy and Protestant writers, but it became obvious that their ends, unlike their means, did not agree. As a result the polemical heritage of criticism, that had been used against their Catholic opponents, was turned by Protestant writers against their ostensibly Protestant patrons. In the final part of the work the way that the polemicists' anti-government criticism influenced their providential explanations for the succession of Queen Mary is traced, and the greater significance of the polemical heritage of this period is assessed.
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Ryan, Michael. "The represson polemic constructing normalcy and deviance within therapy disciplines /". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0006606.
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Stoffle, Richard W. y David B. Halmo. "The Transition to Mariculture: A Theoretical Polemic and Caribbean Case". International Center for Marine Resource Development, University of Rhode Island (Kingston, RI), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/550389.
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Abou-Seada, Al-amin Abdel-hameed. "Byzantium and Islam (9th.-10th. centuries) : a historical evaluation of the role of religion in Byzantium-Muslim relations". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368991.
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Docterman, Daryl L. "Genesis 2-3 : the hidden polemic against excesses in royal ideology". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.727637.
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Using primarily Yairah Amit's work on hidden polemics as a template, plus Ancient Near Eastern literature, this work argues for a hidden polemic in Genesis 2-3 against certain excesses in royal ideology and practice. The key themes of knowledge and life—as well as other terms and motifs that are related to knowledge and life—are examined in Genesis 2-3 in connection with those same themes in other parts of the Old Testament and in the Ancient Near East. It is demonstrated that knowledge and life are common themes of royal ideology in the rest of the Old Testament and in the Ancient Near East in general. This ideology is often treated in a way that is favorable to kings and their ideology. However, there are other views that are not so favorable. Such views often involve hidden polemics that seek to protect the authors as well as the readers and/or hearers of the polemics. These polemics also, by their hidden nature, tend to draw the reader/hearer into the stories.
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Atanassova, Rossitza I. "Doctrine, polemic and literary tradition in some hexameter poems of Prudentius". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f74b5c1a-7b1d-42ae-afe7-bebd9aa7caf7.
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The thesis, the topic of which is restricted to the polemical didactic poems, Apotheosis, Hamartigenia and Contra Symmachum 1-2, aims to establish the attitudes of Prudentius to the literary tradition and argues for his relationship with the Latin classical poets. Its main argument is that the hexameter poems as a group can be profitably studied from a stylistic angle, since they show how Prudentius combined, and used with innovation, the styles of several poets, namely Lucretius, Virgil and Juvenal, and in many cases engaged with the literary tradition as a whole. Chapter I surveys, as reflected in the poems, Prudentius' awareness of the political, religious and literary milieu in the Christian Empire of the West in his day. Chapter II examines how Prudentius employed the style of argument and imagery in the D.R.N. to present Christian doctrines on the body and the soul, and to reject pagan superstition. Chapter III shows how with much imagination and respect Prudentius adapted Virgil's phraseology and techniques to give new Christian interpretations of some mythical and historical themes in the Aen., such as the 'Golden Age' and the battle of Actium, and of topics on agriculture from the Georg. Chapter IV argues that, like other fourth century Christian writers, the poet entered into the spirit of Satire and alluded to Juvenal's themes and language in his treatment of the topics of sin and sexuality. Finally, in Chapter V Prudentius' adaptations of the biblical accounts in Gen. 19 and of Ps. 136 are used to demonstrate how allegory, which is a main feature of his poetry, was combined successfully with different classical techniques. In conclusion, the hexameter poems demonstrate that Prudentius did not reject classical poetry on the basis of its content, but used both its themes and poetic techniques in order to merge the ancient with the Christian literary tradition.
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Ichiji, Keisuke. "An interpretation of Levinas' 'ethical' polemic against Heidegger's concept of existence". Thesis, University of Essex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428901.
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Cannon, James P. D. "The poetry and polemic of English church worship c. 1617-1640". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368337.
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Stone, Linda Margaret Anne. "Anti-Jewish polemic in the glossed Psalms of the twelfth century". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708948.
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Cattell, Daniel Charles. "Catholic-Protestant controversy and the Shakespearean stage : the play of polemic". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/8162.
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Shakespeare’s career in the theatre coincides with the ascendancy of Catholic-Protestant polemic, a body of writing that exerted a deep and pervasive influence on literate life in early modern England. Eroding a secularizing bias within the academy, the much heralded turn to religion in the discipline has already covered ample ground in repositioning Shakespeare in relation to the religious cultures of his age. But if such criticism is no longer the preserve of parti pris commentators, Shakespeare’s plays have yet to be fully explored through the particular breed of antagonistic writing that emerged during the Reformation and eventually contributed to the period’s self-styling as the “scribbling age.” Placing drama within this neglected field of enquiry, I reveal the importance the modes and preoccupations of such controversial writing had for the evolving shape and content of Shakespeare’s art. The four plays considered here illuminate the subtlety and sophistication with which Catholic-Protestant polemic permeates the theatre; but they also demonstrate that theatre could in turn permeate polemic, hijacking and radically altering its concerns or critiquing its values and assumptions as a practice. King John, 1 Henry IV, Hamlet, and Henry VIII are all marked by cultures of religious scribbling, but in strikingly different ways. By charting changes to these configurations across such a chronology, we can grasp how the plays loosely move from a tentative, experimental approach to polemic to a greater assuredness in its repudiation, developments with important implications for piecing together Shakespeare’s development as a reader and writer.
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De, Vivo Filippo Luciano Carlo. "Wars of papers : communication and polemic in early seventeenth-century Venice". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272055.
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Magruder, James A. "The Sinope gospels an illuminated gospel book as anti-Chalcedonian polemic /". Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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Wood, Amanda Leigh. "Anti-Catholic polemic in Jacobean print culture contextualizing Westward for Smelts (1620) /". Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Summer/Theses/WOOD_AMANDA_6.pdf.
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Maddocks, E. G. "The use of parody in German literary polemic c. 1740- c. 1780". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375911.
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Dean, Katherine. "The gendered language of Protestant anti-papist polemic in England, 1603-1702". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268613.
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Coffin, Jeffrey D. "An exegesis of Revelation 4 a polemic against the Roman imperial cult /". Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2004. http://www.tren.com.
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Hartley, Brandon. "War and Tolerance: Catholic Polemic in Lyon During the French Religious Wars". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195996.
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This dissertation studies the content of Catholic polemic printed in the city of Lyon from 1560 to 1594, a period ranging from the first hints of wider Protestant unrest to the submission of the city to Henry IV and the resumption of royal control. The time frame corresponds to an era of zealous Catholic activity in which combating Protestantism, or heresy as they usually labeled it, was a primary focus of the Lyonnaise Catholic Church and the presses which supported it. By studying the thematic content of these cheap print sources, I will provide a glimpse into the types of issues that appear most prominently in this particular type of print medium and trace how such issues change, or remain static, over time. Most important of these themes are the importance of concord or unity and the willingness of God to punish his followers for their sins and, frequently, mankind's unwillingness to reunify the church and create concord through force. This dissertation has grown into a commentary on this dynamic more than any other single issue and readers will detect tangential comments concerning the importance of unity and God's punishment throughout earlier chapters. Time and again, polemicists make clear that the only means to a lasting "peace" is to achieve religious unity by any means necessary. Only this purity within the faithful will ease God's hand and cure France of its ills. Sources were drawn from the principal libraries in Lyon and the Rhone valley, in addition to occasional pieces scattered in Paris and other libraries throughout France.
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Viva, Samantha Agata. "Sciascia, la polemica e l'incognita Courier". Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/956.
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Questo lavoro di ricerca indaga sui reali accostamenti tra Sciascia e Courier, attraverso il confronto tra i due, la lettura di alcune opere e soprattutto il ragguaglio critico. Tutto il lavoro è affrontato, verificando preliminarmente quali definizioni possano darsi della polemica e in che momento si possa realmente cominciare a parlare di un genere polemico .
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Dickson, Wilma Ann. "The rhetoric of religious polemic : a literary study of the church order debate in the reign of Queen Elizabeth I". Thesis, Durham University, 1987. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7068/.
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This thesis sets in their literary context polemical books and tracts arising from tho, debate on church order within the Church as established by law in the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. The first two chapters set out the terms of the discussion and describe the historical context of the works considered. Chapter one looks at models of discourse appropriate for a study of polemic, concluding that the perspective of traditional rhetoric enables one to pose the right stylistic and ethical questions of works whose goal was effective persuasion. Chapter Two looks at the conditions under which these works were produced, analysing the extent and effectiveness of censorship. The principal argument begins in Chapter Three, with an analysis of the main linguistic model for this literature - the formal disputation as practised in the universities demonstrating its inability to cope with the fundamental nature of the disagreements between opponents and its tendency under pressure to become a trial in print. Chapter Four complements this analysis with a chronological survey of events from the Admonition controversy of 1572-3 bo the mid-1580s. John Whitgift's appointment as Archbishop of Canterbury and his subsequent campaign against non-subscribers are identified as pivotal events which focused attention on the political and legal mechanisms for the enforcement of order in the church, and the literary responses of reformers to this shift of focus from the theological to the historic are analysed. The first part of Chapter Five looks in more technical detail at the increasingly arbitrary use of literary language by reformers, examining the crucial influence of the dialectician Ramus on the tendency to treat as formal proof a rhetorically effective arrangement of propositions; the latter part of the chapter looks at the witty reductio ad absurdum of this tendency in the Marprelate tracts. Chapter Six considers the last ten to fifteen years of Elizabeth's reign, concentrating in particular on the polanic arising from or influenced by the Star Chamber cases against reformers in 1590-1.The Conclusion summarises briefly the linguistic shortcuts used by the majority of polemicists to strengthen their case, and contrasts these with Hooker's arphasls on the need to respect the processes of language in the journey of theological discovery. Finally, I examine the implications of the obviovis-bankruptcy of traditional forms of exchange in a new situation, and the-consequent decline of dialogue, for the English Church after 1603.
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Davidovic, Marko. "Reading Red Power in 1970s Canada: Possibility and Polemic in Three Indigenous Autobiographies". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35514.
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The reorientation of federal state policy on Canada's relation to Indigenous peoples that occurred in the years 1969-1974, although heralded as progressive, inaugurated not so much an age of liberation, restititution, and reconciliation as a bureaucratic and institutional framework for perpetuating settler-colonial processes of dispossession and assimilation. This was a period of intense struggle both within and without Indigenous politics, as activist dissidents to the increasing institutionalization of negotiation with the colonial state were branded as pathological and dangerous "Red Power" militants and phased out from mainstream political discourse.
As they lived through the contradictions of these processes, three such militants turned to writing autobiographies that would become foundational influences upon the development of Indigenous literature in Canada: Maria Campbell's Halfbreed, Howard Adams's Prison of Grass, and Lee Maracle's Bobbi Lee: Indian Rebel. These autobiographies, which explicitly spoke to the writers' political and activist experiences and positions, occupy a complicated position in Indigenous literary history. Often relegated to a bygone moment of polemic, bitterness, and resentment, they have been more or less systematically misread or dismissed as works of literature by literary critics. This thesis proposes that considering these works in their formal and narrative specificity, as well as constituting a literary-critical and literary-historical end in itself given the dearth of scholarly attention paid to this period of Indigenous/Canadian history in general and these works in particular, can open up productive theoretical and critical insights into two ongoing disciplinary concerns: dismantling ongoing scholarly investments in colonial premises about and usages of narrative, subjectivity, and history; and envisaging possible relations between Indigenous literature(s) and literary study and anti-colonial political processes, especially processes of activism and movement-building toward decolonization.
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Roberts, Nannette Sherry. "The French polemic: nationalism, racism and Atlanticism in the past, present and future". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/26559.
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This thesis offers an overview of French nationalism, racism and Atlanticism in the country's past, present and future. It argues that nationalism and racism lie at the root of the French socio-political polemics and that the contemporary problems draw from French history. This explanation places particular emphasis upon the evolution of France as a cohesive nation- state and the subsequent development and definition of the French citizen, as well as the corollary concept of the foreigner. This study also discusses the repercussions of nationalism as exhibited through xenophobic tendencies and racism throughout French history and into the present. The French integration model further explored, reveals nationalist proclivities that intertwine with the assimilation process of immigrants. This thesis seek. to unknot the issues of French nationalism as a basis for better understanding and more effective U. S. policy with France
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Ellis, Markman. "The politics of sentimentalism : controversy and polemic in the sentimental novel 1758-1771". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334078.
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Jordan, Ruth Anne. "The Blackloists 1640-1688 : ecclesiastical, theological and intellectual authority in English Catholic polemic". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621043.
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Pietersen, Lloyd Keith. "Teaching, tradition and thaumaturgy : a sociological examination of the polemic of the Pastorals". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14626/.
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Much historical-critical work on the opponents in the Pastoral Epistles has resulted in sweeping generalisations concerning their Jewish and/or Gnostic nature. Literary analyses have been somewhat more promising in focusing on the stereotypical nature of the polemic but either fail to do justice to the urgency of the language in the Pastorals or fail to provide a convincing description of the opponents. This thesis approaches the problem of the opponents from a social-scientific perspective. Utilising labelling theory and social control theory from the sociology of deviance, the thesis argues that the Pastorals function as a literary version of a status degradation ceremony whereby previously influential insiders within the communities addressed are transformed into outsiders. Following a survey of approaches to the problem of institutionalisation, the thesis argues that the scholarly consensus (that the Pastorals reflect the institutionalisation of initially charismatic Pauline communities) needs to be revised. It suggests a developmental model for charismatic communities which involves both the process of institutionalisation and the simultaneous, thaumaturgical subversion of that process. This model arises out of the sociological analysis of the development of a contemporary charismatic community and it is argued that developments in the second century CE church, particularly the rise of Montanism, yield results which are consistent with this model. The thesis examines the Pastorals in the light of this developmental model and argues that they reflect a power struggle within the communities between those who advocate an ecstatic spirituality rooted in the memory of a thaumaturgical Paul and the author, who appeals to Pauline tradition and sees Paul as primarily a great teacher.
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Perera, Nichole. "The Destruction of Statues in Late Antique Egypt: A Widespread Phenomenon or Christian Polemic?" Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37020.
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The topic of violence in Late Antiquity is a heavily debated subject and many scholars have focused on this issue, as evidenced by the many studies published within the last ten years. The perception of Late Antiquity as a period of widespread religious violence is mainly influenced by Christian literary sources, who document accounts of violence against temples, statuary, and people alike. Egypt, in particular, has often been used as an example to demonstrate the destructive nature of religious violence that existed in the ancient world. However, the concept of religious violence is a complicated and nuanced topic. In Egypt, the many accounts by the Christian sources were written with specific intentions and the events documented in the texts were often exaggerated. The objective of this thesis is to provide a study of statue destruction by Christians between the fourth to seventh centuries CE in Egypt, and determine whether these destructions were acts of religious violence or were carried out for another reason in order to provide a more nuanced understanding of violence in Late Antiquity. By juxtaposing accounts from literary sources and archaeological evidence, the study seeks to determine whether the literary sources are accurate in their documentation of widespread statue destruction, or whether the violent discourse present in the literary sources is the result of Christian polemical purposes.
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Racaut, Luc. "Hatred in print : aspects of anti-Protestant polemic in the French Wars of Religion". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2962.
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The medium of printing has been persistently associated with Protestantism. As a result, a large body of French Catholic anti-Protestant material was to a large extent ignored. In contrast with Germany, there is evidence to suggest that French authors used printing effectively and aggressively to promote the Catholic cause. During the French Wars of Religion, French Catholics were far more innovative than they were given credit for: the German paradigm of a leaden-footed Catholic response to the Reformation was inappropriately applied to France. This is ironic given that it was the Catholic cause which ultimately prevailed. In seeking to explain why France remained a Catholic country, the French Catholic response must be taken into account. Catholic polemical works, and their portrayal of Protestants in print in particular, is the central focus of this work. The first chapter is devoted to a historiographical discussion of the problem of violence in the French Wars of Religion. The next two chapters are concerned with the comparison between Protestantism and medieval heresies, and particularly the recourse in polemic to the topos of the Albigensian Crusade. The next chapter addresses the use of cultural archetypes such as 'the world turned upside down' and the reversal of gender roles to deride the impact of the Reformation. The last two chapters are an attempt to assess the impact of the Catholic polemic on the Protestant culture and identity and on the emerging public opinion. Rather than confront the Reformation on its own terms, the Catholic reaction concentrated on discrediting the Protestant cause in the eyes of the Catholic majority. They had a considerable impact on their readership and on an illiterate audience (through the interaction between written and oral), and on the French Protestants' own self-perception and identity. This thesis aims to contribute to the ongoing debate over the nature of the French Wars of Religion, to explain why they were so violent and why they engaged the loyalties of such a large portion of the population. This study also provides an example of the successful defence of Catholicism developed independently and in advance of Tridentine reform which is of wider significance for the history of the Reformation in Europe.
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Bryant, Jared R. "Gregory of Nazianzus's Use of Creation in the Trinitarian Controversy: Theological Hermeneutics as Polemic". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/369858.
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ReligionPh.D.
In this dissertation I argue that Gregory of Nazianzus implements an allegorical interpretation of biblical creation texts in order to uphold the divinity of the persons of the Trinity against his later fourth-century Trinitarian opponents. Gregory’s polemic is motivated by his own theology and is anchored both in Scripture and in the Alexandrian tradition which he received. My approach of discussing Gregory’s thoughts on creation and the Trinity within his own context is new to the field of patristic studies. Many have studied the theme of creation in early Christian studies, but none of those studies are specific to Gregory as he employs them in his own polemical fashion. Others have aimed to connect Gregory’s thoughts on creation with ecology and liberation theology, but none pay careful attention to Gregory’s own historical situation and theological context. To accomplish this goal I survey Gregory’s works as they relate to the dual themes of creation and the Trinity. I consider Origen and Athanasius of Alexandria and their works on creation as gateways of influence upon Gregory. I study several of Basil of Caesarea’s and Gregory of Nyssa’s works as they discuss the theme of creation and I compare their approach to Gregory’s. Since Gregory’s opponents deny the doctrine of the Trinity as it was handed down to Gregory, his interpretation is situational in that Gregory’s historical context determines his scriptural exegesis. My study examines Gregory’s motives and methods which are determined by his historical context for the purpose of combating doctrine contrary to his and promoting accepted Trinitarian belief.
Temple University--Theses
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Lane, Lewis Calvin III. "Finding Elizabeth: history, polemic, and the Laudian redefinition of conformity in seventeenth century England". Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2924.
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The "beauty of holiness," the ceremonialist agenda of the Laudians during the Personal Rule of King Charles I (r.1625-1649), was in many ways a serious shift from and challenge to the devotional and theological ethos that had dominated the Church of England since the 1570s. So stark was this shift that scholars today regularly cite the rigid enforcement of the "beauty of holiness" as one of the precipitating causes of the English Civil Wars that broke out in 1642. The rise of Laudianism, then, and its claim on the character of the nation's established church, the church's devotional life, and England's confessional identity, was no small matter. Perhaps the most understudied aspect of the Laudian movement was the way this circle of clergy argued that their program for the church was neither a challenge nor, for that matter, innovative. Recent historians have described how the Laudians used various rhetorical strategies to present their vision as perfectly orthodox, a mere restatement of old-fashioned principles and practices long enjoyed since the happy reign of Queen Elizabeth (r.1558-1603). Developing arguments from scripture, from the practice of the early church, or simply the more obvious need to worship God with reverence, the Laudians shifted their apologetic strategies depending on the moment. This project considers in detail a particular Laudian strategy - the appeal to precedents from the Elizabethan church. In addition to reflecting on the malleable nature of history in the early modern period and on the character of what one might call the rhetoric of conservatism, this project reveals the power of the image of Elizabeth Tudor in seventeenth century religious polemics.
This dissertation is concerned not so much with Puritans, but rather with two groups who both claimed to be conformists and who both based that claim on adherence to Elizabethan principles. Both Laudians and, as one scholar describes them, "old style" conformists both claimed ownership of a legitimating Elizabethan past and thus ownership of a normative identity. At a broad level, my research seeks to understand a moment of religious and social change and how that change was persistently negotiated by recourse to history. My goal is to consider the way the Laudians appropriated the image of Elizabeth for their own designs. This examination does not end with the reign of Charles, however. The Laudian claim of true conformity and denial of innovation did not end when civil war erupted in 1642 or even when the king was executed in 1649. One finds this historical claim in the mouth of Archbishop William Laud at his trial for treason. Likewise, one finds during the Cromwellian Protectorate in the 1650s the rise of full historical enterprises, not simply the invocation of history in polemic. When the monarchy was restored in 1660, works by the Laudian historian Peter Heylyn were ready for Royalist consumption and, as one might suspect, they offer an interpretation of the past that legitimates the Laudian program and brands its opponents as foreign and dangerous. This type of literature was polemic under the form of history. Yet we cannot casually dismiss such arguments as simple propaganda. We must understand them instead as alternative readings of the past, stories that contemporaries told themselves and which worked to confirm a particular vision of the world. My project, in sum, will offer an assessment of the way historical claims functioned within the discourse of religious and political legitimacy at a time of intense religious and political strife. My concluding argument is that the tradition known as Anglicanism, while it had a long gestation, was born not in the reign of Elizabeth or even in the early Stuart period, but rather at the Restoration in 1660 when Charles II came to the throne and a particular vision of what it meant to be a loyal conformist achieved canonical status.
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Wenkel, David H. "John Bunyan's theory of atonement in his early doctrinal and polemic works Amyraldian or Particular? /". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2004. http://www.tren.com.
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Gwynn, David Morton. "The Eusebians : the polemic of Athanasius of Alexandria and the construction of the Arian controversy /". Oxford : Oxford university press, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb411696256.
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Sena, Pera Juan Pablo <1978>. "The Polemic Construction of Judaism at the origins of Christianity: from Paul to Justin Martyr". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7099/1/Sena_Pera_Juan_Pablo_Tesi.pdf.
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This research aims to identify the guidelines that are opposed to Judaism in the body of the work Dialogue with Trypho of Justin Martyr, using the methodology engendered by Norbert Elias and John L. Scotson in their work, The Established and the Outsiders. As a result, our research intends to contribute to unveil another aspect of Justin’s work, considered by many scholars as a proselytistic tool; by taking it as a document builder of the Christian identity trough its dissociation from Judaism. For this reason, this thesis investigates and reviews the socio-cultural and political environment that gave rise to Roman Christianity, taking into consideration Christian internal conflicts and the resulting dichotomies within the Roman Christian community, as a result of its departure from its Jewish matrix.
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Sena, Pera Juan Pablo <1978>. "The Polemic Construction of Judaism at the origins of Christianity: from Paul to Justin Martyr". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7099/.
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This research aims to identify the guidelines that are opposed to Judaism in the body of the work Dialogue with Trypho of Justin Martyr, using the methodology engendered by Norbert Elias and John L. Scotson in their work, The Established and the Outsiders. As a result, our research intends to contribute to unveil another aspect of Justin’s work, considered by many scholars as a proselytistic tool; by taking it as a document builder of the Christian identity trough its dissociation from Judaism. For this reason, this thesis investigates and reviews the socio-cultural and political environment that gave rise to Roman Christianity, taking into consideration Christian internal conflicts and the resulting dichotomies within the Roman Christian community, as a result of its departure from its Jewish matrix.
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Rowlstone, Stephen. "Religion, politics and polemic in seventeenth century England : the public career of Henry Burton, 1625-1648". Thesis, University of Kent, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.429662.
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Smith, Andrew H. "Sex please, we're British exempla, polemic, and history in John Bale's Actes of the Englysh Votaryes /". Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1375.
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Rich, James David. ""To show thee the right way in" sixteenth-century English Bible prefaces : pedagogy, polemic, and propaganda /". Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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Ferreira, Nilson Candido. "Evolucionismo e criacionismo : aspectos de uma polemica". [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/268882.
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Orientador: Sirio PossentiTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Esta tese analisa a relação existente entre o discurso de divulgação científica neodarwinista e o discurso criacionista conservador. O neodarwinismo, neste estudo, representa o pensamento atual das diversas correntes da Biologia que seguem o modelo estruturado por Charles Darwin, a partir de sua obra A Origem das Espécies. O criacionismo conservador, também conhecido por fundamentalista, interpreta o texto do Gênesis sobre a criação do mundo de forma literal. Este trabalho, que analisa, principalmente, matérias da revista "Veja" que circularam no período de 1993 a 2002, tem como discurso de referência o neodarwinismo e é fundamentado na teoria da Análise do Discurso francesa, especialmente nos conceitos de interdiscurso, semântica de base, interincompreensão, polêmica e simulacros discursivos propostos por Maingueneau. Verifica-se que a base semântica do discurso neodarwinista é fundamentada nas seguintes unidades lexicais: acaso, natureza, acidente, primata, evolução e milhões-de-anos/eras. A semântica de base do criacionismo conservador é construída a partir das seguintes unidades lexicais: projeto, Criador/Deus, propósito, Adão, criação e dias-da-criação. O foco da polêmica entre esses discursos está centralizado no item lexical "acaso" e seu oposto "projeto". Isso porque admitir que há "projeto" acarreta em admitir-se que há projetista e, se há projetista e projeto, há também propósito, pois uma coisa pressupõe a outra. Assim, ancorado no papel atribuído ao "acaso", o evolucionismo constrói o seu discurso e, simultaneamente, nega a legitimidade do discurso antagonista, que é retratado sempre através do simulacro discursivo construído pelo processo da interincompreensão. O discurso neodarwinista procura construir para si um ethos científico e para isso reivindica os sentidos construídos pelos semas: fato, prova, verdade, certeza, racional. Os cientistas de sua formação discursiva são descritos como renomados, conceituados, sérios, sinceros, defensores da ciência e da verdade, etc. Em contrapartida, o discurso de referência constrói o simulacro discursivo do seu Outro através de itens lexicais como: mito, lenda, superstição, palpite, explicação sem sentido, histórias apócrifas, religião ruim, ciência ruim. Quanto aos que pertencem ao posicionamento discursivo antagônico, são: religiosos apaixonados, insinceros, supersticiosos, perseguidores da ciência, promotores de "guerras acirradas" em cujo meio encontram-se cientistas que na verdade são teístas inconfessos. Constata-se que, além do ethos científico, valorizado e assimilado pelos co-enunciadores aliados, o neodarwinismo constrói para si também, mesmo sem intenção, um ethos polêmico, que é o assimilado pelos antagonistas como um ethos arrogante. Assim, constata-se uma instabilidade na construção do ethos neodarwinista, que ora é mais sereno, mais científico, e ora mais combativo, mais polêmico. Esta tese incorpora o conceito de pathos à perspectiva discursiva e analisa os páthe que o discurso neodarwinista suscita nos co-enunciadores aliados e nos antagonistas. Faz-se, também, uma consideração das possíveis conseqüências dos páthe suscitados. Conclui-se que a relação de interincompreensão e polêmica entre os discursos protagonistas, fortemente marcada pela ideologia, faz com que cada um desses discursos veja o seu Outro somente através do simulacro que dele constrói.
Abstract: This thesis analyzes the relation between the Neodarwinist scientific disclosure discourse and the conservative creationist discourse. The Neodarwinism, in this study, shows the contemporary thought of the several Biology tendencies that follow the model structured by Charles Darwin, in his work On the Origin of Species. The conservative creationism, also known as fundamentalist, has a literal interpretation of the Genesis text about the creation of the world. This work, which mainly analyzes publications from ?Veja? magazine that were published in the period from 1993 to 2002, has the neodarwinism as the reference discourse and is based on the French discourse analysis theory, specially on the concepts of inter-discourse, base semantics, inter-uncomprehension, controversy and discourse simulacrum proposed by Maingueneau. It is verified that the semantic foundations of the neodarwinist discourse are based on the following lexical unities: chance, nature, accident, primate, evolution and millions/billions of years/ages. The semantic foundations of the conservative creationism are built on the following lexical unities: project, God/Creator, purpose, Adam, creation and creation-days. The focus of the polemic among those discourses is centralized on the lexical item "chance" and its opposite "project". That is this way because if we admit that there is a "project", we have to admit there is a planner, and, if there is a planner and a project, there should be a purpose, once one thing presupposes the other. Thus, anchored on the role attributed to "chance", the evolutionism builds up its discourse and, simultaneously, denies the legitimacy of the antagonistic discourse, which is always evidenced through the discoursive simulacrum built by the inter-uncomprehension process. The neodarwinist discourse tries to build on itself a scientific ethos and, for that purpose, uses the concepts built by the semantic meanings: fact, proof, truth, certainty, rational. The scientists of this discoursive formation are highly regarded and described as renowned, dignified, serious, honest, science and truth defenders, etc. On the other hand, the reference discourse builds the discoursive simulacrum of its "Other" through lexical items such as: myth, legend, superstition, suggestion, meaningless explanation, apocryphal histories, bad religion and bad science. Those who belong to the antagonistic discourse formation are considered: insincere, superstitious, passionate religious men, science persecutors and promoters of "exasperated wars" where there are scientists who are in fact non-confessed theists. It is verified that, besides the scientific ethos, valued and assimilated by the co-enunciator allies, neodarwinism also builds for itself, even without intention, a polemic ethos, that is the one assimilated by the antagonists as an arrogant ethos. Thus, an instability is verified in the construction of the Neodarwinist ethos, that is either more serene, more scientific, or more combative, more polemical. This thesis incorporates the pathos concept to the discoursive perspective and analyzes the páthe that the neodarwinist speech raises in allied co-enunciators and in the antagonists. It also happens a consideration of the possible consequences of the raised páthe. The relation of inter-incomprehension and controversy among the protagonist discourses, which is highly marked by ideology, causes in each one of these discourses view to face its "Other" through the simulacrum built by itself.
Doutorado
Linguistica
Doutor em Linguística
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Erskine, Andrew Duncan. "Scepticism, athesism, and libertinism : a study of the polemic between Francois Garasse and Francois Ogier, 1623-25". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243964.
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Gwynn, David M. "Hoi peri Eusebion : the polemic of Athanasius of Alkexandria (Bishop AD 328-373) and the early 'Arian controversy'". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401521.
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Hunter, Andrew John. "Yahweh and the gods: an exploration of the relationship between Yahweh and other gods as reflected in Deutero- and Trito-Isaiah: a theological analysis". University of the Western Cape, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7505.
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Magister Theologiae - MThThis study begins by recognising the religiously plural context in which the Christian churches currently exist. It discusses the various forces that impel the churches towards recognition of and dialogue with those of other faiths, as well as factors that hinder this process. It mentions a variety of ways in which theology - in particular, the theological understanding of the relationship between the Christian churches and other faith communities - is influenced by its context. In an attempt to identify a model within the Judaeo-Christian tradition that will provide a basis for inter-faith dialogue, the study proposes an exploration of the relationship between Yahweh and the gods of the nations as reflected in the the prophetic writings known as Deutero- and Trito-Isaiah, writings that almost certainly emerged from two particular periods in the history of the people of lsrael: the Babylonian exile and the early post-exilic period in Palestine. The study outlines historical developments within these two periods. It explores the various religious beliefs - Babylonian, Palestinian and Persian - that together formed the multi-faith context for Deutero- and Trito-Isaiah.
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Cohen, Akiva. "A study of the particular M parables employed by Matthew in his polemic with the leaders of formative Judaism". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1996. http://www.tren.com.
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